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2020年12月英语四级真题及答案：仔细阅读

Everybody sleeps—so goes theSesame Street song meant for obstinately awakechildren. That may be true, but what people stay up late tocatch—or wake up early in order not to miss—varies byculture.

Around the world, people changed sleep patterns thanks to the startor end of daylight savings time. Russians, for example, began towake up about a half-hour later each day after President VladimirPutin shifted the country permanently to “winter time”star ting on October 26.

Russia’s other latenights and early mornings generally coincided with public holidays.One such spike was on New Year’s Eve, which Russians tend to ringin with unusual fervor, as well as on World War II Victory Day.According to another Jawbonefinding,Russians have the world's latest bedtime on December 31, hittingthe hay at around 3：30 a.m.

Russians also got upan hour later on International Women’s Day, the day for coddlingand celebrating female relatives.

Similarly, Americans’late nights, late mornings, and longest sleeps coincided withthree-day weekends.

Canada got the leastsleep of the year the night it beat Sweden in the Olympic hockeyfinal.

The World Cup wasalso a major sleep-deprivation culprit. The worst night for sleepin the U.K. was the night of the England-Italy match on June 14.Brits stayed up a half-hour later to watch it, and then they wokeup earlier than usual

the next morning thanks to summer nights, thephenomenon in which the sun barely sets in northern countries inthe summertime. That was nothing, though, compared to

Germans,Italians, and the French, who stayed up around an

hour and a halflater on various days throughout the summer to watch theCup.

It should be made clear that not everyone has a device to record their sleep patterns; in some of these nations, it’s likely that only the richest people do. And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person. Even if that’s the case, though, the above findings are still striking. If the most healthconscious among us have such deep swings in our shuteye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing?

参考答案及解析

61题，定位到第一段最后一句“varies byculture”，所以答案选A——They areculture-related.

62题，由题干的大写名词Russian定位到第二段和第三段。第二段的“Russian, for example, began towake up about a half-hour later each day”这个句是干扰句，起得晚不一定睡得早，所以答案

推不出“他们比其他地方的人睡得更久”。然后看到第三段“Russia’sother late nights and early mornings generally coincided withpublic holidays”，所以答案为C——They don’t sleep much onholidays。

63题，题干问的是欧洲人缺乏睡眠的major cause主要原因是什么，由题干的大写名词Europeans’loss定位到倒数第二段的“comparedto Germans, Italians, and the French, who stayed up around an hourand a half later on various days throughout the

summer to watch theCup”，原文的Germans, Italians, and theFrench就是题干中“Europeans”的同义改写，而他们stayed up 就是为了to watch theCup，所以说他们缺乏睡眠的原因便是C选项——The World Cup。

64题，问的是富有的人使用设备来记录他们的睡眠模式的原因。由rich people以及device定位到最后一段第一句，定位句只说到了记录的事实，而非其原因。按照四级阅读金三句原则看到定位句的下一句“And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than t he average person”，记录睡眠的人是想要得到比普通人更多的睡眠，所以答案是B——Theywant to get sufficient sleep.

65题，问的是作者在最后一段所表达的观点，定位到最后一句If the most healthconscious among us have such deep swings in our shuteye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing? 作者提到了health-conscious，人们对健康的意识是缺乏的，对健康是视而不见的，所以答案选B——Fewpeople really know the importance of sleep.