[标签:标题] 篇一：2015汉译英句子翻译(包括参考译文) 2015年汉译英综合练习 1. 她就是这样风里来，雨里去，成年累月地工作着。 This is how she carries on her work, rain or shine, all the year round. 2. 西湖如明镜，千峰凝翠，洞壑幽深，风光奇丽。 The West Lake is like a mirror, embellished all around with emerald hills and deep caves of enchanting beauty. 3. 但我就是这个脾气，虽然几经努力，却未能改变过来。 But it’s the way I am, and try as I might, I haven’t been able to change it. 4. 一踏上中华人民共和国国土，我们就随时随地地受到关怀和照顾。 From the moment we stepped into the People’s Republic of China, care and kindness surrounded us on every side. 5. 袭人道：“一百年还记得呢！比不得你，拿着我的话当耳边风，夜里说了，早起就忘了。”“I’ll remember it if I live to be a hundred!”said Aroma. “I am not like you, letting what I say go in at one ear and out at the other forgetting what’s said at night by the next morning.” 6. 要制造飞机，就必须仔细考虑空气阻力问题。 Air resistance must be given careful consideration when the aircraft is to be made. 7. 为什么总把这些麻烦事推给我呢？ Why should all the unpleasant jobs be pushed onto me? 8. 只有在我过于劳累，在我长时间无间断地工作，在我感到内心空虚，需要补充精神营养 的时候，我才感到寂寞。 I am lonely when I am overtired, when I have worked too long without a break, when for the time being I feel empty and need filling up. 9. 中国成功地爆炸了第一颗原子弹，在全世界引起了巨大的反响。 The successful explosion of the first atomic bomb in China caused great repercussions all over the world. 10. 我们应该实行国民经济信息化和科研成果产业化。 We should build an information-based national economy and apply scientific research achievements to industrial production. 11. 你说的倒轻巧，你也给我捧个奖杯回来。 You talk as if it were very simple. Why not try yourself and see if you can bring back a trophy, too? 12. 中国应该用实践向世界表明，中国反对霸权主义、强权政治、永不称霸。 China should show the world through actions that she is opposed to hegemonism and power politics and will never seek hegemony. 13. 中国明朝的著名旅行家徐霞客一生周游考察了16个省，足迹几乎遍布全国。 Xu Xiake, a great traveler in China’s Ming Dynasty, visited 16 provinces in his lifetime, leaving his footprints in nearly every corner of the country. 14. 阿Q将衣服摔在地上，吐一口唾沫，说：“这毛虫”！ Ah Q flung his jacket on the ground, spat, and swore, “Hairy worm!”
原文 巷 柯灵译者-张培基 巷，是城市建筑艺术中一篇飘逸恬静的散文，一幅古雅冲淡的图画①。这种巷，常在江南的小城市中，有如古代的少女，躲在僻静的深闺，轻易不肯抛头露面②。你要在这种城市里住久了,和它真正成了莫逆，你才有机会看见她③，接触到她优娴贞静的风度。 人耐心静静走去，要老半天才走完。它又这么曲折, 什么时候，你向巷中踅去，都如宁静的黄昏，可以清晰地听到自己的 斑斑驳驳的苔痕，墙上挂着一串串苍翠欲滴 的藤萝，简直像古朴的屏风。春来 小巷的动人处就是它无比的悠闲。无论是谁， 你的心情就会如巷尾不波的古井，那是一种和平的静穆，而不是阴森和肃杀⑩。它闹中取静，别有天地，仍是人间。它可能是一条现代的乌衣巷(11)，家家有自 己的一本哀乐帐， 使人忘忧。 译文 The Lane Ke Ling The lane, in terms of the art of urban architecture, is like a piece of prose of gentle gracefulness or a painting of classic elegance and simplicity①.
a small the lane, a maiden of ancient times hidden away in a secluded boudoir, is reluctant to make its appearance long time.③ The does not taste of the countryside at all. It is long and deep, so it will take you a long while to walk patiently and quietly through it from end to end. It is also so winding that it seems ⑤when you look far ahead, but if you keep walking until you take a turning, you’ll find it again lying endless and still more quiet. There is nothing but stillness there⑥. At any hour of day, you can even distinctly hear in the , which, moss-covered and hung with clusters of fresh green wisteria, look almost like screens of primitive simplicity. Inside the walls are residents’ gardens with In spring, beautiful peach and apricot blossoms atop the walls, ⑧waving their red sleeves, will sway hospitably to beckon the pedestrians. The charm of the lane lies in its absolute serenity. No matter who you are, if you in the lane for a while⑨, your mind will become as unruffled as the ancient well at the end of the lane. There you will a kind of peaceful calmness rather than gloomy sternness⑩. There reigns peace and quiet in the midst of noisy bustle. It is a world of its own on earth. It may be a modern (11)where each family, secluded behind closed doors, has its own covered-up story of （12）The all-pervading and all-purifying atmosphere of water-like placidness makes one forget all cares and worries.
三、汉译英专项练习答案及解析 一、倍数增减的表示法 1)is 2.5 times greater than Force N2 （考点：倍数+ 形容词/副词比较级+ than） 2)reacts three times as fast as the other one （考点：倍数+ as + 形容词/副词+ as） 3)is 49 times the size of the moon （考点：倍数+ 名词） 4)wants to raise the rent by a third （考点：动词+ by + 数词/百分比/倍数） 5)plan to double their investment （考点：double + 名词） 二、时态 1)or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church （考点：将来完成时） 2)the children had fallen asleep （考点：过去完成时） 3)my sister will be taking her vacation at the seaside （考点：将来进行时） 4)have been revising my resume all the morning （考点：现在完成进行时） 5)No. It has been five years since I went on holiday （考点：It has been … since sb. did sth. 表示某人有多长时间没有做某事了） 6)He has been in the army for 5 years （考点：1. 现在完成时；2.要用持续性动词才能接一段时间） 三、被动语态 1)is being replaced by the computer and the projector （考点：被动语态的现在进行时） 2)will have been published by the end of this year （考点：被动语态的将来完成时） 3)can be used to demonstrate the way that cells work （考点：1. 被动语态与情态动词联用; 2. 汉语有些没有“被”字等标志词的句子也表示被动, 要译成英语的被动语态） 4)I was startled, for the prices were a great deal higher than I had anticipated （考点：同“3”的考点2） 5)Effective measures must be taken immediately （考点：汉语的无主句通常翻译成英语的被动语态） 四、情态动词 1)but there is no answer. She can’t be at home （考点：情态动词可以表示可能性，can’t 表示“一定不”）
汉英翻译篇章练习 Practice 1 近读报纸，对国内名片和请柬的议论颇多，于是想起客居巴黎时经常见到的法国人手中的名片和请柬，随笔记下来，似乎不无借鉴之处。 在巴黎，名目繁多的酒会、冷餐会是广交朋友的好机会。在这种场合陌生人相识，如果是亚洲人，他们往往开口之前先毕恭毕敬地用双手把自己的名片呈递给对方，这好像是不可缺少的礼节。然而，法国人一般却都不大主动递送名片，双方见面寒喧几句甚至海阔天空地聊一番也就各自走开。只有当双方谈话投机，希望继续交往时，才会主动掏出名片。二话不说先递名片反倒有些勉强。 法国人的名片讲究朴素大方，印制精美，但很少有镶金边儿的，闪光多色的或带香味儿的，名片上的字体纤细秀丽，本人的名字也不过分突出，整张纸片上空白很大，毫无拥挤不堪的感觉。 Practice 2 我想,教师要给学生的,是一把开启知识宝库的钥匙,而不是把 学生的脑子变成一个容器。教师的工作是启发学生,通过自己的思考、实践、试验去求得知识,鼓励他们大胆提出问题和不同意见。经过研讨,得出自己的结论,而不是由教师包办代替。 我喜欢那些爱提“怪”问题的学生。提不出问题的,不能算是好学生。
其实,学习就是一个不断出错误和改正错误的过程。年轻人要学,我们自己也要学。一句话,教育是要使人从无知变成有知,从愚 昧变成聪明,从野蛮变成文明,而不是相反。 就说这流行音乐吧,我就不如年轻人懂得多。我有个习惯,自己不懂得东西，绝不轻易反对,而是努力去学懂它。 你看吧,大街上姑娘们大声谈笑,我行我素；小伙子也穿红戴绿。中国人胆子大起来了，不那么缩头缩脑了。你还能拿年轻人头发长短、裤脚大小来衡量谁是好学生谁是坏学生吗？ Practice 3 我所追求的幸福 在西方流传着一句据说是来自古老中国的谚语，只是我在中国从未听说 过：“如果你想要几小时的幸福，就去喝醉酒；如果你想要三年的幸福，就 去结婚；如果你想要一辈子的幸福，就去做个园丁。”他们对园丁能一辈子 幸福的解释是：“做有用的事，与自然融合，对身体的锻炼和每天都会有新 的喜悦。” 我看到过一份美国某大学对“幸福”的研究课题报告，对幸福下的定义 是：“主观地感到适意的程度”，具体地说是“对自己的生活感到有意义， 满意和舒适的一种积极的状态”。这种感觉应当是有持续性的。 许多人以为休闲是很大的幸福，但调查显示：大部分感到幸福的人是在 工作中，是那些因工作而特别忙碌的人而不是有太多休闲时间的人。幸福不 意味着“得到我想要的东西”，而是“想要我们得到的东西”。人有时不 珍惜自己已经有的却总去想那些得不到的东西。就像有些男人宁愿想象出五 十个梦中情人而不和他身边那一个女人实实在在地生活。 幸福是一种使两者平衡的游戏：我们已有的和我们想要的，即愿意和可 能性之间的。最后他们得出的结论：“幸福的人是一个有远大目标同时不忘 记自己是生活在现在的人；一个选择对自己的才能和可能性有挑战的人；一
B5M1(句子翻译) 1.It_doesn’t_matter_whether you will attend the party or not. 你来不来参加派对并不重要。 2.Many students are hot on playing computer games, while Wang Chen likes playing Weiqi. 许多学生热衷于电脑游戏，而王琛却喜欢下围棋。 .They have a lot in common and get along well with each other. 3.他们有很多相同之处，相处得很融洽。 .They are twin sisters, yet they have_little_in_common in their hobbies. 4.她们是孪生姐妹，但是她们的业余爱好几乎没有相同之处。 .In_common_with other companies, they advertise widely as well. 5.和其他公司一样，他们也广泛地做广告。 .One false step will make a great difference. 6.失之毫厘，谬以千里。 .The twins look so similar that you can hardly tell_the_difference_between them. 7.这对双胞胎看起来太像了，你简直无法把他们区分开来。 .It might be obvious to you, but it isn’t to me. 8.这对你来说也许很容易理解，但对我却并非如此。 .It_is_obvious_that the two Englishes have much in common. 9.很显然，这两种英语有很多共同之处。 .Obviously (obvious), American spelling is simpler than British spelling. 10很显然，美式拼写要比英式拼写简单。 .Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news gets around quickly. 11.好事不出门，坏事传千里。 .It’s time I got down to some serious work. 12.我该认真干点正事了。 .I tried ringing you several times yesterday but I couldn’t get through. 13.昨天我试着给你打过几次电话，但是没有打通。 .A man in confusion (confuse) cannot focus on the required work. 14.思绪混乱的人不可能集中精力做他被要求做的工作。 ③The confused look on his face suggested that he was confused about the confusing questions asked
teacher looked at me with_tears_in_her_eyes. 老师看着我，眼里含着泪水。 was_reading attentively in my own room when suddenly he knocked at the door. 我正在聚精会神地在我自己的房间里读书，这时他突然敲门。 cute girl’s job as an accountant is satisfying, in her mother’s opinion. 在她妈妈看来，这个漂亮姑娘的会计工作很令人满意。Much_to_my_satisfaction,_you have been admitted by a key university. 令我非常满意的是，你被一所重点大学录取了。policeman stood in the middle of the road, directing the traffic. 一名警察站在路中央指挥交通。 was so kind that he directed me to the museum. 他太好了，给我指了去博物馆的路。 sometimes have no sense of direction (direct) when I arrive at the crossroads. 当我到达十字路口时，我有时没有方向感。 husband rushed to the hospital directly (direct) he heard
that his wife was injured. 丈夫一听到他的妻子受伤了就匆忙赶往医院。husband was always there and she just took him for granted. 她丈夫随时都在身边，她只是认为他理应如此。 on the Internet may have a bad effect on your study. 网上聊天可能会对你的学习产生不良影响。 ’s said that the son will take over the company after the father’s retirement. 据说(那位)父亲退休以后将由儿子接管公司。 singing career took off after her TV appearance. 她在电视上亮相后她的歌唱事业迅速腾飞。 you know the lady with a baby in her arms 你认识那位抱小孩儿的女士吗 walked back to the bus stop, with him following (follow) her. 她走回汽车站，他跟在她后面。 him taken (take) good care of, we all felt quite relieved. 他被照顾得很好，我们都感到很欣慰。 a lot of homework to_finish (finish), I have no time to go shopping with you.
Chapter 13 英汉长句的翻译 Translation of English Long Sentences 1. 何谓长句 所谓长句，主要指语法结构复杂、修饰成分较多、内容层次在两个或两个以上的复合句，亦可指含义较多的简单句。 2、汉英长句比较 英、汉两种语言在句法上存在差异,英语多为形合句,汉语多为意合句。汉语句子多属于紧缩型,英语的句子多属于扩展型.英语修辞语位置相对灵活,前置后置,比较自如,尤其倾向于后置,十分有利于句子的扩展。英语句子较长,且较多使用关联词和从句。多种从句(主语、状语、定语、表语从句)并存的长句比比皆是。因为英语结构复杂,层次变化多样,容易产生误解,所以英语长句翻译成为难点。 3、英语长句的分析 在分析长句时可以采用下面的方法: (1) 找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语（主干/句）, 从整体上把握句子的结构。 (2) 找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语动词、介词短语和从句的引导词。 (3) 分析从句和短语的功能, 例如, 是否为主语从句, 宾语从句, 表语从句等,若是状语, 它是表示时间、原因、结果、还是表示条件等等)。 (4) 分析词、短语和从句之间的相互关系, 例如, 定语从句所修饰的先行词是哪一个等。 (5) 注意插入语等其他成分。 例：Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development. Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development. 分析: (1) 该句的主语为behaviorists, 谓语为suggest, 宾语为一个从句, 因此整个句子为Behaviorist suggest that-clause 结构。 (2) 该句共有五个谓语结构, 它们的谓语动词分别为suggest, is raised, are, develop, experience等。 译文：行为主义者认为, 如果儿童的成长环境里有许多刺激因素, 这些因素又有利于其适当反应能力的发展, 那么, 儿童的智力就会发展到较高的水平 4. 翻译方法 4 . 1 顺译法Synchronizing 有些英语长句叙述的一连串动作按发生的时间先后安排，或按逻辑关系安排，与汉语的表达方式比较一致，可按原文顺序译出。 例（1）In international buying and selling of goods, there are a number of risks, which, if they occur, will involve traders in financial losses. (在)国际贸易货物的买卖(中)存在着各种各样的风险，这些风险的发生将会给(有关的)商人们带来经济损失。 例（2） (1)In Africa I met a boy,(2) who was crying as if his heart would break and said,(3)when I spoke
英译汉篇章翻译练习（2） Proverbs are the popular sayings that brighten so much Latin American talk, the boiled-down wisdom that you are as apt to hear from professors as from peasants, from beggars as from elegances. Brief and colorful, they more often than not carry a sting. When a neighbor?s dismally unattractive daughter announced her engagement, Imelda remarked, “You know what they say, Senora: …There?s no pot so ugly it can?t find a lid.?” And when her son-in-law blustered about how he was going to get even with the boss who had docked his pay, Imelda fixed him with a cold eye and said, “Little fish does not eat big fish.” One afternoon, I heard Imelda and her daughter arguing in the kitchen. Her daughter had quarreled with her husband?s parents, and Imelda was in sisting that she apologized to them. Her daughter objected. “But, Mama, I just can?t swallow them, not even with honey. They talk so big until we need something; then they?re too poor. So today when they wouldn?t even lend us enough to pay for a new bed, a ll I did was say something that I?ve heard you say a hundred times: …If so grand, why so poor? If so poor, why so grand?” “Impertinent!” snorted Imelda. “Have I not also taught you, …What the tongue says, the neck pays for?? I will not have it said that I could never teach my daughter proper respect for her elders. And before you go to beg their pardon, change those trousers for a dress. You know how your mother-in-law feels about pants on a woman. She always says, …What was hatched a hen must not try to be a rooster!” Her daughter made one more try. “But Mama, you often say, …If the saint is annoyed, don?t pray to him until he gets over it.? Can?t I leave it for tomorrow?” “No, no and no! Remember: …If the dose is nasty, swallow it fast.? You know, my child, you did wrong. But, …A gift is the key to open the door closed against you.? I have a cake in the oven that I was making for the Senora?s dinner, I will explain to the Senora. Now, dear, hurry home and make yourself pretty in your pink dress. By the time you get back, I will have the cake ready for you to take to your mother-in-law. She will be so pleased that she may make your father-in-law pay for the bed. Remember: …One hand washes the other, but together they wash the face.?”
1)这种力，是一般人看不见的生命力，只要生命存在，这种力就要 显现。 2)凭窗站了一会，微微的觉得凉意侵入。转过身来，忽然眼花缭乱， 屋子里的别的东西，都隐在光云里；…… 3)这架收音机该有多大的重量啊！它载着解放区人民的心，载着全 中国人民的希望，载着我们国家的命运。 4)看着信，林震不禁独自笑起来了，他拿起笔把“中于”改成“终 于”，准备在回信时告诉他们下次要避免别字。 5)人无千日好，花无百日红。 6)除了我这间房，大院里还有二十多间房呢。一共住着多少家子， 谁说得清住两间房的就不多，又搭上今儿个搬来，明儿个又搬走。 我没那么好的记性。大家见面，招呼声“吃了吗”透着和气。 7)肝炎是全球关注的健康问题。亚洲是全世界肝炎患者最多的地区。 8)特别是比较偏僻落后的农村，还残存着少数包办买卖婚姻的陋习。 9)于是，暮色中匆匆的人群里，总有我赶路的身影，雨里、雾里、 风里、雪里，只盼着早些回家…… 10)判断我们各方面工作的是非是失，归根到底，要以是否有利于 发展社会主义社会的生产力，是否有利于增强我国的综合国力，是否有利于提高人民的生活水平为标准。 11)小路两边，是两行小柳树。树枝细细的，柳叶沙沙响。嫩叶上 刷着一层白色的绒毛。 12)密蜂是在酿密，又是在酿造生活；不是为自己，而是为人类酿 造最甜密的生活。 13)几件小摆设，每一件都代表着一个故事，珍藏着它们就象珍藏 着一份份美好的回忆。 14)我听了他的话，试着站直了身子，突然视野开阔了，天地变大 了，只见身前是水，身后是水，水连着天，天连着水。
15)在那里，古树摇曳春秋，山花自谢自开，植被茸茸生烟。 16)我厂生产的地毯图案新颖、色调雅致、美丽大方富丽堂皇。 17)天气这样闷，十之八九要下雨。 18)我们要培养出适应社会主义现代化建设需要的一代“四有新 人”。 19)花朵虽然看上去可爱，但风吹不得，日晒不得。 20)她虽是女流，但不受旧思想约束，担任了一家进步杂志的编辑。 21)语言这东西不是随便可以学好的，非下苦功不可。 22)为此我拼命干活，连春节也不例外。 23)他见到你连魂都丢了。 24)我突然发现童稚是一种最机智最完美的智慧，甚至这种智慧隐 寓着深刻的哲理。 25)素以能“吃苦耐劳”而著称的中国人，现在竟自觉不如“西洋 人”或“东洋人”能吃苦了。 26)搞环境保护的同志真马虎，昨晚下那场大雪，竟没有校园巡 视。…… 27)有一位歌手，有一次地唱完了歌，竟没有一个人鼓掌。 28)她双眼无一丝表情，人们简直以为她根本没有看见对方。 29)人们啊，往往如此，有时在一起工作几十年，却依然形同陌路， 有时，才碰头，就好象几辈子之前就相知了。 30)他个子足有二米，每进屋门必须低头，才能躲过门框子的拦击。 31)唉，和前一辈做父亲的一比，我觉得我们这一辈生命力薄弱得 可怜。 32)节日的高潮是除夕夜，在旧年与新年交替之时，家庭全体成员 要聚在一起吃年饭，菜中有道菜是鱼，而且有人讲究不能把它吃守，图个“年年有余”的吉利。 33)对于爱恋中的情人来说，这不是雾，是晶莹温暖的初雪，是撩
汉译英句子翻译常见问题解析 摘要：在英语学习过程中，句子的翻译一直都是学习者关注的 焦点问题。本文就英语的汉译英句子翻译中常见的、学习者容易犯 错的问题，比如词汇、句子结构、母语负迁移等进行归纳，有针对 性地给出例子，作出详细的分析与讲解。 关键词：汉译英句子翻译常见问题 学习任何一门外语，它的句子翻译总是处于关键的地位。对这 种情况，广大的英语教师都在探寻相对理想的解决途径。笔者根据 自己的教学经验，从考试及练习中抽取大学生英语句子翻译的例子，进行仔细分析，试着以目前学生英语句子翻译中存在的常见问题为 突破口，探索造成这些问题的原因，并且尝试总结解决这些问题的 途径，希望对学生句子翻译水平的提高起到促进作用。 1.词汇问题 词汇是学习及翻译任何一门外语的首要基础，要清楚明白地翻 译出原来句子的意思就必须有足够的词汇量作为基础。词汇量越大，翻译出来的句子就能够更加接近原句的意思。当然，在词汇量充足 的情况下，翻译出来的句子质量更高。我国的考试模式，客观题较多，主观题较少，使得教学侧重点倾向于为考试拿高分服务，在没 有本土语言环境的条件下，很多学生对所学词汇大都只是停留在认 得的阶段，就是看见一个单词能够想起它的意思，但是不能牢固掌 握单词的用法，出现以下问题。 1.1 词性拼写错误及词性误用问题 词性是任何阶段学习英语的重点，辨清词性对正确运用语言大 有帮助。一些学生在翻译句子的过程中，常常不注意分析词性或对 词的用法不明确，表现为：介词当动词用；形容词当副词用；名词 当动词用，等等。 例1：圣诞节期间，人们过得很愉快①。 during chrismas， people are happiness②. 分析：译文中的chrismas很显然是拼写错误，应该改为，christmas，且译文中的happiness明显是名词误用为形容词。当然，译文中还存在介词的不规范使用的问题。译文应该修正为：at christmas， people are happy. 1.2措词问题
汉译英 主席先生： 中国作为一个发展中国家，很自然十分关心发展中国家在世界经济中所处的困境。许多事实证明，北南关系不是朝着更好的方向发展，而是趋于进一步的恶化。因此，改善北南关系就成为所有国家的一项重要任务。目前，北南之间的差距进一步扩大，富的更富，穷的更穷。许多发展中国家人民正生活在贫困线之下，发达国家有责任给发展中国家以更多的帮助，并同意在平等互利、平等交换的基础上，建立一个新的国际经济秩序。 今天的世界各国，经济上的相互依存更加密切。如果发展中国家的困难长期得不到解决，经济得不到发展，发达国家的经济要持续保持稳定增长，也将是困难的。在商品、贸易、债务、资金、货币和金融等领域，采取有效措施，改善发展中国家面临的外部环境，以利于发展中国家恢复增长和发展，这是当前国际经济领域中的一项紧迫任务。这样做也有利于世界经济的稳定和增长。 Mr. President. As a developing country，China is naturally concerned about the predicament of the developing countries in the world economy. Numerous facts show that the North-South relations are going to deteriorate further instead of turning for the better. Therefore，the improvement of the North-South relations has become an important task for all countries. At present the gap between the North and the South is widening，with the rich becoming richer and the poor poorer. The people of many developing countries are living below the poverty line. The developed countries have the responsibility to give more help to the developing countries，and to agree to the establishment of a new international economic order based on equality and mutual benefit and exchange of equal values. In the present-day world，there is even more inter-dependence among countries. Developed countries will find it difficult to maintain their economic growth if developing countries long remain in difficulties and their economies cannot move ahead. It is an urgent task in the international economic sphere to improve，by effective measures，the external environment of developing countries in such fields as commodity，trade，debt，capital，currency and finance. This will contribute not only to resuming growth of developing countries，but also the stability and growth of the world economy.
汉英翻译——谈法律文献的汉英翻译 汉英翻译——谈法律文献汉译英的理解与表达问题 作者 王春晖 一、法律词语的理解 法律文书中的词语是构成法律文书最基本的单位。对法律文书中一些专业词语的正确理解，是翻译法律文书的前提和基础。在翻译构成中，不能正确理解原文词义是无法进行翻译的。关于词语的理解应注意下面几个问题： 1、注意词义在上下文中的一致性 一个法律词在不同的场合，译成英文有不同的含义，要正确理解法律原文的词义，必须注意词义在上下文中的一致，切不能拘泥于字面上的一致，如果保持字面上的一致，译文往往不能准确达意。请看下面句子，“如在解释上遇有分歧，应以英文本为准”。“解释”，在汉英词典上可译成：“construe”、“explanation”、“exposition”、“interpretation”，但这个句子的“解释”是指对法律条文的正式解释，选择“interpretation”，较为恰当故译成“In case of any divergence of interpretations. The English text shall prevail”。再看下面一例，“发生于缔约国一方而支付给缔约国另一方居民的特许权使用费，可以在该缔约国另一方征税”。原文中的“特许权使用费”要译的准确是不大容易的，如果译成“fee of special permitted right”不能体现出原文的含义。根据规范文件的正式解释及其在句中的作用，本句中的“特许权使用费”是指使用或有权使用专利、商标以及文学、艺术、科学著作等所支付的作为报酬的各种款项，所以把“特许权使用费”译成“royalty”才能体现出与原文的一致性。故译成英文为：“Royalties arising in a Contraction State and paid to a resident of the other Contracting State may be taxed in that Contracting State”. 2、注意同义词在译文中的不同含义
Part II 段落翻译与实践 I. 汉译英 1．和平统一 1）促进统一，就要有个适当的方式。2）所以我们建议举行两党平等会谈，实行第三次合作。3）大陆和台湾有不同的意识形态，实行不同的政治制度，但绝不能让这 一点妨碍我们发展两岸关系，实现和平统一的大业。 1）To promote the reunification of the motherland, we must find a proper means. 2) So we suggest that the two Parties hold a talk on an equal footing and try for a third-time cooperation. 3) The fact the mainland and Taiwan have adopted different ideologies and political systems should not be allowed to stand in the way of developing the relations between two sides of the Taiwan Straits and achieving the peaceful reunification. 2．大学生… 1）现在大学生的学习压力相当重。2）除了大四，他们开始找工作了，其余的学生总是忙于学习，而不愿参加校园团体和俱乐部，不愿参加体育锻炼和其他课外活动，不愿与他们的朋友玩玩，不愿关心和学习没有关系的事。3）总之，他们就像一个机器人。4）压力大，时间少，功课多。5）看到同寝室里的人都上图书馆去学习，到深夜闭馆才回，而自己却去看电影，他们就会有一种内疚感。6）一想到白天什么事都没干，心里就感到不安，会整夜因此睡不着觉。7）他们学习太紧张，几乎没有时间好好品尝生活，干些其他事，成为一个全面发展的人。8）读大学使他们失去太多的个人幸福和健康。 1) College students now bear heavy academic pressure. 2) You will find them—except seniors who are beginning to look for a job—always too busy in studies to join campus organizations, too busy to take part in sports and other extracurricular activities, too busy to share the interests of their friends, and too busy to pay attention to anything that is not connected with their studies. 3) In short, they