专题二名词和主谓一致
□名词的数□名词的格□主谓意义一致□主谓语法一致□主谓就近一致
一、基础型易错训练
（一）单句语法填空
1、I love and respect you. You are always patient,with a quiet (determine).
2、The manager refused to accept any of the three (sugggest).
3、He devotes his time to the (acquire) of knowledge.
4、When asked how he came up with the excellent idea,he said one of his childhood experiences was the original (inspire) to begin his story.
5、All guests but one (be) in the hall just now.
6、A library with five thousand books (be)offered to the nation as a gift ten years ago.
7、She as well as the other girls （be）going to another supermarket.
8、Neither the students nor the teacher (know) anything about it at present.
9、Our school along with many other brother schools (be) to take another joint test next month.
10、“It is not only you but also Tom who (blame),”said the teacher after knowing what had happened.
（二）单句改错
11、Two fifths of the land in that district are covered with trees and grass.
12、There are many cattles and cows on his father`s farm.
13、First we can go to Qingdao,where it is cool and mild,and have funs at the seaside.
14、Many a new measure have been put forward to reduce air peluution so far.
15、Our class is divided into six groups,and interestingly,our group is all of same age.
16、Five minutes are enough to do this exercise.
17、The singer and dancer are to attend our evening party.
18、This year an increased number of drivers has been punished for over-speeding.
19、The most impressive sight in China, one of the winders of the world,are the Great Wall.
20、When tea got popular in Britain,there was a crying need for good cup with handles to suit British habits.
二、提升型易错训练
（一）单句语法填空
21、With great effort he pulled himself and the boy (safe).
22、The important (distinct）is not between manufacturing and services,but between productive and unproductive jobs.
23、Around one-third of annual lung disease deaths worldwide (be) due to waste from coal stoves.
24、More than one white rose (be) planted in his yard when you were young.
25、No one except his own supporters (agree) with him at present.
26、He is the only one of the children who (speak) ill of others behind their backs.
27、The number of people in the party (be) fifty,but a number of them (be) absent for different reasons.
28、It is reported that many a new house (build) at present in the disaster area.
29、There (be) a table, four chairs,three bikes in the courtyard, in the middle of which
(be) two tall trees with great shade.
30.The city government is planning to build a new factory to deal with rubbish,but when and where to start haven`t been decided.
（二）单句改错
31、I have habit of taking a coffee,which make me feel energetic when I have to stay up late.
32、Last week, my mother and I went to a shoes shop to buy a pair of new shoes for me.
33、Either you or one of your students are to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
34、Quantites of milk is poured into the field.
35、What I liked best were the free high-speed Internet connection in the room.
36、There are two girls from my course here and I plan to make friend with them.
37、I survey shows that three hours of outdoor exercise a week are good for one`s health.
38、I saw him lying in bed ,looking at some of the picture we had taken together.
39、We each have strong points and each of us on the other hand have weak points.
40、Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky they looked like rain!
三、真题型易错训练
（一）单句语法填空
41、The village is far away from here indeed. It`s a (four hour) walk .
42、--How about the Christmas evening party?
--I should say it was a (succeed).
43、China has got a good (reput) for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization.
44、The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials,the rest of which (be) saved for other purposes.
45、--Why does the lake smell terrible?
--Because large quantities of water (pollute).
46、Dr.Smith, together with his wife and daughters, (be )going to visit Beijing this summer.
47、At present,one of the arguments in favor of the new airport (be) that it will bring a lot of jobs to the area.
48、Your (perform) as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.
49、Listening to loud music at rock concerts (have) caused hearing loss in some teenagers.
50、Neither Mary and I nor Jane (be) tired of having one examination after another.
（二）单句改错
51、The university estmates that living expenses for international students is around $8,450 a year,which is a burden for some of them.
52、All the scientific evidence shows that increasing use of chemicals in farming are damaging our health.
53、It took us a long time to get to the amusement park. It was a three-hours journey.
54、The teacher together with the students are discussing Reading Skills that was newly published in America.
55、For example, we can do reading for one and a half hour every day.
56、It felt very strange to travel without any luggages.
57、From the time I was about six, I destroyed each of my toy.
58、The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby.
59、Now my friend Ann, together with me, are going to do field study and the findings will be used as materials for our reseach.
60、Finally, there were a sudden pull at the people and a fish was caught.
2018年试题 1.【2018·天津】 6. The__________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space. A. advice B. order C. possibility D. invitation 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是 激励科学家们去探索外部空间。 A. advice建议；B. order命令；C. possibility可能性； D. invitation邀请。故选C。 【解题指导】本题考查名词辨析。名词和动词及短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点。本题 语法上是一个同位语从句，从句that there is life on other planets in the universe 是来解释说明前面所选择的名词。根据常识可以判断，宇宙中其它星球上存在生命只是一种 可能性，目前无法证明，从而选出正确答案。 2.【2018·江苏】32. Try to understand what’ｓactually happening instead of acting on the _______ you’ve made. A. assignment B. association C. acquisition D. assumption 【答案】D 【解题指导】本题考查名词辨析。名词考查是高考重点考查的知识点。本题抓住句中的关键 词actually happening实际发生和instead of而不是，可知是假设，从而选出正确答案。 2017年试题 【2017·江苏】24.The publication of Great Expectations, which _______ both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】C
名词与主谓一致 集团文件版本号：（M928-T898-M248-WU2669-I2896-DQ586-M1988）
专题七名词与主谓一致一、考情分析 近年来对名词的考查主要集中在名词词义辨析及并列主语的主谓一致上，其次是名词所有格、抽象名词和物质名词的具体化以及不定数量的词或词组与名词的搭配关系上。 考查考生在理解题干内容的基础上对词汇或语法知识的掌握情况，加重对语境理解及语言知识相融合的考查。 二、名词的数 英语中大多数可数名词都可以通过加-s或–es的方法变为复数名词。不可数名词（抽象或物质）没有复数形式，专有名词一般只有单数形式，只有少数专有名词才有复数形式。 （一）规则变化 （二）一些特殊情况 1. 合成名词变为复数时，通常把主体名词变为复数，如果没有主体名词，将最后一部分变为复数。如： Sons-in-law, passers-by, story-tellers,housewives等
2. family, team, class, group, government, crowd, audience等作主语时，如果作为整体看待，谓语动词用单数，如果看成成员，谓语动词用复数。 某些集体名词，如people, polic, youth, cattle等及clothes, trousers, shoes, glasses 作主语时，谓语用复数。若这类名词与a pair of 等词连用时，谓语动词往往用单数。 3. 单、复数同形的名词如means（方法）作主语时，应根据意义决定谓语动词的单复数。 4. 有些名词呈现了复数形式，如news,manners, politics, physics 等但并不表示复数概念。 5. 有些名词总是在使用时用其复数形式，如thanks, regards, congratulations, goods, works, tears, instructions, directions, respects 等。 6. 有些短语要求用名词复数形式. 如 make friends with shake hands with take pains to do sth. make both ends meet … （三）名词与表示数量的词或短语的搭配
名词与主谓一致 1. Where and when to go for the on-salary holiday _____ yet. a. are not decided b. have not been decided c. is not being decided d. has not been decided 2. Mary is the only one of the girls who _____ by the headmaster at the meeting. a. uis praised b. are praised c. was praised d. were praised 3. Mary is one of the girls who _____ by the headmaster at the meeting. a. uis praised b. are praised c. was praised d. were praised 4. All life on our planet _____, in one way or another, upon the sun. a. depend b. depending c. depends d. depended 5. Whisky and soda _____ always my favorite drink. a. is b. was c. are d. were 6. Kate as well as her sisters _____ interest in studing Chinese. a. are b. take c. takes d. is 7. More than one graduate _____ sent to the hardest place since 1979. a. is b. are c. has been d. have been 8. The secretary of the Party branch and director of the factory often _____ with the workers. a. works b. work c. is working d. are working 9. His family _____ always quarrelling among _____. a. is; itself b. are; themselves c. is; themselves d. are; itself 10. Some folk _____ never _____ with the present situation. a. is; satisfying b. are; satisfied c. are; satisfying d. is; satisfied 11. Each of the students in our class _____ great interest in English and they each _____ a copy of A New English-Chinese Dictionary. a. shows; have b. have; has c. is; have d. takes; has 12. ---- _____ ypur clothes? ---- No, mine _____ hanging over there. a. Is it; is b. Are these; are c. Is it; are d. Are these; is 13. Either you or the headmaster _____ which student will go to attend that meeting. a. is not decided b. are to decided c. are deciding d. is to decided 14. All but one _____ here just now. a. is b. was c. has been d. were 15. Light and heat _____ often sent out together with heavy smoke. a. is b. was c. are d. being 16. No chair and no desk _____ permitted to be taken away from the reading room. a. are b. were c. is d. be 17. Strangely enough, a pair of new trousers _____ among the rubbish. a. were found b. was found c. found d. had found 18. Large quantities of fruit _____ all over the world from China today. a. is shipped b. are shipped c. has shopped d. have shipped 19. It _____ William and Carol who helped me the other day. a. has been b. are c. was d. were 20. Growing around the lake _____ wold flowers of different colors. a. is b. are c. has d. have
集合名词的主谓一致 篇一：集合名词做主语的主谓一致问题 集合名词做主语的主谓一致问题 1. 通常用作复数的集合名词 police(警察)，people(人)，cattle(牛，牲口)等集合名词，总是表示复数意义，用作主语时，其谓语要用复数： The police were after him. 警察正在追捕他。 People are beginning to talk about her. 人们开始议论她。 Cattle feed on grass. 牛吃草。 注goods(货物), clothes(衣服)只有复数形式，且只表示复数意义： Such clothes are very cheap. 那样的衣服很便宜。 All the goods have been sent to them. 所有的货物都给他们送去了。 2. 只用作单数的不可数集合名词 clothing(衣服)，poetry(诗歌)，baggage / luggage(行李)，furniture(家具)，machinery(机械)，scenery(景色)，jewellery(珠宝)，equipment(设备)等集合名词通常只用作不可数名词，表示单数意义，用作主语时，其后谓语动词用单数形式： Our clothing protects us from against the cold. 我们的衣服可以御寒。
All their baggage was stolen. 他们所有的行李都被偷了。 The furniture is convenient to move. 这家具搬起来很方便。 All the machinery in the factory is made in China. 这个工厂所有的机器都是中国产的。 3. 既可表示单数意义也可表示复数意义的集合名词 family(家庭)，team(队，队员)，class(班，班上的全体学生)，crowd(人群)，government(政府)，crew(乘务员)，committee(委员会)，audience(听众)，public(公众)等集合名词，当它们表示整体意义时，表单数意义，当它们强调个体意义时，表示复数意义：Her family is a large one. 她的家庭是一个大家庭。 Her family are all tall. 她的一家人都很高。 The team is the best in the league. 这个队在联赛中打得最好。 The football team are having baths. 足球队队员们在洗澡。 It was late, but the audience was increasing. 时间很迟了，但听众人数却在增加。 The audience were all moved to tears. 听众都感动得流了泪。 注有时没有特定的语境，用单复数谓语均可以： The audience was (were) very excited by the show. 观众对演出甚感激动。 The public has (have) a right to know what’s in the report. 公众有权知道这篇报告的内容。
英语主谓一致 一般说来，谓语必须与主语在人称和数上保持一致，即主谓一致。主谓一致涉及三个方面：语法上一致，意义上一致，就近一致。 一、语法上一致 1 不可数名词、动名词、不定式、从句等做主语时，谓语通常用单数。 Much milk is offered to him. Reading aloud is very important in learning English. To nod one’s head means agreement.What they said is true. 2 and连接主语时，注意以下几点： 1）由and, both…and 连接两个单数名词谓语用复数，但当and连接的两个名词指同一个人，同一物，同一事，同一概念时谓语用单数。 Both bread and butter were served for breakfast in this hotel. The teacher and writer is going to give us a talk. 2) 凡是由each…and each…,every…and every… ,no…and no…, many a… and many a…连接名词作主语时谓语用单数。 Each man and each woman has a chance to be raised in our company. No boy and no girl doesn’t go to school at the age of seven in this village. 3) 由and 连接的前置并列修饰语+不可数名词做主语时，谓语用复数。 Good and bad meat in the market are sold out. 4) 不可数名词+并列修饰语作主语时，谓语用单数。 Beer from the USA and Germany is much better that from Britain. 5) 凡由and连接两个带the(a或物主代词)的单数可数名词，谓语用复数，如果只有前一个名词带the(a 或物主代词)则谓语用单数。 The professor and the writer have published a few new books on radio. The tenth and last chapter is written by a young man. 6)由and 连接的第二个名词短语表示否定或带有状语时，谓语的单复数与第一个名词一致。 The teacher, and perhaps his students too, is likely to be present. 7)What 从句的并列式作主语时，并列完整式常用复数，缩略式常用单数。 What he says and what he thinks have nothing to do with me. What I say and do is my own affair. 8) 由and 连接的两个疑问代词、不定式、动名词作主语时，根据意义一致的原则确定单复数。 When and where to build the new factory ________yet.(MET1991) A is not decided B are not decided C has not decided D have not decided 3 主语+介词（短语）：with, except, as well as, no less than, rather than, more than, over, besides, together with, like, including, in addition to等连接的名词时，谓语以介词（短语）前的主语为准，不受介词后的名词影响。 The man with hs daughters and sons is watching TV. The girls as well as the teacher are dancing. 考例：1）E-mail, as well as telephones,______ an important role in our daily life(1999上海) A playing B play C plays D have played 2) A library with five thousand books_______ to the nation as a gift.(MET 1990) A is offered B has offered C are offered D have offered 4 不定代词either, each, one, another, anyone, anybody , no one, nobody, some one, somebody, anything, nothing, something, everything, everyone, everybody, neither等作主语时，谓语用单数，none做主语时，谓语单复数均可。There is nothing wrong with the machine. Either of the shirts fits me very well. None of the farmers has (have)been abroad. 5 many a (an) +名词和more than one +名词做主语时谓语用单数。 Many an apple is in the basket. More than one stamp has been collected by her.
高中英语：名词、主谓一致和冠词语法知识点总结 易错点1 望词生义 同义词、近义词甚至是形近词有着不同的含义和适用场合，要特别注意在特定语境中准确运用词汇和语法知识的能力。平时要努力扩大词汇量，做题时要深入理解语境，整体把握，结合句意作出最佳选择。 名词词义辨析是高考的热点，主要考查考生结合语境区分词义的能力，因而在记忆单词时，一定要结合语境体会其意义。如近几年高考中常出现的： (1)expectation(期望)；reputation(声誉)；contribution(贡献)；civilization(文明) (2)accommodation(住宿)；occupation(职业)；adaptation(适应，改编)；appreciation(欣赏) 易错点2 主谓一致错误 1.如果主语有more than one很多非常，或many a许多，构成，one and a half与单数名词组成的短语。尽管从意义上看是复数内容，但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式。 2.each作主语或修饰主语时 1)单独用作主语(或修饰主语)，谓语用单数： Each student has his own desk. 每个学生都有自己的课桌。 Two boys entered. Each was carrying a suitcase. 两个男孩进来，每人提着一只箱子。【注意】 (1) 两个或多个＂each+单数名词＂结构并列作主语时，谓语用单数。 (2) ＂each of+复数名词或代词＂用作主语，谓语一般要用单数 Each of them was deeply frightened. 他们个个都惊恐万分。 但是在非正式文体中(尤其是当 each of之后的名词较长时)偶尔也可用复数谓语，但很少见，学生宜慎用。 2)each 用于复数名词后作同位语此时谓语动词用复数： They each have an English-Chinese dictionary. 他们每人都有一本英汉词典。 4. 有些名词的单数和复数形式一样，作主语的时候, 其谓语动词单复数由上下文决定(尤其注意其前的修饰语)，这一类名词有： means, works, deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese 等。 5. kind＂种类＂作主语 6. 在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。例如： Between the two windows hangs a picture. 7.＂分数或百分数+名词＂构成的短语以及由＂ a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, a heap of, heaps of, half of + 名词＂构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词要与短语中of 后面的名词的数保持一致，这是因为短语中后面的名词是中心词，而短语中前面的量词是修饰语。 8. 表时间长度、钱数、速度等的词组作主语，此时通常将其视为整体，谓语用单数。 易错点3 误用冠词 冠词的考查一直以来是一个易错点，虽然冠词只有3个(a , an, the) 但是麻雀虽小五脏俱全，考查起来往往会弄错。名词第一次出现或泛指时，冠词用a/an，，但名词的首字母是（A、E、I、O、U）发音时，用an, 如：apple, English, important, operation, unusual, 特殊的有umbrella, hour, honest用an, university, unique, usual 用 a。 名词第二次出现用the；①强调特指时用the；②the + 最高级，③ the + 形容词（rich 富人, poor穷人, wounded伤者, dead死者, elderly长者）表某一类人④the+比较级（the
（一）不可数名词 1以下几个以f 结尾的名词只加 s : roof-roofs （屋顶），belief-beliefs （信念）， proof-proofs （证明）。 注：还有不少名词复数形式是不规则变化的：如： Dutchme n 5）复合名词的复数形式因词而异，有下列四种变化，必须分别熟记。 a 、以可数名词结尾的复合名词，直接加 -s 。如： tooth-brushes , boy-frie nds , store-keepers , film-goers c 、以man 和woman 等为前缀的复合名词变复数形式时，则前后两部分都要变为复数形式。 女口： a woma n doctor-- three wome n doctors 注： a.有些名词的复数形式可以表示特别的意义。如： papers （报纸，文件），manners （礼貌），goods （货物），works （工厂），looks （外 表），glasses （眼镜），greens （青菜），hairs （（几根）头发），times （时代）， 名词和主谓一致 foot--feet tooth--teeth 2） 单、复数形式相同。如： a sheep-- two sheep 此外，还有 means, fish, works （ 制等单位的名词，如 yuan ， jiao child--childre n mouse--mice a deer-- three deer 工厂）,species （ 种类） ,fen , jin , mu 以及由汉语音译表示度量衡、币 goods （货物） glasses （眼镜） 谢） clothes （衣服） remains （遗物，遗 体） 录） trousers （裤子） gloves （手套） 裤） people dumpli ngs （饺 子） no odles police con gratulati ons （祝贺） （所有 物） compasses （圆规） thanks （感 ashes （灰） contents （目 scissor s （剪刀） jea ns （牛仔 doings savi ngs （行为） （储蓄） bel ongings 4）表示“某国人”的名词的单、复数形式因习惯不同而各异。 a 、 单复数形式相同： Chinese, Japanese, Vetnamese （ 越南人）,Swiss （ 瑞士人）,Portuguese （ b 、 力口 s 构成： America ns, Germa ns, Africa ns, Asia ns, Australia ns, Can adia ns, In dia ns, Belgians （比利时人）,Europeans （ 欧洲人）,Greeks, Swedes （ 瑞典人）,Arabs （ Hungarians （匈牙禾U 人）. c 、 改 man 为 men ： 葡萄牙人） 阿拉伯人）, an En glishma n-- four En glishme n a Fren chma n-- three Fren chme n
名词和主谓一致 （一）名词的数 名词分为不可数名词和可数名词两大类 1．不可数名词 不可数名词一般没有单复数之分，它包括专有名词，物质名词和抽象名词，例如：health，advice，glass，wood，English，America。 （2）表示学科名称的以-es结尾的名词常用作单数，例如：mathematics，physics。 （3）某些以-s结尾指单一事物的专有名词常用作单数，例如：the United States，the United Nations 2．可数名词 可数名词包括个体名词和集体名词，有单，复数形式，复数名词构成方法如下：（1）一般情况在名词后加-s，在清辅音（s，∫，t∫除外）后读[s]，在浊辅音后读[z]，在s，z，∫，t∫等辅音后读[iz]，例如：desks，days，classes。 （2）以-s，-x，-ch，-sh结尾的名词后加es，读作[iz]，例如： bus-buses watch-watches box-boxes brush-brushes 但是stomach-stomachs （3）以“辅音字母+o”结尾的名词后加-es，读作[z]，例如：hero-heroes tomato-tomatoes 但不少以-o结尾的外来词，变复数时只加-s，如：radio—radios，photo—photos，piano —pianos 有些以-o结尾的名词有两种复数形式，如：zero—zeros（zeroes），volcano—volcanos （volcanoes）火山 所以-oo结尾的名词只加-s，如： Bamboo-bamboos，zoo-zoos （4）“辅音+y”结尾的名词，把y改成i再加-es，读作[iz]，例如： Factory-factories，country-countries （5）以“元音+y”结尾的名词，或专有名词以y结尾的，直接在词尾加-es，读作[z]，例如： Boys，toys，Henrys等。 （6）以-f结尾的名词，一般把“f”或“fe”改成“v”再加-es，读作[vz]，例如： Leaf—leaves，life—lives 但是，roof—roofs，chief—chiefs，gulf—gulfs，serf—serfs等例外 （8）不规则变化 ①改变单数名词中的元音字母，或其他形式，例如： Foot—feet，child—children，mouse—mice] ②单，复数形式相同，例如： A sheep—two sheep，a deer—four deer 此外还有means，fish，works，以及由汉语音译表示度量衡，币制等单位的名词，yuan （圆），jiao（角），fen（分），jin（斤）等 ③只有复数形式，例如： Trousers glasses compasses thanks clothes remains ashes contents goods ④表示“某国人”名词的单，复数形式因习惯不同而各异，例如： A Chinese-two Chinese a Japanese-two Japanese 这类词包括所有以-ese或-ss结尾的民族名称，如Swiss，Portuguese等
名词做主语时的主谓一致原则 一、如果主语是不可数名词,动名词,不定式或从句的时候,谓语动词用单数. Smoking is not a good habit. To live happily needs a lot of things. What I said is true. 二、如果由and连接的两个做主语的单数名词指的是同一个人或物的时候,用单数动词. The singer and songwriter is dead. The science and technology plays an important part in China. Bread and butter(=buttered bread) is a good food for patients. “War and Peace” is the best book I have ever read. 如果由and连接的两个或更多的主语之前有each, every, many a/an, no的时候用单数名词. Every boy and girl in the class works very hard. Each minute and second is valuable to us.
三、主语是单数, 后面跟有with, along with, together with,besides, as well as, but, except, no less than,rather than, more than, like, including, in addition to 的时候, 谓语动词用单数. Jack with his family wants to go to China. He, as well as you, is very honest. No one but I is a student. Her brother, together with his wife and children, was killed in the accident. The father, rather than the brothers, is responsible. 四、由some, any, no, every构成的复合代词(sb,sth---)和each, either, neither, one, the other, another, little, a little, much, no one, nothing做主语的时候,谓语动词用单数. Each of you is cleverer than me. Neither student has passed the exam. Is anybody here? 五、both, few, a few, several, many以及others做主语的时候, 永远用复数动词. Several friends were invited to the party.
2012年高考英语真题单项选择分类集锦——名词和主谓一致 1 (2012全国卷II)19. The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great ___ in this city. A. quality B. progress C. production D. demand 2 (2012天津卷)3. You were working too hard. You’d better keep a ________between work and relaxation. A. promise B. lead C. balance D. diary 3 (2012江苏卷) 21. —Can I help you with it? — I appreciate your ________, but I can manage it myself. A. advice B. question C. offer D. idea 4 (2012湖北卷)29. It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any ________. A. symptom B. similarity C. sample D. shadow 5 (2012湖北卷)30. The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct ________ in applying for a visa. A. pattern B. procedure C. program D. perspective 6 (12湖南卷)35. All the scientific evidence___that increasing use of chemicals in farming___damaging our health. A. show；are B. shows；are C. show；is D. shows；is 7 (2012福建卷)25.— Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency? — Well, you know, English is my _____. So it is my best choice. A. strength B. talent C. ability D. skill 8 (2012陕西卷)12.The basketball coach, as well as his team, ______ interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance. A. were B. was C. is D. are 9 (2012山东卷)24. My first _______ of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man. A. expression B. attention C. satisfaction D. impression 10 (2012四川卷)15. He will come to understand your efforts sooner or later. It’s just a matter of ________. A. luck B. value C. time D. fact 11 (2012江西卷)29．You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future . A．purpose B．reference C．progress D．memory 12 (2012浙江卷)7.Your as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.
专四语法考点 名词与主谓一致（2） 七．主谓一致 主谓一致（subject-verb agreement）指主语与谓语“人称“和“数”方面的一致关系。一般情况下，主谓之间的一致关系有以下三个原则支配：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近原则。 1.不定式、动名词以及从句作主语时应视为单数，谓语动词用单数形式；但如果主语为and 连接的连个不定式、动名词以及从句时，谓语用复数形式。 Reading often means learning.阅读经常意味着学习。 To read English aloud every morning does you a lot of good.每天早晨朗读英语有许多好处。 Having enough sleep and doing regular exercises are beneficial to your health.睡眠充足和经常运动有益身心。 2.挡住育有安定链接，表示同一个人、统一无、同一事或者同一概念时，谓语动词用单数， 此时and连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。 The composer and singer was well received by audience.那个作家兼歌星受到了听众的认可。 3.由and连接的两个或更多的主语之前有each，every，many，a（n），no时，谓语动词 用单数。 No teacher and (no)student was here.没有一个老师和学生在这里。 4.each，every，each and every，either，neither，one，another，little，a little和much作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词永远是单数。 Each of us has a tape-recorder.我们每个人都有一台录音机 注意：“复数主语+each”之后用复数动词。 Five each of these items are required.这些项目中有五项都是必须的。 5.everyone，everybody，everything，anyone，anybody，anything，someone，somebody， something，no one，nobody，nothing作主语时，谓语用单数。 There is something wrong with my watch.我的表有问题。 6.none，some，any，more，most，all等代词作主语时，动词的单复数由其代词的单复 数决定。 All is right.所有的都对了。 All are present.全部都到齐了 7.“all，none，most，majority，part，enough，some，one half，the rest，the remainder， a position等+of…”短语，或者more than…作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式通常由所 修饰的名词、代词的数决定。 When enough of the tree is chopped away ,the tree falls.如果一棵树砍去多的部分，树就会倒下。 Enough of the data have been collected.已经收集了足够多的数据。（data为datum的复数形式） More than one person is going to lose his job.不止一个人会失去工作。 More than 500 people are going to lose their jobs.500人会失去工作。 8.当中心词为度量、距离、时间、价格等复数名词的时候，谓语动词用单数形式。 Two miles is a short distance.两英里路很近。 9.一般来说，不可数名词及可数名词单数的谓语动词用单数，可数名词复数的谓语用动 词复数，但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。
一、如果主语是不可数名词, 动名词, 不定式或从句的时候, 谓语动词用单数. Smoking is not a good habit. To live happily needs a lot of things. What I said is true. 二、如果由and 连接的两个做主语的单数名词指的是同一个人或物的时候, 用单数动词. The singer and songwriter is dead. The science and technology plays an important part in China. Bread and butter(=buttered bread) is a good food for patients. “War and Peace ” is the best book I have ever read. 如果由and 连接的两个或更多的主语之前有each, every, manya /an, no 的时候用单数名词. Every boy and girl in the class works very hard. Each minute and second is valuable to us.
三、主语是单数, 后面跟有with, along with, together with,besides, as well as, but, except, no less than,rather than, more than, like, including, in addition to 的时候, 谓语动词用单数. Jack with his family wants to go to China. He, as well as you, is very honest. No one but I is a student. Her brother, together with his wife and children, was killed in the accident. The father, rather than the brothers, is responsible. 四、由some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词(sb,sth---) 和each, either, neither, one, the other, another, little, a little, much, no one, nothing 做主语的时候, 谓语动词用单数. Each of you is cleverer than me. Neither student has passed the exam. Is anybody here 五、b oth, few, a few, several, many 的以及others 做主语