2016年军队院校专升本英语试题
英语试卷模拟四
一．快速阅读（共10分，每小题1分）
Natural disaster
Earthquakes
When the Earth Moves
Earthquakes are caused by the motion of tectonic plates—individual sections that make up the Earth’s surface like panels on a football. Immense strain accumulates along fault lines where adjacent plates meet. When the rock separating the plates gives way, sudden seismic ground-shaking movement occurs.
Of course, if we want to know why earthquakes happen, we need to dig a little deeper.
Centre of the Earth
The Earth is made up of three main layers:
The core is at the centre of the Earth.
The mantle is a mobile semi-molten layer around the core.
The outer-shell of the Earth is called the crust. Scientists call this the lithosphere—it’s the part we’re on now.
The crust is made up of 12 individual tectonic plates. Below the sea, they can measure three to six miles (4km-9.6km) thick and under land this increases to 20-44 miles (32km-70.8km). Below the crust, radiation from the Earth’s core heats the semi-molten mantle to temperatures of over 5000°C.
All fluids when heated—even molten rock—are affected by a process called convection. That makes hot liquid rise to displace cooler liquid, creating a current. Tectonic plates effectively float on the mantle, like croutons in a bowl of super-heated soup. But these plates and constantly move due to the convection current.
Of course, they creep along very slowly—roughly the same speed your fingernails grow. Even at this sub snail-pace, the effects can be devastating. The combined annual force of earthquakes is equal to 100,000 times the power of the atomic bombs that flattened Hiroshima.
The point where the seismic activity occurs is the epicentre, where the earthquake is strongest. But it doesn’t always end there; seismic waves travel out from the epicentre, sometimes creating widespread destruction as they pass.
Volcanoes
Without doubt, erupting volcanoes are the most awesome and terrifying sights in nature. In fact, their untamed destructive firepower has shaped and influenced many ancient cultures from Pompeii, to Japan.
It’s estimated that one in ten of the World’s population live within “danger range”of volcanoes. According to the Smithsonian Institute, there are 1511 “active” volcanoes across the globe, and many more dormant ones that could recharge at any moment.
When tectonic plates collide，like earthquakes, volcanoes form at weak-points in the Earth’s crust, known as “fault-lines”.
When two tectonic plates collide, the event can provide the catalyst for volcanic activity. As one section slides on top of the other, the one beneath is pushed down into the mantle. Water trapped in the crust can cause reactions within the mantle. Why? Well, it’s thought that when the water mixes with the mantle, it lowers the mantle’s melting point, and the solid mantle melts to form a liquid, known as ‘magma’.
Under Increasing Pressure
Since liquid rock is less dense than solid rock, magma begins to rise through the Earth’s crust. It forces its way up, melting surrounding rock and increasing the amount of magma.
Magma only stops rising when the pressure from the rock layer above it becomes too great. It gathers below the Earth’s surface in a “magma chamber”.
When the pressure increases in the chamber, the crust finally gives way and magma spews out onto the Earth’s surface forming a volcano. When it reaches the surface, magma becomes known as “lava”.
V olcanic eruptions vary in intensity and appearance depending on two factors:
the amount of gas contained in the magma
its viscosity—how runny it is
In general, the explosive eruptions come from high gas levels and high viscosity in the magma. Whilst lava floes result from magmas with low gas levels and low viscosity.
Mount Etna
Over millions of years, lava and ash from eruptions might build up to form a mountainous volcano like Mt Etna in Italy.
Hurricanes
By definition, a hurricane is fierce rotating storm with an intense centre of low pressure that only happens in the tropics. In south-east Asia they’re known as typhoons and in the Indian Ocean, cyclones.
They cause high winds, huge waves, and heavy flooding. In 1998, Hurricane Gilbert produced 160mph winds, killing 318 people, and devastating Jamaica. A tropical storm can only be classified as a hurricane if it sustains wind speeds above 73mph or force 12 on the Beaufort Scale. Each year about 50 tropical storms reach hurricane status.
One of the most powerful of all weather systems, hurricanes are powered by the heat energy released by the condensation of water vapour. However, the conditions have to be exact for a hurricane to form, with the sea’s surface temperature being above 26.5°C.
How Hurricanes Happen
Air above warm tropical water rises quickly as it is heated by the sea. As the air rises it rotates or spins creating an area of low pressure, known as the eye of the storm. The eye can be clearly seen on satellite pictures, and is usually eerily calm.
The hurricane only moves slowly at speeds of 20-25mph bringing torrential rain and thunderstorms and very strong winds. However, they also cause flooding on low lying coastlines with a phenomenon known as a “storm surge”.
Storm Surge
This is caused by the intense low pressure at the eye of a hurricane, combining with the effect of strong winds. The sea rises 1cm for every millibar of pressure - if the pressure is 930 millibar, the sea surge will be about 80 cm. Hurricanes can raise the seas surface by as much as 4m.
The hurricane winds push the surge along in front of its path. When this surge hits low-lying coasts, the effects can be devastating. In addition to the sea surge, flooding can also result from torrential rain falling from the storm clouds.
Once it reaches the mainland, a hurricane may cause widespread damage for a few days, but with no warm water to supply heat, they quickly die out.
1. Earthquakes are caused by the motion of tectonic plates that make up the Earth’s surface.
2. The Earth is made up of four main layers: the core, the mantle, the crust and the magma.
3. It is the convection that make hot liquid rise to displace cooler liquid, creating a current.
4. The earthquake at the epicenter is weakest.
5. Both of volcanoes and earthquakes form at weak-points in the Earth’s crust when tectonic plates collide,.
6. Magma will fall through the Earth’s crust if the liquid rock is less dense than solid rock.
7. Mt Etna in Italy produced 160mph winds and killed 296 people in 2000.
8. A hurricane is defined as a fierce rotating storm with an intense centre of low pressure that______________________________________.
9. Torrential rain, _______________________ are always brought by the hurricane.
10. If there is no warm water to supply heat, the hurricane will____________________________. 二．选择填空（共20分，每小题1分）
1. —Why was our foreign teacher unhappy yesterday?
—News about the tsunami striking her country ____ an attack of homesickness.
A. set for
B. set out
C. set about
D. set off
2. Little ____ about his own safety, though he was in great danger himself.
A. does he care
B. did he care
C. he care
D. he cared
3. Always read the ___ on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.
A. explanations
B. introductions
C. descriptions
D. instructions
4.—Have you got any information about your missing dog form the police?
—No, I _____.The police say they’ll let me know when there is any news.
A. waited
B. was waiting
C. have waited
D. am waiting
5.—The “No .1 Doucument “is desi gned to help the rural population increase their incomes.
—I believed that parents’ life _____ better and better.
A. will have got
B. has got
C. gets
D. will be getting
6. Don’t leave you work, ____.
A. half done
B. done half
C. a half done
D. done a half
7. The purpose of the article is to draw public attention ______ the problem.
A. to
B. on
C. in
D. for
8. we’re advised not to leave the water_____ after using it.
A. run
B. running
C. to run
D. having run
9. It is a ______ fact that cigarette smoking is not goods for health.
A. proved
B. proven
C. proving
D. provable
10. Who do you know______ the steam engine?
A. discovered
B. invented
C.to discover
D.to invent
11. We haven’t set tled the question of _____ it is necessary for him to study abroad.
A. if
B. where
C. whether
D. that
12. Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature, thus creating a ____ environment.
A. peaceful
B. sensitive
C. common
D. stable
13. Before ____ white, the door should be cleaned thoroughly.
A. painting
B. painted
C. being painted
D. having been painted
14.Among the eternal dreams of human beings, the great longing for the blue air and flying is never .
A. given away
B. worn off
C. paid off
D. handed over
15. ____ about Lucy, the teacher called her parents to find out why she was so often absent from class.
A. Concerning
B. considering
C. Concerned
D. Considering
16. ____ to the sunshine for too long in summer, your skin will get burnt.
A. Being exposed
B. Exposing
C. Exposed
D. To expose
17. I don’t believe what you said. It is not like her father, who is an honest man,____ anyone in business.
A. cheating
B. to cheat
C. cheats
D. cheated
18. We all know that, ____, the situation will get worse.
A. if not dealt carefully with
B. not if carefully dealt with
C. dealt if not carefully with
D. if not carefully dealt with
19.____ you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.
A. However serious a problem
B. However a serious problem
C. What a serious problem
D. What serious a problem
20. Jane was fairly good at English but in mathematics she could not_____ the rest of the students in her class.
A. keep up with
B. run away with
C. put up with
D.do away with
三．阅读理解（共30分，每小题2分）
Passage 1
Believe it or not, optical illusion(错觉) can cut highway crashes.
Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. But stripes, called chevrons(人字形), painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down.
Now the American Automobile Association Foundation(基金会) for Traffic Safety in Washin gton D.C. is planning to repeat Japan’s success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well
the patterns reduce highway crashes.
Excessive (too great) speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed-related hazards (danger) are the greatest curves, exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges.
Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars painted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars.
Chevrons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents.
1. The passage mainly discusses ________.
A. a new way of highway speed control
B. a new pattern for painting highways
C. a new way of training drivers
D. a new type of optical illusion
2. On roads painted with chevrons, drivers tend to feel that ________.
A. they should avoid speed-related hazards
B. they are driving in the wrong lane
C. they should slow down their speed
D. they are coming near to the speed limit
3. The advantage of chevrons over straight, horizontal bars is that the former ________.
A. can keep drivers awake
B. can cut road accidents in half
C. will look more attractive
D. will have a longer effect on drivers
4. The American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety plans to ________.
A. try out the Japanese method in certain areas
B. change the road signs across the country
C. replace straight, horizontal bars with chevrons
D. repeat the Japanese road patterns
5. What does the author say about straight, horizontal bars painted across roads?
A. They are suitable only on broad roads.
B. They are falling out of use in the United States.
C. They are ignored in a long period of time.
D. They cannot be used successfully to traffic circles.
Passage 2
If you want to teach your children how to say sorry, you must be good at saying it yourself, especially to your own children. But how you say it can be quite tricky.
If you say to your children “I’m sorry I got angry with you, but ...” what follows that “but”can render the apology ineffective: “I had a bad day” or “your noise was giving me a headache”leaves the person who has been injured feeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology.
Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say “I’m sorry you’re upset”; this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done.
Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. Saying “I’m useless as a parent” does not commit a person to any specific improvement.
These pseudo-apologies are used by people who believe saying sorry shows weakness, Parents who wish to teach their children to apologize should see it as a sign of strength, and therefore not resort to these pseudo-apologies.
But even when presented with examples of genuine contrition, children still need help to become aware of the complexities of saying sorry. A three-year-old might need help in understanding that other children feel pain just as he does, and that hitting a playmate over the head with a heavy toy requires an apology. A six-year-old might need reminding that spoiling other children’s expectations can require an apology. A 12-year-old might need to be shown that raiding the biscuit tin without asking permission is acceptable, but that borrowing a parent’s clothes without permission is not.
6. If a mother adds “but” to an apology, ______.
A. she doesn’t feel that she should have apologized
B. she does not realize that the child has been hurt
C. the child may find the apology easier to accept
D. the child may feel that he owes her an apology
7. According to the author, saying “I’m sorry you’re upset” most probably means “_____”.
A. You have good reason to get upset
B. I’m aware you’re upset, but I’m not to blame
C. I apologize for hurting your feelings
D. I’m at fault for making you upset
8. It is not advisable to use the general, all-covering apology because ______.
A. it gets one into the habit of making empty promises
B.it may make the other person feel guilty
C. it is vague and ineffective
D. it is hurtful and insulting
9. We learn from the last paragraph that in teaching children to say sorry _____.
A. the complexities involved should be ignored
B. their ages should be taken into account
C. parents need to set them a good example
D. parents should be patient and tolerant
10. It can be inferred from the passage that apologizing properly is _____.
A. a social issue calling for immediate attention
B. not necessary among family members
C. a sign of social progress
D. not as simple as it seems
Passage 3
We are all called upon to make a sp eech at some point in life, but most of us don’t do a very good job. This article gives some suggestions on how to give an effective speech.
So, you have to give a speech -- and you are terrified. You get nervous, you forget what you want to say, you stumble over words, you talk too long, and you bore your audience. Later you
think, “Thank Goodness, it’s over. I’m just not good at public speaking. I hope I never have to do that again.”
Cheer up! It doesn’t have to be that bad. Here are some simple steps to take the pain out of speech making. Ask yourself the purpose of your speech. What is the occasion? Why are you speaking? Then, gather as many facts as you can on your subject. Spend plenty of your time doing your research. Then spend plenty of time organizing your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow. Use as many examples as possible, and use pictures, charts, and graphs if they help you make your points more clearly. Never forget your audience. Don’t talk over their heads, and don’t tal k down to them. Treat your audience with respect. They will appreciate your thoughtfulness.
Just remember: Be prepared. Know your subject, your audience, and the occasion. Be brief. Say what you have to say and then stop. And be yourself. Let your personality come through so that you make person-to-person contact with your audience.
If you follow these simple steps, you will see that you don’t have to be afraid of public speaking. In fact you may find the experience so enjoyable that you volunteer to make more speeches! You’re not convinced yet? Give it a try and see what happens.
11. The main idea of this article is ____.
A. that you can improve your speaking ability
B. a poor speaker can never change
C. always make a short speech
D. it is hard to make a speech
12. Paragraph 2 implies that ____.
A. many people are afraid of giving a speech
B. many people are happy to give a speech
C. many people do not prepare for a speech
D. many people talk too long
13. The phrase “talk over their heads” means____
A. speak too loudly
B. look at the ceiling
C. look down upon them
D. use words and ideas that are too difficult
14. All of the following statements are TRUE except ____.
A. few people know how to make good speeches
B. a lecturer does not need to organize his speech
C. research is important in preparing a speech
D. there are simple steps you can take to improve your speaking ability
15. The title for this passage may be ____.
A. Do Not Make a Long Speech
B. How to Give a Good Speech
C. How to Prepare for a Speech
D. Try to Enjoy a Speech
四．完形填空（共15分，每小题1分）
While attending a conference, I returned to my hotel room late one evening. The overhead
light outside my door was burned out and I had 1 finding the keyhole. When I 2 to open the door, I 3 around the wall for a light switch. I found a plate where a switch was once installed... but no switch!
Not discouraged easily, I remembered 4 a lamp by the bed when I deposited my luggage earlier in the day. I found the bed in the 5 and then the lamp, but when I switched it on, nothing 6 ! I thought that perhaps if I opened the curtains I might be able to use whatever light comes in from the 7 to find another lamp. So I 8 my way slowly across the room to the curtains and... no drawstring! I finally stumbled（跌跌撞撞地走）around until I found a desk lamp which actually 9 !
That evening I discovered in a whole new way just how dark the world can be and how necessary light is! But even more necessary than 10 light is the light that shines from people --the light of 11 and faith. Because, for many people, the world is a dark and 12 place. For someone today just may be stumbling in discouragement or sadness or fear and in need of some light. So let your light shine. Whatever light you 13 may be a beacon of hope and encouragement. And if you feel that your light is 14 a candle in a forest remember -- there isn’t enough darkness in all the world to 15 the light of one small candle.
1．A. confidence B. respect C. admiration D. difficulty
2．A. managed B. failed C. wished D. meant
3．A. touched B. felt C. sensed D. looked
4．A. equipping B. producing C. spotting D. removing
5．A. light B. dark C. room D. corner
6．A. happened B. operated C. fired D. developed
7．A. machine B. street C. room D. car
8．A. wound B. forced C. made D. lost
9．A. helped B. affected C. worked D. inspired
10．A. mental B. psychological C. electrical D. physical
11．A. existence B. love C. truth D. wisdom
12．A. lonely B. colorful C. friendly D. complex
13．A. make B. offer C. take D. contribute 14．A. not more than B. other than C. no more than D. rather than 15．A. put out B. give out C. get over D. set up
五．翻译（共15分，每小题3分）
1. 他对我如何保持健康的建议证明是相当有效的。
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. 在某人受伤时，懂得急救知识能发挥重要的作用。
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 如果你们沿着这条路走，至少20分钟才能到达山脚下的房子。
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
4. 我劝他不能老是生活在上次失败的阴影中。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
5.考虑到各种各样的因素，应该根据课程安排对我们的学科进行重新调整。
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 六．书面写作（共10分）
以”Generation Gap”为题，写一篇不少于120词的英语短文，内容包括：代沟的表现；代沟出现的家庭原因；代沟出现的社会原因。
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
年陕西省高校在校生专升本英语考试试题2005 注意事项： 1．本卷满分为150分。考试时间为150分钟。 2．本卷分试卷I和试卷II，均用钢笔或圆珠笔答卷。第I卷为客观题，考生必须把答案用大写字母写在答题纸上；第II卷为主观题，考生直接把答案写在试卷上。 3．答卷前将密封线内的项目填写清楚。 试卷I 得分评卷人 I. Vocabulary and structure (40分) Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then write your answer on the Answer Sheet. 1. The professor needs an assistant that he can to take care of problems in his absence. A. count in B. count up C. count on D. count out 2.I am not sure whether l can get any profit from the business, so I can't make a(n) decision about what to do next. A. exact B. denied C. sure D. definite 3. Because of the cold weather, they through the night in the camp. A. kept the burning fire B. kept the fire burning D. kept burning the fire C. kept the fire burnt 4. Convenience foods which are already prepared for cooking are in stores. B. available C. probable A. ready D. approachable5. Many people are reported in the natural disaster. A. being killed B. to be killed D. to have been killed C. to have killed 6. If the whole surgery beforehand carefully, there would have been a better result. B. has been planned A. was planned D. were planned C. had been planned 7. Jane has said little so far, responding only briefly when
2012 年专业英语考试试题及参考答案 Part Ⅰ Vocabulary and Structure (1×30 points) Directions：There are 30 incomplete statements in this part. You are required to complete each one by choosing the most appropriate word or expression from the four choices marked A, B, C and D, then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. 19.are said to be the world’s best watch makers. A. Swisses B. The Swisses C. The Swiss D. Swiss 20.is no reason for discharging him. A. Owing to a few minutes late B. Due to a few minutes late C. Because he was a few minutes late D. The fact that he was a few minutes late 21.These books can give a(n) to children’s reading when they find that they c an read a familiar story with limited vocabulary. A. boost B. impact C. effect D. sense 22.To our horror, we found that the room of death, with dried blood on the floor. A. related B. involved C. smelled D. connected 23.People have to make for their old age by putting aside enough money to l ive on when old. A. supply B. provision C. assurance D. adjustment 24.The rattlesnake is now on the endangered species list, and is extinct in two eastern states where it once . A. thrived B. swelled C. prospected D. flourished 25.I am not with my roommates but I have to share the room with them, because I have nowhere else to stay. A. concerned B. compatible C. considerate D. complied 26.A of the long report by the budget committee was submitted to the mayor for approval. A. shorthand B. scheme C. schedule D. sketch 27.The manager gave one of the salesgirls an accusing look f or her attitude toward customers. A. impartial B. mild C. hostile D. opposing 28.A few miles down the road Joe saw a cafe, and went i n to a bite to eat. A. squeeze B. seize C. grab D. catch 29.He has failed me so many times that I no longer p lace any on what he promises. A. faith B. belief C. confidence D. reliance 30.They believe that cameras in public places are helpful in fighting crimes and they do not really privacy.
专升本专业英语试题 Direction: All the Questions should be done on the Answer Sheet. I. Choose a wor d that best completes each of the following sentences: (20*1point=20points) 1. The ________ driver thinks accidents only happen to other people. A. average B. common C. usual D. normal 2. Even if they are on sale, these refrigerators are equal in price to, if not more expensive than, _______ at the other store. A. the one B. others C. that D. the ones 3. Conversation becomes weaker in society that spends so much time listening and being talked to ____ it has all but lost the will and the skill to speak for itself. A. as B. which C. that D. what 4. _____________ for the timely investment from the general public, our company would not be so thriving as it is. A. Had it not been B. Were it not C. Be it not D. Should it not be 5. Asia _______________ by most experts to be the cradle of human civilization. A. has been always considered B. has always been considered C. always has been considered D. has been considered always 6. An old woman was badly hurt in _______ the police describe as an apparently motiveless attack. A. that B. what C. whatever D. which 7. Paul Samuelson revolutionized ______ by presenting his students with the most advanced economic thinking at an introductory level. A. to teach economics B. teaching that economics is C. the teaching of economics D. economics is taught 8. If you find this item too difficult to _______, it is advisable to leave as it is and move on to the next one. A. work out B. work on C. work for D. work at 9. You and I could hardly understand, ________? A. could we B. couldn’t you C. couldn’t we D. could I 10. There was an accident _______ the crossroads at midnight last night. A. in B. on C. at D.by 11. She has managed to obtain a temporary work __________ in Britain. A permit B permission C permissiveness D permissible 12. The football players need total concentration during ___________. A match B game C play D perform 13. Involved in a bribery scandal, the President had to _______ his resignation. A do B catch C offer D find 14. When I go out in the evening I use the bike __________the car if I can. A rather than B regardless of C in spite of D other than 15. Some plants are very _________ to light; they prefer the shade. A sensible B flexible C objective D sensitive
2020士兵考军校 语音知识汇总 语音：语言的声音，即人们从口中说出，用以交流思想或表达感情的声音。英语语音主要包括英语字母，国际音标，元音字母在重读开音节和闭音节中的读音，元音字母在非重读音节中的读音，辅音字母和辅音字母组合在单词中的读音，语调等内容。 一、英语字母 英语一共有26个字母，其中有5个元音字母（a、e、i、o、u），一个半元音字母（y），20个辅音字母。现就其发音归纳如下表： 二、国际音标
英语中一共有48个音标，其中20个为元音音标：[?] [ɑ:] [ei] [e][?u] [au] [ai] [ae] [i?] [?i] [??] [u?] [?] [?:] [i:] [i] [?] [?:] [u] [u:]。 辅音音标有28个，见下表： 三、元音字母在重读开音节和闭音节中的读音（音节、开音 节、闭音节） 1.音节：英语单词是由字母组成的，音节是语音结构的基本单位，它由一个元音或一个元音加一个或几个辅音构成。只有一个音节的词叫单音节词，含有两个、三个或更多的音节的单词，分别称为双音节词和多音节词。 2.开音节：以一个元音字母结尾的重读音节称为开音节（或称绝对开音节）。例如：be，no，hi，we，go，so等。包含一个元音字母的重读音节中，在元音字母后面有一个辅音字母（r除外），还有一个不发音的字母e，这种重读音节也叫开音节（或称相对开音节）。例如：name，time，bike，cake，nose等。不论是绝对开音节还是相对
开音节，其元音字母读它们本身的发音，即a [ei] e[i:] i[ai] o[?u] u[ju:]。 3.闭音节：包含一个元音字母，而以辅音字母（r，w除外）结尾的重读音节，称为闭音节。例如：cap，desk，big，bus，hat等。元音字母在重读闭音节中读它的短音，即a[ae] e[e] i[i] o[?] u[?]。 4.重读音节和非重读音节：只有一个音节的词都是重读音节，不标出重读符号。在双音节或多音节词中，其中有一个需要读得较响亮的音节，这个音节就叫重读音节。重读音节用“＇”符号表示。例如：family[＇f aemili]，table[＇teibl]。重读音节之外的音节称为非重读音节。非重读音节读的较轻。例如：about[?＇b aut]，today[t ?＇dei]。下面按元音字母a，e，i，o，u的顺序，把一些最常见的拼读规则列表如下： 元音字母a 或a＋其他字母
单选题 1(2分)、 2 Reading ____ the mind only with materials of knowledge; it is thinking that makes what we read ours. A、 rectifies B、 prolongs C、 minimizes D、 furnishes 参考答案：D 2(2分)、 2 I fell and hurt myself while I ________ basketball yesterday. A、 was playing B、 am playing C、 play D、 played 参考答案：A 3(2分)、 2 We’ve missed the last bus. I’m afraid we have no ________ but to take a taxi. A、 way B、 choice C、 possibility D、 selection 参考答案：B 4(2分)、 Measles(麻疹) ________ a long time to get over. A、 spend B、 spends
take D、 takes 参考答案：D 5(2分)、 2 He asked the waiter ________ the bill. A、 on B、 of C、 for D、 after 参考答案：C 6(2分)、 When you go to the doctor he asks you to describe your ____ so that he can make a diagnosis (诊断). A、 indications B、 signs C、 symbols D、 symptoms 参考答案：D 7(2分)、 2 I forgot to return the book to you yesterday. So I _____________today. A、 might do it B、 must do it C、 had to do it D、 must have to do it 参考答案：B 8(2分)、 2 The electric fan has blown away the terrible smell in the hall, ______?
选拔优秀专科生进入本科阶段学习考试试题 专业英语 题号一二三四五六总分 分值304020202020150 注意事项： 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考场号、座位号、考生号涂写在答题卡上。 本试卷的试题答案应答在答题卡上，答在试卷上无效。 Part I Vocabulary and Structure (30 points) Directions: There are 30 incomplete statements in this part. You are required to complete each one by choosing the most appropriate word or expression from the four choices marked A, B, C and D, then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. 1. The dentist has decided to _______ the girl’s bad tooth. A. draw B. extract C. dig D. pull 2. Reading the job ad, he wondered whether he was _______ to apply for it. A. qualified B. competent C. competitive D. diligent 3. All the students were _______by the _______speech given by the headmaster. A. inspired inspired B. inspiring inspiring C. inspired inspiring D. inspiring inspired 4. Techniques to _______ the energy of the sun are being developed. A. convert B. utilize C. receive D. store 5. The construction of the railway is said to _______. A. resumed B. have been terminated C. suspended D. rescheduled 6. The latest car model _______ many new improvements. A. embodies B. consists of C. makes up D. marks 7. The two countries have _______ relations with each other. A. broken off B. broken out C. broken up D. broken down 8. “ Are there any stationers in this street?” “None _______ I know of.” A. that B. which C. what D. how 9. Under no circumstances _______ the first to use nuclear weapons. A. will China be B. China will be C. China is D. shall China be 10. In general, _______ little water, you don’t find green field. A. where there is a B. wherever there is a C. where there is D. when there is 11. The doctor suggested that he _______ there. A. not to go B. hadn’t gone C. not go D. wouldn’t go 12. _______ I can see, the weather is not likely to change in a few days. A. As well as B. As long as C. As soon as D. As far as 13. _______ that the earth was flat? A. Used it to be thought B. Used to it be thought
龙源期刊网 https://www.doczj.com/doc/943345233.html, 浅谈军校教育的“以人为本” 作者：陈冰解君兰 来源：《科学与财富》2010年第01期 [摘要] 军校教育的根本就是培养全面发展和综合素质的军事人才,这就需要我们的教育必须营造符合人才培养特点和规律的良好环境,运用科学的理论为指南,建立服务学员的基本着眼点,来进行我们的管理和教学。所以,树立“以人为本”的办学理念,用人本思想进行教育和管理,对军校来说尤为重要。 [关键词] 以人为本教学改革信息反馈管理 现代教育把弘扬人的主动性和主动精神作为教育的灵魂,“以人为本”是促进教学改革和提高人才培养质量最基本的指导思想。传统的军校教育过分强调统一性,忽视了人的主动性和个性 发展,与马克思的人的全面发展理论和现代教育发展趋势相背离,制约了军校教育改革发展和人才培养质量。所以树立“以人为本”的办学理念,用人本思想进行教育和管理,对军校来说尤为重要。 一、“以人为本”是军校教育管理的主流理念 人既是管理的主体,又是管理的客体,是管理工作中最积极最活跃的因素,对管理运行效果影响极大。军队院校教育管理,无论是作为教育管理客体的人——教员和学员,还是作为教育主体的人——院校领导和管理干部,人都是其中核心的要素。 首先,军校教育的本质,就是培养“打得赢、不变质”、适应“双重历史任务”需要的新型军事 人才,这是军队院校的重要使命。所以,院校的教育管理要树立以学员为主体的观念。世界各国军校在教育管理过程中,以人为本,把学员放在学校发展的重要位置上。西点军校为了满足信息社会和世纪部队建设的需要,重新对教学课程目标进行定位,《智力培养大纲》明确提出了西点军校的总教学目标:“使毕业生能够预见发展变化的技术、社会、政治和经济领域的不确定性并有效地作出反映。” 其次,教师是高素质军事人才培养的中流砥柱,没有一流的教员,就很难培养出高素质的军事人才。哈佛大学原校长科南特说过,大学的荣誉不在它的校舍和人数,而在它一代代教师的质量。所以,如何最大程度地激发教员的主动性和创造性,是军校教学管理工作的重中之重。
Advantages of Five-Day week A five-day week has been put into use for a long time, which is liked by everyone. It is obvious that a five-day week has brought about many advantages to the society and people. First, families have benefited from it a lot. They have more time to spend together during the weekend. Second, society has also benefited from it. As people have two days off, they are willing to go shopping or travelling, which can promote the commerce and tourism. Third, individuals have also enjoyed the benefit from the five-day week, individuals can have a good rest. Adequate rest will enable him to work more efficiently. In a word, a five-day week is beneficial to the society, families and individuals. Car –free Day A car-free Day, which advocates people to choose to use more buses,bikes or go to work on foot instead of driving private cars to work, was carried out in my hometown as well as some other 107 cities on September 22nd, and it has got the support from all the people in our country, what’s important, it has also made people realize the importance of protecting the environment in which we are living, the activity has proved to be successful. It is very necessary and important to hold such activity very often, because protecting our environment is protecting ourselves.I hope that more and more people will take part in activity and make it a habit. Then our envrionment will be better and better. Should those who get Olympic medals be paid high? Recently years, with the development of sports in our country, more and more athletes winning Olympic medals get higher paid than others. Some people said that they deserve it. Because they have trained hard and won honor for our country. On the contrary, some other people are against this view, what they believe is that it is those athletes’job to win medals and honor for our country, it is just as what ordinary people do in their daily life.In my point of view, these athletes who have got medals and honor for our country should be rewarded but not too much.besides, they should not get higher paid than other athletes. Dear Peter: I am glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well. As a Chinese, I would like to give you some advice on learning Chinese. First, you can have some Chinese classes where you can learn some basic knowledge.Second; you should read more reading materials written in Chinese, such as books, newspapers magazines or whatever you are interested in. Third, you can also learn some Chinese by singing Chinese songs, which can not only give you some help but also make you inerested in learning Chinese.At last, I will recommend an easy and efficient way to learning Chinese, it is very simple, just make a or some Chinese friends, and they will definitely help you in a way. Personal Interests Interests for a person are just like stars in the dark sky. The night sky is not dull with the accompany of stars, so is interests for a person. I have a great number of interests, of which I like basketball best. Basketball, which has attracted many a fan, has been played around the world for about more than 100 hundred years. It can not only make my life colorful and enjoyable, but also make me healthier and more energitic than before. Every time I was down, I would prefer to play basketball, which can make me forget all my troubles. I also make lots of friends by playing basketball. So developing Personal interests is really a good thing to us. My Attitude towards Attending University In my point of view, attending university is very crucial and necessary for the development of a person. University is a place where you can not only learn some professional knowledge and skills but also you can learn how to communicate well with others,apart from these advantages, it is also a good place to make some true friends who you can hardly get after graduation. What’s more, the atmosphere in university is greatly different from that in society; you can join various clubs or voluntary programs which will benefit you a lot in your future life. All in all, university is not only a holy place to learn, but a palace to cultivate and develop yourselves as well. So it is necessary and crucial to attend university.
2014 年专业英语考试试题及参考答案 Part ⅠVocabulary and Structure(1×30 points) Directions: There are 30 incomplete statements in this part．You are required to complete each one by choosing the most appropriate word or expression from the four choices marked A, B, C and D, then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. 1.—Would you please give him the key as soon as he? —No problem. A. arrives B. appearing C. came D. reaches 2.He is now confined the hospital by illness. A. in B. to C. with D. at 3.Having no key to the door, the poor boy anxiously in the rain for one and a half hours, and he would wait till the mother arrived. A. was waiting B. had been waiting C. had waited D. would wait 4.Trying to wild life is a job that concerns all of us. A. deserve B. detect C. protect D. reserve 5.The 20 year old tennis player’s dream is to China at 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. A. support B. present C. represent D. compete 6.The residents living in these apartments have free to the swimming pool, the gym and other facilities. A. excess B. excursion C. access D. recreation 7.There are two major problems linked with atomic power plants, the first concerns nuclear waste. A. of which B. of the two C. of them D. of the plants 8.—What’s that newly built building? —the students have out of class activities, such as drawing and singing. A. It is the building that B. That’s where C. It is in which D. The building that 9.Tom has been most helpful to us; in fact I don’t know what we without him. A. have done B. will have done C. had done D. would have done 10.from heart trouble for years, Professor Black has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes. A. Suffered B. Suffering C. Having suffered D. Being suffered 11.While Tony was walking in the street, he came an old classmate of his. A. into B. across C. onto D. up with 12.Never before available for quick and easy access in so many different fields of study.
2010年成考专升本英语词汇表 1.enable sb to do sth使某人能做某事eg.The computer enables people to communicate with each other more conveniently./计算机使人们彼此间能更方便地交流。 2.be about to do sth… when正要做某事……突然……eg.I was about to go shopping when it suddenly began to rain./我刚要出去买东西，天就突然下雨了。 3.by accident/by chance/accidentally偶然地 https://www.doczj.com/doc/943345233.html,e across sb偶然遇见 5.act on sth依……行事eg.Each student should act on the rules and regulations of the school./每个学生都应该遵守学校的规章制度。 6.add to/add up to加上/总计达eg.The number of the patients added up to three hundred last week./上星期，病人人数达到了三百人。 7.in advance/ahead of time提前 8.after all毕竟 9.agree to do sth/agree with sb/agree to sth 10.aim at doing sth下定目标做某事eg.Aiming at winning the game，he practiced hard every day./为赢得比赛，他每天努力练习。 11.allow/permit/forbid doing sth允许/允许/禁止做某事 12.allow/permit/forbid sb to do sth允许/允许/禁止某人做某事 13.apologize to sb for sth因某事向某人道歉 14.take sth in one's arms抱着…… 15.arrive at a conclusion得出结论 16.put sb to shame使某人相形见绌eg.His courage put all the other students to shame./他的勇气令其他学生都感到惭愧不如。 17.be astonish at sth因某事感到震惊 18.make the bed铺床 19.blame sb for sth/it is me to blame因某事责怪某人/该受责怪的人是我 20.break down/break up/break out/break into坏了/驱散/爆发/破门而入 21.hold one's breath/out of breath摒住呼吸/上气不接下气 22.bring about/bring up引起，使发生/抚养长大 23.burst into tears/laughters突然大哭/大笑 24.burst out crying/laughing突然大哭/大笑 25.call at sp/call on sb/call up/call off/call out to/call for/call on sb to do拜访某地/拜访某人/打电话/取消/大喊/叫来/号召某人做某事 26.carry out/work out/point out/find out实现/做出/指出/查明 27.catch up with sb/keep up with sb/put up with sb赶上某人/跟上某人/容忍某人 28.change sth into sth/exchange sth for sth把……变成/交换eg.Can you change this note into coins？/你能把这张纸币换成硬币吗？eg.May I exchange this book for your new pen？/我能用这本书换你的新笔吗？ https://www.doczj.com/doc/943345233.html,e into being/come to oneself/形成/恢复意识eg.The new system came into being in the late 19th century./这种新体制在十九世纪后期开始形成。 30.have sth in common with sb和某人有共同点eg.The twins have a lot