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2019届上海高三英语二模汇编--六选四(解析版)

2019届上海高三英语二模汇编--六选四(解析版)
2019届上海高三英语二模汇编--六选四(解析版)

2019届高三英语二模汇编——六选四

1、2019黄浦二模

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

A.This phenomenon is often missing from development projects promoted as green or sustainable.

B. This phenomenon has variously been called environmental, eco-or green gentrification.

C. Greening and environmental cleanup do not automatically or necessarily lead to gentrification.

D.This creates pressure to rezone industrial land for residential towers or profitable commercial space, in

exchange for developer-funded cleanup.

E. But it can drive up real estate prices and displace low- and middle-income residents.

F. Environmental gentrification naturalizes the disappearance of manufacturing and the working class.

Sustainable Cities Need More Than Parks, Cafes and a Riverwalk There are many standards that aim to rank how green cities are. But what does it actually mean for a city to be green or sustainable?

We’ve written about what we call the “parks, cafes and a riverwalk” model of sustainability, which focuses on providing new green spaces, mainly for high-income people. This vision of shiny residential towers and waterfront parks has become a widely-shared conception of what green cities should look like. 67 Gentrification(住宅高档化) has become a catch-all term used to describe neighborhood change, and is often misunderstood as the only path to neighborhood improvement. In fact, its defining feature is displacement. Typically, people who move into these changing neighborhoods are wealthier and more educated than residents who are displaced.

A recent flood of new research has focused on the displacement effects of environmental cleanup and green space initiatives. 68

Land for new development and resources to fund extensive cleanup of poisonous sites are scarce in many cities. 69 And in neighborhoods where gentrification has already begun, a new park or farmers market can worsen the problem by making the area even more attractive to potential high-income people and pricing out long-term residents. In some cases, developers even create temporary community gardens or farmers markets or promise more green space than they eventually deliver, in order to market a neighborhood to buyers looking for green pleasantness.

70 It makes deindustrialization seem both inevitable and desirable, often by quite literally replacing industry with more natural-looking landscapes. When these neighborhoods are finally cleaned up, after years of activism by longtime residents, those advocates often are unable to stay and enjoy the benefits of their efforts.

答案:67-70 EBDF

难度:偏难

本文为说明文。本文介绍了现在印刷的书籍过时了,如果你想提高你的阅读体验,就去买一个电子阅读器。电子阅读器优于印刷书籍,因为电子阅读器本身很小,易拿,容量大。它们节省空间,环保,提供了印刷书籍所没有的阅读技巧和工具,如调整字体,字形和间距、随意跳到指定的位置等。

【63题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段中的“has-beens, old-timers, antiques, fossils”以及后面的“E-readers are replacing the books of old”可知,这些词都是说“已过时”了,分析选项A. outdated过时了;B. typical典型有;C. meaningful 有意义的;D. useless没有的。可知,A符合题意,故选A。

【64题详解】

推理判断题。第三段中“E-readers put printed books to shame. E-readers are superior to printed books because they

save space,”和第四段“The average e-reader can store thousands of digital books, providing a genuine library at your fingertips. What is more, the e-reader itself is very small. It is easy to hold and can fit in a pocketbook or briefcase easily”尤其是“This makes handling wooden giant such as War and Peace and Anna Karenina a breeze.”,可知,电子阅读器节省了空间,环保,容量大。而且电子阅读器体积小,易拿和存贮。这使得处理像《战争与和平》和《安娜·卡列尼娜》这样的庞大的笨重的巨人变得轻而易举。由此可推断出印刷版的《战争与和平》和《安娜·卡列尼娜》是笨重的。分析选项可知C符合题意。

【65题详解】

细节理解题。第六段“The typical e-reader allows its user to adjust letter size, letterform and line spacing.”可知,典型的电子阅读器允许用户调整字母大小、字体和行距。第七段“Furthermore, it grants users the ability to get an overview of a book and then jump to a specific location based on that overview…the most helpful of all is the ability to get dictionary definitions at the touch of a finger.”可知,电子阅读器允许用户跳转到特定位置。但也许最有用的是能够用手指触摸电子字典就可找到答案。选项① line spacing customization行间距自定义;②the ability to quickly jump to the end of a book快速跳到书尾的能力;③ access to a printed dictionary at the touch of a finger用手指接触印刷体的字典。分析可知,①和②是正确的,故选A。

【66题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“E-readers put printed books to shame. E-readers are superior to printed books because they save space, are environmentally friendly and provide helpful reading tips and tools that printed books do not”可知“电子阅读器使印刷书籍相形见绌。电子阅读器优于印刷书籍,因为它们节省空间,环保,提供了印刷书籍所没有的有用的阅读技巧和工具。”分析选项可知D项符合题意,故选D。

Life on a Ship

We three children were very excited when we walked up the gangway (舷梯) of the British flagship China Star and saw officers, crew and staff rushing around. A Chinese housekeeper led the way and helped Uncle Jean and Aunt Reine with our luggage. Victor, Claudine and I lagged behind. The housekeeper was tall and thin and towered over everyone. (67) _________________ As we followed him down a narrow corridor towards our cabins, Victor whispered to me, “One thing about having no hair at all on your head, you always look neat!”

Though I was still feeling nervous and tongue-tied because it had only been three days since Aunt Reine took me out of St. Joseph’s, I laughed out loud. That was the effect Victor had on people. (68) _______________“Boys to the right and girls to the left,” said Uncle Jean. Our two cabins were directly opposite each other. Inside, everything was neat, bare and clean. While Aunt Reine, Claudine and I were unpacking, there was a knock on the door.

Victor stood there, wearing a bright-red and orange life-jacket. “Why are you wearing that?” Claudine protested. “Our ship hasn’t even sailed yet!” “In case the China Star starts going down. Then you’ll really be sorry you’re not wearing one yourself. Here! Let me show you something!” (69) ________________ Our cabin was below deck. Outside we could see nothing but deep dark water.

Claudine became alarmed. “Mama, how often does a ship sink?” she asked. Before Aunt Reine had time to reply, Victor quipped with a straight face, “Only once!”Aunt Reine and I could not help laughing in spite of

ourselves. But then Victor did something my brothers would never have done. He took off his life-jacket, slipped it on his sister and showed her how to adjust the straps. (70) ______________ At night, our housekeeper brought in a tiny roll-out bed because there were three of us.

答案:67-70 BCED

难度:容易

Many people know that trash is a big problem on planet Earth. What many people don’t know is that trash has become a problem in outer space too. (67) __________________________________

Statistically, there are more than 22,000 pieces of junk in space around the earth. And these are just the items that we can see from the surface of the earth by telescopes or radars. (68) ______________________________ Objects, like bits of old space rockets or satellites, move around the planet at very high speeds, so fast that even a very small piece can break important satellites or become dangerous to people, particularly astronauts. If the tiniest piece of junk crashed into a spacecraft, it could damage the vehicle. That’s because the faster an object moves, the greater the impact if the object collides with something else.

To help minimize additional space junk, countries around the world have agreed to limit the time their space tools stay in orbit to 25 years. Each tool must be built to fall safely into the earth’s at mosphere, or the mass of gases that surround the earth, after that. (69) ________________________________

Many scientists are also proposing different ways to clean up space junk. The Germans have been planning a space mission with robots that would collect pieces of space trash and bring them back to Earth so that they can be safely destroyed.

"In our opinion the problem is very challenging, and it's quite urgent as well," said Marco Castronuovo, an Italian Space Agency researcher who is working to solve the problem. (70) _______________________________ Many of these objects are tools that help people use their cell phones or computers.

"The time to act is now; as we go farther in time we will need to remove more and more fragments," he says. 答案:67-70 FBDA

难度:中等

Losing Touch with Nature May Make You Sick

For something that’s not actually a recognized medical condition, Nature-Deficit Disorder (NDD) has gotten a lot of attention since it was first coined in 2005. Writer Richard Louv came up with the term in his book, Last Child in the Woods: Saving Our Children from Nature-Deficit Disorder. __________67_________Louv explained that children who play outside often are less likely to become ill, stressed, or aggressive compared to those who watch a lot of television and spend most of their free time indoors. Indeed, studies appear to back up that claim by noting that children who spend a significant amount of time outdoors tend to have better mental and physical health. __________68_________ Nevertheless, they may be worsened by staying inside watching TV, playing video games, or being glued to a smartphone. What’s more, research also suggests that getting a nature fix can help boost the immune system.

According to Louv, the effects of NDD can be lessened or even reversed by making sure parents encourage their kids to enjoy playing outdoors as much as they can. __________69_________ Rather, they should lead by example, spending time with them in the park, at the beach, camping, and doing other activities, Louv said. He added that children learn many important and practical skills while interacting with nature, like risk-taking, independence, and decision-making. __________70__________

答案:67-70 DFAB

难度:中等

Screen Time: How Much Is Too Much?

Many children spend a lot of time watching or playing with electronic media—from televisions to video games, computers and other devices. 67 Perhaps parents now should ease up on their concerns about screen time, at least for older boys and girls.

Until last year, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) suggested that children and teenagers have no more than two hours of screen time a day. It also suggests that parents balance a child’s screen time with other activities.

68 Christopher Ferguson, who teaches psychology at Stetson University in Florida, notes a lack of evidence supporting reports that too many hours spent playing video games or watching TV is truly harmful.

Ferguson seems interested in one idea: the link between video games and violent or risky behavior. When he saw results from a recent British survey on screen time, he wanted to know more. The British study found a small negative effect—about a one percent increase—in aggression and depression among children who had six or more hours of screen time a day. 69 So, Ferguson and his team examined answers from a survey on risky behaviors. The study involved about 6,000 boys and girls in Florida, whose average age was 16.

Data from this survey found that American children are also fairly resistant to the negative effects of electronic media. Among those who used screens up to six hours a day, the survey found: a 0.5 percent increase in criminal behavior; a 1.7 percent increase in signs of depression; and a 1.2 percent negative effect on school grades.

70 To further argue his point that screen time is not harmful, Ferguson adds that children should become familiar with screen technology. Electronic devices, he says, are a part of our everyday lives.

答案:67-70 DBCE

难度:中等

Spacewalk!

Most people don’t know that the anniversary of an important event in space explorat ion occurred last month. On March 18, 1965, spaceman Aleksi Leonov became the first human to complete an Extra Vehicular Activity (EV A) or spacewalk. It marked the first time that a human was able to leave a spacecraft and operate in the emptiness of space. It is a dangerous procedure, but one that is vital for the success of manned space missions.

67 In space, a spacesuit must protect people from extreme cold and heat, provide air to breathe, and remove extra carbon dioxide. 68 Too much of it, and the spacesuit becomes firm and difficult to move in. Too little of it, and astronauts can become dangerously sick after returning to their spacecraft.

Astronauts now perform complex jobs in the emptiness of space in modern spacesuits. They have logged many hours repairing and upgrading equipment on satellites during EV As. 69 On July 20th, 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong set foot on the moon for the first time. There is no atmosphere on the moon, but there is gravity—about 17 percent of Earth’s, which means Neil needed a special suit for walking on the moon’s surface. Suits for the moon are equipped for exploration far from any vehicles, including tough boots that can resist cuts from the rough surface while walking. But sharp rocks weren’t the only danger to astronauts.

The moon surface is covered with a fine and flour-like dust which consists of small particles(颗粒)left over from the numerous meteorite(陨石) strikes on the moon. 70 When astronauts would leave the moon’s gravity, the dust on their suits began floating all over. It got into delicate equipment inside the spacecraft and the astronaut’s eyes and lungs. As different space agencies plan for returning people to the moon, ne w EV A suit designs will have to take something else into account. Keeping astronauts safe also means keeping their suits clean.

答案:67-70 FCAB

难度:中等

College graduation eventually means taking much of your attention in your first job search. This process can be challenging, especially for those students who had thought very carefully about their chosen major and their

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