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专有名词翻译

专有名词翻译
专有名词翻译

全国人民代表大会National People's Congress (NPC)

主席团Presidium

常务委员会Standing Committee

办公厅General Office

秘书处Secretariat

代表资格审查委员会Credentials Committee

提案审查委员会Motions Examination Committee

民族委员会Ethnic Affairs Committee

法律委员会Law Committee

财政经济委员会Finance and Economy Committee

外事委员会Foreign Affairs Committee

教育、科学、文化和卫生委员会Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee

内务司法委员会Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs

华侨委员会Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee

法制工作委员会Commission of Legislative Affairs

特定问题调查委员会Commission of Inquiry into Specific Questions

宪法修改委员会Committee for Revision of the Constitution

2、中华人民共和国主席President of the People's Republic of China

3、中央军事委员会Central Military Commission

4、最高人民法院Supreme People's Court

5、最高人民检察院Supreme People's Procuratorate

6、国务院State Council

(1)国务院部委Ministries and Commissions Directly under the State Council

外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs

国防部Ministry of National Defence

国家发展和改革委员会National Development and Reform Commission

国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and Trade Commission

教育部Ministry of Education

科学技术部Ministry of Science and Technology

国防科学技术工业委员会Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National De-fence 国家民族事物委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission

公安部Ministry of Public Security

国家安全部Ministry of State Security

监察部Ministry of Supervision

民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs

司法部Ministry of Justice

财政部Ministry of Finance

人事部Ministry of Personnel

劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Labour and Social Security

国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources

建设部Ministry of Construction

铁道部Ministry of Railways

交通部Ministry of Communications

信息产业部Ministry of Information Industry

水利部Ministry of Water Resources

农业部Ministry of Agriculture

对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation 文化部Ministry of Culture

卫生部Ministry of Public Health

国家计划生育委员会State Family Planning Commission

中国人民银行People's Bank of China

国家审计署State Auditing Administration

(2)国务院办事机构Offices under the State Council

国务院办公厅General Office of the State Council

侨务办公室Office of Overseas Chinese Affairs

港澳台办公室Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office

台湾事物办公室Taiwan Affairs Office

法制办公室Office of Legislative Affairs

经济体制改革办公室Office for Economic Restructuring

国务院研究室Research Office of the State Council

新闻办公室Information Office

7、新闻出版News media

总编辑Editor-in-chief

高级编辑Full Senior Editor

主任编辑Associate Senior Editor

编辑Editor

助理编辑Assistant Editor

高级记者Full Senior Reporter

主任记者Associate Senior Reporter

记者Reporter

助理记者Assistant Reporter

编审Professor of Editorship

编辑Editor

助理编辑Assistant Editor

技术编辑Technical Editor

技术设计员Technical Designer

校对Proofreader

8、翻译Translation

译审Professor of Translation

翻译Translator/Interpreter

助理翻译Assistant Translator/Interpreter

电台/电视台台长Radio/TV Station Controller

播音指导Director of Announcing

主任播音员Chief Announcer

播音员Announcer

电视主持人TV Presenter

电台节目主持人Disk Jockey

9、工艺、美术、电影Arts,crafts and movies 导演Director

演员Actor

画师Painter

指挥Conductor

编导Scenarist

录音师Sound Engineer

舞蹈编剧Choreographer

美术师Artist

制片人Producer

剪辑导演Montage Director

配音演员Dabber

摄影师Cameraman

化装师Make-up Artist

四级翻译专有名词汇总

四级翻译专有名词汇总 1.中国历史与文化 京剧 Peking opera 秦腔 Qin opera 功夫Kung Fu 太极Tai Chi 口技 ventriloquism 木偶戏puppet show 皮影戏 shadow play 折子戏 opera highlights 杂技 acrobatics 相声 witty dialogue comedy 刺绣 embroidery 苏绣 Suzhou embroidery 泥人 clay figure 书法 calligraphy 中国画 traditional Chinese painting 水墨画 Chinese brush painting 中国结 Chinese knot 中国古代四大发明 the four great inventions of ancient China 火药 gunpowder 印刷术printing 造纸术 paper-making 指南针 the compass 青铜器 bronze ware 瓷器 porcelain; china 唐三彩 tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty 景泰蓝cloisonne 秋千swing 武术 martial arts 儒家思想Confucianism 儒家文化 Confucian culture 道教 Taoism 墨家 Mohism 法家 Legalism 佛教 Buddhism 孔子 Confucius 孟子 Mencius 老子 Lao Tzu 庄子 Chuang Tzu 墨子 Mo Tzu

商务英语专有名词翻译

商务英语名词翻译 Unit 1 CICSC United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods, 是《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》的简称。 trade terms 交易条款 sales contract 销售合同 price list 价格单 reference price 参考价 name of commodity 品名;商品名称 quantity 数量 withdrawal of offer 撤回发盘 revocation of offer 撤销发盘 termination of offer 终止发盘 inquiry 询盘 offer 发盘;报盘;实盘 offeror 发盘人 offeree 受盘人 firm offer 实盘 non-offer 虚盘 indefinite offer 虚盘 counter-offer 还盘 accept 承诺 contract 合同(契约) termination of a contract 合同的终止 suspension of a contract 合同的中止 Unit 2 claim damages 损害索赔 claim clause 索赔条款 compensation 补偿 the party in the breach 违约方 difference 差额 interest 利息 bona fide party 当事人 Unit 3 WTO World Trade Organization, 世界贸易组织 the Final Act 指乌拉圭回合多边谈判的最终议案 Uruguay Round 乌拉圭回合 accountable 负责的,需要解释的 ground-rule 基本准则 decision-making body 决策机构 the General Council 总理事会 the Dispute Settlement Body 争端协调机构

专有名词翻译方法

专有名词和事物名词的常用翻译方法 我们在英译汉时,常常会碰到一些专有名词和事物名词。对于这些词,有时我们可以在字典或其他工具书里找到相对应的译词,有时则需要译者自己灵活掌握。我们在翻译这些专有名词和事物名词时,经常采用表意法、谐音法、表形法、谐音加表意法、部分谐音部分表意法等五种方法,其中表意法和谐音法用得最为广泛。 一、表意法(semantic translation) 这是最常用的一种译法,即在汉语中找出同原词含义相同的词。在大多数情况下,我们是可以在字典或其他工具书里找到相应的译词的。如: computer:计算机 magnifier:放大镜 perambulator:童车 transformer:变压器 有时我们可以用表意法将英语中两个或两个以上的名词仅从字面上翻译成汉语中的一个词或名词性词组。一般情况下,译文和原文的含义是相符的。如: down coat;羽绒服 moon cake:月饼 table cloth:桌布 head worker:脑力劳动者 应当注意,这种情况下的表意法不是绝对靠得住的。因为有时当英语中两个或两个以上名词固定搭配在一起时,他们表示的可能是与字面意思完全不同的另外一个意思。此时我们就不能仅从字面上去表意,而应深入一步从含义和惯用法上去表意。如: honey cooler不能译为“甜冷饮”,而应译为“讨好女人的男子”;

night cart不能译为“夜车”,而应译为“粪车”; hand money不能译为“手中之财”,而应译为“定金、保证金”; fish story不能译为“钓鱼故事”,而应译为“牛皮、大话”; dog days不能译为“狗的日子”,而应译为“三伏天”; cat suit不能译为“猫服”,而应译为“喇叭裤”; pig head不能译为“猪头”,而应译为“顽固分子”; pig tail不能译为“猪尾巴”,而应译为“辫子”: donkey’s breakfast不能译为“驴子的早餐”,而应译为“草垫”。 二、谐音法(transliteration) 谐音法就是用汉语中同原词发音相近的字来翻译原词。这种方法多用来翻译人名、地名、药名、计量单位以及一些从外国传入中国的药品的名称。如: 1.译人名 Marx:马克思到 Shakespeare:莎士比亚 Bacon:培根 Einstein:爱因斯坦 2.译地名 Vienna:维也纳 Berlin:柏林 Cyprus:塞浦路斯 Somalia:索马里 3.译药名 aspirin:阿斯匹林 analgin:安乃静 quinine:奎宁 procaine:普鲁卡因 4.译计量单位

专有名词翻译

* 专有名词翻译* Ⅰ.常见职位、职务英文译名 Accounting Assistant会计助理Accounting Clerk记帐员 Accounting Manager会计部经理Accounting Stall会计部职员Accounting Supervisor会计主管Administration Manager行政经理Administration Staff行政人员Administrative Assistant行政助理Administrative Clerk行政办事员Advertising Staff广告工作人员 Airlines Sales Representative航空公司定座员 Airlines Staff航空公司职员Application Engineer应用工程师Assistant Manager副经理 Bond Analyst证券分析员 Bond Trader证券交易员 Business Controller业务主任 Business Manager业务经理 Buyer采购员 Cashier出纳员 Chemical Engineer化学工程师 Civil Engineer土木工程师 Clerk/Receptionist职员/接待员 Clerk Typist/Secretary文书打字兼秘书Computer Data Input Operator计算机资料输入员 Computer Engineer计算机工程师Computer Processing Operator计算机处理操作员 Computer System Manager计算机系统部经理 Copywriter广告文字撰稿人 Deputy General Manager副总经理Economic Research Assistant经济研究助理Electrical Engineer电气工程师Engineering Technician工程技术员English Instructor/Teacher英语教师Export Sales Manager外销部经理Export Sales Staff外销部职员Financial Controller财务主任Financial Reporter财务报告人 F.X.(Foreign Exchange)Clerk外汇部职员F.X.Settlement Clerk外汇部核算员Fund Manager财务经理 General Auditor审计长 General Manager/President总经理General Manager Assistant总经理助理General Manager…s Secretary总经理秘书Hardware Engineer计算机)硬件工程师Import Liaison Staff进口联络员Import Manager进口部经理 Insurance Actuary保险公司理赔员International Sales Staff国际销售员Interpreter口语翻译 Legal Adviser法律顾问 Line Supervisor生产线主管Maintenance Engineer维修工程师Management Consultant管理顾问Manager经理 Manager for Public Relatio公关部经理Manufacturing Engineer制造工程师Manufacturing Worker生产员工 Market Analyst市场分析员 Market Development Manager市场开发部经理 Marketing Manager市场销售部经理Marketing Staff市场销售员 Marketing Assistant销售助理Marketing Executive销售主管Marketing Representative销售代表Marketing Representative Manager市场调研部经理 Mechanical Engineer机械工程师Mining Engineer采矿工程师 Music Teacher音乐教师 Naval Architect造船工程师 Office Assistant办公室助理 Office Clerk职员 Operational Manager业务经理Package Designer包装设计师Passenger Reservation Staff乘客票位预订员

一些专有名词的翻译

simulation 仿真;模拟 simulation algorithm 仿真算法 simulation algorithm libray 仿真算法库simulation block diagram 仿真(方)框图simulation centre 仿真中心 simulation clock 仿真时钟 simulation data base 仿真数据库 simulation environment 仿真环境 simulation equipment 仿真设备 simulation evaluation 仿真评价 simulation experiment 仿真实验 simulation experiment modelibrary 仿真实验模式库simulation expert system 仿真专家系统 simulation graphic library 仿真图形库 simulation information library 仿真信息库simulation job 仿真作业 simulation knowledge base 仿真知识库 simulation laboratoryt 仿真实验室 simulation language 仿真语言 simulation methodology 仿真方法学 simulation model 仿真模型 simulation model library 仿真模型库

simulation process 仿真过程 simulation process time 仿真过程时间 simulation program 仿真程序 simulation result 仿真结果 simulation run 仿真运行 simulation software 仿真软件 simulation support system 仿真支持系统 simulation system 仿真系统 simulation technique 仿真技术 simulation type 仿真类型 simulation velocity 仿真速度 simulation work station 仿真工作站 simulator 仿真器 simultancous comparison method 同时比较法simultaneous technique 同时联用技术;同时并用技术sing around method 声环法 sing-around velocimeter 环鸣声速仪 single acting positioner 单作用定位器 single arm measurement 单臂测量 single beam spectrum radiator 单光束光谱辐射计single board microcomputer 单片微(型)计算机single bounce technique 一次反射法

华北电力大学科技英语翻译汇总题库

2018<科技英汉互译教程>上篇期末考试范围 P.23例2 This type of spring is extensively used in electrical instruments, and deserves special consideration. 这种弹簧广泛应用于电工仪表中,因此值得专门考虑一下。 P.24 例3 If the reaction took hours, and not seconds, the fuel costs would be prohibitive. 如果这一反应要花费数小时,而不是几秒钟,燃料费就太高了。 例7 Keep the batteries in dry places, and electricity may not be made to leak away. (如果)把蓄电池放在干燥的地方,就不会漏电。 这种句式中,祈使句表示条件,and后面的句子表示结果,可译为“如果……,就……”,或者“……就”。 P.25例12 In other words mineral substances which are found on earth must be extracted by digging, boring holes, artificial explosions, or similar operations which make them available to us. 换言之,矿物就是存在于地球上,但须经过挖握、钻孔、人工爆破或类似作业才能获得的物质。 例14 The solar wind grossly distorts the earth's magnetic field, dragging it out to a long tail. 太阳风使地球磁场的形状发生很大的变化,将它向外拉牵,扯出一条长尾。 译文中将分词短语译成了动词并列式分句(或后续分句),即在一个主语下使用两个或两个以上的并列动词,用逗号隔开。 P.26 例17 The substitution of some rolling friction for sliding friction results in a very considerable reduction in friction. 用滚动摩擦代替滑动摩擦,会大幅度减少摩擦力。 例20 An understanding of the essential character of scientific investigation is best acquired from the study of a representative particular science. 要了解科学研究最本质的特点,最好是对特定的典型学科进行研究。 P.27 例23 The moon is a world that is completely and utterly dead, a sterile mountainous waste on which during the heat of the day the sun blazed down with relentless fury, but where during the long night the cold is so intense that it far surpasses anything ever experienced on the earth. 月球完全是一个毫无生气的世界,是一片多山的不毛之地。在酷热的白昼,太阳向它倾泻着无情的烈焰,而浸长的严寒却远远不是我们在地球上所能体验到的。 原句中含有4个分句:由关系代词that引导的定语从句,修饰a world;介词on+关系代词which引导的定语从句,修饰a world的同位语a sterile mountainous waste;关系副词where 引导的定语从句,也修饰a sterile mountainous waste;so…that引导的结果状语从句。 例24 Computing machines are essentially machines for recording numbers, operating with numbers, and giving the result in numerical form. 计算机本质上是一种记录数字、运算数字并给出数字结果的机器。

(完整word版)一些专有名词 的翻译

全国人民代表大会National People's Congress (NPC) 主席团Presidium 常务委员会Standing Committee 办公厅General Office 秘书处Secretariat 代表资格审查委员会Credentials Committee 提案审查委员会Motions Examination Committee 民族委员会Ethnic Affairs Committee 法律委员会Law Committee 财政经济委员会Finance and Economy Committee 外事委员会Foreign Affairs Committee 教育、科学、文化和卫生委员会Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee 内务司法委员会Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs 华侨委员会Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee 法制工作委员会Commission of Legislative Affairs 特定问题调查委员会Commission of Inquiry into Specific Questions 宪法修改委员会Committee for Revision of the Constitution 2、中华人民共和国主席President of the People's Republic of China 3、中央军事委员会Central Military Commission 4、最高人民法院Supreme People's Court 5、最高人民检察院Supreme People's Procuratorate 6、国务院State Council (1)国务院部委Ministries and Commissions Directly under the State Council 外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs 国防部Ministry of National Defence 国家发展和改革委员会National Development and Reform Commission 国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and Trade Commission 教育部Ministry of Education 科学技术部Ministry of Science and Technology 国防科学技术工业委员会Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National De-fence 国家民族事物委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission 公安部Ministry of Public Security 国家安全部Ministry of State Security 监察部Ministry of Supervision 民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs 司法部Ministry of Justice 财政部Ministry of Finance 人事部Ministry of Personnel 劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Labour and Social Security 国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources 建设部Ministry of Construction 铁道部Ministry of Railways

中国传统文化专有名词英文翻译

中国传统文化专有名词英文翻译 中国传统文化的英语单词你都了解吗?以下内容是关于中国文化的英语单词,与大家一起分享! 1 .上海大剧院Shanghai Grand Theatre 2 .龙须沟Longxu Ditch 3 .样板戏model opera 4 .地雷战The Mine Warfare 5 .贵妃醉酒Drunkened Concubine 6 .霸王别姬Farewell to My Concubine 7 .荒山泪Tears of Huangshan 8 .群英会Gathering of Heroes 9 .借东风East Wind 10 .将相和General and Premier Make Up 11 .杨门女将Women General of Yang Family 12 .凤阳花鼓Flower Drum Dance 13 .大海啊,故乡Home in the Sea 14 .我的中国心My Chinese Heart 15 .军港之夜Night at the Naval Port 16 .冬天里的一把火Winter Fire 17 .十面埋伏(古曲)Ambush from All Sides 18 .天仙配Goddess Marriage 19 .牡丹亭Peony Pavilion 20 .春江花月夜Moon and Flower in the Spring River 21 .琵琶记The Story of Pipa 22 .醒世恒言Lasting Words to Awaken the World 23 .梁祝(小提琴协奏曲)Butterfly Love 24 .警世通言Ordinary Words to Warn the World 25 .喻世明言Clear Words to Illustrate the World 26 .“三言”、“二拍” Three V olumes of Words,Two V olumes of Slapping 27 .拍案惊奇Surprise Stories to Make One Slap the Desk 28 .红楼梦A Dream of Red Mansion/Chamber 29 .水浒Water Margin 30 .西游记Journey to the West 31 .三国演义Romance of the Three Kingdoms 32 .聊斋志异Strange Tles from a Scholar's Studio 33 .长生殿Palace of Eternal Life 34 .桃花扇The Peach Blossom Fan 35 .儒林外史The Scholars 36 .五女拜寿Celebrating Mother's Birthday 37 .清明上河图Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival

科技英语翻译

形合和意合 1.昨天看电影我没有买到好票。 I did not buy good seat for movie last day. 2.这个车间既做来料加工,又做来样加工。 This workshop processes raw material on client’s demand and processes according to investor’s sample as well. 3.她在中国留学服务中心工作。 She works at Chinese service center for Scholarly Exchange. 4.烤烟,苹果,羊毛和甘薯是延安的四大农产品,年产量3.12亿元,占农业总产值的52.5%。 Cured tobacco, apples, wool and sweet potatoes are the four main agricultural products in Yan’an, their output values at 312 million yuan RMB, according for 5.2% of its total agricultural output values. 5.可以预言,钛材在飞机或各种飞行器上的应用将会与日俱增,并且在其他工业中的应用也会扩大。 It can be prophesied that titanium materials will be used increasing in aerospace and in other industries. 6.If rise of blood pressure occurs with some other disease, it is called secondary hypertension. 某种与其他疾病伴发的高血压,称为继发性高血压 7.Change of information, if any, concerning the contents of this section will be found in the appendix at the end of this book. 本节内容如有更改,均见本书末附录。 8.一种微生物能够破坏另一种微生物,这种现象最早是巴斯德发现的,他指出这可以用到医疗上去。 That a microganism is capable of destroying one of anther species was first discovered by Pasteur, who pointed out that can be used to the therapeutic use. 英汉句子中心的差异 1.他们培育出的细胞看上去像胚胎干细胞,这的确令人惊讶。 It’s truly amazing that they can produce cells that look like embryoric stem cells. 2.1968年12月阿波罗8号宇宙飞船上那些想家的宇航员们在太空拍下了整个地球的彩照,此后在1970年4月很快就出现了第一个地球日,这绝非是历史的偶然。 It’s no accident of history that the first Earth Day in April 1970 came so soon after the color photograghs of the whole earth from space were made by homesick astronauts on the Apollo 8 mission to the moon December 1968. 3.你们已经取得了进步,对此我毫不怀疑。 There has been no doubt in my mind of the progress which you have achieved. 4.由于贵国政府的提议,才得以这样快的重新实现访问,这使我感到特别高兴。 I was all the more delighted when as a result of the initiative of your government, it proved possible to reinstate the visit so quickly. 5.由于现代世界的发展和近年来在单门学科狭窄前沿上的研究进展,出现一些极其复杂的难题,单凭一两人的力量是无法对它们进行透彻研究的。 One cannot properly investigate the incredibly complex problems thrown up by the modern world and by recent development in our knowledge along the narrow front of a single discipline. 6.这种小型热带鱼由于具有自行修复受损和患病的眼部细胞的独特能力,长期以来一直为科学家所关注。The tiny tropical fish has long interested scientists because of its unique ability to repair damaged and diseased cells in their own eyes. 7.不努力就不会成功。 One can never succeed without making great efforts.

中国专有名词的英语翻译

1. 素质教育:Quality Education 2. EQ:分两种,一种为教育商数Educational quotient,另一种情感商数Emotional quotient 3. 保险业:the insurance industry 4. 保证重点指出:ensure funding for priority areas 5. 补发拖欠的养老金:clear up pension payments in arrears 6. 不良贷款:non-performing loan 7. 层层转包和违法分包:mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting 8. 城乡信用社:credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas 9. 城镇居民最低生活保障: a minimum standard of living for city residents 10. 城镇职工医疗保障制度:the system of medical insurance for urban wor kers 11. 出口信贷:export credit 12. 贷款质量:loan quality 13. 贷款质量五级分类办法:the five-category assets classification for bank loans 14. 防范和化解金融风险:take precautions against and reduce financial risks 15. 防洪工程:flood-prevention project 16. 非法外汇交易:illegal foreign exchange transaction 17. 非贸易收汇:foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels 18. 非银行金融机构:non-bank financial institutions 19. 费改税:transform administrative fees into taxes 20. 跟踪审计:foolow-up auditing 21. 工程监理制度:the monitoring system for projects

科技英语翻译专题 知识点汇总

计算机冀导那一部分 词汇 pig 金属锭块 dog挡块,止动爪 cat吊锚,履带拖拉机 cock旋塞,吊车 horse支架,铁杆 fish 接合板,夹板 monkey 打桩锤;煤矿通风巷道 fox绳索 belly 炉腰 mild steel structure 低碳钢结构 Bendable switches consist of a continuous 无缝的steel beam. ?可弯曲的开关由连续钢条组成。 曲性道岔由无缝钢条组成。 Bricks are also produced in many different colors and with various finishes, particularly those used for decorative purpose. 砖也可以烧制成许多不同的颜色,具有不同的光洁度,尤其是那些用于装饰的砖。 catalyst 催化剂 Resolving power 分辨率 Combining power 化合价 Base 碱 Base metals 非贵金属 Brass 黄铜 Difficult labor 难产 Foreign Material 杂质 Cast iron 铸铁 In general, the design procedure is not straightforward and will require trial and error. 一般说来,设计过程不是一帆风顺的,而需要反复试验。(简单的) Furnace 炉子 (1)Rubber is not hard, it gives way to pressure. 橡胶性软,受压变形。 (2)Porcelain is commonly used to resist electric current. 陶瓷常用来隔绝电流。 (3)When we speak, sound waves begin to travel and go in all directions. 我们说话时,声波就开始向四面八方传播。 (4)Zinc is easy to obtain from its ore. 锌容易从锌矿中提炼。

英语专有名词和事物名词的常用翻译方法

英语专有名词和事物名词的常用翻译方法 《英语自学》--1996年第8期(总125) 我们在英译汉时,常常会碰到一些专有名词和事物名词。对于这些词,有时我们可以在字典或其它工具书里找到相对应的译词,有时则需要译者自己灵活掌握。我们在翻译这些专有名词和事物名词时,经常采用表意法、谐音法、表形法、谐音加表意法、部分谐音部分表意法等五种方法,其中表意法和谐音法用得最为广泛。 一、表意法(semantic translation) 这是最常用的一种译法,即在汉语中找出同原词含义相同的词。在大多数情况下,我们是可以在字典或其它工具书里找到相应的译词的。如: Computer:计算机magnifier:放大镜 perambulator:童车transformer:变压器 有时我们可以用表意法将英语中两个或两个以上的名词仅从字面上翻译成汉语中的一个名词或名词性词组。一般情况下,译文和原文的含义是相符的。如: downcoat:羽绒服mooncake:月讲 tablecloth:桌布headworker:脑力劳动者 应当注意,这种情况下的表意法不是绝对靠得住的。因为有时当英语中两个或两个以上名词固定搭配在一起时,他们表示的可能是与字面意思完全不同的另外一个意思。此时我们就不能仅从字面上去表意,而应深入一步从含义和惯用法上去表意。如, Honey cooler不能译为“甜冷饮”,而应译为“讨好女人的男子” Night cart不能译为“夜车“,而应译为“粪车”; Hand money不能译为“手中之财”,而应译为“定金、保证金” Fish story不能译为“钓鱼故事”,而应译为“牛皮、大话”; Dog days不能译为“狗的日子”,而应译为“三伏天”; catsuit不能译为“猫服”,而应译为“喇叭裤”; Pig head不能译为“猪头”,而应译为“顽固分子” Pig tail不能译为“猪尾巴”,而应译为“辫子“, Donkey breakfast不能译为“驴子的早餐”,而应译为“草垫”。 二、谐音法(transliteration) 谐普法就是用汉语中同原词发音相近的字来翻译原词。这种方法多用来翻译人名、地名、药名、计量单位以及一些从外国传入中国的药品的名称。如: 1.译人名 Marx:马克思Shakespeare,:莎士比亚 Bacon:培根Einstein:爱因斯坦 2.译地名 Vienna:维也纳Berlin:柏林 Cyprus引塞浦路斯Somalia:索马里 3译药名 aspirin:阿斯匹林analgin:安乃静 quinine:奎宁procaine:普鲁卡因 4.译计量单位 ampere:安培(电流单位)watt:瓦特(电功单位) hertz二赫兹(频率单位)volt:伏特〔电压单位)

专有名词翻译

1、粮食政策:Grain Policy 2、中华人民共和国:People's Republic of China 3、粮食生产及政策:Grain Production and Policy 4、奴隶社会: the Slavery Society 5、土地私有农业社会:in the Agricultural Society Private Land Ownership 6、土地兼并:Land Annexation 7、农民起义:Peasants Revolts 8、农业改良思想:Agricultural Improvement Ideas 9、农村改造运动:the Rural Construction Movement 10、中国近现代:in Modern China 11、晚清:Late Qing Dynasty 12、土地思想和土地改革:Land Thought and Land Reform 13、民国时期:the Republic of China 14、乡村建设运动:The Rural Construction Movements 15、粮食政策及改革:Grain Policy and Reform 16、苏联东欧国家: Soviet Union and Eastern European Countries 17、农业思想: Agricultural Theory 18、粮食生产产出行为: Behavior of Grain Output 19、粮食生产函数估计: An Estimation of Grain

Production Function 20、粮食产量的行为分析: An Analysis on Behavior of Grain Output 21、粮食生产要素投入行为: Input Analysis on Grain Production Factors 22、土地投入行为分析: Input Analysis on Land 23、劳动力投入行为分析: Input Analysis on Labor 24、资本投入行为分析:Input Analysis on Capital 25、粮食生产要素; Other Grain Production Factors 26、粮食生产规模化:Scale Economy of Grain Production 或Large-scale of Grain Production 27、中国农业土地制度及改革:Rural Land System of China and the Reform 28、土地非市场配置:Non-Market Mechanism of Land Allocation 29、农业土地私有化:Land Privatization 30、土地权利束: Right Arrangement of Land Property 31、中国粮食流通体制改革: The Reform of Grain Distribution System in China 32、粮食补贴政策: Grain Subsidy Policy 33、支农悖论:The Paradox of Subsidy Policy 34、粮食安全: Food Security

翻译专业术语

术语翻译贡献者Absolute Translation绝对翻译古阿德克(Gouadec) Abstract Translation摘要翻译古阿德克(Gouadec) Abusive translation滥译路易斯(Lewis)Acceptability可接受性托利(Toury) Accuracy准确 Adaptation改编 Adequacy充分性 Adjustment调整 Analogical Form类同形式霍尔姆斯(Holmes)Analysis分析奈达(Nida)和泰伯(Taber)Applied Translation Studies应用翻译研究霍尔姆斯(Holmes)Architranseme (ATR)元译素范·路文兹瓦特(van Leuven-Zwart)Autonomy Spectrum自立幅度罗斯(Rose) Autotranslation自译波波维奇(Popovic) Back Translation回译 Bilateral interpreting双边传译凯斯(Keith)

Class Shift词类转换韩礼德(Halliday)Close Translation贴近翻译纽马克(Newmark) 传意翻译;交际翻 Communicative Translation 纽马克(Newmark) 译 Community interpreting社群传译 Compensation补偿赫维(Hervey) Competence能力托利(Toury)Componential Analysis语义成分分析奈达(Nida)Comprehensive theory综合理论 Conference interpreting会议传译 Consecutive interpreting接续传译 Contextual consistency语境一致奈达(Nida)和泰伯(Taber)Conventions常规诺德(Nord) Corpora语料库 Correspondence对应 Court interpreting法庭传译 Covert translation隐型翻译豪斯(House)Creative transposition创造性转换

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