高级口译试题集锦(1)

(A)英语翻译高级口译英译中经济科技(一)(总分100,考试时间90分钟)试题1Japan's once enviable jobless rate will soar to double-digit levels if—and the warning is a big one—firms opt for drastic Western-style layoffs to boost profits. While Japan's lifetime employment system is visibly unravelling, many economists still doubt whether a scenario of soaring joblessness will occur, given that economic incentives to slash payrolls clash with social and political pressures to save jobs. A kinder, gentler approach to restructuring would soften the social instability many fear would result from doubling the jobless rate, already at a record high.531Critics believe it would also cap gains in profit margins and stifle economic vitality, especially in the absence of bold steps to open the door to new growth, industries. Some economists believe different methods of counting mean Japan's jobless rate is already close to 7 per cent by United States standards, not that far from the 7.8 per cent peak hit in the US in 1992 when it began to emerge from a two-year slump.1. Japan's once enviable jobless rate will soar to double-digit levels if-and the warning is a big one-firms opt for drastic Western-style layoffs to boost profits.2. While Japan's life-time employment system is visibly unravelling, many economists still doubt whether a scenario of soaring joblessness will occur, given that economic incentives to slash payrolls clash with social and political pressures to save jobs.3. A kinder, gentler approach to restructuring would soften the social instability that many fear would result from doubling the jobless rate, which is already at a record high.4. Critics believe it would also cap gains in profit margins and stifle economic vitality, especially in the absence of bold steps to open the door to new growth, industries.5. Some economists believe different methods of counting mean Japan's jobless rate is already close to 7 per cent by United States standards, not that far from the 7.8 per cent peak hit in the US in 1992 when it began to emerge from a two-year slump.试题2The biggest problem of the third industrial revolution is as easy to explain as it is difficult to solve. Technology is creating a global economy that is rapidly supplanting our old national economies. National governments cannot control this new economy, yet no one, least of all Americans, wants to create the form of global government that might be able to control it. As a result we were going to be living in a fundamentally unmanaged economic system. The difficulties of containing the 1997 Asian economic meltdown are just the first of many such difficulties we can expect.National governments, which used to worry about managing and maintaining their economic systems, are slowly being pushed out of business. Changes in global finance overwhelm all but the largest governments. Governments have lost much of their influence over the movement of information and capital. They cannot control who crosses their borders either physically or culturally.Conversely, the power of global businesses is growing **panies' ability to move to the most advantageous locations and play countries off against one another in bidding for attractive investment projects.1. The biggest problem of the third industrial revolution is as easy to explain as it is difficult to solve. Technology is creating a global economy that is rapidly supplanting our old national economies.2. National governments cannot control this new economy, yet no one, least of all Americans, wants to create the form of global government that might be able to control it. As a result we were going to be living in a fundamentally unmanaged economic system.3. The difficulties of containing the 1997 Asian economic meltdown are just the first of many such difficulties we can expect.4. National governments, which used to worry about managing and maintaining their economic systems, are slowly being pushed out of business.5. Changes in global finance overwhelm all but the largest governments.6. Governments have lost much of their influence over the movement of information and capital. They cannot control who crosses their borders either physically or culturally.7. Conversely, the power of global businesses is growing **panies' ability to move to the most advantageous locations and play countries off against one another in bidding for attractive investment projects.试题3Bringing the World Cup to Asia was supposed to expand the reach of the global game in a happy confluence of good will and good business. The action on the pitch has certainly been dramatic, and most fans were thrilled. But less than half way through the month-long tournament, the good will is already wearing thin-and business seems relatively slow, with fewer visitors and Cup-related sales than expected. Deeply embarrassed by the image of part-empty stadiums besieged by angry ticket hunters, Japanese prime minister ordered an official investigation into the ticket fiasco. Claiming losses of more than ＄800,000 per game, Korea's soccer federation eventhreatened to sue Byrom, the official ticket agent, for failing to print and deliver tickets on time.Japan and Korea both hoped to score big points-at home and abroad-with the World Cup. Perhaps it was the memories of the 1964 Tokyo Olympics and the 1988 Seoul Olympics, which were considered turning points in their nations' development. Mired in a decade-long slump, Japan longs for anything that might shock its economy back to life. Korea, meanwhile, hopes the Cup will steady its halting recovery from the 1997 Asian financial crisis-and help brand it as Asia's most wired nation. Their plan: inject billions of dollars into new facilities, welcome throngs of tourists and for one glorious month showcase their countries to the biggest television audience in world history.1. Bringing the World Cup to Asia was supposed to expand the reach of the global game in a happy confluence of good will and good business.2. The action on the pitch has certainly been dramatic, and most fans were thrilled.3. But less than half way through the month-long tournament, the good will is already wearing thin-and business seems relatively slow, with fewer visitors and Cup-related sales than expected.4. Deeply embarrassed by the image of part-empty stadiums besieged by angry ticket hunters, Japanese prime minister ordered an official investigation into the ticket fiasco.5. Claiming losses of more than ＄800,000 per game, Korea's soccer federation even threatened to sue Byrom, the official ticket agent, for failing to print and deliver tickets on time.6. Japan and Korea both hoped to score big points—at home and abroad—with the World Cup.7. Perhaps it was the memories of the 1964 Tokyo Olympics and the 1988 Seoul Olympics, which were considered turning points in their nations' development.8. Mired in a decade-long slump, Japan longs for anything that might shock its economy back to life.9. Korea, meanwhile, hopes the Cup will steady its halting recovery from the 1997 Asian financial crisis-and help brand it as Asia-s most wired nation.10. Their plan: inject billions of dollars into new facilities, welcome throngs of tourists and for one glorious month showcase their countries to the biggest television audience in world history.试题4The effect of governmental expenditures on the total economy varies with both the level of utilization of labor and capital in the economy at the time of the expenditure, and the segment of the economy which receives the expenditure. If the economy as a whole or the segment of the economy which is the focus of the expenditure is operating at capacity or close to capacity, then the expenditure's major effects will tend to be inflationary, and will not generate much employment of capital and labor. If the economy or sector is operating at much less than full employment, the expenditure will produce a genuine (non-inflationary) rise in the GNP.A true measure of the effect of governmental increase in the amount of money made available, then, is not the simple dollar value of the initial injection but the cumulative effect of this injection through spending and re-spending. In the optimum case the initial expansion of income flow couldbe great enough to produce tax revenues in excess of the original "deficit spending" or the "tax cut", so that deficits are not only smaller than the increased GNP but are recouped. In Keynesian economics the fundamental point of government policy clearly is not budget-balancing but spending in the event of unused productive capacity and unemployment. Spending increases productivity. This productivity resulting from federal spending has overwhelmed the older economic myths of the balanced budget where government is conceived of as just another business firm.1. The effect of governmental expenditures on the total economy varies with both the level of utilization of labor and capital in the economy at the time of the expenditure, and the segment of the economy which receives the expenditure.2. If the economy as a whole or the segment of the economy which is the focus of the expenditure is operating at capacity or close to capacity, then the expenditure's major effects will tend to be inflationary, and will not generate much employment of capital and labor.3. If the economy or sector is operating at much less than full employment, the expenditure will produce a genuine (non-inflationary) rise in the GNP.4. A true measure of the effect of governmental increase in the amount of money made available, then, is not the simple dollar value of the initial injection but the cumulative effect of this injection through spending and re-spending.5. In the optimum case the initial expansion of income flow could be great enough to produce tax revenues in excess of the original "deficit spending" or the "tax cut", so that deficits are not only smaller than the increased GNP but are recouped.6. In Keynesian economics the fundamental point of government policy clearly is not budget-balancing but spending in the event of unused productive capacity and unemployment.7. Spending increases productivity. This productivity resulting from federal spending has overwhelmed the older economic myths of the balanced budget where government is conceived of as just another business firm.试题5In general, investment in the United States will be in the form of a subsidiary. It is possible for a non-U.S corporation to operate a branch office in the United States, but there are significant disadvantages to a branch, particularly with respect to its tax treatment.Branches of non-U.S corporations are not subject to federal regulation or registration requirements. However, each state will require a "foreign" corporation to "qualify" before "doing business" in that state. A corporation will be considered "foreign" if it is organized under the laws of another country or another state, and so this is not a requirement imposed only on non-U.S investors."Doing business" is a technical term that implies a substantial presence in the state. This would include the ownership of leasing of real property, the maintenance of a stock of goods for local sale, employee and the like. Selling products to local customers, either directly or through anindependent sales representative or distributor, would not itself constitute "doing business".The states actually exercise little control over the qualification process other than to ensure that the qualifying entity's name is not confusingly similar to an already registered entity and that all registration fees and taxes are paid (qualification is basically a form of taxation). In most states, qualification for a non-U.S corporation consists of a relatively easy application, a registration fee, and a notarized or legalized copy of the corporation's articles of incorporation (in English or a certified translation).1. In general, investment in the United States will be in the form of a subsidiary. It is possible for a non-U.S corporation to operate a branch office in the United States, but there are significant disadvantages to a branch, particularly with respect to its tax treatment.2. Branches of non-U.S corporations are not subject to federal regulation or registration requirements. However, each state will require a "foreign" corporation to "qualify" before "doing business" in that state. A corporation will be considered "foreign" if it is organized under the laws of another country or another state, and so this is not a requirement imposed only on non-U.S investors.3. "Doing business" is a technical term that implies a substantial presence in the state. This would include the ownership of leasing of real property, the maintenance of a stock of goods for local sale, employee and the like. Selling products to local customers, either directly or through an independent sales representative or distributor, would not itself constltute "doing business\4. The states actually exercise little control over the qualification process other than to ensure that the qualifying entity's name is not confusingly similar to an already registered entity and that all registration fees and taxes are paid (qualification is basically a form of taxation).5. In most states, qualification for a non-U.S corporation consists of a relatively easy application, a registration fee, and a notarized or legalized copy of the corporation's articles of incorporation (in English or a certified translation).。

2023年上海口译考试高级口译模拟试题2023年上海口译考试高级口译模拟试题SECTION 1:Direction: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.Now, we have to learn to ignore some of the________ (8) that may be ringing in our unconscious minds, such as: “If you ask once more, I'll flatten you”, and“ ________ (9)”.The main technique that we use in ________ (10) to practice the art of persistence is called Broken Record. ________ (11) we hear one sentence over and over again until we reach screaming pitch and ________ (12).Broken Record is the skill of being able to repeat over and over again, ________ (13), what it is youwant or need, until the other person gives in or________ (14).Now, this technique is extremely useful fordealing with situations where your rights areclearly________ (15), or coping with situations where you are likely to be diverted by clever, ________ (16).The beauty of using Broken Record is thatyou________ (17) because you know exactly what you are going to say, however________ (18) the other person tries to be.Part B: Listening prehensionDirections: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one,you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding spacein your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.1. (A) Education and health.(B) Health in adolescence.(C) Sleep deprivation in teens.(D) Mysteries of sleep.2. (A) A balance in cognitive thoughts and emotions.(B) A chronic sleep deprivation.(C) A huge wave of sleepiness.(D) A mighty sleep hormone.3. (A) Melatonin is the source of a big push from biology that makes teenagers night owls.(B) Melatonin is a simple signal that turns on in the morning and turns off in the evening.(C) Melatonin is secreted several hours later in childhood than it will be during adolescence.(D) Melatonin doesn't shut off until 11 o'clock P.M. every day.4. (A) They have to struggle to stay up all night.(B) They get severely sleep deprived.(C) They very often oversleep.(D) They fall asleep too soon at night.5. (A) Alertness.(B) Reaction time.(C) Emotion.(D) Concentration.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following news.(B) Investors in general believe that the outlook for profits is worsening.(C) Some major pany executives are selling more shares than buying.(D) The US stock market is expanding at a 5.6 percent annual rate this year.7. (A) To inspect the shuttle for potentially critical heat shield damage.(B) To rewire the space station for a permanent power source.(C) To beat the odds to get off the launch pad in the first night-time launch.(D) To make a fiery ascent that turns night into day.8. (A) 50.(B) 80.(C) 150.(D) 180.9. (A) Forty-five women were killed in the blaze at a drug treatment center.(B) The fire was not caused by arson according to a senior firefighter.(C) Nine mentally ill patients died in the fire.(D) People were trapped behind locked gates and barred windows.10. (A) Two detectives investigating the case had tested positive for traces of radiation.(B) The ex-wife and the former mother-in-law of the spy were also poisoned.(C) The Russian businessman who met the former spy in London has fallen ill.(D) There is a high degree of probability that it is polonium that killed the spy.KEYS：1. is jeopardizing2. consumer protection organizations3. weled development4. protect the interests of6. your self-esteem and relationships7. the art of persistence8. not-so-pleasant messages9. “Don’t make a scene”10. assertiveness training11. When a record is scratched12. jump to turn it off13. in an assertive and relaxed manner14. agrees to negotiate with you15. in danger of being abused16. articulate but irrelevant arguments17. have nothing more to worry about18. abusive or manipulative19. a self-protective skill20. your time and energy is precious 1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C6. C7. B8. B9. C 10. D。

英语翻译高级口译试题英语翻译高级口译试题以下是店铺整理的英语翻译高级口译试题，希望对大家有所帮助英译汉【原文】American mythology loves nothing more than the reluctant hero: the man -- it is usually a man -- whose natural talents have destined him for more than obliging obscurity. George Washington, we are told, was a leader who would have preferred to have been a farmer. Thomas Jefferson, a writer. Martin Luther King, Jr., a preacher. These men were roused from lives of perfunctory achievement, our legends have it, not because they chose their own exceptionalism, but because we, the people, chose it for them. We -- seeing greatness in them that they were too humble to observe themselves -- conferred on them uncommon paths. Historical circumstance became its own call of duty, and the logic of democracy proved itself through the answer.Neil Armstrong was a hero of this stripe: constitutionally humble, circumstantially noble. Nearly every obituary written for him has made a point of emphasizing his sense of privacy, his sense of humility, his sense of the ironic ordinary. And yet every aspect of Armstrong’ s life made clear: On that day in 1969, he acted on our behalf, out of a sense of mission that was communal rather than personal. The reluctant hero is also the self-sacrificing hero.【参考译文】美国神话最爱的莫过于不情愿的英雄：天赋注定他无法默默无闻。

历年高级口译考题翻译部分精解第一套英译中Since Darwin, biologists have been-firmly convinced that nature works without plan or meaning, pursuing no aim by the direct road of design. But today we see that this conviction is a fatal error. Why should evolution, exactly as Darwin knew it and described it, be planless and irrational? Do not aircraft design engineers work, at precisely that point where specific calculations and plans give out, according to the same principle of evolution, when they test the serviceability of a great number of statistically determined forms in the wind tunnel, in order to choose the one that functions best? Can we say that there is no process of natural selection when nuclear physicists, through thousands of computer operations, try to find out which materials, in which combinations and with what structural form, are best suited to the building of an atomic reactor? They also practise no designed adaptation, but work by the principle of selection. But it would never occur to anyone to call their method planless and irrational.【参考译文】达尔文以后的生物学家们一直相信，大自然的运行是没有计划没有意义的，不会按照预先设定的途径实现任何目的。

上海市英语高级口译资格证书第二阶段考试INTERPRETATION TEST (Paper 24) 2000.5Part ADirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each paragraph, interpret in into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal… and stop it at the signal… you may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages only once. Now let’s begin Part A with the first passage.Passage 1:Since the early 1990’s, information technologies have fundamentally changed and will continue to change the world in which we live, work, study and communicate. Today, on the threshold of the 21st century, the global Information Revolution has become a reality. The accelerated development of information technologies is having an increasing impact on the global economic activity and social structures. //More significantly, the nature of information technologies is undergoing a profound revolution. The multimedia information exchange has become digital, wireless, mobile, and interactive. Advanced electronic networks, particularly in the field of electronic commerce, are now allowing people to make the best use of business opportunities that are never before imagined.（参考答案）自从九十年代初以来，信息技术已经从根本上改变了并且继续改变着世界，改变着人们的居住、工作、学习和交际（方式）。

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高级口译最新复习题（03年10月28日上传）来源：昂立辅导班（03年暑假）感谢：xywangsw @ EnglishTest of SJTUBBS一Topic:The stock market exchange and China’s economic development Questions for Reference:1. What do you know about the development of the stock market in China in the past decade or so2. What are the major functions of the stock market in China’s economy, according to your understanding and judgement3. What can you tell about the current situation and the future trend of the stock market in ChinaPart APassage 1:It is an honor to be here to speak on behalf of the Microsoft Research Center and to participate in this conference to discuss the strategic issues facing this wonderful and dynamic city of Shanghai. In my address to the conference, I’d like to concentrate on Microsoft’s proposed joint ventures in Shanghai, because these ventures confirm our position as a strongly committed partner to Shanghai. ChinaTherefore, the foreign investor must have a strategic plan and the willingness to form a long-term partnership with China. On a foundation of seeking a win-win situation for both China and America, we have developed a strategic roadmap based on mutual benefit and sustainable development.（参考答案）我很荣幸在这里代表微软研究中心，出席本次会议来讨论上海这座美妙且充满活力的城市所面临的战略问题。

历年英语翻译资格考试高级口译真题（网友版）口语：背景: there are thousands of dialects in China. 中国有数千种方言，是否需要统一，比如固定记者都说普通话话题: Should a news reporter speak Mandarin?口译：E—C1. 老龄化社会的现状关键词: aging population. 难度较高2. 中国的发展关键词：Ceremonial speech, rising china, economic growth. 难度较高C-E1. 中国的国情关键句：a. 中国是的发展中国家，它的未来发展的不仅影响着中国人民，也影响着世界的发展和进步。

b.回顾历史，我们对中国人民充满信心，中国将坚定不移的实施改革开放，全面建设小康社会。

c.中国的发展与国外的发展紧密联系，互相补充，我们要在平等互利的基础上加强合作与交流。

d.中国人民希望和平幸福的生活，也希望各国人民携手实现共同发展和普遍繁荣。

2. 中国的教育关键句:a.我们要尊重老师，政府重视教育。

b.近年来，许多老师到农村和偏远的地方支教。

他们现身教育事业，默默无闻。

c.作为学生，即使时代在变化，即使我们功成名就，对于老师的情感不会变。

d. 出现一批先进人才，古代教育家陶行知先生说，我们应该尊师重教。

2010年12月5日下午考题：根据新东方口试强化班的Agnes第一时间的回忆，感谢!口试：Should E-business pay tax?电子商务是否应该征税?有人认为政府减轻税收会促使这一行业的发展，对此你的观点是?口译E-C1. 如何缩小非洲经济鸿沟关键词：how to bridge the African financial fund gap, economic crisis, China’s efforts in relieving Africa2. 维护女性的特权关键词：safeguard women privile ge, women’s rights & elimination of gender discrimination, joint efforts, gender equalityC-E1.Sino-US relationship 中美关系。

上海市英语高级口译岗位资格证书考试第二阶段口译部分模拟题（一）Part APassage One:Thank you very much. First, I’d like to thank you, Mr. President, for your wonderful introduction. I also want to thank members of the diplomatic corps who are here and several members of the Administration.I also want you to know that I do know a good deal about Georgetown.非常感谢。

首先，我想对校长精彩的介绍道声谢。

其次我还想感谢众位外交使节和几位政府官员莅临现场。

我也想告诉各位，对于乔治敦大学，我还是知之甚多的。

It is because this is a fine school of foreign service for which we all owe a debt of gratitude for the people that you have trained, for the people who have come to us in government, for the people from whom I have learned as an academic. This is also a fine university in general, a university that is well known for its dedication to learning, but also its dedication to universal values and to social justice.究其原因，其一是因为这是一所在外交方面著名学府，从这里走出了服务政府的济济人才，也走出了我本人在学术上十分景仰的专业人士。

第一单元外事接待Unit 1 reception口译课文text for interpretation第一篇汉英口译Passage 1 Chinese English interpretation口译实践Text interpreting. Listen to the recording and interpret the following passage from Chinese into English.欢迎希尔博士和夫人来访上海。

请允许我做自我介绍，我叫洪建信，是中美制药有限公司的副总经理。

我们很荣幸能请到您，我也特别高兴能认识您。

我们去那里取行李吧。

Welcome to shanghai. Dr. and Mrs. Hill. Please allow me to introduce myself. My name is Jianxin Hong. I am deputy managing director of Sino-American Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd. It’s a great honor to have you here with us. I am very delighted to make your acquaintance. Let’s go there and pick up the luggage.久闻先生大名。

我在研究生学习时期所写的两篇论文中，曾参考了您的研究成果。

我为能在上海接待您和您的家人而深感愉快。

我很高兴我们能在今后的半年里合作共事。

我们将给你配备两名实验助手。

必要时，我们还想邀请您的一名同事一起参加我们的这项研究工作。

I have long heard of you. And as a matter of fact, I referred to your research findings in a couple of my papers during my graduate studies. It gives me such a great pleasure to meet you and your family here in Shanghai and I am very glad that you will be working with us for the next six months. We will provide you with two lab assistants. And if necessary, we would like to invite one of your associates to join us.您若愿意的话，我们想把你们先安排在市中心的假日酒店下榻，从假日酒店开车40分钟可到我们的实验室。

上海高级口译考试（2009年春季）Part 1: English-Chinese InterpretingPassage 1Today, I shall make a direct give-and-take with everyone present, who is among the elite group in IT industry. First, mutually beneficial economic cooperation of China and America pushes forward the IT industry to a win-win situation for both countries. Secondly the Sino-US trade cooperation is highly complementary. The entry of US capital and technology into China brought along the investment of international capital. And China’s rapid development brings abundant returns for foreign-invested enterprises. //Enjoying general common ground and solid foundation of cooperation, under the five principles of Sino-American fair trade and economic cooperation, China is willing to deepen and widen our cooperation to push forward the rapid development of IT industry in both countries. We welcome more American companies to set up joint ventures in China, and Chinese government will devote itself to creating a favorable investment environment for bilateral cooperation.Passage 2This is a defining moment in our history. We face the worst economic crisis since the Great Depression - 760,000 workers have lost their jobs these years. Businesses and families can’t get credit. Home values are falling, and pensions are disappearing. Wages are lower than they’ve been in a decade. At a moment like this, we can’t afford four more years of spending increases, poorly designed tax cuts, or the complete lack of regulatory oversight of financial mechanism that even former Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan now believes was a mistake. //If there’s one thing we’ve learned from this economic crisis, it’s that we are all in this together. From CEOs to shareholders, from financiers to factory workers, we all have a stake in each other’s success because the more Americans prosper, the more America prospers. So will create two million new jobs by rebuilding our infrastructure. We’ll invest in renewable energy, creating five million new, green jobs that pay well, and can help end our dependence on Middle East Oil. //Part 2: Chinese-English InterpretingPassage 1欢迎各位参观我国东部最大的博物馆——华东博物馆。

上海高级口译试题及答案一、听力理解1. 请根据所听对话，选择正确的答案。

A. 会议将在下午三点开始。

B. 会议将在下午四点开始。

C. 会议将在下午五点开始。

D. 会议将在下午六点开始。

答案：B2. 根据对话内容，下列哪项是正确的？A. 他们计划去看电影。

B. 他们计划去购物。

C. 他们计划去公园。

D. 他们计划去餐厅。

答案：A二、口语表达1. 请用英语描述你最喜欢的季节，并解释原因。

答案：My favorite season is autumn. The weather is cool and crisp, and the leaves change into beautiful colors.2. 请用英语讲述一次你在国外旅行的经历。

答案：During my trip to Paris, I visited the Eiffel Tower and enjoyed the stunning view of the city from the top.三、阅读理解1. 阅读以下段落，并回答问题：What is the main idea of the passage?答案：The main idea of the passage is the importance of environmental conservation.2. 根据文章内容，下列哪项是作者的观点？A. 人们应该减少使用塑料。

B. 人们应该增加使用塑料。

C. 塑料对环境没有影响。

D. 塑料是不可替代的。

答案：A四、翻译1. 将下列句子从英语翻译成中文："In order to achieve success, one must be willing to work hard and persevere."答案：为了取得成功，一个人必须愿意努力工作并坚持不懈。

2. 将下列句子从中文翻译成英语：“随着科技的发展，我们的生活变得越来越便利。

英语高级口译岗位资格证书考试第一阶段试题1:(30 )A:: , a . . . .. . a (1) , . I (2) .(3). , (4). , (5) . a (6) , a , , , (7) . (8).. (9) ? I (10). , , , (11). , 30 , (12) !(一三). , , . (14)., (一五) , (16) . (17) .(一八), , . a ‘’ ‘’ . a , (19) . , (20).B:: . , . , . .1 5 .1. (A) 85 .(B) , .(C) .(D) .2. (A) .(B) a 〝〞.(C) .(D) 100.3. (A) , , , .(B) , , , .(C) , , , .(D) , , , .4. (A) a .(B) .(C) a , .(D) , , .5. (A) .(B) .(C) a .(D) .6 10 .6. (A) 3 20 .(B) a .(C) .(D) 2050.7. (A) .(B) a ’s .(B) .(C) .(D) a .9. (A) 6 7.(B) 8 10.(C) 11 16.(D) 17 25.10. (A) .(B) .(C) .(D) .11 一五.11. (A) A . (B) A . (C) . (D) .12. (A) .(B) .(C) . (D) .一三. (A) .(B) (C) A .(D) .14. (A) ——. (B) ——.(C) ——. (D) ——.一五. (A) . (B) . (C) . (D) .16 20 .16. (A) . (B) ’ .(C) , . (D) , .17. (A) . (B) ’ .(C) . (D) ’ .一八. (A) . (B) . (C) a . (D) a .19. (A) . (B) .(C) . (D) .20. (A) ’s .(B) ’s .(C) ’s .(D) ’ ’s .2:(30 ): . . , (A), (B), (C) (D), . .1—5a a a a . , , . , , , a . , ’s , a , . ’s , , .’s . 〝 a , ’t ,〞, a , a , 25 . , a ’t . , , , .. a ’t , ’t , a a ’t . 〝, ,〞, a . 〝.〞, . , . 〝’ , ,〞, a , ’ . , , 〝 a , ‘’ . , a .〞, , . 〝’t . ,〞, a , a ’s . ’s a , , , . 〝,〞, a a ( ), . , . , .1. ?(A) a .(B) a .(C) .(D) .3. ?(A) A ’s .(B) .(C) .(D) .4. 〝〞〝,〞(.3) .(A)(B)(C)(D)5. 〝〞(.4) .(A)(B)(C)(D)6—10: , , . a , ’ . , ., ’s . 1998, (), . , . a — a —a . , , 〝〞. a , . 〝,〞., . ( a a .) , a 2005; ’s .’s . , —’t . 〝 a ,〞, ., ’s , , . ? ’s , 〝I’m , .〞, . , . 〝 a ’s ,〞, . 〝.〞6. , , ’ , .(A)(B)(C)(D)7. 〝〞(.2) .(A)(B) ’(C)(D) ’s8. 〝〞〝’s 〞(.3) .(A)(B)(C)(D)9. 〝’s .〞(.4), 〝〞.(A)(B)(C)(D)11—一五’s , 50,000 . . : 3.5 ,a , . , . , , —. , : .20 , . ’s .? , ’ . , , ., , , , . a ’ . , , $800 . , , ’ 10 . , . a ; ’s . , , . .1960s, . ’t . , . , . . : , ; ’s . . ’s .. , . , ( a a ).a ., . . . , , : 2 2020, . ,a . a , . . , , . ’s .11. ?(A) ’s .(B) .(C) .(D) ’s .12. 〝〞〝’s .〞(. l) .(A) .(B) .(C) .(D) .一三. ’s ?(A) .(B) .(C) .(D) .14. 〝.〞(.4), .(A)(B)(C)(D)一五. ’s .(A)(B)(C)(D)16—20. , : ’s . —’s —., ——. a , ’s ’s , , a ., , . ’s 2007 a 50 . a ’s , ’s a ., ——, ’t 〝,〞, a . —, , . , , ’s 〝〞. . , .. , , ’s .’s 10 . . , a , , a .〝’s a a a . ’s a ,〞. . 〝.〞16. , : .(A) , , ’s(B) , ,(C) , ,(D) ’s , ,17. 〝, , .〞(.3), .(A)(B) ’s(C)(D)一八. a 50 ’s 2007 〝 a 〞(.4), .(A)(B)(C) ,(D)19. , ’s 10 .(A)(B)(C)(D)20. ?(A) a(B) ’s(C) .(D) 2007: A3:(30 ): .A . , —.〝〞—’s 14 一八68. 1 , , : 〝, , .〞, , , . , a , .〝’t , a . ,〞. 〝 a ; ’ ’ , I ’t .〞4:(30 )(1) , (2). ? (3) , . , a (4). (5) .a (6). (7) . (8) . (9) , 10% (10) , 5%(11). , , a (12).(一三). (14), (一五) (16). ’t . ’s ’s (17) ., (一八) . , ? (19). ’t a (20), , ’t a !B:1.: , 5 . . , .(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)2.: , 2 . . , . .(1)(2)5:(30 ): . .1—35,000 , a . a , a ., . , , a , a : 〝〞. 60 一五. A a , a .a 0 () 11 () ., , a 8 , , 6. 一五 5. 6½, 8.. 〝. ,〞. 〝. a . .a .〞, , a . 〝 a a ,〞. .’s , , a , , .’S A24 a75aa .7,000, ,6191. ?2. ’s ? a .3. ’s ’s ?4—6’d , . . 〝 a ,〞. 〝.〞. ’s . ’s , a , , ’s . 〝 a , ,〞, a . 〝 a .〞. , . 〝,〞. ’s a , , a . 〝’ a a ,〞’s . 〝 a , ’t , ‘’ .’〝’s a ’s , 1988, a . , , : A , ’s . 〝I ’t , 90 ,〞. 〝 a , I ’t .〞a . 〝, a ,〞. . 〝... .〞, , , . , . 〝... 〞, ’s . 〝[’s] a .〞(512 )4. ’s ? 〝 a 〞?5. ’s ? ’s ?6. :a) 〝 a .〞(.2)b) 〝 a , I ’t .〞(.4)7—10, 90 a . . . . . a ., a a , ’s . , , .’s 256 , 一三. , —. , .a . a a , . 〝 1 2001, ,〞, 20, a . 〝, . .〞 a a $195,000 26 . a , a a . 〝,〞 ., , . , a 一五% .. , , . 〝I , ,〞, a 1990s . 〝, ,〞. 〝. ’t .〞. , 〝[ ] [] .〞11% 1999. , a , 3.0 , . ’s .’s , ’s ’s . , ’s : . 〝21 ,〞. 〝.〞(651 )7. a .8. 4 〝 a .〞9. 〝〞(.6)?10. 〝〞? ?:中华文明历来注重亲仁善邻，讲求自相残杀。

上海市英语高级口译岗位资格证书考试第一阶段试题及答案上海市英语高级口译岗位资格证书考试第一阶段试题(06.9) SECTION1:LISTENING TEST(30minutes)Part A:Spot Dictation Directions:In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it.Fill in each of the blanks with the world or words you have heard on the tape.Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.Play is very important for humans from birth to death.Play is not meant to be just for children.It is a form of___________(1)that can tap into your creativity,and can allow you the chance to find your inner child and the inner child of others.I have collected the___________(2)of play here.Play can stimulate you___________(3).It can go against all the rules,and change the same___________(4).Walt Disney was devoted to play,and his willingness to___________ (5)changed the world of entertainment.The next time you are stuck in a___________(6)way of life,pull out a box of color pencils,modeling clay,glue and scissors,and___________(7)and break free.You will be amazed at the way your thinking___________(8).Playing can bring greater joy into your life.What do you think the world would be like-if___________(9)each day in play?I bet just asking you this question has___________(10).Play creates laughter,joy,entertainment, ___________(11).Starting today,try to get30minutes each day to engage in some form of play,and ___________(12)rise!Play is known___________(13). Studies show that,as humans,play is part of our nature. We have the need to play because it is instinctive and ___________(14).With regular play,our problem-solving and___________(15)will be in much better shape to handle this complex world,and we are much more likely to choose ___________(16)as they arise.It creates laughter and freedom that can instantly reduce stress and__________ (17)to our daily living.Play can___________(18), curiosity,and creativity.Research shows that play is both a‘hands-on’and‘minds-on’learning process.It produces a deeper,___________(19)of the world and its possibilities.We begin giving meaning to life through story making,and playing out___________(20).Part B:Listening Comprehension Directions:In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations.After each one,you will be asked some questions.The talks,conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE.Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions1to5are based on the following conversation.1.(A)in Cherry Blossoms Village ninety of the residents are over85years old.(B)In the United States,there are twice as many centenarians as there were ten years ago.(C)All the people studied by these scientists from Georgia live in institutions for the elderly.(D)Almost all the residents in Cherry Blossoms Village have unusual hobbies.2.(A)Whether the centenarians can live independently in small apartments.(B)Whether it is feasible to establish a village for the”oldest old”people.(C)What percentage of the population are centenarians inthe state of Georgia.(D)What the real secrets are to becoming an active and healthy100-year-old.3.(A)Diet,optimism,activity or mobility,and genetics.(B)Optimism,commitment to interesting things,activity or mobility,and adaptability to loss.(C)The strength to adapt to loss,diet,exercise,and genetics.(D)Diet,exercise,commitment to something they were interested in,and genetics.4.(A)The centenarians had a high calorie and fat intake.(B)The centenarians basically eat something different.(C)The centenarians eat a low-fat and low-calorie, unprocessed food diet.(D)The centenarians eat spicy food,drink whiskey,and have sweet pork every day.5.(A)Work hard.(B)Stay busy.(C)Stick to a balanced diet.(D)Always find something to laugh about.Questions6to10are based on the following news.6.(A)Global temperatures rose by3degrees in the20thcentury.(B)Global warming may spread disease that could kill a lot of people in Africa.(C)Developed countries no longer depend on fossil fuels for transport and power.(D)The impact of the global warming will be radically reduced by2050.7.(A)Taking bribes.(B)Creating a leadership vacuum at the country’s top car maker.(C)Misusing company funds for personal spending.(D)Offering cash for political favors.8.(A)The nation has raised alert status to the highest level and thousands of people have moved to safety. (B)The eruption of Mount Merapi has been the worst in Indonesia over the past two decades.(C)All residents in the region ten kilometers from the base of the mountain have evacuated.(D)The eruption process was a sudden burst and has caused extensive damage and heavy casualty.9.(A)6to7.(B)8to10.(C)11to16.(D)17to25.10.(A)Curbing high-level corruption.(B)Fighting organized crime.(C)Investigating convictions of criminals.(D)Surveying the threats to national security. Questions11to15are based on the following interview.11.(A)A wine taster.(B)A master water taster.(C)The host of the show.(D)The engineer who works on the water treatment plant.12.(A)Berkeley Springs.(B)Santa Barbara.(C)Atlantic City.(D)Sacramento.13.(A)Being saucy and piquant.(B)Tasting sweet(C)A certain amount of minerals.(D)An absence of taste. 14.(A)Looking—smelling—tasting.(B)Tasting—smelling—looking.(C)Smelling—looking—tasting.(D)Tasting—looking—smelling.15.(A)Bathing.(B)Boiling pasta in.(C)Swimming.(D) Making tea.Questions16to20are based on the following talk. 16.(A)Enhance reading and math skills.(B)Increase the students’appreciation of nature.(C)Improve math,but not reading skills.(D)Develop reading,but not math skills.17.(A)To help the students appreciate the arts.(B)To make the students’educatio n more well-rounded.(C)To investigate the impact of arts training.(D)To enhance the students’math skills.18.(A)Once weekly.(B)Twice weekly.(C)Once a month.(D)Twice a month.19.(A)Six months.(B)Seven months.(C)Eight months.(D) Nine months.20.(A)The children’s attitude.(B)The children’s test scores.(C)Both the children’s attitude and test scores.(D)Both the teachers’and the children’s attitude. SECTION2:READING TEST(30minutes)Directions:In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it.You are to choose ONE best answer,(A),(B),(C)or(D),to each question.Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated orimplied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in thecorresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions1—5Anyone who doubts that children are born with a healthy amount of ambition need spend only a few minutes with ababy eagerly learning to walk or a headstrong toddler starting to talk.No matter how many times the little ones stumble in their initial efforts,most keep on trying, determined to master their amazing new skill.It is only several years later,around the start of middle or junior high school,many psychologists and teachers agree,that a good number of kids seem to lose their natural drive to succeed and end up joining the ranks of underachievers. For the parents of such kids,whose own ambition is often inextricably tied to their children’s su ccess,it can be a bewildering,painful experience.So it’s no wonder some parents find themselves hoping that,just maybe, ambition can be taught like any other subject at school. It’s not quite that simple.”Kids can be given the opportunities to become passionate about a subject or activity,but they can’t be forced,”says Jacquelynne Eccles,a psychology professor at the University of Michigan,who led a landmark,25-year study examining what motivated first-and seventh-grades in three school districts.Even so,a growing number of educators and psychologists do believe it is possible to unearth ambition in students who don’t seem to have much.Theysay that by instilling confidence,encouraging some risk taking,being accepting of failure and expanding the areas in which children may be successful,both parents and teachers can reignite that innate desire to achieve. Figuring out why the fire went out is the first step. Assuming that a kid doesn’t suffer froman emotional or learning disability,or isn’t involved in some family crisis at home,manyeducators attribute a sudden lack of motivation to a fear of failure or peer pressure thatconveys the message that doing well academically somehow isn’t cool.”Kids get so caught up in the moment-to-moment issue of will they look smart or dumb,and it blocks them from thinking about the long term,”says Carol Dweck,a psychology professor at Stanford.”You have to teach them that they are in charge of their intellectual growth.”Over the past couple of years,Dweck has helped run an experimental workshop with New York City public school seventh-graders to do just that.Dubbed Brainology,the unorthodox approach uses basic neuroscience to teach kids how the brain works and how it can continue to develop throughou t life.”The message is that everything iswithin the kids’control,that their intelligence is malleable,”says Lisa Blackwell,a research scientist at Columbia University who has worked with Dweck to develop and run the program,which has helped increase the students’interest in school and turned around their declining math grades.More than any teacher or workshop, Blackwell says,”parents can play a critical role in conveying this message to their children by praising their effort,strategy and progres s rather than emphasizing their‘smartness’or praising high performance alone. Most of all,parents should let their kids know that mistakes are a part of learning.”Some experts say our education system,with its strong emphasis on testing and rigid separation of students into different levels of ability,also bears blame for the disappearance of drive in some kids.”These programs shut down the motivation of all kids who aren’t considered gifted and talented. They destroy their confidence,”says Jeff How ard,a social psychologist and president of the Efficacy Institute,a Boston-area organization that works with teachers and parents in school districts around the country to help improve children’sacademic performance.Howard and other educators say it’s important to expose kids to aworld beyond homework and tests,through volunteer work,sports,hobbies and other extracurricular activities.”The crux of the issue is that many students experience education as irrelevant to their life goals and ambitions,”says Michael Nakkual,a Harvard education professor who runs a Boston-area mentoring program called Project IF(Inventing the Future),which works to get low-income underachievers in touch with their aspirations.The key to getting kids to aim higher at school is to disabuse them of the notion that classwork is irrelevant,to show them how doing well at school can actually help them fulfill their dreams beyond it.Like any ambitious toddler,they need to understand that you have to learn to walk before you can run.1.Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the first paragraph?(A)Children are born with a kind of healthy ambition.(B)How a baby learns to walk and talk.(C)Ambition can be taught like other subjects at school.(D)Some teenage children lose their drive to succeed.2.According to some educators and psychologists,all ofthe following would be helpful to cultivate students’ambition to succeed EXCEPT________.(A)stimulating them to build up self-confidence(B)cultivating the attitude of risk taking(C)enlarging the areas for children to succeed(D)making them understand their family crisis3.What is the message that peer pressure conveys to children?(A)A sudden lack of motivation is attributed to the student’s failure.(B)Book knowledge is not as important as practical experience.(C)Looking smart is more important for young people at school.(D)To achieve academic excellence should not be treated as the top priority.4.The word”malleable”in the clause”that their intelligence is malleable,”(para.3)most probably means capable of being________.(A)altered and developed(B)blocked and impaired(C)sharpened and advanced(D)replaced and transplanted5.The expression”to disabuse them of the notion”(para.4) can be paraphrased as________.(A)to free them of the idea(B)to help them understand the idea(C)to imbue them with the notion(D)to inform them of the conceptQuestions6—10Civil-liberties advocates reeling from the recent revelations on surveillance had something else to worry about last week:the privacy of the billions of search queries made on sites like Google,AOL,Yahoo and Microsoft.As part of a long-running court case,the government has asked those companies to turn over i nformation on its users’search behavior.All but Google have handed over data,and now the Department of Justice has moved to compel the search giant to turn over the goods. What makes this case different is that the intended use of the information is not related tonational security,but the government’s continuing attempt to police Internet pornography.In1998,Congress passed the Child Online Protection Act (COPA),but courts have blocked its implementation due toFirst Amendment concerns.In its appeal,the DOJ wants to prove how easy it is to inadvertently stumble upon pore. In order to conduct a controlled experiment—to be performed by a UC Berkeley professor of statistics—the DOJ wants to use a large sample of actual search terms from the different search engines.It would then use those terms to do its own searches,employing the different kinds of filters each search engine offers,in an attempt to quantify how often”material that is harmful to minors”might appear.Google contends that since it is not a party to the case,the government has not right to demand its proprietary information to perform its test.”We intend to resist their motion vigorously,”said Google attorney Nicole Wong.DOJ spokesperson Charles Miller says that the government is requesting only the actual search terms,and not anything that would link the queries to those who made them.(The DOJ is also demanding a list of a million Web sites that Google indexes to determine the degree to which objectionable sites are searched.)Originally,the government asked for a treasure trove of all searches made in June and July;the request has been scaled back to one week’s worth of search queries.One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case.If the built-in filters that each search engine provides are effective in blocking porn sites,the government will have wound up proving what the opposition has said all along—you don’t need to suppress speech to protect minors on the Net.”We think that our filtering technology does a good job protecting minors from inadvertently seeing adult content,”says Ramez Naam,group program manager of MSN Search. Though the government intends to use these data specifically for its COPA-related test,it’s possible that the information could lead to further investigations and, perhaps,subpoenas to find out who was doing the searching. What if certain search terms indicated that people were contemplating terrorist actions or other criminal activities?Says the DOJ’s Miller,”I’m assuming that if something raised alarms,we would hand it over to the proper authorities.”Privacy advocates fear that if the government request is upheld,it will open the door to further government examination of search behavior.One solution would be for Google to stop storing the information,but the company hopes to eventually use thepersonal information of consenting customers to improve search performance.”Search is a window into people’s personalities,”says Kurt Opsahl,an El ectronic Frontier Foundation attorney.”They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without worrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”6.When the American government asked Google,AOL,Yahoo and Microsoft to turn over information on its users’search behavior,the major intention is_________.(A)to protect national security(B)to help protect personal freedom(C)to monitor Internet pornography(D)to implement the Child Online Protection Act7.Google refused to turn over”its proprietary information”(para.2)required by DOJ as it believes that ________.(A)it is not involved in the court case(B)users’privacy is most important(C)the government has violated the First Amendment(D)search terms is the company’s busin ess secret8.The phrase”scaled back to”in the sentence”the request has been scaled back to one week’s worth of searchqueries”(para.3)can be replaced by_________.(A)maximized to(B)minimized to(C)returned to(D)reduced to9.In the sentenc e”One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case.”(para.4),the expression”sink its own case”most probably means that_________.(A)counterattack the opposition(B)lead to blocking of porn sites(C)provide evidence to disprove the case(D)give full ground to support the case10.When Kurt Opsahl says that”They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without worrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”(para.5),the expression”Big Brother”is used to refer to_________.(A)a friend or relative showing much concern(B)a colleague who is much more experienced(C)a dominating and all-powerful ruling power(D)a benevolent and democratic organizationQuestions11—15On New Y ear’s Day,50,000inmates in Kenyan jails went without lunch.This was not somemass hunger strike to highlight poor living conditions. It was an extraordinary humanitarian gesture:the money that would have been spent on their lunches went to the charity Food Aid to help feed an estimated 3.5million Kenyans who,because of a severe drought,are threatened with starvation.The drought is big news in Africa, affecting huge areas of east Africa and the Horn.If you are reading this in the west,however,you may not be aware of it—the media is not interested in old stories.Even if you do know about the drought,you may not be aware that it is devastating one group of people disproportionately: the pastoralists.There are20million nomadic or semi-nomadic herders in this region,and they are fast becoming some of the poorest people in the continent.Their plight encapsulates Africa’s perennial problem with drought and famine.How so?It comes down to the reluctance of governments,aid agencies and foreign lenders to support the herders’traditional way of life.Instead they have tended to try to turn them into commercial ranchers or agriculturalists,even though it has been demonstratedtime and again that pastoralists are well adapted to their harsh environments,and that moving livestock according to the seasons or climatic changes makes their methods far more viable than agriculture in sub-Saharan drylands. Furthermore,African pastoralist systems are often more productive,in terms of protein and cash per hectare,than Australian,American and other African ranches in similar climatic conditions.They make a substantial contribution to their countries’national economies.In Kenya,for example,the turnover of the pastoralist sector is worth $800million per year.In countries such as Burkina Faso, Eritrea and Ethiopia,hides from pastoralists’herds make up over10per cent of export earnings.Despite this productivity,pastoralists still starve andtheir animals perish when drought hits.One reason is that only a trickle of the profits goesto the herders themselves;the lion’s share is pocketed by traders.This is partly because the herders only sell much of their stock during times of drought and famine, when they need the cash to buy food,and the terms of trade in this situation never work in their favour.Another reason is the lack of investment in herding areas.Fundingbodies such as the World Bank and-USAID tried to address some of the problems in the1960s,investing millions of dollars in commercial beef and dairy production.It didn’t work.Firstly,no one bothered to consult the pastoralists about what they wanted.Secondly,rearing livestock took precedence over human progress.The policies and strategies of international development agencies more or less mirrored the thinking of their colonial predecessors.They were based on two false assumptions:that pastoralism is primitive and inefficient,which led to numerous failed schemes aimed at converting herders to modern ranching models;and that Afri ca’s drylands can support commercial ranching.They cannot.Most of Africa’s herders live in areas with unpredictable weather systems that are totally unsuited to commercial ranching.What the pastoralists need is support for their traditional lifestyle.Over the past few years,funders and policy-makers have been starting to get the message.One example is intervention by governments to ensure that pastoralists get fair prices for their cattle when they sell them in times of drought,so that they can afford to buy fodder for their remaining livestockand cereals to keep themselves and their families alive (the problem in African famines is not so much a lack of food as a lack of money to buy it).Another example is a drought early-warning system run by the Kenyan government and the World Bank that hashelped avert livestock deaths.This is all promising,but more needs to be done.Some African governments still favour forcing pastoralists to settle.They should heed the latest scientific research demonstrating the productivity of traditional cattle-herding.Ultimately,sustainable rural development in pastoralist areas will depend on increasing trade,so one thing going for them is the growing demand for livestock products:there will likely be an additional 2billion consumers worldwide by2020,the vast majority in developing countries.To ensure that pastoralists benefit,it will be crucial to give them a greater say in local policies.Other key tasks include giving a greater say to women,who play critical roles in livestock production.The rich world should pay proper attention to the plight of the pastoralists.Leaving them dependent on foreign food aid is unsustainable and will lead to moreresentment,conflict,environmental degradation and malnutrition.It is in the rich world’s interests to help out.11.Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the passage?(A)Forcing Africa’s nomadic herders to become ranchers will save them from drought.(B)The difference between pastoralist and agriculturalist is vital to the African people.(C)The rich world should give more support to the African people to overcome drought.(D)Environmental degradation should be the major concern in developing Africa’s pastoralism.12.The word”encapsulates”in the sentence”Their plight encapsulates Africa’s perennial problem with drought and famine.”(para.l)can be replaced by________.(A)concludes.(B)involves.(C)represents.(D)aggravates.13.What is the author’s attitude toward African drought and tr aditional lifestyle of pastoralism?(A)Neutral and indifferent.(B)Sympathetic and understanding.(C)Critical and vehement.(D)Subjective and fatalistic.14.When the author writes”the policies and strategies of international development agencies more or less mirrored the thinking of their colonial predecessors.”(para.4),he implies all the following EXCEPT that the aid agencies did not__________.(A)have an objective view of the situation in Africa(B)understand the unpredictable weather systems there(C)feel themselves superior in decision making(D)care about the development of the local people15.The author’s main purpose in writing this article in _________.(A)to evaluate the living conditions of Kenyan pastoralists(B)to give suggestions on the support of the traditional pastoralism in Africa(C)to illustrate the difference between commercial ranching and pastoralism(D)to criticize the colonial thinking of western aidagenciesQuestions16—20The prospects for finding life beyond Earth may be brightening.Today,scientists are reporting evidence for yet another potential habitat in our solar system:Saturn’s moon Enceladus.Scientists mining new data from the Cassini spacecraft say they may have found evidence that Enceladus—the planet’s fourth-largest moon —hosts liquid water.If the results hold up,this would bring to four the number of bodies in the solar system—including Earth—that display active volcanism.And since life as biologists know it requires liquid water and a source of energy, Enceladus would join Jupiter’s moon Europa and Saturn’s moon Titan,as well as Mars,as possible spots beyond Earth where simple forms of life may have gained or still maintain a foothold.The discovery,however,is bittersweet for many scientists.NASA’s proposed budget for fiscal calls for a50percent cut in its astrobiology program.Although the program is a tiny piece of the agency’s overall spending plan for science,it’s a significant source of money for probing fundamental questions of how and why life emerged on Earth and whetherlife arose elsewhere in the universe.A50-percent cut”is almost a going-out-of-business-level cut”in a vibrant line of research that stands as one pillar supporting President Bush’s vision for space exploration,says planetary scientist Sean Solomon,who heads the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism at the Carnegie Institution of Washington.Nevertheless,the research in today’s issue of the journal Science is the sort of thing that continues to light a fire under the field. Its report about liquid water under the icy surface of Enceladus is a”radical conclusion,”acknowledges Carolyn Porco,who leads the imaging team working with data from the Cassini orbiter.But if the team is right,”we have significantly broadened the diversity of solar-system environments”that might have rolled out the welcome mat”for living organisms,”she concludes.Images released last fall show the moon ejecting vast plumes of material near itsunexpectedly warm south pole.As the team pondered the evidence,they nixed severalexplanations,including the idea that the particles in the plumes were driven by vaporbillowing out as ice reached the surface and immediately turned into a gas.The last idea standing:Liquid water was venting from reservoirs near the surface,perhaps only tens of meters below the frigid crust.This explanation also helped solve the riddle of puzzlingly high levels of oxygen atoms found in Saturn’s neighborhood.Confirmation could come with additional flybys,if water—and perhaps life—is present,it wouldn’t be”luxuriant,”notes Jeffrey Kargel,a researcher at the University of Arizona at Tucson.It likely would face tough conditions—nasty chemicals,very low temperatures,and little energy to drive i t.Still,he adds,it’s premature to cross the moon off the list of possible”outposts”for life beyond Earth.Yet the prospect of building on these results could be dimmer with the threat of budget cuts.The proposed reductions post several challenges,researchers say.One is the loss of important financial leverage.While money for experiments and other research related to astrobiology can come from other funding agencies,such as the National Science Foundation or even the National Institutes of Health,NASA’s program often provides the crucial missing piece that turns demanding and sometimes dangerous。

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11月上海市高级口译真题A卷 一、口语题 1、Topic： The information age and the promotion of China’s modernization 2、Question for Reference： 1. What do you know about the information age？ 2. Discuss the importance of information technology to China’s modernization. 3. How could we prepare ourselves for the coming information revolution？ 二、口译题 1、Part A （英译中） Passage 1： The 20th century has seen the rise and decline of a succession of industries in the United States. The automobile industry has had to struggle to meet the challenge of foreign competition. Many new industries have appeared. Many of the currently rising industries are among what are known as high-tech industries， because of their dependence on the latest developments in technology.∥ High-tech industries tend to be highly automated and thus need fewer workers than traditional industries such as steel-making. As high-tech industries have grown and older industries have declined in recent years， the proportion of American workers employed in manufacturing has declined. Service industries—industries that sell a service rather than make a product—now dominate the economy. Passage 2： Like other degenerative diseases， heart disease is ordinarily present for a very long time in the body before obvious and drastic symptoms appear. In fact， for most young people in our country， heart often begins in their early twenties. It grows worse over the years until finally the inevitable heart attack strikes.∥ For most people the first heart attack does not come until a certain age， say their fifties or sixties. But for thousands of people every year， the first heart attack comes in the twenties and occasionally even a person in his teens may experience a serious heart attack. In this way we can say that heart disease is more dangerous to the younger generation， since they are not at all prepared for it. 2、Part B（中译英） Passage1： 欢迎各位游览东海世界公园。东海世界公园是一座集世界名胜之大成的主题公园，其规模为远东同类公园之冠。您置身于包括世界七大奇观在内的100处历史名胜与自然景观之中，一日便可游遍天下美景。∥ 园内各类微型景观的选料多为汉白玉、大理石、花岗岩等优质石料，这些景观的制作工艺精湛无比，独具匠心，其复制程度之精确，形象之逼真，足可以假乱真，令游人叹为观止。 Passage 2： 国家统计局日前对100对经济学专家进行了调查。多数专家认为上半年经济走势趋好，经济状况较理想。对于下半年的宏观经济走势，超过80%的专家预期会比上半年更好一些。∥ 所有专家都预期今年的经济增长速度将高于去年，平均预期值为8%左右。但与此同时，不少专家认为，如果没有进一步的资金投入，下半年的经济增长速度可能低于上半年。 2000年11月上海高级口译考试真题（A卷）参考答案： 1、口语题答案略 2、口译题 Part A （英译中） Passage 1： 20世纪以来，美国工业涨落不断。汽车工业不得不为迎接外国竞争的挑战而努力奋斗，出现了许多新工业。许我时新的工业都属于所谓的高科技工业，因为它们要依赖于科技上的最新发现。∥ 高科技工业趋向高自动化，这样就比诸如炼钢这样的传统工业需要更少的工人。随着高科技工业的发展以及比较老的工业在近些年来的衰退，美国制造生产线上的工人比例已经下降服务行业——不制造产品而出售服务的行业——在经济中处于主导地位。 Passage 2： 心脏病像其他退行性疾病一样，在出现明显而剧烈的症状前，会潜伏很长一段时间。其实， 我国大多数年轻人在20出头时就已经得了心脏病。病情一年年每况愈下，直到最后心脏病不可避免地发作。∥ 大部分人到了一定年龄心脏病才会第一次发作，比如说到了50多岁或60多岁。但是每一年都有数以千计的人在20多岁时就心脏病发作，有时候甚至会有人在10多岁时就发作严重的心脏病。在这个意义上，我们可以说，由于年轻人对心脏病毫无防备，这种疾病对他们更具威胁。 Part B （汉译中） Passage 1： Welcome to the Donghai World Park. The Donghai World Pak， which is the largest theme park of its kind unparalleled in the Far East， features a complete collection of the well-known world scenic spots. Surrounded by 100 sights of historical interest and natural attraction including the seven wonders of the world， you will easily fulfill you dream of touring around the world in a day.∥ The miniature replicas of the selected scenic sights were constructed out of top grade stones of white jade， marble and granite， all boasting exquisite workmanship and ingenious design. The tourists will find themselves engrossed in an involuntary admiration of the dazzling arrays of the exact scenic reproductions that are unbelievably true to the original. Passage 2： The National Bureau of Statistics has conducted a survey among one hundred Chinese economists. Most of them think that the economic trends during the first half of the year were favorable and the economic situation is quite ideal. With regards to the macroeconomic trends for the second half， over 80% of those polled predicted that the second half would be better than the first half.∥ With regards to China’s economic growth this year， all experts predict a higher figure than that of last year， the average forecast being about 8%. However， at the same time， many experts argue that without a new round of infusion of funds， the economic growth rate of the second half could be lower than that of the first half.