I met my best friend Tom at the ststion yesterday.
主语谓语定语宾语同位语状语
1、主语：是一句的主体，是全句诉说的对象，常用名词、数词或代词担任（是全句谈论的中心话题）。例：
(1) Students syudy.（名词）
(2)We are friends.（代词）
(3)To go to good university is his first goal.（不定式）
(4)Doing morning exercise is good for your health.（动名词）
(5)Jane is good at playing the piano.
(6)She went out in a hurry.
(7)Four plus four is eight.
(8)To see is to believe.
(9)Smoking is bad for health.
(10)The young should respect the old.
(11)What he has said is true.
2、谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或动词词组担任，放在主语的后面（主语做什么了、怎么了）。例：
(1)Students study.（实意动词）
(2)We are friends.（be动词）
(3)We love China.
(4)We have finished reading this book.
(5)He can speak English.（复合谓语）
(6)She seems tired.
(7)I saw the flag on the top of the hill.
(8)He looked after two orphans.
3、宾语：表示行为的对象，常由名词或代词担任，放在及物动词或代词之后（动作的对象，目标；位于及物动词之后）。宾语分为间接宾语和直接宾语。直接宾语指物，间接宾语指人。例：
(a)He gave me some books.
间接宾语直接宾语
(b)Please pass me the book.
(c)He bought me some flowers.
(1)They are teachers.
(2)I play with him.
(3)We love watching football games.
(4)He is dong her homework now.
(5)I like my job.
(6)I love you.
(7)He wanted to leave here.
(8)They enjoyed playing football games.
注：位于介词之后的成分也称之为宾语。
4、宾语补足语：是对宾语进行补充说明，宾语和宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语。例：
(1)I found the book interesting.
(2)Do you smell something burning?
(3)He made himself known to them.
(4)She asked me to lend her a hand.
(5)Please make yourself at home.
(6)Please keep the dog out.
(7)We must keep it a secret.
主动语态变成被动语态后，宾语补足语变成主补。例：
(1)I last saw him playing near the river.→He was last seen playing near the river.
(2)The teacher caught the student cheating in the exam.
→The student was caught cheating in the exam.
(3)We made him monitor.→He was made monitor.
(4)He pushed the door open.→The door was pushed open.
5、定语：是用来说明或者限制名词的成分，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任（是用来说明名词或代词性质特点的词）。形容词放在名词前，相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词之后。例：
(1)This is a red sun.
(2)The black bike is mine.
(3)He is a tall boy.
(4)She is a chemistry teacher.
(5)The man in bllue is my brother.
(6)The girl playing the piano is my younger sister.
(7)The lady who is wearing red dress is our new teacher.
6、状语：是用来说明动词，形容词，副词、介词短语或整个句子的成分，常由副词担任。修饰动词的可以放在动词之前，也可以放在动词之后；修饰形容词或副词的放在它们之前。例：
(1)The students study hard.
(2)I often write to him.
(3)The bag is too heavy.
(4)I will be back in a while.
(5)They are playing on the playground.
(6)He was late because he got up late.
(7)He got up so late that he missed the train.
(8)I waited to see you.
(9)He often went to school by bus.
(10)His parents died,leaving him an orphan.
(11)Please call me if it is necessary.
(12)This book is very interesting.
(13)He went to school in spite of his illness.
(14)He always comes late to school.
7、表语：系动词后的部分就是表语，表语是用来说明主语的性质或状态。一般由名词或者形容词担任。
常见的系动词有：
be(am,is,are,were,was),aapear,look,seem
feel,smell,taste,sound,keep,turn,become,get,grow,come,go etc.系动词不用于被动语态。例：
(1)This table is long.
(2)The apple tastes sweet.
(3)The war was over.
(4)They seem to know the truth.
(5)Time is precious.
(6)I’m not quite myself today.
(7)Who was the first?
(8)He is out of condition.
(9)The book is what I need.
通常情况下，主语和宾语前的成分是定语，谓语前的成分是状语，时间作状语放在句子的后面。
（定语）主语（状语）谓语（定语）宾语（状语）。
(1)(The tall)boy(often)go(to the big)zoo.
(2)(The happy)child-went(his)home yesterday.
英语句子成分歌：
英语句子八呀八大块，主谓宾表真呀真实在；
补语跟着宾语标语跑，定语同位（语）专把名词踹。
状语的位置它自由自在，忽右忽左随心所欲摆。
浑身的毛病真呀真不少，前后乱窜它还会加塞。
英语五种基本句型：基本句型一：S+V （主+谓）
基本句型二：S+V+P (主+系+表)
基本句型三：S+V+O (主+谓+宾)
基本句型四：S+V+o+O (主+谓+间宾+直宾)
二、从句
从句是相对于主句而言的，即它是从属于某一个主句，而不能单独做一个句子。英语中主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，定语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即状语从句，包括时间，结果，条件，目的，原因，让步，地点，方式等）
1、主从作主语，例：That the earth is round is truth.
2、宾从作宾语，例：Do you know where he lives?
3、表从左表语，：My opinion is that you should not go alone.
(一)主语从句
一、1、定义：作句子主语的从句叫做主语从句。
2、引导词：主语从句通常由从属连词that,whether,if和连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever以及连接副词how,when,where,why等词引导，that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例：
(1)What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。
(2)Who will won the match is still unknown.谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。
(3)It is known to us how he became a writer.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
(4)Where the English evening will be held is has not yet been announced.
英语晚会将在那里举行，还没有宣布。
二、1、找主语从句时，先找到句子的谓语，主句的谓语前面的从句，就是主语从句。
(1)Why he left wasn’t important.
主语从句主句的谓语动词
(2)That he became an artist may have been due to her father’s influence.
主语从句主句的谓语动词
2、that引导的主语从句可以放在主语的位置，这时that不可省略。例：
That prices will go up is certain.
3、that主语从句放在句首的情况不是很常见，绝大部分主语从句都借助形式主语it，主语从句放在后面。
(1)It is strange that he knows nothing about it.
(2)It is a pity that he can’t swim.
(3)It happened that he wasn’t in that day.
(4)It is said that there has been an earthquake in India.
在口语中,用it作形式主语是，主语从句的that可以省略。
4、有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：
(1)It+be+名词+that从句
(2)It+be+形容词+that从句
(3)It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句
(4)It+不及物动词+that从句
注意：主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“should+do”，常用的句型有：
(1)It is necessary(important,natural,strange,etc)that…
(2)It’s a pity(a shame,no wonder,etc)that…
(3)It is suggested(required,proposed,desired,etc)that…
5、wh-疑问词引导的主语从句，可以放在句首(1)，也可以借助形式主语it(2)。
(1)When he’ll be back depends much on the weather.
How it was done was a mystery.
Whether we’ll succeed remains to be seen.
(2)It is uncertain whether the game will be held.
It’s a puzzle now life began.
It doesn’t matter much where we live.
Is it known where he went?
（二）定语从句
一、1、定义：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在所修饰的先行词后面。
2、关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等；
关系副词有where,when,why等。
关系词常有3个作用：（1）引导定语从句，（2）代替先行词，（3）在定语从句中担当一个成分。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句：
1、who指人，在从句中作主语。
(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
(2)Yersterday I helped an old man who lost his way.
2、whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1)Mr. Liu is the person whom you talked about on the bus.
(2)Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.
注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
(3)The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
3、which指物，在定语从句中作主语或者宾语，作宾语时可省略。
(1)Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
(2)This is the pen which he bought yersterday.
4、that指人时相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中作主语或者宾语，作宾语时可省略。
(1)The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.
(2)Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?
LESSON ONE 句子的三种模式 导言本课的重点是掌握英语的三种基本句型，注意词性和词序，以及定语的位置,同时注意中英文表达上的相同和不相同的地方。三种基本句型虽然简单，但至关重要。掌握好它们，在今后的学习中有一通百通之效。 其实英语只有三种基本句型 ▲主+系动词+表 词序 1 主语 2 系动词 3 表语 即句子的用于连接主语表示主语身份、状态以及主体和表语所处的位置 词性* 名词 代词 Be (is, am, are) * 名词形容词 介词+* 名词(介词短语) 注：*注意该结构中的名词，它们能被定语修饰。 1 这个人是一个老师。The man is a teacher. 主语系表语主语系表语（名词） 2 他（是）很忙。He is busy. 主语系表语主语系表语（形容词）▲注意中文中的系动词经常被省略,而英文中绝不能省。
3 她（是）在教室里。She is in the classroom. 主语系表语主语系表语（介词短语） ▲定语只修饰名词，不破坏句子的基本结构。通常由形容词和介词短语充当，形容词放在所修饰的名词之前，而介词短语放在所修饰的名词之后，请注意英语与汉语词序的不同。看懂中文的定语是翻译好定语的关键。 介词短语 4 幸福是太多和太少之间的一站。--- 英国法学家波洛克 介词短语 Happiness i s a station between too much and too little . -----------Pollock, British jurist 形容词介词短语 5 高个子的男人是从英国来的老师。
形容词介词短语 The tall man is a teacher from England. 介词短语形容词 6. 她在二楼的小教室里。 形容词介词短语 She is i n the small classroom on the second floor. The teacher in the classroom is handsome. My book is o n the deskin the classroom. 表语（介词短语）定语（介词短语）She is in the small classroom on t he second floor.
句子成分分析 在句中起着不同语法作用的成分，叫做句子成分。英语的句子成分有九种： 1、主语（subject）表示句子描述的是“谁”或“什么”，是谓语的陈述对象； 通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等担任： The sun rises in the east. 日出东方。（名词） He hated to see any bird killed.他讨厌看到鸟儿被杀。（代词） To see is to believe.眼见为实。（动词不定式） Seeing is believing.眼见为实。（动名词） Where we shall hold the party is not decided yet.我们还没有决定在何处举行晚会。（主语从句） It’s human to want something better.精益求精是人类的特性。（不定式） 2、谓语动词（predicate verb）说明主语的动作或状态，由动词或动词短语担任： We study English.我们学习英语。（动词） The car broke down on the way.车在路上抛锚了。（动词短语） Do be quiet,children.孩子们，务必安静点。（助动词+连系动词） We are having a meeting now.我们现在正在开会。（助动词+实义动词） Soldiers must obey orders.军人必须服从命令。（情态动词+实义动词） 3、表语（predicative）说明主语的性质、特征、状态或身份，与连系动词一起构成复合谓语，通常由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词、分词或从句等担任： The next stop is the zoo.下一站是动物园。（名词） The game is yours.你（们）胜了。（代词） I was first! 我第一名！（数词） I feel terrible.我难受的厉害。（形容词） Is your mother in?你妈妈在家吗？（副词） I’m with you.我站在你这一边。（介词短语） Mary’s task is to set the table.玛丽的任务是摆桌子。（动词不定式） Her hobby is growing roses.她的爱好是种植玫瑰。（动名词） The situation is puzzling.形式令人迷惑不解。（现在分词） Do you feel satisfied with the arrangement?你对这安排满意吗？（过去分词） The fact is that they are cross with each other.事实是他们生彼此的气。（表语从句） That’s where you are wrong.这就是你错的地方（表语从句） He is no longer what he was.他已经不是以前的他了。（表语从句） 4、宾语（object）表示及物动词或及物动词短语的对象或内容，或用于介词后构成介词短语；通常由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等担任： May I have your attention ,please.请大家注意。（名词） I want a little.我要一点。（代词） I need two.我需要两个。（数词） Hope to see you soon.希望能很快见到你。（动词不定式） They risk losing everything.他们冒着失去一切的危险。（动名词） He insisted on seeing her home.他坚持送她回家。（动名词作介词的宾语） I’ll do what I can.我将尽力而为。（从句）
英语语法-句子成分-详解 一个英语句子里面分为必须的成分：主语、谓语；可能有的成分：宾语、补语、修饰语（定语、状语、同位语）。 主语和宾语 主语 1）主语一般在句子开头，是句子的“陈述对象”，通常由名词、代词、不定式、动名词、相当于名词的词组或从句、引用充当。如： The students all love their English teacher. 这些学生都喜欢他们的英语老师。 They go to school by bus. 他们乘公共汽车上学。 Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. 看太多电视对你的眼睛是有害的。 What we need is a good rest. 我们需要的是好好休息一下。 "I love you" is often heared on Valentine's Day.
情人节时，经常听到有人说”我爱你“。 2）形式主语与真实主语 主语是不定式短语、动名词短语或分句时，常会放在句尾，用"it"代替它原来的位置，这个"it"被称为形式主语，放在句尾的原主语为真实主语。如： It's very hard to get to sleep. 入睡很难。（不定式短语为真实主语，it为形式主语） It's a pity that you can't come. 你不能来真是件遗憾的事。（句子为真实主语，it为形式主语） 宾语 1）宾语是行为动作的对象，一般可分为动词宾语和介词宾语，充当宾语的可以是名词、代词、名词化的形容词、动名词、动词不定式、介词短语或句子。如：I bought a ticket for Milan. 我买了一张去米兰的车票。 I enjoyed talking to you. 我和你谈话很高兴。 They decided to close the border. 他们决定封闭边境。
知识精讲 一、整体把握 成分用法说明位置 主语是执行句子的行为或动作的主 体。 陈述句中放在句首或谓语之前；疑问句或倒装句 中放在动词、助动词、情态动词之后；there be结 构中放在be之后；祈使句中常省 谓语对主语加以陈述，说明主语怎 么样或是什么。必须由动词担 任，其人称和数必须和主语一 致。 通常在主语后（疑问句、倒装句除外）。 表语与系动词连用，一起构成复合 谓语，说明主语的性质、特征、 身份、类别、状态等。 常在系动词之后。 宾语表示动作、行为的对象。一般放在及物动词或介词后。间接宾语通常放在直接宾语之前。直接宾语是人称代词，间接宾语是名词或两个宾语都是人称代词时，间接宾语放在直接宾语之后，并在间接宾语前加to或for。 定语用来修饰名词或代词，说明人 或物的状态、品质、数量及所 属等。 单个词常在被修饰的词前，短语或句子在被修饰 的词之后；副词作定语常放在被修饰的伺候；形 容词修饰不定代词放在被修饰的伺候。 状语修饰动词、形容词、副词，表 示动作发生的时间、地点、目 的、方式等。 位置比较灵活。 补语补充说明宾语或主语的成分。宾语补足语通常置于宾语之后，主语补足语通常置于主语和谓语之后。 同位语对句子中某一成分作进一步解 释、说明，与前面的被修辞成 分在语法上处于同等地位。 常常置于被说明的成分之后。有时可以放在句子 的前面（主语之前），尤其是主语为人称代词时， 为平衡句子的节奏，则把同位语放置于此代词前。 独立成分独立成分是指句子里的一个词 或词组与全局没有语法上的联 系，不属于句子的组成部分； 一般由感叹语、呼语或插入语 等担任。 可放在句首、句中或句末。 二、细讲：主语 表现形式例句
三天搞定英语语法 英语语法分为两个部分。一个部分是词法，即词的构成和词的使用规律。另一个部分是句法，即句子的组成和句子的使用方法。 英语语法的特点可以用三句话来表示：1、每个词都有词性；2、每句话都有动词(实意动词或系动词)；3、每句话都必须符合五个基本句型。 三句话用一句话来说，就是，标出句中每一个单词的词性，找出句中所有动词，并标出其种类和相应的句子成分。理解，掌握，运用好这句话，按照一：词性；二：动词种类；三：动词相对应的句子成分；四：从句；五：非谓语动词方法就能透彻理解英语语法体系。 词的分类 词类又叫词性，英语单词根据其在句子中的功能，可以分成十个大类。 词类词义英语名称缩写形式例词中译 noun n. student 学生 1、名词表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名 称。 2、代词主要用来代替名词。pronoun pron. you 你 3、形容词表示人或事物的性质或特征。adjective adj. happy 高兴的 4、数词表示数目或事物的顺序。numeral num. three 三 5、动词表示动作或状态。verb v. cut 砍、割 adverb adv. quickly 迅速地 6、副词修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时 间、地点、程度等。 7、冠词用在名词前,帮助说明名词。article art. a 一个 preposition prep. at 在... 8、介词表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句 子成分的关系。 9、连词用来连接词、短语或句子。conjunction conj. and 和 10、感叹词表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。interjection interj. Oh 哦 词性的分类: 修饰: 形容数冠代词名词 （red）（one）（a/the）（my）wood 1.名词 代替: 代词it 形容词the red 数词one
精品文档——英语语法英语句子成分分析句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，状语，表语等。句子成分是句子中起一定功用的组成部分。 ）主语：是一句的主体，是全句述说的对象，常用名词，数词或代词担任，一1般放于句首。如： )Students study. (学生学习。 )We are friends.(我们是朋友 是代词，它们在句中做主语。是个名词，we这两句话中单词students ）谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组2担任，放在主语的后面。如： )Students study. (学生学习。 )我们是朋友We are friends. ( be叫做study叫做实意动词，are这两句话中单词study和are都是动词，动词，它们在句中作谓语。 ）宾语：表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之3后。如： )他们是老师。They are teachers. ( )我和他一起玩。I play with him. ( 是带词，它们在句中作宾语。是名词，单词teachershim这两句话中单词 ）定语：是用来说明或者限制名词的成分，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短4语或从句担任。形容词放在名词之前，相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面。如： .)This is a red sun.(这是个红太阳 ）He is a tall boy.（他是个高个子男孩。 都是形容词，它们作定语。tallred和这两句话中单词 ５）状语是用来说明动词，形容词，副词或整个句子的成分。常由副词担任。修饰动词时可以放在动词之前，也可以放在动词之后；修饰形容词或副词时放在它们之前。如： )这些学生学习努力。The students study hard. ( )I often write to him. (我常给他写信。 )The bag is too heavy. (这个书包太重了。 修饰too和often修饰的都是动词，第三句话中单词这三句话中单词hard 的是形容词，它们都作状语。 This 如：一般由名词或者形容词担任。６）表语：用来说明主语的性质或状态。)这个桌子是长的。table is long. ( 主语和宾语前的成分是定语，谓语前的成分是状语，时间词作状语,通常情况下精品文档． 精品文档放在句子后面。句子的成分分布如下： （状语）宾语（定语）（定语）主语（状语）谓语 (The tall) boy (often) go (to the big) zoo.如： (The happy) child --- went (his) home yesterday.
一、句子成分精讲 句子成分：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语等。 主要成分：主语和谓语 1、主语 一个句子中需要加以说明或描述的对象。主语的位置： 一般位于句首，由名词、代词、数词或相当于名词的词、短语等充当。The school is far from here. 名词做主语 She goes to school by bike.代词做主语 Eight is a lucky number.数词做主语 The blind need more help.名词化的形容词做主语 There is a pen on the desk. 名词做主语 Predicting the future is interesting.动名词做主语 To be a doctor is my dream.不定式短语做主语 2、谓语 表示人或事物(主语)的动作和存在的状态. 英语中由动词be、动词have和行为动词来充当谓语动词 句子的时态和语态是通过谓语表现出来。 谓语动词往往由一个或一个以上的助动词或情态动词加上主要动词构成。分析句子的主语和谓语 Mr. Li teaches English. He can play the piano. My parents and I are having dinner. 3、表语 用来说明主语的身份、特征、性质、状态。 表语的位置 用在动词be和系动词的后面。 名词、代词、数词、介词短语、副词等都可以和连系动词一起构成复合谓语。 Y our pen is on the desk. He got very angry. My dream is to have a robot. 常见的系动词
英语语法分析句子成分 分析 TPMK standardization office【 TPMK5AB- TPMK08- TPMK2C- TPMK18】
一、英语中的句子成分分析 I met my best friend Tom at the ststion yesterday. 主语谓语定语宾语同位语状语 1、主语：是一句的主体，是全句诉说的对象，常用名词、数词或代词担任（是全句谈论的中心话题）。例： (1) Students syudy.（名词） (2)We are fridends.（代词） (3)To go to good university is his first goal.（不定式） (4)Doing morning exercise is good for your health.（动名词） (5)Jane is good at playing the piano. (6)Four plus four is eight. 2、谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或动词词组担任，放在主语的后面（主语做什么了、怎么了）。例： (1)Students study.（实意动词） (2)We are friends.（be动词） (3)We love China . (4)He can speak English.（复合谓语） 3、宾语：表示行为的对象，常由名词或代词担任，放在及物动词或代词之后（动作的对象，目标；位于及物动词之后）。 (a)He gave me some books. 间接宾语直接宾语 (b)Please pass me the book. (c)He bought me some flowers. (1)They are teachers. (3) I play with him. (2)We love watching football games. 4、宾语补足语：是对宾语进行补充说明，宾语和宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语。 (1)I found the book interesting. (2)Do you smell something burning? (3)He made himself known to them. (4)She asked me to lend her a hand. 5、定语：是用来说明或者限制名词的成分，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任（是用来说明名词或代词性质特点的词）。 (1)This is a red sun. (2)The black bike is mine. (3)He is a tall boy. (4)She is a chemistry teacher. (5)The lady who is wearing red dress is our new teacher. 6、状语：是用来说明动词，形容词，副词、介词短语或整个句子的成分，常由副词担任。 (1)The students study hard. (2)I often write to him. (3)The bag is too heavy. (4)I will be back in a while. 7、表语：系动词后的部分就是表语，表语是用来说明主语的性质或状态。 be(am,is,are,were,was),apear,look,seem,feel,smell,taste,sound,keep,
1. Education is the door to freedom. 教育是通向自由之门。[一个简单的主系结构] 2. Challenges make life interesting. 挑战使生活变得有趣。[make+…+:形容词作宾语补足语。] 3. Difficulties make life worth living. 困难让生活有价值。[make+…+介词短语：介词短语作宾语补足语。] 4. Nothing in the world can take the place of persistence. 世界上没有什么可以取代坚持。[否定词作主语。Take the place of：代替。] 5. It’s impossible to defeat a person who never gives up! 打败一个永不放弃的人是不可能的。[动词不定式作主语，“it”为形式主语。“who”引导的定语从句修饰先行词”a person”。] 6. The most important thing in life is to have a great aim and the determination to attain it. 生活中最重要的事情就是有一个远大的目标，并有决心实现它。[动词不定式作表语和定语。] 7. If you can dream it, you can do it. 只要你想得到，人就做得到。[“if”引导的条件状语从句。] 8. Actions speak louder than words. 行动比语言更加强大。[副词比较级] 9. Deeds are more powerful than words. 行为比言语更加强大。[形容语比较级] 10. Mistakes show us what we still need to learn. 从错误中我们知道该学什么。[“what”引导的宾语从句作直接宾语。从句中动词不定式作宾语。]
如：They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。) Time flies. （时光飞逝。）这两句话中分别由代词They ，名词Time 作主语。 主语的位置：一般位于句首，由名词、代词、数词或相当于名词的词、短语等充当。 The school is far from here. 名词做主语 She goes to school by bike. 代词做主语 Eight is a lucky number. 数词做主语 The blind need more help. 名词化的形容词做主语 Predicting the future is interesting. 动名词做主语 To be a doctor is my dream. 不定式短语做主语 That he forgot to tell me the time for the meeting caused lots of trouble. 他忘了告诉我开会的时间给我带来了很多麻烦。（从句） It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语） 英语中由动词be、动词have和行为动词来充当谓语动词 谓语动词往往由一个或一个以上的助动词或情态动词加上主要动词构成。 谓语必须由动词或动词短语充当，因此动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词，不能作谓语。且谓语动词可以体现时态，单复数的语法现象。 如：They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。) He enjoys singing songs.（他喜欢唱歌。） 这两句话分别由动词were （are 的过去式），enjoys singing （enjoy doing 动词短语）作谓语。其中were 体现出句子的时态为过去时态，且主语的人称为第一人称，enjoys singing 体现出句子的时态为一般现在时，且主语的人称为第三人称。
高中必背句型句句经典（一线优秀教师总结） 1.With the development of economy, more and more families bought private cars, thus leading to much heavier traffic problems and more serious air pollution. 2.What is the most important is that we do not mind what others say so long as we are confident in what we have done. 3.It’s a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife. However little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on is first entering a neighborhood, this truth is so well fixed in the minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered the rightful property of some one or other of their daughters. 4.We believe we are confident and capable of overcoming the current difficulties and challenges we are faced with. In a word, all we need to do now is plan carefully and act in ways that reflect the reality to assure that we can make full use of our talent and skills. 5.You can take a horse to the water but you can’t make him drink. 强扭的瓜不甜 When everybody is somebody, then nobody is anybody.人人都伟大，世间无豪杰。 6.I love waking up in the morning and not knowing what’s going to happen, or who I’m going to meet, where I’m going to wind up. 泰坦尼克号 7.Your future depends on your dreams. So go to sleep. 加菲猫 8.Teachers are the basis of education and that the best students receive instruction from the best teachers. I t’s of great importance to train and nurture teachers, especially those from impoverished and remote rural areas. 9.what I want to stress is that a harmonious family plays a very important role in our life, therefore, it is up to every family member to contribute to the building of such a family. First of all, parents should be a role model for their children and pay more attention to their own words and behaviour. Being children of the family, we should respect and understand our parents, and share their burdens. Only in this way will our family be always harmonious. 10.In my opinion, it’s high time that our government should take measures to ban farmers from cutting down trees. Besides, various activities should be organized to make it clear that everyone is responsible for the environment. Only in this way can we have a blue day. 11.A recent survey found that walking like a happy person on purpose can lift one’s spirits, according to media report on Wednesday. Walking in a happy style makes people feel happy, while adopting the gait of a depressed person can bring on sadness. 12.when it comes to the current public transport, though it is improving, there still remains something to be done. In the first place, the government should add to the investment in the construction of transport. Additionally, it is better for the festival time to be lengthened. Last but not least, more people should be encouraged to ride home instead of driving a private car. 13.According to the information given above, there is nothing ambiguous about the serious situation and who is at fault. 14.It just can't be denied that it is the fast development that is to blame, but maybe the government should undertake the responsibility. 15.Current situation of pollution is considerably serious. Ranking among top pollution sources are vehicles, coal burning, airborne dust and so on. Reasons behind it go as follows. First of all, economic development are promoted at the expense of environment. Secondly, citizens are not aware of the significance of being careful with protecting the environment.
新目标英语八年级(下)重点短语及句型总 Unit 1 Will people have robots? 1. fewer people 更少的人（fewer 修饰名词复数，表示否定） 2. less free time 更少的空闲时间（less 修饰不可数名词，表示否定） 3. in ten years 10年后（in 的时间短语用于将来时，提问用How soon） 4. fall in love with … 爱上…… 例：When I met Mr. Xu for the first time, I fell in love with him at once. 当我第一次见到许老师，我立刻爱上他。 5. live alone 单独居住 6. feel lonely 感到孤独（比较：live alone/ go alone 等） The girl walked alone along the street, but she didn't feel lonely. 那女孩独自沿着街道走，但她并不感到孤独。 7. keep/ feed a pet pig 养一头宠物猪 8. fly to the moon 飞上月球 9. hundreds of + 复数数百/几百（概数，类似还有thousands of; millions of） 10. the same as 和……相同 11. A be different from B A与B不同 (= There is a difference/ Thgere are differences between A and B) 12. wake up 醒来(wake sb. up 表示“唤醒某人”) 13. get bored 变得厌倦（get/ become 是连系动词，后跟形容词如tired/ angry/ excited 等） 14. go skating 去滑冰（类似还有go hiking/ fishing / skating/ bike riding 等） 15. lots of/ a lot of 许多（修饰可数名词、不可数名词都可以） 16. at the weekends 在周末 17. study at home on computers 在家通过电脑学习 18. agree with sb. 同意某人(的意见) 19. I don't agree. = I disagree. 我不同意。 20. on a piece of paper 在一张纸上 （注意paper/ information/ news/ work/ homework/ housework 等常考到的不可数名词） 21. on vacation 度假 22. help sb with sth/help sb do sth. 帮助某人做某事
英语语法——英语句子成分分析 句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，状语，表语等。句子成分是句子中起一定功用的组成部分。 1）主语：是一句的主体，是全句述说的对象，常用名词，数词或代词担任，一般放于句首。如： Students study. (学生学习。) We are friends.(我们是朋友) 这两句话中单词students是个名词，we是代词，它们在句中做主语。 2）谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。如： Students study. (学生学习。) We are friends. (我们是朋友) 这两句话中单词study和are都是动词，study叫做实意动词，are叫做be动词，它们在句中作谓语。 3）宾语：表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。如： They are teachers. ( 他们是老师。) I play with him. (我和他一起玩。) 这两句话中单词teachers是名词，单词him是带词，它们在句中作宾语。 4）定语：是用来说明或者限制名词的成分，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。形容词放在名词之前，相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面。如： This is a red sun.(这是个红太阳.) He is a tall boy.（他是个高个子男孩。） 这两句话中单词red和 tall都是形容词，它们作定语。 ５）状语是用来说明动词，形容词，副词或整个句子的成分。常由副词担任。修饰动词时可以放在动词之前，也可以放在动词之后；修饰形容词或副词时放在它们之前。如： The students study hard. (这些学生学习努力。) I often write to him. (我常给他写信。) The bag is too heavy. (这个书包太重了。) 这三句话中单词hard 和often修饰的都是动词，第三句话中单词too修饰的是形容词，它们都作状语。 ６）表语：用来说明主语的性质或状态。一般由名词或者形容词担任。如：This table is long. (这个桌子是长的。) 通常情况下,主语和宾语前的成分是定语，谓语前的成分是状语，时间词作状语放在句子后面。句子的成分分布如下：（定语）主语（状语）谓语（定语）宾语（状语） 如：(The tall) boy (often) go (to the big) zoo. (The happy) child --- went (his) home yesterday. 请分析下面句子的结构说出各个成分 1）I have two elder sisters. （我有两个姐姐。） 2) They don't swim very well.（他们游泳不太好。） 3) Do you go to school every day? （你每天去上学吗？） 4) I really want a cup of tea.（我真的想要一杯茶。） 5) Miss Smith teaches English very well.（史密斯先生教英语非常好。） 语法其实并没有一些人想象的那么可怕，其实里面有很多趣味。 第一讲英语句子成分 WARM-UP：1)The teacher in the classroom. 2)Sang many songs and danced happily. 3)She attracts. 4)Many people
初中英语语法大全-句子的种类 按照英语句子的使用目的和用途，句子可分为四类： 陈述句(Declarative Sentence)、疑问句(Interrogative Sentence)、祈使句(Imperative Sentence)和感叹句(Exclamatory Sentence)。 陈述句包括肯定陈述句和否定陈述句。 疑问句有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。 图解语法 1. 陈述句 说明一个事实或陈述一个人的看法，陈述句包括肯定陈述句和否定陈述句 特别提示：
肯定陈述句改成否定句或一般疑问句时，如句中有already，some，something，somebody等词，须分别改成yet，any，anything，anybody 等。 另外，也要注意，too改成either，both改成neither，all改成none等。 2. 疑问句
3. 常用的特殊疑问句
4. 特殊的反意疑问句 ①主句是祈使句时，“will you?”意为“请求”，“won’t you?”表示提醒对方注意。 例句： Look at the blackboard, will you / won’t you? Don’t be late again, will you? ②感叹句后的反意疑问，用一般现在时态的否定形式 例句： What fine weather, isn’t it? How beautifully she sings, doesn’t she? ③陈述部分是“I am …”时，用“aren’t I?”而不用“am not I?” 例句： I'm working now, aren’t I?
大学英语第三册语法结构分析 (译部分) 1.发言人明确表示总统在任何情况下都不会取消这次旅行。 The spokesman made it clear that the president would not 主谓语 Cancel (the trip) under any circumstances. 介状 2. 我们相信他所说的，因为他受过良好的教育，出身于受人尊敬的家庭，更重 要的是他为人可靠。 We believ e what he has said , because he is well-educated , comes 主谓主 from a respectable familly and what’s more , he is reliable. 3. 随后后发生的那些事件证明了我的猜疑是对的。 The subsequent events confirmed my suspicions once again. 谓 4. 在赛后举行的记者招待会上，这位足教练因该队表现不佳而向球迷们致歉。 At the press conference held after the game , the football coach apologized to the fans for his team’s poor performance. 5. 令我们吃惊的是，这位常被赞为十分正直的州长竟然是一个贪官。 To our surprise, the governor who had often been praised for his honesty tur ned out to be a corrupt official. 谓语 6. 有少数人得到了提升，在这同时却有数万个人被解雇。 A few workers were promoted , but meanwhile hundreds of workers were dismissed. 7. 如果有机会，约翰也许已成为一位杰出的画家。 Given the chance , John might have become an outstanding painter.
英语句子成分分析 一个句子至少由两部分构成，即主语和谓语，它们是句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语（包括双宾语中的直接宾语和间接宾语），表语，定语（包括前置定语及后置定语），状语，同位语（包括限制性同位语及非限制性同位语），补语。 一.主语：是一句话的中心，一个句子中需要加以说明或描述的对象 如：They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。) Time flies. （时光飞逝。）这两句话中分别由代词They ，名词Time 作主语。 主语的位置：一般位于句首，由名词、代词、数词或相当于名词的词、短语等充当。 The school is far from here. 名词做主语 She goes to school by bike. 代词做主语 Eight is a lucky number. 数词做主语 The blind need more help. 名词化的形容词做主语 Predicting the future is interesting. 动名词做主语 To be a doctor is my dream. 不定式短语做主语 That he forgot to tell me the time for the meeting caused lots of trouble. 他忘了告诉我开会的时间给我带来了很多麻烦。（从句） It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语） 二.谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示人或事物(主语)的动作和存在的状态 英语中由动词be、动词have和行为动词来充当谓语动词 谓语动词往往由一个或一个以上的助动词或情态动词加上主要动词构成。 谓语必须由动词或动词短语充当，因此动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词，不能作谓语。且谓语动词可以体现时态，单复数的语法现象。 如：They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。) He enjoys singing songs.（他喜欢唱歌。） 这两句话分别由动词were （are 的过去式），enjoys singing （enjoy doing 动词短语）作谓语。其中were 体现出句子的时态为过去时态，且主语的人称为第一人称，enjoys singing 体现出句子的时态为一般现在时，且主语的人称为第三人称。