专题一动词时态和语态（教师用）
【教学内容】
【知识点归纳】
I.动词时态和语态的构成形式
主动语态的构成
一般现在时一般过去时do/does,( is/am/are )did,(was/were)
现在进行时过去进行时is/am/are doing was/were doing
现在完成时过去完成时has/have done had done
现在完成进行时过去完成进行时has/have been doing had been doing
一般将来时过去将来时will/shall do is/am/are going to do
is/am/are(about)to do would/should do was/were going to do was/were(about)to do
被动语态的构成
一般现在时一般过去时is/am/are done/was/were done
现在进行时过去进行时is/am/are being done/was/were being done
现在完成时过去完成时has/have been donehad been done
一般将来时过去将来时will/shall be done is/am/are going to be done
is/am/are(about)to be donewould/should be done
was/were going to be done was/were(about)to be done
II.动词时态的用法
1.一般现在时
①一般现在时表示经常发生、习惯性动作、客观真理、科学事实、格言，目前的特征、状态、能力等;
②主句是一般将来时,时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来;
I’ll go there after I finish my work.
If it rains tomorrow,I won’t go there.
③在以here,there开头的句子里，go,come等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作;
There goes the bell.铃响了。There comes the bus.汽车来了。Here she comes.她来了。
注意：近几年，对一般现在时的考查常用过去时态或现在完成时态对考生进行干扰
Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across the open sea, which_____ the Pacific,and we met no storm.
A. was called
B. is called
C. had been called
D. has been called
虽然航海发生在过去，但是，海洋的名称不会因此而变化，所以要用一般现在时。
2.现在进行时
①表示正在进行的动作;
②表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。
She is leaving for Beijing.她要去北京。
He is working as a teacher tomorrow.从明天起他要做老师。
My father is coming to see me this Saturday.这个星期六我爸爸要来看我。
③代替一般现在时，描绘更加生动。
The Changjiang River is flowing into the east.江水滚滚向东流。
The sun is rising in the east.太阳从东方冉冉升起。
④与always, forever, constantly, continually连用，表示赞赏或厌恶等感情色彩，
但并非强调动作正在进行;
He is always helping others.他总是肯帮助他人。
She is always forgetting something.她老是忘记某些事情。
⑤大多数动词可用于进行时，但也有些动词不用于进行时。
常见的有：
▲感觉类：look, smell, feel, sound, taste, see, hear
▲情感类：like, love, prefer, admire, hate, fear
▲心态类：wish, hope, expect, want, need, believe, think, understand, agree, knowt
▲所有类：have, contain, won, hold, belong to等。
3.现在完成时
①表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，或说话时已完成的动作;
I have finished the report./ She has cleaned the room.
②表示从过去开始，待续到现在的动作或状态，往往和“for...”, “since...”表述的一段时间状语连用;
He has learned English for six years./ They have worked here since they left college.
③表示“曾经到过某地(人已回来)”用“have/has been to”;
表示“到某地去了(还未回来)”用“have/has gone to”。
—Where is Li Hua? -He has gone to the reading-room.
—She knows a lot about Shanghai. -She has been there.
④在时间状语从句,条件状语从句或让步状语从句中表达将来某时已经完成的动作。
When you have learned English, you will find it a bridge to so much knowledge.
We’ll start at six if it has stopped raining by then.
注意：这里的现在完成时强调从句动作在主句动作之前完成, 如果两个动作同时或几乎同时发生, 则不必用完成时;试比较：
I’ll let you know as soon as I hear from her.
She will call you when she gets home.
⑤短暂动词(即瞬间动词)，join,lose,buy,borrow,leave,go,come,arrive,die,marry, finish,complete,begin,start,break out等，在完成时态中，其肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。
要译“他参军已经三年了”不能说：He has joined the army three years.可采用：▲“ago法”：He joined the army three years ago.
▲“延续法”：He has been in the army for three years.
▲“since法”：It is/has been three years since he joined the army.
注意：没有包括“现在”在内或不是截至“现在”为止的时间状语不能与现在完成时连用, 但“in(over) the past/last+时间段”要与现在完成时连用。
4.现在完成进行时
①用来表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在(或今后还要继续一去)的动作;
He has been doing the maths problems since 8:00.
②凡是不能用于现在进行时的动词均不能用于现成完成进行时。
5.一般过去时
①表达特定的过去时间内发生的动作或存在的状况，或过去某一时间内经常发生或反复发生的动作或为; He often sang when he was a boy.
He went to the cinema last night with her boy friend.
②用于I didn’t know…或I forgot…，表示事先不知道或不记得，但现在已知道或
记得的事情。
用于I didn’t know…或I forgot…，表示事先不知道或不记得，但现在已知道或记得的事情。
I didn’t know you were here.(现在已经知道)
Sorry, I forgot to bring my book.(“忘记带书”已成为过去的事了)
这一用法考生要特别注意。注意：参看过去将来时的用法②。
6.过去进行时
①表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作(这一过去时间须用时间状语表示);
He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday.
②表示动作在另一过去动作发生时进行;
They were still working when I left.
③用在两个过去进行时动作同时发生;
I was writing while he was watching TV.
④过去计划、安排好的将来动作(只限于come, go, leave, arrive, start, move, sail, fly, travel, stay等);
He said she was arriving the next day.
⑤与always, forever, constantly, continually连用，表示赞赏或厌恶等感情色彩。
(参看现在进行时的用法④)
Comrade Lei Feng was always thinking of others never thinking of himself.
⑥过去进行时可用来描绘故事发行的背景。
The wind was blowing and it was raining hard.
7.过去完成时
①表示在过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作。
He had shut the door before the dog came up.
Everything had been all right up till this morning.
②表示动作或状态从过去某个时刻开始一直延续到另一个过去时刻才完成，甚至还要继续下去。At the age of ten,he had learned 500 English words.He had been ill for a week when we learned about it.
③过去未曾实现的意图、打算或希望(只限于think, want, plan, mean, intend, hope, expect, suppose，wish, want等动词)。
I had wanted to pay a visit to you yesterday, but the rain prevented me.
我本来想昨天拜访你的，但是下雨(让我不能来)。
注意：
▲过去完成时必须以过去某一时刻为基点，即“过去的过去”。因此只有在和过去某时或某动作相比较时才用到它;
▲before, after本身表示时间的“前”“后”明显，因此可用一般过去时代替过去完成时。
He (had) left before I arrived.
8.一般将来时
一般将来时有下列一些构成形式需要记住：
▲will/shall do (侧重将来行为，不突出计划安排去做某事)
▲be going to do (主观上打算或客观上可能发生)
▲be doing (按计划将要发生，常和表示最近的将来时间连用)
▲be about to do (按计划即将发生)
一般将来时的用法：
①现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态
Tom will come next week.
He will be here tomorrow.
②事物的固有属性或必然趋势
Oil will float in water.
Fish will die without water.
③对将来某个动作的安排、计划
He is going to speak on TV this evening.
9.将来完成时
用来表示在将来某个时刻(前)将完成的动作。常和by短语，when,before引起的时间状语连用。
We will have finished senior Book 2 by the end of this term.
10.过去将来时
①过去某一时刻后将要发生的过去动作或过去的意图打算(主要用于宾语从句中);
She was sure she would succeed.
I thought you would come.
把一般将来时中的助动词变成过去式，便成了过去将来时的表达形式。
②表示过去经常发生的动作。
When he was young, he would go swimming.
注意：would与used to的区别：would只表示过去，不涉及现在，而used to表示“过去常常”要与现在比较，即现在不是这样了。
11.要求一定时态的固定的句型
①was/were doing sth. when…did sth.(正在做某事，这时突然……)
I was reading a book when the bell rang.
②was/were about to do sth. when…did sth. (正要做某事，这时突然……)
We were about to leave when the telephone rang.
③It(This) is(will be ) the first/second/third…time+ that…
It’s the first time I’ve seen her.
We have been there three times.
如果句中有比较确定的时间状语，则服从时间状语的要求。
Last year I saw him many times.
④It is/has been… since…
It is (has been) two weeks since I came here.
She said it was five hours since she had finished her work.
⑤Hardly… when…\No sooner… than…
Hardly had we got in the crops when it began to rain.
I had no sooner come into the room than the door was closed.
⑥It(This) is(will be ) the first/second/third…time+ that…
This is the first time I have been here.
It'll be the first time I've spoken in public.
III.被动语态的用法
被动语态表示句子的主语是动作的承受者，也就是动作的对象，一般说来只有及物动词才有被动语态。其构成为"be+及物动词的过去分词"。助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。含有情态动词的谓语变化为被动语态时，由"情态动词(can, may must, have to等)+be +动词的-ed形式。含有"be going to , be to, used to, be about to"等结构的复合谓语变为被动语态时，其构成为"be going to (be to, used to, be about to)+ be +动词的-ed形式"构成。
1.被动语态的适用范围
①当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。这时不用by短语。
This jacket is made of cotton. 这件上衣是棉料的。
②为了强调动作的承受者时
Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 要求参观者不可触摸展品。
③出于策略、委婉、礼貌等不提出动作的执行者
You are said to be active recently. 据说你最近很活跃。
常用于如下句型：
It's not known that… ……不得而知It's said that…据说……
It's reported that… 据报道…… It's not decided that…尚未决定
It's believed that… 据认为…… It's announced that…据宣布……
2.被动语态的句型
①常见句式是：主语(受动者)+be+过去分词+(by+施动者)
He was scolded by the English teacher.
②主语+get+过去分词+其它成分
The boy got drowned last summer./ She got fired because of her faults.
使用这种结构不能带有“by+施动者”
在现代英语中大量地出现了由"get+及物动词的过去分词"构成的被动语态，这就叫做get-型被动语态。get-型被动语态中的过去分词数量有限，通常为单个的动词或比较简单的动词短语。
▲get+及物动词的过去分词
get常同marry, beat, break, damage, tear, strike, hurt, paint, invite, repair, dress, pay, wound等动词的-ed形
式连用，构成被动语态。这种结构一般指动作的结果而非动作本身，常指"最后终于，突然发生"等意义。
He got wounded in the battle. 他在战斗中受伤了。
The boy got hurt on his way home from work. 男孩在回家的路上受伤了。
▲get-型被动语态一般不宜用在含有双宾语的结构中，也不宜与see, hear, watch, listen to等感官动词构成被动语态。
The old man was offered a large sum of money. (正)有人给了这位老人一大笔钱。
The old man got offered a large sum of money. ( 误)
▲get-型被动语态有时有言外之意或具有感情色彩
He got taught a lesson. 他被教训了一顿。(有“活该”之意)
How did the window get closed. 窗户怎么关上了?(有“不该关上’之意)
▲get-型被动语态有时表示开始进入某种状态，而be+动词的-ed形式只表示存在的状态。
She got tired. 她感到累了。(有开始感到疲劳的含义)
She was tired. (只表示”她累了”)
③带有双宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)的主动句变为动句，其主语可以是直接宾语，也可以是间接宾语。
She lent me a bike.?被动：▲I was lent a bike(by her).
▲A bike was lent to me(by her).
④情态动词+be+过去分词
This problem must be worked out in half an hour.
⑤双重被动式：主语+被动式谓语+不定式的被动式+其它成分
These magazines are not allowed to be taken out of the reading-room.
The murderer was ordered to be shot.
3.主动表示被动的几种情况
①不及物动词与状语连用，用以表示主语的品质和状态
常见动词是：cut,sell,read,write,fill,cook,lock,wash,drive,keep等
This knife cuts well.这把刀好切。
These books sell well.这些书好卖。
The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来流畅。
Meat won’t keep long in such hot weather.肉在这样热的天气里放不长久。
The cloth washes well.这种布好洗。
②一些连系动词的主动式+形容词。常见动look,smell,taste,sound,feel,prove,turn out等
The apples taste good.
The flower smells wonderful.
The news proved/turned out true
Cotton feels soft.
4.不可变为被动语态的几种情况
①当句子的宾语是反身代词时(因为反身代词不可作主语)
He can dress himself. 他能自己穿衣服。不可变为Himself can be dressed by him.
②当句子的宾语是相互代词时(因为相互代词不可作主语)
We help each other/one another.不可变为Each other/One another is helped by us.
③动宾结构的固定短语只能用于主动式，不能用被动式
He lost heart.不可变为Heart was lost by him.
类似lose heart词组的还有make a face,keep silence,keep words,lose in thought 等等
④take part in,belong to ,own,have,hate,fail,contain等表状态动词没有被动语态
She took part in the sports meet.不能变为The sports meet was taken part in by her.
⑤当have, cost, fit, last, hold等表示状态的及物动词作谓语时
Our village has twenty tractors. 我们村有20台拖拉机。
The hall can hold 2000 people. 这个大厅能盛2000人 The war lasted four years. 这场战争持续了4年⑥当某些及物动词(如leave, enter, join,等)的宾语是表示处所、地点或组织时
The students entered the classroom one by one. 学生门陆续地进了教室。
My brother joined the Party two years ago. 我哥哥2年前入了党。
My father left his hometown five years ago. 我父亲5年前离开了家乡。
⑦当句子的宾语是同源宾语时
The Browns live a happy life. 布朗一家过着幸福的生活。
⑧当句子的宾语为行为者(主语)身体上某一部分时
I couldn't believe my eyes when I saw him still alive. 看到他还活着，我简直不相信自己的眼睛。 He hurt his foot by jumping over a fence. 他跨越栅栏时伤了脚。
⑨当用非谓语动词作宾语时
He likes studying English. 他喜欢学习英语
I wish to go there myself. 我想亲自去那里一趟注意：少数以不定式(短语)做宾语的动词(如agree, feel, decide, think等)可以变为被动句，但不能以不定式(短语)直接做被动句的主语，而要借助it为先行主语，将不定式(短语)置于谓语动词之后 He has decided to go and study abroad.
→It has been decided(by him)to go and study abroad. 他已决定出国留学。
5.含有短语动词在被动语态中介词不能丢
Much attention must be paid to your handwriting.
练习一：动词时态与语态（1）
1. When I saw Mary, she ______ on the piano.
A. is playing
B. plays
C. was playing
D. played
2. She ______ the door before she goes away.
A. had locked
B. is locking
C. has locked.
D. was locking.
3. A hunter is a man who ______ animals.
A. catch
B. catches
C. will catch
D. was catching
4. What _____ if I drink this?
A. happens
B. is happening
C. will happen
D. is happened
5. I will visit you if Father ______ me.
A. let
B. lets
C. is letting
D. will let
6. Look out! That tree _____ fall down.
A. is going to
B. will be
C. shall
D. would
7. My uncle _____ to see me. He'll be here soon.
A. comes
B. is coming
C. had come
D. came
8. They can't leave until they _____ their work.
A. did
B. are doing
C. have done
D. has done
9. "Has he seen this film?" " Yes. He ______ it several days ago. "
A. saw
B. has seen
C. had seen
D. was seeing
10. Now Mike isn't here. He ______ Mr Green's. Perhaps he ______ back in a few minutes.
A. went to; is coming
B. has gone to; will come
C. has been to; will be
D. is going to; has come
11. That day he ._______ his clothes before he came to see me.
A. has washed
B. washed
C. had been washing
D. was washed
12. I haven't finished my composition. I ______ for two hours and a half.
A. have written it
B. have been writing it
C. wrote it
D. am writting it
13. I will take my daughter with me when I _____ ShangHai,
A. go to
B. will go to
C. have been to
D. have gone to
14. This bright girl ______ the truth in front of the enemy.
A. didn't say
B. couldn't speak to
C. said
D. didn't tell
15. The bridge which ______ last year looks really beautiful.
A. was built
B. built
C. was set up
D. had been built
16. " When ______ school begin?" " Next Monday. "
A. has
B. does
C. did
D. is going to
17. I will ______ here till you give me some money.
A. leave
B. not leave
C. come
D. return
18. I _____ here since I moved here.
A. will work
B. worked
C. work
D. have been
working
19. Every time I _____ there, I will buy him something nice.
A. went
B. will go
C. go
D. have gone
20. It was said that his father ______.
A. has died
B. died.
C. has been dead
D. had died
21. We won't go unless you ______ soon.
A. had come
B. came
C. will come
D. come
22._____six years since I began studying English.
A. They have been
B. it is
C. It was
D. There are
23. They ______ the Summer Palace three times.
A. have gone to
B. have been to
C. have been in
D. have gone into
24. "How long haven't we seen each other? ""Well, it _____ nearly two years since we ______ last. "
A. is/have met
B. was/had met
C. is/met
D. has been/had met
25. "Have you seen the art exhibition?" "No, _____ there. "
A. it was not being held
B. they didn't hold
C. it had not held
D. they were holding it
26. Don't get off the bus until it ______.
A. stop
B. will stop
C. stopped
D. has stopped
27. "Where ______ the recorder? I can't see it anywhere." "I _____ it right here. But now it's gone. "
A. did you put/have put
B. have you put/put
C. had you put/was putting
D. were you putting/have put
28. They asked me to have a drink with them. I said that it was 10 years since I ______ a good drink.
A. had enjoyed
B. was enjoying
C. enjoyed
D. had been enjoying
29. Don't come tonight. I would rather you _____ tomorrow.
A. come
B. came
C. will come
D. coming
30. ______ you ______?
A. Do/marry
B. Have/married
C. Have/been married
D.
Are/married
31. When he ______ all the newspapers, he'll go home.
A. sells
B. has sold
C. will have sold
D. will be sold
32. "This cloth _____well and _____ long. ""Ok. I'll take it. "
A. washes/lasts
B. is washed/lasted
C. washes/is lasted
D. is washing/lasting
33. "Hurry up, you ______ on the phone. " "Oh, I'm coming. Thank you. "
A. are wanted
B. are being wanted
C. want
D. are wanting
34. I ______ see you, but I didn't, for I had no time.
A. had wanted to
B. has wanted to
C. wanted
D. was wanted
35. I ______ in Guang Zhou for six years by this October.
A. have lived
B. was living
C. will be living
D. shall have
lived
36. By this time next year he ______ from the college.
A. will be graduating
B. should be graduating
C. will have graduated
D. is graduating
37. Our teacher told us that the earth _____ from west to east.
A. turns
B. turn
C. has turned
D. had turned
38. My brother _____ while he _____ his bicycle and hurt himself.
A. fell/was riding
B. fell/were riding
C. had fallen/rode
D. had fallen/was riding
39. Bill said he ____ twenty-one the next year.
A. was going to be
B. was about to be
C. could be
D. was to be
40. It is high time you _____ in bed now.
A. are
B. were
C. will be
D. would be
41. After a while an agreement _____.
A. was arrived at
B. was arrived in
C. was arrived
D. has been arrived
42. The air liner from Beijing _____ at 3:00 p.m.
A. is about to arrive
B. has arrived
C. arrives
D. is going to arrive
43.______,that step is not safe!
A. Look around
B. Look up
C. Look out
D. Look down
44. "Have you _____ him to give up smoking?" "No. I _____, but he wouldn't listen."
A. persuaded/tried
B. tried/persuaded
C. tried/tried
D. persuaded/persuaded
45. The research laboratory is going to ______ the new type of computer to use.
A. take
B. make
C. put
D. send
46. I don't know when he ______, but when he ______, I'll let you know.
A. will come/comes
B. comes/will come
C. comes/comes
D. will come/will come
47. How much do you think that vase _____?
A. is cost
B. used
C. was paid for
D. cost
48. I _____ that he would be able to leave tomorrow, but it's beginning to look diffcult.
A. hope
B. had hoped
C. hoped
D. am hoping
49. “Come on, Peter, I want to show you something.”
“Oh, how nice of you, I _____ you _____ to bring me a gift.”
A. never think/are going
B. never thought/ were going
C. didn’t think/ are going
D. hadn’t thought/ were going
50. It’s a nice flat, but it _____ a proper bathroom.
A. haven’t got
B. hasn’t got
C. wouldn’t get
D. doesn’t have got
51. She had a shock when she heard the news, _____?
A. hadn’t she
B. didn’t she
C. wouldn’t she
D. won’t she
52. This liquid _____ the salt at room temperature.
A. became mixed with
B. was mixed by
C. mixes with
D. has been mixing by
练习二、动词时态与语态（2）
53. An exhibition of paintings ____ at the museum next week.
A. are to be held
B. is to be held
C. are holding
D. will hold
54. I'm sorry, sir. Your recorder isn't ready yet. It _____ in the factory.
A. is being repaired
B. is repaired
C. has been repaired
D. hasn't repaired
55. Every possible means , but none prove successful.
A. has tried
B. has been tried
C. is being tried
D. tried
56. _______ that they can pass the written exam this time.
A. That is hoped
B. It is hoped
C. That hopes
D. It hopes
57. My little sister has broken my watch. ---- My watch _____ by my little sister.
A. is broken
B. has broken
C. have been broken
D. has been broken
58. He was cleaning his room when I entered the house.
---- His room _____ by him when I entered the room.
A. was being cleaned
B. was cleaned
C. was being cleaning
D. has been cleaned
59. I shall have Finished reading the novel by dinner time.
---- This novel _____ reading (by me) by dinner time.
A. will have finished .
B. will has been finished
C. will have being finished
D. will have been finished
60. You ought to keep these three rooms clean. ----These three rooms ______ (by you).
A. are oughted to keep clean
B. ought to kept clean
C. ought to be kept clean
D. ought to have been kept
clean
61. You are about to write a poem, aren't you?
---- A poem _____ (by you), _____ ?
A. is about to be written, aren't you
B. is about to be writing, isn’t it
C. is about to be writing, aren't you
D. is about to be written, isn’t it
62. She had better leave a note to him. ---- A note _____ to him (by her).
A. had better left
B. had be better left
C. had better be left
D. had better been left
63. He doesn't do his homework every day. ---- His homework ______ by him every day.
A. doesn't be done
B. aren't done
C. don't be done
D. isn’t done
64. We must take care of our parents when they are old. ---- Our parents ______ when they are old.
A. must be taken care
B. must be took cars
C. must take care of
D. must be taken care of
65. People look down upon him because he is a liar. ---- He _____ because he is a liar.
A. is looked down
B. is looked down upon
C. looks down upon
D. looks down
66. Father will give me a dictionary on my birthday.
---- A dictionary ______ me by Father on my birthday.
A. shall be given to
B. will give
C. shall give to
D. will be giving to
67. We elected her leader. ---- She by us.
A. is elected leader
B. was leader elected
C. was elected leader
D. leader was elected
68. ---- People who live along this road receive their mail in these boxes.
---- Why are all of the______?
A. grey painted mailboxes
B. mailboxes grey painted
C. mailboxes painted grey
D. painted grey mailboxes
69. I saw him enter the room. ---- He ______ the room.
A. is seen enter
B. is seen to enter
C. was seen to enter
D. was seen enter
70. The question asked by him is hard _____ .
A. to answer
B. to be answered
C. to be answering
D. for answer
71. How sweet the music ______!
A. sounds to be
B. is sounded
C. is sounded to be
D. sounds
72. In warm weather fruit and meat ______ long.
A. don't keep
B. cannot be kept
C. are not kept
D. are not keeping
73. He received a telegram ___ "Mother Sick."
A. written
B. said
C. reading
D. writing
74. The classroom ______ 30 feet long.
A. measures
B. is measured
C. has
D. has length
75. Do you remember ______ ?
A. how it is done
B. it how to be done
C. How is it done by
D. how to do
76. to have been rich.
A. They say
B. It is said
C. He is said
D. That was said
77. Mathematics is difficult ______.
A. to learn
B. for learning
C. to be learned
D. of learning
78. My hair is so long that I must go to a barber's shop and______.
A. have to cut it
B. have it cut
C. get it to be cut
D. to cut it
79. The pencil ______ well.
A. writes
B. is written
C. was written
D. writing
80. ---- I can't see the blackboard very well. ---- Perhaps you need ______.
A. to examine your eyes
B. to have your eyes examined
C. to have examined your eyes
D. to be examined your eyes
81. ---- Where is the coffee table? ---- Tom just had it ____ away.
A. move
B. moving
C. moved
D. moves
82. Good medicine ______ to the mouth.
A. tastes bitter
B. tastes bitterly
C. is tasted bitter
D. is tasted bitterly
83. Which girl won the prize? _____
A. By which girl is the prize won?
B. Which girl was the prize won?
C. By which girl did she win the prize?
D. By which girl was the prize won?
84. --- Where did you get that handsome picture? ---- It was _____ by my father.
A. given for us
B. a gift to us
C. given to us
D. a gift for us
85. A young hen is ______ a chicken.
A. named
B. known
C. spelled
D. called
86. ---- How does Alma like her new work? ---- She ______ with the hour.
A. can't satisfy
B. isn't satisfied
C. doesn't satisfy
D. hasn't satisfied
87. ---- Why do you call your son Mouse? ---- He wants ______ by the name.
A. to call
B. to be called
C. to be calling
D. being called
88. His idea, though good, needs ______ out.
A. being tried
B. to try
C. tried
D. to be tried
89. The man living in the next door is known _____the police.
A. with
B. to
C. by
D. of
90. Cotton is first made ______ thread and then it was woven ______ cloth.
A. up of, up of
B. into, into
C. of, of
D. from, from
91. ______ here last night.
A. Something strange was happened
B. Strange something was happened
C. Something strange happened
D. Strange something happened
92. ---- I'd like to buy that coat. ---- I'm sorry, _____.
A. it was sold
B. it's selling
C. it's been sold
D. it had been sold
93. Gunpowder was discovered in the twelfth century, but_____.
A. man did not put it to use in war two hundred years liter
B. until two centuries more it was used in war
C. not used in war until two hundred years later
D. in war did not use it two hundred years afterwards
94. The five-year-old girl by her parents.
A. is looked
B. has looked for
C. is being looked for
D. has been looked
语法复习八：动词时态和语态
练习一、1~5 CCBCB 6~10 ABCAB 11~15 CBADA 16~20 BBDCD 21~25 DBBCA
26~30 DBABD 31~35 BAAAD 36~40 CAAAB 41~45 ACCAC 46~50 ADBBB
51~52 BC
练习二、53~55 BAB 56~60 BDADC 61~65 DCDDB 66~70 ACCCA 71~75 DACAA
76~80 CABAB 81~85 CADCD 86~90 BBDBB 91~94 CCCC
短文改错
Here is my idea about bow a friend is like. Firstly, 76. ____________
a friend is somecone you can share your secrets. If you 77. ____________
tell himse secret, never will he talks about it with anybody 78. ____________ else. Besides, a friend is always good listener when you 79. ____________ need one. Afther hear your sad stories, he will say some 80. ____________ words that is nice and warm. Still, your happiness makes 81. ____________ him happily too. What’s more, a good f riend is willing to 82. ____________ offer the help to which you need, or can at least give you 83. ____________ some advices, In a word, friends are those you like and 84. ____________ trust, and you will anioy every minute that. you spent with 85. ____________ them.
英语八种基本时态
英语八种基本时态 一．概念：英语中表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，需用不同的动词形式表示，这种不同的动词形式称为时态。 二．种类：（基本时态） 一般现在时一般过去时 现在进行时过去进行时 一般将来时过去将来时 现在完成时过去完成时 三．用法： 1．一般现在时： 1）一般现在时表示经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态及客观现实和普遍真理。 一般现在时常以动词原形表示，但当主语是第三人称单数时，动词词尾加-s 或-es。 2）句型结构：主语＋Ｖ.（包括be动词）＋宾语＋… She is an engineer. He has breakfast at 6:00every day. 3）注意： a)一般现在时通常与always , often , usually , every day , sometimes , once a week 等时间状语连用。 I always watch TV at 8:00 in the evening . They go home once a week . We usually do our homework at home . b)表客观现实或普遍真理。 The sun always rises in the east . The light travels faster than the sound . c)表永远性的动作或状态。 He lives in the country . 4）第三人称单数变化形式。 a)一般情况动词在词尾加-s . come---comes speak---speaks work---works live---lives b)以o, s, x, ch, sh结尾的单词在词后加-es. do---does go---goes finish---finishes brush---brushes fix---fixes pass---passes watch---watches c)以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的单词变y为i加-es. Study---studies carry-carries cry---cries
（精选+详解）高三英语名校试题汇编（第4期）专题7 动词的时 态和语态（教师版） 1.【苏锡常镇四市高三教学情况调研（一）】3 2. It’s true that we don’t know what we’ve got until we lose it, but it’s also true that we don’t know what we ________ until it arrives. A. had missed B. missed C. have been missing D. will have missed 2.【盐城市高三二模】2 3. Since the recent river pollution in Shanxi Province, people ____ more and more attention to the water quality. A. pay B. are paying C. have paid D. have been paying 【考点定位】考查动词的时态和语态。 3.【盐城市高三二模】33. —Can you get me some of the novels?
—By all means. All but one of them ____ in our company. A. published B. was published C. were p ublished D. had been published 4.【南京市二模】28. Since the band announced the release of their new album, the phone hasn’t stopped ringing. Many fans ________ to ask about the exact time. A. were calling B. had called C. are calling D. call 5.【南京市二模】22. —The heavy snow hasn’t caused my inconvenience to people in Nanjing, has it?
英语八种时态讲解-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1
英语八大基本时态和被动语态要点指南 英语八大基本时态 一、一般现在时 定义：经常、反复发生的动作、行为及现在的某种状况。 结构：①am（第一人称单数）/is（第三人称单数）/are（其他人称）; ②has (第三人称单数)have(其他人称) ③行为动词，除了第三人称单数要由动词原形词尾-s /-es /y变为i，-es; 其他概用动词原形 时间状语：always（“总是，一直”，反义词为never）, usually（“通常如此，很少例外”，反义词为unusually）, often（“经常、常常，动 作重复，但中有间断”，反义词为never）, sometimes（“有时、不 时，动作偶然，常有间断”）, seldom（“很少，不常”）, never （“从不，未曾”）, forever（永远）, every week (day, year, month…)（每周，每天，每年，每月…）, once a week（一周一次）, on Sundays（在每个星期天）,now and then(时常) from time to time (不时地)，in the morning(afternoon, evening…)(在上午，在下午，在 晚上…) etc. Tips：（频度副词频率由高到低）always> usually > often > sometimes >Seldom > never 通常说来，always表示100%，usually表 示80%，often表示60%，sometimes表示40%，seldom表示20%， never表示0%。 否定式：①am/is/are+ not;②谓语动词若为行为动词，则在动词前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。（即后边的行 为动词用原形） 一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首，且用be动词回答；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。 用什么样助动词提问，就用相应助动词回答 用法：A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况或主语具有的状态和特征。 B) 习惯用语。 C) 经常性、习惯性动作。 D) 客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则 无法保持主句、从句时态一致。 E) 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，（仅限于某些表示 “come、go、start、leave 、stay、arrive、return、begin、be”等的 动词）可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。常见的用法是：飞 机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。 例：The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon. 下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。）
易错题汇编：动词时态与语态 一．The twins, Who their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground. A. will finish B. finish C. have finished D. had finished 【考点】考察时态 【答案】D 【解析】句义：已经完成了他们的家庭作业，这对双胞胎被允许在操场上打羽毛球。根据句义可知他们完成作业是在被允许到操场上打羽毛球之前。而他们被允许打羽毛球已经使用了一般过去时，所以完成作业应该使用过去完成时。故D 正确。 【举一反三】--- Peter, do you know who____ my dictionary ? ---Sorry , I don’t know . I didn’t do it . A. has taken away B. was taking away C. had taken away D. is taking away 【答案】A 试题分析：句意：--皮特，你知道谁把我的字典拿走了吗？--对不起，我不知道，我没有拿。这里拿走发生在过去，强调对现在造成的影响，不知在什么地方，故用现在完成时。 二. ---Hi, let’s go skating. --- Sorry, I’m busy right now. I _______ in an application form for a new job. A. fill B. have filled C. am filling D. will fill 【考点】考察时态 【答案】C 【解析】句意：—喂，我们五滑冰吧！—对不起，我现在很忙，我正在填写一份新的工作申请表。根据句意可知本句是在叙述说话时正在进行，正在发生的事情，所以使用现在进行时。故C正确。
英语时态 初中阶段应掌握的时态共有八种，即一般现在时，一般将来时，一般过去时，现在进行时，过去进行时，过去将来时，现在完成时，过去完成时。现从结构，作用，时间状语三方面加以介绍。 一、一般现在时 其结构为：be动词肯定句主语+am，is，are+其它。 否定句主语+am，is，are + not+其它。 一般疑问句 Am，Is，Are+主语+其它？ 特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+am，is，are+主语+其它？ 实意动词1）主语为第一，二人称及第三人称复数时 肯定句主语+动词原形+其它。 否定句主语+don't+动词原形+其它。 一般疑问句 Do +主语+动词原形+其它？ 特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+do+主语+动词原形+其它？ 2）主语为第三人称单数时 肯定句主语+动词第三人称单数 +其它。 否定句主语+doesn't+动词原形+其它。 一般疑问句 Does+主语+动词原形+其它？ 特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+does+主语+动词原形+其它？ 其作用为：表示习惯性，经常性的动作；表示现在的状态与特征；表示普遍真理 其常用时间状语为often，always，usually，sometimes，everyday(week，year...), in the morning （afternoon，evening）等。 Ex . 1. _______ she _______ (go)to the library every Sunday? 此题为习惯性动作，答案为Does，go. 2.They often _______(swim)in summer. 此题为经常性动作，答案为swim. 3.______(be)everyone here? 此题表示现在的状态,答案为Is. 4.The earth______(travel) round the sun. 此题表示普遍真理,答案为travels. 二、一般过去时 其结构为：be动词肯定句主语+was，were+其它。 否定句主语+was，were + not+其它。 一般疑问句 Was，Were+主语+其它？ 特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+was，were+主语+其它？
高中英语动词时态和语态专项练习题 1 (2002全国高考题)—You haven’t said a word about my new coat，Brenda.Do you like it? —I’m sorry I ________ anything about it sooner.I certainly think it’s pretty on you. A.wasn’t saying B.don’t say C.won’t say D.didn’t say 2.(2002全国高考题)I wonder why Jenny ________us recently.We should have heard from her by now. A.hasn’t written B.doesn’t write C.won’t write D.hadn’t written 3.(2003北京春季高考题)—When will you come to see me，Dad? —I will go to see you when you ________ the training course. A.will have finished B.will finish C.are finishing D.finish 4.(2003北京春季高考题)—How long ________ at this job? —Since 1990. A.were you employed B.have you been employed C.had you been employed D.will you be employed 5.(2003上海春季高考题)By the end of last year，another new gymnasium ________ in Beijing. A.would be completed B.was being completed C.has been completed D.had been completed 6.(2002北京高考题)The little girl ________her heart out because she ________ her toy bear and believed she wasn’t ever going to find it. A.had cried; lost B.cried; had lost C.has cried; has lost D.cries; has lost 7.(2002北京高考题)—Excuse me，sir.Would you do me a favor? —Of course.What is it? —I ________ if you could tell me how to fill out this form. A.had wondered B.was wondering C.would wonder D.did wonder 8.(2002上海高考题)He will have learned English for eight years by the time he ________ from the university next year. A.will graduate B.will have graduated C.graduates D.is to graduate 9.(2002上海高考题)I feel it is your husband who ________for the spoiled child. A.is to blame B.is going to blame C.is to be blame D.should blame 10.He has been writing the composition the whole morning and he still ________. A.has been B.does C.has D.is 11.If city noises ________ from increasing，people ________ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now. A.are not kept; will have to B.are not kept; have to C.do not keep; will have to D.do not keep; have to 12.The price ________，but I doubt whether it will remain so. A.went down B.will go down C.has gone down D.was going down 13.—How long ________ each other before they ________ married? —For about a year. A.have they known; get B.did they know; get C.do they know; are going to get D.had they known; got 14.You can’t move in right now.The house ________. A.has painted B.is painted C.is being painted D.is painting
常见的八种英语时态详解 时态（Tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此，当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。英语时态分为16种 1. 一般现在时 基本结构：①be动词am/is/are；②行为动词原形或单数第三人称。 否定形式：①am ／is ／are ＋________；②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加_________，如主语为第三人称单数，则用___________，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，用does，同时，还原行为动词。 提示词：always , everyday , often , once a week (month , year , etc.) , sometimes , seldom , usually 1) 描述当前时间内经常出现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。 She doesn't often write to her family, only once a month. It seldom rains here .这儿很少下雨。 2）仅为了描述状态、性质、特征、能力等等。 这里的目的是为了"描述现阶段的动作或状态"，其重点"不是强调动作发生的时间、或进行的状态"。例如：
He can speak five foreign languages . Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 3) 陈述客观事实、客观真理。 The earth goes around the sun .地球绕着太阳转。 4) 根据英文语法规定，当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，那么时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。例如： I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。 If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 5）现在时的特殊用法：一般现在时表过去 1. 用于某些动词(tell, say, hear, learn, gather等)表示不确定的过去时间。如： I hear that he got married last month. 我听说他上个月结婚了。 Mary says you told her to come over here. 玛丽说是你让她到这儿来的。 2. 当要陈述一个客观事实时，有时即使有过去时间状语也可用一般现在时。如： The story is set in the summer of 1937. 故事的背景是1937年夏天。 The story begins in the year 1937. 故事开始于1937年。 练习 1)He always _____ ( get）up early. 2)Mary often ______（do）some shopping on Sundays 3).I’ll go with you as soon as I_______（finish)my homework. 4)If he _______(come) here, I will tell you 5）The earth ________( move) round the sun. 6)Tom sometimes ________(have) lunch at school. 7)Lily usually ________(fly) kites on weekends.
英语动词时态语态知识点详解 一般现在时 主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等。 例句： He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. She has a brother who lives in New York. The earth goes around the sun. Guangzhou is situated in the south of China. 考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。 I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有： 时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/ the minute, the day; 条件：if, unless, provided. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. 考点三：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter+宾语从句中，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment. 只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。 考点四：在the more…the more…(越……越……) 的句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句通常用一般现在时。 The harder you study, the better results you will get. 现在进行时 表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动：表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。 例句： We are having English class. The house is being built these days. The little boy is always making trouble. 考点一：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。 Look out when you are crossing the street. Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning. 考点二：表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。Marry is leaving on Friday.
英语八种动词时态讲解 1、一般现在时 主要用于下面几情况： 1) 描述当前时间内经常出现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。在这种情景中，句子常带有表示频率的时间状语：always , everyday , often , once a week (month , year , etc.) , sometimes , seldom , usually等等，以表示句中的动作或状态是习惯性的、经常性的。例如： They raise ducks as a sideline .他们以养鸭为副业。 She doesn't often write to her family, only once a month. 她不常给家里写信，仅一月一封而已。 I cycle to work every day .我每天骑自行车上班。 It seldom rains here .这儿很少下雨。 2）仅为了描述状态、性质、特征、能力等等。这里的目的是为了"描述现阶段的动作或状态"，其重点"不是强调动作发生的时间、或进行的状态"。 例如: He can speak five foreign languages .他能说五种外语。 That is a beautiful city .那是座美丽的城市。 Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 长江是世界上最长的河流之一。 She majors in music .她主修音乐。 All my family love football .我全家人都喜欢足球。 My sister is always ready to help others . 我妹妹总是乐于助人。 3) 陈述客观事实、客观真理。顾名思义，客观的情况是"没有时间概念"的；也"不会在意动作进行的状态"。 例如： The sun rises in the east .日出东方。 The earth goes around the sun .地球绕着太阳转。 Ten minus two is eight.十减二等于八。Light travels faster than sound .光的速度比声音的速度快。 The United States lies by the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. 美国位于太平洋西岸。 4) 根据英文语法规定，当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，那么时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。 例如： I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。 If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 如果你接受这份工作，他们将和你谈谈细节。 用于一般现在时的副词，除了上面提到的一些表示频率的以外，常见的还有：now, today , nowadays等等。 2、一般过去时 主要是用来描述在过去某个时候发生的动作或存在的状态。它也可以用来表示在过去某段时间里经常发生的习惯性动作。这一点在表达意义上与一般现在时相同，只是所在的时间区域不同而已。由于它的主要作用如此，所以在使用一般过去时的句子里常常有一个意义较具体的过去时间状语。这也是它与现在完成时的最大区别之一。 一般过去时由谓语动词的过去式表示，也就是说动词词末要加-ed（除不规则动词
2020届高三好教育精准培优专练 培优点一动词的时态和语态 一、真题在线 1.（2019·江苏卷·单项选择）A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith ___________ in love with the people and culture there. A. would fall B. had fallen C. has fallen D. fell 【答案】D 【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：他到中国几个月后，就喜欢上了那里的人和文化。发生在had arrived 之后的动作或状态应用一般过去时。故选D。 2.（2019·江苏卷·单项选择）They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals _________ by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics. A. will install B. will have been installed C. are installed D. have been installed 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：他们正努力确保在2022年北京冬奥会之前安装5G终端。表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作，用将来完成时。“5G终端”和“安装”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选B。 3.（2019·江苏卷·单项选择）The musician along with his band members ___________ ten performances in the last three months. A. gives B. has given C. have given D. give 【答案】B 【解析】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：在过去的三个月里，这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。由in the last three months可知，这句话的时态为现在完成时，故排除AD选项。本句主语为the musician，为第三人称单数形式，句中的along with his band members是附加成分，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故选B。 4.（2019·天津卷·单项选择）___________ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it. A. had hoped B. am hoping C. have hoped D. would hope
动词的时态和语态用法详解 在英语中，不同时间里发生的动作或存在的状态需要用动词的不同形式表示出来，动词的这种不同 形式就构成了动词的时态。 英语中的时态按动作发生时间分为现在时态、过去时态、将来时态 二、常见时态的基本用法 1. 一般现在时：一般现在时是描述现在或经常性的动作性质或状态的时态。常和表示频率、时间的副词 （短语） always, every time, now and the n, occasi on ally, often, seldom, sometimes, usually 连用。 1） 表示经常性或习惯性的动作。 We have three meals a day. 2） 表示客观事实、真理和自然现象。 Kno wledge is power. 3）表示现在的情况或状态。 I live in Beiji ng. 4）表示已经“列入日程”的将来的事件，尤其指计划中的和安排好的将来的动作，这些动词往往表示“出 发，到达”等含义 的词， 女口， arrive, begin, go, leave, start, stay 等。 The train arrives at 10:30. There's ple nty of time. 。 考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。 如: I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, on ce, the mome nt/the minu te, the day; 条件：if, uni ess, provided. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. 考点三：在 make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter 替一般将来时。 So long as he works hard, I don ' t mind when he finish 考点四：在 the more …the more …(越 ..................... 越 ... )句型中 在时。 The harder you study, the better results you will get. 2. 一般过去时：一般过去时表示过去发生的动作、存在的状态，或反复发生的动作，句中一般都有表示 过去具体时间的时间 状语。 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或状态。 此时与表示过去的时间状语连用， 如yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1998 等。 +宾语从句，从句用一般现在时代 es the experime nt. ,若主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现
英语时态8种基本时态讲解 一．概念：英语中表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，需用不同的动词形式表示，这种不同的动词形式称为时态。 二．种类：（基本时态） 一般现在时一般过去时 现在进行时过去进行时 一般将来时过去将来时 现在完成时过去完成时 三．用法： 1）一般现在时表示经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态及客观现实和普遍真理。 一般现在时常以动词原形表示，但当主语是第三人称单数时，动词词尾加-s或-es。 2）句型结构：主语＋Ｖ.（包括be动词）＋宾语＋… She is an engineer. He has breakfast at 6:00every day. 3）注意：一般现在时通常与always , often , usually , every day , sometimes , once a week 等时间状语连用。 1）一般过去时表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态，通常与表示过去的时间状语yesterday, last night ,some years ago, in 1990,in those days.等连用。 I was a student 6 years ago. 2）句型结构：主语＋Ｖ.过去时＋宾语＋…例句：昨天他很忙 3）否定句和疑问句。a)----He was busy yesterday. -----He wasn’t busy. -----Was he busy?-----Yes, he was./ No, he wasn’t.
4）动词过去式变化规则。 a)一般情况下的词加-ed. work---worked call----called b)以不发音的字母e结尾的单词直接加-d . live----lived change----changed smoke----smoked die----died graduate----graduated drive----drove c)以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的单词，变y为i加-ed. study----studied carry----carried cry----cried try----tried marry----married d)以“元音字母＋y”结尾的单词直接加-ed. play----played stay----stayed e)以“一个元音字母＋一个辅音字母”结尾的单词应先双写这个辅音字母然后再加-ed. stop----stopped plan----planned pat----patted f)动词不规则变化： do----did go----went come----came run----ran write----wrote begin----began drink----drank keep----kept leave----left sleep----slept make----made lie----lay dig----dug eat----ate know----knew cut----cut set----set let----let read----read hurt----hurt 例句：我前天拿走了这本书。 去年我买了一辆自行车。 每天晚上我听音乐。 表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表将来的时间状语tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next Sunday, soon, in a few days等连用。
教学过程 一、复习预习 教师引导学生复习上节课所学的知识点，（以提问、回顾的形式进行），针对上节课的作业进行讲评、订正、答疑 二、知识讲解 考点/易错点1 1.主要时态的考查 1．一般现在时 (1)表示现在的状态以及经常性或习惯性的动作。
He often gets up at six in the morning. 他经常早上6点起床。 (2)表示客观事实或普遍真理。 As we know, light travels faster than sound. 众所周知，光比声音传播得快。 (3)在时间、条件或让步状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来。 As long as it doesn't rain tomorrow, we'll have a trip on schedule. 只要明天不下雨，我们就按原计划旅行。 (4)常用来表示按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作，只限于表示起止的动词如go，come，arrive, leave，start，fly，return等。 The live football match starts at 9 o'clock this evening.足球实况转播今晚9点钟开始。 2．一般过去时 (1)表示过去的事情、动作或状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用。 Long long ago, there was a war between birds and beasts. 很久很久以前，鸟类和兽类发生过一场战争。 (2)表示说话人原来没有料到、想到的事。 I didn't know you were here. How long have you been here？我不知道你在这里，你来了多久了？ 3．一般将来时 (1)表示将来的动作或状态常用will/shall＋动词原形，will还表示临时做出的决定。 —The light is still on. 灯还亮着。
英语中常见得八种基本时态 一、一般现在时: ?１。概念:经常、反复发生得动作或行为及现在得某种状况。 ?２、时间状语: aｌways, uｓualｌy, ｏfｔeｎ, ｓoｍetimｅs, ｅverｙweek (dａy, ｙear, month…), once a week, oｎSｕｎdays, ?３.基本结构:动词原形(如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要加(e)S) 4??。否定形式:am／ｉs／are+not;此时态得谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doeｓn’t,同时还原行为动词。 ?5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词dｏ提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。6??、例句:。It ｓeldoｍｓnoｗs herｅ。? Ｈe is alwａys reａdｙtｏheｌp others。 Action sｐeakｓlouｄeｒｔhan worｄs。 ?二、一般过去时: 1??。概念:过去某个时间里发生得动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性得动作、行为。? 2。时间状语:ago, yｅsteｒdaｙ, thｅday before ｙesｔerｄaｙ, ｌaｓｔｗeeｋ(ｙeａr, night, mｏnth…), iｎ1９89, just now, at the age oｆ5, ｏne day, lonｇloｎg agｏ, once upoｎa tiｍe, ｅtc。??３、基本结构:bｅ动词;行为动词? 4。否定形式:was/were+not;在行为动词前加diｄｎ’ｔ,同时还原行为动词。? ５。一般疑问句:waｓ或ｗerｅ放于句首;用助动词dｏ得过去式ｄｉd 提问,同时还原行为动词。
英语时态8种基本时态讲解 一．概念： 英语中表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，需用不同的动词形式表示，这种不同的动词形式称为时态。 二．种类：（基本时态） 一般现在时一般过去时 现在进行时过去进行时 一般将来时过去将来时 现在完成时过去完成时 三．用法： （1）一般现在时表示经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态及客观现实和普遍真理。 一般现在时常以动词原形表示，但当主语是第三人称单数时，动词词尾加-s或-es。 （2）句型结构：主语＋Ｖ.（包括be动词）＋宾语＋… She is an engineer. He has breakfast at 6:00every day. （3）注意： 1）一般现在时通常与always , often , usually , every day , sometimes , once a week 等时间状语连用。 I always watch TV at 8:00 in the evening . They go home once a week . We usually do our homework at home . 2）表客观现实或普遍真理。 The sun always rises in the east . The light travels faster than the sound . 3）表永远性的动作或状态。 He lives in the country .
（4）否定句和疑问句。 1）-----He is an engineer. -----He isn’t an engineer. -----Is he an engineer? -----Yes, he is ./ No, he isn’t. 2）----We get up at 7:30 in the morning . -----We don’t get up at 7:30 in the morning . -----Do you get up at 7:30 in the morning ? -----Yes, we do. / No, we don’t. 3）----He likes music. -----He doesn’t like music. -----Does he like music? -----Yes ,he does./ No, he d oesn’t . （1）一般过去时表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态，通常与表示过去的时间状语yesterday, last night ,some years ago, in 1990,in those days.等连用。 I was a student 6years ago. I went to Beijing last year. They saw a film last night . （2）句型结构：主语＋Ｖ.过去时＋宾语＋… 例句：昨天他很忙。 去年他抽烟了。 两年前他去参军了。 他在1990年去世了。 （3）否定句和疑问句。 a)----He was busy yesterday. -----He wasn’t busy. -----Was he busy?