当前位置:文档之家› 形容词型分词

形容词型分词

形容词型分词
形容词型分词

形容词型分词

记得前两天有旺友问“动词+ed"作形容词的问题,刚好张道真的一本语法书上有很详细的介绍,准备把它拿到这和大家共享。有点长,而我打字又慢,慢慢输吧,争取在7-10天内完成:)

起形容词作用的分词(形容词型分词)

a. 分词作定语的用法

1)总的特点

分词可以作定语,修饰或是限制一个名词,可以放在它前面,也可以放在它后面。一般说来,简单分词可以放在名词前面,分词短语放在名词后面。

a)放在名词前面的分词

1/表示动作的分词:

一个现在分词或过去分词放在名词前时,可以表示一时的动作,这时它的动词特点胜过形容词特点,相当于一个定语从句

Do you see the rising sun(=sun which is rising) in the east?

They tried to surround the retreating troops (=troops which were retreating).

The roaring lion frightened all the animals in the jungle.

They tried to deliver the besieged city (=city which was being besieged).

These repeated efforts(=efforts which were being repeated) were still inadequate.

Those oppressed nations (=nations that are being oppressed ) are rising to liberate themselves.

2/表示特点的分词:

它也可以表示比较长久或永久性的特点。这时它的形容词特点胜过它的动词特点:

Germs are living creatures (=not inanimate things, creatures that can live).

She is a charming lady (attractive lady, lady who charms others)

The working classes are usually poor.

There were many flying fish.

We watched the moving pictures (=motion pictures)

Used cars (=old cars,cars which have been used) are cheaper than new ones/

Stolen love (=Secret love, love which is stolen), though dangerous, tastes exceptionally sweet.

This printed matter may be sent by mail.

3/和用作形容词的动名词的差别:

用在名词前的现在分词和用在名词前起形容词作用的动名词是有区别的,从意思上、重音上及是否加连字号,都有区别。下面各对句子中,第一句中带-ing词尾的动词为分词,第二句中带-ing词尾的动词为动名词:

Boiling water(=Water that is boiling) can produce enormous power.

Water begins to boil at the boiling-point(=point at which liquid boils;而不是point which boils).

He is a walking dictionary (=dictionary that canwalk,

learned man).

He came with a walking-stick (=stick for walking;非stick that os walking)

How clever that dancing bear (=bear that is dancing) is!

He is a dancing-master (=master who teaches dancing).

Someone said many years ago thatChinawas a sleeping lion (=lion that was sleeping).

He is in the sleeping-car (=car for sleeping,而不是 car that is sleeping).

Running water is cleaner than stagnant water.

It is a running-track for sportsmen.

4/用作名词的情况

和形容词一样,某些分词在加the时(后面不跟名词),可以代表一类人或一种抽象东西:

Which are more numerous, the dead or the living (=the living people)

Something must be done immediately with the wounded and the dying.

What should we do with the oppressed, the defeated the insulted and the injured?

Can we say anything about the unseen (=the thing unseen) and the unknown (=the thing unknown)?

放在名词后的分词

放在名词后的分词多数是分词短语,它可以变成一个定语从句(尽管定语从句不一定都能变成分词短语):

1/表示一时动作的分词短语:

The danger threatening the world (=which is threatening the area ) is too many people with too little food.

They looked on at the city being attacked by the enemy (=which was being attacked by the enemy).

The man being followed by guards (=who are being followed by guards) is a party leader.

2/表示长久特点的分词短语:

A man respecting others (=who respects others ) will be respected.

Can you teach a boy refusing to be taught (=who refuses to be taught)?

It is difficult to save a man enchanted by the beauty of a woman.

Books called the comics (=that are called the comics ) are sometimes harmful to children.

Any books well read (=that are well read ) are good books and any men well treated are good men.

名词前作定语的分词

a)用在名词前的不及物现在分词

名词前的现在分词多数为不及物动词:

The trembling criminal hung his head.

Do you see the floating bridge there?

She is a doting mother.

The existing situation will last some years.

In the field are nodding trees, murmuring rivulets, smiling flowers, singing birds, swimming ducks and playing children.

He is an uncompromising diplomat.

It proves futile in spite of all untiring efforts.

This upright man always takes an unswerving course.

It is an unavailing plot.

There is an undying friendship between them.

b)用在名词前的及物现在分词

1/意义上的宾语为‘人’的情况:

及物动词的分词也可用在名词前面,但它们大多表示情绪。它们的意义上的宾语指一般人或某些人,是不说出的。

It is a charming story=It is a story that charms us (me,you or anyone).

We have an encouraging prospect. =We have a prospect

that encourages us.

This exciting experience made him sleepless. =This experience, which excited him, made him sleepless.

It is an interesting (or surprising, amazing, moving, entertaining, affecting ) story.

He has a puzzling problem to solve.

In the forest there happened a shocking (or frightening ) case of murder.

Her fascinating eyes and her tempting mouth put you in a reverie.

It is a misleading statement, a deceiving promise.

An unconvincing rumor spread over the city.

2/意义上的宾语为‘物’的情况:

有少数及物动词的分词,它们的意义上的宾语也不说出,却是指‘物’的,这时要经过琢磨才知道宾语是什么:

It is an arresting sight (=a sight that arrests somebody's attention), an imploring look (=a look that implores somebody's help), a revealing story (= a story that reveals things hidden or kept secret), a deserving cause (=a cause that deserves sympathy or help).

He is a grasping attorney (an attorney who are eager

to grasp money).

A knowing man (=a man who knows all the secret),

an understanding man (a man who understands others' feelings),

a forbidding headmaster (=a headmaster who forbids others to approach or to like him),

a loving father (=a father who loves children or others),

a promising youth (a youth who promises to suceed), a designing businessman (=a bisinessman who designs

some intrigues),

an unfeeling judge (=judge who feels no sympathy),

an unforgiving father (=a father who does not forgive any fault),

an unthinking playboy(=a playboy who does not think of the consequences)

an unsparing housewife (=housewilfe who does not spare money),

an unassuming scholar (=a scholar who does not assume importance),

an unpretending manager (=a manager who does not pretend importance).

c)用在名词前的及物过去分词

1/一般过去分词:

及物动词的过去分词常可用在名词前作它的修饰语。它表示同句谓语动词所表示的动作发生时正在被进行的一个动作,也可以表示那时之前一个被动动作的后果:

He is an honoured abd respected professor (=professor who is honoued and respected).

We live in a crowded area.

The oppressed natons are beginning to rise.

The persecuted patriot hid himself in the jungle.

I drink boiled water (=water that has been boiled before, but is no more boiled and is free from germs now ).

There are many trained nurses (=nurses who have been trained before, but are efficient now) in this hospital.

Don't tread on the broken glass (=glass that has been broken before, but may hurt somebody's feet now).

Used cars cost cheaper than new ones.

There are thousands of wounded soldiers in this lost battle.

He is a qualified teacher.

2/已失去动词特点的分词:

a/以-en(或-n)结尾的过去分词

有不少过去分词已失去动词特点,成为纯粹的形容词,它们有些以-en(或-n)结尾:

His honesty is a proven fact.

I like frozen fruit.

This is the tomb of forgotten heroes.

How hot is molten iron?

It is said the devil has cloven hoofs.

Some drunken sailors are fighting in the street. Do you see the hidden meaning of this letter?

下面词组中也包含这种分词:

形容词化的过去分词

4.注意的四种结构: have something to do 有某事要做 have something done 使某事被做 have somebody do something 使某人做某事 have something doing 让某事一直做着 来自系表结构的过去分词(形容化) 有些过去分词(词组)因来自系表结构而不含被动色彩,如dressed like, dressed in, satisfied with, devoted to, tired of, born in, seated, pleased with, interested in, surprised at, prepared for, lost /absorbed in等。例如: Do you know the man seated on that stone? 你认识坐在那块石头上的那个人吗? Don't you know the girl dressed in a red skirt ? 你不认识穿红裙子的那个女孩吗? 有些过去分词因来源于系表结构,作状语时不表被动而表主动.这样的过去分词及短语常见的有:lost (迷路); seated (坐); hidden (躲); stationed (驻扎); lost / absorbed in (沉溺于); born (出身于); dressed in (穿着); tired of (厌烦)。 (2) Lost / Absorbed in deep thought ,he didn't hear the sound.因为沉溺于思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音。

复合形容词的构成

Task2 复合形容词得构成1、数词+名词(单数) one-child (独生子女 得)two—hour (两小时得) three-good (三好得) 100-pound(一百磅得) 2、数词+ 名词(单数)+ 形容词three-year-old(三岁 得) seven—foot—wi 8000—meter de(七英尺得)? —long (8000米得) six-me ter—tall (六米高得)?3、数词+名词+”—ed”

one-eyed (独眼得) four-storeyed (四层得) two-faced (两面得) four—footed(四只脚得) three-legged (三条腿得) 4。形容词+名词 full-time (全日制得) high-class (高级得) second—hand(二手得) part-time(业余得) mid—term (期中得) final—term(期末得)?fir st—class/rate(一流得)

5、形容词+名词+“—ed”kind-hearted(好心肠 得)cold-blooded(冷血得) warm—hearted(热心肠 得) blue—eyed(蓝眼睛得) middle-aged(中年 得)red—lippe d(红嘴唇得) 6、形容词(副)+现在分词 good-looking(长相好瞧 得)ugly-looking(长相丑陋得)

easy—looking (长相随与 得)tired—looking(面容疲劳得) hard-working (勤奋 得)ever-lasting(永恒得) 7.形容词/副词+过去分词?new-bo rn (新生得) so-c alled(所谓得) hard-won (来之不易得) well-dressed(衣着好得)?ready-made(现存得)newly—built (新建得)?recently-b uilt (刚建得)

谈谈初中英语中表示情绪感觉的分词形容词

英语中表示情绪感觉的分词形容词 一、表示情绪感觉的分词形容词由意为“使/让……”的及物动词加-ing 或-ed构成。学生应该明白去掉此类词的分词形式即-ing或-ed,得到的是及物动词。这类及物动词有一个通用的句型:Sb./Sth.+Vt+Sb. 例如:What scares me most is that I'm going to fail in my English exam. 最让我担心的是我会在英语考试中不及格。 It embarrassed him that he had no idea of what was going on. 对所发生的事情一无所知,这让他很难堪。 二、表情绪感觉的V-ed分词形容词表示人自内心产生的一种感觉,故其所描述修饰的成分一般是有生命有思想的生物,主要是人,也包括有些动物。往往译作“感到……的”,其通用的句型之一为:Sb + Link Verb(连系动词)+ V-ed {+ prep.(介词) + Sb./Sth}. 例如: Roberta felt frustrated and angry. 罗伯塔既灰心又生气。 Her cat is interested in balls. 她的猫对球感兴趣。 三、表情绪感觉的V-ing分词形容词表示外界的人或事物造成的影响给人一种感觉,故此类形容词形容人或物均可(而很多的参考书上却武断地指出此类形容词用来形容物,这明显是不符合事实的,提醒大家注意)。往往译作“令人……的”或“……人的”,其有一种常用的句式为:Sb./Sth. + Link Verb+ V-ing. 例如: Travelling is tiring. 旅行很累人。 That guy is very interesting. 那家伙很有趣。 四、绝大多数表示情绪感觉的分词形容词都有对称的V-ed和V-ing形式,但有少数词没有对应的V-ing形容词,表达此种意义时会用到另外一个词。如:scare – scared –scary,delight –delighted –delightful。另外,还有少数词除了有对应的V-ing形式,还可以找到另外的词语来表达此种含义。如:please –pleased –pleasing/pleasant,satisfy –satisfied –satisfying/satisfactory,worry – worried – worrying/worrisome。

英语复合形容词的构成方法

英语复合形容词的构成方法 一、用分词等构成的复合形容词 1. 用过去分词构成。如: a candle-lit table 一张点着蜡烛的桌子 a horse-drawn cart 一辆马车 a self-employed author 专业作家 a tree-lined a venue 三股车道的大路 2. 用现在分词构成。如: a long-playing record 密纹唱片 a long-suffering parent 长期受苦的父母 a time-consuming jo b 费时的工作 3. 用看上去像分词而实际上是由“名词加-ed”合成的词构成。如:cross-eyed 内斜视的 flat-chested 扁平胸的 hard-hearted 无情的 open-minded 头脑开通的 quick-witted 机敏的 slow-footed 脚步慢的 二、表示度量等的复合形容词 基数词可与名词(一般用单数)构成复合形容词表示时间、度量等。如: 1. 年龄 a three-year-old building 一座有3年之久的建筑物 a twenty-year-old man 一位20岁的男子 2. 面积/ 体积/ 容积 a sixty-acre farm 一个占有60英亩的农场 a two-litre car 汽缸容量为2公升的小汽车 a five-litre can一个五公升的桶 3. 持续时间 a four-hour meeting 历时4小时的会议 a two-day conference 为期两天的会议 4. 长度/ 深度/ 高度 a twelve-inch ruler 一把12英寸的尺子 a four-foot ladder 一个四英尺长的梯子 a ten-story building 一座10层高的楼

形容词的类别

形容词的类别 A形容词主要有以下几类: (a)指示形容词: this这个that那个 these这些those那些(参见第9节。) (b)个体形容词: each各个every每个(参见第46节。) either(两者之中)任一neither(两者)都不(参见第49节。)(c)数量形容词: some一些any任何no没有(参见第50节。) little很少(不可数)few很少(可数)(参见第5节。) many许多(可数)much许多(不可数)(参见第25节。)one一个twenty 二十(参见第349节。) (d)疑问形容词: which哪一个what什么whose谁的(参见第54节。) (e)所有格形容词: my我的your你的 his他的her她的its它的 our我们的your你们的their他(她,它)们的 (f)性质形容词: clever聪明的dry干的

fat胖的golden金色的 good好的heavy重的 square方的 B分词当形容词用 现在分词(ing形式)和过去分词(ed形式)都可以当形容词用。 用这类词时要小心,切勿互相搞混。现在分词作形容词时(如amusing有趣的,boring无聊的,tiring使人疲倦的等)是主动语态,指产生某种效果或感触。过去分词作形容词时(如amused感到有趣,horrified感到恐怖,tired感到疲倦等)是被动语态,指所受影响是怎样的。 The play was boring.(The audience was bored.) 这场演出没意思。(观众感到没意思。) The work was tiring.(The workers were soon tired.) 这是一项繁重的工作。(工人们很快就累了。) The scene was horrifying.(The spectators were horrified.) 这场面太恐怖了。(旁观者都感到毛骨悚然。) an infuriating woman(She made us furious.) 一位使人发怒的女人(她使我们发怒。) an infuriated woman(Something had made her furious.) 一位被激怒了的女人(某事使她发怒。) C一致关系 英语中形容词只有一种形式。名词不分单复数或阴阳性,都与这种形容词连用: a good boy一个好男孩 good boys几个好男孩

复合形容词

【引用】英语复合形容词的构成形式归纳 复合形容词由两个或两个以上的单词构成,词与词之间常加连字符“-”。例如:warm-blooded(热血的)。复合形容词是英语词汇教学的重要组成部分。掌握复合形容词有助于学生扩大词汇量,提高解题和阅读能力。复合形容词的构成规律体现了知识之间的融汇贯通。常见复合形容词按其构成可分为以下几种情况: 1. 数词+ 名词(单数) one-child (独生子女的) two-hour (两小时的) three-good (三好的) 100-pound (一百磅的) 2. 数词+ 名词(单数) + 形容词 这种复合形容词作定语时也大多相当于“介词of+名词”构成的短语,表示被修饰词的年龄、新旧、持续时间、地点、距离、面积、体积、长度、宽度、深度、速度、重量、字数、钱数或价格等,翻译时采取直译法。例如: a seven-year-old girl = a girl of seven years(一个七岁的女孩[表年龄]), a 50-meter-wide river = a river 50 meters wide(一条50米宽的河[表宽度]), a ten-meter-tall tree = a tree ten meters tall(一棵10米高的树[表高度]). three-year-old (三岁的)seven-foot-wide (七英尺的)

8000-meter-long (8000米长的) six-meter-tall (六米高的) 3. 数词+ 名词+ ”-ed” one-eyed (独眼的) four-storeyed (四层的) two-faced (两面的) four-footed (四只脚的) three-legged (三条腿的) 4.形容词+名词 full-time (全日制的) high-class (高级的) second-hand(二手的)part-time(业余的) mid-term (期中的)final-term (期末的) first-class/ rate(一流的) 5. 形容词+ 名词+ “-ed” kind-hearted(好心肠的)cold-blooded (冷血的) warm-hearted(热心肠的)blue-eyed(蓝眼睛的) middle-aged(中年的) red-lipped(红嘴唇的) 6. 形容词(副)+现在分词 这种复合形容词中的现在分词于形容词之间具有系表关系。其中的现在分词在时间上多表示经常,语态上则表示被动。这种形容词作定语时相当于主系表关系的定语从句,翻译时采取倒译法.例如: a funny-looking man = a man who looks funny (一个长滑稽的人), a bad-smelling fish = a fish which smells bad(一条臭鱼)。 good-looking(长相好看的)ugly-looking(长相丑陋的) easy-looking (长相随和的)tired-looking(面容疲劳的)

形容词化的过去分词

形容词化的过去分词。 简单介绍如下 形容词化的过去分词,通常失去被动的含义,表示主语存在的状态,可以是表语、状语、补语、定语,我们最熟悉的词莫过于interested 感兴趣 sb be interested in sth. 英语中这样的词很多,有些还能用被动的意思理解如: She was absorbed in the book. 她被这部电影吸引了。/她专心于这本书。 比较常见有: accused(被控告的,被告的) affected(受到打动、或震动的、受(疾病)侵袭的、受到影响的) amused(高兴、开心的) astonished(惊异、吃惊的) annoyed(厌烦的) addicted(有瘾、上瘾的) amazed(惊奇的) absorbed(专心于……的,全神贯注于……的) accustomed(惯常的、通常的;习惯的、适应了的) advanced(先进的、高级的) born(出生的) bored(烦恼的) boiled(煮沸的、煮熟的) based on(以……为基础、在……基础之上) broken(破碎的、碎了的) confused(混乱的、乱七八糟的;困惑的、惶惑的) connected(有关连的;连在一起的) dressed(表衣着情况) delighted(快乐的) devoted(热爱、忠实的;专心于……的;献身于……的) depressed(抑郁的) embarrassed(尴尬的、难为情的) excited(激动的) exposed(暴露的、无遮蔽的) furnished(家具或办公用品装备好的) frozen(冷藏的、冷冻的) frightened(惊吓、害怕的) faced with(面对) hidden(藏着的、藏好的) interested(对……感兴趣的) impressed(铭记在心的、感人的) injured(受伤的、受到伤害的) lost(消失、陷入、丢失、迷路的) located(位于……的)

复合形容词总结

复合形容词 从词法角度看,复合形容词有以形容词为中心、以动词的分词为中心、以名词(包括名词+ 后缀-ed)为中心、以及介词短语四大类型: 1. 以形容词为中心的复合形容词 (1)名词+ 形容词:fat-free(不含脂肪的),toll-free(不交费的),maintenance-free (无需维修的),dust-free(无尘的),interest-free(无息的),care-free(无忧无虑的),nuclear-weapon-free(无核武器的),line-dry(一晾就干的),world-famous(闻名世界的),stone-deaf(完全聋的),life-long(终生的),grass-green(草绿色的),bloodthirsty(嗜血成性的),dog-tired(累极了的),home-sick(想家的),threadbare(穿旧的),heartsick(沮丧的)。 (2)形容词+ 形容词:wet-cold(湿冷的),icy-cold(冰冷的),red-hot(炽热的),bitter-sweet(又苦又甜的,又苦又乐的),light-blue(浅蓝的),deaf-mute(又聋又哑的)。 (3)现在分词+ 形容词:steaming-hot、smoking-hot(滚烫的、热气腾腾的),soaking-wet、wringing-wet(湿淋淋的,湿得可拧出水来的),biting-cold、freezing-cold(冷得刺骨的,冰冷的)。 (4)副词+ 形容词:ever-victorious(战无不胜的),over-cautious(过分小心的),all-round (全面的)。 2. 以动词的分词为中心的复合形容词。 (1)名词+ 现在分词:peace-loving(爱好和平的),time-saving(省时间的),summer-flowering(夏天开花的),ocean-going(远洋的)。 (2)名词+ 过去分词:heart-felt(衷心的),air-borne(空降的,空运的),home-made (家制的),travel-worn(旅行得疲乏的),hen-pecked(怕老婆的),book-filled(放满书的),poverty-stricken(贫困不堪的)。 (3)形容词(或副词)+ 现在分词:fresh-frozen(速冻的),easy-going(随和的),familiar-sounding(听来熟悉的),hard-working(努力工作的),ever-lasting(永恒的)。 (4)形容词(或副词)+ 过去分词:newly-developed(新发展起来的),well-balanced (平衡了的),far-fetched(牵强附会的),half-baked(烤得半生不熟的,肤浅的),hard-won (来之不易的),quick-frozen(速冻的)。 3. 以名词(包括名词+ 后缀-ed)为中心的复合形容词 (1)名词+ 名词+ -ed:hot-tempered(急性子的),chick-en hearted(胆怯的,软弱的),honey-mouthed(甜言蜜语的),pa-per-backed(平装本的)。 (2)形容词+ 名词+ -ed : short-sighted(近视的),tender-hearted(软心肠的),sweet-tempered(性情温和的)。 (3)形容词+ 名词:long-distance(长途的),full-length(全长的,未删节的),white-collar (白领阶层的),red-letter(喜庆的)。 (4)动词+ 名词:break-neck(危险的),telltale(搬弄是非的),cut-rate(减价的,次等的)。 4. 介词短语构成的复合形容词 在现代英语中,许多介词短语都可以放在名词前面作为修饰语。 例如at-risk(处境危险的);Men over 45 are becoming the new at-risk population for significant problems with anxiety and depression。 in-your-face(明目张胆的):The message behind his in-your-face taunt: Get with the program; support the GOP Contract with America; adapt - or else!

英语单词学习:有些词可当过去分词,也可当形容词

英语单词学习:有些词可当过去分词,也可当形容词在英语里,有些词是可当过去分词,也可当形容词的。“-ed分词”,即传统语法上,我们所谓的“过去分词”。它的用法有两个特点:一是表示完成,二是表示被动。规则动词的过去分词在动词原形后加“ed”构成,所以我们也称之为“-ed分词”。 在英语中,一些动词的过去分词可以转化成形容词,在句子中充当修饰语、主语补语以及宾语补语。今天小编与大家一起学习,“-ed分词”如何用作前置修饰语? 用作前置修饰语的“-ed分词”主要分为两大类: 一、来自及物动词的“-ed分词”。 这类“-ed分词”通常带有被动和完成意义。例如: frozen food 冷冻食品 a closed shop 一家关门的商店 written language 书面语言 a finished paper一篇完成的论文 bored students 无聊的学生们 a broken window 一扇被打碎的窗户 这里应当注意,有些及物动词的“-ed分词”不能直接用作前置修饰语,必须加上前缀或副词。例如: an uninvited guest 一个未受邀的客人 newly-born children 新生儿 an unexpected event 一件出乎意料的事 highly- developed technology 飞速发展的技术

二、来自不及物动词的“-ed分词”。 有该种用法的词数量有限,且这类“-ed分词”仅仅表示完成意义。 a retired worker= a worker who has retired 退休工人 the risen moon= the moon has just risen 刚升起的月亮 a grown student= a person who has grown to a man’s size 一个成年学生 由上我们可知,英语中,词语用法,重在一个“变”。单词形式不一,用法也就有所区别,尤其是这类动词分词的形容词用法,更是需要我们牢牢掌握,以便灵活运用。

复合形容词大总结

(1.)数词+名词(单数) one –child (独生子的) two- hour (两小时的) three -good (三好的)five-day 五天的 (2.)数词+名词(单容词)+形容词 four -year -old 四周岁的 six –inch- tall 六英尺高的 seven -foot -wide 七英尺宽的 30-storey- high 三十层高的 800 -meter –long八百米长的 (3)数词+名词+ed one-eyed (独眼的) four-storeyed (四层的) two-faced (两面的) three- legged (三条腿的) four- footed (四足的) (4)形容词+普通名词 full-time (全日制的;全职的) second-hand(经营旧货的)mid-term(期中的) first-rate (第一流的) high-class(高级的) large-scale(大规模的) (5)形容词+名词+ed kind-hearted (好心的) cold-blooded (无情的,冷血的) noble-minded (高尚的) warm-hearted (热情的) blue-eyed (蓝眼睛的) middle-aged (中年的) red-lipped (红嘴唇的) good-tempered (脾气好的) long-winged(长翅膀的)narrow-minded(心胸狭窄的) absent-minded(心不在焉的) long-legged(腿长的)sleepy-eyed (睡眼惺忪的)neat-handed( 手巧的) short/long-sighted (近/远视的) far-sighted(有远见的) long-eared(耳朵长的) straight-faced(板着脸的) ill-tempered( 脾气不好的) good-tempered(脾气很好的)sweet-tempered (性情温和的) tender –hearted(软心肠的) light-fingered(爱小偷小摸的) red-nosed(红鼻子的) red-haired(白发的)a silver-tongued actor (能言善辩的演员) dark-skinned Africans (黑皮肤的非洲人)thick-skinned(厚脸皮的)good-natured (天性善良的)

合成形容词(含分词)

合成形容词(含分词) 曲靖市第二中学杨绍斌 该类分词短语的构成是有规律的,根据合成词是由现在分词还是由过去分词构成主要可以分成两类: 第一类,由现在分词构成的合成形容词主要有四类: 1) 名词+及物动词的现在分词 ice-thawing visit 融冰之旅 该短语的内部逻辑结构为:visit→thaw→ice 。从其逻辑结构可与看出:被修饰的名词“visit”和合成形容词内部的动词“thaw”是“主–谓”关系,“thaw”和另一个名词“ice”可构成“动–宾”关系,故“thaw”用其现在分词,更多的例词: face-swapping skill→skill swaps face变脸技巧 caffeine-containing drinks →drinks contain caffeine含咖啡因的饮料 peace-keeping force →force keeps peace维和部队 freedom-loving people →people love freedom热爱自由的民族 a man-eating beast →a beast eats man一只吃人的野兽 2) 名词+不及物动词的现在分词 a sky-walking kite 在高空飞翔的风筝 该短语的内部逻辑结构为:kite→walk→in the sky 从其逻辑结构可以看出:被修饰的名词“kite”和合成形容词内部的动词“walk”是“主–谓”关系,“walk”和另外一个名词“sky”可形成逻辑上的动词(即谓语)和状语的关系,故“walk”用其现在分词,更多的例词: a night-walking animal→an animal walks at night 夜行动物 a winter-blooming plant →a plant blooms in winter 冬季开花的植物 a sky-flying kite →a kite flies in the sky 在空中飞行的风筝 a desert-dwelling tribe →a bribe dwells in the desert 生活在沙漠中的部落 3) 名词/形容词+系动词的现在分词 fossil-appearing objects类似化石的物质/ a good-looking man 一个帅气的男人 以上两个短语内部逻辑结构为:objects→appears (to be)→fossil / a man→looks→good。从其逻辑结构可与看出:被修饰的名词“objects (man)”和合成形容词内部的系动词“appear (look)”及名词(形容词)“fossil(good)”可以构成逻辑上的“主–系–表”关系。在“主–系–表”结构中,主语和系动词为主动关系,所以“appear”和“look”要用现在分词。 更多的例词: lame-sounding stories →stories sound lame 听起来很勉强的借口 a funny-looking clown →a clown looks funny样子看起来很滑稽的小丑 an easy-going person →a person goes easy性格随和的人 the nice-sounding music →the music sounds nice好听的音乐 4)副词+不及物动词的现在分词 fast-talking lawyer 讲话速度快的律师 该短语的内部逻辑结构为:lawyer→talks→fast。从其逻辑结构可以看出:被修饰的名词“lawyer”和合成形容词内部的动词“talk”可以构成逻辑上的“主–谓”关系,“talk” 和“fast”可以构成动词(谓语)和状语关系,所以“talk”要用其现在分词。

英语复合形容词的构成形式归纳

英语复合形容词的构成形式归纳 复合形容词由两个或两个以上的单词构成,词与词之间常加连字符“-”。例如:warm-blooded(热血的)。复合形容词是英语词汇教学的重要组成部分。掌握复合形容词有助于学生扩大词汇量,提高解题和阅读能力。复合形容词的构成规律体现了知识之间的融汇贯通。常见复合形容词按其构成可分为以下几种情况: 1. 数词+ 名词(单数) one-child (独生子女的) two-hour (两小时的) 2. 数词+ 名词(单数) + 形容词 这种复合形容词作定语时也大多相当于“介词of+名词”构成的短语,表示被修饰词的年龄、新旧、持续时间、地点、距离、面积、体积、长度、宽度、深度、速度、重量、字数、钱数或价格等,翻译时采取直译法。例如: a seven-year-old girl = a girl of seven years(一个七岁的女孩[表年龄]),a 50-meter-wide river = a river of 50 meters wide (一条50米宽的河表宽度), a ten-meter-tall tree = a tree ten meters tall(一棵10米高的树[表高度]). three-year-old (三岁的)seven-foot-wide

(七英尺的) 8000-meter-long (8000米长的) six-meter-tall (六米高的) 3. 数词+ 名词+ ”-ed”one-eyed (独眼的) four-storeyed (四层的) two-faced (两面的) four-footed (四只脚的) 4.形容词+名词 full-time (全日制的) high-class (高级的) second-hand(二手的)part-time(业余的) mid-term (期中的)final-term (期末的) 5. 形容词+ 名词+ “-ed” kind-hearted(好心肠的)cold-blooded (冷血的) warm-hearted(热心肠的)blue-eyed(蓝眼睛的) middle-aged(中年的) red-lipped (红嘴唇的) 6. 形容词(副)+现在分词 这种复合形容词中的现在分词于形容词之间具有系表

复合形容词

复合形容词 复合形容词由两个或两个以上的单词组成用以修饰一个名词。组成复合形容词的每个形容词之间要用连字符连接以避免混淆和词不达意。以连字号构成的形容词,可以以一个词扼要地交代一个繁复的概念,言简意赅。 作用:用以修饰一个名词 注意:复合形容词后加复数,表示一类人或物,可独立作主语。 使用 1. 复合形容词中单词与单词之间要有连字符。 2. 复合形容词中的名词只能用原形。 3. 复合形容词在句子中主要用来作定语,不做表语或补语。并且只作前置定语,即要放在被修饰词之前。 4. 复合形容词前通常还有冠词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格、形容词性物主代词等修饰语。 复合形容词也可以作形容词,表示一个长时间的特点或性质。 例如:an eight- year-old boy\ a ten-metre-tall tree 1.数词+名词(单数)one-child (独生子女的) two-hour (两小时的) 100-pound (一百磅的) 2.数词+名词(单数)+形容词 three-year-old (三岁的) seven-foot-wide (七英尺的) 8000-meter-long (8000米长的) six-meter-tall (六米高的) 3.数词+名词+edone-eyed (独眼的) four-storeyed (四层的) two-faced (两面的) four-footed (四只脚的)three-legged (三条腿的) 4.形容词+名词(普通) full-time (全日制的) high-class (高级的)second-hand(二手的) part-time(业余的) mid-term (期中的) final-term (期末的)first-class/ rate(一流的) 5.形容词+名词+ed kind-hearted(好心肠的) cold-blooded (冷血的)warm-hearted(热心肠的) blue-eyed(蓝眼睛的)middle-aged(中年的) red-lipped(红嘴唇的) long-winged (长翅膀的) 6.形容词(副词)+现在分词 good-looking(长相好看的) ugly-looking(长相丑陋的)easy-looking (长相随和的) tired-looking(面容疲劳的)hard-working (勤奋的) ever-lasting(永恒的) 7.形容词/副词+过去分词 new-born (新生的) so-called(所谓的)hard-won (来之不易的) well-dressed(衣着好的) ready-made(现存的) newly-built (新建的)recently-built (刚建的) 8. 形容(副)词+ 形容词 dark-blue(深蓝的) light-green(浅绿的)all-round (全面的) red-hot(灼热的) 9.名词+现在分词 English-speaking (说英语的) peace-loving(爱好和平的)world-shaking(震惊世界的) grass-eating(食草的)mouth-watering(流口水的) meat-eating(食肉的) 10.名词+过去分词 hand-made(手工制作的) heart-broken(令人心碎的)man-made(人造的) 11.名词+ 形容词 life-long (毕业的,终生的) world-famous (世界著名的)

英语中可以做形容词的分词

一个不熟悉的城市可能是件令人害怕的事. 本句中的frightening 是现在分词,做形容词用,表示"令人害怕的".现在分词和过去分词均可做形容词用, 他们分别的意思是不一样的. 现在分词: 令人....的; 正在.....的(即将.....的) 过去分词: 感到....的; 已经.....的 如普通形容词一样,分词可置于be动词后做表语; 或可置于名词前,修饰该名词. 1). 令人...的/ 感到.... 的 eg . It's a tiring trip . 这是很累人的一段行程. He was tired after the long walk . 走完这段好长的路后,他感到累了. The news is encouraging . 这条消息令人振奋. I was encouraged when I heard the news. 我听到这消息时感到很振奋. 2).正在....的(即将....的) / 已经.....的 eg . The retiring teacher made a farewell speech . 这位即将退休的老师作了一次告别演说.

The retired teacher was invited to give a speech yesterday. 这位退休老师昨天应邀发表演说. Don't tuch the boiling water. 别碰那正在沸腾的水. You should drink boiled water. 你应当喝开水. *. 另外上句中being分词短语做主语,表示已知的经验; 而不定式也可做主语,表示一个目的,未知的,尚未完成的. eg. Collecting stamps is my hobby. 集邮是我的爱好. To master English is my purpose. 掌握英语是我的目的. 形容词化的分词主要集中在过去分词,从分词作状语、表语、定语及补语的角度来设题。在通常情况下,过去分词与其逻辑主语之间在语态上已不再体现被动含义,而在句中表示主语存在的某种状态,说明人称主语或事物是什么样或看上去是什么样子, 常见的形容词化的分词有: located(位于), dressed(表示衣着情况), lost(消失、陷入、迷路等), faced with(面对), seated(坐着的), born(出生的), pleased(高兴的), delighted(快乐的), tired(疲劳、厌烦的), confused(迷惑的), amazed(惊奇的), excited(激动的),

名词分词形式构造的形容词

名词分词形式构造的形容词 1、名词(表人体部位)过去分词形式: well-armed:全副武装的 cold-blooded:冷血的,冷漠的 warm-blooded:热血的,热烈的 heart-breaking:(令人)伤心的 rag-eared:卷边的?(这个词儿我不确定) black-eyed:黑眼圈的,黑眼珠的 one-eyed:独眼的 wide-eyed:睁大眼睛的,吃惊的,天真的 hard-faced(=hard-favored):面貌严厉的,面貌难看的 red-faced:脸红的 barefooted:赤足的 broken-hearted:心碎的 hard-hearted:硬心肠的,无情的 kind-hearted:仁慈的,好心肠的 warm-hearted:热心的 left-handed:惯用左手的,笨拙的

long-haired:长发的 single-handed:单独一人的,无助的 three-legged:三脚的(三脚猫?!呵呵) open-minded:虚心的,思想开明的 simple-minded:头脑简单的,愚蠢的 absent-minded:心不在焉的 full-minded:全新全意的?(这个词儿我也不知道) thin-skinned:皮薄的,敏感的 short-sighted:近视的,目光短浅的 可以看到,这一类的词是比较多的,尤其 是……-hearted和……-minded这两种形式,基本上所有可以用来形容“什么心肠的”和“什么思想”的词儿都可以 通过这种方式构成相应的形容词。 2、其它名词分词形式构成形容词: red-coloured:红色的 old-fashioned:老式的,过时的 good-mannered:有礼貌的 one-sided(point of view):片面的 3、动词的分词形式构成形容词(这类词太多了,而且跟我们关注的焦点不同,就不多举例了): well-being:康乐、安宁 well-chosen:精选的,适当的

复合形容词的结构

复合形容词大总结 (1.)数词+名词(单数) one –child (独生子的) two- hour (两小时的)three -good (三好的)five-day五天的(2.)数词+名词(单容词)+形容词 four -year -old 四周岁的six –inch- tall 六英尺高的seven -foot -wide 七英尺宽的30-storey- high 三十层高的800 -meter –long八百米长的 (3)数词+名词+ed one-eyed (独眼的) four-storeyed (四层的) two-faced (两面的) three- legged (三条腿的) four- footed (四足的) (4)形容词+普通名词 full-time (全日制的;全职的) second-hand(经营旧货的)mid-term(期中的) first-rate (第一流的) high-class(高级的) large-scale(大规模的) (5)形容词+名词+ed kind-hearted (好心的) cold-blooded (无情的,冷血的) noble-minded (高尚的) warm-hearted (热情的) blue-eyed (蓝眼睛的) middle-aged (中年的) red-lipped (红嘴唇的) good-tempered (脾气好的) long-winged(长翅膀的) narrow-minded(心胸狭窄的)absent-minded(心不在焉的) long-legged(腿长的)sleepy-eyed (睡眼惺忪的)neat-handed( 手巧的) short/long-sighted (近/远视的) far-sighted(有远见的) long-eared(耳朵长的) straight-faced(板着脸的) ill-tempered( 脾气不好的) good-tempered(脾气很好的)sweet-tempered (性情温和的) tender –hearted(软心肠的) light-fingered(爱小偷小摸的) red-nosed(红鼻子的)red-haired (白发的)a silver-tongued actor(能言善辩的演员) dark-skinned Africans(黑皮肤的非洲人)thick-skinned(厚脸皮的)good-natured(天性善良的)

英语复合形容词构词法

英语的构词法主要有三种:合成法,派生法和转换法。 合成法(composition) 两个或两个以上独立的词一起出现,合成一个新词的方法就称为复合法,也叫合成法。所构成的词就叫复合词或合成词。合成词在英语中也是比较活跃的,常见的有复合形容词,复合名词,复合动词。 复合形容词常用做定语,有时也用做表语。如: Ihaveafive-year-oldson.(定语) Areyouairsick?(表语) 职称英语文章中常见的复合形容词构词方法: 形容词名词 ed:absent-minded,good-tempered(形容词和其修饰的名词之间的关系e.g.absent-minded=anabsentmind) 形容词现在分词:good-looking,fine-sounding(系动词和表语之间的关系e.g.good-looking=lookinggood) 副词现在分词:hardworking,far-reaching(动词和修饰该动词的副词之间的关系e.g.hardworking=workinghard) 名词现在分词:peace-loving(动词和其宾语之间的关系 e.g.peace-loving=lovingpeace) 名词表示被动的过去分词:state-owed,state-run(显示被动关系 e.g.state-owed=owedbystate) 副词表示被动的过去分词:well-known,widespread(过去分词和修饰该动词的副词关系e.g.well-known=knownwell) 形容词名词:large-scale,high-class(形容词和其修饰的名词之间的关系https://www.doczj.com/doc/963836535.html,rge-scale=largescale) 名词形容词:duty-free,airsick(晕飞机)(名词和与之相关的表语之间的关系(在这样的情况下,往往表示逻辑关系的介词会被省略掉) e.g.duty-free=dutyfree;逻辑上的因果关系:e.g.sick(of)air) 以职称英语书中用词为例: (Computer) Inorderformanagerstobesurethatthecomputer-basedinformationthattheyare …

相关主题
文本预览
相关文档 最新文档