初中英语语法形容词的比较级知识点讲解及专项练习
一、用法
1. 表示两个人或事物作比较时,形容词要用比较级形式,形容词比较级之后常用than 引出比较的对象。
例:This pen is longer than that one.
这支钢笔比那支长。
New York is bigger than Cambridge.
纽约比剑桥大。
2. 表示两者之间的选择,意为“哪一个更……”。
例:Who is taller, Lily or Lucy?
莉莉和露西相比,谁更高?
二、形容词比较级的变化
1. 规则变化
变化规则例词
一般在形容词词尾加-er。tall-taller
以不发音的字母e 结尾的形容词,只在词尾加-r。late-later
以“辅音字母加y”结尾的形容词,先把y 变为i,再加-er。busy-busier
fat-fatter摇big-bigger
以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的形容词,
须先双写这个辅音字母再加-er。
2. 不规则变化
原形比较级原形比较级
good, well better many, much more
bad/ ill worse old older/ elder
little less far farther/ further
三、形容词比较级前的修饰词
在英语中常修饰比较级的词汇有:much, a lot, a little, even, far 等。
例:Believe me, you really look much better than before.
相信我,你看起来真的比以前好多了。
He is a lot taller than me. 他比我高很多。
They went there a little later than others.他们比其他人去的稍微晚一点儿。
It’s even bigger than an island.它甚至比一座岛屿都大。
He is far stronger than his brother.他比他哥哥强壮得多。
四、比较级的常见句型
用法例句
(1)双方比较,表示一方超过另一方时,用“比较级+than”结构。China is larger than Italy.中国比意大利大。
(2)倍数+ 比较级+ than The box is three times bigger than that one. 这
个箱子比那个箱子大三倍。
(3)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.我们的国家正变得越来越强大。
(4)“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,就越……”。The more, the better.多多益善。
(5)the+比较级+of the two+名词复数The taller of the two boys is my brother. 两个
男孩中较高的那一个是我的哥哥。
比较级的使用原则:
(1)自身不进行比较,排除自己的方法是使用any other。
例:He is taller than any other boy in his class. (不能去掉other)
他比他班里的其他任何男孩都高。
(2)比较的对象必须是同类的人或事物。
例:My name is longer than yours. (不能将yours 写成you)
我的名字比你的名字长。
同步专练
1. This picture is ______ than that one.
A. beautiful
B. more beautiful
C. most beautiful
D. the most beautiful
2. These flowers are ______ than those ones.
A. much beautiful
B. much more beautiful
C. very beautiful
D. as beautiful
3. The Changjiang River is one of ______ rivers in the world.
A. long
B. longer
C. longest
D. the longest
4. Kate is much earlier than ______.
A. I
B. me
C. my
D. mine
5. I think it is ______ older than yesterday.
A. very
B. much too
C. much
D. quite
6. This film is_____ interesting than that one.
A. more
B. much
C. very
D. the most
7. --Your English is very good.
--But my brother learns it much______ than I do.
A. good
B. well
C. better
D. best
8. Don't worry. Your mother will get_______ .
A. well and well
B. better and better
C. well and better
D. good and well
9. Egypt is one of________ in the world.
A. the oldest country
B. the oldest countries
C. much older country
D. much older countries
10. The girl doesn't run________ the boy.
A. much faster as
B. as faster as
C. more fast than
D. so fast as
11. --Mum, I think I'm _____to get back to school.
--Not really, my dear. You'd better stay at home for another day or two.
A. so well
B. so good
C. well enough
D. good enough
12. The students are ____ young people between the age of sixteen and twenty.
A. most
B. almost
C. mostly
D. almostly
13. She told us ____story that we all forgot about the time.
A. such an interesting
B. such interesting
C. so an interesting
D. a so interesting
14. Jack's ____brother is _____than him.
A. old; elder
B. elder; older
C. old; eld
D. elder; younger
15. They all looked at the master ____and felt quite_____.
A. sad; sad
B. sadly; sad
C. sad; sadly
D. sadly; sadly
答案
1. B beautiful为多音节形容词,其比较级要用more,故选B。
2. B than前用比较级,beautiful一词是多音节词,它的比较级是more beautiful,另外形容词比较级前可以用much等词修饰,故选B。
3. D "one of…"是"……之一"的意思,常用形容词最高级表示,且后面跟名词复数形式,故选D。
4. A 比较级句式中所比事物要属同一类,根据这一原则,句中主语为人,而
C、D选项为表所属关系的物主代词,因此可排除。A、B为人称代词,且都可用于than后,此时要用这一原理即在比较级中如人称代词的主格和宾格同时出现,要选主格,故选A。
5. C 在英语中,much, even, a little, still可修饰形容词,副词的比较级,而very, very much, much too, quite, too 等程度副词只能修饰形容词,副词的原级,故选C。
6. A 在英语中,两者进行比较,强调"一方比另一方……",可使用"形容词/副词的比较级+than" 结构;三者或三者以上进行比较时,应使用最高级。根据题意,本题应选用比较级,故A 项是正确答案。
7. C
8. B 表示"越来越……" 可以采用" 比较级+比较级"或"more and more+原级"的结构,如果是单音节的形容词或副词,则用前一结构;如果是多音节词,则可以用后一种结构,故本题的正确答案是B。
9. B
10. D 在英语中,可以使用"as…as"表示"两者在某方面一样";用"not so/as……as"表示"两者在某方面不一样",以上两种结构都必须使用形容词或副词的原级。由以上分析可知本题的D 项最符合题意。
11. C 知道这里指的是身体好,应该用形容词well,注意well只有在表示"身体健康状况"时是形容词,答案在A和C中选择。So well要与that从句连用,而well enough与动词不定式连用,表示"非常健康,可以……",所以答案为C。
12. C mostly是副词,意思是"主要地",修饰整个句子。全句意思是:学生们主要是16岁到20岁之间的年轻人。
13. A
14. B elder指家人的长幼排行;older指人的实际年龄大小比较。
15. B 副词sadly难过地,修饰look at;而形容词sad难过作feel的表语。