八上UNIT8
Anna: Sam, I want to make Russian soup for a party on Saturday. Can you________________? Sam: Sure._____, buy some beef, one cabbage, four carrots, three potatoes, five tomatoes and one onion.__________, cut up the vegetables.
Anna: what's next?
Sam: Next, _____the beef, carrots and potatoes_______ a pot and add some water. After that, cook them for 30 minutes. Then, add the cabbage, tomatoes and onion and cook_________ 10 minutes
Anna: OK, that’s it?
Sam: No,_______________. Finally, don’t forget to add some salt.
Thanksgiving in the United States
In most countries, people usually eat traditional food_______________________.
A special day in the United States is Thanksgiving. It is always on the __________in November, and is a time to ______________for food in the autumn. At this time, people also remember the first travelers from England who came to live in America about 400 years ago. These travelers________________, and many of them died. In the next autumn, they gave thanks for life and food in their new home. These days,______________ still celebrate this idea of giving thanks ____________________with their family. The main dish of this meal is almost always turkey, a large bird . _______________way to make turkey for a Thanksgiving dinner.
First, ________________some bread pieces, onions, salt and pepper
Next, fill the turkey with this
Then, Put the turkey in a hot oven and cook it ________a few hours
When it is ready,________ the turkey _______a large plate and cover it _________gravy.
Girl 1: let's make fruit salad. Girl2 : OK. Do you have bananas? Girl 1:Yes, I do. _________bananas do we need ? Girl2 :We need three bananas. Girl 1:That sounds about right. What else? Girl 2 : Watermelon.
Girl 1: ___________watermelon Girl 2: Oh, only one small watermelon .And
we need some honey.
Girl l: _______________honey do we need? Girl 2: let's see. Two spoons
Girl I: Right. _____________ ? Girl 2: Apples
Girl 1: How many apples do we need? Girl 2:One________.
Girl 1: I think it must be delious.
八年级上英语语法 【灰常完整的哦】 1) leave 的用法 1. leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如： When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的？ 2. leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如：Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。 3. Ieave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如：Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京？ 2)情态动词should “应该”学会使用 should 作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会” 的意思，例如： How should I know? 我怎么知道？ Why should you be so late today?尔今天为什么来得这么晚？should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如： We should help each othe我们应当互相帮助。我们在使用时要注意以下几点： 1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如： You should be here with clean hands尔应该把手洗干净了再来。 2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如： You should go to the doctor if you feel ill ?如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。 3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如： We should arrive by supper time.我们在晚饭前就能到了。She should be here any moment 她随时都可能来。 3 1. what与which都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。如： What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？
单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus) 语法精讲 一、祈使句 祈使句常用来表示命令、指示、请求、要求或建议等。 1．当主语是第二人称you时，you通常被省略。这种祈使句一般以动词原形开头。它的否定形式是在动词原形前加Don't。如： Be more careful next time.下次仔细点。 Come to school earlier next time.下次早点来学校。 Don't play computer games.不要玩电脑游戏。 在祈使句的句首或句尾加please，可以使祈使句的语气更委婉。注意：在句尾加please 时，要在please前加逗号。如： Please speak loudly.＝Speak loudly，please.请大声讲话。 2．带有第一、第三人称主语的祈使句通常以let为引导词，一般用来提建议。如： Let's watch the cartoon now.现在我们看卡通片吧。 Let's/Let me祈使句的否定形式是Let's/Let me not…或Don't let's/let me …；“Let ＋第三人称”的否定形式为Don't let ＋第三人称…。如： Let's not play soccer in the street.我们不要在街上踢足球。 Don't let her watch so much TV.不要让她看这么多电视。 二、可数名词与不可数名词 普通名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。 1．可数名词可以用具体的数词来修饰，也可以用“数词＋计量名词＋of ＋可数名词的复数形式”来表示。如：three apples三个苹果；two bags of watermelons两袋西瓜2．不可数名词没有复数形式，表示量时用“数词＋计量名词＋of ＋不可数名词”结构。如：a cup of milk一杯牛奶 3．可数名词的量可以用how many提问；不可数名词的量可以用how much提问。 4．some，any，a lot of，lots of等既可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词。 语法精练 Ⅰ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．________(keep) quiet in the library. 2．Don't ________(swim) in the river，please. 3．Please don't ________(be) late for school next time. 4．You should not eat too much ________(meat)． 5．They visited two big ________(factory) last month. 6．There ________(be) some bread on the table. You can have some. 7．Would you like to buy some ________(salt), Mrs. Smith? 8．Both his uncle and his aunt are famous ________(scientist)． 9．How much ________(coffee) is there in the cup? 10．How many ________(watermelon) did you buy yesterday? Ⅱ.按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。 11．You must listen to the teacher carefully. (改为祈使句) ________ ________ the teacher carefully，please. 12．You can't pour the water into the pot. (改为祈使句) ________ ________ the water into the pot. 13．I have two brothers. (对画线部分提问)
八年级上册英语语法归纳 【篇一】 1. what 与which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。如： What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的? 该句相当于： What does your father do? What is your father’s job? Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如： ---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特? ---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。 2. What...?是泛指，所指的事物没有范围的限制;而Which...?是特指，所指的事物有范围的限制。如： What color do you like best? (所有颜色) 你最喜爱什么颜色? Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? (有特定的范围) 你最喜爱哪一种颜色? 3. what 与which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如：Which pictures are from China? 哪些图片来自中国? 4) 频度副词的位置 1.常见的频度副词有以下这些： always(总是，一直) usually(通常)
often(常常，经常) sometimes(有时候) never(从不) 2.频度副词的位置： a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如： David is often arrives late for school. 大卫上学经常迟到。 b.放在行为动词前。如： We usually go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天经常在7：10去上学。 c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾，用来表示强调。如：Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike. 有时我步行回家，有时我骑自行车。 3.never放在句首时，主语、谓语动词要倒装。如：Never have I been there. 5) every day 与everyday 1. every day 作状语，译为“每一天”。如： We go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天7：10去上学。 I decide to read English every day. 我决定每天读英语。 2. everyday 作定语，译为“日常的”。 She watches everyday English on TV after dinner. 她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。
人教版八年级上册英语单词Unit1 how often 多久一次 exercise v.& n.锻炼skateboard v.踩滑板 hardly adv.几乎不 ever adv.曾，曾经 once adv.一次 twice adv.两次 time n.次，次数 surf v.在…冲浪 Internet n.网络 program n.节目，表演 high school 高中，完全中学result n.结果 active adj.活跃的，积极的 for prep.对于，在…方面 as for 至于,关于 about adv.几乎，大约 junk n.废弃的旧物 junk food 垃圾食品 milk n.牛奶 coffee n.咖啡 chip n.（食物等的）薄片 cola n.可乐 chocolate n.巧克力 drink v.喝，饮 health n.健康，健康状况 how many 多少 interviewer n.采访者 habit n.习惯 try v.试图，设法，努力 of course 当然 look after 照顾，照看lifestyle n.生活方式 grade n.分数，成绩 better adj.& adv.更好的（地）same adj.同样的，相同的 as prep.像…一样 different adj.不同的，有区别的difference n.不同，差异，区别unhealthy adj.不健康的
maybe adv.或许，大概although conj.虽然，即使for prep.达，计 grandpa n.外公，爷爷 a lot of 大量，许多 keep v.保持 must modal v.必须 less adj.更小的，较少的Unit2 中文 matter n.事情，问题 have v.得（病），患（病）cold n.受凉，感冒 have a cold 得了感冒stomachache n.胃痛 sore adj.疼痛的 back n.背，背部 arm n.臂，胳膊 ear n.耳朵 eye n.眼睛 foot n.脚，足 hand n.手 head n.头，头部 leg n.腿，腿部 mouth n.嘴 neck n.脖子，颈部 nose n.鼻子 stomach n.胃 tooth n.牙齿 throat n.喉咙 toothache n.牙痛 fever n.发烧，发热 rest v.休息 honey n.蜂蜜 dentist n.牙医 should modal v.应该headache n.头痛 shouldn't=should not ago adv.以前 so pron.如此，这样 illness n.疾病 advice n.劝告 thirsty adj.渴的
语法 祈使句 用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告或祝愿等，因此祈使句中一般没有主语，但根据其句意，实际上是省略了主语you，直接用动词原形开头，句尾用句号或感叹号。有时，在祈使句前面或末尾加上please，显得有礼貌。 ?肯定的表达 1. 以动词原形开头 例：Have a nice weekend! 祝你周末愉快！ Be careful! 小心！ Come in, please!=Please come in! 请进！ 2. 以Let开头 例：Let me help you! 让我来帮你！ Let us try again! 让我们再试一次！ Let's sing together! 我们一起唱歌吧！ ?祈使句否定的表达 1. Don't＋动词原形＋其他成分. 例：Don't say that again! 别再那样说了！ 2. Don't be＋其他成分（形容词、名词或介词短语等）. 例：Don't be careless. 不要粗心。 3. let引起的祈使句的否定形式有两种： let开头的祈使句，如果后面跟第一、第三人称名词或代词的宾格，可在let前加Don't，也可在let后的宾语后面加not；如果以Let's开头的祈使句，必须在Let's 后加not。 例：Don't let me go with her tomorrow. = Let me not go with her tomorrow. 不要让我明天跟她一起去。
Let's not tell her the true story. 我们别把真相告诉她。 4.常用No doing! No + n. 句型表达在某些场合“禁止某种行为”，或对某种行为进行劝阻，但并非所有的动词或名词都可以这样表达，常见的搭配如下： ?祈使句的反意疑问句 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分通常用will you。例： Don't do that again, will you? Go with me, will you / won't you? 陈述部分形式为Let's，疑问部分用shall we，而陈述部分形式为Let us，疑问部分用will you。例： Let's try harder, shall we? Let us go now, will you? ?总结
一. 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级 1. 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则 （1）单音节词和少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节单词，比较级在后面加-er，最高级在后面加-est。 ①单音节单词 small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest ②少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节单词 clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest （2）以不发音e结尾的单音节单词，比较级在原形后加-r，最高级在原级后加-st。
large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest （3）以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）单词中，先双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高级加-est。 big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest （4）以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，把y改为i，比较级加-er，最高级加-est。 easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest （5）其他双音节词和多音节词，比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加most。
beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful different→more different→most different easily→more easily→most easily （6）有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的，必须熟记。 good→better→best well→better→best bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest many/much→more→most little→less→least far →further/farther→furthest/farthest 2. 形容词和副词比较级的用法 （1）“甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”。 Tom is taller than Kate. 汤姆比凯特高。
八年级上册8AUnit1 -8语法总结 1. 形容词/副词的比较等级(1)—用法讲解 大多数的形容词都有三个级别：原级、比较级、最高级。其中比较级表示更……”，用于两 者之间的比较，用来说明前者比后者更..... ”，比较级前面一般用much, even, a little修饰， 其中even, much只能修饰比较级。最高级表示最 ... ”，用于三者及三者以上之间的比较， 用来说明某人或某物在某个范围内最……” ①形容词的比较级(-er)和最高级(-est)的构成规则变化之口诀：直接加；去e加；双写加；变y加;more/ most b. ②比较级前的修饰语 still, even, any, quite（a bit）, almost, nearly, just, rathe; a little, a bit; much, a lot, far, many； twice, ten times, one fourth, two poun ds, three years 形容词的比较等级（2）—常见句型 ①A=B A+ V + as + adj./adv. + as + B （与。。。一样） He is as tall as I/me.他和我一样高。 He is as good a teacher as his father.和他的父亲一样是个好教师。 ②心 B A + V + not + as/so + adj./adv. + as + B （与。。。不一样） They didn ' t do as/so much work as you（他们干得事没有你多。 I ' ve never seen as/so old a car as我从来没有见过像这样旧的车。 ③ A > B 或 A < B A + V + 比较级+ than + B （比。。。更。。。） Tom is two years older tha n his brother.汤姆比他的弟弟大两岁。 Our classroom is bigger than theirs.我们的教室比他们的大。 ④表示倍数 A + V + twice/four times/ …+ as + adj./adv. + a$ A 是 B 的两倍/四倍/ …） This room is twice as large as that one.整个房间是那房间的两倍大。 The earth is 49 times as big as the moo地球是月球的49 倍大。 ⑤表示程度的递增主语+ V +比较级+ and+比较级（…越来越…） 主语+ V + more and more+ +adj./adv. （…越来越…） The days are gett ing shorter and shorter.天变得越来越长了。 Our country is beco ming more and more beautifu我们的国家变得越来越美了。 ⑥表示两种情况同时变化 The+比较级+主语+ V + …the+比较级+主语+ V + …（…越…越…） The more we get together, the happier we ' ll be.=lf we get together more, we ' ll be happ 我们聚得越多，我们就会越高兴。
八年级上册英语语法知识点总结（一）一般将来时 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。 be going to do（动词原形）结构：表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如：It is going to rain. will do结构表示将来的用法： 1. 表示预见 Do you think it will rain? You will feel better after a good rest. 2. 表示意图 I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow? 基本构成如下： 一般疑问句构成： （1）will+主语+do…? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday? （2）there be 结构的一般疑问句：Will there + be …? Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won’t
否定句构成：will + not （won’t）+do Sarah won’t come to visit me next Sunday. 特殊疑问句构成： 特殊疑问词＋will＋主语＋…？What will Sarah do next Sunday? 练一练 根据例句，用will改写下列各句 例：I don’t feel well today. （be better tomorrow） I’ll be better tomorrow. 1. Gina has six classes today. （have a lot of homework tonight） _____________________________ 2. I’m tired now. （sleep later） _____________________________ 3. My parents need a new car. （buy one soon） _____________________________ 4. We can’t leave right now. （leave a little later） _____________________________ 5. The weather is awful today. （be better tomorrow） _____________________________ 答案：1. She’ll have a lot of homework tonight.
Unit 8 Natural disasters 知识精讲 一、必背词汇 disaster n. 灾难；不幸，祸患 mop vt. 用拖把擦干净 up adv. 完全地 earthquake n. 地震 accident n. 事故，意外的事 coach n. 长途汽车 crash vi. & vt. 猛撞；碰撞 flood n. 洪水，水灾 village n. 村庄，乡村 lightning n. 闪电 storm n. 风暴，暴（风）雨 thunder n. 雷，雷声 slight adj. 轻微的 shake vi. & vt. 摇动，震动 loud adj. 响亮的；大声的；喧闹的 bomb n. 炸弹 fear n. 害怕，恐惧
direction n. 方向 brick n. 砖，砖块 silent adj. 寂静的 nervous adj. 紧张不安的 heart n. 心脏 beat vi. & vt. （使）规律作响，作节奏运动trapped adj. 困住的 mind n. 头脑 calm vi. & vt. （使）平静，（使）镇定since conj. 由于，既然 still adv. 仍然 alive adj. 活着的 dark n. 黑暗 shout n. 呼喊，喊叫声 safe adj. 安全的 asleep adj. 睡着的 break vi. 损坏；打破 towel n. 毛巾，浴巾 rule n. 规则 railway n. 铁路
pancake n. 烙饼，薄饼burn n. 烧伤，烫伤，灼伤board n. 木板 headache n. 头痛toothache n. 牙痛countryside n. 乡下, 农村nearly adv. 几乎，将近clear vt. 清除，清理shaking n. 摇动，震动
八年级上册英语语法知识点总结 . Unit1：1.学习谈论过去发生的事情，复习一般过去时态。一般过去时表示过去某个时间或某个时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。 . 例如：Where did you go on vacation ?I went to New York. . 2学习掌握不定代词的用法:anyone something anything everything nothing no one 等等 . . . unit2: 1.讨论经常你经常做的事情，用how often 进行提问 .
例如：How often do you exercise? I exercise every day . . 2.学习掌握频度副词：always almost always usually often sometimes hardly ever seldom never . . . unit3: 1.学习形容词和副词的比较级规则，分为规则变化和不规则变化形容词和副词的比较级用法：表示两者(人和事物)的比较。 . . 规则变化：1.一般在此为加er . 2.以字母e结尾的词，在词尾加r .
3.重度闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写该辅音字母，再加er . 4.以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节词，先把y改I 再加er . 5.多音节和部分双音节词在词前加more . 不规则变化另外记忆。 . . . Unit4: 1.学习形容词和副词的最高级规则，分为规则变化和不规则变化。 . 形容词和副词的最级用法：表示三者或三者以上(人和事物)的比较，其中有一个在某一方面超过其他几个，后面用of /in 短语来说明比较的范围。 .
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 2d conversation: R: Hi, Helen. Long time no see. H: Hi,Rick. Yes, I was on vacation last month. R: Oh, did you go anywhere interesting? H: Yes, I went to Guizhou with my family. R: Wow! Did you see Huangguoshu Waterfall? H: Yes, I did. It was wonderful! We took quite a few photos there. What about you? Did you do anything special last month? R: Not really. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. 2b passage: I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.lt was sunny and hot,so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. My sister and l tried paragliding. l felt like l was a bird.lt was so exciting.Forlunch,we had something very special——Malaysian yellow noodles. They were delicious. In the afternoon,we rode bicycles to Georgetown. There are a lot of new buildings now,but many of the old buildings are still there. In weld quay, a really old place in Georgetown,we saw the houses of the Chinese traders from 100 years ago. l wonder what life was like here in the past.l really enjoyed walking around the town. What a difference a day makes!My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today.We wanted to walk up to the top,but then it started raining a little so we decided to take the train.We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people .When we got to the top ,it was raining really hard.We didn't have an umbrella so we were wet and cold.It was terrible!And because of the bad weather,we couldn't see anything below.My father didn't bring enough money,so we only had one bowl of rice and some fish.The food tasted great because I was so hungry! Unit 2 How often do you exercise? 2d conversation: A:Hi,Claire,are you free next week? B:Hmm… next week is quite full for me,Jack. A:Really?How come? B:I have dance and piano lessons. A:What kind of dance are you learning? B:Oh,swing dance.It’s fun!I have class once a week,every Monday. A:How often do you have piano lessons? B:Twice a week,on Wednesday and Friday. A:Well,how about Tuesday? B:Oh,I have to play tennis with my friends.But do you want to come? A:Sure.
人教新目标八年级英语上册第8单元语法练习 一、单项选择 ( )1．—There are many ________ about this farm. —Yes, lots of ________ are grown there. A.photo; potato B．photos; potatos C．photos; potatoes D．photoes; potatoes ( )2．—Remember to ________ the lights when you leave the room. —OK! I will. A．turn on B．turn off C．turn up D．turn down ( )3．Let's go to Disneyland in Shanghai in August, ________？ A．shall we B．will you C．won't you D．don't you ( )4．—Why did she shout just now? —The traffic was too noisy and she had to make herself ________ clearly. A．hear B．hearing C．heard D．to hear ( )5.—Would you like some yogurt? —. A.Yes,I would B.No,thanks C.Thank you D.It doesn’t matter. ( )6. —______ bread would you like? —Three pieces of ________. A.How many, breads B. How many, bread C. How much, breads D. How much, bread ( )7. Will you add ________ to the salad? A.many honeys B. much honeys C. more honey D. many more honey ( )8. Put some________and chicken________ on the sandwich. A.meat, piece B. meats, pieces C. meat, pieces D. meats, piece ( )9. ________ mix these things together. A. Not B. No C. Don’t D. You aren’t
人教版八年级上英语语法总结 八年级上册内容，形容词和副词的比较级和最高级，句子成分，类型，简单句的五种基本句型，宾语从句，各种时态包括一般现在时，现在进行时，一般过去时，一般将来时，情态动词和动词不定式等，具体内容如下： 一、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。 great (原级) greater(比较级) greatest(最高级) 2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。 wide (原级) wider (比较级) widest (最高级) 3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。 clever(原级) cleverer(比较级) cleverest(最高级) 4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-est 构成. happy (原形) happier (比较级) happiest (最高级) 5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est。 big (原级) bigger (比较级) biggest (最高级) 6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。 beautiful (原级)? difficult (原级) more beautiful (比较级) more difficult (比较级) most beautiful (最高级) most difficult (最高级) 形容词比较级的用法: 形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下: 主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。形容词最高级的用法: 形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为: 主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。 二、句子成分 1、主语主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般由名词，代词，数词，不定式
Unit 8 语法篇 名词： 1、英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类： （1）、专有名词是个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称。专有名词中实词的第一个字母要大写。 如：Beijing, Tom, the People’s Republic of China(中华人民共和国) 专有名词如果是含有普通名词的短语,则必须使用定冠词the。如：the Great Wall(长城) 姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义),如：the Greens( 格林一家人)。（2）、普通名词是许多人或事物的共有名称。如：pupil, family, man, foot.普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。 ▲可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如： box, child, orange； ▲不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。如：water, news, oil, population, information . 2、英语可数名词的单复数：英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。 1、名词由单数变复数的基本方法如下： ①在单数名词词尾加s。如：map → maps,boy→ boys,horse→ horses, table→ tables. ②s,o,x ,sh,ch结尾的词加es.如：class→classes, box→boxes, hero→heroes, dish→dishes, bench→benches. [注]：少数以o结尾的词,变复数时只加s。如：photo→photos, piano→pianos. 有生命加-es, 没生命加-s ③以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i,再加es。如：family→families, city→cities, party →parties. ④以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,再加es。如：shelf→shelves, wolf→wolves, life→lives, knife→knives. 妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌，躲在架下保己命，半片树叶遮目光。 2、不规则变化：man→men, woman→women, sheep→sheep,tooth→teeth, fish→fish, child→children, ox→oxen, goose→geese 不可数名词一般没有复数形式,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。 如：a bag of rice→two bags of rice, a piece of paper→three pieces of paper, a bottle of milk→five bottles of milk. 3、名词所有格： 名词所有格表示所属关系,相当于物主代词,在句中作定语、宾语或主语。其构成法如下： (1)表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加’s。如：Childern’s Day(儿童节), my sister’
Unit 1 How often do you exercise? Grammar: 特殊疑问句：wh-questions: what, who, where, when, which, whose, why, whom等。 特殊疑问句的构成及用法： 结构：特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句，即：特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语（+其他） 疑问代词： 1) Who:谁。做主语，用来指人Who is the boy under the tree? 2）Whom 谁，做宾语，用来指人Whom are you writing to? 3) Whose 谁的，用来指所属关系，如果做定语，一般后接名词Whose pen is this? 4) Which 哪个，哪些，用来指对人或物在一定范围之内进行选择Which grils will in the sports meeting? Which pen is Lily’s? 5)What什么，通常指物，也可指人，一般用在没有指出范围的情况下What can you see in the picture? What are you doing now? 疑问副词： When:何时，询问时间When will she come back? Where何地，询问地点，Where do you come from? Why为什么，询问原因，Why are you late for school? How 如何，询问手段、方式、工具以及程度等How do you usually go to school? How old多大，询问年龄，How old is Jim’s little brother? How many/much多少，询问数量How many birds are there in the tree? How far多远，询问距离，How far is it form your home to school? How long多长，多久，询问时间的长度或距离How long will you stay in Beijing? How often多长时间按一次，询问频率How often do you go to see your grandparents? How soon多久，询问时间How soon will you come back? 频率副词：表示动作发生的频率，never, sometimes, often, usually, always. Unit 2 What’s the matter with you? Grammar: 1. 用have 来描述身体不适have/have got a +疾病名字；得了……病
Unit1 how often 多久一次 exercise v.& n.锻炼skateboard v.踩滑板 hardly adv.几乎不 ever adv.曾，曾经 once adv.一次 twice adv.两次 time n.次，次数 surf v.在…冲浪 Internet n.网络 program n.节目，表演 high school 高中，完全中学result n.结果 active adj.活跃的，积极的 for prep.对于，在…方面 as for 至于,关于 about adv.几乎，大约 junk n.废弃的旧物 junk food 垃圾食品 milk n.牛奶 coffee n.咖啡 chip n.（食物等的）薄片 cola n.可乐 chocolate n.巧克力 drink v.喝，饮 health n.健康，健康状况 how many 多少 interviewer n.采访者 habit n.习惯 try v.试图，设法，努力 of course 当然 look after 照顾，照看lifestyle n.生活方式 grade n.分数，成绩 better adj.& adv.更好的（地）same adj.同样的，相同的 as prep.像…一样 different adj.不同的，有区别的difference n.不同，差异，区别unhealthy adj.不健康的maybe adv.或许，大概
although conj.虽然，即使for prep.达，计 grandpa n.外公，爷爷 a lot of 大量，许多 keep v.保持 must modal v.必须 less adj.更小的，较少的Unit2 中文 matter n.事情，问题 have v.得（病），患（病）cold n.受凉，感冒 have a cold 得了感冒stomachache n.胃痛 sore adj.疼痛的 back n.背，背部 arm n.臂，胳膊 ear n.耳朵 eye n.眼睛 foot n.脚，足 hand n.手 head n.头，头部 leg n.腿，腿部 mouth n.嘴 neck n.脖子，颈部 nose n.鼻子 stomach n.胃 tooth n.牙齿 throat n.喉咙 toothache n.牙痛 fever n.发烧，发热 rest v.休息 honey n.蜂蜜 dentist n.牙医 should modal v.应该headache n.头痛 shouldn't=should not ago adv.以前 so pron.如此，这样 illness n.疾病 advice n.劝告 thirsty adj.渴的 stress v.加压力于，使紧张