冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the），和零冠词
一.概念
冠词是一个虚词,它置于名词之前,限定名词的意义.冠词可分为定冠词,不定冠词和零冠词三类. 二.相关知识点精讲不定冠词：1. a用于辅音发音开头的词前, 如：a book; an用于元音发音开头的词前，如：an apple, an hour. 请区别：a useful machine, an umbrella, a “u”, an “h”。2用法
定冠词：一：the 表示特指。表示名词所指的人或事物是同类中的特定的一个，以别于同类中其他的人或事物，相当于汉语中的“那个”或“这个”的意思。the book in my bag the boy under the tree
the apples in the basket the hospital near my home
二：可以和单、复数名词，也可以和不可数的名词连用。the books the book the rice the bread the footballthe old man the interesting book the teachers the women
三：用法：1). 定冠词的最基本的用法是“特指”：表示某个或某些特定的人或物。Do you know the girl in a red skirt? 你认识那个穿红裙子的女孩吗?
Beijing is the capital of China. 北京是中国的首都。2). 再次提到上文提到过的人或物，应该用定冠词the。例如：Tom has an apple, The apple is big and red. There is a boy under the tree.The boy is my brother.
3). 指谈话双方都知道的人或物。例如：Let’s go and give it to the teacher.咱们去把它交给老师吧。Open the door，please!请打开门。4). 用于某些固定词组中。例如: in the morning / afternoon / evening 等。5). 用在形容词前表示一类人。the old 老人the young 年轻人the rich富裕的人the poor_________ the deaf __________ the blind____________
6). 用在表示“姓”的复数名词前，表示一家人或夫妇二人。例如：The Whites are spending their
holiday in England.
The Greens came to China two years ago .
7). 用在由普通名词构成的表示场所的专有名词前。the Great Wall 长城 the Summer Place颐和园the United States 美国the October Revolution 十月革命the Chinese People’s Liberation Army 中国人民解放军the Long March 长征
8).用在序数词或形容词最高级前
The first thing I want to say is to listen carefully in class.
He is the tallest one in our class.
9).世界上独一无二的事物等(月亮、地球、天空、宇宙)
the globe太阳系 the universe 宇宙 the atmosphere大气层
The sun rises in the east.
The earth goes round the sun.
10).在世纪，年代名词前用冠词。
in the 1980s 或 in the 1980’s 20世纪80年代
in the nineteenth century 二十世纪
11).在江河、山脉、湖泊、海洋、群岛、海峡、海湾运河前用the。
the Changjang River 长江
the West Lake 西湖 the Pacific Ocean 太平洋
12).在介词短语中常用定冠词the，如：in the box ,behind the chair。
13).不能用定冠词the的几个方面：
(1)在节日、星期、月份、季节、年等词前不用冠词。如：in summer, in August 请区别：in the spring of 1945. (这里表示特指，故加the)
(2)一日三餐和球类运动名不用冠词。如：have breakfast ,play football
(3)一些固定词组中，如：go to bed ,go to school, by bus ,at night.
14).在有些词组中，有冠词和无冠词意思不同，请注意区别：
in front of 在…前面, in the front of 在…范围内的前部
in hospital (生病)住院, in the hospital 在医院里。
零冠词：
一：所谓零冠词，即指不使用冠词的情况：
二：用法：
1)在物质名词，抽象名词前不用冠词
The desk is made of wood.
What is work? Work is struggle
2)国名，人名前通常不用定冠词：
England， China Mary Lilei Mr.Green
3). 在星期、月份，季节等名词前;Sunday March summer winter
4)名词前有物主代词，指示代词，不定代词，名词所有格修饰时(this，my，that，those，these， her)
如：this morning my pen your watch whose bike 等
5) 在球类运动、一日三餐、学科和语言的名词前如：
have breakfast play chess play basketball
(注意在乐器前必须加定冠词如弹钢琴play the piano play the violin)
6)当by 与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词;
by bus by train by car by air by bike by plane
(注意如果用介词on 表示乘坐交通工具必须用a 或an 来表示如 in a bus on a bike 等)
7)有些个体名词不用冠词;如：
school，college，prison，market，hospital，bed，table，class，town，church，court
等个体名词，直接置于介词后，表示该名词的深层含义;
go to hospital 去医院看病
go to the hospital 去医院 (并不是去看病，而是有其他目的)
练习
填空
There is _______ picture of _______ elephant on _______ wall．
2．This is _______ useful book．I've read it for _______ hour．
3． _______ elephant is much heavier than _______ horse．
4． _______ doctor told him to take _______ medicine three times _______ day．5．Let's go out for _______ walk．
6．It's too hot．Open _______ door，please．
7．There is _______ woman over there． _______ woman is Meimei's mother．
8． _______ sun rises in _______ east．
9． _______ Changjiang River is _______ longest river in _______ China．
10．Are you going to do it _______ second time？
11．Washington is _______ capital of _______ USA．
12． _______ Turners are living at the end of _______ Turner Street．
13．He joined the army in _______ spring of _______ 1995．
14． _______ old man is _______ teacher．He likes playing _______ basketball after _______ supper．
15．After I had _______ quick breakfast，I hurried to school．
16．Are _______ sheep kept by _______ farmers for producing _______ wool and _______ meat？
17．They went to _______ People's Park，but we both went to _______ People's Cinema yesterday．
18．I often watch _______ TV in _______ evening．
19． _______ day of _______ December 20，1999 is Monday．
20．Tomorrow is _______ Christmas Day and my father and I went to
choose _______ Christmas tree today．
21．I think _______ maths is more important than any other subject．
22．He often goes to _______ school by _______ bike．
23．What does this _______ word mean， _______ Father？
24．What _______ important news！
选择填空
1．—Does Jim have _______ ruler？