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八年级上册英语笔记

八年级上册英语笔记
八年级上册英语笔记

Unit1 How often do you exercise?

Section A

Lange Goal: Talk about how often you do thing .

标题释义:

知识点 1. how often 的用法:

1)how often 是“多久一次”的意思,常用频率副词(always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never), once a week , two or three times a month ,every day等词来回答。如果对这些词划线部分提问,则用how often.

2)how often 的同义词组是how many times (多少次),所以问句的同义句句是:How many times do you exercise ?

3)但是how many times 与how often 的区别是how many times 通常只用once, twice, three times 等来回答。

eg. How often does she go to the movies ?

------- Twice a month

How many times do you watch TV every week ?

------- Three times.

4)补充:

how long 是“多长时间”的意思,回答常用“for…”或”since …”引导的时间状语。Eg. How long have you been in America ?

“他在美国多久了”

------- For two years .“两年了”

how soon 是“还要多久才…”的意思,一般用将来时态,回答用“in …”引导的时间状语。

eg . How sooon will he be back ? “他多久回来“

------- He will be back in an hours . “他一小时后回来”

how much 也意为“多少”,但后面跟不可数名词,也对数量提问;同时还可用来询问价格“多少钱”的意思。eg . How much water do you want ? “你想要多少水?”

-------Two bottles . “两瓶”。

结构:How much + 不可数名词+ 一般疑问句?意思为“多少”

How much is a piece of bread ? “一片面包多少钱?

------Three yuan . “三元”

结构:How much + 一般疑问句?意思为“多少钱”

注意:bread 面包是不可数名词,前面不能用a,

只能用 a + 数量词+of + 不可数名词来表示

How many books do you have ? “你有多少本书?

--------- Three books. “ 3本书。”

结构:How many + 名词复数+ 一般疑问句?意思为“多少”

知识点2 . do的用法

1)问句中的do 是助动词,帮助构成一般疑问句,没有汉语意思,我们学过的助动词有(do ,does ,did, don’t , doesn’t ,didn’t ).

2)助动词的用法:

助动词后面必须有行为动词,而且这个行为动词必须用原形,如标题do后面的行为动词是exercise ,而且exercise 是动词原形。

助动词很显然在句子中只是起到帮助作用,帮助句子构成一般疑问句或构成否定句。在句子中如果有be动词(am,is are)或情态动词(can能,会,可以。may 可以,should 应该,must 必须,will 将要)把句子变成否定句则直接在be 动词或情态动词后面加上not ,有some 换成any 就可以了。变成一般疑问句,则直接将be 动词或情态动词提到

句首,第一人陈和第二人称互换就可以了,但如果句子中没有be 动词或情态动词怎么变成否定句和一般疑问句呢?那就请助动词帮忙,变成否定句在行为动词前面加don’t或doesn’t,变成一般疑问句则直接在句首加Do或Does。

eg . She is a studend .

She is not a student

Is she a student ?

He can play football.

He can not play football.

Can he play football?

They go to the movies every day .

They don’t go to the movies every day .

Do they go to the movies every day?

He goes to the movies every day .

He doesn’t go to the movies every day .

Does he go to the movies every day?

3) do ,does ,did, don’t,doesn’t, didn’t除了可以作助动词外还可以作行为动词,意思是“做”,eg . do homework , does homework, did homework “做作业”,do sports “做运动“

eg. She does homework every day. 这里的does是行为动词“做”

She doesn’t do homework every day .

Does she do homework every day ?

知识点3 . exercisede 用法

1.v. 动词锻炼,运动= do sports = play sports

2.n . “锻炼,运动”是不可数名词,不能+s, 词组:

take exercise = get exercise (锻炼)

n . “练习,体操”是可数名词,复数+s 即:exercises

词组:math exercises (数学练习题)

do morning exercises (做早操)

do eye exercises (做眼保健操)

看图片写单词

a. shop (购物) v .

b. read (看书)v.

c. exercise (锻炼)v.

d. watch TV (看电视)v.

e. skateboard (踩滑板)v.

释义:

1.)shop (v动词)=go shopping = do some shopping (购物,买东西)

shop (n名词)商店= store

2.)read = read a book = read books (读书,看书),reading“阅读”

3.)skateboard= go skateboarding (踩滑板)

本页重点句型:

What do you usually do on weekends ?

(在周末你通常做什么?)

I often go to the movies .(我经常去看电影)。

知识点1:句子中第一个do 是助动词,第二个do 是行为动词“做“

知识点2:usually是频率副词“通常“的意思,usually既可以放在句子开头还可以放在句子中间。

知识点3:on weekends “在周末”的意思,weekends 是weekend的复数形式,表示泛指的周末,而不是特指的周末。

这里要用介词on , 也可用介词at ,美国人习惯用on weekends ,但英国人习惯用at weekends . 而要表示‘‘这个周末”则一定不要加介词on,如:this weekend .

weekend周末)= Saturday(周六)+ Sunday (周日)

weekday “平日,工作日,上班日”= Monday(周一)+ Tuesday (周二)+Wenesday(周三)+Thursday (周

四)+ Ftiday (周五)

在平日也要用on ,即on weekday

week (周)= weekend(周末) + weekday (工作日)

知识点4:表示时间的介词on, in与at的区别

1)on 用于日,周几或特定的某个上午,下午,晚上或几月几日。

eg . on Sunday(在周日) , on January 1st(在一月一日)

on the morning of last Sunday (在周日的上午)

2)in 用于一天中的早,午,晚,周,季节,年,世纪

eg . in the monning (在上午),in the afternoon ( 在下午),

in the evenning (在晚上) in a week (一周中),

in January (在一月),in spring (在春天)

3)at 用于点钟,黎明,中午,黄昏,半夜。

eg. at six (六点钟) ,at noon (在中午,一般是12点)

at night (在半夜,一般是晚上睡觉时),at dawn (在黎明)

知识点5. go to the movies (去看电影)

go to the movies = go to the cinema /s i n i m?/(电影院)

=go to see a film /f i l m/(电影)

1a . Look at the picture. Make a list of the d ifferent weekend activities.

(看图。将不同的周末活动列成表)

1. skateboarding

2. watching TV

3. shopping

4. reading

5. exercising

知识点1 . 复习v+ing 规律

1. 一般情况下直接在动词后面+ing

2. 在重读开音节单词中,去掉不发音的e,再+ing

3.再重读闭音节单词中,爽些最后一个辅音字母,再加+ing

4. 以ie 结尾的吧ie变成y ,再加+ing

知识点2. go + v ing 形式

go shopping (去购物) go swimming (去游泳)

go skateboarding (去踩滑板) go hiking (去远足)

1b . Listen and write the letters from the picture above on the lines below . (听并且把上面图片中的字母卸载下面的横向上)

always (100﹪)----usually ------- often-----sometimes------

hardly ever-----never (0﹪)

知识点1 :频率副词的用法

1)6个频率副词

always(总是)100﹪〉usually (通常) 80﹪〉often (经常)50﹪〉sometimes(有时)20﹪〉hardly ever (几乎不)5﹪〉never(从不)0﹪

补充一个:seldom (很少)

2)频率副词在句子中的位置:通常放在be动词,情态动词或助动词之后,行为动词之前。但是usually, sometimes ,never也可以放在句子的开头。而频度副词every day(每天) , three times (三次) 等往往放在句子结尾。

3)频率副词多用于一般现在时或一般过去时态中。

4)表示否定的频率副词有:hardly ever ,never, seldom, 另外还有little,few (很少,几个),如果句子中友了这些词则该句子为否定句了不需要在加no或not.

5)always 反义词是never , usually 对应often ,always not = hardly

6)对频率副词提问,通常用how often 来提问。

7)hardly与hard的区别。

hrdly副词,意为“几乎没有,几乎不”(为否定副词,表示否定含义)。

提别提示:hardly不是hard家后缀所构成的副词。

hard (adj) “困难的,硬的,艰苦的”

(adv)“努力地,猛烈地,用力地”

8)sometimes的用法:

sometimes (有时) some times ( 几次,几倍)

sometime ( 某时) sometime ( 一段时间)

1c. pairwork (结对练习)

Talk about the people in the picture above .

(谈论上面图片中的那些人)

What do they do on weekends?

(他们周末在做什么?)

运用图片中5个动词,模仿表格中的对话。频率副词也可多样。

What does she usually do on weekends ?

-------She often shops on weekends.

What does she often do on weekends ?

-------- She often reads at home on weekends.

What does he do on weekends ?

---------He usually exercises on weekends.

What does he do on weekends ?

---------He always watches TV at home.

What does she do on weekends ?

---------She sometimes goes skateboarding outdoors.

What does he do on weekends?

--------He hardly ever draws pictures.

What does she do on weekends ?

--------She never writes on weekends .

2a. Listen.Cheng is talking about how often he does different activities . Number the activities you hear [ 1---5]

(听,程正在谈论他从事不同活动的频率。)

知识点1 . 次数表达法:

once(一次), twice(两次),month(月), year(年)

once or twice (一两次) three or four times=three times or four (三四次)

two or three times(两三次)

once a week 一周一次(“一次”用特殊词once)

twice a day 一天两次(“两次”用特殊词twice)

three times a month 一个月三次(三次或三次以上用基数词+ times 的结构构成)

four times a year 一年四次

知识点2. how often 句型

How often do you watch TV?

-------Twice a week .

How many times do you watch TV?

--------Three times.

2b. Listen again .How often does Cheng do the activities above?

Match his activities with the number of times he does them.

(再听一遍,程多久从事一次上述活动?将他的活动与他从事这些活动的次数联系起来。)

2c. Pairwork

How often do you do these activities ?

Fill in the chart and then make conversations.

(结对练习,你多久做一这些活动?填表,然后编对话)

知识点1. surf the Internet (上网)

= be online = go online

知识点2 . active的用法

active “积极的,活跃的”–名词----activity—复数------ activities

词组:take an active part in 积极参与

知识点3 . What’s your favourite program ?

------- It’ s Animal World .

favourite “最喜欢的”= like…best

eg. My favourite colour is white

= I like white best. 我最细化的颜色是白色。

program=programme “节目,议程,日程,计划,纲要,纲领”

Grammer Focus (语法聚焦)

4.Read the magazine article .Use the information in the boxes below to help you . (阅读杂志上的文

章,用下面表中的信息帮助你)

知识点1. 词组

Green High School (格林高中)

at Green High School (在格林高中)

activity servey (活动调查)

the result of “…的结果”

once or twice a week (一周一两次)

three or four times(一周三四次)

two or three times a week (一周两三次)

as tor (至于,关于)

do homework(做作业)homework 是不可数名词

the result for “至于。。。结果”

知识点2 . interesting 的用法:

interested 与interesting的用法区别

1.interesting 表示使人感兴趣,interested 表示某人自己本身感兴趣。如:

The story is very interesting, so all the children are interested in it. 这个故事很有趣,所以所有的孩子都对它感兴趣。

2.不要认为interesting 一定指物,interested 一定指人。如:

Our English teacher is very interesting. 我们的英语教师很有趣。

I read an interested expression on his face. 我看到他脸上露出一种感兴趣的表情。

3.be interested 之后可接in doing sth 或to do sth,含义稍有差别:接前者意为“对做某事感兴趣”,接后者意为“有兴趣地做某事”。如:

He is interested in becoming a painter. 他对当画家很感兴趣(即一心想当画家)。

We are interested to hear your remark. 我们很有兴趣想听听你的意见。

My uncle has an ________ hobby.He is ________ in old dictionaries.

A.interesting;interesting B.interested;interested

C.interesting;interested D.interested;interesting

答:选C

解析:interesting是形容词,有主动意味,意为“有趣的”,作表语时,主语通常是物;作定语时,既可修饰人,也可修饰物;interested也是形容词,有被动意味,意为“感兴趣的、对……感兴趣”,主语通常是人,且多用于

be/get/feel/become interested in 结构中。如:

1. She is________in the________story.

A.interesting; intereste

B. interested; interesting

C. interesting; interesting

D. interested; interested

Key: B

3.What interesting people! 多么有趣的人!

interesting,fun,funny的意义与习惯用法的不同

interesting用于描述令人感兴趣的事物或情形,例如:

It is an interesting book for children.那是一本有趣的儿童读物。

We had a long and interesting talk.我们作了一次很有意思的长谈。

fun可以作名词,interesting和funny不能作名词,fun作形容词讲时,用来指令人愉快的事物或喜欢与之相处的人,例如:We had a fun night in the club.我们在俱乐部度过了一个欢乐的夜晚。

Our day at the beach was really fun.我们在海滩度过的日子真的很有意思。

My sister is a fun person.我妹妹是一个有趣的人。

funny用来指令人发笑的人或者事物,例如:

That's the funniest joke I've ever heard.那是我所听过的最风趣的笑话。

interesting 形容词,用来修饰物e.g. the film is interesting.

interested 形容词,用来修饰人e.g. I am interested to hear your story.

通常,-ing后缀都是用来修饰物的,翻译为令人...的。例如surprising 令人惊奇的。-ed后缀是用来修饰人的,翻译为感到...的。例如surprised 感到惊奇的。

此外,还有很多这样的词:embarrassing/embarrassed, worrying/worried, amazing/amazed, shocking/shocked 等等。

只要知道这些词动词形式和后缀的意思,就很容易的指导这些词的意思了

知识点3 . here 的用法:

“here”是表示“处所”的副词, 表示“在这里”。但它的用法却不仅如此, 现作简单归纳。

1. 常用在动词be之后, 作表语, 表示“在/到这里”。主语可以是表特指的名词、代词、不定代词……等, 有时也可用泛指性的名词词组。如:

Ann is not here.

—Where is my shirt?

—It's here.

—Where are they?

—They are here.

Is everyone here today?

Are we all here?

肯定陈述句中, 这种“here”有时也可提前置于句首。主语若为名词, 应引起倒装; 主语若为人称代词, 则“主谓”要用正常语序。这种提前主要是为了强调。如:

—Where's my watch?

—Is it in your bag?

—No, it isn't. Oh, here it is. (—It is here. )It's in my pencil-box.

若主语为泛指性名词, 还原正常语序时, 应用“There be +主语+here”句型。

Here is an English book. (=There is an English book here. An English book is here. )

2. 用在其他行为动词之后或句末, 作状语, 表示运动的方向, 行为发生的处所, 放置东西的处所……等。如:

Come here, please.

Please sit down here.

Put them here.

还常用在“there be..."结构末作状语:

There are some books here.

There aren't any cats here.

知识点4 . 数量百分比

All = 100%most = 51%----99%

Some = 1%---50%no = 0%

知识点 5 . no students , no的用法:

词性不同

no

a.

1. 没有

He has no friends in this city.

在这个城市里他没有朋友。

2. 【口】很少,很小

He'll be back in no time.

他很快就会回来。

3. 不许;不要;没有

No smoking!

严禁吸烟!

4. 【口】不可能

ad.

1. (用以表示否定的回答)不,不是,没有

"Is the baby a boy?" "No, it's a girl."

"婴儿是男孩吗?" "不,是女孩。"

2. (用在比较级之前)一点也不

He is no older than you.

他并不比你年长。

3. (用于形容词前)并非,并无

It is no different.

这没有什么不同。

4. (用于表示惊奇等)不对,不会,不许

n.

1. 不;没有;否定;拒绝

Did he give a yes or a no to your idea?

他对你的想法表示赞成还是反对?

2. 反对票;投反对票者

not

ad.

1. 不

He is not a member of the Union.

他不是工会会员。

2. (用来代替并否定一个词组或句子)不,不会

Drop that gun! If not, you'll be sorry.

把枪扔下!否则你会后悔的。

3. (与否定词一起构成双重否定表肯定)并非,不怎么

They refused her request not without good reason.

他们不无道理地拒绝了她的请求。

4. (与all,both,every连用表示部分否定)不都是,不全是

Both houses are not white.

两所房子不都是白色的。

nor

conj.

1. (用在neither之后)也不

I have neither time nor money for pop festivals.

我既没时间也没钱来参加流行音乐节。

2. (用在not,no,never之后)也不

The story is not interesting nor instructive.

这个故事没有味道,也没有教育意义。

I have never spoken nor written to her.

我跟她从来没说过话,也没写过信。

3. (用在句首,句子须倒装)也不

You do not like him, nor do I.

你不喜欢他,我也不喜欢。

知识点 6 . 英语中约数表达法

知识点7 . most 的用法:

知识点8. everyday 与every day 的区别

知识点9. about 的用法:

知识点10 . as for 的用法:

Section B 1a . 9个生词

1b . 对话

知识点1 drink的用法:

知识点2 milk 的用法:

知识点3 want 的用法:

知识点4 be good for 的用法:

知识点5 health 的用法:

2a .

2b.

知识点1 重点单词

vegetable , fruit , sleep , hour

eat vegetables ,eat fruit , eat junk food

drink milk , drink coffee

知识点 2 how many 与how much

2c .

生词:interviewer

3a .

知识点1 . 词组

come home from school

eating habits

a lot of

of course

look after

healthy lifestyle

get good grades

知识点2. pretty 的用法:

知识点3. when 的用法:

知识点4. try 的用法:

知识点5 . a lot of 的用法:

知识点6. look after的用法:

知识点7. help的用法:

知识点8. better的用法:

知识点9. why not的用法:

知识点10. the same as的用法:

知识点11. be different from的用法:

3b.

知识点1. kind of 的用法:

知识点2. maybe 与may be 的区别:

知识点3. although的用法:

3c .

4.

Self check

1.keep in good health

2.less

3.must

Unit 2 What’s the matter? (怎么啦?)

Section A

Language Goals:

◆Talk about your health

◆Give advice

一. 语言目标:Give advice (提出建议)

知识点1. advice 的用法:

(1)advice 是不可数名词,意思为“建议,忠告,劝告”,表示“一条建议”

是,不能说an advice ,而是 a piece of advice

表示“一些建议”是some advice.

(2) advice 的句型(补充)

give sb advice (给某人建议)

take one’s advice (接受某人建议)

listen to one’s advice (听从某人的建议)

ask for one’s advice (征求某人的建议)

(3)比较:

information ( “信息”,不可数名词)

news (“消息”,不可数名词)

advice (“建议”,不可数名词)

idea (“主意”,可数名词,复数是ideas)

二背诵默写人体部位单词(14个)

back ( 背部) arm(手臂)ear(耳朵)eye(眼睛)

hand (手)head (头)leg (腿)mouth(嘴)

neck(脖子,颈部)nose (鼻子)stomach(胃,肚子,腹部)

tooth(牙齿)----复数(teeth ) throat (喉咙,咽喉)foot (脚)-----复数(feet)

三.熟背5个句子

What’s the matter ? I have a cold .

What’s the matter ? I have a stomachache.

I have a sore back .

知识点1 matter 的用法:

1.n ,意思为“事情,问题,情况”

eg , There is a matter I would like to discuss with you.

(有一件事情我想和你讨论一下)

(2)v ,意思为“要紧,关系重大”,主要用于疑问句和否定句中。

eg . It doesn’t matter if you ‘re late----we’ll wait for you.

(你来晚了也不要紧-------我们会等你的。)

知识点 2 句型What’s the matter ? (怎么啦?)

(1)What’s the matter ?= What’s wrong ?= What’s up ?(怎么啦?) 用于询问对方的身体状况;也是医生或护士询问病人的常用语,句子中的matter 应用“the matter”,如果具体说到“某人如何”时多用with sb.

(2)What’s wrong with you ? (你怎么啦)

=What’s the matter with you ?

= What’s your trouble ?= What’s the trouble with you?

知识点3 生病词组短语:

have (v) 有,吃,喝,得…病(往往用have a +病症)

eg . have a cold (伤风,感冒),have a bad cold (重感冒)

have a fever (发烧) have a cough ( 咳嗽)

have a sore throat (喉咙痛)

have a headache (头痛)

have a toothache (牙痛)

have a stomachache (肚子痛,胃痛)

总结表示生病的几个句型:

(1)“主语+ have/ has +a +病症”。

Jim has a bad cold .杰姆患了重感冒。

(2)“主语+have/has+ a + sore+ 发病部位”。Sore为形容词,故放在表示身体部位的名词前面,构成名词短语。

I have a sore throat last week . 上周我喉咙痛。

(3)“主语+have/has+ a + 部位ache ”。ache为名词,也可作后缀,常与表示身体部位的名词合成另外一个新词,表示身体某部位疼痛。

She has a toothache . 她牙痛。

补充2个句型

(4)部位+hurt(s) ,hurt 是动词,意为“疼,痛”,其过去式为hurt,表达某一具体位置的疼痛。

My head hurts badly. 我头疼得厉害。

(5)“(There is)something wrong with + one’s + 部位”意为“某人…不舒服,出了毛病”。

I can’t see anything. I think there must be something wrong with my eyes . 我什么也看不见。我想我的眼

睛一定出毛病了。

辨析:ache与sore

(1) ache 常指连续的,局部的疼痛,常和表示身体部位的词连用一起构成复合词。headache 头疼toothache 牙疼

(2) sore 常指因发炎而引起的肌肉疼,在表示自身的某部位疼痛时,常置于身体部位的名词前。

Have a sore back背疼hane a sore throat喉咙疼

2a----2c

熟背,默写生病句型及建议句型

1. I have a headache . You should go to bed.

2. She has a stomache. She should lie down and rest .

You shouldn’t eat anything .

3. He has a toothache . He should see a dentist .

4. Tom has a fever . He should dringk lots of water.

5. I have a sore throat. You should drink hot tea with honey.

知识点一:5个词组短语

go to bed (上床睡觉)

lie down and rest (躺下来休息)

see a dentist (看牙医)

lots of (许多)

hot tea with honey (蜂蜜热茶)

知识点2 lie 的用法:

(1)lie v . 意为“躺,平卧”。

Don’t lie down on the ground .

(2)lie v. 意为“位于”,其现在分词是lying,过去式是lay ,过去分词是lain

China lies in the east of Asia. 中国位于亚洲东部。

(3)lie v . 意为“说谎”,现在分词是lying ,过去式和过去分词都是lied 。

She lied to us about her job . 关于她的工作她对我们撒了谎。

(4)lie 也可作名词,意为“说谎,谎言”,tell a lie / tell lies 意为“说谎”。

He tells lies aboult his grade .

知识点3 rest的用法:

(1)rest 用作名词,意为“休息”。

常用与短语take / have a (good) rest “好好休息”。

You are tied . You must have a rest .

(2)rest 还可作“其余”讲,the rest of 意为“其余的……”。

The rest of the studends are boys . 其余的学生是男生。

(3)rest v . 意为“休息”

Please sit down and rest for a rest .

知识点4 with 的用法:

(1)hot tea honey ,with在此句中是“有,带有”的意思,表示某物有或具有某种特征。介词短语with honey 作hot tea 的后置定语。

a coat with four pockets 有四个口袋的外套。

a book with a blue cover 一本蓝色封面的书。

You must do the work with more care . 你工作一定要在细心些。

(2)with ,介词,意为“和…一起”,表示伴随。

I like to talk freely with my friends .我喜欢和朋友一起自由交谈。

(3)with,介词,意为“用…..”,表示使用“某种工具,手段”等。

Cut it with a knife . 用刀把它切开。

(4)with,介词,意为“关于…,对…..来说”,表示关系等。

Are you pleased with the results ?你对这个结果满意吗?

知识点5 should 的用法

Should 为情态动词,后接动词原形,其否定是为shouldn’t ,用来表示建议,要求等。其后接动词原形,无人称和数的变化。

You should’t go out at night . 你不应该在夜里外出。

在英语中,常见的表达建议的方法有:

(1)Let’s +v(原形)…..! 让我们做。。。。吧!

Let’s go to the movies !

(2)Why not (do)…..? 为什么不做。。。。。呢?

Why not comr a little earlier ? 为什么不早点来呢?

(3)Whould you like to do …?你愿意做。。。吗?

Would you like to play soccer with us ?

(4)Shall we (do) …..? 我们做。。。。。好吗?

Shall we go swimming this weekend ?

(5)You’d better do …你最好做。。。。

You’d better do your homework first. 你最好先做作业。

(6)How / What about doing …….? 做。。。。怎么样?

How /What about drinking some hot water ?喝些热水怎么也?

知识点6 not….anything的用法:

He shouldn’t eat anything .

= He should eat nothing . 他不该吃东西

not… anything = nothing .

辨析:something 与anything

(1)二者均属于不定代词,指代某物。

(2)something 通常用于肯定句中;anything 则通常用于否定句和疑问句中。

I have something important to tell you .我有一些重要的事情告诉你。

I don’t like anything. 我什么也不喜欢。

(3)在表示委婉的邀请,请求,建议或希望得到肯定答复时常用something.

Would you like something to drink ? 你想要喝点东西吗?

知识点7 本页重点句

A: What’s the matter ?

B: I have a toothache .

A: Maybe you should see a dentist .

B: That’s a good idea . (主意,可数名词) 。

3a 熟背默写下列7句对话。

知识点(1 )I’ m not’t feeling well . 我感到不舒服。

I’m not feeling well . = I don’t feel well .是当自己身体不舒服时常用语,常用来回答What’s the matter with you ?”

知识点2 well 的用法

(!)well 在此句中为形容词,意为“身体好的,健康的”。

How are you today ?你今天怎么样?

I’m very well . 我很好。

(2)well 还可以作副词,意为“好地”,修饰动词。

Jack plays the piano very wel杰克钢琴弹得非常好。(修饰动词play)

(3) well 做名词,意为“井”,well water 井水。

When did it start ?什么时候开始的?

Start为动词,意为“开始”,与begin 同义。

School starts at eight .学校八点开始上课。

辨析:start to do sth 与start doing sth

两者都表示“开始做某事”,但在一下三种情况中常用start to do sth ,而不用start doing sth .

(1)主语是“物”而不是“人”

The ice started to melt .冰开始融化了。

(2)Start 本身为ing 形式时。

He is just starting to write the letter .他刚开始写那封信。

(3)其后的动词与想法,感情有关时。

She started to understand it .

About two days ago . 大约两天前。

辨析ago 与before (以前)

(1)“时间段+ ago ”,表示的时间以现在为基准,“若干时间前”,常用于过去时。I melt him two days ago . 我在两天前遇过他。

(2)before 可用作介词,后接时间点,表示“在某具体时间之前”.

before five o’clock 5点钟以前。before class 上课之前。

(4)before 还可以接地点,表示“在。。。。的前面”,

before me “在我前面”

Yes ,I think so . 是的,我想是这样。

so ( adv) ,意为“这样,如此”。常与动词连用,以避免重复。常与so连用的动词有say ,think, speak , tell , hope , believe , do 等。

Do you think so ? 你不这样认为吗?

I don’t think so . 我认为不是这样。

I‘m afraid so . 恐怕是这样。

I hope so .我希望如此。I hope not . 我不希望如此

I believe so . 我相信如此。I believe not.我相信不会这样。

I hope you feel better soon . 我希望你早日康复。

(1)you feel better soon 是一个句子,作hope的宾语,可以由连词that引导,但由于that在句子中不作任何成分,可以省略。

I think (that) you are right .

(2) hope 意为“希望”,用于表示有可能实现的愿望,其后可接动词不定式,即hope to do sth ,意为“希望(自己)做某事哦”。,但表达“希望某人做某事”则需用“hope+ that从句”。不能用hope sb to do sth . 句型。

I hope to go to Tibet some day in the future.

我希望将来有一天去西藏。(接动词不定式)

I hope that you can study harder .

我希望你会更加努力地学习。(接宾语从句)

辨析:hope 与wish

(1) 相同点:hope to do sth “希望做某事”,with to do sth “希望做某”

二不能用doing sth

(2)不同点:hope for +名词,可以实现的愿望,wish for +名词,难以实现的愿望;hope + that 从句,希望,陈述语气,而wish +that 从句,愿望,表示虚拟语气。

(3)可以说wish sb sth 或with sb to do sth ,不能说hope sb sth 或hope sb to do sth .

I hope you will be better soon.我希望你能很快好起来。

I wish I were ten years younger.但愿我自己能年轻十岁。

We wish you a happy new year !我们祝你新年快乐!

illness 的用法:

n . 疾病,身体不适。其形容词形式时ill(病得,生病的)。

a serious illness 一种重病illness of children 儿童疾病

Some children are away from school because of illness.

一些孩子因病不能来上学。

SectionA跟踪练习

Section B

1a----2c

知识点1. tired 的用法

(1)tired adj .劳累的,疲劳的,常与be ,feel,look等词搭配使用,都有“疲倦”的意思,但强调的方面稍有不同。be tired 强调“身体状态”,feel tired 强调“身体感受:,look tired强调“视觉效果”。还有一

些形容词,如hungry ,thirsty等也有类似tired 的用法。

I feel very tired/hungry/thirsty. 我感到很累、饿、渴。

Are you tired ?你累了吗?

Go to bed early. You look tired out .

早点上床睡觉吧,你看上去累极了。

(2)tired一般只作表语,不能放在名词前面作定语,而且tired的主语通常是人。

(3)如果放在名词前面作定语,一般用tiring,意为“令人厌烦的,累人的”,但tiring得主语通常是物。

The tiring story made the studends tired .

这个无聊的故事使得学生感到厌倦。

知识点2 stressed out 的用法

stressed是由动词stress(压;使加压;强调)在词尾加-ed构成的形容词。Stressde out 是形容词性短语,常在句中作表语。You are too stressed out . You should relax yourself.

你太紧张了,你应当放松一下自己。

注意:部分动词后加-ed可以构成形容词,表示某种特征。

interest v. 感兴趣;使。。。。感兴趣----------interested adj .感兴趣的

tire v. 疲劳;使。。。疲劳----------tired adj 疲劳的

worry v. (使担忧)-------- worried adj 担忧的;焦急的

relax v. (使放松)--------- relaxed adj 放松的

excite v. 使。。。兴奋------excited adj 感到兴奋的

知识点3 go to bed early 的用法。

(1)go to bed 意为“去睡觉,上床;就寝”。它强调“上床睡觉”动作及过程,但人不一定睡着了。若强调“入睡,睡着,进入梦乡”须用go to sleep.

(2) 此处early用作副词,意为“提早地;提前地”,其反义词为late.

Please come to school early tomorrow. 明天请提早到校。

(3)early 还可以做形容词,意为“早的;提前的”;其反义词也为late。

He gets up early to catch the early bus.为了赶上早班车他早早地起床。

知识点4 problem 的用法

poblem为名词,意为“问题;令人困惑的事情;难以处理的事情”。

I can’t solve this problem . 我无法解决这个问题

辨析:problem与question

Problem指需要研究、解决的问题、难题,常与动词solve/settle连用。

qestion指有疑问,需要回答的问题,常与动词ask/answer连用。

We are studying the math problem. 我们正在研究这道数学题。

He didn’t answer my question. 他没有回答我的问题。

注意:若指需要沟通、讨论才能解决问题时,problem和question可以互换。

We’re going to talk about some problems/questions. 我们要讨论一些问题。

知识点 5 A Healthy Lifestyle, the Chinese Way中国式的养生之道。

halthy adj 健康的,在句中通常作定语或表语。

Keep healthy 保持健康stay healthy 保持健康

To be healthy 为了健康 a healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式

We should exercise more to be healthy . 为了健康我们应该多锻炼。

My father is healthy . 我父亲很健康

辨析:health与healthy

两者主要是词性不同,因此用法也就不同。

(1)health为名词,意为是“健康(状态)”,其反义词是illness。通常用于介词后作介词的宾语。

She is in good health .他身体健康

Drinking milk is good for your health .喝牛奶有益于你的健康。

(2)health是形容词,意思是“健康的”,其反义词是unhealthy,在句中作定语或表语。

My wife had a healthy babay just now. 我妻子刚刚生了一个健康的宝宝。

Although he is 80 years old , the old man looks healthy. 老人尽管80岁了,但看上去很健康。

拓展:(1)be healthy = be in good health 健康的

(2) keep / stay healthy = keep in good health 保持健康

(3) be unhealthy = be in poor / bad health 不健康的,身体弱的

知识点6 Traditional Chinese doctors believ we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy.传统的中医认为要保持身体健康,我们需要体内阴阳二气的平衡。

(1)traditional Chinese doctor 传统的中医

①traditional adj 传统的,是由“名词traditional+后缀-al”构成的形容词。

Thaditional Chinese medicine 传统的中药

②thadition n. 传统;习俗

It is a tradition that women get married in white dresses.妇女结婚时穿白色婚纱是一种习俗。

(2)believe v. 相信;信任

I don’t believe you .我不相信你的话。

You can’t believe anything she said .你不能相信她说的任何话。

注意:believe 后既可以直接跟名词、代词作宾语,也可以跟that引导的宾语从句,还可以用believe sb to do sth 的形式。当believe后跟宾语从句且主句主语为第一人称时,它的否定形式与think用法相同,即“否定在主句,翻译在从句”。

I believe what he said .我相信他说的话。

I believe him to be an honest man . 我相信他是个诚实的人。

I don’t believe he knows that place .我相信他不知道哪个地方。

辨析believe sb 与believe in sb

①believe sb 意为“相信某人(所说的话是真的)”。

I believe you . 我相信你(所说的话)。此句还可以表达为:I believe what you said.

②believe in sb . 意为“信任某人”。

I believe him , but I don’t believe in him . 我相信他的话是真的,但我不信任他。

知识点7 Maybe you have too much yin .或许你阴气太盛。

Too much 太多,后接不可数名词,too many 太多,后接可数名词复数。

He has too much homework to do.他有太多的家庭作业要做。

There are too many people in the park.公园里人太多。

辨析:too much , much too 与too many

too much 后接不可数名词,意为“太多”,也可放句尾。

Much too 后接形容词或副词,意为“太”

Too many 后接可数名词复数,意为“太多”

There is too mucu noise in the classroom.教室里有太多噪音

The book is much too dear. 这本书太贵。

There are too many passengers on the bus. 公共汽车上有太多的乘客。

Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation ?

Section A

1a-----1c (13页)

一生词

babysit 的用法

(1)bysit 作动词,意为“临时照看”,现在分词是babysitting ,要爽些最后一个字母t,过去式是babysat,名词是babysitter,意为“临时保姆”。

(2)babysit = look after = take care of “照顾”。

babysit sb 照顾某人

I can’t find a babysitter for tonight . 我找不到今晚的临时保姆

二.1a 部分词组短语

假期活动词组短语。(背,默写)

1. camping 野营

2. visiting my grandmother 看望我的奶奶

3. spending time with friends 与朋友一起消磨时光

4. babaysitting 照顾小孩

5. playing basketball

6. exercising

7. watching TV 8. relaxing at home 在家休息

补充词组:stay at home呆在家grandmother= grandma

visit my cousion 拜访我的堂兄弟

三.重点句型

B: I’m babysitting my sister . (我要照看我妹妹)

A: What’s she doing for vacation ? (假期她要做什么?)

B: She’s babysitting her sister. (她要照看她妹妹)

vacation 词组:

for vacation(将要)度假on vacation(正在)在度假

vacation plans 假期计划take a vacation 去度假

an exciting /great vacation一个令人激动的假期

a no-stress vacation一个没有压力的假期

知识点1 :What are you doing for vacation ?

(1) ?是一个现在进行时态的句子,用来询问将来的计划,打算等,通常用于口语中。回答时也用进行时态表示计划,打算要做某事。----What are you doing for your vacation ?假期你打算做什么?

-----I’m going sightseeing . 我要去观光。

(2)for 为介词,在句中表示“为了(某一目的)”。

He went to Japan for the holiday . 他去日本度假了。

She is coming for it . 她要来取它。

(3)vacation n. “假期“。vacation通常只一次性休假,不管假期有多长,尤其用于学校的假期。在英式英语中常用

holiday .

His parents are on vacation in Hawaii. 他父母正在夏威夷度假。

辨析:go on vacation 与go for vacation

Go on vacation 意为“在度假“。说明旅行正在进行,即旅行进行时。

Go for vacation 意为“去度假“,相当于take a vacation ,说明度假还没有开始,在计划中。

I am going on vacation in Beijing . 我在北京度假。

I am going for a vacation in Beijing . 我要去北京度假。

知识点2 I’m babysitting my sister .

本句用现在进行时表达将来要做的事。英语中有些动词+ing后并不表示进行时态,而表示一般将来时态,这些表示位置转移的动词有:go ,come, leave, start , arrive , move 等常用于:“be +doing ”结构中表示按计划,安排即将发生的动作。We are leaving on Friday . 我们将在周五出发。

中考链接:

----Jane ,hurry up ! It’s time to leave .

----OK .--------.

A. I come

B. I’ve come

C. I’m coming

2a--------2c 部分14页

一.生词

(1)plan n . 意为“计划,设计”,make a plan for ……

a five-year plan 一个五年计划

He is making a plan for the winter holiday .

他在制定寒假计划。

(2)plan 还可以作动词,意为“计划,规则”,过去式是planned, 现在分词是planning.常见的短语有plan to do sth .意为“计划做某事”。

I plan to go shopping after work.我打算下班后去购物.

二.词组短语

熟背,默写上面6个词组及意思

解释: a sports camp 运动野营

on the 11 th

在星期几,在几月几日,在星期几的上下午晚上,在节假日等前面涉及到具体哪一天用on. 而在上午下午晚上,在月份,在那一年等用in, 在几点钟用at.

熟背默写上面四句对话

知识点1 I’m going camping .我将要起野营。

“go+ 动词的ing形式”表示“去做某事”,常用于从事某一体育活动或休闲娱乐活动。动名词前面不能用some或其他表数量概念的词修饰。

go swimming 去游泳go boating 去划船go shopping 去购物

go walking去散步go climbing 去登山go dancing去跳舞

go hiking去远足go sightseeing去观光go camping去野营

go skating 去溜冰go bike riding 骑自行车旅行go fishing 去钓鱼

拓展:

动词do后跟动名词形式构成短语,动名词do作的冰雨,具有名词性质,可用some或the修饰

do some shopping购物do some reading读书

do some cleaning大扫除do some washing洗衣服

do some cooking 做饭do some speaking训练口语

do the running跑步

知识点3 That sounds nice .那听起来好极了。

(1)sound 在该句中是连系动词,其后通常跟形容词作表语,意为“听起来”。

Her voice sounds very sweet . 他的声音听起来很甜美。

That story sounds very interesting.那个故事听起来很有趣。

英语中还有这几个单词也是连系动词:look (看起来),feel(感觉),turn(变得),taste(尝起来),smell(闻起来),become (变得),get(变得)

He looks old .他看起来很老。

The flowers smells sweet .那花闻起来很香

中考链接:

----Do you like the song You and Me?

Of couse . It --------- great .

A. sounds

B. looks

C. smells

(2)sound like 听起来像,后面接名词。

Her voice sounds like the singing of birds .

她的声音听风起来像鸟儿的歌唱声

(3)sound n . 声音

I heard the sound of running water.

我听到了流水的声音。

知识点2 Who are you going with ?

句中who作with的宾语,who的宾格形式是whom,因此本句还可以表达为:

Whom are you going with ? 注意:who, whom 作介词的宾语,介词提到句首时。只能用whom,不用who。

For who are you waiting here ? (×) 你在这儿等谁?

For whom are you waiting here? (√) 你在这儿等谁?

语法焦点

背诵默写12个句子

知识点1 They are going next week .

Next week 意为“下周”,“上周”是last week。当时间名词week ,weekend, year, month 等与this, that (这个,那个);next , last (下个,上个)连用时前面不能再加介词。

3a-------4 (15页)

一.生词(背,默写)

二.对话

熟背默写上面对话。

重点句及词组: 1 . go to Tibet for a week .

2. That sounds interesting/great!听起来真有趣/听起来好极了!

3. in the mountains 山中

4. How about=W hat about ……怎么样?后接动词要v+ing ,因为about是介词。

5. how long 1)多长时间(询问动作在时间上所延续的长度) 回答用for+一段时间。

2)多长(询问事物的长度)

6. have a good time 玩得愉快=Have a nice time =have a great time

=have fun doing sth= enjoy oneself =enjoy oneselves

7.show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 出示某物给某人看

若sb和sth 都是代词,则只用show sth to sb 句型。

类似句型有:send sb sth = send sth to sb ( send v.发送,后面跟双宾语sb和sth, send 的过去式是sent ) give me the book=give the book to me 给我书,

pass me the cup=pass the cup to me 把杯子递给我,

sell me the house=sell the house to me把房子卖给我

buy me a book =buy a book for me 给我买书,

make me a cake=make a cake for me给我做蛋糕

8. get back=come back回来

对话重点句解释:

知识点1 Just for four days.

本句中just为副词,意为“仅仅,只是”。同义词为only.

Don’t scold him .He is just a child. 别责备他。他还只是个孩子。

Just的其他用法:

(1)后接名词,名词短语或句子,意为“正好,恰好”。

It was just four o’clock when we go home .我们到家时刚好四点。

That’s just what I am going to say .那恰是我要说的。

(2)用于一些日常用语中,尤其用于祈使句中,表示强调。

Just think! 想想看!

Just wait for a moment ,please . 请稍等片刻。

(3)刚才,不久以前,用于一般过去时。

You saw our teacher in the office just now, didn’t you?

你刚才在办公室看见我们的老师了,是吗?

(4)正(就)在那时。

Just then,he came out of the room . 就在那时,他从房间里走了出来。

知识点2 I don’t like going away for too long.

(1)go away 意为“离开,不在”,其中away 是副词,可一直空间或时间上的“远离”,使用时可作表语或表语补足语,场合be 动词连用,构成系表结构,有时away 也与介词from引导的短语连用,表明参照物。

She’s going away now .她现在不在。

(2)go away 还可以意为“滚开”,表示一种厌恶的语气。

Go away ! I don’t want to see you . 滚开!我不想看见你。

(3)too long 意为“太久,太长时间”。

It happened tooo long ago. 它发生在很久以前。

知识点3 Show me your photos when we get back to school.

(!)“get back to +地点名词”表示“回到某地”。其同义词(组)为be back, cone back 和return

When did you get back to the city ?你什么时候回到那个城市的?

注意:get back home 意为“回到家”,home为地点副词,七千不能用介词to 。

(2)get back 还有“取回,要回,拿回”的意思。

I want to go to Kate’s home to get my book back .

我想去凯特家取回我的书。

(3)when (副词) 意为“什么时候”,when (连词)意为“当。。。的时候”。

知识点4 How long is he staying ?

(1)how long 意为“多久,多长时间”,用来询问一段时间,可以对“for+一段时间”提问,还可以询问物体的长度。

How long are you staying there?你要在那里待多久?

How long is the table ?这张桌子有多长?

注意:how long 用来询问时间时,只能与延续性动词连用。

How long may I keep your bike ? 你的自行车我可以借多久?keep 是个延续性动词。

而不可以说:Hoe long may I borrow your bike ? borrow 是个瞬间动作。

(2)stay的用法:

1)动词,意为“逗留;待”“停止,站住”。

My mother came and stayed here for a week .

我妈妈来这儿住了一个星期。

Don’t stay up late at night. 晚上不要熬夜。

Get her to stay a moment . 叫她停一下。

2)连系动词,意为“保持,继续”。

The clothes won’t stay white . 这些衣服不易保持白色。

3)名词,意为“逗留,停留”。

He wants to make a short stay in Beijing .

他想在北京作短暂停留。

用下列句型替换:

1.Where are you going for vacation?

I am going to San Francisco for vacation ..

2. What are you doing there ?

I am going hiking in the mountains .

3. How long are you staying ?

Just for five days .

跟踪训练

I. 根据句意选词填空,注意词形变化

1. I don’t like ---------- away for too long.

2. Mary is ----------- her little brother at home now .

3. –How long is he ---------- in Japana ? For a week .

4. --What is he doing ?

--He is going-------- with his friends in the mountainss.

5. My parents are ----------- at home after a day’s hard work . Ⅱ.按要求改写句子。

1.what ,doing , Mary, is , vacation , for (?) (连词成句)。

---------------------------------------------------------------------------.

2.they , visiting , are, friends, their , next ,week (.) (连词成句)。

--------------------------------------------------------------------------- .

3.I am visiting my friend in Hong Kong .( 改为一般疑问句).

---------- ---------- visiting ------------- friend in Hong Kong?

4.She is babysitting her sister .(改为同义句)

She is ----------- ----------- her sister .

5.Lin Tao often goes to the movies on Sunday .

(用next Sunday 改写)

Lin Tao ----------- ----------- to the movies ---------- ----------- .

Section B

1a-----2c 16页一.生词:

二.词组短语

Section B

三.释义:

P16页

1. go bike riding 骑自行车去旅行

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