里根在复旦的演讲稿 英汉对照版 全

英汉翻译讲座（复旦大学讲义I、上次课外练习参考译文：我们正面临着一个新时代。

随你怎么称呼它：服务经济也好，信息时代也好，知识社会也好，一句话，都说明了我们工作方式的根本变化。

事实上我们已经开始进入这个时代。

西方社会依靠制造产品谋生的人数比例急剧下降了。

今天，在美洲、欧洲和日本，大多数人（这些国家中有许多国家已高达三分之二以上）从事服务业，而且人数还在增加。

跟从前相比，妇女从业的人数增加了，兼职工作增加了，个体经营者增加了。

但是，经济变革幅度的衡量不能只凭数字，因为经济变革同时也引发了对工作本质的全新思维。

有关工作和职业生涯、获得成功所必须的技能、乃至个人与雇主的关系，种种传统的观念正在受到挑战。

我们只要回顾从前，就可以对未来有所了解。

没有那一位展望未来20年的人能够预料到硅片这样一项发明，因其在个人电脑、数字通讯和工业机器人中的应用，会给我们的世界带来的种种变化。

明天在生物技术、人工智能或者有些迄今为止甚至难以想象的技术方面所取得的成就，可能会引起类似的急剧变化。

但有一点是肯定的：信息和知识将变得更加重要，而拥有信息和知识的人们，无论他们从事制造业或者服务业，将会具有优势并创造财富，计算机技术将与读写能力一样成为一种基本要求。

运用信息解决问题的能力，而不是日常工作的完成，将尤其受到重视。

展望未来10年，信息服务将支配一切，将成为你的工作方式。

II、英汉翻译原理第三讲：怎样理解原文？（续）四、要通过吃透词语含义进行理解：【例45】 While many women are comfortable being close and sharing secrets, men often struggle to express their emotions in relationship with other men.×虽然许多女人对与他人亲密无间，分享秘密感到舒坦，而男人却经常刻求在与其他男人的关系中表达感情。

里根第二次就职演讲里根第二次就职演讲篇一：总统演讲分析--里根第二次就职演讲分析美国总统里根第二次就职演讲分析 Shan Cheng 摘要：为美国总统里根的第二次就职演说，因为其属于总统演讲，所以有其特定的语篇模式，这是由西方的修辞思维与表达模式决定的。

完美的英语演讲不仅要求演讲者英语流、而且要求演讲语篇布局合理，突出西方的修辞思维与表达模式的特点。

为了有效地用英语进行演讲，我们必须保证开头段落的新颖与独特吸引力，结尾段落做到呼应和强调，主体要点形成合理的布局，段落语句之间衔接自然流畅。

试图从语篇模式以及一些系统功能的角度对美国总统里根第二次就职演说进行分析，以揭示演讲文体的意义以及其语篇、语言的体现。

关键词：总统演讲；合理布局；语篇模式；引言随着英语国际地位的提高与其影响力的与日俱增，英语演讲也逐渐进入到社会生活的方方面面。

其作为一种独特的语体，在世界各地经久不衰，表现了顽强的生命力。

演讲作为一门艺术，一种交际,一种传播和教育手段在当今社会仍发挥着巨大的作用。

但国人用英语演讲时往往受中国固定思维模式的影响，虽然英语讲得漂亮很流利，语句也很通顺，但所表达的意思往往不被西方人认同和接受。

其中一个原因就是国人在用英语表达和演讲时没有遵循英语演讲语篇的模式，而是毫无逻辑地用中式思维模式表达自己的观点。

一、英语演讲语篇的基本模式及其概念英语演讲的语篇构成有三大部分：Introdution，Bod，Conlusion。

Introdution 的功能为吸引听众、引起关注、建立演讲者的信誉、简述演讲主体中的要点。

Bod，即演讲的主体部分。

演讲者可以根据演讲的主题按不同的模式组织布局。

如可以根据时间、空间顺序可以遵循因果顺序、问题和方式顺序；亦可以将演讲主题细分为几个分点进行阐述。

演讲的主体部分将在第二部分详述。

同时，演讲的结尾部分也应当是演讲的高潮部分，演讲者需要总结演讲的主旨和意图，并以一种使听众产生共鸣的方式来升华主题，并与 introdution相呼应，给听众一种心理上的统一感。

大家好！今天，我站在这里，有幸与大家共同见证这个庄严而神圣的时刻。

我感到无比激动和自豪，因为我有幸成为这个伟大国家的总统，有机会为我们的国家和人民贡献自己的力量。

首先，我要向那些为我国繁荣富强付出辛勤努力的广大劳动者表示崇高的敬意！正是因为你们的努力，我们的国家才能在世界舞台上崭露头角，赢得尊重。

同时，我也要向那些为我国科技、教育、文化等领域做出卓越贡献的专家学者们表示衷心的感谢！在这个充满挑战和机遇的时代，我们面临着诸多困难和问题。

然而，我相信，只要我们紧密团结在党的周围，坚定信念，奋发向前，就一定能够战胜一切困难，实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦。

今天，我想与大家分享一些我个人的经历和感悟，希望能够给大家带来一些启示和力量。

一、坚定信念，勇往直前我出生在一个普通的家庭，从小生活在农村。

那时候，我国正处在改革开放初期，人民生活水平普遍较低。

然而，我从小就怀揣着对美好生活的向往，立志要为国家和人民作出贡献。

在成长的过程中，我遇到了很多困难和挫折。

但是，每当我遇到困难时，我都会告诉自己：“只要心中有信念，勇往直前，就一定能够战胜一切！”正是这种信念，让我在逆境中不断成长，最终走上了政治舞台。

二、勤奋学习，充实自己在我的职业生涯中，我深知知识的重要性。

因此，我始终坚持勤奋学习，充实自己。

我相信，只有不断学习，才能跟上时代的步伐，才能更好地为国家和人民服务。

在我国改革开放的过程中，我亲眼见证了科技、教育、文化等领域的飞速发展。

这些成就的取得，离不开广大人民群众的辛勤付出，更离不开我国坚持科教兴国战略的坚定决心。

三、团结协作，共创辉煌一个国家的繁荣昌盛，离不开全体人民的共同努力。

在过去的几十年里，我国人民团结一心，克服了一个又一个困难，取得了举世瞩目的成就。

团结协作，是中华民族的传统美德。

在新的历史时期，我们要继续发扬这种精神，携手共进，共创辉煌。

我相信，只要我们心往一处想，劲往一处使，就一定能够实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦。

January 20, 1981Senator Hatfield, Mr. Chief Justice, Mr. President, Vice president Bush, Vice President Mondale, Senator Baker, Speaker O'Neill, Reverend Moomaw, and my fellow citizens:To a few of us here today, this is a solemn and most momentous occasion; and yet, in the history of our Nation, it is a commonplace occurrence. The orderly transfer of authority as called for in the Constitution routinely takes place as it has for almost two centuries and few of us stop to think how unique we really are. In the eyes of many in the world, this every-4-year ceremony we accept as normal is nothing less than a miracle.Mr. President, I want our fellow citizens to know how much you did to carry on this tradition. By your gracious cooperation in the transition process, you have shown a watching world that we are a united people pledged to maintaining a political system which guarantees individual liberty to a greater degree than any other, and I thank you and your people for all your help in maintaining the continuity which is the bulwark of our Republic.The business of our nation goes forward. These United States are confronted with an economic affliction of great proportions. We suffer from the longest and one of the worst sustained inflations in our national history. It distorts our economic decisions, penalizes thrift, and crushes the struggling young and the fixed- income elderly alike. It threatens to shatter the lives of millions of our people.Idle industries have cast workers into unemployment, causing human misery and personal indignity. Those who do work are denied a fair return for their labor by a tax system which penalizes successful achievement and keeps us from maintaining full productivity.But great as our tax burden is, it has not kept pace with public spending. For decades, we have piled deficit upon deficit, mortgaging our future and our children's future for the temporary convenience of the present. To continue this long trend is to guarantee tremendous social, cultural, political, and economic upheavals.You and I, as individuals, can, by borrowing, live beyond our means, but for only a limited period of time. Why, then, should we think that collectively, as a nation, we are not bound by that same limitation?We must act today in order to preserve tomorrow. And let there be nomisunderstanding--we are going to begin to act, beginning today.◆The economic ills we suffer have come upon us over several decades.They will not go away in days, weeks, or months, but they will go away. ◆They will go away because we, as Americans, have the capacity now, as we have had in the past, to do whatever needs to be done to preserve this last and greatest bastion of freedom.In this present crisis, government is not the solution to our problem.From time to time, we have been tempted to believe that society has become too complex to be managed by self-rule, that government by an elite group is superior to government for, by, and of the people. But if no one among us is capable of governing himself, then who among us has the capacity to govern someone else? All of us together, in and out of government, must bear the burden. The solutions we seek must be equitable, with no one group singled out to pay a higher price.We hear much of special interest groups. Our concern must be for a special interest group that has been too long neglected. It knows no sectional boundaries or ethnic and racial divisions, and it crosses political party lines. It is made up of men and women who raise our food, patrol our streets, man our mines and our factories, teach our children, keep our homes, and heal us when we are sick--professionals, industrialists, shopkeepers, clerks, cabbies, and truckdrivers. They are, in short, "We the people," this breed called Americans.Well, this administration's objective will be a healthy, vigorous, growing economy that provides equal opportunity for all Americans, with no barriers born of bigotry or discrimination. Putting America back to work means putting all Americans back to work. Ending inflation means freeing all Americans from the terror of runaway living costs. All must share in the productive work of this "new beginning" and all must share in the bounty of a revived economy. With the idealism and fair play which are the core of our system and our strength, we can have a strong and prosperous America at peace with itself and the world.So, as we begin, let us take inventory. We are a nation that has a government--not the other way around. And this makes us special among the nations of the Earth. Our Government has no power except that granted it by the people. It is time to check and reverse the growth of government which shows signs of having grown beyond the consent of the governed.It is my intention to curb the size and influence of the Federal establishment and to demand recognition of the distinction between the powers granted to the Federal Government and those reserved to the States or to the people. All of us need to be reminded that the Federal Government did not create the States; the States created the Federal Government.Now, so there will be no misunderstanding, it is not my intention to do away with government. It is, rather, to make it work-work with us, not over us; to stand by our side, not ride on our back. Government can and must provide opportunity, not smother it; foster productivity, not stifle it.If we look to the answer as to why, for so many years, we achieved so much, prospered as no other people on Earth, it was because here, in this land, we unleashed the energy and individual genius of man to a greater extent than has ever been done before. Freedom and the dignity of the individual have been more available and assured here than in any other place on Earth. The price for this freedom at times has been high, but we have never been unwilling to pay that price.It is no coincidence that our present troubles parallel and are proportionate to the intervention and intrusion in our lives that result from unnecessary and excessive growth of government. It is time for us to realize that we are too great a nation to limit ourselves to small dreams. We are not, as some would have us believe, loomed to an inevitable decline. I do not believe in a fate that will all on us no matter what we do. I do believe in a fate that will fall on us if we do nothing. So, with all the creative energy at our command, let us begin an era of national renewal. Let us renew our determination, our courage, and our strength. And let us renew; our faith and our hope.We have every right to dream heroic dreams. Those who say that we are in a time when there are no heroes just don't know where to look. You can see heroes every day going in and out of factory gates. Others, a handful in number, produce enough food to feed all of us and then the world beyond. You meet heroes across a counter--and they are on both sides of that counter. There are entrepreneurs with faith in themselves and faith in an idea who create new jobs, new wealth and opportunity. They are individuals and families whose taxes support the Government and whose voluntary gifts support church, charity, culture, art, and education. Their patriotism is quiet but deep. Their values sustain our national life.I have used the words "they" and "their" in speaking of these heroes. I could say "you" and "your" because I am addressing the heroes of whom Ispeak--you, the citizens of this blessed land. Your dreams, your hopes, your goals are going to be the dreams, the hopes, and the goals of this administration, so help me God.We shall reflect the compassion that is so much a part of your makeup. How can we love our country and not love our countrymen, and loving them, reach out a hand when they fall, heal them when they are sick, and provide opportunities to make them self- sufficient so they will be equal in fact and not just in theory?Can we solve the problems confronting us? Well, the answer is an unequivocal and emphatic "yes." To paraphrase Winston Churchill, I did not take the oath I have just taken with the intention of presiding over the dissolution of the world's strongest economy.In the days ahead I will propose removing the roadblocks that have slowed our economy and reduced productivity. Steps will be taken aimed at restoring the balance between the various levels of government. Progress may be slow--measured in inches and feet, not miles--but we will progress. Is it time to reawaken this industrial giant, to get government back within its means, and to lighten our punitive tax burden. And these will be our first priorities, and on these principles, there will be no compromise.On the eve of our struggle for independence a man who might have been one of the greatest among the Founding Fathers, Dr. Joseph Warren, President of the Massachusetts Congress, said to his fellow Americans, "Our country is in danger, but not to be despaired of.... On you depend the fortunes of America. You are to decide the important questions upon which rests the happiness and the liberty of millions yet unborn. Act worthy of yourselves."Well, I believe we, the Americans of today, are ready to act worthy of ourselves, ready to do what must be done to ensure happiness and liberty for ourselves, our children and our children's children.And as we renew ourselves here in our own land, we will be seen as having greater strength throughout the world. We will again be the exemplar of freedom and a beacon of hope for those who do not now have freedom.To those neighbors and allies who share our freedom, we will strengthen our historic ties and assure them of our support and firm commitment. We will match loyalty with loyalty. We will strive for mutually beneficial relations. We will not use our friendship to impose on their sovereignty, for or own sovereignty is not for sale.As for the enemies of freedom, those who are potential adversaries, they will be reminded that peace is the highest aspiration of the American people. We will negotiate for it, sacrifice for it; we will not surrender for it--now or ever.Our forbearance should never be misunderstood. Our reluctance for conflict should not be misjudged as a failure of will. When action is required to preserve our national security, we will act. We will maintain sufficient strength to prevail if need be, knowing that if we do so we have the best chance of never having to use that strength.Above all, we must realize that no arsenal, or no weapon in the arsenals of the world, is so formidable as the will and moral courage of free men and women. It is a weapon our adversaries in today's world do not have. It is a weapon that we as Americans do have. Let that be understood by those who practice terrorism and prey upon their neighbors.I am told that tens of thousands of prayer meetings are being held on this day, and for that I am deeply grateful. We are a nation under God, and I believe God intended for us to be free. It would be fitting and good, I think, if on each Inauguration Day in future years it should be declared a day of prayer.This is the first time in history that this ceremony has been held, as you have been told, on this West Front of the Capitol. Standing here, one faces a magnificent vista, opening up on this city's special beauty and history. At the end of this open mall are those shrines to the giants on whose shoulders we stand.Directly in front of me, the monument to a monumental man: George Washington, Father of our country. A man of humility who came to greatness reluctantly. He led America out of revolutionary victory into infant nationhood. Off to one side, the stately memorial to Thomas Jefferson. The Declaration of Independence flames with his eloquence.And then beyond the Reflecting Pool the dignified columns of the Lincoln Memorial. Whoever would understand in his heart the meaning of America will find it in the life of Abraham Lincoln.Beyond those monuments to heroism is the Potomac River, and on the far shore the sloping hills of Arlington National Cemetery with its row on row of simple white markers bearing crosses or Stars of David. They add up to only a tiny fraction of the price that has been paid for our freedom.Each one of those markers is a monument to the kinds of hero I spoke of earlier. Their lives ended in places called Belleau Wood, The Argonne, Omaha Beach, Salerno and halfway around the world on Guadalcanal, Tarawa, Pork Chop Hill, the Chosin Reservoir, and in a hundred rice paddies and jungles of a place called Vietnam.Under one such marker lies a young man--Martin Treptow--who left his job in a small town barber shop in 1917 to go to France with the famed Rainbow Division. There, on the western front, he was killed trying to carry a message between battalions under heavy artillery fire.We are told that on his body was found a diary. On the flyleaf under the heading, "My Pledge," he had written these words: "America must win this war. Therefore, I will work, I will save, I will sacrifice, I will endure, I will fight cheerfully and do my utmost, as if the issue of the whole struggle depended on me alone."The crisis we are facing today does not require of us the kind of sacrifice that Martin Treptow and so many thousands of others were called upon to make. It does require, however, our best effort, and our willingness to believe in ourselves and to believe in our capacity to perform great deeds; to believe that together, with God's help, we can and will resolve the problems which now confront us.And, after all, why shouldn't we believe that? We are Americans. God bless you, and thank you.议员海特菲尔德先生、法官先生、总统先生、副总统布什、蒙代尔先生、议员贝克先生、发言人奥尼尔先生、尊敬的摩麦先生，以及广大支持我的美国同胞们：今天对于我们中间的一些人来说，是一个非常庄严隆重的时刻。

复旦名教授英译汉翻译讲义1-6第一篇：复旦名教授英译汉翻译讲义1-6复旦名教授英译汉翻译讲义1Unit 1I.英汉翻译原理第一讲：什么是翻译？【例1】The history of a tree from the time it starts in the forest until the boards which it yields are used, would form an interesting and, in many instances, an exciting story.（“×”号表示译文有问题，下同）×树的历史开始于森林中，直到生产为木板后被使用为止，成为一个有趣且有许多事例的激动人心的故事。

上面这句话的原文实际上主要说了两点内容：1、树的历史的起迄时间2、树的历史是怎样一回事【译文】一棵树，从它在森林中生长起直到被制成木板使用为止，这段历史会构成一个饶有趣味的故事，在很多情况下这个故事十分激动人心。

【例2】There are two regulatory systems which interact.One timing system comes from the evidence of our senses and stomachs, and the periodicity we experience when living in a particular time zone.×有两个调节系统相互作用。

一个定时系统来自于我们的感官和胃的证明，就是当我们生活在一个特定的时区所经历的周期性。

【译文】人体有两个相互作用的时间调节系统。

一个时间调节系统依据感官和胃发出的信息，依据我们生活在某个时区所体验的周期性规律。

寻找对等词语和结构然后将其串接成句的翻译方法，常表现如下：1、简单语句的译文虽然生硬，但基本可读。

如：【例3】I can see three different types of composers in musical history, each of whom creates music in a somewhat different fashion.【错误】我能看到音乐史上有三种不同的作曲家，他们中每一个人以某种不同的方式创作音乐。

Ronald ReaganJanuary 28, 1986Printer-Friendly VersionLadies and Gentlemen, I’d planned to speak to you tonight to report on the state of the Union, but the events of earlier today have led me to change those plans. Today is a day for mourning and remembering. Nancy and I are pained to the core by the tragedy of the shuttle Challenger. We know we share this pain with all of the people of our country. This is truly a national loss.Nineteen years ago, almost to the day, we lost three astronauts in a terrible accident on the ground. But, we’ve never lost an astronaut in flight; we’ve never had a tragedy like this. And perhaps we’ve forgotten the courage it took for the crew of the shuttle; but they, the Challenger Seven, were aware of the dangers, but overcame them and did their jobs brilliantly. We mourn seven heroes: Michael Smith, Dick Scobee, Judith Resnik, Ronald McNair, Ellison Onizuka, Gregory Jarvis, and Christa McAuliffe. We mourn their loss as a nation together.For the families of the seven, we cannot bear, as you do, the full impact of this tragedy. But we feel the loss, and we’re thinking about you so very much. Your loved ones were daring and brave, and they had that special grace, that special spirit that says, "give me a challenge and I’ll meet it with joy." They had a hunger to explore the universe and discover its truths. They wished to serve, and they did. They served all of us.We’ve grown used to wonders in this century. It’s hard to dazzle us. But for twenty-five years the United States space program has been doing just that. We’ve grown used to the idea of space, and perhaps we forget that we’ve only just begun. We’re still pioneers. They, the member of the Challenger crew, were pioneers.And I want to say something to the schoolchildren of America who were watching the live coverage of the shuttle’s takeoff. I know it is hard to understand, but sometimes painful things like this happen. It’s all part of the process of exploration and discovery. It’s all part of taking a chance and expanding man’s horizons. The future doesn’t belong to the fainthearted; it belongs to the brave. The Challenger crew was pulling us into the future, and we’ll continue to follow them.I’ve always had great faith in and respect for our space program, and what happened today does nothing to diminish it. We don’t hide our space program. We don’t keep secrets and cover things up. We do it all up front and in public. That’s the way freedom is, and we wouldn’t change it for a minute. We’llcontinue our quest in space. There will be more shuttle flights and more shuttle crews and, yes, more volunteers, more civilians, more teachers in space. Nothing ends here; our hopes and our journeys continue. I want to add that I wish I could talk to every man and woman who works for NASA or who worked on this mission and tell them: "Your dedication and professionalism have moved an impressed us for decades. And we know of your anguish. We share it."There’s a coincidence today. On this day 390 years ago, the great expl orer Sir Francis Drake died aboard ship off the coast of Panama. In his lifetime the great frontiers were the oceans, and a historian later said, "He lived by the sea, died on it, and was buried in it." Well, today we can say of the challenger crew: Their dedication was, like Drake’s, complete.The crew of the space shuttle Challenger honored us by the manner in which they lived their lives. We will never forget them, nor the last time we saw them, this morning, as they prepared for the journey and waved goodbye and "slipped the surly bonds of earth" to "touch the face of God."--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Three days later, President Reagan delivered the following remarks at a memorial service held in Houston following the Challenger disaster, Jan. 31, 1986.We come together today to mourn the loss of seven brave Americans, to share the grief we all feel and, perhaps in that sharing, to find the strength to bear our sorrow and the courage to look for the seeds of hope.Our nation’s loss is first a profound personal loss to the family and the friends and loved ones of our shuttle astronauts. To those they have left behind - the mothers, the fathers, the husbands and wives, brothers, sisters, and yes, especially the children - all of America stands beside you in your time of sorrow.What we say today is only an inadequate expression of what we carry in our hearts. Words pale in the shadow of grief; they seem insufficient even to measure the brave sacrifice of those you loved and we so admired. Their truest testimony will not be in the words we speak, but in the way they led their lives and in the way they lost those lives - with dedication, honor and an unquenchable desire to explore this mysterious and beautiful universe.The best we can do is remember our seven astronauts - our ChallengerSeven - remember them as they lived, bringing life and love and joy to those who knew them and pride to a nation.They came from all parts of this great country - from South Carolina to Washington State; Ohio to Mohawk, New York; Hawaii to North Carolina to Concord, New Hampshire. They were so different, yet in their mission, their quest, they held so much in common.We remember Dick Scobee, the commander who spoke the last words we heard from the space shuttle Challenger. He served as a fighter pilot in Vietnam, earning many medals for bravery, and later as a test pilot of advanced aircraft before joining the space program. Danger was a familiar companion to Commander Scobee.We remember Michael Smith, who earned enough medals as a combat pilot to cover his chest, including the Navy Distinguished Flying Cross, three Air Medals - and the Vietnamese Cross of Gallantry with Silver Star, in gratitude from a nation that he fought to keep free.We remember Judith Resnik, known as J.R. to her friends, always smiling, always eager to make a contribution, finding beauty in the music she played on her piano in her off-hours.We remember Ellison Onizuka, who, as a child running barefoot through the coffee fields and macadamia groves of Hawaii, dreamed of someday traveling to the Moon. Being an Eagle Scout, he said, had helped him soar to the impressive achievement of his career.We remember Ronald McNair, who said that he learned perseverance in the cotton fields of South Carolina. His dream was to live aboard the space station, performing experiments and playing his saxophone in the weightlessness of space; Ron, we will miss your saxophone and we will build your space station.We remember Gregory Jarvis. On that ill-fated flight he was carrying with him a flag of his university in Buffalo, New York - a small token he said, to the people who unlocked his future.We remember Christa McAuliffe, who captured the imagination of the entire nation, inspiring us with her pluck, her restless spirit of discovery; a teacher, not just to her students, but to an entire people, instilling us all with the excitement of this journey we ride into the future.We will always remember them, these skilled professionals, scientists and adventurers, these artists and teachers and family men and women, and we will cherish each of their stories - stories of triumph and bravery, stories of true American heroes.On the day of the disaster, our nation held a vigil by our television sets. In one cruel moment, our exhilaration turned to horror; we waited and watched and tried to make sense of what we had seen. That night, I listened to a call-in program on the radio: people of every age spoke of their sadness and the pride they felt in `our astronauts.’ Across America, we are reaching out, holding hands, finding comfort in one another.The sacrifice of your loved ones has stirred the soul of our nation and, through the pain, our hearts have been opened to a profound truth - the future is not free, the story of all human progress is one of a struggle against all odds. We learned again that this America, which Abraham Lincoln called the last best hope of man on Earth, was built on heroism and noble sacrifice. It was built by men and women like our seven star voyagers, who answered a call beyond duty, who gave more than was expected or required, and who gave it with little thought to worldly reward.We think back to the pioneers of an earlier century, and the sturdy souls who took their families and the belongings and set out into the frontier of the American West. Often, they met with terrible hardship. Along the Oregon Trail you can still see the grave markers of those who fell on the way. But grief only steeled them to the journey ahead.Today, the frontier is space and the boundaries of human knowledge. Sometimes, when we reach for the stars, we fall short. But we must pick ourselves up again and press on despite the pain. Our nation is indeed fortunate that we can still draw on immense reservoirs of courage, character and fortitude - that we are still blessed with heroes like those of the space shuttle Challenger.Dick Scobee knew that every launching of a space shuttle is a technological miracle. And he said, if something ever does go wrong, I hope that doesn’t mean the end to the space shuttle program. Every family member I talked to asked specifically that we continue the program, that that is what their departed loved one would want above all else. We will not disappoint them. Today, we promise Dick Scobee and his crew that their dream lives on; that the future they worked so hard to build will become reality. The dedicated men and women of NASA have lost seven members of their family. Still, they too,must forge ahead, with a space program that is effective, safe and efficient, but bold and committed.Man will continue his conquest of space. To reach out for new goals and ever greater achievements - that is the way we shall commemorate our seven Challenger heroes.Dick, Mike, Judy, El, Ron, Greg and Christa - your families and your country mourn your passing. We bid you goodbye. We will never forget you. For those who knew you well and loved you, the pain will be deep and enduring. A nation, too, will long feel the loss of her seven sons and daughters, her seven good friends. We can find consolation only in faith, for we know in our hearts that you who flew so high and so proud now make your home beyond the stars, safe in God’s prom ise of eternal life.May God bless you all and give you comfort in this difficult time.Ronald ReaganJanuary 28, 1986Printer-Friendly Version中文今天，我们聚集在一起，沉痛地哀悼我们失去的七位勇敢的公民，共同分担内心的悲痛，或许在相互间的安慰中，我们能够得到承受痛苦的力量并坚定追求理想的信念。

里根就挑站者号航天飞机失事悲剧英语演讲稿：哀思已过，迎来新的未来Ladies and gentlemen,It is with heavy hearts that we gather today to remember the tragic loss of the Space Shuttle Challenger and its crew, including our nation's first teacher in space, Christa McAuliffe. On January 28th, 1986, as the shuttle was taking off, it exploded 73 seconds into its flight, killing allseven crew members on board. This event shook our nation and the world, as we mourned the loss of brave astronauts who had dedicated their lives to exploring the unknown.But today, as we gather to remember this historic tragedy, we also want to reflect on the lessons we learned from the incident and the progress we have made since then. We must recognize the bravery of those who have gone before us, butwe must also look ahead, to a new era of space explorationand discovery.The Challenger disaster was a wake-up call for our nation. It was a reminder that space exploration is dangerous and complicated, and that we must never take it for granted. Butit also showed us the importance of perseverance and resilience in the face of adversity. Despite the tragedy, NASA continued its mission to explore space and has achieved extraordinary feats over the past few decades, including the construction and operation of the International Space Station and multiple Mars missions.Today, NASA and other space agencies are working toward the next frontier in human space exploration: sending humans to Mars. This mission will require unprecedentedtechnological advancements and political will, but it is achievable. We have already made great strides in this area, including the successful landing of the Mars Perseverance rover earlier this year.But we must also remember that space exploration is a collective endeavor. It requires the collaboration and support of governments, private companies, and international partners. We must continue to build international partnerships and share knowledge and resources to ensure the success of future missions.As we remember the Challenger and its crew today, we must also honor their legacy by continuing to explore space andpush the boundaries of human knowledge. We must recognize the importance of space exploration for our economy, our security, and our understanding of the universe we live in.In conclusion, let us never forget the sacrifice of those who have given their lives in the pursuit of human space exploration. Let us honor their legacy by pushing forward and continuing to explore the unknown. And let us work togetherto ensure that future generations can look back on our timeas the era that marked the beginning of humanity's journey to the stars. Thank you.。

里根就挑站者号航天飞机失事悲剧英语演讲稿：悼念先烈，铭记历史，勇攀高峰Ladies and gentlemen,It is with a heavy heart that we gather here today to pay our respects to the brave souls that lost their lives on the Challenger space shuttle on January 28th, 1986. The loss ofthe Challenger and its crew was a devastating blow to our nation, to the scientific community, and to everyone who dreamt of setting foot in the stars.On that day, Commander Francis R. Scobee, Pilot Michael J. Smith, Mission Specialist Ronald McNair, Mission Specialist Ellison Onizuka, Teacher-in-Space Payload Specialist Christa McAuliffe, Mission Specialist Gregory Jarvis, and Payload Specialist Judith A. Resnik lost their lives in acatastrophic explosion that shook the world to its core. They embodied the spirit of exploration and adventure, and their sacrifice will never be forgotten.The loss of the Challenger was not just a tragedy, it was a wake-up call. It reminded us that space travel is fraught with danger, and that we must never take for granted thechallenges of exploring the unknown. At the same time, it reminded us of the indomitable human spirit, the courage of those who venture into the unknown, and the importance of relentless innovation and progress.Although the Challenger disaster highlighted the risks involved in space travel, it also inspired us to redouble our efforts to conquer the final frontier. As President Ronald Reagan said in his address to the nation in the aftermath of the tragedy, 鈥淲e will never forget them, nor the last time we saw them, this morning, as they prepared for their journey and waved goodbye and 鈥榮lipped the surly bonds of Earth鈥?to 鈥榯ouch the face of God鈥?鈥?We owe it to the Challenger crew, and to all those who have sacrificed their lives in pursuit of the stars, to continue our push forward. We must honor their legacy by investing in space exploration, by pushing the boundaries of science, and by inspiring future generations to reach for the stars.In the words of Christa McAuliffe, 鈥淚 touch the future;I teach.鈥?The Challenger crew did not die in vain. They showed us what we are capable of achieving, and what we must continue to struggle and sacrifice for. We must never forgettheir courage and dedication, and we must honor their memory by striving for greatness, for ourselves, and for humanity.In conclusion, let us take a moment to remember the Challenger crew and to honor their memory. Let us rededicate ourselves to the pursuit of knowledge, to the exploration of the unknown, and to the eternal quest for understanding and progress. May their spirits live on in all of us, as we continue to reach for the stars. Thank you.。

The President’s Town Hall in Shanghai（奥巴马上海复旦演讲）Hello, ladies and gentlemen, good afternoon. I am very honored to have the chance to go to Shanghai to talk with you, I would like to thank Fudan University Yangjiao Zhang, for his hospitality and warm welcome. I would also like to thank our excellent ambassador Hongbo Pei, he is our strong ties between the two countries. I do not know just what to say, but I hope that he very well.诸位下午好。

我感到很荣幸能够有机会到上海跟你们交谈，我要感谢复旦大学的杨校长，感谢他的款待和热情的欢迎。

我还想感谢我们出色的大使洪博培，他是我们两国间深厚的纽带。

我不知道他刚才说什么，但是希望他说得很好。

Today I prepare such, do first a introduction, I really want do is answering here problem not only answered here student problems also available online get some problems from here some students and Hongbo Pei Ambassadors behalf questions. I am sorry, my English is far better than your English, so I look forward to a dialogue with you. This is my first visit to China, I saw the breadth of the country that you feel very excited. Here in Shanghai, we have seen remarkable growth, high-rise towers, busy streets, as well as entrepreneurial spirit. These are all signs of China entered the 21st century, let me praise. At the same time I am also eager to see us show the Chinese ancient monuments, tomorrow and the day after tomorrow I will go to Beijing to see magnificent Forbidden City and the breathtaking Great Wall, the country only has a rich history, there are high hopes for the future belief.我今天准备这样，先做一个开场白，我真正希望做的是回答在座的问题，不但回答在座的学生问题，同时还可以从网上得到一些问题，由在座的一些学生和洪博培大使代为提问。

奥巴马复旦大学演讲稿奥巴马复旦行发言稿(中英对照) 我感到很荣幸能够有机会到上海跟你们交谈,我要感谢复旦大学的杨校长,感谢他的款待和热情的欢迎.我还想感谢我们出色的大使洪博培,他是我们两国间深厚的纽带.我不知道他刚敢于说什么,但是希望他说得很好.WhatI"dliketodoistomakesomeopeningments,andthenwhatI"mreallylookin gforwardtodoingistakingquestions,notonlyfromstudentswhoareintheaudien ce,butalsowe"vereceivedquestionsonline,whichwillbeaskedbysomeofthestu dentswhoarehereintheaudience,aswellasbyAmbassadorHuntsman.AndIamverys orrythatmyChineseisnotasgoodasyourEnglish,.butIamlookingforwardtothischancetohaveadialogue.我今天准备这样,先做一个开场白,我真正希望做的是回答在座的问题,不但回答在座的学生问题,同时还可以从网上得到一些问题,由在座的一些学生和洪博培大使代为提问.很抱歉,我的中文远不如你们的英文,所以我期待和你们的对话.ThisismyfirsttimetravelingtoChina,andI'mexcitedtoseethismajesticco untry.Here,inShanghai,weseethegrowththathascaughttheattentionofthewor ld--thesoaringskyscrapers,thebustlingstreetsandentrepreneurialactivit y.AndjustasI'mimpressedbythesesignsofChina'sjourneytothe21stcentury,I 'meagertoseethoseancientplacesthatspeaktousfromChina'sdistantpast.Tom orrowandthenextdayIhopetohaveachancewhenI'minBeijingtoseethemajestyof theForbiddenCityandthewonderoftheGreatWall.Truly,thisisanationthatenp assesbotharichhistoryandabeliefinthepromiseofthefuture.这是我首次访问中国,我看到你们博大的国家,感到很兴奋.在上海这里,我们看到了瞩目的增长,高耸的塔楼,繁忙的街道,还有企业家的精神.这些都是中国步入21世纪的迹象,让我感到赞叹.同时我也急切的要看到向我们展现中国古老的古迹,明天和后天我要到北京去看雄伟壮丽的故宫和令人叹为观止的长城,这个国度既有丰富的历史,又有对未来憧憬的信念.Thesamecanbesaidoftherelationshipbetweenourtwocountries.Shanghai,ofcourse,isacitythathasgreatmeaninginthehistoryoftherelationshipbetwee ntheUnitedStatesandChina.Itwashere,37yearsago,thattheShanghaimuniqueo penedthedoortoanewchapterofengagementbetweenourgovernmentsandamongour people.However,America'stiestothiscity--andtothiscountry--stretchback further,totheearliestdaysofAmerica'sindependence.而我们两国的关系也是如此,上海在美中关系的历史中是个具有意义的重大城市,在30年前,《上海公报》打开了我们两国政府和两国人民接触交往的新的篇章.不过美国与这个国家的纽带可以追溯更久远的过去,追溯到美国独立的初期.In1784,ourfoundingfather,GeorgeWashington,missionedtheEmpressofChi na,ashipthatsetsailfortheseshoressothatitcouldpursuetradewiththeQingD ynasty.Washingtonwantedtoseetheshipcarrytheflagaroundtheglobe,andtofo rgenewtieswithnationslikeChina.ThisisamonAmericanimpulse--thedesireto reachfornewhorizons,andtoforgenewpartnershipsthataremutuallybeneficia l.乔治-华盛顿组织了皇后号的下水仪式,这个船成功前往大清王朝,华盛顿希望看到这艘船前往各地,与中国结成新的纽带.希望中国开辟新的地平线,建立新的伙伴关系.Overthetwocenturiesthathavefollowed,thecurrentsofhistoryhavesteere dtherelationshipbetweenourcountriesinmanydirections.Andeveninthemidst oftumultuouswinds,ourpeoplehadopportunitiestoforgedeepandevendramatic ties.Forinstance,Americanswillneverforgetthehospitalityshowntoourpilo tswhowereshotdownoveryoursoilduringWorldWarII,andcaredforbyChineseciv ilianswhoriskedallthattheyhadbydoingso.AndChineseveteransofthatwarsti llwarmlygreetthoseAmericanveteranswhoreturntothesiteswheretheyfoughtt ohelpliberateChinafromoccupation.在其后的两个世纪中,历史洪流使我们两国关系向许多不同的方向发展,而即使在最动荡的方向中,我们的两国人民打造深的,甚至有戏剧性的纽带,比如美国人永远不会忘记,在二战期间,美国飞行员在中国上空被击落后,当地人民对他们的款待,中国公民冒着失去一切的危险罩着他们.而参加二战的老兵仍然欢迎故地重游的美国老兵,他们在那里参战.Adifferentkindofconnectionwasmadenearly40yearsagowhenthefrostbetwe enourcountriesbegantothawthroughthesimplegameoftabletennis.Theveryunl ikelynatureofthisengagementcontributedtoitssuccess--becauseforallourd ifferences,bothourmonhumanityandoursharedcuriositywererevealed.AsoneA mericanplayerdescribedhisvisittoChina--\America,butstillverydifferent .\40年前,我们两国间开启了又一种联系,两国关系开始解冻,通过乒乓球的比赛解冻关系.我们两国之间有着分歧,但是我们也有着共同的人性及有着共同的好奇,就像一位乒乓球运动员一样,那时的国家就是一样.OfcoursethissmallopeningwasfollowedbytheachievementoftheShanghaimu nique,andtheeventualestablishmentofformalrelationsbetweentheUnitedSta tesandChinain1979.Andinthreedecades,justlookathowfarwehavee.。

里根就挑站者号航天飞机失事悲剧英语演讲稿：挑战还未结束，我们不能停下Ladies and gentlemen,Today, we gather here to remember the tragic loss of the crew of Challenger, a space shuttle launched by NASA on January 28, 1986. On board the shuttle were seven brave astronauts, including Christa McAuliffe, who was the first private citizen to be selected to travel to space. However, the shuttle disintegrated 73 seconds after launch, killingall aboard.The loss of Challenger was a turning point in the history of space exploration. The world watched in horror as the shuttle exploded on live television. It was a wake-up callfor NASA and the entire space community. It reminded us of the dangers and risks associated with space exploration, but also of the courage and bravery of those who venture into the unknown.The loss of Challenger was not only a tragedy, but also a challenge. It was a challenge to NASA and the space community to learn from the mistakes and never let such a tragedyhappen again. It was a challenge to continue the pursuit of exploration and discovery, while ensuring the safety of astronauts and the success of missions.And we have risen up to that challenge. In the aftermath of Challenger, NASA instituted numerous safety measures and conducted an exhaustive investigation to identify the root cause of the accident. It took almost three years to resume shuttle launches, but when they did, they were safer and more successful than ever before.Since then, we have continued to push the boundaries of space exploration. We have sent probes to the far reaches of our solar system and beyond. We have built the International Space Station, a marvel of engineering and international cooperation. We have sent rovers to Mars and explored the moons of Jupiter and Saturn. We have made remarkablescientific discoveries and expanded our knowledge of the universe.But the challenge is not over. The journey to explore space is an ongoing one, and there will be setbacks and tragedies along the way. Just last week, we witnessed anothertragedy, as Virgin Galactic's SpaceShipTwo crashed during a test flight, killing one pilot and injuring the other.But we cannot let these tragedies deter us from pursuing our dreams and aspirations. We owe it to the victims andtheir families to learn from these accidents and make our missions safer. We owe it to the future generations tocontinue the journey and expand our knowledge of the universe.The loss of Challenger was a tragic reminder of the risks and dangers of space exploration, but also a testament to the courage and spirit of those who dare to venture into the unknown. Let us remember the crew of Challenger and honortheir legacy by continuing to push the boundaries of exploration, with safety and success as our guidingprinciples.Thank you.。

1957 Second Inaugural Address of Dwight D. EisenhowerMONDAY, JANUARY 21, 1957THE PRICE OF PEACEMr. Chairman, Mr. Vice President, Mr. Chief Justice, Mr. Speaker, members of my family and friends, my countrymen, and the friends of my country, wherever they may be, we meet again, as upon a like moment four years ago, and again you have witnessed my solemn oath of service to you.I, too, am a witness, today testifying in your name to the principles and purposes to which we, as a people, are pledged.Before all else, we seek, upon our common labor as a nation, the blessings of Almighty God. And the hopes in our hearts fashion the deepest prayers of our whole people.May we pursue the right--without self-righteousness.Inaugural Address USA Page: 45 /243历届美国总统就职演说1789-2001May we know unity--without conformity.May we grow in strength--without pride in self.May we, in our dealings with all peoples of the earth, ever speak truth and serve justice.And so shall America--in the sight of all men of good will--prove true to the honorable purposes that bind and rule us as a people in all this time of trial through which we pass.We live in a land of plenty, but rarely has this earth known such peril as today.In our nation work and wealth abound. Our population grows. Commerce crowds our rivers and rails, our skies, harbors, and highways. Our soil is fertile, our agriculture productive. The air rings with the song of our industry--rolling mills and blast furnaces, dynamos, dams, and assembly lines--the chorus of America the bountiful.This is our home--yet this is not the whole of our world. For our world is where our full destiny lies--with men, of all people, and all nations, who are or would be free. And for them--and so for us--this is no time of ease or of rest.In too much of the earth there is want, discord, danger. New forces and new nations stir and strive across the earth, with power to bring, by their fate, great good or great evil to the free world's future. From the deserts of North Africa to the islands of the South Pacific one third of all mankind has entered upon an historic struggle for a new freedom; freedom from grinding poverty. Across all continents, nearly a billion people seek, sometimes almost in desperation, for the skills and knowledge and assistance by which they may satisfy from their own resources, the material wants common to all mankind.No nation, however old or great, escapes this tempest of change and turmoil. Some, impoverished by the recent World War, seek to restore their means of livelihood. In the heart of Europe, Germany still stands tragically divided. So is the whole continent divided. And so, too, is all the world.The divisive force is International Communism and the power that it controls.The designs of that power, dark in purpose, are clear in practice. It strives to seal forever the fate of those it has enslaved. It strives to break the ties that unite the free. And it strives to capture--to exploit for its own greater power--all forces of change in the world, especially the needs of the hungry and the hopes of the oppressed.Yet the world of International Communism has itself been shaken by a fierce and mighty force: the readiness of men who love freedom to pledge their lives to that love. Through the night of their bondage, the unconquerable will of heroes has struck with the swift, sharp thrust of lightning.Inaugural Address USA Page: 46 /243历届美国总统就职演说1789-2001Budapest is no longer merely the name of a city; henceforth it is a new and shining symbol of man's yearning to be free.Thus across all the globe there harshly blow the winds of change. And, we--though fortunate be our lot--know that we can never turn our backs to them.We look upon this shaken earth, and we declare our firm and fixed purpose--the building of a peace with justice in a world where moral law prevails.The building of such a peace is a bold and solemn purpose. To proclaim it is easy. To serve it will be hard. And to attain it, we must be aware of its full meaning--and ready to pay its full price.We know clearly what we seek, and why.We seek peace, knowing that peace is the climate of freedom. And now, as in no other age, we seek it because we have been warned, by the power of modern weapons, that peace may be the only climate possible for human life itself.Yet this peace we seek cannot be born of fear alone: it must be rooted in the lives of nations. There must be justice, sensed and shared by all peoples, for, without justice the world can know only a tense and unstable truce. There must be law, steadily invoked and respected by all nations, for without law, the world promises only such meager justice as the pity of the strong upon the weak. But the law of which we speak, comprehending the values of freedom, affirms the equality of all nations, great and small.Splendid as can be the blessings of such a peace, high will be its cost: in toil patiently sustained, in help honorably given, in sacrifice calmly borne.We are called to meet the price of this peace.To counter the threat of those who seek to rule by force, we must pay the costs of our own needed military strength, and help to build the security of others.We must use our skills and knowledge and, at times, our substance, to help others rise from misery,however far the scene of suffering may be from our shores. For wherever in the world a people knows desperate want, there must appear at least the spark of hope, the hope of progress--or there will surely rise at last the flames of conflict.We recognize and accept our own deep involvement in the destiny of men everywhere. We areaccordingly pledged to honor, and to strive to fortify, the authority of the United Nations. For in that body rests the best hope of our age for the assertion of that law by which all nations may live in dignity.And, beyond this general resolve, we are called to act a responsible role in the world's greatInaugural Address USA Page: 47 /243历届美国总统就职演说1789-2001concerns or conflicts--whether they touch upon the affairs of a vast region, the fate of an island in the Pacific, or the use of a canal in the Middle East. Only in respecting the hopes and cultures of others will we practice the equality of all nations. Only as we show willingness and wisdom in giving counsel--in receiving counsel--and in sharing burdens, will we wisely perform the work of peace.For one truth must rule all we think and all we do. No people can live to itself alone. The unity of all who dwell in freedom is their only sure defense. The economic need of all nations--in mutual dependence--makes isolation an impossibility; not even America's prosperity could long survive if other nations did not also prosper. No nation can longer be a fortress, lone and strong and safe. And any people, seeking such shelter for themselves, can now build only their own prison.Our pledge to these principles is constant, because we believe in their rightness.We do not fear this world of change. America is no stranger to much of its spirit. Everywhere we see the seeds of the same growth that America itself has known. The American experiment has, for generations, fired the passion and the courage of millions elsewhere seeking freedom, equality, and opportunity. And the American story of material progress has helped excite the longing of all needy peoples for some satisfaction of their human wants. These hopes that we have helped to inspire, we can help to fulfill.In this confidence, we speak plainly to all peoples.We cherish our friendship with all nations that are or would be free. We respect, no less, their independence. And when, in time of want or peril, they ask our help, they may honorably receive it; for we no more seek to buy their sovereignty than we would sell our own. Sovereignty is never bartered among freemen.We honor the aspirations of those nations which, now captive, long for freedom. We seek neither their military alliance nor any artificial imitation of our society. And they can know the warmth of the welcome that awaits them when, as must be, they join again the ranks of freedom.We honor, no less in this divided world than in a less tormented time, the people of Russia. We do not dread, rather do we welcome, their progress in education and industry. We wish them success in their demands for more intellectual freedom, greater security before their own laws, fuller enjoyment of the rewards of their own toil. For as such things come to pass, the more certain will be the coming of that day when our peoples may freely meet in friendship.So we voice our hope and our belief that we can help to heal this divided world. Thus may the nations cease to live in trembling before the menace of force. Thus may the weight of fear and theweight of arms be taken from the burdened shoulders of mankind.This, nothing less, is the labor to which we are called and our strength dedicated. Inaugural Address USA Page: 48 /243历届美国总统就职演说1789-2001And so the prayer of our people carries far beyond our own frontiers, to the wide world of our duty and our destiny.May the light of freedom, coming to all darkened lands, flame brightly--until at last the darkness is no more.May the turbulence of our age yield to a true time of peace, when men and nations shall share a life that honors the dignity of each, the brotherhood of all.。

里根第一次就任美国总统时的演讲（中文翻译）1、对于今天在此的我们中的一些人，这是一个庄严的值得纪念的时刻。

然而在我国的历史上，这不过是个司空见惯的事件。

这个按宪法要求的有序的政权交替周而复始地进行了近二百年，而我们中很少有人停下来考虑一下我们到底有多么独特。

在世界上很多人的眼里，这个我们习以为常的四年一度的庆典不啻一个奇迹。

2、总统先生，我要让人民知道您为传承这一传统付出了多少心血。

在这个政权交替过程中，您的殷切合作向关注的世人展示了我们是一个统一的民族，决心维系一个比其他任何一个国家都更保证个人自由的政治体制。

我要感谢您和您的同僚在维护国策连续性上给予的倾力合作。

3、我国的事业继往开来。

我国的大多数州都经历着经济困境。

我们苦于历史上最严重、持续时间最长的通货膨胀之一。

它扭曲了我们的经济决策，惩罚了节俭，粉碎了奋斗的年轻人和固定收入的老人们等的梦想。

它威胁着要粉碎成千成万美国人的生活。

4、不景气的工业让工人们陷入失业、霉运和无尊严中。

很多人付出了辛劳却没有收获应得的回报，始作俑者就是惩罚成就和阻碍我们发挥最大生产力的税收体系。

5、但是尽管我们的税收负担很重，还是跟不上公共开销。

几十年来我们赤字不断累积，为了当前片刻的方便透支了我们的未来和我们子孙后代的未来。

纵容这种趋势就是放任无尽的社会、文化、政治和经济动荡。

6、你和我，作为个人，可以靠借贷，超前消费，但只能在有限的一段时间内。

那么为什么我们作为一个集体，即一个国家来考虑这个问题，我们就不被同一限制约束了呢？7、为了我们的明天，我们今天必须行动。

毋庸置疑，我们今天将开始一个新的开始。

8、我们遭遇的经济顽症已经持续几十年了。

它们不会在几天、几周或几个月内消失，但它们一定会消失。

之所以它们一定会消失，是因为我们美国人现在具备这个实力，如同我们过去一样，完成保卫这个自由世界最后的最伟大的堡垒所需要做的一切。

9、在当前的危机中，政府不是我们的问题的解，政府本身就是问题。

Lesson 11.3 美国副总统复旦演讲韩市长，非常感谢您！谢谢您做介绍时的友好言辞。

今天我们很高兴来到这里。

我和我夫人为有这次机会再次来到中国访问感到荣幸。

感谢贵国对我们的欢迎，特别感谢复旦大学的热情接待。

我们为此感到不胜荣幸，谢谢你们！我们此行带来了布什总统和美国人民的良好祝愿。

我知道在座的许多人很快就要从这所优秀的大学毕业。

我听说贵校有极为严格的标准，得到复旦大学的学位代表着多年的刻苦攻读和自我约束。

我祝贺在座各位学业有成。

对各位老师坚持复旦大学99年追求卓越的传统我深表钦佩。

1.4 Speech by Wang Guangya at Princeton UniversityLadies and Gentlemen,Good evening.I am honored to be invited to your seminar tonight. For me, for my colleagues and for many other Chinese, Princeton has long been a familiar name. With a history longer than the country, it has produced many outstanding people, Woodrow Wilson, the 28th US president, Albert Einstein, the great scientist, and T. S. Eliot, the famous poet, to name but a few. As former president Bill Clinton said in 1996 at the celebrations for the 250th anniversary of Princeton, “At every pivotal moment in American history, Princeton, its leadership, faculty and its students have played a crucial role.”I am more pleased to learn that all of you have a keen interest in China. Though our two countries are geographically far apart, we have a great deal in common in the everyday life. While many Chinese enjoy Hollywood movies and McDonald’s fast food, many Americans find that their clothesand daily necessities are made in China. I hope that today’s seminar will help you gain a better understanding of China and its foreign policy, thus deepening further our friendship and cooperation.1.5 新工厂落成典礼上的讲话各位尊敬的来宾，女士们，先生们：下午好！欢迎大家前来参加我们公司在中国的首家新厂房的落成典礼！感谢各位拨冗光临，与我们共同庆祝这一盛大的活动！我谨代表公司对今天来参加典礼的各位供应商、客户嘉宾、各位员工和业务伙伴说声“谢谢！”公司管理层深深为我们的新工厂感到骄傲，我们能干的员工感到骄傲，他们发展了工厂的业务，使之达到国际水平。

里根发言稿尊敬的各位嘉宾、朋友们：大家好！非常荣幸能够在这里与诸位共同出席今天的活动。

我是美国第40任总统罗纳德·威尔逊·里根，今天，我想与大家分享一些我作为总统时的发言稿。

四十年前的今天，我站在总统职位上，承诺要为美国人民带来一片更加繁荣、自由和安宁的未来。

作为一个国家的领导者，我意识到一切优秀的事物都需要一个坚实的基础。

对于美国来说，这个基础就是我们坚守的价值观和信念，以及我们对自由和正义的承诺。

在二战后的许多年里，美国人民付出了巨大的努力，使我们的国家变得更加强大和繁荣。

然而，我们也面临着许多挑战。

经济的衰退、政府的庞大和失控、还有社会上的分歧和紧张都是我们面临的问题。

作为总统，我认为我的首要任务是恢复美国人民的信心和自信。

我相信，只有通过引导人民回归价值观和信念，帮助他们重新找到自己的目标和目标，我们才能实现国家的繁荣和幸福。

我们的核心信念之一，就是相信个人的能力和创造力。

在美国，个人努力和奋斗的精神是得到高度尊重和赞扬的。

我们相信，只要每个人都能拥有平等的机会，就能够施展自己的才能，实现自己的梦想。

为了实现这一目标，我提出了一系列的政策和改革，以促进经济增长和创造就业机会。

我们大幅度削减了税收和精简了政府机构，以降低企业和个人的负担，并激发创新和创造力。

我们也提出了一系列的教育改革方案，旨在提高公众教育水平，以使每个人都有机会接受高质量的教育。

在国际事务上，美国始终秉持着自由和正义的信念，致力于维护全球和平与稳定。

当时，世界正陷入冷战的漩涡，国际关系紧张不安。

作为美国总统，我坚信我们应该坚定地对抗那些试图侵犯我们价值观和自由的力量。

在我执政期间，美国采取了各种措施来保护我们国家的安全。

我们加强了军事实力和战略防御能力，加强了我们与盟国的合作，共同抵抗那些试图破坏国际秩序的势力。

然而，面对这些挑战和改革，我们也遇到了许多困难和阻力。

有些人认为我们的改革措施过于激进，有些人则担心我们的国家价值观和信念正在受到侵蚀。

奥巴马访华复旦大学演讲稿英汉对照全文2009-11-27 15:30Good afternoon. It is a great honor for me to be here in Shanghai, and to have this opportunity to speak with all of you. I'd like to thank Fudan University's President Yang for his hospitality and his gracious welcome. I'd also like to thank our outstanding Ambassador, Jon Huntsman, who exemplifies the deep ties and respect between our nations. I don't know what he said, but I hope it was good. (Laughter.)What I'd like to do is to make some opening remarks, and then what I'm really looking forward to doing is taking questions, not only from students who are in the audience, but also we've received questions online, which will be asked by some of the students who are here in the audience, as well as by Ambassador Huntsman. And I am very sorry that my Chinese is not as good as your English, but I am looking forward to this chance to have a dialogue.This is my first time traveling to China, and I'm excited to see this majestic country. Here, in Shanghai, we see the growth that has caught the attention of the world -- the soaring skyscrapers, the bustling streets and entrepreneurial activity. And just as I'm impressed by these signs of China's journey to the 21st century, I'm eager to see those ancient places that speak to us from China's distant past. Tomorrow and the next day I hope to have a chance when I'm in Beijing to see the majesty of the Forbidden City and the wonder of the Great Wall. Truly, this is a nation that encompasses both a rich history and a belief in the promise of the future.The same can be said of the relationship between our two countries. Shanghai, of course, is a city that has great meaning in the history of the relationship between the United States and China. It was here, 37 years ago, that the Shanghai Communique opened the door to a new chapter of engagement between our governments and among our people. However, America's ties to this city -- and to this country -- stretch back further, to the earliest days of America's independence.In 1784, our founding father, George Washington, commissioned the Empress of China, a ship that set sail for these shores so that it could pursue trade with the Qing Dynasty. Washington wanted to see the ship carry the flag around the globe, and to forge new ties with nations like China. This is a common American impulse -- the desire to reach for new horizons, and to forge new partnerships that are mutually beneficial.Over the two centuries that have followed, the currents of history have steered the relationship between our countries in many directions. And even in the midst of tumultuous winds, our people had opportunities to forge deep and even dramatic ties. For instance, Americans will never forget the hospitality shown to our pilots who were shot down over your soil during World War II, and cared for by Chinese civilians who risked all that they had by doing so. And Chinese veterans of that war still warmly greet those American veterans who return to the sites where they fought to help liberate China from occupation.A different kind of connection was made nearly 40 years ago when the frost between our countries began to thaw through the simple game of table tennis. The very unlikely nature of this engagement contributed to its success -- because for all our differences, both our common humanity and our shared curiosity were revealed. As one American player described his visit to China -- "[The]people are just like us…The country is very similar to America, but still very different."Of course this small opening was followed by the achievement of the Shanghai Communique, and the eventual establishment of formal relations between the United States and China in 1979. And in three decades, just look at how far we have come.In 1979, trade between the United States and China stood at roughly $5 billion -- today it tops over $400 billion each year. The commerce affects our people's lives in so many ways. America imports from China many of the computer parts we use, the clothes we wear; and we export to China machinery that helps power your industry. This trade could create even more jobs on both sides of the Pacific, while allowing our people to enjoy a better quality of life. And as demand becomes more balanced, it can lead to even broader prosperity.In 1979, the political cooperation between the United States and China was rooted largely in our shared rivalry with the Soviet Union. Today, we have a positive, constructive and comprehensive relationship that opens the door to partnership on the key global issues of our time -- economic recovery and the development of clean energy; stopping the spread of nuclear weapons and the scourge of climate change; the promotion of peace and security in Asia and around the globe. All of these issues will be on the agenda tomorrow when I meet with President Hu.And in 1979, the connections among our people were limited. Today, we see the curiosity of those ping-pong players manifested in the ties that are being forged across many sectors. The second highest number of foreign students in the United States come from China, and we've seen a 50 percent increase in the study of Chinese among our own students. There are nearly 200 "friendship cities" drawing our communities together. American and Chinese scientists cooperate on new research and discovery. And of course, Yao Ming is just one signal of our shared love of basketball -- I'm only sorry that I won't be able to see a Shanghai Sharks game while I'm visiting.It is no coincidence that the relationship between our countries has accompanied a period of positive change. China has lifted hundreds of millions of people out of poverty -- an accomplishment unparalleled in human history -- while playing a larger role in global events. And the United States has seen our economy grow along with the standard of living enjoyed by our people, while bringing the Cold War to a successful conclusion.There is a Chinese proverb: "Consider the past, and you shall know the future." Surely, we have known setbacks and challenges over the last 30 years. Our relationship has not been without disagreement and difficulty. But the notion that we must be adversaries is not predestined -- not when we consider the past. Indeed, because of our cooperation, both the United States and China are more prosperous and more secure. We have seen what is possible when we build upon our mutual interests, and engage on the basis of mutual respect.And yet the success of that engagement depends upon understanding -- on sustaining an open dialogue, and learning about one another and from one another. For just as that American table tennis player pointed out -- we share much in common as human beings, but our countries are different in certain ways.I believe that each country must chart its own course. China is an ancient nation, with a deeply rooted culture. The United States, by comparison, is a young nation, whose culture is determined by the many different immigrants who have come to our shores, and by the founding documents that guide our democracy.Those documents put forward a simple vision of human affairs, and they enshrine several core principles -- that all men and women are created equal, and possess certain fundamental rights; that government should reflectthe will of the people and respond to their wishes; that commerce should be open, information freely accessible; and that laws, and not simply men, should guarantee the administration of justice.Of course, the story of our nation is not without its difficult chapters. In many ways -- over many years -- we have struggled to advance the promise of these principles to all of our people, and to forge a more perfect union. We fought a very painful civil war, and freed a portion of our population from slavery. It took time for women to be extended the right to vote, workers to win the right to organize, and for immigrants from different corners of the globe to be fully embraced. Even after they were freed, African Americans persevered through conditions that were separate and not equal, before winning full and equal rights.None of this was easy. But we made progress because of our belief in those core principles, which have served as our compass through the darkest of storms. That is why Lincoln could stand up in the midst of civil war and declare it a struggle to see whether any nation, conceived in liberty, and "dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal" could long endure. That is why Dr. Martin Luther King could stand on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial and ask that our nation live out the true meaning of its creed. That's why immigrants from China to Kenya could find a home on our shores; why opportunity is available to all who would work for it; and why someone like me, who less than 50 years ago would have had trouble voting in some parts of America, is now able to serve as its President.And that is why America will always speak out for these core principles around the world. We do not seek to impose any system of government on any other nation, but we also don't believe that the principles that we stand for are unique to our nation. These freedoms of expression and worship -- of access to information and political participation -- we believe are universal rights. They should be available to all people, including ethnic and religious minorities -- whether they are in the United States, China, or any nation. Indeed, it is that respect for universal rights that guides America's openness to other countries; our respect for different cultures; our commitment to international law; and our faith in the future.These are all things that you should know about America. I also know that we have much to learn about China. Looking around at this magnificent city -- and looking around this room -- I do believe that our nations hold something important in common, and that is a belief in the future. Neither the United States nor China is content to rest on our achievements. For while China is an ancient nation, you are also clearly looking ahead with confidence, ambition, and a commitment to see that tomorrow's generation can do better than today's.In addition to your growing economy, we admire China's extraordinary commitment to science and research -- a commitment borne out in everything from the infrastructure you build to the technology you use. China is now the world's largest Internet user -- which is why we were so pleased to include the Internet as a part of today's event. This country now has the world's largest mobile phone network, and it is investing in the new forms of energy that can both sustain growth and combat climate change -- and I'm looking forward to deepening the partnership between the United States and China in this critical area tomorrow. But above all, I see China's future in you -- young people whose talent and dedication and dreams will do so much to help shape the 21st century.I've said many times that I believe that our world is now fundamentally interconnected. The jobs we do, the prosperity we build, the environment we protect, the security that we seek -- all of these things are shared. And given that interconnection, power in the 21st century is no longer a zero-sum game; one country's success need not come at the expense of another. And that is why the United States insists we do not seek to contain China'srise. On the contrary, we welcome China as a strong and prosperous and successful member of the community of nations -- a China that draws on the rights, strengths, and creativity of individual Chinese like you.To return to the proverb -- consider the past. We know that more is to be gained when great powers cooperate than when they collide. That is a lesson that human beings have learned time and again, and that is the example of the history between our nations. And I believe strongly that cooperation must go beyond our government. It must be rooted in our people -- in the studies we share, the business that we do, the knowledge that we gain, and even in the sports that we play. And these bridges must be built by young men and women just like you and your counterparts in America.That's why I'm pleased to announce that the United States will dramatically expand the number of our students who study in China to 100,000. And these exchanges mark a clear commitment to build ties among our people, as surely as you will help determine the destiny of the 21st century. And I'm absolutely confident that America has no better ambassadors to offer than our young people. For they, just like you, are filled with talent and energy and optimism about the history that is yet to be written.So let this be the next step in the steady pursuit of cooperation that will serve our nations, and the world. And if there's one thing that we can take from today's dialogue, I hope that it is a commitment to continue this dialogue going forward.So thank you very much. And I look forward now to taking some questions from all of you. Thank you very much.(Applause.)奥巴马访华在复旦演讲稿英汉对照全文美国总统奥巴马在上海与中国青年对话”演讲全文你好。

Ronald ReaganJanuary 28, 1986Printer-Friendly VersionLadies and Gentlemen, I’d planned to speak to you tonight to report on the state of the Union, but the events of earlier today have led me to change those plans. Today is a day for mourning and remembering. Nancy and I are pained to the core by the tragedy of the shuttle Challenger. We know we share this pain with all of the people of our country. This is truly a national loss.Nineteen years ago, almost to the day, we lost three astronauts in a terrible accident on the ground. But, we’ve never lost an astronaut in flight; we’ve never had a tragedy like this. And perhaps we’ve forgotten the courage it took for the crew of the shuttle; but they, the Challenger Seven, were aware of the dangers, but overcame them and did their jobs brilliantly. We mourn seven heroes: Michael Smith, Dick Scobee, Judith Resnik, Ronald McNair, Ellison Onizuka, Gregory Jarvis, and Christa McAuliffe. We mourn their loss as a nation together.For the families of the seven, we cannot bear, as you do, the full impact of this tragedy. But we feel the loss, and we’re thinking about you so very much. Your loved ones were daring and brave, and they had that special grace, that special spirit that says, "give me a challenge and I’ll meet it with joy." They had a hunger to explore the universe and discover its truths. They wished to serve, and they did. They served all of us.We’ve grown used to wonders in this century. It’s hard to dazzle us. But for twenty-five years the United States space program has been doing just that. We’ve grown used to the idea of space, and perhaps we forget that we’ve only just begun. We’re still pioneers. They, the member of the Challenger crew, were pioneers.And I want to say something to the schoolchildren of America who were watching the live coverage of the shuttle’s takeoff. I know it is hard to understand, but sometimes painful things like this happen. It’s all part of the process of exploration and discovery. It’s all part of taking a chance and expanding man’s horizons. The future doesn’t belong to the fainthearted; it belongs to the brave. The Challenger crew was pulling us into the future, and we’ll continue to follow them.I’ve always had great faith in and respect for our space program, and what happened today does nothing to diminish it. We don’t hide our space program. We don’t keep secrets and cover things up. We do it all up front and in public. That’s the way freedom is, and we wouldn’t change it for a minute. We’llcontinue our quest in space. There will be more shuttle flights and more shuttle crews and, yes, more volunteers, more civilians, more teachers in space. Nothing ends here; our hopes and our journeys continue. I want to add that I wish I could talk to every man and woman who works for NASA or who worked on this mission and tell them: "Your dedication and professionalism have moved an impressed us for decades. And we know of your anguish. We share it."There’s a coincidence today. On this day 390 years ago, the great expl orer Sir Francis Drake died aboard ship off the coast of Panama. In his lifetime the great frontiers were the oceans, and a historian later said, "He lived by the sea, died on it, and was buried in it." Well, today we can say of the challenger crew: Their dedication was, like Drake’s, complete.The crew of the space shuttle Challenger honored us by the manner in which they lived their lives. We will never forget them, nor the last time we saw them, this morning, as they prepared for the journey and waved goodbye and "slipped the surly bonds of earth" to "touch the face of God."--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Three days later, President Reagan delivered the following remarks at a memorial service held in Houston following the Challenger disaster, Jan. 31, 1986.We come together today to mourn the loss of seven brave Americans, to share the grief we all feel and, perhaps in that sharing, to find the strength to bear our sorrow and the courage to look for the seeds of hope.Our nation’s loss is first a profound personal loss to the family and the friends and loved ones of our shuttle astronauts. To those they have left behind - the mothers, the fathers, the husbands and wives, brothers, sisters, and yes, especially the children - all of America stands beside you in your time of sorrow.What we say today is only an inadequate expression of what we carry in our hearts. Words pale in the shadow of grief; they seem insufficient even to measure the brave sacrifice of those you loved and we so admired. Their truest testimony will not be in the words we speak, but in the way they led their lives and in the way they lost those lives - with dedication, honor and an unquenchable desire to explore this mysterious and beautiful universe.The best we can do is remember our seven astronauts - our ChallengerSeven - remember them as they lived, bringing life and love and joy to those who knew them and pride to a nation.They came from all parts of this great country - from South Carolina to Washington State; Ohio to Mohawk, New York; Hawaii to North Carolina to Concord, New Hampshire. They were so different, yet in their mission, their quest, they held so much in common.We remember Dick Scobee, the commander who spoke the last words we heard from the space shuttle Challenger. He served as a fighter pilot in Vietnam, earning many medals for bravery, and later as a test pilot of advanced aircraft before joining the space program. Danger was a familiar companion to Commander Scobee.We remember Michael Smith, who earned enough medals as a combat pilot to cover his chest, including the Navy Distinguished Flying Cross, three Air Medals - and the Vietnamese Cross of Gallantry with Silver Star, in gratitude from a nation that he fought to keep free.We remember Judith Resnik, known as J.R. to her friends, always smiling, always eager to make a contribution, finding beauty in the music she played on her piano in her off-hours.We remember Ellison Onizuka, who, as a child running barefoot through the coffee fields and macadamia groves of Hawaii, dreamed of someday traveling to the Moon. Being an Eagle Scout, he said, had helped him soar to the impressive achievement of his career.We remember Ronald McNair, who said that he learned perseverance in the cotton fields of South Carolina. His dream was to live aboard the space station, performing experiments and playing his saxophone in the weightlessness of space; Ron, we will miss your saxophone and we will build your space station.We remember Gregory Jarvis. On that ill-fated flight he was carrying with him a flag of his university in Buffalo, New York - a small token he said, to the people who unlocked his future.We remember Christa McAuliffe, who captured the imagination of the entire nation, inspiring us with her pluck, her restless spirit of discovery; a teacher, not just to her students, but to an entire people, instilling us all with the excitement of this journey we ride into the future.We will always remember them, these skilled professionals, scientists and adventurers, these artists and teachers and family men and women, and we will cherish each of their stories - stories of triumph and bravery, stories of true American heroes.On the day of the disaster, our nation held a vigil by our television sets. In one cruel moment, our exhilaration turned to horror; we waited and watched and tried to make sense of what we had seen. That night, I listened to a call-in program on the radio: people of every age spoke of their sadness and the pride they felt in `our astronauts.’ Across America, we are reaching out, holding hands, finding comfort in one another.The sacrifice of your loved ones has stirred the soul of our nation and, through the pain, our hearts have been opened to a profound truth - the future is not free, the story of all human progress is one of a struggle against all odds. We learned again that this America, which Abraham Lincoln called the last best hope of man on Earth, was built on heroism and noble sacrifice. It was built by men and women like our seven star voyagers, who answered a call beyond duty, who gave more than was expected or required, and who gave it with little thought to worldly reward.We think back to the pioneers of an earlier century, and the sturdy souls who took their families and the belongings and set out into the frontier of the American West. Often, they met with terrible hardship. Along the Oregon Trail you can still see the grave markers of those who fell on the way. But grief only steeled them to the journey ahead.Today, the frontier is space and the boundaries of human knowledge. Sometimes, when we reach for the stars, we fall short. But we must pick ourselves up again and press on despite the pain. Our nation is indeed fortunate that we can still draw on immense reservoirs of courage, character and fortitude - that we are still blessed with heroes like those of the space shuttle Challenger.Dick Scobee knew that every launching of a space shuttle is a technological miracle. And he said, if something ever does go wrong, I hope that doesn’t mean the end to the space shuttle program. Every family member I talked to asked specifically that we continue the program, that that is what their departed loved one would want above all else. We will not disappoint them. Today, we promise Dick Scobee and his crew that their dream lives on; that the future they worked so hard to build will become reality. The dedicated men and women of NASA have lost seven members of their family. Still, they too,must forge ahead, with a space program that is effective, safe and efficient, but bold and committed.Man will continue his conquest of space. To reach out for new goals and ever greater achievements - that is the way we shall commemorate our seven Challenger heroes.Dick, Mike, Judy, El, Ron, Greg and Christa - your families and your country mourn your passing. We bid you goodbye. We will never forget you. For those who knew you well and loved you, the pain will be deep and enduring. A nation, too, will long feel the loss of her seven sons and daughters, her seven good friends. We can find consolation only in faith, for we know in our hearts that you who flew so high and so proud now make your home beyond the stars, safe in God’s prom ise of eternal life.May God bless you all and give you comfort in this difficult time.Ronald ReaganJanuary 28, 1986Printer-Friendly Version中文今天，我们聚集在一起，沉痛地哀悼我们失去的七位勇敢的公民，共同分担内心的悲痛，或许在相互间的安慰中，我们能够得到承受痛苦的力量并坚定追求理想的信念。