语言学术语中英对照
writing system书写系统 word order 词序 word segmentation分词 word set 词集word segmentation unit 分词单位/切词单位
word segmentation standard for Chinese 中文分词规范
voice recognition 声音辨识/语音识别 vowel 元音 vowel harmony 元音和谐verb 动词verb phrase 动词组/动词短语 verb recitative compound 动补复合词verbal association 词语联想 oracle bone inscriptions甲骨文
verbal phrase 动词组verbal production 言语生成vernacular 本地话
V-O construction (verb-object) 动宾结构accent 口音/{Phonetics}重音
Universal Grammar 普遍性语法transformation 变形[转换]
Transformational Grammar 变形语法/转换语法nested structure 崁套结构text understanding 文本理解abbreviation 缩写/省略语
text analyzing 文本分析 text coherence 文本一致性synonym同义词syntactic category 句法类别syntactic constituent 句法成分
syntactic rule 语法规律/句法规则 structural transfer 结构转换
structuralism 结构主义 stem 词干 stop 爆破音
social context 社会环境 simple word 单纯词situation 情境
sememe 义素 phoneme 音素 punctuation 标点符号
part of speech (POS) 词类 particle 语助词 phrase 词组/短语phonemic stratum 音素层 rhetorical structure 修辞结构 rhetoric 修辞学proper name 专有名词polysemy 多义性 postposition 方位词
negative sentence 否定句 multilingual translation 多语翻译
Morphology 构词学 Montague Grammar 蒙泰究语法/蒙塔格语法
mood 语气morpheme 词素 morphological affix 构词词缀
modal 情态词 modal auxiliary 情态助动词 modal logic 情态逻辑
modifier 修饰语 metaphor 隐喻M-D (modifier-head) construction 偏正结构locution 惯用语 linguistic unit 语言单位 loan 外来语
lexical ambiguity 词汇歧义 lexical category 词类
LAD (language acquisition device) 语言习得装置 language acquisition 语言习得intonation 语调interlingua 中介语言interlingual 中介语(的）innateness position 语法天生假说 inflection/inflexion 屈折变化
inflectional affix 屈折词缀 indirect object 间接宾语
immediate constituent 直接成份 imperative 祈使句 homograph 同形异义词homonym 同音异义词homophone 同音词 homophony 同音异义
free morpheme 自由语素 duration 音长{语音学}/时段{语法学/语义学} disambiguation 消除歧义/歧义消除discourse 篇章 complement 补语checked 受阻的antonym 反义词apposition 同位语 ambiguity 歧义ambiguity resolution 歧义消解 affirmative 肯定（的；式）
对外汉语术语中英对照
音节syllable 字母alphabet 语言中的歧异现象ambiguity 发音pronunciation 广东话Cantonese 辅音consonant 声调tone 韵律rhyme
声调语言tone language 押韵（v）rhyme 节奏rhythm 语调intonation
语音speech of sound 词汇lexicon 语法grammar 语素morpheme
构词法word-building/-formation 形态变化morphological change 音位phoneme
声带vocal cords 发音器官organs of speech 呼吸器官respiratory organs
音标phonetic alphabet 汉语拼音Chinese Phonetic Alphabet 属性attribute 发音articulation 甲骨文oracle bone inscriptions 笔画stroke 名词noun
部首character component 表意文字ideograph 象形文字pictograph
实词notional word 动词verb 形容词adjective 副词adverb
代词pronoun 虚词function word 连词conjunction 语气词mood word 介词preposition 叹词interjection 助词auxiliary word 情态动词modal verb 主语subject 宾语object 定语attribute 补语complement
谓语predicate 表语predicative 状语adverbial 修饰语modifier
同义词synonym 反义词antonym 词组word group 时态tense
专有名词proper noun 专业术语register 语境context 词尾ending
后缀suffix 前缀infix 本义original meaning 基本义basic meaning
引申义extended meaning 成语set phrase / idiom 方言dialect
句法学Synt
英汉语言学词汇对照表 abbreviation ablative abrupt accent accusative acoustic phonetics acquisition action verb active active chart parser active knowledge active verb actor-action-goal actualization acute address adequacy adjacency pair adjective adjunct adjunction adverb adverbial idiom affective affirmative affix affixation affricate agent agentive-action verb agglutinative agreement AI (artificial intelligence) AI language Algebraic Linguistics algorithm alienable alignment allo- allomorph allophone alpha notation alphabetic writing alternation 缩写[省略语 ] 夺格 (的) 突发音 口音 /{Phonetics} 重音 受格（的） 声学语音学 习得 动作动词 主动语态 活动图句法剖析程序 主动知识 主动动词 施事 (者)-动作 -目标 实现 (化) 锐音 地址 { 信息科学 }/ 称呼（语） { 语言学 } 妥善性 邻对 形容词 附加语[ 附加修饰语 ] 加接 副词 副词词组 影响的 肯定（的；式） 词缀 加缀 塞擦音 施事 施事动作动词 胶着（性） 对谐 人工智能[人工智能 ] 人工智能语言[人工智能语言 ] 代数语言学 算法[算法 ] 可分割的 对照 [多国语言文章词；词组；句子翻译的 ] 同位 - 同位语素 同位音位 alpha 标记 拼音文字 交替
population 母体 sample 样本 census 普查 sampling 抽样 quantitative 量的 qualitative/categorical质的 discrete 离散的 continuous 连续的 population parameters 母体参数 sample statistics 样本统计量 descriptive statistics 叙述统计学 inferential/inductive statistics 推论 ... 抽样调查（sampliing survey 单纯随机抽样（simple random sampling 系统抽样（systematic sampling 分层抽样（stratified sampling 整群抽样（cluster sampling 多级抽样（multistage sampling 常态分配(Parametric Statistics) 无母数统计学(Nonparametric Statistics) 实验设计(Design of Experiment) 参数(Parameter) Data analysis 资料分析 Statistical table 统计表 Statistical chart 统计图 Pie chart 圆饼图 Stem-and-leaf display 茎叶图 Box plot 盒须图Histogram 直图 Bar Chart 长条图 Polygon 次数多边图 Ogive 肩形图 Descriptive statistics 叙述统计学 Expectation 期望值 Mode 众数 Mean 平均数 Variance 变异数 Standard deviation 标准差 Standard error 标准误 Covariance matrix 共变异数矩阵 Inferential statistics 推论统计学 Point estimation 点估计 Interval estimation 区间估计 Confidence interval 信赖区间 Confidence coefficient 信赖系数 Testing statistical hypothesis 统计假设检定 Regression analysis 回归分析 Analysis of variance 变异数分析 Correlation coefficient 相关系数 Sampling survey 抽样调查 Census 普查 Sampling 抽样 Reliability 信度 Validity 效度 Sampling error 抽样误差 Non-sampling error 非抽样误差 Random sampling 随机抽样 Simple random sampling 简单随机抽样法 Stratified sampling 分层抽样法 Cluster sampling 群集抽样法 Systematic sampling 系统抽样法 Two-stage random sampling 两段随机抽样法 Convenience sampling 便利抽样 Quota sampling 配额抽样 Snowball sampling 雪球抽样 Nonparametric statistics 无母数统计 The sign test 等级检定 Wilcoxon signed rank tests 克森讯号等级检定 Wilcoxon rank sum tests 克森等级和检定 Run test 连检定法 Discrete uniform densities 离散的均匀密度 Binomial densities 二项密度 Hypergeometric densities 超几密度 Poisson densities 卜松密度 Geometric densities 几密度 Negative binomial densities 负二项密度 Continuous uniform densities 连续均匀密度 Normal densities 常态密度 Exponential densities 指数密度 Gamma densities 伽玛密度 Beta densities 贝他密度 Multivariate analysis 多变量分析 Principal components 主因子分析 Discrimination analysis 区别分析 Word 资料
系统功能语言学英汉术语对照表 作者：翁素贤提供 转贴自：摘自《系统功能语言学多维思考》 您要打印的文件是：系统功能语言学英汉术语对照表 打印本文 系统功能语言学英汉术语对照表 ―――摘自《系统功能语言学多维思考》 A Abitliy 能力 Actor 施动者 Addressee 受话者 Addresser 发话者 Agent 施事 Anaphoric 指前的 Antonym 反义词 Antonymy 反义意义 Autonomy 自治性 B Behavior 行为 Behavioral process 行为过程 Beneficiary 受益者 C Cataphoric 指后的 Categorical 绝对的 Categorization 范畴化 Central token 中心标志 Chain 链 Channel 渠道 Choice 选择 Clause 小句 Clause as theme 句项主位 Cleft sentence 分裂句 Closed system 封闭系统 Coclassisfication 相互区分
Coextension相互扩展Coherence连贯 Cohesion链接 Cohesive chain链接链Cohesive tie链接纽带Cohyponym共同下义词Collocation搭配Collocational chain搭配链Comeronym共同局部关系词Command命令 Comment述题 Competence（语言）能力Complementarity互补性Congruence一致性Conjunction连接，连词Consonant辅音 Consonant grammar协和语法Constructivism构建主义Context语境，上下文Context of culture文化语境Context of situation情境语境Continuity连续体Continuum连续体Conventional meaning常规意义Coocurrence同现Cooperative principle合作原则Coordination并列Coreference相互对应Correspondence对应 Critical linguistics批评语言学Cross-coupling交互匹配 D Decategorization非范畴化Declarative陈述的 Delicacy精密度 Dialect方言 Dialectal variety方言变体Diatypic variety功能变体Didactic教导性的 Direct speech act直接言语行为Discontinuity脱节，间断性Discourse话语 Discourse analysis话语分析
人内传播：intra-personal communication 自我互动：self interaction 象征符：symbol 内省式思考：reflective thinking 人际传播：personal communication 集合行为:collective behavior 乌合之众：crowd 流言：rumor 意见领袖：opinion leader 两级传播:two step flow of communication 中介因素：mediating factors 信息流：information flow 影响流:influencing flow 知沟:knowledge gap 数字鸿沟:digital gap 可信性：credibility 专业权威性:expertness 休眠效果（霍夫兰）：sleeper effect 诉诸理性：rational persuasion 诉诸情感：emotional persuasion 显著性:salience 自信心假说：self-confidence hypothesis
议程设置功能：the agenda-setting function:McCombs&Show What is the agenda-setting function: Media concentration on a few issues and subjects leads the public to perceive those issues as more important than other issues. That is,if a news item is covered frequently and prominently,the audience will regard the issue as more important. 属性议程设置：attributes agenda-setting 沉默的螺旋：the spiral of silence 社会合意：social consensus 意见气候：opinion climate 中坚分子：the hard core 培养分析：cultivation analysis 故事讲解员：story-teller 熔炉：melting-pot 新闻框架：news frame News frame的四种功能： Problem definition（提供问题定义）； causal interpretation（阐释事件原因）； moral evaluation（提供道德评价）；treatment recommendation（示意解决方案） 上限效果（ceiling effect）假说；信息富有者（information-rich） 信息贫困者（information-poor）媒介素养（media literacy）
胡壮麟语言学术语英汉对照翻译表 1. 语言的普遍特征： 任意性arbitrariness 双层结构duality 既由声音和意义结构 多产性productivity 移位性displacement:我们能用语言可以表达许多不在场的东西 文化传播性cultural transmission 2。语言的功能： 传达信息功能informative 人济功能：interpersonal 行事功能：Performative 表情功能：Emotive 寒暄功能：Phatic 娱乐功能recreatinal 元语言功能metalingual 3. 语言学linguistics：包括六个分支 语音学Phonetics 音位学phonology 形态学Morphology 句法学syntax 语义学semantics 语用学pragmatics 4. 现代结构主义语言学创始人：Ferdinand de saussure 提出语言学中最重要的概念对之一：语言与言语language and parole ，语言之语言系统的整体，言语则只待某个个体在实际语言使用环境中说出的具体话语 5. 语法创始人：Noam Chomsky 提出概念语言能力与语言运用competence and performance 1. Which of the following statements can be used to describe displacement. one of the unique properties of language: a. we can easily teach our children to learn a certain language b. we can use both 'shu' and 'tree' to describe the same thing. c. we can u se language to refer to something not present d. we can produce sentences that have never been heard befor e. 2.What is the most important function of language? a. interpersonal b. phatic c. informative d.metallingual 3.The function of the sentence "A nice day, isn't it ?"is __ a informative b. phatic c. directive d. performative
传播学专业英语词汇表第一部分：基本传播学理论词汇 传播Communication 内向/自我传播Intrapersonal Communication 人际传播Interpersonal Communication 群体传播Group Communication 组织传播Organization Communication 大众传播Mass Communication 单向传播One-Sided Communication 双向传播Two-Sided Communication 互动传播Interactive Communication 媒介Media 大众传播媒介Mass Media 新媒介New Media 新闻洞News Hold
新闻价值News Value 传播者Communicator 主动传播者Active Communicator 受传者/受众/阅听大众Audience 受众兴坤Audience Interest 受众行为Audience Activity 信息Information 信号Signal 讯息Message 信息熵Entropy 冗余/冗余信息Redundancy 传播单位Communication Unit 奥斯古德模式Osgood Model 编码Encoding 解码Decoding
信源Source 传播的数学理论Mathematical Theory of Communication 传播渠道Communication Channel 有效传播Effective Communication 传播效果Effects 知识沟Knowledge-Gap 使用与满足模式Uses and Gratifications Model 使用与依从模式Uses and Dependencys Model 口传系统System of Oral Communication 地球村Global Village 内爆Implosion 全球化Globalization 本土化Localization 电子空间Cyber Space 数字化Digitalization
语言学术语（英-汉对照）表 Glossary and Index (备注：因教材改版，部分章节标注等内容有出入。) A abbreviation 缩写词，略语3.3.1 Abercrombie 10.3.2 ablative 夺格，离格4.1.1 abstractness 抽象性1.3.2 accent 重音（符）2.4.4；2.4.5 accuracy 正确性11.6.4 accusative 宾格4.1.1 achievement test 成绩测试11.6.3 acoustic phonetics 声学语音学1.7.1；2.1 acquisition 习得6.1.2 acronym 缩略语3.3.1 action process 动作过程12.2.3 actor 动作者4.4.2；12.2.3 addition 添加3.3.2 address form 称呼形式7.2.3 addressee 受话人1.4；9.4.1 addresser 发话人1.4；9.4.1 adjective 形容词3.1.2；4.1.1；5.5.2 adjunct 修饰成分；附加语12.2.3 adverb 副词3.1.2 affix 词缀3.2.1 affix hopping 词缀跳跃4.3.1 affixation词缀附加法7.1.4 affricate 塞擦音2.4.3；2.4.5；2.9.1 agreement 一致关系4.1.3 airstream 气流2 alliteration 头韵9.3.2；9.3.6 allomorph 词/语素变体3.2.4；4.3.1 allophone 音位变体2.8
统计学术语中英文对照Absolute deviation 绝对离差 Absolute number 绝对数 Absolute residuals 绝对残差 Acceleration array 加速度立体阵 Acceleration in an arbitrary direction 任意方向上的加速度Acceleration normal 法向加速度 Acceleration space dimension 加速度空间的维数 Acceleration tangential 切向加速度 Acceleration vector 加速度向量 Acceptable hypothesis 可接受假设 Accumulation 累积 Accuracy 准确度 Actual frequency 实际频数 Adaptive estimator 自适应估计量 Addition 相加
Addition theorem 加法定理 Additivity 可加性 Adjusted rate 调整率 Adjusted value 校正值 Admissible error 容许误差 Aggregation 聚集性 Alternative hypothesis 备择假设 Among groups 组间 Amounts 总量 Analysis of correlation 相关分析Analysis of covariance 协方差分析Analysis of regression 回归分析Analysis of time series 时间序列分析Analysis of variance 方差分析 Angular transformation 角转换 ANOVA （analysis of variance）方差分析
传播学英语专业词汇 传播 Communication 内向/自我传播 Intrapersonal Communication 人际传播 Interpersonal Communication 群体传播 Group Communication 组织传播 Organization Communication 大众传播 Mass Communication 单向传播 One-Sided Communication 双向传播 Two-Sided Communication 互动传播 Interactive Communication 媒介 Media 大众传播媒介 Mass Media 新媒介 New Media 新闻洞 News Hold 新闻价值 News Value 传播者 Communicator 主动传播者 Active Communicator 受传者/受众/阅听大众 Audience 受众兴趣 Audience Interest 受众行为 Audience Activity 信息 Information 信号 Signal 讯息 Message 信息熵 Entropy 冗余/冗余信息 Redundancy 传播单位 Communication Unit 奥斯古德模式 Osgood Model 编码 Encode 解码 Decode 信源 Source 传播的数学理论 Mathematical Theory of Communication 传播渠道 Communication Channel 有效传播 Effective Communication 传播效果 Effects 知识沟 Knowledge-Gap 使用与满足模式 Uses and Gratifications Model 使用与依从模式 Uses and Dependencys Model 口传系统 System of Oral Communication 地球村 Global Village 内爆 Implosion 全球化 Globalization 本土化 Localization 数字化 Digitalization 电子空间 Cyber Space
100个最常用的语言学术语（“欧美语言学”课） 1.语言language 2.语言学linguistics 3.语言学家linguist；philologist 4.语法grammar 5.语法单位grammatical unit 6.语法形式grammatical form 7.语法意义grammatical meaning 8.语法手段grammatical device 9.语法范畴grammatical category 10.元音vowel 11.辅音consonant 12.语文学philology 13.传统语法traditional grammar 14.历史比较语言学historical comparative linguistics 15.转换生成语法transformational generative grammar 16.结构主义语言学structural linguistics 17.应用语言学applied linguistic 18.方言dialect 19.语言教学language teaching 20.语言规划language planning 21.语言政策language policy 22.语言学习策略language learning strategy 23.发现程序discovery procedure 24.语境context；language environment 25.中介语interlanguage 26.音位phoneme 27.音节syllable 28.语素morpheme 29.词法morphology 30.句法syntax 31.交际法communicative approach 32.认知cognition 33.习得acquisition 34.第二语言second language 35.第二语言习得second language acquisition （SLA） 36.自由语素free morpheme 37.黏着语素bound morpheme 38.复合词compound word 39.普遍语法universal grammar，UG 40.词类part of speech
各种专业名称英语词汇中英文对照表 哲学Philosophy 马克思主义哲学Philosophy of Marxism 中国哲学Chinese Philosophy 外国哲学Foreign Philosophies 逻辑学Logic 伦理学Ethics 美学Aesthetics 宗教学Science of Religion 科学技术哲学Philosophy of Science and Technology 经济学Economics 理论经济学Theoretical Economics 政治经济学Political Economy 经济思想史History of Economic Thought 经济史History of Economic 西方经济学Western Economics 世界经济World Economics 人口、资源与环境经济学Population, Resources and Environmental Economics 应用经济学Applied Economics 国民经济学National Economics 区域经济学Regional Economics 财政学（含税收学）Public Finance (including Taxation) 金融学（含保险学）Finance (including Insurance) 产业经济学Industrial Economics 国际贸易学International Trade 劳动经济学Labor Economics
统计学Statistics 数量经济学Quantitative Economics 中文学科、专业名称英文学科、专业名称 国防经济学National Defense Economics 法学Law 法学Science of Law 法学理论Jurisprudence 法律史Legal History 宪法学与行政法学Constitutional Law and Administrative Law 刑法学Criminal Jurisprudence 民商法学(含劳动法学、社会保障法学) Civil Law and Commercial Law (including Science of Labour Law and Science of Social Security Law ) 诉讼法学Science of Procedure Laws 经济法学Science of Economic Law 环境与资源保护法学Science of Environment and Natural Resources Protection Law 国际法学(含国际公法学、国际私法学、国际经济法学、) International law (including International Public law, International Private Law and International Economic Law) 军事法学Science of Military Law 政治学Political Science 政治学理论Political Theory 中外政治制度Chinese and Foreign Political Institution 科学社会主义与国际****主义运动Scientific Socialism and International Communist Movement 中国共产党党史(含党的学说与党的建设) History of the Communist Party of China (including the Doctrine of China Party and Party Building) 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育Education of Marxist Theory and Education in Ideology and Politics 国际政治学International Politics 国际关系学International Relations 外交学Diplomacy 社会学Sociology
第一章语言学导论 phonology音系学grammar语法学morphology形态学syntax句法学lexicology词汇学general linguistics普通语言学theoretical linguistics 理论语言学historical linguistics历史语言学descriptive linguistics描写语言学empirical linguistics经验语言学dialectology方言学anthropology人类学stylistics文体学signifier能指signified所指morphs形素morphotactics语素结构学/形态配列学syntactic categories 句法范畴syntactic classes句法类别序列sub-structure低层结构super-structure上层结构open syllable开音节closed syllable闭音节checked syllable成阻音节rank 等级level层次ding-dong theory/nativistic theory本能论sing-song theory唱歌说yo-he-ho theory 劳动喊声说pooh-pooh theory感叹说ta-ta theory模仿说animal cry theory/bow-wow theory模声说Prague school布拉格学派Bilateral opposition双边对立Mutilateral opposition多边对立Proportional opposition部分对立Isolated opposition孤立对立Private opposition表缺对立Graded opposition渐次对立Equipollent opposition均等对立Neutralizable opposition可中立对立Constant opposition恒定对立Systemic-functional grammar系统功能语法Meaning potential意义潜势Conversational implicature会话含义Deictics指示词Presupposition预设Speech acts言语行为Discourse analysis话语分析Contetualism语境论Phatic communion寒暄交谈Metalanguage原语言Applied linguistics 应用语言学Nominalism唯名学派Psychosomatics身学 第二章语音 trachea/windpipe气管tip舌尖blade舌叶/舌面front舌前部center舌中部top舌顶back舌后部dorsum舌背root舌跟pharynx喉/咽腔laryngeals喉音laryngealization喉化音vocal cords声带vocal tract声腔initiator启动部分pulmonic airstream mechanism肺气流机制glottalic airstream mechanism喉气流机制velaric airstream mechanism腭气流机制Adam’s apple喉结Voiceless sound清音Voiceless consonant请辅音Voiced sound浊音Voiced consonant浊辅音Glottal stop喉塞音Breath state呼吸状态Voice state带音状态Whisper state耳语状态Closed state 封闭状态Alveolar ride齿龈隆骨Dorsum舌背Ejective呼气音Glottalised stop喉塞音Impossive内爆破音Click/ingressive吸气音Segmental phonology音段音系学Segmental phonemes音段音位
统计学名词中英文对照三
统计学名词中英文对照三 统计学名词中英文对照A abscissa 横坐标 absence rate 缺勤率 absolute number 绝对数 absolute value 绝对值 accident error 偶然误差 accumulated frequency 累积频数 alternative hyothesis 备择假设 analysis of data 分析资料 analysis of variance(ANOVA) 方差分析 arith-log aer 算术对数纸 arithmetic mean 算术均数 assumed mean 假定均数 arithmetic weighted mean 加权算术均数asymmetry coefficient 偏度系数
average 平均数 average deviation 平均差 B bar chart 直条图、条图 bias 偏性 binomial distribution 二项分布 biometrics 生物统计学 bivariate normal oulation 双变量正态总体 C cartogram 统计图 case fatality rate(or case mortality) 病死率census 普查 chi-sguare(X2) test 卡方检验 central tendency 集中趋势 class interval 组距 classification 分组、分类 cluster samling 整群抽样 coefficient of correlation 相关系数
?absolute universals 绝对共性[廖328] ?absolute case 通格[廖204] ?abstract construct 抽象结构[廖235] ?accessibility hierachy 辨认度[廖27] ?acceptability 可接受性[廖373] ?accommodation 让步，适应[陶] ?accompaniment adverb 交与副词[吕239] ?accomplishment 结束[陈147 159] ?accusative 受事格[廖346] ?accusative object 受事宾语[吕240] ?achievement 成就[陈147] ?act 行为[廖236] ?act sequence 信息内容与形式[陶] ?actional predicate 动作谓语[吕240] ?activated 被激发的[廖396 402] ?active 主动格[陈108] ?activity 活动[陈147 157] ?actual 实际[廖375] ?adequacy 切应性[陈51] ?adjacency 邻接关系[吕240] ?adjacency pairs 语对[陶] ?adjective 形容词[吕240] ?adjunct string 附加语符列[陈45] ?adjuncts 修饰语[廖27] ?adjusment model 调整模式[陈41] ?adposition 介词[吕240] ?advanced 高等[陶] ?adverb 副词[吕240] ?adverb-fronting 副词前移[吕240] ?adverb-lowering 副词下降[吕240] ?affective 表情(作用)[陈9] ?affix 词缀[吕240] ?Afrikanns 阿富堪斯[陶] ?age grading 年龄级差[陶] ?agent 施事[吕240] ?agglutinating 粘着型[廖331]
统计学词汇中英文对照完整版 Absolute deviation, 绝对离差 Absolute number, 绝对数 Absolute residuals, 绝对残差 Acceleration array, 加速度立体阵 Acceleration in an arbitrary direction, 任意方向上的加速度Acceleration normal, 法向加速度 Acceleration space dimension, 加速度空间的维数Acceleration tangential, 切向加速度 Acceleration vector, 加速度向量 Acceptable hypothesis, 可接受假设 Accumulation, 累积 Accuracy, 准确度 Actual frequency, 实际频数 Adaptive estimator, 自适应估计量 Addition, 相加 Addition theorem, 加法定理 Additive Noise, 加性噪声 Additivity, 可加性 Adjusted rate, 调整率 Adjusted value, 校正值 Admissible error, 容许误差 Aggregation, 聚集性 Alpha factoring,α因子法 Alternative hypothesis, 备择假设 Among groups, 组间 Amounts, 总量 Analysis of correlation, 相关分析 Analysis of covariance, 协方差分析 Analysis Of Effects, 效应分析 Analysis Of Variance, 方差分析 Analysis of regression, 回归分析 Analysis of time series, 时间序列分析 Analysis of variance, 方差分析 Angular transformation, 角转换 ANOVA （analysis of variance）, 方差分析 ANOVA Models, 方差分析模型 ANOVA table and eta, 分组计算方差分析 Arcing, 弧/弧旋 Arcsine transformation, 反正弦变换 Area 区域图 Area under the curve, 曲线面积 AREG , 评估从一个时间点到下一个时间点回归相关时的误差
胡壮麟的语言学术语英汉对照翻译表 1. 语言的普遍特征： 任意性arbitrariness 双层结构duality 既由声音和意义结构 多产性productivity 移位性displacement:我们能用语言可以表达许多不在场的东西 文化传播性cultural transmission 2。语言的功能： 传达信息功能informative 人济功能：interpersonal 行事功能：Performative 表情功能：Emotive 寒暄功能：Phatic 娱乐功能recreatinal 元语言功能metalingual 3. 语言学linguistics：包括六个分支 语音学Phonetics 音位学phonology 形态学Morphology 句法学syntax 语义学semantics 语用学pragmatics 4. 现代结构主义语言学创始人：Ferdinand de saussure 提出语言学中最重要的概念对之一：语言与言语language and parole ，语言之语言系统的整体，言语则只待某个个体在实际语言使用环境中说出的具体话语 5. 语法创始人：Noam Chomsky 提出概念语言能力与语言运用competence and performance 1. Which of the following statements can be used to describe displacement. one of the unique properties of language: a. we can easily teach our children to learn a certain language b. we can use both 'shu' and 'tree' to describe the same thing. c. we can u se language to refer to something not present d. we can produce sentences that have never been heard befor e. 2.What is the most important function of language? a. interpersonal b. phatic c. informative d.metallingual 3.The function of the sentence "A nice day, isn't it ?"is __ a informative b. phatic c. directive d. performative 4.The distinction between competence and performance is proposed by __
1.O pinion Leaders Active in information networks, have many information channels ,so they can often provide information and advice for others and can influence others. 2.T he Spiral of Silence For a controversial issue, people will watch the "climate of opinion" before they make comments . judging their opinion whether the "majority opinion", when people feel that their views are "majority" or in the "advantage" , it will tend to boldly express this opinion; when found his views are "a few" or in a "disadvantage" they often remain "silent." The more people remain silent, the more feel that their views are not well accepted, thus a result, the more they tend to remain silent. Repeated several times, they form representing "dominant" status views and more powerful, while holding "inferior" opinions of people sound more and more weak, such a cycle, forming a "one more loudly, and the other more and more silent spiral down the process. " 3.Gatekeeper Lewin was first proposed this idea. The information was screened and filtered by communicator. Communicators decide what we can see and how we can see . 4.Selective exposure hypothesis Audience in the contact information of the mass media is not