语法复习七：倒装句
英语最基本的语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。但有时由于句子结构的需要或表示强调，就要采用倒装形式。将谓语动词完全移到主语之前称为完全倒装，只将助动词或情态动词放到主语之前称为部分倒装。强调性倒装和以so, neither, nor开头的句子是高考例题的热点。
（一）倒装句的意义
1、适应一定的语法结构的需要，主要是指疑问句句型结构的需要。
e.g. May I come in?
Was the People’s Liberation Army founded in 1927?
2、为了强调某一部分，而把这部分放到句首，构成倒装。
e.g. Never have I been late for school this term.
So early did he come to school that no other students came.
（二）倒装的使用情况
1、在“there be” 结构里，there是引导词，主语在be后。
e.g. There is a box on the table.
2、在疑问句中。
e.g. Is she singing in the classroom?
What does your mother do?
3、在here, there等副词开头的某些句子里（要用一般现在时态）。如果主语是人称代词，主语和主要动词的词序不变。（完全倒装）
e.g. There goes the bell.
Here is an apple for you.
There she comes.
4、重复倒装句型，用在以so, nor, neither开头，表示谓语所述的情况也适用于另一个人或一事物的肯定或否定句中。so用于肯定句，表示“也一样”、“也这样”；nor, neither用于否定句，表示“同样也不，也不这样”。
e.g. I am watching TV. So is she.
My parents didn’t watch TV last night. Neither (Nor) did I.
5、直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时，主句中的主谓也常直接倒装。（完全倒装）
e.g. “Very well,” said the French student.
“Bring me two eggs and a cup of tea, please.” said he.
6、在以never, little, hardly, not only, few, not, seldom等否定副词开头的句子中，采用部分倒装。如不放在句首就不要倒装。
e.g. Little did he say at the meeting.
Never shall I forget the day when I joined the Army.
比较：I shall never forget the day when I joined the Army.
7、用于以only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句的句子中。(注意当修饰主语时不倒装)
e.g. Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to wrk.
Only in this way can we learn English well.
注意：如果only后的词组不是状语，不需倒装。
e.g. Only Wang Lili knows this.
8、为了表达生动，有时把表地点、方位的副词，如up, down, out, aw ay, in等放在句首，同时把谓语动词放在主语之前。若主语为人称代词，主语和谓语动词的位置不变，只将副词放在句首。（完全倒装）
e.g. Away hurried the boy.
Out rushed the girl.
9、在虚拟结构中，条件从句的谓语含有were, had 和should这三个词是，可省去if，将这些词移至主语之前。
e.g. Had I time (= If I had time), I would go and help you.
Were I you (= If I were you), I would go abroad.
Should he come (=If he should come), tell him to ring me up.
10、as引导让步状语从句时要倒装（形容词/ 副词/ 名词/ 动词+ as +主语+ 谓语）。
e.g. Proud as they are, they are afraid to see me.
Child as he is, he seems to know everything.（child前不加冠词）Hard as he worded, he made little progress.
11、用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。
e.g. May you succeed!
Long live the People’s Republic of China!
12、So + 形容词、副词及such 置于句首时要倒装。
So happy did he feel. Such was me.
英语倒装句
【知识简介】
一般陈述句结构为“主语+谓语”，如果将句子某一部分移到句子前面而引起主语和谓语的顺序颠倒就成了倒装。疑问句一般均为倒装，但我们这里将不予讨论。
倒装有两种情况：部分倒装（助动词放在主语之前）和全部倒装（整个谓语部分放在主语的前面）。
【要点难点】
1) 部分倒装
①含有否定意义的副词（有时是词组）置于句首以表示强调时，句子用部分倒装形式。这类词有：
not, never, never before, nowhere, no longer, in no time, not a + 名词, not a single + 名词, not often, at no time(决不，注意和in no time[立刻，不用倒装]不同), by no means(决不), in/under no circumstances(决不), in no way(决不), on no account(决不), in no case(决不), seldom, little, hardly, scarcely, rarely, barely(仅仅、很少、几乎不), still less(更不用说)
Never before have I shown it to anyone. 我从来没有拿给任何人看过。
Never before in my life have I enjoyed such beautiful scenery. 我一生中从未欣赏过如此之美景。
Little did I realize what was upsetting him. 我完全没意识到什么让他不高兴。
Nowhere could I see him. 哪儿都见不到他。
By no means is it true that all English people know their own language well. 并非所有的英国人都通晓本国语。
He doesn’t even like her; still less is it his intention to marry her. 他甚至不喜欢她，更不用说打算娶她。
Not a single word did he say for a whole hour. 他整整一小时一句话也没说。
Under no circumstances must you relax your efforts for a moment. 在任何情况下，你一刻也不能放松自己的努力。
Neither do I know her address, nor does he. 我不知道她的地址，他也不知道。
Not could the patient eat, nor could he drink. 那个病人既不能吃，也不能喝。
Seldom in my life have I met so determined a person. 一生中我很少见到如此果断的人。
At no time will I give up my belief. 我决不会放弃我的信念。（注意和这一句不同：In no time, he gave up his effort to survive. 他立刻就放弃了求生的努力。这里没有用倒装句）
②两个重要倒装句型：
Hardly/Scarcely had A happened when B happened.（A刚发生B就发生了。）
No sooner had A happened than B happened. （A刚发生B就发生了。）
Hardly had he begun to speak when his wife stopped him. 他刚开口说话就被他妻子制止了。Hardly had she come into the room when he saw someone disappearing through the French window. 她一走进房间就看见有个人穿过落地窗不见了。
No sooner had I left my house than it began to rain. 我刚刚离开家就下雨了。
Scarcely had he gone out when it began to rain. 他刚一出门就下起雨来。
No sooner had he gone to sleep than the telephone rang once again. 他刚睡着，电话铃又响了。
③Not until倒装句型。
完全形式为：Not until/till + 某一时间（用名词词组、介词词组或从句表达）+ 助动词+ 主语+ 谓语其他部分.
Not until a long time afterwards did I realize that he was mixed up with the gang. 过了很长时间之后我才知道他与那一帮人厮混在一起。
Not until I lost that job did I realize the importance of learning a foreign language. 我失去了那份工作之后才意识到学习一门外语的重要性。
④not only …but also结构中的not only置于句首时，not only之后的句子要部分倒装。Not only did we lose all our money, but we also came close to losing our lives. 我们不但把钱全丢了，还几乎丢了命。
Not only will he do the work, but he will also be able to do the work well. 他不仅会做这个工作，而且，他也能够把这工作做好。
⑤用neither或nor表示“也不……”时用部分倒装形式（neither/nor要置于句首）。
—I know little about 3D Max. 我对3D Max懂得不多。
—Neither do I. 我也不懂多少。
—The couple quarreled again last night. 那对夫妻昨晚又吵架了。
—I don’t know, nor do I care. 我不知道，我也不关心。
She won’t go. Neither/Nor will I. 她不走，我也不走。
He had no friends nor acquaintances, nor did he make any. 他没有朋友也没有熟人，他也不结交任何朋友或熟人。
I said no more. Neither did she. 我没再说什么，她也没再说什么。
That day I didn’t watch TV, nor did I play PC games, nor did I do any of my homework. 那天我没看电视，也没打电脑游戏，也没做任何作业。
⑥表示肯定的“也是……”时可用“So + 部分倒装结构”。
The corn is ripening, and so are the apples. 玉米成熟了，苹果也成熟了。
Maxim has told me so, and so has Frank. 马克西姆曾这样告诉我，弗兰克也曾这样告诉我。People love having lots of friends, so do those with disabilities. 人们喜欢广交朋友，残疾人也一
样。
—Was the weather cold in your place yesterday? 昨天你们那里天冷吗？
—So it was and so is it today. 是啊，今天也冷。
注：当so在简短回答中表示同意对方的意见时，不用倒装。例如：
—You have spilled coffee in your dress. 你把咖啡泼在你的衣服上了。
—Oh, dear, so I have. 唉，天哪，可不是吗。
⑦“only + 副词/介词短语/状语从句”结构置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。
Only then did we realize that the man was blind. 直到那时我们才发现那个人是盲人。
Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work. 直到1918年战争结束后，他才得以愉快地重返工作岗位。
Only in this way can we expect to achieve great successes. 只有这样我们才可能期望取得巨大成功。
注意：当only与主语连用时，不用倒装。例如：
Only two of us had some experience in sailing. 只有我们两个人有些驾船航行的经验。
Only teachers of this school can use the on-line reading-room. 只有本校教师才可以用网络阅览室。
⑧so …that结构或such …that结构，so或such在句首时，随后的句子要作部分倒装。So moved was she that she could not say a word. 她激动得一句话也说不出来。
So loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him. 他的声音那么大，连隔壁屋子里的人都听得见。
So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. 光速如此之快，我们很难想像。
In such a plight did I find myself that I was at my wit’s end what to do. 我发现自己处境如此窘困而不知所措。
⑨某些表示频度方式的状语如often, many a time, well等置于句首时，句子可用部分倒装。Many a time have I seen that man begging from door to door. 我曾许多次看见那人挨门乞讨。Well do I remember the advice you gave me last June. 我非常清楚地记得去年六月你给我的建议。
Often have I heard it said that she is generous and warmhearted. 我常听人们说她又慷慨又热心。
⑩as或though引导的让步状语从句中，名词、形容词、副词或动词置于句首。
Young as he is, he knows some of the family secrets. 尽管他年纪小，他却知道家里的一些秘密。
Difficult as the work was, it was finished in time. 工作虽然困难，还是及时完成了。
Try as I might, I could not lift the stone. 尽管我用尽力气，我还是举不起这块石头。
Try as he would, he couldn’t make her change her mind. 尽管他尽力而为，却仍不能让她改变主意。
Eloquent though she was, she could not persuade them. 尽管她能说善辩，但她说服不了他们。
?在正式文体中，用倒装形式取代if引导的虚拟语气条件从句。此句相当于If you should
happen to finish early, …（亦可参见虚拟语气部分讲解）
Had I known what was going to happen, I would never have left her alone. 假如我知道会发生什么事，我就决不会把她一个人单独留下。
Had you come yesterday, you would have seen him. 若你昨天来，你就会见到他了。
Were she there, she might support the motion. 假如她在那里，她或许会支持这项动议。Should anyone call, tell him to wait for me here. 万一有人找我，让他在这里等我。
?May置于句首的感叹句，表示“但愿……！”“祝……！”（另请参看虚拟语气部分讲解）May you have a long happy life! 祝你健康长寿，生活幸福！
2) 全部倒装
①here, there, now等副词置于句首时用全倒装形式，这种句型常用来强调或提醒一个正在进行的动作，但谓语动词多为一般现在时形式（有时也用一般过去时）。
Here are the tools. 工具在这儿。
Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了。
There goes the bell. 铃响了。
I turned the corner and there were my parents. 我一拐弯，我父母就在那儿。
There entered a strange little man. 走进来一个奇怪而身村又矮小的人。
Once there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea. 从前，海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫。
②在全倒装形式的句子中，如果主语为人称代词，则主谓不能倒装。
—Where’s my dictionary? 我的词典在哪里？
—Here it is. 给。（不说Here is it.）
Away he went, without waiting for any reply. 他没等回答就离开了。（不说Away went he.）
③then倒装句常用一般过去时。
Then came Mary and George. 然后玛丽和乔治来了。
④表示位置或时间的副词如away, up, down, in, out, next, soon等（包括前面提到的here, there, now, then）在句首时，句子用全倒装形式。在这种句型中，谓语动词往往是be动词及come, go, fall, fly, lie等趋向动词。
Down came the rain. 下雨了。
Up went the arrow into the air. 飕地一声，箭射上了天。
Away went the boy to the school! 那男孩子到学校里去了！
Off goes the woman. 那个女人走了。
Here comes our teacher! 我们的老师来了！
In came our English teacher, with a dictionary in his hand. 英语老师走了进来，手里拿着本词典。
The door opened and out came a tall, whiskered man. 门开了，出来一个大个子满脸络腮胡子的人。
Following the roar, out rushed a tiger from among the bushes. 一声吼叫，呼地从丛林中冲出一只老虎。
Soon came a new development that had far-reaching effects. 不久有了一个新的发展，产生了深远的影响。
Southwest of the reservoir were 2,000 mu of sandy wasteland. 水库西南有两千亩沙荒地。
⑤表示地点或时间的介词短语在句首时，常用全部倒装形式。
In the cottage lives a family of six. 在这幢小茅屋里住着一家六口。
Before them lay miles of undulating moorland. 他们前面是一片高低起伏的荒原。
Near the bridge was an old cottage. 在桥的附近有一幢古老的小茅舍。
In the castle lived the Snow White with the seven dwarfs. 白雪公主和七个小矮人住在城堡里。Four or five miles to the east of them lay the blue waters of Lake Michigan. 位于它们以东四、五英里的地方是蔚蓝色的密歇根湖。
On the table stood two glasses, an empty brandy bottle, and the remains of a meal. 在桌子上有两只玻璃杯，一个空的白兰地酒瓶以及一些残羹剩饭。
After the banquet came a firework display in the garden. 在宴会之后，花园里又燃放了烟火。
⑥在正式文体中，遇到“主语+ 动词+ 表语”结构，如果主语较长，或是要特别强调表语内容，这时可用全部倒装形式，使句子或是产生平衡感，或是产生语势感。
Happy is he who has a sound mind in a sound body. 身心健康的人是幸福的。
Very important in the farmers’life is the weather forecast. 农民生活中非常重要的事就是天气预报。
Worst of all were the humiliation he suffered. 最糟糕的是他受的屈辱。
Hidden underground is a wealth of gold, silver, copper, lead and zinc. 地下埋藏了大量金、银、铜、铅和锌。
Shown together with these products were models of steel works. 和这些产品一道展出的还有钢铁厂的模型。
Lying on the floor was a boy aged about seventeen. 躺在地板上的是一个年约十七岁的男孩。Standing beside the table was an interpreter. 站在桌旁的是一位口译员。
⑦thus在句首时，句子可用全部倒装形式。
Thus began their work. 他们的工作就这样开始了。
高中英语倒装句 倒装句分为全部倒装和部分倒装 1全部倒装全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：1）here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词。例如：Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。Here is your letter. 你的信。 2). up，down，out，away，in , off, ahead放于句首Up jumped the cat and caught the mouse. Ahead sat an old woman. 3）表示地点，时间，方向等的介词短语放在句首时例如：After the head walked a group of workers. 4.“作表语的现在分词/过去分词/形容词+系动词+主语”形式的完全倒装 Seated in the front were the guests. 注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如： Here he comes. 他来了。Away they went. 他们走开了。 2部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。 1. 句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, rarely, scarely, in no way, under no circumstance, at no time决不, not until…等。例如： Never have I seen such a performance. 从未见过如此糟糕的表演。 Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。 Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。 当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意：如否定词不在句首不倒装。例如： The mother didn\'t leave the room until the child fell asleep. 典型例题 1）---Why can\'t I smoke here? ----At no time___ in the meeting-room A. is smoking permitted B.smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted D.does smoking permit 2）Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is. A. man did know B. man know C. didn\'t man know D. did man know 2.Not only…but also前面倒装，后面不倒装 Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 他没有收下礼物，还狠狠批评了送礼的人。 3．Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner…than等，要倒装。 Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 典型例题No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B.has the game begun C. did the game begin D.had the game begun 4so, neither, nor作部分倒装 so/neither/nor+be/can(should/will/could…..)/do(did/does)+sb表示\"也\"、\"也不\" 的句子要部分倒装。例如： 典型例题---Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? ---I don\'t know, _____. A. nor don\'t I care B. nor do I care C. I don\'t care neither D. I don\'t care also 注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为\"的确如此\"。例如： Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. ---It\'s raining hard.---So it is. 5 only在句首后接状语用总分倒装。例如： Only in this way can you learn English well. 只有这样，你才能学好英语。 如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。例如： Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 病得狠重时，他才卧床休息。 注意：如果only后的词组不是状语，不需倒装。
高考语法专题：倒装句和省略句 ------李在刚 1.全部倒装 全部倒装是指整个谓语放到主语的前面，即谓语在前，主语在后。有下列几种：(1)there be (lie, stand, live...)句型。there be是谓语，其后的名词是主语。 There are different forms of energy. On the top of the mountain there stands an old temple. Once upon a time, there lived a poor fisherman. (2)在以here, there, out, in, up, down, away，now，then等开头的句子中。 There goes the bell. Here comes the bus. Out rushed the boy. Away went the children. The door opened and there entered a middle-aged man. 【注意】主语是人称代词时不倒装。例如： Here it is.给你。 Away he went.他走了。 (3)直接引语在句首。 “What does it mean?” asked the boy. (4)为了使句子保持平衡，有时需要倒装。 Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island. On the winding path were to be found footprints of some strange animals. 2.部分倒装 即将谓语的一部分提到主语之前。相当于变为一般疑问句中的谓语，是倒装句的重点,也是高考考查的热点之一。 部分倒装主要有以下几种情况： (1)Only +状语在句首： Only then did I realize that I was wrong. Only when the war was over in1918 was he able to get happily back to work. 【注意】如果only后没有状语，即使在句首也不倒装。 例如：Only a doctor can do it. (2)否定副词在句首。 这类副词主要有：hardly, seldom, little, not, nor, neither, not only...but also, no sooner...than, hardly...when，in no time等。 Little does he care about what others think. Not a single mistake did he make. Never shall I forget it.
倒装句 1. He was so careful that not a single mistake ______ in the test. A. he made B. he had ever made C. did he make D. he ever made 2. So loudly _____ that all the people in the room got a fright. A. she shouted B. did she shout C. she did shout D. she ever shouted 3. Not only ______ but also _____ the computer. A. could be type, could he operate B. could be type, he could operate C. he could type, could be operate D. he could type, he could operate 4. Higher and higher ______ and then it was out of sight. A. flew it B. it flew C. did it fly D. was it flying 5. It was not until _____ that _____. A. did mother satisfy his needs, Joe went to bed B. mother satisfied his needs, did Joe go to bed C. mother satisfied his needs, Joe went to bed D. did mother satisfy his needs, did Joe go to bed 6. “Einstein became world famous for his work on mathematical theory relativity.? “___________.” A. So did he B. So he did C. He did so D. He did so 7. If you don’t go shopping tomorrow, ______. A. neither will I B. nor I will C. neither do I D. nor do I 8. _____ when he heard the bell for class. A. Away the boy hurried B. Away did the boy hurry C. Away hurried the boy D. Hurried away the boy 9. One can’t think of Africa without thinking of Egypt, _____ of Egypt without the Nile. A. and B. either C. too D. nor 10. _____ that morning that the highway was blocked. A. So was the snow heavy B. So heavy the snow was C. So heavy was the snow D. Was the snow so heavy 11. Little ______ years ago that I would be sitting here today as a chief engineer. A. I thought B. did I think C. I did think D. thought I 12. He ______ to the lab than he set out to do the experiment. A. has no sober got B. no sooner got C. will no sooner get D. had no sooner got 13. ______, I have ne ver seen anyone who’s as capable as John. A. As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled so much C. Much as I have traveled D. As I have traveled so much 14. Only when the war was over _____ to his home town. A. did the young soldier return B. the young soldier returned C. returned the young soldier D. the young soldier did return 15. The little time we have together we try ____ wisely. A. spending it B. to spend it C. to spend d. spending that 16. No sooner _____ than the fire broke out. A. he had left B. had he left C. his leaving D. he left 17. Not until the late 1940s _____ China’s history _____ a great turning point. A. did, come to B. had, come to C. that, came to D. was, brought 18. Only after she got off the bus, _____ that _____ her handbag on the seat. A. she found, she had lost B. did she find, had she lost C. did she realize, she had left D. she realized, had she left 19. Not only ____ polluted but _____ crowded. A. was the city, were the streets B. the city was, were the streets C. was the city, the streets were D. the city was, the streets were 20. Only after he came back ____ what had happened.
倒装用法归纳 江苏仲卫东 一、完全倒装 完全倒装是把谓语动词完全置于主语前，其中主语必须是名词，若为代词则不倒装，这种结构中谓语部分无助动词 （ be ， do ， have ）和情态动词，但可以有连系动词 be 。须用完全倒装的情况有： 1.当句首为副词 out ， in ， up ， down ， off ， here ， there 等，且主语为名词(不能为代词)时，应用完全倒装。如： In came the doctor. 医生进来了。 There goes the bell. 铃响了。 主语为代词时，应用部分倒装。 Look，there she is，she is at the school gate. 2. 当表示地点的介词短语位于句首，且主语为名词时，应用完全倒装。如： On top of the hill stands a big pine tree. 山顶上耸立着一棵大松树。
Under the tree were some children. 树下有一些孩子。 3. 在 there be 结构中， there 为引导词， be 动词之后为句子的主语，属完全倒装， be 应与主语保持一致。除 be 以外，能与 there 连用的动词还有 seem ， exist ，happen ， appear ， live ， stand 等。如： There were a lot of people in the park last Sunday. 上周日公园里有很多人。 Once there lived a king who was cruel to his people. 从前有一位对人民很残暴的国王。 4.作表语的形容词、过去分词等较短，而主语相对比较长，为了保持句子平衡而将表语前置时，句子的主谓也应完全倒装。如： Typical for China is the crosstalk show, in which two comedians entertain the audiences with words. 中国典型的艺术形式是相声，两名演员用言语来逗乐观众。Gone are the days when we Chinese were looked down upon.
考研英语语法大全之【倒装句】详解 倒装句 英语的基本语序是“主语+谓语”，这种语序称为陈述句语序或自然语序(normal word order)，如果把谓语的全部或一部分置于主语之前，就称为倒装语序(inverted word order)，当谓语全部置于主语之前，称为全部倒装(full inversion);当谓语一部分(如助动词或情态动词)置于主语之前，称为部分倒装(partial inversion)。 一、全部倒装 (一)there be句型 有时一些表示存在意义的不及物动词也可用于该句型，如：stand，lie，exist，live，remain，appear，come，happen，occur，rise等。 例句：Generally，there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states，large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a common set of laws. (选自2007年Use of English) 分析：该句是复合句，其中a belief与that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states互为同位语关系，形容词短语large enough to be...作定语修饰states。 译文：他们普遍认为新生的国家是拥有主权和完全独立的国家，大到经济上可运行良好，并由一套共同法律让各个新的独立国家联合起来。
高考英语语法--倒装句（含高考语法填空和短文改错考点预测） 【高考考点透析】 高考语法填空主要结合谓语动词考查完全倒装中的主谓一致，以及部分倒装中放在主语之前的助动词、情态动词、be动词；高考短文改错也从这两个方面来考查。 （一）语法填空 【高考题预测】 1. Not until he left his home ______ he begin to know how important the family was for him. 2. Only in this way ______ you learn English well. 3.successful was her business that Marie was able to set up new branches elsewhere. 4.it rain tomorrow , we would not go hiking . 5. Strange it might sound, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting. 6.If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party, will he. 7.______ when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home. 8.At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River______（lie）Chongqing, one of the ten largest cities in China. 9.Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away _______（run）the thief. 答案及解析： 1.did not until位于句首时，句子需用部分倒装结构，此处指过去所发生的动作，需用一般过去时，故答案为did。 2.can句意：只有用这种方式你才能学好英语。“only+状语”位于句首时，该句用部分倒装，根据句意需用情态动词can。 3. So 在so +adj+that.. 句子结构中，so和其所修饰的词置于句首时，要用部分倒装。 4. Should句意：如果明天下雨, 我们就不去远足. Should it rain tomorrow = If it should rain tomorrow. 5. as/ though 句意：虽然听起来很奇怪，他的观点在会上得到了所有人的认可。as/ though 引导让步状语从句时，从句要用倒装语序。 6. neither/nor前一个句子是否定句，故使用neither/nor表示“也不”。 7. Only 句意：只有当莉莉走进办公室时她才意识到她把合同落在家里了。“only+状语从句”置于句首时，主句需用部分倒装形式did she realize。 8.lies 表示方位的地点状语提前，句子用完全倒装，Chongqing是第三人称单数，因此谓语动词用lies。 9. ran 副词away提前，句子用完全倒装，时态是一般过去时，因此谓语动词用ran。（二）短文改错 【高考题预测】 1.There exist now a park that has a small river running through 2.Look, there comes the rest of our guests! 3.In the natural park do live some of the world’s largest bears. 4.Only if you eat the correct foods can you be able to keep fit and stay healthy. 5.Little they care about money, though they are poor. 6.Your room gets very cold at night, and s o is mine. 7. Jane won’t join us for dinner tonight and so will Tom . 答案及解析： 1.exist – exists 主语a park是第三人称单数。 2. comes-- come 副词there放在句首且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装结构，由
倒装句讲解 部分倒装 1. 否定意义的词或短语，位于句首，需部分倒装。如否定词no, not, never；半否定词hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, rarely, little, few；no合成的代词或副词nobody, nothing, nowhere；否定的短语not until, by no means, in no way, in no time, under no circumstances。 No word did he say before he left. Never had I heard or seen such a thing. Little did I know about it. Nowhere will you find better roses than theses. Not until he went abroad did he know the truth. By no means shall we give up. 2. not only (merely, alone, simply)…(but) also 连接两个并列分句，前一分句需倒装。 Not only did we lose our money, but we also came close to losing our lives. Not simply is this book interesting but also instructive. 注意：Not only you but also I（连接并列主语不倒装）will attend the meeting. 3. neither…nor连接两个并列分句，前后两个分句都倒装。 Neither did they write nor did they telephone. Neither is he wrong nor are you. Neither could I help you, nor could he. Neither French nor German do I know. Neither on Saturday nor on Sunday do we have lessons. 注意： Neither you nor I（连接并列主语不倒装） like this book. 4. Only + 状语，位于句首，需部分倒装。 Only when I got there did I know the truth.
倒装句 概念：用以表示一定句子结构的需要和强调某一句子成分的需要，分为完全倒装和部分倒装。 一.完全倒装：句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。 1.以here, there, now, then等副词或out, in, up, down, away等表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首以示强调，句子要全部倒装，谓语动词常用come,go, be, lie,run,rush等。 2.表示地点的介词短语位于句首时 A beautiful lake lies at the foot of the hill At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake. 注意：在上述句子中，如果主语为人称代词，则主、谓不需要倒装。 In he came and back he went again. Away he went . 二.部分倒装：be/助动词/情态动词提前到主语的前面。 Is am are was were（be动词）do does did（助动词）can could would may will might（情态动词）等1.only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时, 要进行部分倒装. Only then did I realize the importance of learning English. Only after he came back was I able to see him. 注：only修饰主语，仍用自然语序，如：Only socialism can save China. I seldom go to the cinema. 倒装：Seldom do I go to the cinema. 我很少去看电影． I have never seen such a performance. 倒装：Never have I seen such a performance. 我从来没有看过这样的表演． 2.否定副词及介词短语的否定词位于句首时。 高考常考的这类词或词语有：never , not, seldom, hardly, little, nowhere, by no means, in no time等。 3.not until 引导的从句位于句首引起的主句部分倒装 He didn’t finish his homework until his mother came back. 倒装：Not until his mother came back did he finish his homework. 直到他的妈妈回来，他才完成作业。 The mother didn’t leave the room until the child fell asleep. 倒装：Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 等到孩子睡着了，妈妈才离开房间． 注意：当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。 4、as/ though (虽然，尽管）引导的让步状语从句 名词\形容词\副词\分词+as\though+主语+其他 Although I am ugly, I am gentle. 倒装：Ugly as I am, I am gentle. Though he is a child, he has to make a living. 倒装：Child as he is, he has to make a living. 注意：从句的表语是名词，其名词前不加任何冠词
英语语法归纳总结及倒装句 语法归纳总结 一. 词类 英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1. 名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。 例：boy, morning, bag, home, class, orange. 2. 代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。 例：who, she, you, it . 3. 形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。 例：good, right, white . 4. 数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。 例：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5. 动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。 例：am, is,are,have,see . 6. 副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，说明时间、地点、程度等。 例：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7. 冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。 例：a, an, the. 8. 介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。 例：in, on, from, above, behind. 9. 连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。 例：and, but, before . 10. 感叹词(interj..)：表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。 例：oh, well, hi, hello. 二. 句子成分 英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。
1. 主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。 例：I’m Miss Green.我是格林小姐。 2. 谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。 例：Jack cleans the room every day. 杰克每天打扫房间。 3. 表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担 任。 例：My name is Ping ping. 我的名字叫萍萍。 4. 宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 例：He can spell the word. 他能拼这个词。 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语 一般放在直接宾语的前面。 例：He wrote me a letter. 他给我写了一封信。 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。 例：He wrote a letter to me. 他给我写了一封信。 5. 定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。 例：Shanghai is a big city. 上海是个大城市。 6. 状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词，通常由副词担任。 例：He works hard. 他工作努力。 7. 宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当。 例：They usually keep their classroom clean. 他们通常让教室保持清洁。 The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself. 老师要我自学法语。 注意：同位语通常紧跟在名词、代词后面，进一步说明它的情况。 例：Where is your classmate Tom ? 你的同学汤姆在哪里？ 三. 英语中的五种基本句型 1. 基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）谓语通常是不及物动词。 例：The moon rose. 月亮升起了。
高三英语语法复习——倒装句 【熟读深思】 熟读下列句子，体会倒装句式的特点，思考什么情况下用倒装句式。 1. Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of China Daily 2. Only when you have seen what he or she does can you cover a story by yourself. 3. Not only am I interested in photography, but I took a course at university….. 4. He can swim and so can I. 5.So little did they agree on the plan that they couldn’t settle their differences. 6. Were he rich enough, he would buy a new car. 【倒装与广东高考】 在语法填空中可能要求考生填入适当的助动词。在写作中恰当运用倒装句，特别是由“only+状语”开头的倒装句，会给阅读者留下良好的印象。 【归纳讲解】 在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时谓语的全部或者一部分（通常是助动词或情态动词）却提到主语的前面，这种语序叫做“倒装”。倒装的原因，一是语法结构的需要，一是为了强调。 倒装有两种类型：完全倒装和部分倒装。 所谓完全倒装是指整个谓语移至主语之前。 Eg Out rushed the students to welcome the foreign friends. 完全倒装常见的情况有： 1)表示地点的介词短语表示的状语，提前位于句首时： 如：一只小狗坐在房间外。Outside the room sits a little dog. 2) 以here, there, now, then等副词或out, in, up, down, away等表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首以示强调，句子要完全倒装，谓语动词常用come,go, be, lie,run,rush 等如；There goes the bell. 3)There be结构。另外，在此结构中可用用来代替be动词的动词有exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand等。 如：桌子上有一本书，两个橙子。There is one book, two oranges in the desk. 4)表语置于句首时，为了使上下文紧密衔接,常把表语放在句首,倒装结构为：
倒装句得高考考点: 全部倒装: 1、在以heｒe、there、now、ｔhen、off、aｗａｙ等副词开头得句子里。 2、表示地点得介词短语位于句首时。 部分倒装 1、Only＋状语位于句首时 ２、否定副词或短语位于句首时 3、ａs引导得让步状语从句 4、So＼Ｎeither＼Nｏr 位于句首时 5、特殊句式 6、在省去iｆ得虚拟条件从句中 倒装句 倒装就是一种语法手段,用以表示一定句子结构得需要与强调某一句子成分得需要,分为完全倒装与部分倒装。 A、Here cｏｍes the ｃａr、(全部倒装) 全部倒装:只将句子中得谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时与一般过去时、 Aｗaｙｗｅｎt the boy、 Ｂ、Nｅｖeｒhave I sｅen this kind of ｃaｒ、(部分倒装) 部分倒装:be／助动词／情态动词提前到主语得前面。 一.完全倒装 Tｈere goes ｔhe bell. 铃响了
Here cｏmｅｓthe bus. 公共汽车来了 Ａwaｙweｎt the boｙ。那个男孩走开了。 Ｏｕt ｒuｓhed the cｈildreｎ. 小孩子冲了出来。 1.以heｒe, theｒe, nｏw, thｅn等副词或out, in, up, dｏwn, aｗａｙ等表示运动方向得副词或地点状语置于句首以示强调,句子要全部倒装,谓语动词常用e,gｏ, be, lie,ｒuｎ,rｕsh等。2。表示地点得介词短语位于句首时 A beａuｔｉｆul ｌake liｅs at thｅfoｏｔof tｈe hill At the foot of ｔhe hｉlｌｌｉes a bｅａｕｔｉｆul lａｋe. 注意:在上述句子中,如果主语为人称代词,则主、谓不需要倒装。 Iｎhｅcａｍe anｄbａｃk ｈe went aｇａin。 Awaｙhe ｗｅnt 。 二.部分倒装 把ｂe／助动词/情态动词提前到主语得前面 Is am are was werｅ(be动词)ｄo does did(助动词) ｃａn could ｗould may wｉｌl miｇｈｔ(情态动词) 等 1。only所修饰得副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时, 要进行部分倒装。 Oｎly thｅn did I realｉze ｔhe imｐｏrｔance of learning Englisｈ。 Only aｆter hｅcａme ｂａｃk wａｓI ａbｌe tｏsｅe hiｍ。
倒装、强调和省略 装、强调和省略 倒装 Inversion 英语的一般语序(自然语序Natural Order)为：主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语（或表语） + (状语等附加成分)。有时为了语法上或修辞上的需要而改变这种语序。 一、语法倒装 1. 句首是由某些表示地点状语的副词开头，或者方位副词、介词短语放在句 首时，主谓全部倒装(Full Inversion)。 比如：here, back, down, off, in, up，hence, then, thus, often, so，out, up, away, on等，通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时，谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。主语为主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。 Here is your letter. 这是你的信。 Down came the rain. 下雨了。 Hence comes the name magnet. 由此得名“磁铁”。 Into the sky went the plane. 飞机飞向天空。 Away went the girl to the school! 这个女孩到学校去了！ Off goes the woman! 那个女人走了！ 2. 以there开头，表示“….有….”, “There+be+主语”结构；在正式文体中，当主语不明确是一个很长的名词短语时，用“there+不及物动词+主语”结构。 There are more important matters we need to discuss. 我们有很多重要的事情需要讨论。 There entered a strange little man. 走进来一个奇怪而身材矮小的人。 3. 主语 + live, stand, lie, sit 等动词+（介词）地点状语的结构中常采用倒装语序。 正常语序：An old temple stands at the top of the hill. 倒装语序：At the top of the hill stands an old temple. 山顶上有座古庙。 4. 英语中构成疑问句（除对主语或主语的定语提问的特殊疑问句外），通常需使用倒装，属于部分倒装。 When are we going to drink to your happiness? 我们什么时候喝你们的喜酒？ Do you have anything like that? 你有那样的东西吗？ 5. 虚拟语气中的倒装。虚拟语气中省略if的虚拟条件句时，可以用had, were, should来开头，主谓部分倒装。 Were I a businessman (=If I were…), I would gain profit from the go vernor. 假如我是商人，我一定会从政府那里得到益处。 Should he call you to dine out tomorrow (= If he should come…), what would you do then? 万一他给你打电话明天出去吃晚饭，你会怎么办？
倒装句 英语句子的主语通常位于谓语动词之前，这种语序被称为正常语序。但有时出于强调或某种特殊的语法结构的需要，需要将谓语动词放在主语之前，这种语序则叫倒装语序。按倒装的形式，倒装可分为两类，一是完全倒装，二是部分倒装。完全倒装是指全部谓语放在主语之前，部分倒装是指只把助动词、情态动词或be动词放在主语之前，谓语的主体部分仍在主语之后。 一、完全倒装 1. 用于 there be 句型。 例：There are many students in the classroom. 原句自然顺序是：Many students are there in the classroom. ★2. 表示地点的here和there位于句首时，其后用完全倒装形式。这类倒装句的谓语通常是动词be和come, go等表示移动或动态的不及物动词，以及stand, lie, live等表示状态的动词(表示存在)。 例：Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。 There goes the last train. 最后一班火车开走了。 There stood a desk against the wall. 靠墙放着一张书桌。 注意：若主语为人称代词，则不倒装。如： Here you are. 这就是你要的东西。（给你。） Here it comes. 它来了。 ★3. 表示方向的副词away, down, in, off, out, over, round, up等位于句首时，其后用完全倒装语序。这类倒装句的谓语通常表示动态的不及物动词。 Out rushed the puppy. 小狗冲了出去。 Away went the girl. 那个女孩走远了。 Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas.下雨了，伞都撑起来了。 注：若主语为人称代词，则不能用倒装。如： In he comes. 他走了进来。 Down it came.它掉了下来。 ★4. 表示时间或顺序的副词now, then 等位于句首时，其后用完全倒装语序。这类倒装句的谓语通常表示动态的不及物动词。如： Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了。 Then came a new difficulty. 这时又产生了一个新的困难。 ★5. 当句首状语是表示地点的介词词组时，也常引起全部倒装。 South of the city lies the factory. 工厂位于城市南部。