2015年成人学位英语阅读理解解题方法:态度题
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成人学位英语考试各题型答题技巧成人学位英语考试各题型答题技巧一、词汇语法答题技巧1、积累词汇。
考生在复习备考时要注意总结和积累。
要熟悉掌握复用式的2,200个单词,及领会式掌握的3,500个单词。
但不要满足于大纲要求的词汇,要不断扩大自己的词汇量。
词汇试题的正确选择在很大程度上取决于考生词汇量的大小,以及运用词汇才能的强弱。
2、掌握技巧:在详细的解题过程中,也要有意使用-些技巧。
如利用表示递进与增加关系的词:and,again,also,too,besides,but,in addition to等;利用表示比拟与比照关系的词:but,however,instead of等;利用表示因果关系的词:because,so,thus等;利用词法常识和生活常识判断。
这些都会增加考生选择正确答案的机率。
二、阅读理解题答题技巧根据不同的阅读目的,可以采用不同的阅读方法,或称阅读技巧。
一般来说,阅读方法有略读、寻读和细读三种。
“略读”又称“阅读”,是指跳过细节,跳过不重要的.描绘与例子,进展快速阅读以求抓住文章的大意和主题思想的方法。
“寻读”是快速寻找某一特殊信息的阅读方法。
它的目的非常明确,即找到所需要的信息。
“细读”是在找到文章中的有关局部以后,在此范围内逐句阅读,特别要对【关键词】:^p 、句仔细琢磨,以便对其有比拟深入、准确的理解。
不仅要理解其字面意思,还要通过推理和判断,弄清文章中字里行间所隐含的意思。
在细读的过程中,对没有学过的生词,可根据上下文的背景知识来推测其词义;对难以看懂的长句,可借助语法手段,对其加以分析^p ,以到达正确理解的目的。
三、英译汉答题技巧(1)可以直译尽量不意译;(2)坚持形式与内容的统一;(3)翻译时既要忠实于原文,又要符合汉语的习惯。
(4)保证译文的准确、通顺,不遗漏【关键词】:^p 的采分点。
四、挑错题解题技巧主要是理解挑错题的命题规律,把握常见错误类型分析^p 。
常见错误类型主要有用词错误和语法错误。
考研英语阅读理解题型大解析:观点态度题每一篇文章都肯定包含作者的某种观点和态度,只不过有的直截了当,有的含而不露,有的通过所用词语的褒贬来体现,有的则需要通读全文,把握主旨才能领会。
此类题可细分为作者态度题(表明作者的好恶)和作者观点题(表明作者对某事物的观点)。
1、命题模式1)作者观点题①According to the author,---②In the author's opinion,---③What is the author's opinion (idea) about?(2)作者态度题①What is the tone (mood) of the passage?②The author's attitude towards...might be summarized as (seems to be)---③The author is most critical of---2、解题技巧①不要把自己的态度揉入其中,还要区分作者的态度还是作者引用别人的态度②当作者的态度没有明确提出时,要学会根据作者的语言的褒贬去判断作者的态度,如,wonderfully, successfully, unfortunately, doubtfully 等。
③作者的态度一般与文章主旨有很大关系④07年的考试题出现了新变化:第一,提问不再局限于作者的态度,发展到文中某人对某事的态度;第二,不再是明确的否定或是肯定词,strong/complete/entire/enthusiastic;而带有程度限制的词比较客观,常常是正确选项,如reserved(保留的);qualified(有条件的,有限制的)tempered(有所控制的);guarded(慎重的)/ approving(赞同的)⑤某一事是好是坏,作者对它是支持是反对,态度一般都很明确,而带中立色彩的词最不可能是正确答案。
问作者态度时,表示"客观"的词多为正确选项,如objective, impartial, unbiased 等;问作者对文中提到的人物或他们的观点态度时,答案多是肯定或否定,支持或反对。
阅读理解中的观点态度题解题技巧阅读理解是考试中常见的题型之一,而其中的观点态度题更是备受考生关注。
观点态度题通常要求考生根据文章内容推测作者的观点、态度或者观点的变化。
下面将为大家介绍解答此类题目的一些技巧和方法。
观点态度题是通过分析文章的内容和语言来推测作者的观点和态度。
在解答此类题目时,可以采取以下步骤:1. 仔细阅读题目和原文:首先,我们需要认真阅读题目和原文,确保对文章的内容有一个整体的理解。
这有助于我们更好地把握文章的中心思想,从而更准确地推测作者的观点和态度。
2. 寻找关键词:在阅读原文时,要注意寻找关键词或者关键句子。
这些关键词和句子往往能够帮助我们确定作者的观点和态度。
例如,如果文章中出现了"认为"、"坚信"、"支持"等词语,通常可以说明作者持有积极的观点。
相反,如果出现了"反对"、"怀疑"、"批评"等词语,通常可以说明作者持有消极的观点。
3. 注意语言的褒贬色彩:观点态度题还需要留意文章中的语言褒贬色彩。
有时,文章中用到的形容词、副词等词汇可以反映出作者的态度。
例如,如果文章中使用了"重要"、"必须"、"绝对"等词语,通常可以说明作者对某一观点持有强烈的肯定态度。
相反,如果出现了"无关紧要"、"并非如此"、"不可避免地"等词语,通常可以说明作者对某一观点持有否定态度。
4. 借助上下文来推测:在阅读理解题中,上下文的信息是非常重要的。
有时,我们需要通过仔细阅读上下文来推测作者的观点和态度。
上下文中的其他句子或者段落可以提供更多的线索来帮助我们理解作者的观点。
5.综合分析:在完成以上步骤后,我们可以对文章的内容进行综合分析,推测出作者的观点和态度。
四级阅读理解中的态度题解题技巧阅读理解是英语四级考试中的重要部分,其中的态度题在考试中占据一定的比重。
考生能否准确解答态度题,直接关系到他们的阅读能力和理解能力。
为了帮助考生更好地解答态度题,本文将介绍四级阅读理解中的态度题解题技巧。
一、了解态度题的考察内容态度题主要考察文章作者对某一观点或事物的看法、态度或感受。
考生需要通过阅读文章,抓住作者的观点,确定文章的整体态度,从而选择正确的答案。
一般来说,态度题有三种常见的考查方式:作者支持,作者中立和作者反对。
二、掌握解题技巧1.审题准确在解答态度题时,首先要仔细审题,理解问题的要求。
注意关键词,如“the author thinks”,“the author believes”,“according to the passage”,这些词语往往暗示了作者的观点。
2.整体把握为了解答态度题,我们需要抓住文章的整体意图和作者的观点。
在阅读文章时,考生可以通过阅读首段和结尾段,以及段落开头和结尾句,来获得文章的主旨和作者态度的线索。
3.辅助信息有时候,题干中可能没有明确的表达作者态度的关键词,需要考生根据文章中的一些线索来推断。
这时,可以通过寻找一些辅助信息来帮助确定作者的观点,比如具体例子、修辞手法等。
4.排除干扰选项在解答态度题时,要注意排除干扰选项。
有时候,选项会涉及与文章内容相关但并非作者观点的信息,考生需要通过对比选项和文章细节,排除不符合作者态度的选项。
5.答案定位在解答态度题时,可以通过答案定位的方式来找到正确答案。
即根据题目中的关键词,快速定位与之相关的信息段落,从中寻找答案。
三、练习答题为了熟悉解答态度题的技巧,考生可以多做练习题。
可以选择一些历年真题或者参考书上的练习题进行练习。
通过大量的练习,考生可以更好地掌握解答态度题的方法和技巧。
四、总结归纳解答态度题需要考生综合运用阅读理解和推理能力,找到文章的主旨和作者的观点。
掌握解题技巧,并进行大量的练习,对于准确解答态度题非常有帮助。
成人本科学位英语复习资料一、阅读理解1. 主旨大意题主旨大意题是一种常见的阅读理解题型。
在这种题目中,考生需要根据所给的文章内容,准确地理解文章的主旨和大意。
回答这类题目的关键是要抓住文章的中心思想,理解作者的观点和态度。
答题技巧: - 仔细阅读文章,找出文章的中心思想和重要细节。
- 注意文章的标题、首段和尾段,它们通常能够给出关键信息。
- 根据文章的语气和态度,判断作者的观点和立场。
2. 细节理解题细节理解题是一种考察对文章细节理解能力的题型。
在这类题目中,考生需要根据所给的文章内容,准确地理解文章中的细节信息,例如数字、时间、地点等。
答题技巧:- 仔细阅读文章,找出与问题相关的细节信息。
- 注意文章中数字、时间、地点等关键词,它们通常能够引导你找到正确答案。
- 注意词义的转换,有时候同义词或近义词可能会出现在文章中。
3. 推理判断题推理判断题是一种考察学生逻辑推理能力的题型。
在这类题目中,考生需要根据所给的文章内容,根据已有的信息进行推断。
答题技巧: - 仔细阅读文章,理解已有的信息。
- 根据已有的信息进行推理,并结合上下文进行判断。
- 注意排除干扰选项,选择最符合文章内容的答案。
二、翻译1. 英译汉英译汉是一种翻译题型,要求考生将给定的英文句子或短文翻译成汉语。
答题技巧: - 仔细理解英文句子或短文的意思。
- 注意复杂句的翻译,需准确传达句子的语义和语法结构。
- 注意上下文的语境,确保翻译的准确性和连贯性。
2. 汉译英汉译英是一种翻译题型,要求考生将给定的中文句子或短文翻译成英语。
答题技巧: - 仔细理解中文句子或短文的意思。
- 注意汉语表达与英语表达的差异,需准确传达句子的意思。
- 注意使用准确的词汇和语法结构,确保翻译的准确性和流畅性。
三、作文1. 议论文议论文是一种常见的作文题型,要求考生对某个问题或观点进行辩论和论述。
写作技巧: - 确定文章的结构,包括引言、主要论点、论据和结论等部分。
专题 5 阅读理解专题之----观点态度题【设问形式】1)The attitude of the author towards.... is____?2)What’s the author’s opinion on/towards...?3)What does... think about...?4)What is...’s attitude towards...?......【考查方式】观点态度题是高考阅读理解的常考点。
考查学生把握作者及文中人物的态度、思想倾向。
对某观点是赞成、反对还是犹豫不决;对记述描写的人或事等是赞扬、同情、冷漠还是厌恶、憎恨等态度。
考生需要关注文章的字里行间和体现情感态度的修饰词来推断作者及文中人物的态度、思想倾向。
在阅读理解中,对于观点态度类的推断题,常常采用关键词句法。
首先通读全文或全段,理解文章或段落的内容和中心思想。
然后,抓住体现人物观点态度的关键句或列举的事例,同时注意流露作者思想倾向或感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词等关键词。
常见的涉及作者态度的词有支持或肯定类词( approving, positive, optimistic, concerned, supportive, favorable, sympathetic, appreciative等),反对或否定类词( critical, negative, pessimistic, doubtful, suspicious, worried, disapproving, gloomy, disappointed, questioning等)和中立类词( indifferent, uncaring, objective, uninterested, cautious, unconcerned, uncertain, ambiguous, neutral等)。
因此学生在阅读时应特别注意文章的措辞,尤其注意那些表达感情色彩的影容词,如improving, encouraging, disappointing 等,以及作者对人物语言行为和思想的措写,从中领悟作者的写作态度。
成人学位英语考试阅读理解真题练习2015年成人学位英语考试阅读理解真题练习加紧学习,抓住中心,宁精勿杂,宁专勿多。
以下是店铺为大搜索整理的2015年成人学位英语考试阅读理解真题练习,希望能给大家带来帮助!How much do you know about nutrition? If your knowledge is similar to that of food shoppers who answered three surveys for the U. S. Food and Drug Administration, then you probably share some wide-spread misinformation about nutrition. Check your answers to the following statements. Is it true or false?Statement 1: Fresh vegetables cooked at home are always more nutritious than canned or frozen vegetables.False. The nutritional difference depends more on how vegetables are handled or prepared than in whether they are bought fresh or packaged. Overcooking, for example, destroys many nutrients. Vegetables cooked in too much water can lose a significant amount of vitamins.Statement 2: When dieting, avoid starchy(淀粉类)foods, such as bread or potatoes. False. If you cut out starchy foods, such as peas, potatoes, bread, and rice, you cut out very good sources of several B vitamins, Vitamin C, and other nutrients. Moreover, ounce for ounce, bread and potatoes have fewer calories than sirloin steak and roast beef.Statement 3: Taking extra vitamins beyond the recommended daily allowances won’t give you more energy. True. It’s widely believed that extra vitamins provide more energy. But taking more than the body needs doesn’t make it function better, just as overfilling your gas tank doesn’t make your car run faster.If you answered these questions correctly, you can for the time being consider yourself well informed about food and nutrition by today’s standards. But remember that nutrition is a complex and growing science and that today’s beliefs may be changed as new information becomes available.1. The first paragraph implies that many people __________.A. are well informed about nutritionB. don’t care about nutritionC. have much knowledge of nutritionD. have incorrect ideas about nutrition2. According to paragraph 2, which is NOT true about nutrition?A. Overcooking destroys many nutrients.B. It makes no difference how you prepare vegetables.C. Both fresh and packaged vegetables are nutritious.D. Vitamins in vegetable could be lost during cooking.3. Which is a correct attitude towards starchy food?A. Starchy foods are unnecessary in a balanced diet.B. Bread and steak have the same amount of calories per ounce.C. Valuable nutrients could be found in starchy foods.D. Starchy foods include only peas, potatoes, bread and rice.4. The description of “overfilling your gas tank” shows why __________.A. one should take as much vitamins as possibleB. more than enough vitamins is unnecessaryC. vitamins cost as much as gasD. doctors recommend allowance of vitamins5. A good title for this article would be__________.A. Tips of Losing Weight EffectivelyB. Test Your Nutrition IQC. Nutrition: A Complex Branch of ScienceD. Misleading Nutrition Concepts参考答案1. D2. B3. C4. B5. B。
态度题一般考作者的态度,有时也考文中某人的态度。
态度题最重要的是“看清楚是谁对谁的态度、谁对什么的态度”。
作者的态度一般会孕于文章的行文之中,一些形容词、副词都能表现作者的态度。
eg:seem常表示作者对所论问题的否定、批评态度。
only也常表示否定态度。
双重否定表示作者的强烈肯定或强烈否定,所以,此时作者的态度便不太可能是objective(客观的)了,一般多掺进了作者自己的感情好恶。
有时作者也不直接表明态度,会通过举例或引用他人的话来说明自己的态度。
此时应注意,所引、举的例子与作者所论述的观点是否一致,可借此来判断作者自己的态度。
例如:Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in healthy farms. Compare this with what happens in the mass production of poultry: there are battery farms, for example, where thousands of chickens live crowded together in one building and re fed on food which is little better than rubbish. Chickens kept in this way are not only tasteless as food; they also produce eggs which lack important vitamins. (2006年12月浙江省大学英语三级考试题) What is the writer’s attitude towards chickens fed on battery farms?A. Supportive.B. Doubtful.C. Hopeful.D. Negative.在此段中作者指出,架层式养鸡场里养的鸡不仅吃起来没有味道,而且下的蛋也缺乏重要维生素。
关于阅读理解中的态度类问题关于作者的态度类问题(Attitude)阅读理解的最后一题常常提问在作者对文章中某一问题的态度(Attitude)、全文的基调(Tone)、文章的出处(Source)及对文章前后接续内容的判断等。
关于态度或基调(Attitude/Tone)类题的回答应从篇章的体裁着手,一般来说,在说明文中作者的态度是客观的(objective)或中立的(neutral);而在议论文中,作者的观点才会显得多种多样,常有的选项有:(1)positive(积极的)(2)negative(消极的)(3)neutral(中立的)(4)approval(赞成的)(5)disapproval(不赞成的)(6)indifferent(漠不关心的)(7)sarcastic(讽刺的)(8)critical(批评的)(9)optimistic(乐观的)(10)pessimistic(悲观的)问题的几种提问方式:(1)What's the writer's attitude to …?(2)What's the tone of the passage?(3)The author's view is _______(4)The writer's attitude of .this passage is apparently _________-(5)The author suggests that _________(6)According to author __________有文章中,作者观点明确,文章基调清楚,而有的文章中,作者仅仅暗示对某一问题的态度和观点,需要阅读时仔细琢磨。
解答这类问题时,首先应请注意篇章中起连接手段作用的那些词语;其次应注意有些表明作者观点词汇,如形容词、动词等。
对文章的出处及文章前后接续内容判断等可从全篇着手,从个别句子或词汇找线索进行判断。
学位英语备考经验分享:教你如何高效通过考试对自考有一定了解的学员来说,学位英语一直都是一座必须迈过去的坎,因为想顺利地获得学位证书,七成以上院校都是要通过学位英语考试的,所以如何能高效率的通过学位英语考试也是众多学员长期关注的问题,今天外语教育网老师针对这一问题,给出了如下方案:一、调整复习重点:单词方法:从单词学习入手,拆解词根,熟悉背诵例句,锻炼语感。
方式推荐:1.下载背单词的软件:现在手机非常方便,随便下载一个单词学习软件,就能随时记忆、背诵;2.联想式记忆:词根+联想+记忆法三、考前强化考前1-2个月要结合好的辅导书开始强化训练,尽量挑选以往考过的真题卷,在规定的时间内将真题完成,借此熟悉题型及考试分配时间。
做到这一步还不算完,在做完真题后要及时的核对往期真题答案,认真归纳总结易错题型,加强薄弱环节的复习工作,这样才能充分发挥真题卷的作用。
四、考试结束后自我总结这是大多数考生容易忽略的一个环节,但其实非常重要,尤其对上一次考试成绩不理想的考生而言。
考试完结后,好好回顾自己考试中的出现的错误,及时归纳总结自己在词汇量、语法结构或其他方面存在的不足,有利于第二次备考,这也是为下一次考试做好准备。
总之要想尽一切办法,让自己过关,想通过考试,就要勇敢面对自己的不足。
只要各位学员按上面所说的着手准备学位英语考试,你会发现,其实考试并没有想象中的那么难,努力复习、相信自己!2015年成人学位英语考试阅读理解试题讲解Adam Smith was the first person to see the importance of the division of the labor. He gave us an example of the process by which pins were made in England."One man draws out the wire, another strengthens it, a third cuts it, a fourth points it, and a fifth gives it a head. Just to make the head requires two or three different operations. The work of making pins is divided into about eighteen different operations, which in some factories are all performed by differentA. enabled each worker to design pins more quicklyB. increased the possible output per workerC. increased the number of people employed in factoriesD. improved the quality of pins produced3. Adam Smith mentioned the number 4,800 in order to__________.A. show the advantage of the old labor systemB. stress how powerful the individual worker wasC. show the advantages of the division of laborD. stress the importance of increased production4. According to the writer, Adam Smith' s mistake was in believing that the division oflabor__________.A. was an efficient way of organizing workB. was an important development in methods of productionC. finally led to economic development(10当·斯密意识到劳动分工增加了每个工人的单位产量。
第1页 2015年成人学位英语阅读理解解题方法:态度题
态度题 一篇文章不可避免地会反映作者的观点、态度和情绪。能否正确地把握作者的观点和态度是体现学生阅读理解能力的一个重要方面。这类题目主要是考查学生能否正确理解作者的写作意图、所持的观点及阐述文章主题时的语气或对他所论述的对象的态度。命题者命制这类题时往往涉及对有争议问题的看法,对事物的评价——作者持什么样的态度?是赞同还是反对?是同情、冷漠、失望还是批评、表扬?
(一)常见的提问形式 The author's main purpose in this passage is ... The author's purpose of writing this passage is... In this passage the author's attitude toward.., could best be described as... What is the author's attitude towards... . The author's main thought is that... . The author's probably feels that... . The writer discusses.., in order to illustrate which of the following? . In this passage the author looks on ... with an attitude of... . What is the tone/mood of the passage? . The author argues in the passage that... . According to the author... 解作者态度(attitude)或语气(tone)题,关键在于把握作者对全文主体事物(与主题有关)或某一具体事物的态度。由于作者态度主要由语言来表达,因此必须弄清有关表达褒义、中性和贬义的手段。
1.加入形容词定语。 例如:A.His words were few. B.His interesting words were few. 假如A为中性叙述的话,那么B则体现了说话人对“He”的正面评价。 又如:C.They are all seniors. D.They are all premature seniors. 同样,假如C项为中性叙述,那么由于加入形容词定语“premature”,D项表达了一种贬义。
第2页 2.加入副词状语。加入的副词状语通常是对动词的叙述加以界定。
例如:He successfully makes the travel plan.(表明一种正面态度);They speak clumsily.(表明一种负面态度)
3.特殊动词。英语中有些动词也表明说话者的正负态度,如:fail(未能)、ignore(忽视)、overestimate(估计过高)等动词表示一种负态度。由上可知,确定作者态度,可以有两种思路:问全文主体事物的(包括主题),可以根据阐述主题或有关主体事物的相关句中的形容词、副词或动词,确定作者的态度;如果问的是对某一具体事物的态度,则可以定位到具体相关句,然后确定答案。
例l3 English folk singers have adopted a conventional method of singing. During the performance the eyes are closed,the head is upraised,and a rigid expression of counte-nance is maintained until the song is finished. A short pause follows the conclusion,and then the singer relaxes his attitude and repeats in his ordinary voice the last line of the song, or its title. This is the invariably ritual or formal occasions. It does not proceed from any lack of appreciation. The English peasant is by nature a shy man and unde- monstrative, and on ceremonious occasions, as when he is singing before an audience, he becomes very nervous and restrained, and welcomes the shelter afforded by conven-tion.
The tone of this passage is best described as A. persuading B. pleading C. matter-of-fact D. ironic 这篇文章的语气是什么?是劝说性的A,或是恳求性的B,或客观的叙述C,或讽刺批评D?通读全文,我们体会不出A,B和D的语气。作者只是实事求是地描述英国乡村歌手的演唱风格及其造成的原因。因此C是答案。
例14 Nursing at Beth Israel Hospital produces the best patient care possible.If we are to solve the nursing shortage(不足),hospital administration and doctors everywhere would do well to follow Beth Israel’s example.
At Beth Israel each patient is assigned to a primary nurse who visits at length with the patient and constructs a full-scale health account that covers everything from his medical history to his emotional state.Then she writes a care plan centered on the patient’S illness but which also includes everything else that is necessary.
The primary nurse stays with the patient through his hospitalization,keeping track with his progress and seeking further advice from his doctor.If a patient at Beth Israel is not responding to treatment,it is not uncommon for his nurse to propose an- other approach to his doctor.What the doctor at Beth Israel has in the primary nurse is a true colleague.
第3页 Nursing at Beth Israel also involves a decentralized(分散的)nursing administra- tion;every floor,every unit is a self-contained organization.There are nurse-manag-ers instead of head nurses:in addition to their medical duties they do all their own hir-ing and dismissin9,employee advisin9,and they make salary recommendations.Each unit’S nurses decide among themselves who will work what shifts and when.
Beth Israel’S nurse—in—chief ranks as an equal with other vice presidents of the hos-pital.She also is a member of the Medical Executive Committee,which in most hospi-tals includes only doctors.
The author’S attitude towards the nursing system at Beth Israel hospital is A.negative B.neutral C.critical D.positive 这道题与文章主题有关,只需看主题句——文章首句:Nursing at Beth Israel Hos-pital produces the best patient care possible.就可以了,由其中的褒义形容词“best”可以推出作者对Beth Israel Hospital护理体制的褒扬,因此D为正确答案。
例l5 Where do pesticides (杀虫剂) fit into the picture of environmental disease? We have seen that they now pollute soil, water, and food, that they have the power to make our streams fishless and our gardens and woodlands silent and birdless. Man, however much he may like to pretend the contrary, is part of nature. Can he escape a pollution that is now so thoroughly distributed throughout our world? We know that even single exposures to these chemicals, if the amount is large enough, can cause ex- tremely severe poisoning. But this is not the major problem. The sudden illness or death of farmers, farm workers, and others exposes to sufficient quantities of pesti-cides is very sad and should not occur. For the population as a whole, we must be more concerned with the delayed effects of absorbing small amounts of the pesticides that invisibly pollute our world.