浙江师范大学 研究生考试 10年英语写作试卷

2010年---2020年考研英语真题（卷二）全部写作示范作文需要审题，构思，写作三个环节。

如希望得到高分数，避免模板写作（含模板句，模板段落，或模板文章结构），应该学习自己创造，实际上，创造性写作，更能拓展思维，表达更自然，内容更深刻，更容易学习。

2020考研英语（卷二）作文Part A46.Directions:Suppose you are planning a tour of a historical site for a group of international students. Write an email to1)tell them about the site,and2)give them some tips for the tourPlease write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own e“Li Ming”instead.(10points)Dear all of the international students,I am Li Ming,writing the email to inform you the touring schedule for Royal Palace of Museum,also with the name of Forbidden City,located in the centre of Beijing.The relic attraction was the palace of two empire Dynasties of Qing and Ming lasting around 500years,as the largest existing ancient royal constructions awarded world cultural heritage, where you can see large collections of precious rare antiques.There you will be immersed in Chinese ancient cultural surroundings.For a better enjoyment,you are advised to take snacks together with bottled water since the historical site is so large that the touring will take us a whole day,and I believe you will be miser to spend time in restaurant because appreciating the site more worthwhile.Remember to take your camera and an umbrella to prevent sunburn.However,mind the areas with the warnings of No Picture.What’s more,take your passport with you for check in.Before the entrance,you can rent digital guide device with diversity of language options,which can automatically narrate every specific scene you approach in details.I will be expecting to see you all at north side corner to the main entrance of Tian-an-men by 8sharp for gathering and departure,when I am raising a blue flag with our school logo.I am looking forward to seeing you there.Yours,Li Ming2020年考研真题英语卷二图表作文48.Directions:Write an essay based on the chart below.In your writing,you should1)interpret the chart,and2)give your comments.You should write about150words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15points)The pie chart above reveals percentages of categories of study,time killing,surfing for information,and others spent on reading function of smart phone surveyed in some university, among which smart phone reading occupies the largest proportion of59%.The following percentages range from large to small are time killing of20.5%,surfing for information of17%, and others of2%respectively.The survey is satisfactory,since it is necessary to share most of time with study,the most significant mission as graduates.Time killing consumed as the second in the surveyed categories proves that university students encounter pretty high pressure by turning to mobile phone readingfor relief.Since university is the stage for bridging between academic accumulation and profession,it is not surprising for the graduates to spend17%of mobile phone reading on surfing information.They are doing their preparation to fit in career future by absorbing the related message.2%is seemingly minor but it can be assumed that the proportion is spent on communication,proving that the graduates are not very social.2019年考研英语（卷二）作文Part A47.Directions:Suppose Professor Smith asked you to plan a debate on the theme of city traffic.Write him an email to1)suggest a specific topic with your reasons,and2)tell him about your arrangements.You should write about100words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own e“Li Ming”instead.(10points)Dear Professor Smith,Thank you very much for your trust in me for the task and now I am writing the email to respond your assignment about my proposing the theme and general arrangement for the debate on city traffic.I think we can decide Resolutions to Relieve City Traffic Jam as the theme for the debate. You see,city traffic jam is a great headache and with private cars increasing the problem is more serious.Even the City Council is seeking proposals from citizens on the official website.So we can form a report based on our debate to suggest effective solutions for the city traffic management.Besides,I believe the topic can inspire the passion for deeper debate since it is comparatively convenient for the students to collect relative data,and to investigate references for the debate,since there are so many reliable sources available on the net.For the general procedure,we can arrange group debate and final debate.For group debate, we set such sub-topics as subway transportation,city bus system,reserved shuttle buses,privatecars,and even shared bicycles and taxi,each of which will be debated for a solution to city traffic jam.Those who perform best will be go into final for overall debate.We may arrange the debate on this Friday.If the proposal is approved,I will make a procedure in details for the debate.I am looking forward to your response.(238words)Yours,Li MingPart B48.Directions:Write an essay based on the chart below.In your writing,you should1)interpret the chart,and2)give your comments.You should write about150words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15points)某高校2013年和2018年本科毕业生去向统计The bar chart compares the percentages of graduates of landing employment,furthering education,and launching self-employment business after their university bachelor degree graduation in the year2013and the year2018.Among the three censuses,landing employment occupies the highest,68.1%,60%,in the years2013and2018respectively.Furthering education ranks the second in percentages,26.3%in2013and34%unching self-employment business is the least proportion among the three surveyed items,1.3%in2013and2.6%in2018.The statistics can reveal that seeking for jobs as the most of graduates’choices,proving the work market still can provides a lot of vacancies to graduates.However,the percentage of furthering education is also comparatively large,confirming the fact that the job positions and salaries can not meet content with many graduates,who would rather endeavour for higherdegrees in their majors for job positions in their satisfaction later on.The percentage of graduates going into their own business is small,which is the evidence of potential risks blocking more students to take the option.From the chart,we can see the trend in the years2013and2018based on the investigated items.That the percentage of landing employment in2018is7.4%lower than that in2013,the percentage of furthering education in2018is17.7%higher than that in2013,and the percentage of launching self-employment business doubles1.3%in2013as2.6%in2018obviously inform us that the job market is becoming more competitive,challenging students to turn to other options except employment after university graduation.(262words)2018考研英语（卷二）写作47.Directions:Suppose you have to cancel your travel plan and will not be able to visit Professor Smith. Write him an email to1)Apologize and explain the situation,and2)Suggest a future meetingYou should write neatly on the ANWSER SHEET.Do not sign you own name at the end of the letter,use“Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address.(10points)Dear Professor Smith,Thank you very much for sparing your precious time to meet me to discuss my research paper,but now I am writing the email to deliver my sincere apology for canceling my travel plan to reach the appointment at14:00,Tuesday.I hope you will understand my situation.I got soar throat this morning and went to doctor’s for a diagnose but I was informed that I was infected with a kind of influenza.The matter is that the doctor warns me that the flu is strongly infectious,strongly suggesting me stopping close physical contact to avoid possible infection of the disease to other people until four days later when I am predicted I will be cured for such a case.So I cannot travel to your city to see you at due time.However,I appreciate my privilege granted to discuss with you on my so important paper,so I would like to change our appointment for the discussion to the following Friday,at14:00,eight days away from now,hoping you are available.I would like to drive there to meet you.I am sorry for any inconvenience caused and I am looking forward to your approval response at your earliest convenience.（205words）Yours faithfully,Li MingPart B48.Directions:Write an essay based on the chart below.In your writing,you should1)interpret the chart,and2)give your comments.You should write about150words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15points)The pie chart illustrates proportions in percentages of causes of consumers’choosing restaurants ranging from large to small,specific features36.3%,service26.8%,environment 23.8%,price8.4%,others4.7%,surveyed in2017.The chart shows the preference of customers to choosing restaurants.The data provides a kind of direction where restaurants should focus to attract eaters to their service,making more profit.Traditionally thought,delicious foods dominate the success of restaurant.However,The reality proves that restaurant have to do more than that.That tasty is with unique flavor can only occupy36.3%,which lead to restaurants to work harder for more consumers.Another apparent evidence explains customers visiting restaurants are for enjoyment other than eating,since the elements of environment and service together dominate more than half the causes of choosing restaurants,50.6%.From the survey,we can see that consumers do not care much about price,so cosy restaurants with better flavor can earn much money.The percentage4.7%is so minor so the bosses of restaurant can neglect them if involves large investment to improve them.(180words)2017考研英语(卷二）作文Part A51Directions:Suppose you are invited by Professor Williams to give a presentation about Chinese culture to a group of international students.Write a reply to1）Accept the invitation,and2）Introduce the key points of your presentation.You should write about100words on the ANWSER SHEET.Do not use your own e“Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address.(10points)Dear Professor Williams,Thank you very much for giving me the chance of presentation about Chinese culture to international students.I feel so honored and now am busy preparing for it,hoping they will like it.The presentation is intended to be themed with Calligraphy and Chinese Paintings,which I hope will contribute their study in the areas.The sub-title of calligraphy will cover introducing popular styles of handwriting with video and PPT demonstration.And Chinese Painting will focus on illustration of contemporary masters and their great pieces.Besides,I will teach the essential selecting skills of Chinese brush,ink or ink stick,paper,stone ink vessel and the like.So thepresentation will deliver fundamental knowledge of Chinese writing and painting.I would like to hear from your suggestions for alter if there is any necessary.I am looking forward to your response at your earliest convenience.(145words)Yours,Li MingPart B52.Directions:Write your essay based on the chart below.In your writing,you should1)Interpret the chart,and2)Give your comments.You should write about150words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15points)The line chart illustrates the statistics in numbers of museums and relative visitors in the years of2013,2014,and2015.The trend is very obviously and steadily upward with the numbersof4165museums,637,800,000visitors in2013,4510museums,717,700,000visitors in2014,and 4692museums,781,100,000visitors in2015respectively.We can make inference that the well-being sensation of Chinese people is gradually more intensive with time progress.Based on the survey,we can see the fact that with development of prosperous economy of China,governments construct more museums for cultural entertainment for Chinese people.Meanwhile,the increasing number of museums proves that Chinese people pay more attention to mental enjoyment when essential material needs for survival are well reached.The statistics is significant,providing the following evidence.Economy of the nation is in good stability since Chinese people turn to psychological satisfaction by visiting museums. Cultural civilization is progressing,which is crucial for a modern powerful country,because we can notice that physical satisfaction is not concern to China according to the survey inferred. (178words)2016考研英语(卷二）作文Part A47.Directions:Suppose you won a translation contest and your friend,Jack,wrote an email to congratulate you and ask for advice on translation.Write him a reply to1)thank him,and2)give your advice.You should write about100words on the ANWSER SHEET.Do not sign you own name at the end of the e“Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address.(10point)Dear Jack,Thank you very much for your congratulation email on my lucky being awarded for winning a translation contest.Now I am responding you with my advice on translation between Chinese and English languages.Firstly,researching sentences structures of both Chinese and English is crucial forgrasping the precise meaning of the languages.Meanwhile compare subtle similarities and differences of the languages,so that you can do the translation more smoothly.Secondly,Reading essays of cultures of the languages is necessary for accumulating your knowledge to deeper understanding the languages,especially philosophy information,making your translation reliable. Lastly,you need to enrich your vocabulary.However,do not go fast for this section.When you encounter a word you decide to research,you must turn to many example sentences for sourcing its correct usage to make your wording in translation perfect.That’s all for my general suggestion for your translation and I am looking forward to your great progress in both languages.Yours,Li MingPart B48.Directions:Write an essay based on the following chart.You should1)interpret the chart and2)give your comments.You should write about150words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15points).The pie chart themed with Survey in a University of Destinations of Student Touring shows that respective percentages of touring destinations,among which appreciating scenery occupies 37%,relieving from pressure ranges as the second place,33%,making more friends takes thefollowing order as9%,developing capacity of independence is6%,and others are15%shown in the chart.The investigation is of significance in the following.It is a pleasure to notice that37%student tourists regard tourism as pure enjoyment.However 33%students are burdened with academic missions,so they need tour as fresh experience to escape temporarily from academic tension.Due to university as bridge to society starting career,it is not surprising to see9%students touring for making more friends.They are in early adult stage, desiring social life.6%is not large proportion but cannot be neglected since independence is very important.The remaining others15%involve in diversity of factors so they are not very typical influential.(164words)2015考研英语(卷二）作文47.Directions:Suppose your university is going to host a summer camp for high school students.Write a notice to(1)briefly introduce the camp activities,and(2)call for volunteersYou should write about100words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your name or the name of your university.Do not write your address.(10points)NoticeOur University schedules to launch a15-day Summer Camp starting July25--August8,for entertaining campers of high school students.This is also to inform volunteer recruitment for the camp.After the opening ceremony on the first day,campers will be divided in groups based on camper desire to join one of our university projects:philosophy,literature,biology,chemistry, physics,computer,maths,geography,and archaeology.Campers will be assigned missions for research team.Meanwhile a series of debates,seminars and demonstrations will be arranged.Now the camp committee needs30volunteers in total in the related majors above during the session,assisting daily routine for the camp.All of the university students are welcome to registeras volunteer by filling the form linked on the homepage of our university official website by22:00 June26.Successful application will get our response by July1.We are looking forward to a successful camp.(153words)Office,University48.Directions:Write an essay based on the following chart.In your writing,your should1)interpret the chart,and2)give your comments.You should write about150words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15points)The pie chart illustrates expenditures in percentages by residents of a city in China during spring festival holiday.Paying for gifts for Chinese New Year occupies40%of all.The following three investigated items including traffic,gathering for dinner,and others account for very even 20%respectively.The survey proves that spring festival as the most important festival in China is mainly celebrated by social activities.First of all,residents spend the largest fraction for presents, showing that gift-giving is significant when expressing greetings among families members, relatives and friends.20%of expenditures on traffic is in fact comparatively large fraction, meaning that residents definitely travel to outside of their cities for spring festival celebration. Residents would like to spend20%for dinner gathering,showing residents value friendship verymuch.Even though we don’t know the specific spending of the20%of the expenditures,we can infer that it will be mostly spent on entertainment.(157words)2014考研英语（卷二）作文47.Directions:Suppose you are going to study abroad and share an apartment with John,a local student,write him an email to1)Tell him about your living habits,and2)Ask for advice about living thereYou should write about100words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your e“Li Ming”instead.Do not write your address.(10points)Dear John,I am Li Ming,a Chinese student,having been enrolled to a university in your country.I am very happy to learn that I will share an apartment with you.I hope my following habits will not disturb you.Normally,I get up at six and then prepare breakfast.I go to bed at around22:30.I plan to do supper on weekdays mostly and all the three meals on weekends.I would like to cook Chinese cuisine.My laundry will be scheduled on weekends.Occasionally,my couple of friends visit me for party which will be in the evenings of weekends and I will inform you in advance and invite you for participation.Of course,my schedule can be altered based on our negotiation.Can you do me favor for you to collection information and give some advice for living there?I need mobile phone,wifi service there,and the city transportation payment policy.You are welcome to suggest me about anything I need to follow but failed to mention in the email.I am looking forward to meeting you.(181words)Yours,Li Ming Part B48.Directions:Write an essay based on the following chart.In your writing,you should1)interpret the chart,and2)give your comments.You should write about150words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15points)The column chart illustrates the population statistics in urban and rural areas in China in the years of1990,2000,and2010respectively.There are sharp increase for urban population in the three survey years:300m,450m,and670m and slow decrease for rural population in the three survey years:820m,800m,and680m.For closer observation,we can see that the total population of China remain very subtle increase,leading us a conclusion that the sharp population increase in urban area is due to immigration from the rural area.So urbanization is the mainstream of the population structure. Urban area can offer much better living environment with much more chances for career,which is great attraction for people in rural area to move to city for settlement.However,the labour in rural area is mainly physical related,much lower rewarding.Thus the population structure can prove it. Besides,we can infer that population control policy is very effective since overall increase is trivial.(162words)2013考研英语(卷二)作文Section IV WritingPart A47.Directions:Suppose your class is to hold a charity sale for kids in need of help.Write your classmates an email to1)inform them about the details,and2)encourage them to participate.You should write about100words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own e“Li Ming”instead.Do not write your address.(10points)Dear classmates,I am the organizer for our class charity sale to be held in our class this Saturday afternoon, now writing the email to inform the following arrangement.For assisting the kids of friendship school,I have schemed the procedures of the charity sale based on our decision in our last class meeting.All your donations for auction need to reach our class by11:00AM this Saturday with your intended price on a tag.The auction will start at14:00 and is prospected to last for2hours.All the students of our class are welcome to participate the donation and auction,and the money raised will go into the account of friendship school for reference books to the library.I am looking forward to seeing you all this Saturday.Yours,Li MingPart B48.Directions:write an essay based on the following chart.In your writing,you should1)interpret the chart and2)give your commentsYou should write about150words on the ANSWER SHEET(150words).The column chart reveals percentages of university students in grade one,two,three and four respectively who are employed as part-timers.We can see that large fraction of students keep part-time jobs,to be specific,67.77%for grade one,71.13%for grade two,71.93%for grade three, and88.24%for grade four.University is a bridge between academic accumulation and career,which is quite apparent explanation for the large fraction of students working as part-timers.They desire to get internship, preparing for landing their profession.Percentages of students working in grade one,two and three remain pretty stable,to be specific,very trivial increase,showing that the attitude for majority of students to take part time work is very firmed.However,in graduate year,there exists rather sharp increase of16.31%from previous grade three.So there is urgent need for the students to get some work experience,which is fundamental for profession settlement.(153words)2012年考研英语(卷二)作文Section IV WritingPart A47.Directions:Suppose you have found something wrong with the electronic dictionary that you bought from an online store the other day.Write an email to the customer service center to1)make a complaint and2)demand a prompt solutionYou should write about100words on ANSERE SHEET2Do not sign your own name at the end of the e"Zhang Wei"instead.Do not write the address.(10points)Dear manager,I am your customer who bought an electronic dictionary from an online store manufactured by your company,but unfortunately a week later the screen of the dictionary was blackened for no reason.I believe the matter is so serious that I have to make the complaint to your product.Black screen shows that your product is with fatal design fault instead of accidental cause, which I believe exits in other products of the series.So I am seeking for compensation based on the postage is for your account.In the attachment of the email you may find my account for your consumer department to transfer my money back,together with a copy of certificate which one of your service centres in my city made to prove your product fault.Still,I hope your other products enjoy great reputation but this series does have quality problem.Yours,Zhang Wei48.Direction:Write an essay based on the following table.In your writing,you should1)describe the table,and2)give your commentsYou should write at least150words.You should write your essay on ANSWER SHEET2.(15points)某公司员工工作满意度调查The table surveys the work satisfaction of staff of a company about satisfaction,uncertainty, and dissatisfaction in age groups in percentages.Staff aged40and under show16.7%,50.0%,and 33.3%in the order of investigated items of satisfaction,uncertainty,and dissatisfaction.Staff aged 41--50express their work satisfaction as0.0%,36.0%and33.3%in the same order above.And Staff aged over50illustrate40.0%,50.0%,and10.0%respectively.We can obviously see that staff aged over50enjoy the most work satisfaction among the three groups,based on which we can conclude that the experienced senior staff are valued in the company.Staff aged41--50are the least satisfied among the three group about their work.I believe this is a dangerous indicator,since this age group are both pretty experienced and energetic and should be most productive.Staff aged40and under are the most energetic and should be very devoted into work since they are in their early stage of their profession,but the percentages are not very encouraging.The company should take some measures to improve working environment to improve work satisfaction.(187words)2011年考研英语（卷二）作文Part A48.Directions:Suppose your cousin LI MING has just been admitted to a university.Write him/her a letter to:(1)Congratulate him/her,and(2)Give him/her suggestions on how to get prepared for university life.You should write about100words on ANSWER SHEET2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter,Use“Zhang Wei”instead.Do not write the address.(10points)Dear Li Ming,I would like to share your happiness for your being admitted to your dream university.I congratulate you on your efforts paying off.I believe your diligence will pave you smooth way to your future ambition.However,I would like to remind you of the following for you to observe so that you can make more achievements.It is suitable for you to live in dormitory on campus but not home stay，to spare more time for attending university activities.You will have so many chances for signing up associations and clubs,but I strongly advise you to register the ones beneficial to your courses in major.You may start to seek for part-timer vacancy or volunteer job which is good for landing your future profession.I am looking forward to your frequent emails.Yours,Zhang WeiPart B48.Directions:Write an essay based on the following chart.In your writing,you should1)interpret the chart,and2)give your comments.You should write at least150words.Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET2(15points)The bar chart surveys the market shares of Chinese cars,Japaneses cars and American Cars are26%,35%,and12%respectively in2008,and32%,25%,and13%respectively in2009.Chinese cars,the only one of the three enjoys significant increase from26%in2008to32% in2009,proving the quality,service,and price are reliable or reasonable to Chinese customers.Of course there is possibility for the marketing strategy is more effective that the other two.Japanesecars experienced the only decrease among the three,but still positions as the second place,whose market share is almost twice as American’s.We can see that Chinese cars and Japanese cars are dominating market of China,and Chinese cars are more promising.However,Japanese cars in fact enjoy world fame so it is hard to predict the trend based on the only data of years investigation. American cars are in fact stable in their performance in market share.The figure tells us they need better marketing for car promotion if they want to increase selling in China.(178words)2010年考研英语(卷二)作文Part A47.Directions:You have just come back from the U.S.as a member of a Sino-American cultural exchange program.Write a letter to your American colleague to1)Express your thanks for his/her warm reception;2)Welcome him/her to visit China in due course.You should write about100words on ANSWER SHEET2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter,Use“Zhang Wei”instead.Do not write the address.(10points)Dear friend,I am writing the letter to express my sincere gratitude for your considerate reception to my smooth fulfilling the Sino-American cultural exchange program as one of the members.I could feel the warmth like home upon my arrival at the States and getting out of exit of airport instantly meeting you to pick me up.Besides,the entertainment is of excellence in every detail.Moreover,during the process of the programme,I am so lucky we were on a research team, handling every academic task with your good teamwork,making me harvest a lot.So I can not resist my delight to invite you again to visit China by taking the liberty of writing the letter.I will prepare my helping you very well in China,hoping you a very happy journey in the following summer vacation as we agreed on when I was in the States with you.Please send my regards to your family and I am looking forward to meeting you again in China.(161words)Yours,。

2010年杭州师范大学725综合英语考研试题杭州师范大学2010年招收攻读硕士研究生入学考试题考试科目代码：：725考试科目代码考试科目名称：：综合英语考试科目名称12345I. Cloze（每小题1分，共20分）Fill in the blanks with proper words.It is a good thing my aunt Harriet 1 years ago. If she were alive today she 2 not be able to air her views on her favorite topic of conversation: domestic _3. Aunt Harriet lived in that leisurely age 4 servants were employed to do housework. She had a huge, rambling country house ca lled ‘The Gables’. She was sentimentally attached 5 this 6, for even though it was far too big for her needs, she persisted 7 living there long 8 her husband’s death. Before she grew old, Aunt Harriet used to entertain lavishly.I often visited The Gables when I was a boy. No 9 how many guests were present, the great house was always immaculate(). The parquet floors 10 like mirrors; highly polished silver 11 displayed in gleaming glass cabinets; even my uncle’s huge collection of books was kept miraculously 12 from dust. Aunt Harriet presided 13 an invisible army of servants that continuously scrubbed, cleaned, and polished. She alwaysreferred to them 14 ‘the shifting population’, for they came and 15 with 16 frequency that I never even got a chance to 17 their names. Though my aunt pursued 18 was, in those days, an enlightened policy, in 19 she never allowed her domestic staff to 20 more than eight hours a day, she was extremely difficult to please.II. Reading Comprehension（每小题2分，共40分）Part ARead the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, Cor D.Text AIn recent years, linguists and language teachers have begun to describe language according not only to grammatical structure, using traditional concepts and terms such as the imperative, but also by function, that is, the use to which language is put. For example, add ‘please’ to the order ‘Open the window!’, and the structure remains imperative. The function of the utterance, however, is now that of request, and polite request at that. Function, then, is determined partly by the user’s attitude, and is realized by a variety of linguistic and paralinguistic features—vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation, tone of voice, gesture and facial expression. The language learner can often distinguish passively between certain basic functions—those of command and request, for example—although learning to use these different functions of language to communicate effectively is not always so easy.Function is also determined by the situation in which the language is used. ‘Be quiet!’ coming from a teacher tired of noisy pupils is obviously an order, or command. Used by onenervous bank robber to a fellow in crime, when he thinks he has heard a noise which could have been made by a suspicious policeman, the sentence would be a warning. Used again, as they prepare to blow open the safe, its function would be that of cautioning; too loud an explosion would give them away. Look at ‘the imperative’ in this way, then, and we realize that it consists of a small set of structural forms which can fulfill many different functions: command, prohibition, warning, persuasion, as well as many others.To sum up, the approach to the study and use of language through the examination of its functions has been enriching for teachers and learners alike. For both, of course, the functional approach does not do without the need for attention to be paid to the workings of the grammar of a language, but it is an approach which extends the uses to which the control of structure may be put.1. According to the text, language function is controlled by ________.[A] linguists and language teachers[B] linguistic and paralinguistic features[C] the speaker and listener[D] the user’s attitude a nd situation2. Adding ‘please’ to the utterance ‘Open the window’ does not change ________.[A] language function[B] grammatical structure[C] linguistic features[D] paralinguistic features3. The examples given in paragraph 2 illustrate the point that ________.[A] teachers are good at language functions but pupils are not[B] the same utterance can be used to express different meanings[C] the utterance ‘Be quiet’ is no longer an imperative sentence[D] bank robbers are skillful in using language functions4. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?[A] Language function is a traditional concept.[B] The functional approach has made language teachers wealthy.[C] Language function is not used in effective communication.[D] The knowledge of grammar cannot be replaced by language function.5. The text implies that language learners ________.[A] can learn how to use language functions easily in communication[B] can do better in examinations if they are taught language functions[C] will benefit from functional approach in language learning[D] will learn grammar better when they use language functionsText BFootball is not a new thing in Japan. In 1873 a British delegation advising Japan on how to build up its naval forces also organized the first game of football ever played there. The Japanese followed the British naval instructions well, scoringimpressive away victories in the Russo-Japanese War, but the football lessons were less successful. Baseball, introduced by American missionaries around the same time, became Japan’s national game. Football remained a minor sport until the late 1980s, when advertising executives identified it as a useful vehicle for reaching young consumers, many of whom find baseball too slow-moving. B ut by the late 90s Japan’s inconsistent young consumers began to move on to new crazes, like caring for robotic pet dogs. Some clubs went bankrupt and, despite the triumph of hosting the World Cup, football was once again a minor sport.Could anyone take the game as played in Japan seriously? For one thing, the Japanese call it socca, a language corruption of the sport’s name among Americans, who, of course, know next to nothing about the game. For another, Japanese crowds are polite. Painfully so. They hold up signs urging PLEASE SHOW US YOUR BEST PERFORMANCE. They shout ol é(which comes out or é) in response to impressive plays, while a samba band bangs away. At half-time fans line up to buy snacks. After games, smiling fans struggle eagerly to catch furry toys tossed into the crowd by the players --- once they have completed their postgame bowing ceremonies.On the pitch, Japanese players, their hair dyed bright colors to attract the attention of the thousands of young women who crowd the stands, display a discouraging lack of competitiveness. Is it really possible that a nation would produce football stars who are submissive and risk-shy? Yes, say the many European and South American coaches and players drawn to Japan by generous salaries. They struggle to explain this oddity. Perhaps, they suggest, the Japanese are not a people who are culturallyencouraged to express their individuality forcefully. As a result, the Japanese game often lacks the style and strength of South American and European football.6. What was the main purpose of a British delegation in Japan?[A] assist the Japanese in building warships[B] instruct the Japanese in increasing the size of its navy[C] help the Japanese to organize its first football game[D] train the Japanese for their first football match with the Russians7. We can infer from the passage that ________.[A] football became popular after Japan succeeded in its bid for the World Cup[B] baseball was introduced to Japan to replace football as a national game[C] baseball was popular because elderly Japanese found it slow-moving[D] football has been a national game in Japan for about a decade8. According to the writer, the term socca is a clue to ________.[A] why Japanese football is not to be taken seriously[B] why the Japanese do not attach importance to football[C] what Japanese and American football has in common[D] what the Japanese and the Americans are ignorant of9. The passage suggests that Japanese football is not as good as South American and European football in that ________.[A] foreign players enjoy higher salaries[B] foreign coaches do not work hard enough[C] Japanese players are brought up in a different culture[D] Japanese players are keen on attracting young women’s attention10. The writer’s attitude towards Japanese fans’ behavior can best be described as ________.[A] understanding[B] approving[C] appreciative[D] amusedText CWhenever I see anyone buying a National Lottery ticket I want to stop them and ask if they know just where their money is going.The lottery money is supposed to go to charity—but it makes me angry to see some of the so-called “good causes” it’s being used to support. Also, Camelot, the organizers, have made a profit of ￡10.8 million in five months. We hear now that a lot of that money is boosting the pay packets of the company’s bosses.For the past 10 years I’ve been helping to raise funds for a cancer research charity called T enovus. My husband, Sandy, died from cancer 11 years ago—he was only 51. There’s been a lo ng line of deaths in our family through cancer and it’s been devastating. I’ve also lost two sisters-in-law, my brother, Michael, my father-in-law and my father. That’s apart from several close friends.The charity is 50 years old now and raises money mainly for breast cancer research. It also runs a support line for the families of cancer sufferers. Our local group raises money through dances, sales and coffee mornings, and all the funds go directly to cancer research. In 1993 Tenovus raised ￡3 million—and half that money came from sales of our own lottery tickets at supermarkets. But our income has dropped by half since theNational Lottery was introduced.I’m not against people playing the National Lottery, but they should think about what they’re doing. The chances of winning the jackpot are so small; they might as well throw their money away. The Government tells us that the proceeds are going to things like the arts and sport, but what about the National Health Service? They should give some cash to that, too. How can they justify spending ridiculous amounts of cash on so-called works of art—like displays of potatoes—or buying up Winston Churchill’s papers at a cost of ￡12 million?So who really are the winners in the National Lottery? When I think of all that money people could be donating to cancer research, I could weep. It’s time people realized how charities across the country are suffering because of the National Lottery. It’s disheartening and so infuriating.11. The writer seems to hope that ________.[A] people will spend more money on the National Lottery[B] people will give more money to charity[C] most of the lottery money will go to charity[D] most of the lottery money will be used for cancer research12. The reason why the writer raises funds for cancer research is that ________.[A] she herself is suffering from cancer[B] the cancer is the most frightening disease[C] a number of her relatives died of cancer[D] some cancer research needs more money than other research13. In this text the writer is expressing ________.[A] her personal opinions[B] the opinions of the general public[C] her feelings about cancer sufferers[D] some ideas of fund-raising14. The organization “T enovus” is ________.[A] run by a group of people in the writer’s town[B] a charity organization which has some local groups[C] set up to collect money for people who lose their relatives[D] set up to assist the National Lottery15. From the text we can conclude that ________.[A] the writer is enthusiastically supporting the National Lottery[B] the writer has objections to the National Lottery[C] the writer believes that the lottery money should be used for cancer research[D] the writer is just expressing her feelings about collecting money for charityPart BRead the texts about five cities in Scotland. For questions 16 to 20, match the name of the city to one of the statements (A to G given below)ABER1FOYLE is the dramatically-set southern gateway to the beautiful Trossachs. The Scottish Wool Centre celebrates Scotland’s shepherding traditions with an entertaining and informative live show. Handspinners and weavers invite you to turn wool into cloth in the old-fashioned way, and on a sunny day there’s nothing more relaxing than to take a walk on the walkway beside the River Forth.ALEXANDRIA is near Loch Lomond. In 1904, it became the site for the Argyll Motor Works. John Logic Baird, television pioneer, learned his skills here. In May 1997 the factory becamethe home of the Classic Car Collection, a new museum of Scottish motoring memories appealing to the whole family: sit in an Edwardian car or climb aboard a 1920s lorry, there’s plenty to see. Valuable exhibits and a videowall bring the ‘collection to life.COATBRIDGE lies to the east of Glasgow. Most of the woolen sweaters produced here are famous names in Scotland—including The Edinburgh Woolen Mill—which are made here at Mackinnon Mills on Kirkshaws Road. From the manufacturing exhibition (view the complicated processes of high quality production) to a range of shops, the visitor center proudly proclaims “there is something to suit everyone, and all under one roof? You can also find the Mackinnon Mills Factory Outlet Shop which is attractive to bargain hunters.EDINBURGH is Scotland’s capital and, unti l the union with England in 1707, the site of its parliament. A short journey from the Royal Mile brings you to Leith, the seaport where Queen Mary landed on returning from France in 1561. At James Pringle Weavers, Leith Mills on Bangor Road, a well-produced exhibition tells the stirring history of tartan, a checked woolen cloth for which Scotland is famous.NEW LANARK was founded around 1785. The site exploited a natural energy source, the Falls of Clyde. Soon, mills employing 1,500 people had been built, together with houses for the workforce. Robert Owen developed the plan successfully and is still remembered as. an important social reformer. New Lanark has won major awards for heritage conservation and for the exceptional attractions. Pick up a bargain i n Owen’s Warehouse—Edinburgh Woolen Mill’s largest store in Scotland.Note: there are two extra statements.Statements16. ABERFOYLE [A] The tourist will see successful examples of old buildings17. ALEXANDRIA which have been protected.18. COATBRIDGE [B] The tourist will see how woolen garments are made.19. EDINBURGH [C] The tourist will see a roofless building of the Middle Ages.20. NEW LANARK [D] The tourist will see how sheep are tended and learn to weave.[E] The tourist will learn the history of the typical Scottish garmentmaterial.[F] The tourist will see how Scots make their famous alcoholicdrink.[G]The tourist will learn the history of Scotland’s automobileindustry.III. Translation（每小题20分，共40分）A. Translate the following passage from Chinese into English. (20%)B. Translate the following passage from English into Chinese. (20%)Although facts, as we said, are no argument and can even be disputed, it is easy to prove that present conditions are dangerous for the industrial arts, decidedly fatal for the traditional higher arts. The abundance of means is the first great danger with which art has to struggle. This expression is illogical, I admit (there is no abundance of means but only an inability to master them); however, it is justified in that it correctly describesthe inverted state of our conditions.IV. Paraphrase the following underlined parts or the whole sentences.（共20分）1. We often speak of language as a vehicle of expression--- a metaphor that can illumine many aspects of our foreign-language teaching situation. Language is a vehicle of meaning that we do not even realize we are using; in other words, a vehicle that is transporting a person’s message somewhere but is not itself the object of the trip2.The literary fashion of these days is not to know what you mean and to shrug a careless shoulder and say that you write what you write and the reader must make his own interpretation. The author’s observations are presumed to be pregnant; the reader is to be midwife and bring the child to birth. It is no business of genius to make itself plain.3. Most domestic beasts seem machines almost pure and simple, unhesitatingly doing from minute to minute the duties they have been taught, and giving no sign that the possibility of an alternative ever suggests itself to their mind.4. After the failure of his last novel his reputation stands on slippery grounds.5. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do.6. It is often said that, provided we are not of the unfortunate minority of people who have pathological( pathological: caused by or connected with disease) language defects, our language mechanism automatically equips us to say anything we need to say. What it means is that if my job or hobby entailed a knowledge of some activities, my language would rise to the occasion of talking about these activities.7. The social tensions of the times often foster a societyespecially prone to depression.V. Writing（共30分）Please write in at least 400 words a commentary essay based on the topic: What Role Does Linguistics Play in Language Learning? Pay attention to the focus of your theme, development of ideas, origination of structures and choice of dictions.。

目　录2011年浙江师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2012年浙江师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2013年浙江师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2011年浙江师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解I. Vocabulary and Grammar (30%, 1.5 points each)Directions: Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.1．These small firms _____ not long ago in order to meet the increasing demands for more electrical appliances.A. clusteredB. assembledC. linkedD. amalgamated【答案】D【解析】句意：为了应对电子设备需求的增长，这些小公司前不久实现了合并。

选项中四个单词均有“聚集、合拢”的意思，但侧重点不同。

（机构、公司）amalgamate合并。

cluster（人）聚集。

assemble集合；组装。

link联系。

因此，本题的正确答案为D。

2．My aunt has decided to spend her _____ years in the suburbs of Shanghai.A. diminishingB. decliningC. reducingD. dwindling【答案】B【解析】句意：我的阿姨决定在上海的郊区安度她的晚年。

本题考查惯用搭配。

选项中四个单词均有“下降、减少”的意思，但只有declining years为惯用搭配，意为“晚年”。

《英语写作》考试卷（A卷）（2009 ---2010 学年第 1 学期）考试形式闭卷考试对象 2009级非英语专业研究生考试时间 120 分钟出卷时间 2010 年 1 月 13 日说明：本卷分值_100__分，考生应将全部答案都写在答题纸上，否则作无效处理。

Part I. The following words are rather general. Write as many relevant specific words as possible. (At least 3 specific words for each general word) (10%)1.flower2.wind3.angryPart II. Rewrite the following sentences by eliminating the mistakes in them. (10%)1.With the cold climate and vegetation is scarce, firewood is a valuable resource.2.First, as we all know that cosmetics always contain complex chemical elements to whichmany people will be allergic.3.Many people get up early to jog along country lanes, to observe the wonder of nature, or justwatching the sun come up.4.Wearing uniform is a way to show our identity, however, it is not a good way to show ourown personalities.5.Some kinds of pollutions spread out so thick and fast that we cannot do anything effective toprevent it. Such as green house effect, it has caused the iceberg in two poles to melt.Part III. Read the following two paragraphs and write the numbers of the four sentences that do not help support their topic sentences. (10%)Paragraph 1:(1)In addition to fighting acne, I felt compelled to fight my family. (2)As a teenager, I needed to be independent. (3)At that time, the most important thing in life was to be close to my friends and to try out new, more adult experiences. (4)Unfortunately, my family seemed to get in the way.(5)My little brother, for instance, turned into my enemy. (6)We are close now, though. (7)In fact, Eddie recently painted my new apartment for me. (8)Eddie used to barge into my room, listen to my phone conversations, and read my secret letters. (9)I would threaten to tie him up and leavehim in a garbage dumpster. (10)He would scream, my mother would yell, and all hell would break loose. (11)My parents, too, were enemies. (12)They wouldn't let me stay out late, wear the clothes I wanted to wear, or hang around with the friends I liked. (13)So I tried to get revenge on them by being miserable, sulky, and sarcastic at home.Paragraph 2:(1)Football fans wear their official team T-shirts and warm-up jackets to the mall, the supermarket, the classroom, and even —if they can get away with it —to work. (2)Some workplaces allow their staff to wear whatever they like, but some do not. (3)If the team offers a giveaway item, the fans rush to the stadium to claim the hat or sports bag or water bottle that is being handed out that day. (4)Baseball fans go similarly nuts when their favorite teams give away some attractive freebie. (5)Football fans just plain behave insanely. (6)Even the fact that fans spend the coldest months of the year huddling on icy metal benches in places like Chicago proves it. (7)In addition, football fans decorate their houses with football-related items of every kind.(8)To them, team bumper stickers belong not only on car bumpers, but also on fireplace mantels and front doors. (9)When they go to a game, which they do as often as possible, they also decorate their bodies. (10)True football fans not only put on their team jackets and grab their pennants but also paint their heads to look like helmets or wear glow-in-the-dark cheeseheads. (11)At the game, these fans devote enormous energy to trying to get a "wave" going.Part IV. The box below summarizes the six kinds of introduction and three kinds of conclusions. Read the following introductions and conclusions and write the letter of the kind of introduction or conclusion in each paragraph. (10%)Introductions:Paragraph 1:Shortly before Easter, our local elementary school sponsored a fund-raising event at which classroom pets and their babies—hamsters, guinea pigs, and chicks—were available for adoption. Afterward, as I was driving home, I saw a hand drop a baby hamster out of the car ahead of me. I couldn't avoid running over the tiny creature. One of the parents had taken the pet, regretted the decision, and decided to get rid of it. Such people have never stopped to consider the several real obligations involved in owning a pet.Paragraph 2:“Few things are harder to put up with,” said Mark Twain, “than the annoyance of a good example.”Twain obviously knew the problems faced by siblings cursed with older brothers or sisters who are models of perfection. All our lives, my older sister Shelley and I have been compared. Unfortunately, in competition with my sister’s virtues, my looks, talents, and accomplishments always ended up on the losing side.Paragraph 3:Many people who have grown up in multichild families think that being an only child is the best of all possible worlds. They point to such benefits as the only child's annual new wardrobe and the lack of competition for parental love. But single-child status isn't as good as people say it is. Instead of having everything they want, only children are sometimes denied certain basic human needs.Conclusions:Paragraph 1:Although I always lost in the sibling contests of looks, talents, and accomplishments, Shelley and I have somehow managed not to turn into deadly enemies. Feeling like the "dud" of the family, in fact, helped me to develop a drive to succeed and a sense of humor. In our sibling rivalry, we both managed to win.Paragraph 2:Therefore, the next time you see TV viewers, shoppers, or Internet surfers with eyes as glazed and empty as polished doorknobs, you'll know these people are in a protective altered state. Be gentle with them. They are merely trying to cope with the mind-numbing inventions of modern life.Part V. The following essay has no indentations starting new paragraphs. Read it carefully and then write the numbers of the thesis statement and the topic sentence of each of the three supporting paragraphs and the first sentence of the conclusion. (10%)Reactions to Disappointment(1)Ben Franklin said that the only sure things in life are death and taxes. (2)He left something out, however: disappointment. (3)No one gets through life without experiencing many disappointments. (4)Strangely, though, most people seem unprepared for disappointment and react to it in negative ways. (5)They feel depressed or try to escape their troubles instead of using disappointment as an opportunity for growth. (6)One negative reaction to disappointment is depression. (7)For example, Helen, a woman trying to win a promotion, works hard for over ayear in her department. (8)Helen is so sure she will get the promotion, in fact, that she has already picked out the car she will buy when her salary increase comes through. (9)However, the boss names one of Helen's coworkers to the spot. (10)The fact that all the other department employees tell Helen that she is the one who really deserved the promotion doesn't help her deal with the crushing disappointment. (11)Deeply depressed, Helen decides that all her goals are doomed to defeat. (12)She loses her enthusiasm for her job and can barely force herself to show up every day.(13)Helen tells herself that she is a failure and that doing a good job just isn't worth the work.(14)Another negative reaction to disappointment, and one that often follows depression, is the desire to escape. (15)Jamal fails to get into the college his brother is attending, the college that was the focus of all his dreams, and decides to escape his disappointment. (16)Why worry about college at all? Instead, he covers up his real feelings by giving up on his schoolwork and getting completely involved with friends, parties, and "good times." (17)Or Carla doesn't make the varsity basketball team—something she wanted very badly—and so refuses to play sports at all. (18)She decides to hang around with a new set of friends who get high every day; then she won't have to confront her disappointment and learn to live with it. (19)The positive way to react to disappointment is to use it as a chance for growth. (20)This isn't easy, but it's the only useful way to deal with an inevitable part of life. (21)Helen, the woman who wasn't promoted, could have handled her disappointment by looking at other options. (22)If her boss doesn't recognize her talent and hard work, perhaps she could transfer to another department. (23)Or she could ask the boss how to improve her performance so that she would be a shoo-in for the next promotion.(24)Jamal, the boy who didn't get into the college of his choice, should look into other schools.(25)Going to another college may encourage him to be his own person, step out of his brother's shadow, and realize that being turned down by one college isn’t a final judgment on his abilities or potential. (26)Rather than escape into drugs, Carla could improve her basketball skills for a year or pick up another sport — like swimming or tennis — that would probably turn out to be more useful to her as an adult. (27)Disappointments are unwelcome but regular visitors to everyone's life. (28)We can feel depressed about them, or we can try to escape from them. (29)The best thing, though, is to accept a disappointment and then try to use it somehow: Step over the unwelcome visitor on the doorstep and get on with life.Thesis statement: ______________________________Topic sentence of first supporting paragraph: _____________________________Topic sentence of second supporting paragraph: __________________________Topic sentence of third supporting paragraph: __________________________First sentence of the conclusion: _____________________________________Part VI. Write a composition of about 200 –300 words according to the following directions. (Choose one of the topics) (50%)1.Directions: Use at least two examples to show that sometimes people arerather sentimental. You are advised to write it as an illustration essay.Remember to write it clearly and neatly on your answer sheet.2.Directions: Write an essay to analyze the reasons why some students are notso active in class. You need to write a cause and effect essay.3.Directions: Write an essay to classify advertisements. Note that yourclassification should be reasonable and consistent.。

10年考研英语二作文Ten years have passed since I took the postgraduate entrance examination. Looking back, I still remember the hardships and challenges I faced during that time. However, the experience has taught me valuable lessons and helped me grow as a person.When I decided to take the postgraduate entrance examination, I knew it would not be easy. I had to balance my studies with my job, and I had to sacrifice my leisure time to prepare for the exam. I spent countless hours reading textbooks, solving problems, and practicing my writing skills. Sometimes, I felt overwhelmed and discouraged, but I didn't give up. I reminded myself of my goal and kept pushing forward.The day of the examination was nerve-wracking. I was anxious and nervous, but I tried to stay calm and focused.I answered the questions to the best of my ability and hoped for the best. When the results came out, I wasoverjoyed to find out that I had passed. It was one of the happiest moments of my life.The experience of taking the postgraduate entrance examination taught me many things. Firstly, it taught me the importance of perseverance. No matter how difficult the task may seem, if you keep working hard, you will eventually achieve your goal. Secondly, it taught me the value of time management. By prioritizing my tasks and making the most of my time, I was able to balance my studies and my job. Lastly, it taught me the power of determination. With a clear goal in mind and a strong determination to succeed, I was able to overcome the challenges and achieve my dream.In conclusion, taking the postgraduate entrance examination was a challenging but rewarding experience. It taught me valuable lessons that I will carry with me for the rest of my life. I am grateful for the opportunity to have taken the exam and for the lessons it has taught me.。

2010考研英语作文真题I woke up this morning feeling a sense of excitementand anticipation. The sun was shining brightly through my window, and I knew it was going to be a great day.As I walked to the kitchen, the smell of freshly brewed coffee filled the air. I poured myself a cup and savoredthe rich, bold flavor. It was the perfect way to start my day.After breakfast, I decided to go for a walk in the park. The birds were chirping, the flowers were in bloom, and the sun was warm on my skin. It was a beautiful day to be outside.In the afternoon, I met up with some friends for lunch. We sat at a cozy cafe, chatting and laughing as we enjoyed our meal. It was so nice to catch up and spend time together.As the day drew to a close, I reflected on how lucky I was to have such wonderful people in my life. I felt grateful for all the love and support that surrounded me.As I got ready for bed, I couldn't help but smile. It had been a perfect day, filled with simple joys and happy moments. I drifted off to sleep feeling content and at peace.。

(2010-2020)高考英语真题写作翻译+范文-浙江卷（应用文写作）2020浙江7月|应用文写作-外交因病回国休假，慰问题目要求假定你是李华，你校来自爱尔兰的外教Peter因病回国休假。

请给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1. 询问近况；2. 分享班级最新消息；3. 表达祝愿。

注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 请翻译：1. 我叫李华，三年级三班的中国学生。

浙江师范大学2012年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题(A卷)科目代码:903科目名称:阅读与写作适用专业:045103学科教学（语文）提示：1、请将所有答案写于答题纸上，写在试题纸上的不给分；2、请填写准考证号后6位：____________。

一、阅读部分（共60分）（一）阅读下面这篇文章，完成第1—3题。

（共10分）（新闻背景）近年来，上海不少剧场在提升市民欣赏水平、培育公众艺术素养方面花了颇多心思。

上海大剧院开设了“艺术课堂”，以现场示范表演、观赏经典视频、讲解和互动交流等方式做艺术普及教育。

东方艺术中心的“东方市民音乐会”邀请国内外指挥家和乐团举办公益专场演出。

这两个品牌自2006年推出以来，已经吸引近80万听众。

创立于上世纪80年代的上海音乐厅“星期广播音乐会”、“星期戏曲广播会”至今已累计举办近千期。

此外，天蟾逸夫舞台的“好戏大家看”、上海话剧艺术中心的“话剧下午茶”以及文化广场剧场新近推出的“剧艺堂”，也都在为上海的艺术普及教育出力，并且正形成系列品牌。

11月25日晚9：05，当长达近半小时的李斯特《b小调奏鸣曲》落下最后一个音符，时间仿佛凝固了一小会儿，全场观众心照不宣地保持了十几秒钟的静默，没人抢着鼓掌。

直到法国钢琴家皮埃尔·劳伦·艾玛尔的双手从黑白琴键上徐徐移开、垂落膝头，热烈的掌声才在上海音乐厅响起。

艾玛尔的独奏音乐会比较“另类”，这位钢琴家擅长演奏现代派作品，选了多首听来深奥、玄秘的曲子，而上海的听众似乎蛮“懂行”。

演出结束后，一位听众意犹未尽地写下一条微博：“虽然对现代音乐不太了解和喜爱，但艾玛尔的演奏还是把我惊艳到了。

他将解静娴女士在音乐会前总结的‘现代音乐三要素：张力、色彩和空间’表现得淋漓尽致，每一个乐句都处理得相当细腻而充满感情，让我开始愿意慢慢地从那些毫无美感的音乐碎片中寻找美……”这段话，将上海听众的“懂行”透了底：在这场音乐会前，许多人听了“知音30分”普及导赏讲座，听到了“解静娴女士的总结”（一）请行家“说音解乐”“什么是现代派音乐？大家对它有没有什么特别的想法？我发现很多人一听说‘现代派’，感觉就是‘听不懂’、‘杂乱无章’、‘没有逻辑’。

1 Part Listening Comprehension 25 minutes Section A Directions: In this section you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause you must read the four choices marked A B C and D and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Example: You will hear: You will read: A2 hours. B3 hours. C4 hours. D5 hours. From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore D “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose〔D〕on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre. Sample Answer 〔A〕〔B〕〔C〕〔D〕1. A The man thinks traveling by air is quite safe. B The woman never travels by plane. C Both speakers feel nervous when flying. D The speakers feel sad about the serious loss of life. 2. A At the information desk. B In an office. C In a restaurant. D At a railway station. 3. A Write the letter. B Paint the shelf. C Fix the shelf. D Look for the pen. 4. A It gives a 30 discount to all customers. B It is run by Mrs. Winter’s husband. C It hires Mrs. Winter as an adviser.D It encourages husbands to shop on their own. 5. A Long exposure to the sun. B Lack of sleep. C Too tight a hat. D Long working hours. 6. A His English is still poor after ten years in America. B He doesn’t mind speaking English with an accent. C He doesn’t like the way Americans speak. D He speaks English as if he were a native speaker. 7. A An auto mechanic. B An electrician. C A carpenter. D A telephone repairman. 8. A They both enjoyed watching the game. B The man thought the results were beyond their expectations. C They both felt good about the results of the game. D People were surprised at their winning the game. 9. A Manager and employee. BSalesman and customer. C Guide and tourist. DProfessor and student. 2 10. A Tom has arranged a surprise party for Lucy. B Tom will keep the surprise party a secret. C Tom and Lucy have no secrets from each other. D Tom didn’t make any promise to Lucy. Section B Directions: In this section you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A B C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard. 12. A 50 C Most Londoners took Ex D Most Londoners complained about the trouble caused by Exercise Flood Call. Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard. 14. A It limited their supply of food. B It made their eggsh C It destroyed many of their nests. C They explored new wa 16. A Pollution of the environment. C Over-killing by hunters. D Destruction of their natural homes. Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard. 3 D Whether it will affect their own l 19. A Storms and floods. C Less space for their growth. D Rapid increase of the animal population. D They will face extinction without artificial reproduction. Part Reading Comprehension 35 minutes Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A B C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage One Birds that are literally half-asleep—with one brain hemisphere alert and the other sleeping—control which side of the brain remains awake according to a new study ofsleeping Earlier studies have documented half-brain sleep in a wide range of birds. The brain hemispheres take turns sinking into the sleep stage characterized by slow brain waves. The eye controlled by the sleeping hemisphere keeps shut while the wakeful hemisphere’s eyes stays open and alert. Birds also can sleep with both hemispheres resting at once Decades of studies of bird flocks led researchers to predict extra alertness in the more vulnerable end-of-the-row sleepers. Sure enough the end birds tended to watch carefully on the side away from their companions. Ducks in the inner spots showed no Also birds dozing 打盹at the end of the line resorted to single-hemisphere sleep rather than total relaxation more often than inner ducks did. Rotating 16 birds through the positions in a four-duck row the researchers found outer birds half-asleep during some 32 percent of dozing time “We believe this is the first evidence for an animal behaviorally controlling sleep and wakefulness simultaneously in different region The results provide the best evidence for a long-standing supposition that single-hemisphere sleep evolved as creatures scanned for enemies. The preference for opening an eye on the lookout side could be widespread he predicts. He’s seen it in a pair of birds dozing side-by-side in the zoo and in a single pet bird sleeping by a mirror. The mirror-side eye closed as if the reflection were a Useful as half-sleeping might be it’s only been found in birds and such water mammals 哺乳动物as dolphins whales and seals. Perhaps keeping one side of the brain awake allows a sleeping 4 Studies of birds may offer unique insights into sleep.J erome M. Siegel of the UCLA says he wonders if birds’ half-brain sleep “is just the tipof the iceberg 冰山.” He speculates that more 21. A new study on birds’ sleep has revealed that __ A half- B half- C birds can control their half- 22. According to t D they have to constantly keep an eye on their co 23. The example of a bird sleeping in front of a mirror indicates that _____. C even an imagined companion gives the bird a sen C be sensitive to the ever- 25. By “just the tip of the iceberg” Line 2 Para. 8 Si egel suggests that ______. A half- B the mystery of half- D half-brain sleep is a phenomenon that could exist among other species ______. Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. A nine-year-old schoolgirl single-handedly cooks up a science-fair experiment that ends up debunking 揭穿…的真相 a widely practiced medical treatment. Emily Rosa’s target was a practice known as therapeutic 治疗的touch TT for short whose advocates manipulate patients “energy field” to make them feel better and ev en say some to cure them of various ills. Yet Emily’s test shows that these energy fields can’t be detected even by trained TT practitioners 行医者. Obviously mindful of the publicity value of the situation Journal editor George Lundberg appeared Emily’s moth er Linda Rosa a registered nurse has been campaigning against TT for nearly a decade. Linda first thought about TT in the late ’80s when she learned it was on the approved list for continuing nursing education in Colorado. Its 100000 trained practitioners 48000 in the U.S. don’t even touch their patients. Instead they waved their hands a few inches from the patient’s body 5 pushing energy fields around until they’re in “balance.” TT advocates say these manipulations can help heal wounds relieve pain and red uce fever. The claims are taken seriously enough that TT therapists are frequently hired by leading hospitals at up to 70 an hour to smooth patients’ energy Yet Rosa could not find any evidence that it works. To provide such proof TT therapists would have to sit down for independent testing—something they haven’t been eager to do even though James Randi has offered more than 1 million to anyone who can demonstrate the existence of a human energy field. He’s had one taker so far. She failed. A skeptic might conclude that TTpractitioners are afraid to lay their beliefs on the line.But who could turn down an innocent fourth-grader Says Emily: “I think they didn’t take me very seriously because I’m a kid.” The experiment was straightforward: 21 TT therapists st uck their hands palms up through a screen. Emily held her own hand over one of theirs—left or right—and the practitioners had to say which hand it was. When the results were recorded they’d done no better than they would have by B Many patients were cured by therapeut B they B to find out how TT A It involved nothing more th 30. What can we learn from the passageA Some widely accepted beliefs can D The principle of TT is too profound to understand. Passage Three What might driving on an automated highway be like The answer depends on what kind of 6 system is ultimately adopted. Two distinct types are on the drawing board. The first is a special-purpose lane system in which certain lanes are reserved for automated vehicles. The second is a mixed traffic system fully automated vehicles would share the road with partially automated or manually driven cars. A special-purpose lane system would require more extensive physical modifications to existing highways but it promises the greatest gains in freeway 高速公路capacity. Under either scheme the driver would specify the desired destination furnishing this information to a computer in the car at the beginning of the trip or perhaps just before reaching the automated highway. If a mixed traffic system was in place automated driving could begin whenever the driver was on suitably equipped roads. If special-purpose lanes were available the car could enter them and join existing traffic in two different ways. One method would use a special onramp 入口引道. As the driver approached the point of entry for the highway devices installed on the roadside would electronically check the vehicle to determine its destination and to ascertain that it had the proper automation equipment in good working order. Assuming it passed such tests the driver would then be guided through a gate and toward an automated lane. In this case the transition from manual to automated control would take place on the entrance ramp. An alternative technique could employ conventional lanes which would be shared by automated and regular vehicle would then shift under computer control onto a lane reserved for automated traffic. The limitation of these lanes to automated traffic would presumably be well respected because all trespassers 非法进入者Either approach to joining a lane of automated traffic would harmonize the movement of newly entering vehicles with those already traveling. Automatic control here should allow for smooth merging without the usual uncertainties and potential for accidents. And once a vehicle had settled into automated travel the driver would be free to release the wheel open the morning paper or just 31. We learn from the first paragraph that two system 32. A special-purpose lane system is probably advantageous in that ____. A it would require only 33. Which of the following is true about driving on an automated highway A Vehicles traveling on it are assigned different lanes according to their destination. C The driver should inform his car computer of his destination D The driver should share the automated lane with those of regular vehicles.34. We know from the passage that a car can enter a special- B by way of a 7 A should harmonize with newly entering cars B doesn’t have to rely o C should watch out for potential accidents D doesn’t have to h old on to the steering wheel Passage Four Taking charge of yourself involves putting to rest some very prevalent myths. As the top of the list is the notion that intelligence is measured by your ability to solve complex problems to read write and compute at certain levels and to resolve abstract equations quickly. This vision of intelligence asserts formal education and bookish excellence as the truemeasures of self-fulfillment. It encourages a kind of intellectual prejudice that has brought with it some discouraging results. We have come to believe that someone who has more educational merit badges who is very good at some form of school discipline is “intelligent”. Yet mental hospitals are filled with patients who have all of the properly lettered certificates. A truer indicator of intelligence is an effective happy life lived each day and each present momen If you are happy if you live each moment for everything it’s worth then you are an intelligent person. Problem solving is a useful help to your happiness but if you know that given your inability to resolve a particular concern you can still choose happiness for yourself or at a minimum refuse to choose unhappiness then you are intelligent. You are intelligent because you have the ultimate weapon against the big N.B.D.—“Intelligent” people do not have N.B.D.’s because they are in charge of themselves. They know how to choose happiness over depression because they know how to deal with the problems of their You can begin to think of yourself as truly intelligent on the basis of how you choose to feel in the face of trying circumstances. The life struggles are pretty much the same for each of us. Everyone who is involved with other human beings in any social context has similar difficulties. Disagreements conflicts and compromises are a part of what it means to be human. Similarly money growing old sickness deaths natural disasters and accidents are all events which present problems to virtually all human beings. But some people are able to make it to avoid immobilizing depression and unhappiness despite such occurrences while others collapse or have an N.B.D. Those who recognize problems as a human condition and don’t measure happiness by an absence of 36. According to the author the conventional notion of intelligence measured in terms of one’s D will contribute to one’s self- A may result in one’s inability to solve complex real- C may make 8 B depression and unhappiness are unavoidable in l A Those who don’t emphasize bookish excellence in their pursuit o f D Those who are able to secure happiness though having to struggle against trying Part Vocabulary 15 minutes Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A BCand D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corres 41. Starting with the ____ that there is life on the planet Mars the scientist went on to develop his A premise B pretext C foundation D prese 43. Their diplomatic principles completely laid bare their ____ for world conquest. 45. The Christmas t A elements B components 47. Cultural ____ indicates that human beings hand their languages down from one generation to 48. We must look beyond ____ and A respective B respectable C 50. If nothing is done to protect the environment millions of species that are alive today will have become ____ . 9 51. The____ of the scientific attitude is that the human mind can succeed in understanding the A perpetual 54. Having had her as a professor and adviser I can tell you that she is an ____ force who pushes her 55. Some researchers feel that certain people have nervous systems particularly ____ to hot dry winds. They are what we call weather- 56. Hurricanes are killer winds and their ____ power lies in the physical damage they can 58. In spite of 59. Body paint or face paint is used mostly by men in pre-literate societies in order to attract good health or to Par.。