考研英语全真冲刺模拟试题(6)
Section ⅠUse of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
It is generally recognized in the world that the second Gulf War in Iraq is a crucial test of high-speed web. For decades, Americans have anxiously 1 each war through a new communication 2, from the early silent film of World War I to the 24-hour cable news 3 of the first Persian Gulf War.
Now, 4 bombs exploding in Baghdad, a sudden increase in wartime 5 for online news has become a central test of the 6 of high-speed Internet connections. It is also a good 7 both to attract user https://www.doczj.com/doc/9512534906.html,/kcnet1480/ to online media 8 and to persuade them to pay for the material they find there, 9 the value of the Cable News Network persuaded millions to 10 to cable during the last war in Iraq.
11 by a steady rise over the last 18 months in the number of people with high-speed Internet 12, now at more than 70 million in the United States, the web sites of many of the major news organizations have 13 assembled a novel collage (拼贴) of 14 video, audio reports, photography collections, animated weaponry 15, interactive maps and other new digital reportage.
These Internet services are 16 on the remarkable abundance of sounds and images 17 from video cameras 18 on Baghdad and journalists traveling with troops. And they have found a 19 audience of American office workers 20 their computers during the early combat. (245 words)
1. [A] notified [B] publicized [C] followed[D] pursued
2. [A] means[B] medium[C] method [D]measure
3. [A] coverage[B] publication [C] convention [D] conveyance
4. [A] during[B] in [C] as [D] with
5. [A] report [B] demand[C] concern[D] prospect
6. [A] ability [B] chance [C] potential [D] power
7. [A] opportunity [B] perspective [C] message [D] response
8. [A] outlets [B] resources[C] circumstances[D] positions
9. [A] for all that[B] now that [C] just as[D] as if
10. [A] subject[B] contribute[C] apply [D] subscribe
11. [A] Discouraged [B] Inspired [C] Impressed[D] Effected
12. [A] approach [B] usage[C] application[D] access
13. [A] radically [B] plausibly [C] orderly[D] hastily
14. [A] living[B] alive[C] live [D] lively
15. [A] destruction [B] displays [C] installation [D] contest
16. [A] capitalizing [B] embarking[C] broadcasting[D] operating
17. [A] accessible [B] desirable [C] feasible[D] available
18. [A] focused[B] rested [C] reckoned [D] depended
19. [A] continuous [B] perpetual[C] captive [D] temporary
20. [A] with [B] at [C] beside[D] near
Section ⅡReading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)
Text1
Of all the areas of learning the most important is the development of attitudes: emotional reactions as well as logical thought processes affect the behavior of most people. “The burnt child fears the fire” is one instance; another is the rise of despots
like Hitler. Both these examples also point up the fact that attitudes come from experience. In the https://www.doczj.com/doc/9512534906.html,/kcnet1480/one case the experience was direct and impressive; in the other it was indirect and cumulative. The Nazis were influenced largely by the speeches they heard and the books they read.
The classroom teacher in the elementary school is in a strategic position to influence attitudes. This is true partly because children acquire attitudes from those adults whose words are highly regarded by them.
Another reason it is true is that pupils often devote their time to a subject in school that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to them before. To a child who had previously acquired little knowledge of Mexico his teacher s method of handling such a unit would greatly affect his attitude toward Mexicans.
The media through which the teacher can develop wholesome attitudes are innumerable. Social studies (with special reference to races, creeds and nationalities), science matters of health and safety, the very atmosphere of the classroom... these are a few of the fertile fields for the inculcation of proper emotional reactions.
However, when children go to school with undesirable attitudes, it is unwise for the teacher to attempt to change their feelings by cajoling or scolding them. She can achieve the proper effect by helping them obtain constructive experiences.
To illustrate, first-grade pupils afraid of policemen will probably alter their attitudes after a classroom chat with the neighborhood officer in which he explains how he protects them. In the same way, a class of older children can develop attitudes through discussion, research, outside reading and all-day trips.
Finally, a teacher must constantly evaluate her own attitudes, because her influence can be negative if she has personal prejudices. This is especially true in respect to controversial issues and questions on which children should be encouraged to reach their own decision as a result of objective analysis of all the facts. (377 words)
Notes: point up (=emphasize)强调，突出。touch upon 触及。creed 信条，教义。inculcation谆谆教诲。cajoling 哄骗。
21. Which of the following best describes the organization of the first paragraph of the text?
[A] An assertion is made and two examples are given to illustrate it.
[B] A controversy is stated and two opposite points of view are presented.
[C] A widely accepted definition is presented and two men are described.
[D] An idea is stated and two results of recent research are summarized.
22. The central idea conveyed in the above text is that
[A] attitudes affect our actions.
[B] teachers play a significant role in developing or reshaping pupils attitudes.
[C] attitudes can be modified by some classroom experiences.
[D] by their attitudes, teachers don't affect pupils' attitudes deliberately.
23. In paragraph 6 the author implies that
[A] the teacher should guide all discussions by revealing her own attitude.
[B] in some aspects of social studies a greater variety of methods can be used in the upper grades than in the lower grades.
[C] people usually act on the basis of reasoning rather than on emotion.
[D] children's attitudes often come from those of other children.
24. A statement not made or implied in the text is that
[A] attitudes can be based on the learning of untrue statements.
[B] worthwhile attitudes may be developed in practically every subject area.
[C] attitudes cannot easily be changed by rewards and lectures.
[D] the attitudes of elementary school-aged children are influenced primarily by the way they were treated as infants.
25. The text specially states that
[A] direct experiences are more valuable than indirect ones.
[B] whatever attitudes a child learns in school have already been introduced at home.
[C] teachers can sometimes have an unwholesome influence on children.
[D] teachers should always conceal their own attitudes.
Text2
An industrial society, especially one as centralized and concentrated as that of Britain, is heavily dependent on certain essential services: for instance, electricity supply,
water, rail and road transport, and harbors. The area of dependency has widened to include removing rubbish, hospital and ambulance services, and, as the economy develops, central computer and information services as well. If any of these services ceases to operate, the whole economic system is in danger.
It is this economic interdependency of the economic system which makes the power of trade unions such an important issue. Single trade unions have the ability to cut off many countries' economic blood supply. This can happen more easily in Britain than in some other countries, in part because the labor force is highly organized. About 55 percent of British workers belong to unions, compared to under a quarter in the United States. For historical reasons, Britain's unions have tended to develop along trade and occupational lines, rather than on an industry-by-industry basis, which makes a wages policy, democracy in industry and the improvement of procedure for fixing wage levels difficult to achieve.
There are considerable strains and tensions in the trade union movement, some of them arising from their outdated and inefficient structure. Some unions have lost many members because of their industrial changes. Others are involved in arguments about who should represent workers in new trades. Unions for skilled trades are separate from general unions, which means that different levels of wages for certain jobs are often a source of bad feeling between unions. In traditional trades which are being pushed out of existence by advancing technologies, unions can fight for their members disappointing jobs to the point where the jobs of other union members are threatened or destroyed. The printing of newspapers both in the United States and in Britain has frequently been halted by the efforts of printers to hold on to their traditional highly-paid jobs.
Trade unions have problems of internal communication just as managers in companies do, problems which multiply in very large unions or in those which bring workers in very different industries together into a single general union. Some trade union officials have to be re-elected regularly; others are elected, or even appointed, for life. Trade union officials have to work with a system of “shop stewards” in many unions, “shop stewards” being workers elected by other workers as their representatives at factory or works level. (411 words)
26. Why is the interdependence of the UK economy mentioned in paragraph 1?
[A] To point up the importance of the trade union power.
[B] To outline in brief the great scale of essential services.
[C] To illustrate the danger in the whole economic system.
[D] To bring out a centralized and concentrated industrial society.
27. Because of their out-of-date organization some unions find it difficult to
[A] recruit new members to join.
[B] remold themselves as industries change.
[C] adapt to advancing technologies.
[D] bargain for high enough wages.
28. Disagreements arise between unions because some of them
[A] take over other unions' jobs.
[B] try to win over members of other unions.
[C] protect their own members at the expense of others.
[D] intend to represent workers in new trade organizations.
29. What basic problem are we told most trade unions face?
[A] They are equal in size of influence.
[B] They are less powerful than ever before.
[C] They don't have enough members.
[D] They are not organized efficiently.
30. The title which best expresses the idea of the text would be
[A] British Trade Unions and Their Drawbacks.
[B] A Centralized and Concentrated Society.
[C] The Power of Trade Unions in Britain.
[D] The Structure of British Trade Unions.
考研英语段落排序题全真模拟练习一 Directions: The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-E to fill in each numbered box. The first and the last paragraphs have been placed for you in Boxes. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. [A] On the first Monday after the second Wednesday in December, the electors who have been chosen in November assemble in their respective state capitals to signal their preference. The future president and vice-president must receive at least 270 electoral votes, a majority of the total of 538, to win. Members of the electoral college have the moral, but not the legal, obligation to vote for the candidate who won the popular vote in their state. This moral imperative, plus the fact that electors are members of the same political party as the presidential candidate winning the popular vote, ensures that the outcome in the electoral college is a valid reflection of the popular vote in November. [B] It is even possible for someone to win the popular vote, yet lost the presidency to another candidate. How? It has to do with the electoral college. [C] The electoral college was created in response to a problem encountered during the Constitutional Convention of 1787, where delegates were trying to determine the best way to choose the president. The framers of the Constitution intended that the electors, a body of men chosen for their wisdom, should come together and choose on behalf of the people. In fact, the swift rise of political parties guaranteed that the electoral of the people. In fact, the swift rise of political guaranteed that the electoral system never worked as the framers had intended; instead, national parties, i. e. nationwide alliances of local interests, quickly came to dominate the election campaigns. The electors became mere figureheads representing the state branches of the parties who got them chosen, and their votes were predetermined and predictable. [D] How are the electors chosen? Although there is some variation among states in how electors are appointed, generally they are chosen by the popular vote, always on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November. Each political party in a state chooses a state of local worthies to be members of the electoral college if the party’s presidential candidate wins at least a plurality of the popular vote in the state. [E] How is the number of electors decided? Every state has one elector for each senator and representative it sends to Congress. States with greater populations therefore have more electors in the electoral college. All states have at least 3 electors, but California, the most populous state, has 54. The District of Columbia, though not a state, is also allowed to send three electors.
——参考范本—— 【资格考试】2019最新整理-考研英语模拟试题1（一） ______年______月______日 ____________________部门
Section ⅠUse of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) The fitness movement that began in the late 1960s and early 1970s centered around aerobic exercise. Millions of individuals became 1 in a variety of aerobic activities, and 2 thousands of health spas 3 around the country to capitalize on his 4 interest in fitness, particularly aerobic dancing for females. A number of fitness spas existed 5 to this aerobic fitness movement, even a national chain with spas in most major cities. However, their 6 was not on aerobics, 7 on weight-training programs designed to develop muscular mass, 8 , and endurance in their primarily male 9 . These fitness spas did not seem to benefit 10 from the aerobic fitness movement to better health, since medical opinion suggested that weight-training programs 11 few, if 12, health benefits. In recent years, however, weight training has again become increasingly 13 for males and for females. Many 14 programs focus not only on developing muscular strength and endurance but on aerobic fitness as well. 15, most physical fitness tests have usually included measures of muscular strength and endurance, not for health
考研英语二模拟试题及答案解析（7） (1~20/共20题)Section ⅠUse of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. Do people get happier or more foul-tempered as they age? Stereotypes of irritable neighbors__1__, scientists have been trying to answer this question for decades, and the results have been__2__Now a study of several thousand Americans born between 1885 and 1980 reveals that well-being__3__increases with age—but overall happiness__4__when a person was born. __5__studies that have__6__older adults with the middle-aged and young have sometimes found that older adults are not as happy. But these studies could not__7__whether their__8__was because of their age or because of their__9__life experience. The new study, published online January 24 in Psychological Science ,__10__out the answer by examining 30 years of data on thousands of Americans, including__11__measures of mood and well-being, reports of job and relationship success, and objective measures of health. The researchers found, after controlling for variables__12__health, wealth, gender, ethnicity and education, that well-being increases over everyone′s lifetime.__13__people who have lived through extreme hardship, such as the Great Depression,__14__much less happy than those who have had more__15__lives. This finding helps to__16__why past studies have found conflicting results—experience__17__, and tough times can__18__an entire generation′s happiness for the rest of their lives. The__19__news is,__20__we′ve lived through, we can all look forward to feeling more content as we age. 第1题 A.alike B.alongside C.aside D.besides 第2题 A.conflicting B.worrying C.revealing D.appealing 第3题 A.accordingly B.indeed C.hence D.nevertheless 第4题 A.resides with B.rests with C.depends on D.reckons on 第5题
考生注意事项 1. 考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则。 2. 答题前，考生应按准考证上的有关内容填写答题卡上的“考生姓名”、“报考单位”、“考生编号”等信息。 3. 答案必须按要求填涂或写在指定的答题卡上。 (1) 英语知识运用、阅读理解A节、B节的答案填涂在答题卡1上。填涂部分应该按照答题卡上的要求用2B铅笔完成。如要改动，必须用橡皮擦干净。 (2) 阅读理解部分C节的答案和作文必须用(蓝)黑色字迹钢笔、圆珠笔或签字笔在答题卡2上作答。字迹要清楚。 4. 考试结束，将答题卡1、答题卡2及试题一并装入试题袋中交回。 考试时间 满分180分钟100分得分 Section ⅠUse of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) It is generally recognized in the world that the second Gulf War in Iraq is a cr ucial test of high-speed web. For decades, Americans have anxiously 1 each war t hrough a new communication 2, from the early silent film of World War I to the 24 -hour cable news 3 of the first Persian Gulf War. Now, 4 bombs exploding in Baghdad, a sudden increase in wartime 5 for onlin e news has become a central test of the 6 of high-speed Internet connections. It i s also a good 7 both to attract users to online media 8 and to persuade them to pay for the material they find there, 9 the value of the Cable News Network persu aded millions to 10 to cable during the last war in Iraq. 11 by a steady rise over the last 18 months in the number of people with hig h-speed Internet 12, now at more than 70 million in the United States, the web sit es of many of the major news organizations have 13 assembled a novel collage (拼贴) of 14 video, audio reports, photography collections, animated weaponry 15, i nteractive maps and other new digital reportage.
考研英语（一）模拟试卷207 (总分：144.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00) 1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ Europe's biggest countries were once among the biggest anywhere. In 1950, four of the world's ten most 【C1】______ states were in western Europe. But decades of falling birth rates have 【C2】______ slow population growth in Europe. By 2017, Europe's most populous country【C3】______ just 16th globally. The continent's birth rate is now so low that the total population in many European countries has begun to 【C4】______. One solution is to attract foreigners. Eurostat said that the region's population rose in 2016【C5】______ immigration. The number of births and deaths were equal at 5.1m, while net migration 【C6】______ the population to 511.8m. In 13 【C7】______ its 28 member countries, more people died than were born last year. 【C8】______ not all saw their populations fall. A large intake of migrants to Germany meant that populations there still 【C9】______ grow. By 2050, Eurostat estimates that only Ireland, France, Norway and Britain would see their populations rise 【C10】______ migration. 【C11】______ , Germany and Italy need migrants badly. 【C12】______migration does continue, Eurostat's central forecast 【C13】______ that Germany will still only maintain its current population. Even 【C14】______ migration at current levels is unlikely to prevent most eastern and Mediterranean countries 【C15】______ shrinking. The former group has been losing people 【C16】______ the break-up of the Soviet Union. 【C17】______ those countries joined the EU, large shares of their populations emigrated to richer EU member countries to work. For those who leave, the freedom to live and work is an immense boon. But the countries 【C18】______ they were raised face a hard task. They must attract and 【C19】______ new workers, increase their birth rates, or learn to 【C20】______ a declining population.（分数：40.00） (1).【C1】（分数：2.00） A.powerful B.populous C.wealthy D.prosperous (2).【C2】（分数：2.00） A.resulted in B.stemmed from C.contributed to D.influenced by (3).【C3】（分数：2.00） A.rated B.ranged C.ranked D.stood (4).【C4】（分数：2.00） A.diminish B.decline C.dwindle D.drop (5).【C5】（分数：2.00） A.apart from
2010考研英语（二）模拟试卷 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word（s）for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.（10 points） Among the thousands of business schools now operating around the world you would be hard-pressed to find one that doesn't believe it can teach the skills of entrepreneurship. However, of the people who immediately 1 to mind when one thinks of entrepreneurs——Bill Gates, Richard Branson or Oprah Winfrey, for example—few have done more than 2 a speech at a business school. 3 , a recent study by King's College in London has suggested what many intuitively 4 : that entrepreneurship may actually be in the blood—more to do with genes than classroom experience. All of which 5 the question—does an entrepreneur really need a business-school education? Not surprisingly some of the best-known schools in the field have a 6 answer to this: they don't actually profess to create entrepreneurs, 7 they nurture innate ability. Or as Timothy Faley of the entrepreneurial institute at Michigan's Ross School of Business 8 it: “A good idea is not enough. You need to know how to 9 a good idea into a good business.” Schools do this in a number of ways. One is to 10 that faculty are a mix of classic academics and businesspeople with experience of 11 their own successful firms. They can also create “incubators” where students 12 ideas and rub shoulders on a day-to-day basis with the external business world, receiving both advice and hard cash in the form of investment. Arguably such help is now more important than ever. The modern entrepreneur is faced with a more 13 world than when Richard Branson began by selling records out of a phone box. According to Patrice Houdayer, head of one of Europe's best-known entrepreneurship schools, EMIYON in France, new businesses used to move through a 14 series of growth steps—what he terms garage, local, national and international. Now however, 15 the communications revolution, they can leapfrog these stages and go global more or less straightaway—encountering a whole new 16 of problems and challenges. In this 17 Professor Houdayer maintains that the increasingly 18 nature of MBA classes can help the nascent entrepreneur in three ways: by plugging them into an international network of contacts and advisors, by preparing them for the pitfalls and opportunities 19 with dealing across different cultures and by 20 them to the different ways that business is conducted around the globe.
英语（二）模拟试题 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET . (10 points) Facebook has been 1 with fire and has got its fingers burned, again. On November 29th America’s Federal Trade Commission (FTC) announced that it had reached a 2 settlement with the giant social network over 3 that it had misled people about its use of their personal data. The details of the settlement make clear that Facebook, which 4 over 800m users, betrayed its users’ trust. It is also notable because it appears to be part of a broader 5 by the FTC to craft a new privacy framework to deal with the rapid 6 of social networks in America. The regulator’s findin gs come at a 7 moment for Facebook, which is said to be preparing for an initial public offering next year that could value it at around $100 billion. To 8 the way for its listing, the firm first needs to resolve its privacy 9 with regulators in America and Europe. 10 its willingness to negotiate the settlement 11 this week. Announcing the agreement, the FTC said it had found a number of cases where Facebook had made claims that were “unfair and deceptive, and 12 federal law”. For instance, it 13 personally identifiable information to advertisers, and it failed to keep a promise to make photos and videos on deleted accounts 14 . The settlement does not 15 an admission by Facebook that it has broken the law, but it deeply 16 the company nonetheless. In a blog post published the same day, Mark Zuckerberg, Facebook’s boss, tried to17 the impact of the deal. First he claimed that “a small number of high-profile mistakes” were 18 the social network’s “good history” on privac y. The FTC is not relying on Facebook to police itself. Among other things, the company will now have to seek consumers’ approval before it changes the way it shares their data. And it has agreed to an independent privacy audit every two years for the next 20 years. There is a clear pattern here. In separate cases over the past couple of years the FTC has insisted that Twitter and Google accept regular 19 audits, too, after each firm was accused of violating its customers’ privacy. The intent seems to be to create a regulatory regime that is tighter than the status quo, 20 one that still gives social networks plenty of room to innovate. 1. [A] setting [B] playing [C] lighting [D] turning 2. [A] craft [B] documentary [C] trade [D] draft 3. [A] verdicts [B] allegations [C] rumors [D] affirmation 4. [A] boasts [B] exaggerates [C] estimates [D] assesses 5. [A] impulse [B] initiative [C] innovation [D] motion 6. [A] increase [B] elevation [C] rise [D] appearance 7. [A] indispensable [B] essential [C] critical [D] fundamental 8. [A] steer [B] clear [C] lay [D] remove 9. [A] controversy [B] competition [C] dispute [D] compromise
博士研究生入学考试英语全真模拟试题及详解（12） SECTION I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (20%) （略） SECTION ⅡSTRUCTUREAND VOCABULARY (35%) Part A Directions: Questions 31-40 are incomplete sentences. Beneath each sentence you will see four words or phrases, marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Then blacken your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. 31. Typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent ______. A. it is the American antelope C. being the American antelope B. is the American antelope D. the American antelope is 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这个大陆草地典型居住者是美洲羚羊。本句是倒装句结构。 32. In order to remain in existence ______ must, in the long run, produce something consumers consider useful or desirable. A. a profit-making organization
[考研类试卷]考研英语（一）模拟试卷154 一、Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 Being fat is bad for you.【B1】______that, almost everyone agrees. It is just possible,【B2】______, that almost everyone is wrong. In fact, getting fat may be a mechanism that【B3】______the body. The health problems【B4】______with fatness may not be caused by it but be another【B5】______, another symptom, of overeating. That is the【B6】______of Roger Unger and Philip Scherer. Dr. Unger and Dr. Scherer have been reviewing the science of what has come to be known as metabolic syndrome. This is a cluster of symptoms such as high blood【B7】______, insulin resistance and fatness that seem to increase the【B8】______of heart disease and strokes, diabetes and liver disease. "Syndrome" is the medical term for a(n) 【B9】______of symptoms whose common cause is not【B10】______understood. The symptom of metabolic syndrome that appears first is usually【B11】______, so this is generally 【B12】______as the underlying cause. Dr. Unger and Dr. Scherer,【B13】______, turn this logic on its head. They point out that there is usually a period of many years between a person becoming【B14】 ______and his developing the other【B15】______. If the growth of adipose tissue(the body cells in which fat is stored)were【B16】______harmful, that would not be the 【B17】______. This is one of the lines of evidence that has led them to the conclusion that,【B18】______its role in storing energy as a hedge against future famine, getting fat is a protective mechanism【B19】______metabolic syndrome. Their thesis is that lipids(the group of molecules that includes fats), which are needed in small amounts to make cell membranes, are toxic in larger quantities.【B20】 ______them into adipose tissue is one of the body's ways of dealing with that toxicity. 1 【B1】 （A）In （B）At