1.The key lies in the fact that the units of meaning,words can be _____ together in different ways, according to rules, to communicate different meaning.
A.stuck
B.strung
C.rung
D.consisted
2.Brain imaging studies suggest that the time from thoughts to the _____ of speech is extremely fast.
A.growing
B.fixing
C.beginning
D.building
3.An earthquake hit Kashmir on Oct. 8, 2005.It took some 75,000 lives, _____ 130,000 and left nearly 3.5 million people without food, jobs or homes.
A.injured
B.ruined
C.destroyed
D.damaged
4.For most of the refugee s, the thought of going back brings _____ emotion.
A.puzzled
B.contrasted
C.doubled
D.mixed
5.A word processor is much better than a typewriter in that it enables you to enter and _____ you text more easily.
A.register
B.edit
C.propose
D.discharge
6.We don't know why so many people in that region like to wear dresses of such _____ colors
A.low
B.humble
https://www.doczj.com/doc/9016745143.html,d
D.dull
7.He sees a _____ toward "de-urbanization" across the nation.
A.trend
B.style
C.direction
D.path
8.People need opportunities to make a “midlife review”to _____ to the later stage of employed life.
A.transform
B.yield
C.adjust
D.suit
9.And there should be more money _____ to support people in establishing a sense of identity.
A.reliable
B.considerable
C.available
D.feasible
10.Now in Britain, wines take up four times as much _____ in the storehouse as both beer and spirits.
A.block
https://www.doczj.com/doc/9016745143.html,nd
C.patch
D. space
11.His hand shook a little as he _____ the key in the lock.
A.squeezed
B.inserted
C.stuffed
D.pierced
12.For professional athletes, _____ to the Olympics means that they have a enter the history books.
A.access
B.attachment
C.appeal
D.approach
13.Politically these nations tend to be _____ ,with very high birthrates but poor education and very low levels of literacy.
A.unstable
B.reluctant
C.rational
D.unsteady
14.There is a fully _____ health center on the ground floor of the main office building.
A.installed
B.equipped
C.provided
D.projected
15.For more than 20 years, we’ve been supporting educational programs that _____ from kindergartens to colleges.
A.move
B.shift
C.range
D.spread
16.The _____ at the military academy is so rigid that students can hardly bear it.
A.convention
B.confinement
C.principle
D.discipline
17.I was so _____ in today’ s history lesson. I didn’t understand a thing.
A.amazed
B.neglected
C.confused
D.amused
18.After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well as boys _____ to go to school.
A.to be encouraged
B.been couraged
C.being encouraged
D.been encouraged
19.When I caught him _____ me, I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop.
A.cheating
B.cheat
C.to cheat
D.ti be cheating
20.If you want _____ ,you have to get the fund somewhere.
A.that the job is done
B.the job done
C.to have the job done
D.the job that is done
21.Silver is the best conductor of electricity,copper _____ it closely
A.followed
B.following
C.to follow
D.being followed
22.Arriving at the bus stop. _____ waiting there.
A.a lot of people were
B.he found a lot of people
C.a lot of people
D.people were found
23._____ regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work at first.
A.Not received
B.Since receiving
C.Having received
D.Not having received
24.The country’s chief exports are coal, cars _____ the most improtant of these.
A.have been
B.are
C.being
D.are being
25.He noticed the helicopter over the field,Then ti his astonishment, he saw a ropr ladder _____ out and three men climbing down it.
A.throwing
B.being thrown
C.having thrown
D.having being thrown
26.It is no use _____ remember only grammatical rules. You needto practice what you have learned
A.trying to
B.try to
C.to try to
D.tried to
27._____ time, he’ ll make a first-class tennis player.
A.Having
B.Given
C.Giving
D.Had
28.He wasn’t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, _____ insufficiently popular with all members.
A.having considered
B.was considered
C.was being considered
D.being considered
29._____ no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his room.
A.There was
B.Since
C.Being
D.There being
30._____ , he can now only watch it on TV at home.
A.Obtaining not a ticket for the match
B.Not obtaining a ticket for the match
C.Not having obtained a ticket for the match
D.Not obtained a ticket for the match
31._____ enough time and money, the researchers would have been able to discover more in this field.
A.Giving
B.To give
C.Given
D.Being given
32.The officials discussed the plan that they would like to see _____ the next month.
A.carry out
B.carrying out
C.to carry out
D.carried out
33.What worried the boy most was _____ to visit his father in the hospital.
A.his not allowing
B.his not being allowed
C.having not been allowed
D.his being not allowed
34.China became the 143rd member of the World Trade Organization in 2001, thus _____ its wish to join the global trade body.
A.having realized
B.realized
C.realizing
D.to realize
35.As a result of my laziness, I failed _____ my work in time.
A.and finished
B.to finish
C.and finishing
D.finished
36.There are only ten apples left in the baskets, _____ the spoilt ones.
A.not counting
B.not to count
C.don’t count
D.having not counted
37._____ at in this way, the situation doesn’t seem so desperate.
A.Looking
B.Looked
C.Being looked
D.To look
38.She has no pencil _____.
A.to write about
B.to write with
C.write
D.to write in
39.The girl walked quietly into the room _____ awake her roommate.
A.so as to
B.in order not to
C.in order to
D.for not to
40.He prides himself on _____ at chess.
A.having never beaten
B.having been never beaten
C.having never been beaten
D.never have been beaten
41.The decision _____, what is to be done now is how to carry it out.
A.been made
B.has been made
C.having been made
D.having been making
42.Electrical resistance is a common property of all materials, _____ .
A.only differs in degree
B.only in degree it differs
C.differing only in degree
D.and differing in degree only
43.She said little so far, responding only briefly when _____ .
A.speaking
B.spoken to
C.spoken
D.speaking to
44.His remarks left me _____ about his real purpose.
A.wondered
B.to wonder
C.wonder
D.wondering
45.Alice ran back to the kitchen, _____ carefully in her hands.
A.eggs to be held
B.holding the eggs
C.eggs were held
D.held the eggs
46.The speaker, _____ for her splendid speeches, was warmly received by the audience.
A.having known
B.being known
C.knowing
D.known
47._____ after a long walk, Harry called and said he couldn’t come.
A.Having worn out
B.Be worn out
C.To worn out
D.Worn out
48.I have heard both teachers ad students _____ well of him.
A.to speak
B.to have spoken
C.spoken
D.speak
49.It _____ now pretty late, the party bioke up and we all went home.
A.is
B.being
C.having been
D.been
50.The dishwasher needs _____ before it can be used.
A.repairing
B.to repair
C.being repaired
D.to be repairing
51.The government was warned _____ indulge in too much borrowing this financial year.
A.do not
B.never
C.to not
D.not to
52.Some people can’t bear _____ any opinions contrary to theirs.
A.hear
B.to hear
C.to be heard
D.to be hearing
53.Some things are known _____ when they unite the oxygen of the air.
A.burning
B.burn
C.to burn
D.being burned
54.When a machine is _____ , suitable materials must be chosen for its parts.
A.build
B.to build
C.to be built
D.building
55.His mother was, _____, his first teacher , who taught him spelling when he was four.
A.so speaking
B.so to speak
C.so as to speak
D.likely to speak
56.He has no alternative but _____ to see him.
A.go
B.went
C.going
D.to go
57.He is far too wise a man not _____ that.
A.seeing
B.being seen
C.see
D.to see
58.There is no point _____ the piano unless you practice every day.
A.to learn to play
B.by learning to play
C.learning to play
D.having learned to play
59.She did not regret _____ in the military for so long, which had modeled her forceful personality.
A.to live
B.living
C.to living
D.had lived
60.Those boys were caught _____ flowers in the garden again.
A.to steal
B.have stolen
C.stealing
D.to have stolen
61.She was wrong about there _____ some misunderstanding between us.
A.be
B.being
C.been
D.is
62.When _____ why he walked in without permission, he just tared at us and said nothing.
A.been asked
B.asked
C.asking
D.to be asked
63._____ the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldn’t go on with the experiment
A.Since
B.For
C.As
D.With
64.The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience_____ on benches, chairs and boxes.
A.having seated
B.seating
C.seated
D.havng been seated
65.Michael used to look hurt and surprised when _____.
A.scolding
B.to scold
C.having scolded
D.scolded
66.As early as 1647 Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be established in every town _____ 50 households or more.
A.having
B.to have
C.to have had
D.having had
67.If I correct someone, I will do it with as much good humor and self-restraint as if I were the one ______ .
A.to correct
B.correcting
C.having corrected
D.being corrected
68.Homework _____ on time will lead to better grades.
A.done
B.be done
C.having done
D.to have been done
69._____ the earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge of the earth.
A.Having believed
B.Believing
C.Believed
D.Being believed
70.I would appreciate _____ it a secret.
A.you to keep
B.your keeping
C.that you keep
D.that you would keep
71.These people once had fame and fortune;now _____ is left to them is utter poverty.
A.all what
B.all which
C.that all
D.all that
72.They lost their way in forest, and _____ made matters worse was that night began to fall.
A.that
B.what
C.it
D.which
73._____ comes to this city will be fascinated with its splendid history.
A.Who
B.One
C.Whoever
D.Whom
74.Before you buy an expensive item, or a service, do check the price and _____ is on offer.
A.what
B.which
C.that
D.this
75.They always give the vacant seats to _____ comes first.
A.whoever
B.whomever
C.who
D.whom
76.It caused them to think about _____ they might control the experiences of children to produce responsible and productive adults.
A.what
B.how
C.whatever
D.however
77.Although Anna is happy with her success, she wonders _____ will happen to her private life.
A.that
B.what
C.it
D.this
78.——Does John live here?
——No，this is _____ James lives.
A.which
B.where
C.who
D.what
79.Her first question was _____ John had come to see her.
A.if
B.whether
C.that
D.what
80.The reason I didn’t go to the meeting yesterday was _____ I had no interst in the topic.
A.because
B.due to
C.because of
D.that
81.Perhaps the most commonly voiced objection to volunteer participation during the undergraduate years is _____ it consumes time and energy that the students might otherwise devote to”academic”pursuits.
A.that
B.because
C.since
D.which
82._____ surprised me was _____ he couldn’t ride a bicycle.
A.That, that
B.What, what
C.Who, that
D.What, that
https://www.doczj.com/doc/9016745143.html,ernment reports, examination compositions, legal documents and most business letters are the main situations _____ formal language is used.
A.in which
B.at which
C.on which
D.in that
84.The residents, _____ had been damaged by the fire, were given help by the Red Cross.
A.all their homes
B.all of their homes
C.whose all homes
D.all of whose homes
85.A good many proposals were raised by the delegates, _____was to be expected.
A.that
B.what
C.so
D.as
86.All _____ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.
A.what is needed
B.the thing needed
C.for our needs
D.that is needed
87.He came back late, _____ which time all the guests had already left.
A.after
B.by
C.at
D.during
88.The reason _____ I can’t go to the meeting is that I will be teaching tomorrow.
A.why
B.because
C.that
D.as
89.Beer is the most popular drink among male drinkers, _____ overall consumption is significantly higher than that of women.
A.whose
B.which
C.that
D.what
90.The hour _____ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affects their relationship with real-life people.
A.in which
B.on which
C.when
D.that
91.I was hakfway back to the cottage where my mother lived _____ Susan caught up with me.
A.when
B.while
C.until
D.though
92.He will surely finish the job on time _____ he’s left to do it in his own way.
A.in that
B.so long as
C.in case
D.as far as
93._____ receiving financial support from family, community or the government is allowed,it is never admired.
A.As
B.Once
C.Although
D.Lest
94._____ much is known about what occurs during sleep, the precise function of sleep and its different stages remain largely in the realm of assumption.
A.Because
B.For
C.Since
D.While
95.The article suggests that when a person _____ under unusual stress he should be especially careful to have a well-balanced diet.
A.is
B.were
C.be
D.was
96.We hadn’t met for 20years, but I recognized her _____ I saw her.
A.the moment
B.for the moment
C.the moment when
D.at the moment when
97._____ rain could be made to fall only when it was needed!
A.Considering
B.If
C.Suppose
D.Provide
98._____, he does get irritated with her sometimes.
A.As he likes her much
B.Much although he likes her
C.Though much he likes her
D.Much as he likes her
99.There are signs _____ restaurants are becoming more popular with families.
A.that
B.which
C.in which
D.whose
100._____ for the timely investment from the general public, our company would not be so thriving as it is.
A.Had it not been
B.Were it not
C.Be it not
D.Should it not
a(an) art. (非特指的)一(个)；任何一个；每一(个) A.D. n.公元 A.M. ad.上午，午前 abandon v.放弃；抛弃，离弃 abdomen n.腹；腹部 abide v.(by)坚持；遵守；容忍 ability n.能力，智能；才能，才干；技能 able a.能够，有能力的 abolish v.废除，取消 about prep.关于；在…周围；在…各处ad.大约 above prep.在…上方；(数量，价格等)大于… abroad ad.出国，在国外 abrupt a.突然的，意外的；陡峭的，险峻的；(举止，言谈等) 不流畅的absence n.缺席，不在场；缺乏 absent a.(from) 缺席的，不在场的；漫不经心的 absolute a.绝对的；完全的；专制的 absorb 吸收；吸引，使专心 abstract a.抽象的；深奥的n.摘要；抽象v.摘要；转移 absurd a.愚蠢的；荒唐的 abundant a.丰富的；充足的 abuse v.& n.滥用；谩骂 academic a.学院的；学术的，教学的
accelerate v.加速；促进 accent n.腔调，口音；重音(符号) accept v.认可，接受 access n.接近，进入；入口，通路；接近(或进入) 的方法accident n.事故 accidental a.偶然的，意外的 accommodate v.留宿，收容；供应，供给；容纳accommodations (-s) accompany v.陪伴，陪同 accomplish v.完成，实现 according (to) account n.帐户 accumulate v.积累，积蓄；堆积 accurate a.精确的，准确的 accuse v.(of) 控告，谴责 accustom v.(to) 使习惯 ache v.痛；哀怜n.疼痛，酸痛 achieve v.完成，达到；获得 acid n.酸a.酸的；酸性的 acquaint v.(sb.with) 使认识，使了解 acquaintance n.熟人；相识；熟悉 acquire v.取得，获得；学到
1.individuals,characters, folks替换(people ,persons) 2: positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising (有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good 3:dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad 如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换 eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation ,as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive. 4.(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替换many. 注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。 Eg. Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that….同理用most, if not all ,替换most. 5: a slice of, quiet a few , several替换some 6:harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that替think (因为是书面语，所以要加that) 7:affair ,business ,matter 替换thing 8: shared 代common 9.reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits ) 10:for my part ,from my own perspective 替换in my opinion 11:Increasing(ly),growing 替换more and more( 注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing.修饰形容词，副词用increasingly. Eg.sth has gained growing popularity. Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth. 12.little if anything, 或little or nothing替换hardly 13..beneficial, rewarding替换helpful, 14.shopper,client,consumer,purchaser, 替换customer 15.exceedingly,extremely, intensely 替换very 16.hardly necessary, hardly inevitable ... 替换unnecessary, avoidable 17.sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in 18.capture one's attention替换attract one's attention. 19.facet,demension,sphere代aspect 20.be indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代indicate, suggest ,fear 21.give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换cause. 22. There are several reasons behind sth 替换..reasons for sth 23.desire 替换want. 24.pour attention into 替换pay attention to 25.bear in mind that 替换remember 26. enjoy, possess 替换have(注意process是过程的意思) 27. interaction替换communication 28.frown on sth替换be against , disagree with sth 29.to name only a few, as an example替换for example, for instance 30. next to / virtually impossible,替换nearly / almost impossible
英语词汇学复习题（A） （2012-05-29） Ⅰ．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. 1．According to semanticists, a word is a unit of ______.（） A．meaning B．sound C．combination of sounds D．group 2．The pronunciation has changed ______ spelling over the years.（） A．more slowly than B．as quickly as C．more rapidly than D．not so quickly as 3．Words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by ______.（）A．use frequency B．notion C．origin D．sound 4．Rapid growth of science and technology breeds such new words as the following EXCEPT______.（） A．green revolution B．fast food C．moon walk D．space shuttle 5．Semantic change means an old form which takes on a new ______ to meet the new need. （） A．form B．meaning C．look D．pronunciation 6．Reviving archaic words also contribute to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, in American English “fall” means ______ in British English.（） A．four B．fell C．for D．autumn 7．The plural morpheme “-s”is realized by /s/after the following sounds EXCEPT ______. （） A．/t/ B．/g/ C．/p/ D．/k/ 8．There are ______ free morphemic words in the following: bird, man, red, collection.（）A．one B．two C．three D．four 9．The following words have derivational affixes EXCEPT ______.（） A．works B．prewar
试题三 第一部分选择题 I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%) 1.According to the degree of similarity, homonyms can be classified into ( ) A. perfect homonyms B. homonyms C. homophones D. all the above 2.Transfer as a mode of semantic change can be illustrated by the example ( ) A. ad for “advertisement” B. dish for “food" C. fond for “affectionate” D. an editorial for “an editorial article" 3.It is a general belief that the meaning does not exist in the word itself, but it rather spreads over ( ) A. the reader’s interpretation B. the neighbouring words C. the writer's intention D. the etymology of the word 4.Which of the following is a prefix of time and order? A. extra- B. pro- C. re- D. semi- 5.Which of the following dictionaries is not a specialized dictionary? A. The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology B. Chamber's Encyclopedic English Dictionary C. Longmont Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs D. Webster's New Dictionary of Synonyms 6.Which of the following statements is Not true? A. Reference is the relationship between language and the world. B. The relationship between a word and its referent is arbitrary. C. Concept is universal to all men alike. D. Sense denotes the relationships outside the language. 7.The words which occur before or after a word and may affect its meaning form ( ) A. physical context B. grammatical context C. lexical context D. linguistic context 8."Smith is an architect. He designed World Trade Center. "The clue provided in the context is ( ) A. definition B. explanation C. example D. hyponym 9.The term "vocabulary" is used in different ways because of all the following reasons EXCEPT that ( ) A. it can refer to the common core of a language B. it can refer to the total number of the words in a language C. it can represent all the words used in a certain historical period D. it can stand for words in given dialect or field 10.The idiom "a dark horse" is a ( ) A. simile B. metaphor
计算机常用英语词汇表 高频700单词 一、硬件类(Hardware) （'hɑ:dwε?） CPU(Center Processor Unit)中央处理单元（'sent?'pr?uses?'ju:nit）Main board主板（mein b?:d） RAM(random access memory)随机存储器(内存)（'r?nd?m '?kses 'mem?ri） ROM(Read Only Memory)只读存储器（ri:d '?unli 'mem?ri） Floppy Disk 软盘（'fl?pi disk） Hard Disk 硬盘（hɑ:d disk） CD-ROM 光盘驱动器(光驱) monitor 监视器（'m?nit?） keyboard 键盘（'ki:b?:d） mouse 鼠标（maus） chip 芯片（t?ip） CD-R 光盘刻录机 HUB 集线器 Modem= MOdulator-DEModulator, 调制解调器（'m?udem'm?djuleit?di:'m?djuleit?） P-P(Plug and Play) 即插即用（pl?ɡplei） UPS(Uninterruptable Power Supply) 不间断电源（?nint?'r?pt?b?l
pau?s?'plai） BIOS(Basic-input-Output System) 基本输入输出系统（'beisik 'input 'autput 'sist?m） CMOS(Complementary- Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) （k?mpli'ment?ri 'met?l '?ksaid semik?n'd?kt?）互补金属氧化物半导体 setup安装（set?p） uninstall卸载（?nin'st?:l） wizzard向导（'wiz?d） OS(Operation System)操作系统（?p?'rei??n 'sist?m） OA(Office AutoMation)办公自动化（'?fis ?:t?'mei??n） edit编辑（'edit） copy复制（'k?pi） cut剪切（k?t） paste粘贴（peist） delete删除 (di'li:t) select选择 (si'lekt) find查找 (faind) select all全选 (si'lekt ?:l) replace替换 (ri'pleis) undo撤消 (?n'du:) redo重做 ([ ri:'du:) program程序（'pr?uɡr?m）
★形容词： 1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken .) 2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off 3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding 4. 积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous 5.消极的,不良的：bad = detrimental=evil= baneful =undesirable ＝harmful=inhumane(无人道的) 6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest 7. 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome 8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous 9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching 10. 有活力的: energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated 11. 流行的: popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive 12. 普遍的: everywhere=widespread=prevalent=overflow=rampant 13. 富有的: rich=wealthy=affluent 14. 贫穷的: poor=impoverished 15. 严重的：serious=severe (严厉的) 16. 便宜的：cheap=economical=inexpensive 17. 重要的：key=crucial=critical=important=significant=vital=substantial= indispensable=imperative 18. 急剧地：dramatically=drastically=sharply=hugely=enormously=steeply =substantially=considerably=significantly=markedly=surprisingly=strikingly=radically= remarkably=vastly=noticeably 19. 平稳地：steadily=smoothly=slightly=slowly=marginally=gradually=moderately= mildly 20. 有益的：useful=helpful=beneficial= profitable= rewarding= advantageous 21. 明显的：clear=obvious= evident= self-evident= manifest= apparent= crystal-clear ； ★动词： 1. 提高，加强：improve = enhance= advance=promote = strengthen = optimize 2. 引起：cause = trigger = endanger 3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with=tackle=address(*)=handle 4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate 5. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture=agriculture 6. 激发,鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur 7. 认为：think = believe=insist=maintain=conclude=deem=assert= hold = claim = argue =be convinced=be firmly convinced=be fully convinced 8. 完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve 9. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold= conserve 保护资源 10. 有害于,破坏，损害：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize= break=damage=hurt=injure=harm=jeopardize=devastate (抽象)
1、选择题（2 ×15=30） 2、填空题（2×5=10 ） 3、搭配题(1×10=10) 4、名词解释题(4×5=20) 5、问题回答(5×3=15) 6、论述题(第39题7分，第40题8分) 选择题： 1. Which of the following is an initialism ? D. UN 2. The following are all nominal suffixes EXCEPT A. –ful . 3．Both English and B. Danish belong to the Germantic branch of the Indo-European language family. 4.Affixes added to the end of words to indicate grammatik relationships are known as C. inflectional morphemes. 5.Motiation accounts for the connection between word-form and C.its meaning. 6.Ambiguity often arises due to polysemy and C.homonymy. 7.Affixes attached to other morphemes to create new words are known as B .derivational affixes. 8.The semantic unity of idioms is reflected in the A.illogical relationship between the literal meaning of each word and the meaning of the idiom as in rain cats and dogs. https://www.doczj.com/doc/9016745143.html,ually a small number of languages have been designated official languages for an organization’s activities ,for example, the UN was established with five official languages English, French, A.Spanish Russian, and Chinese.中英俄法西
全国高等教育自学考试 英语词汇学试题 课程代码：00832 Ⅰ．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）1．According to semanticists, a word is a unit of ______.（） A．meaning B．Sound C．combination of sounds D．Group 2．The pronunciation has changed ______ spelling over the years.（） A．more slowly than B．As quickly as C．more rapidly than D．Not so quickly as 3．Words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by ______.（）A．use frequency B．notion C．origin D．sound 4．Rapid growth of science and technology breeds such new words as the following EXCEPT______.（） A．green revolution B．fast food C．moon walk D．space shuttle 5．Semantic change means an old form which takes on a new ______ to meet the new need. （）A．form B．meaning C．look D．pronunciation 6．Reviving archaic words also contribute to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, in American English “fall” means ______ in British English.（） A．four B．fell C．for D．autumn 7．The plural morpheme “-s” is realized by /s/after the following sounds EXCEPT ______. （）A．/t/ B．/g/ C．/p/ D．/k/ 英语词汇学试卷第 1 页共9 页
英语分类词汇表（1）1性别及家庭成员 boy 男孩 girl 女孩 mother 母亲 father 父亲 grandpa 爷爷grandma 奶奶grandmother祖母grandfather祖父 dad 爸爸（口语）mum 妈妈（口语）uncle 叔叔 aunt 阿姨 sister 姐妹 brother 兄、弟 Ms 女士 Mr 先生 Miss 小姐 2动物 panda 熊猫 monkey 猴子 dog 狗 cat 猫 bird 鸟 bee 蜜蜂 bear 熊 horse 马 pig 猪 duck 鸭子 rabbit 兔子 tiger 老虎 lion 狮子 chick 小鸡 fox 狐狸 hen 母鸡 cow 奶牛cock 公鸡 3数字 one 一 two 二 three 三 four 四 five 五 six 六 seven 七 eight 八 nine 九 ten 十 eleven 十一 twelve 十二 thirteen 十三 fourteen 十四 fifteen 十五 sixteen 十六 seventeen 十七 eighteen 十八 nineteen 十九 twenty 二十 twenty-one 二十一 thirty 三十 forty 四十 fifty 五十 sixty 六十 seventy 七十 eighty 八十 ninety 九十 one hundred一百 thousand 千 4食物饮料三餐味道水 果 rice 米饭 meat 肉 noodles 面条 fish 鱼 chocolate 巧克力 egg 蛋 vegetable 蔬菜 carrot 胡萝卜 bread 面包 orange 桔子 apple 苹果 milk 牛奶 tea 茶 coffee 咖啡 cake 蛋糕 candy 糖果 cookie 饼干 hot dog 热狗 breakfast 早餐 lunch 午饭 supper 晚饭 dinner 晚饭，正餐 lemon 柠檬 pear 梨 peach 桃子 banana 香蕉 5衣服 T-shirt T—恤衫 shirt 衬衫 skirt 短裙 cap 帽子（前边有帽沿的） hat 帽子(周围有帽沿的) shoes 鞋子 shorts 短裤 vest 背心 pants 短裤 dress 连衣裙 6冠词 a 一（个，件……） an
1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken 2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off 3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding 4. 积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous 5. 消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable 6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest 7. 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome 8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous 9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching 10. 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated 11. 流行的：popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive 1.Everywhere 普遍的Widespread、Prevalent、Overflow、Rampant 2.Good 好的Beneficial、Advantageous 3.Harmful 有害的Inhumane、Detrimental、Baneful 4.Rich 富有的Wealthy、Affluent 5.Poor 贫穷的Impoverished 7.Serious 严重的Severe 8.Obvious 明显的Manifest、Apparent、Evident 9.cheap 便宜的Economical、Inexpensive ★动词： 1. 提高，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize 2. 引起：cause = trigger = endanger 3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with 4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate 5. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture 6. 激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur 7. 认为：think = assert= hold = claim = argue 8. 完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve 9. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold 10. 有害于：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize 11. 减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten 1.Improve 提高：Promote、Advance、Enhance 2.change 改变：Transform 3.Emphasize 强调：Highlight、Stress、Address(这是个9星级用法) 4.Develop培养：Agriculture、Cultivate、Nurture 5.Break 破坏：Impair、Undermine这两个词指的是抽象意义上的破坏Jeopardize、Devastate 6.Keep 保存Preserve、Conserve 保护资源 7.deal With解决Tackle、Address（这也是高难度用法，很牛）、Resolve 8.need 需要Require、necessitate、call for ★名词： 1. 影响：influence= impact 2. 危险：danger = perils =hazard
英语词汇学试题 Introduction and Chapter 1 Basic Concepts of Words and Vocabula ry（练习1） I．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement. 1.Morphology is the branch of grammar which studies the structure or forms of words, primarily through the use of _________construct. A. word B. form C. morpheme D. root 2.________ is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words. A. Semantics B. Linguistics C. Etymology D. Stylistics 3.Modern English is derived from the language of early ______ tribes. A. Greek B. Roman C. Italian D. Germanic 4. Semantics is the study of meaning of different _________ levels: lexis, syntax, utterance, discourse, etc. A. linguistic B. grammatical C. arbitrary D. semantic 5.Stylistics is the study of style . It is concerned with the user’s choices of linguistic elements in a particular________ for special effects A. situation B. context C. time D. place 6.Lexicography shares with lexicology the same problems: the form , meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a _______ difference. A . spelling B. semantic C. pronunciation D. pragmatic 7. Terminology consists of _______ terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas. A. technical B. artistic C. different D. academic 8. __________refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members of particular arts, sciences, trades, and professions communicate among themselves. A. Slang B. Jargon C. Dialectal words D. Argot 9 ._________ belongs to the sub-standard language, a category that seems to stand between the standard general words including informal ones available to everyone and in-group words. A. Jargon B. Argot C. Dialectal words D. Slang 10. Argot generally refers to the jargon of _______.Its use is confined to the sub-cultural groups and outsiders can hardly understand it. A. workers B. criminals C. any person D. policeman 11.________ are words used only by speakers of the dialect in question. A. Argot B. Slang C. Jargon D. Dialectal words 12. Archaisms are words or forms that were once in _________use but are now restricted only to specialized or limited use. A. common B. little C. slight D. great 13. Neologisms are newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on ______meanings. A. new B. old C. bad D. good 14. Content words denote clear notions and thus are known as_________ words. They include nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and numerals. A. functional B. notional C. empty D. formal 15. Functional words do not have notions of their own. Therefore, they are also called _______words. Prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliaries and articles belong to this category. A. content B. notional C. empty D. new
初中英语词汇表 注：n 名词 v 动词 adj形容词adv 副词 prep介词 conj连词phr.短语 num数词 pron 代名词第一册1----833 1 what [hw?t] pron 什么 2 is [iz] v 是 3 what's [hw?ts] what is 的缩写形式 4 your [ju?] pron 你的,你们的 5 name [neim] n 名字 6 my [mai] pron 我的 7 I [ai] pron 我 8 am [?m] v 是 9 I'm [aim] I am 的缩写形式 10 in [in] prep 在...里(内,上) 11 row [r?u] n (一)排,(一)行 12 one [w?n] num 一 13 number ['n?mb?] n 数字,号码 14 two [tu:] num 二 15 too [tu:] adv 也 16 three[θri:] num 三 17 are [ɑ:] v 是 18 you [ju:] pron 你,你们 19 yes [jes] adv 是 20 four [f?:] num 四 21 five [faiv] num 五 22 no [n?u] adv & adj 不,不是 23 not [n?t] adv 不 24 hi [hai] int 喂(问候或唤起注意) 25 class [klɑ:s] n (学校里的)班级,年级 26 grade [greid] n 年级 27 six [siks] num 六 28 seven ['sevn] num 七 29 eight [eit] num 八 30 nine [nain] num 九 31 ten [ten] num 十 32 zero ['zi?r?u] num & n 零 33 plus [pl?s]prep 加,加上 34 it [it] pron 它 35 It's [its] it is 的缩写形式 36 how [hau] adv (指程度)多少,怎样 37 old [?uld] adj ...岁的,老的 38 eleven [i'levn] num 十一 39 twelve [twelv] num 十二 40 minus ['main?s] prep减,减去 41 thirteen ['θ?:ti:n] num 十三42 fourteen ['f?:'ti:n] num 十四 43 fifteen ['fif'ti:n] num 十五 44 hello [h?'l?u] int喂(问候或唤起注意) 45 please [pli:z] int 请 46 can [k?n] v.aux 能,可以,会 47 spell [spel] v 拼写 48 that [e?t] pron 那,那个 49 secret ['si:krit] n 秘密 50 this [eis] pron 这,这个 51 in [in] prep 用...(表达) 52 English['i?gli?] n & adj 英语,英国人 53 in English[in'i?gli?]phr. 用英语(表达) 54 a [ei] art 一(个,件...) 55 clock [kl?k] n 钟 56 and [?nd] conj 和,又,而 57 pencil-box['penslb?ks]n 铅笔盒 58 an [?n] art 一(个;件.) 59 pencil ['pensl] n 铅笔 60 ruler ['ru:l?] n 尺子 61 pen [pen] n 钢笔 62 sharpener ['?ɑ:p?n?] n 卷笔刀 63 eraser [i'reis?] n 橡皮擦 64 room [ru:m] n 房间 65 book [buk] n 书 66 map [m?p] n 地图 67 desk [desk] n 书桌 68 cup [k?p] n 杯子 69 bag [b?g] n 书包 70 compute r[k?m'pju:t?]n电脑,电子计算机 71 mouse [maus]n 鼠,耗子,鼠标 72 bed [bed] n 床 73 keyboard ['ki:b?:d] n 键盘 74 isn't ['iznt]is not 的缩写形式 75 pear [p??] n 梨 76 cake [keik] n 蛋糕,饼,糕 77 banana [b?'nɑ:n?] n 香蕉 78 apple ['?pl] n 苹果 79 orange ['?:rind?] n 橙子,橘子 80 egg [eg] n 蛋 81 bike [baik] n 自行车 82 bus [b?s] n 公共汽车 83 car [kɑ:] n 汽车,小汽车 84 jeep [d?i:p] n 吉普车 85 Chinese['t?ai'ni:z]adj中国的,中国人的；n 中国人,汉语 n 中国人,汉语