数学公式的英语读法(ZT)
equation is like this…”, “The value is like this…”
有些公式不好写，能看出来什么意思就行了。
1.Logic
?there exist
?for all
p?q p implies q / if p, then q
p?q p if and only if q /p is equivalent to q / p and q are equivalent 2.Sets
x∈A x belongs to A / x is an element (or a member) of A
x?A x does not belong to A / x is not an element (or a member) of A A?B A is contained in B / A is a subset of B
A?B A contains B / B is a subset of A
A∩B A cap B / A meet B / A intersection B
A∪B A cup B / A join B / A union B
A\B A minus B / the diference between A and B
A×B A cross B / the cartesian product of A and B
3. Real numbers
x+1 x plus one
x-1 x minus one
x±1 x plus or minus one
xy xy / x multiplied by y
(x-y)(x+y) x minus y, x plus y
= the equals sign
x=5 x equals 5 / x is equal to 5
x≠5 x (is) not equal to 5
x≡y x is equivalent to (or identical with) y
x>y x is greater than y
x≥y x is greater than or equal to y
x x≤y x is less than or equal to y 0 0≤x≤1 zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equal to 1 |x| mod x / modulus x x2 x squared / x (raised) to the power 2 x3 x cubed x4 x to the fourth / x to the power 4 x n x to the nth / x to the power n x(?n)x to the (power) minus n x的平方根(square) root x / the square root of x x的三次根cube root (of) x x的四次根fourth root (of) x x的n次根nth root (of) x (x+y)2 x plus y all squared n! n factorial x^x hat xˉ x bar x? x tilde x i xi / x subscript i / x suffix i / x sub i ∑(i=1~n) a i the sum from i equals one to n a i / the sum as i runs from 1 to n of the a i 4. Linear algebra ‖x‖the norm (or modulus) of x OA→OA / vector OA OAˉ OA / the length of the segment OA A T A transpose / the transpose of A A?1 A inverse / the inverse of A 5. Functions f(x) fx / f of x / the function f of x f:S→T a function f from S to T x→y x maps to y / x is sent (or mapped) to y f’(x) f prime x / f dash x / the (first) derivative of f with respect to x f”(x) f double-prime x / f double-dash x / the second derivative of f with respect t o x f”’(x) triple-prime x / f triple-dash x / the third derivative of f with respect to x f (4) (x) f four x / the fourth derivative of f with respect to x ?f/?x1 the partial (derivative) of f with respect to x1 ?2f/?x12 the second partial (derivative) of f with respect to x1 ∫0∞ the integral from zero to infinity lim x→0the limit as x approaches zero lim x→0+the limit as x approaches zero from above lim x→0?the limit as x approaches zero from below log e y log y to the base e / log to the base e of y / natural log (of) y lny log y to the base e / log to the base e of y / natural log (of) y 常用的数学英语表述 1.Logic ?there exist ?for all p?q p implies q / if p, then q p?q p if and only if q /p is equivalent to q / p and q are equivalent 2.Sets x∈A x belongs to A / x is an element (or a member) of A x?A x does not belong to A / x is not an element (or a member) of A A?B A is contained in B / A is a subset of B A?B A contains B / B is a subset of A A∩B A cap B / A meet B / A intersection B A∪B A cup B / A join B / A union B A\B A minus B / the diference between A and B A×B A cross B / the cartesian product of A and B 3. Real numbers x+1 x plus one x-1 x minus one x±1 x plus or minus one xy xy / x multiplied by y (x - y)(x + y) x minus y, x plus y x y x over y = the equals sign x = 5 x equals 5 / x is equal to 5 x≠5 x (is) not equal to 5 x≡y x is equivalent to (or identical with) y x ≡ y x is not equivalent to (or identical with) y x > y x is greater than y x≥y x is greater than or equal to y x < y x is less than y x≤y x is less than or equal to y 0 < x < 1 zero is less than x is less than 1 0≤x≤1 zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equal to 1 | x | mod x / modulus x x 2 x squared / x (raised) to the power 2 x 3 x cubed x 4 x to the fourth / x to the power four 1.Logic ?there exist ?for all p?q p implies q / if p, then q p?q p if and only if q /p is equivalent to q / p and q are equivalent 2.Sets x∈A x belongs to A / x is an element (or a member) of A x?A x does not belong to A / x is not an element (or a member) of A A?B A is contained in B / A is a subset of B A?B A contains B / B is a subset of A A∩B A cap B / A meet B / A intersection B A∪B A cup B / A join B / A union B A\B A minus B / the diference between A and B A×B A cross B / the cartesian product of A and B 3. Real numbers x+1 x plus one x-1 x minus one x±1 x plus or minus one xy xy / x multiplied by y (x-y)(x+y) x minus y, x plus y = the equals sign x=5 x equals 5 / x is equal to 5 N的阶级 大写小写英文注音国际音标注音中文注音 Ααalpha alfa 阿耳法 Ββbeta beta 贝塔 Γγgamma gamma 伽马 Δδdeta delta 德耳塔 Εεepsilon epsilon 艾普西隆 Ζζzeta zeta 截塔 Ηηeta eta 艾塔 Θθtheta θita西塔 Ιιiota iota 约塔 Κκkappa kappa 卡帕 ∧λlambda lambda 兰姆达 Μμmu miu 缪 Ννnu niu 纽 Ξξxi ksi 可塞 Οοomicron omikron 奥密可戎 ∏πpi pai 派 Ρρrho rou 柔 ∑σsigma sigma 西格马 Ττtau tau 套 Υυupsilon jupsilon 衣普西隆 Φφphi fai 斐 Χχchi khai 喜 Ψψpsi psai 普西 Ωωomega omiga 欧米伽 符号表 符号含义 i -1的平方根 f(x) 函数f在自变量x处的值 sin(x) 在自变量x处的正弦函数值 exp(x) 在自变量x处的指数函数值，常被写作ex a^x a的x次方；有理数x由反函数定义 ln x exp x 的反函数 ax 同a^x logba 以b为底a的对数；blogba = a cos x 在自变量x处余弦函数的值 tan x 其值等于sin x/cos x cot x 余切函数的值或cos x/sin x sec x 正割含数的值，其值等于1/cos x csc x 余割函数的值，其值等于1/sin x asin x y，正弦函数反函数在x处的值，即x = sin y acos x y，余弦函数反函数在x处的值，即x = cos y atan x y，正切函数反函数在x处的值，即x = tan y acot x y，余切函数反函数在x处的值，即x = cot y asec x y，正割函数反函数在x处的值，即x = sec y acsc x y，余割函数反函数在x处的值，即x = csc y θ角度的一个标准符号，不注明均指弧度，尤其用于表示atan x/y，当x、y、z 用于表示空间中的点时 i, j, k 分别表示x、y、z方向上的单位向量(a, b, c) 以a、b、c为元素的向量 (a, b) 以a、b为元素的向量 (a, b) a、b向量的点积 a?b a、b向量的点积 (a?b) a、b向量的点积 |v| 向量v的模 |x| 数x的绝对值 Σ表示求和，通常是某项指数。下边界值写在其下部，上边界值写在其上部。如j从1到100的和可以表示成：。这表示1 + 2 + … + n M 表示一个矩阵或数列或其它 |v> 列向量，即元素被写成列或可被看成k×1阶矩阵的向量 数学运算符号的英文表达 小数、分数、百分数和运算符号 1. 小数表示法 (1) 小数的读法 小数点左边的数通常按基数词读，若为三位以上的数，也可按编码式读法读出，即将数字单个读出；小数点右边的数通常按编码式读法单个读出。如： 6.86 six point eight six 14.15 fourteen point one five 345.456 three four five point four five six 或three hundred and forty－five point four five six (2) 小数中“0”的读法 “0”在小数中通常读作nought（英）或zero（美），也可读作字母o。如： 0.08 （nought）point nought eight 或（zero）point zero eight 9.07 nine point o seven 2. 百分数表示法 百分数中的百分号％读作percent。如： 6% 读作 six percent 0.6% 读作（nought） point six percent 500% 读作five hundred percent 3. 倍数表示法 倍数表示方法很多，如： This room is four times as big as mine. 这个房间是我房间的四倍。 This room is three times larger than that one. 这个房间比那个房间大两倍。The output of coal has doubled. 煤的产量增加了一倍。 My aunt is as old again as I am. 我姑姑年龄比我大一倍。 Productivity is increased three fold. 生产效率提高了两倍。 The volume of the Sun is about 1,300,000 times that of the Earth. 太阳的体积约为地球的1300000倍。 4. 加减乘除式的读法 6+5＝11 Six plus five is eleven 或Six and five is eleven. 11-6＝5 Eleven minus six is five. 或Six from eleven is five. 4×5＝20 Four multiplied by five is twenty.或Four times five is twenty. 20÷4＝5 Twenty divided by four is five. 或Four into twenty goes five. 15:5＝3 The ratio of fifteen to five is three. 32 Three squared is nine. 23 Two cubed is eight. 24 The fourth power of two is sixteen. X^(1/2)=Y The square root of X is Y. X^(1/3)=Y The cubic root of X is Y. a ＞ b a is more than b. a ＜ b a is less than b. a ≈ b a approximately equals to b. a ≠ b a is not equal to b. 这些你都知道吗？以后给老外作报告的时候可千万别再“The equation is like this…”, “The value is like this…” 有些公式不好写，能看出来什么意思就行了。 1.Logic ?there exist ?for all p?q p im plies q / if p, then q p?q p if and only if q /p is equivalent to q / p and q are equivalent 2.Sets x∈A x belongs to A / x is an elem ent (or a m em ber) of A x?A x does not belong to A / x is not an elem ent (or a m em ber) of A A?B A is contained in B / A is a subset of B A?B A contains B / B is a subset of A A∩B A cap B / A m eet B / A intersection B A∪B A cup B / A join B / A union B A\B A m inus B / the diference between A and B A×B A cross B / the cartesian product of A and B 3. Real numbers x+1 x plus one x-1 x m inus one x±1 x plus or m inus one xy xy / x m ultiplied by y (x-y)(x+y) x m inus y, x plus y = the equals sign x=5 x equals 5 / x is equal to 5 x≠5 x (is) not equal to 5 x≡y x is equivalent to (or identical with) y x>y x is greater than y 数学及数字、符号英文读法 数字部分 (1)基数词的读法 我们先从基数词人手。首先掌握三位以内数字的读法，因为它是多位数字的基础，一旦熟练掌握，再借助一个逗号，便可轻松应付四位以上任何庞大的数字。我们可以通过例子来说明这一点。 ?3—5位数的读法 202读作：two hundred(and)two 234读作：two hundred(and)thirty-four 1，234读作：one thousand two hundred(and)thirtyfour 但是在读法上须注意以下几点： a．在英式英语中，一个数的最后两位(十位和个位)得用“and\'’，但美式英语中则不用。如：3，077读作：U.S：three thousand seventy—seven． b．不定冠词“a”只在数的开头才和hundred，thousand等连用。试比较： 146读作：ahundred(and)forty-six 2，146读作：twothousand，one hundred(and)fortysix c.1，000这个整数我们说athousand，在and前我们也说a thousand，但是在一个有百位数的数目前就得说one thousand试比较： 1,031读作：a thousand，(and)thirty-one, 1,150读作：one thousand，one hundred(and)fifty d.hundred，thousand和million这几个词的单数可以和：“a”者“one”连用，但是不能单独使用。在非正式文体中“a”比较常见；当我们说话比较准确的时候就用“one”试比较： I Want to live for a hundred years． The journey took exactly one hundred days． e.我们常常说eleven hundred(1，100)，twelve hundred(1,200)等，而不说one thous and one hundred．从1，100到1,900之间的整数，这种说法最常见。 5位以上数字的读法 高等数学所有符号的写法与读法 ￣hyphen 连字符 ' apostrophe 省略号；所有格符号— dash 破折号 ‘ ’single quotation marks 单引号“ ”double quotation marks 双引号( ) parentheses 圆括号 [ ] square brackets 方括号 Angle bracket {} Brace 《》French quotes 法文引号；书名号... ellipsis 省略号 ¨ tandem colon 双点号 " ditto 同上 ‖ parallel 双线号 ／virgule 斜线号 ＆ampersand = and ～swung dash 代字号 § section; division 分节号 → arrow 箭号；参见号 ＋plus 加号；正号 －minus 减号；负号 ± plus or minus 正负号 × is multiplied by 乘号 ÷ is divided by 除号 ＝is equal to 等于号 ≠ is not equal to 不等于号 ≡ is equivalent to全等于号 ≌ is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号≈ is approximately equal to 约等于号 ＜is less than 小于号 ＞is more than 大于号 ≮ is not less than 不小于号 ≯ is not more than 不大于号 ≤ is less than or equal to 小于或等于号 ≥ is more than or equal to 大于或等于号 ％per cent 百分之… ‰ per mill 千分之… ∞ infinity 无限大号 ∝ varies as 与…成比例 √ (square) root 平方根 ∵ since; because 因为 ∴ hence 所以 ∷ equals, as (proportion) 等于，成比例 .com中点读法是什么dot [简明英汉词典] [dCt] n.点, 圆点, 园点 各种符号的英语文读法: 'exclam'='!' 'at'='@' 'numbersign'='#' 'dollar'='$' 'percent'='%' 'caret'='^' 'ampersand'='&' 'asterisk'='*' 'parenleft'='(' 'parenright'=')' 'minus'='-' 'underscore'='_' 'plus'='+' 'bracketleft'='[' 'braceleft'='{' 'bracketright'=']' 'braceright'='}' 'semicolon'=';' 'colon'=':' 'quote'=''' 'doublequote'='"' 'backquote'=''' 'tilde'='~' 'backslash'='\' 'bar'='|' 'comma'=',' 'period'='.' 'greater'='>' 'slash'='/' 'question'='?' 'space'=' ' ￣hyphen 连字符 ' apostrophe 省略号;所有格符号—dash 破折号 ‘’single quotation marks 单引号“”double quotation marks 双引号( ) parentheses 圆括号 [ ] square brackets 方括号 Angle bracket {} Brace 《》French quotes 法文引号;书名号 ... ellipsis 省略号 ¨tandem colon 双点号 " ditto 同上 ‖parallel 双线号 / virgule 斜线号 & ampersand = and ~ swung dash 代字号 §section; division 分节号 →arrow 箭号;参见号 + plus 加号;正号 - minus 减号;负号 ±plus or minus 正负号 ×is multiplied by 乘号 ÷is divided by 除号 1.Logic \exists there exist \forall for all p q p implies q / if p, then q p q p if and only if q /p is equivalent to q / p and q are equivalent 2.Sets x∈A x belongs to A / x is an element (or a member) of A x A x does not belong to A / x is not an element (or a member) of A A B A is contained in B / A is a subset of B A B A contains B / B is a subset of A A∩B A cap B / A meet B / A intersection B A∪B A cup B / A join B / A union B A\B A minus B / the diference between A and B A×B A cross B / the cartesian product of A and B 3.Real numbers x+1 x plus one x-1 x minus one x±1 x plus or minus one xy xy / x multiplied by y (x - y)(x + y) x minus y, x plus y x y x over y = the equals sign x = 5 x equals 5 / x is equal to 5 x≠5 x (is) not equal to 5 x≡y x is equivalent to (or identical with) y x ≡ y x is not equivalent to (or identical with) y x > y x is greater than y x≥y x is greater than or equal to y x < y x is less than y x≤y x is less than or equal to y 0 < x < 1 zero is less than x is less than 1 0≤x≤1 zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equal to 1 | x | mod x / modulus x x 2 x squared / x (raised) to the power 2 x 3 x cubed x 4 x to the fourth / x to the power four x n x to the nth / x to the power n x n x to the (power) minus n x (square) root x / the square root of x 各种数学符号和表达式的英文读法.txt52每个人都一条抛物线，天赋决定其开口，而最高点则需后天的努力。没有秋日落叶的飘零，何来新春绿芽的饿明丽？只有懂得失去，才会重新拥有。各种数学符号和表达式的英文读法 一、一般符号对应的英文单词 ．period 句号 ，comma 逗号 ：colon 冒号 ；semicolon 分号 ！exclamation 惊叹号 ？question mark 问号 ￣hyphen 连字符 'apostrophe 省略号；所有格符号 —dash 破折号 ‘ ’single quotat ion marks 单引号 “ ”double quotation marks 双引号 ( )parentheses 圆括号 [ ]square brackets 方括号 《》French quotes 法文引号；书名号 ...ellipsis 省略号 ¨tandem colon 双点号 "ditto 同上 ‖parallel 平行 ／virgule 斜线号 ＆ampersand = and ～swung dash 代字号 §section; division 分节号 →arrow 箭号；参见号 ＋plus 加号；正号 －minus 减号；负号 aplus or minus 正负号 ×is multiplied by or cross 叉乘 ÷is divided by 除号 ＝is equal to 等于号 ≠is not equal to 不等于号 ≡is equivalent to 全等于号 ≌is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号 ≈is approximately equal to 约等于号 ＜is less than 小于号 ＞is more than （is greater than在数学中更常用）大于号 ≤is not less than 不小于号 ≥is not more than 不大于号 ?is less than or equal to 小于或等于号 ?is more than or equal to 大于或等于号 ％per cent 百分之… ?per mill 千分之… ∞infinity 无限大号 ∝varies as 与…成比例 √(square) root 平方根 ∵since; because 因为 ∴hence 所以 ∷equals, as (proportion) 等于，成比例 ∟angle 角 ?semicircle 半圆 ≦circle 圆 ○circumference 圆周 πpi 圆周率 △triangle 三角形 ≧perpendicular to 垂直于；另外normal to，right to也都有垂直的意思。∪union of 并，合集 ∩intersection of 交，通集 ∫the integral of …的积分 ∑(sigma) summation of 总和 ?degree 度 ?min ute 分 ?second 秒 ＃pound …号 ∏ pi . dot (点乘就是centered dot) f' f prime f撇 A上面一个横杠：A bar A上面一个星星*： A asterisk + plus加号；正号 - minus减号；负号 ±plus or minus正负号 ×is multiplied by乘号 ÷is divided by除号 ＝is equal to等于号 ≠is not equal to不等于号 ≡is equivalent to全等于号 ≌is equal to or approximately equal to等于或约等于号≈is approximately equal to约等于号 ＜is less than小于号 ＞is greater than大于号 ≮is not less than不小于号 ≯is not more than不大于号 ≤is less than or equal to小于或等于号 ≥is more than or equal to大于或等于号 % per cent百分之… ‰per mill千分之… ∞infinity无限大号 ∝varies as与…成比例 √(square) root平方根 ∵since; because因为 ∴hence所以 ∷equals, as (proportion)等于，成比例 ∠angle角 ?semicircle半圆 ?circle圆 ○circumference圆周 πpi 圆周率 △triangle三角形 ?perpendicular to垂直于 ∪union of并，合集 ∩intersection of 交，通集 ∫the integral of …的积分 ∑(sigma) summation of总和 °degree度 ′minute分 ″second秒 ℃Celsius system摄氏度 {open brace, open curly左花括号 }close brace, close curly右花括号 17.2.1999/H.V¨a liaho Pronunciation of mathematical expressions The pronunciations of the most common mathematical expressions are given in the list below.In general,the shortest versions are preferred(unless greater precision is necessary). 1.Logic ?there exists ?for all p?q p implies q/if p,then q p?q p if and only if q/p is equivalent to q/p and q are equivalent 2.Sets x∈A x belongs to A/x is an element(or a member)of A x/∈A x does not belong to A/x is not an element(or a member)of A A?B A is contained in B/A is a subset of B A?B A contains B/B is a subset of A A∩B A cap B/A meet B/A intersection B A∪B A cup B/A join B/A union B A\B A minus B/the di?erence between A and B A×B A cross B/the cartesian product of A and B 3.Real numbers x+1x plus one x?1x minus one x±1x plus or minus one xy xy/x multiplied by y (x?y)(x+y)x minus y,x plus y x x over y y =the equals sign x=5x equals5/x is equal to5 x=5x(is)not equal to5 数学式和数学用语的英文读法 一、Number 数字 106：one million 109：one billion (or one thousand million) 1012：one trillion (or one million million) 1015：one quadrillion(or one thousand million million) 1018：one quintillion (or one million million million) 二、Fractions 分数 通常将分子读为基数，将分母读为序数。 1/2： a (or one) half 1/3： a (or one) third 1/4： a quarter or one fourth 2/3：two thirds, two over three, or two by three 9/10：nine tenths, nine over ten, or nine by ten 4‰：four per mill (or mil) 三、Decimals 小数 0.4：zero (or naught) point four .01：point (or decimal) naught (or oh) one 12.34：twelve point three four 30.45：thirty point four five, 0.3333333…..：point three repeating (or recurring) 四、Mathematic Forms 数学式 (4-1) Addition 加法 1+2=3： One and two are three. 2+3=5： Two plus three equals five. 4+0=4： Four and naught is equal to four. 45+70+152=267： 45, 70 and 152 added are (or make) 267 the sum (or total) is 267. (4-2) Subtraction 减法 一、一般符号对应的英文单词 ．period 句号 ，comma 逗号 ：colon 冒号 ；semicolon 分号 ！exclamation 惊叹号 ？question mark 问号 ─ hyphen 连字符 ? apostrophe 省略号；所有格符号 — dash 破折号 …?single quotation marks 单引号 “”double quotation marks 双引号 ( ) parentheses 圆括号 [ ] square brackets 方括号 《》French quotes 法文引号；书名号... ellipsis 省略号 ¨ tandem colon 双点号 " ditto 同上 ‖parallel 平行 ／virgule 斜线号 ＆ampersand = and ～swung dash 代字号 § section; division 分节号 → arrow 箭号；参见号 ＋plus 加号；正号 －minus 减号；负号 ± plus or minus 正负号 × is multiplied by or cross 叉乘 ÷ is divided by 除号 ＝is equal to 等于号 ≠ is not equal to 不等于号 ≡ is equivalent to 全等于号 ≌is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号 ≈ is approximately equal to 约等于号 ＜is less than 小于号 ＞is more than （is greater than在数学中更常用）大于号≮is not less than 不小于号 ≯is not more than 不大于号 ≤ is less than or equal to 小于或等于号 ≥ is more than or equal to 大于或等于号 ％per cent 百分之… ‰ per mill 千分之… ∞ infinity 无限大号 ∝varies as 与…成比例 √ (square) root 平方根 ∵since; because 因为 ∴hence 所以 ∷equals, as (proportion) 等于，成比例 这些数学符号用英文怎么读 1)+plus加号；正号 a)minus减号；负号 2)±plus or minus正负号 3)×is multiplied by乘号 4)÷is divided by除号 5)＝is equal to等于号 6)≠is not equal to不等于号 7)≡is equivalent to全等于号 8)≌is equal to or approximately equal to等于或约等于号 9)≈is approximately equal to约等于号 10)＜is less than小于号 11)＞is greater than大于号 12)≮is not less than不小于号 13)≯is not more than不大于号 14)≤is less than or equal to小于或等于号 15)≥is more than or equal to大于或等于号 16)%per cent百分之… 17)‰per mill千分之… 18)∞infinity无限大号 19)∝varies as与…成比例 20)√(square) root平方根 21)∵since; because因为 22)∴hence所以 23)∷equals, as (proportion)等于，成比例 24)∠angle角 25)?semicircle半圆 26)?circle圆 27)○circumference圆周 28)πpi 圆周率 i.triangle三角形 29)?perpendicular to垂直于 30)∪union of并，合集 31)∩intersection of 交，通集 32)∫the integral of …的积分 33)∑(sigma) summation of总和 34)°degree度 35)′minute分 36)″second秒 37)℃Celsius system摄氏度 38){open brace, open curly左花括号 39)}close brace, close curly右花括号 40)(open parenthesis, open paren左圆括号 41))close parenthesis, close paren右圆括号 1.Logic ? there exist ? for all p?q p implies q / if p, then q p?q p if and only if q /p is equivalent to q / p and q are equivalent 2.Sets x∈A x belongs to A / x is an element (or a member) of A x?A x does not belong to A / x is not an element (or a member) o f A A?B A is contained in B / A is a subset of B A?B A contains B / B is a subset of A A∩B A cap B / A meet B / A intersection B A∪B A cup B / A join B / A union B A\B A minus B / the diference between A and B A×B A cross B / the cartesian product of A and B 3. 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