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雅思写作双边讨论型的折衷观点和折衷方案

雅思写作双边讨论型的折衷观点和折衷方案
雅思写作双边讨论型的折衷观点和折衷方案

雅思写作双边讨论型的折衷观点和折衷方案

针对雅思议论文写作中的辩论式话题,在教学中我们通常会向学生介绍两种安排结构的方式,即单边支持和双边讨论。所谓单边支持,顾名思义就是文章的辩论从一边展开,作者的观点和理由呈现“一边倒”的形式;而双边讨论型文章的特点则是文章针对题目所提出的话题,从正反(即支持和反对)两个方面展开辩论。单边支持和双边讨论结构的文章有着各自的特点和谋篇布局的套路,不同的题目可能适合不同类型的结构。但无论是用什么样的结构,作为议论文写作,论点、论据和论证都是必不可少的,特别是论点,没有论点或论点不清的文章是绝不可能拿高分的。然而在双边讨论型文章教学中,经常会发现学生对于如何提出观点感到非常迷惑。本文将从如何提出“折衷观点”和“折衷方案”这个角度对于双边讨论型文章的观点设计进行简单分析。

一,何为“折衷观点”和“折衷方案”。

很多雅思写作考题的提问方式都是“Do you agree or disagree?”或者“To what extent do you agree or disagree?”。很多刚刚接触雅思考试的学生甚至是老师认为对于这种提问方式无非就是yes或no两种答案,所以文章的观点也就只能是同意或者不同意了。其实,对于这类提问,也可以采用“折衷”的观点,即“partly agree,partly disagree”(部分同意,部分不同意)。但是前提是一定要在文章中从支持和反对的两方面都阐述一些理由,而且最好再提出一种“折衷”方案。例如,考题问“现在很多人用动物做试验,你同意吗?”,考生可以在文中分别讨论支持和反对动物试验的理由,最后提出动物试验既有好处也有坏处,这就是一种“折衷”观点。除此之外,作者还提出了是否能用动物来做试验主要是取决于试验是否能给人类生活带来显著的改善(比如帮助人类发明治疗Aids的药物),这就属于“折衷”方案。

二,“折衷观点”和“折衷方案”的几种形式。

那么如何提出“折衷观点”呢?“折衷方案”又有哪几种形式呢?下面笔者将对常见的几种安排折衷观点和折衷方案的形式,结合相应的考题进行总结。

(1)兴利除弊

“兴利除弊”应该是一种比较简单的折衷方案,在优缺点类文章中特别常用。即在分析完考题所涉及事物的优缺点之后,在结尾段提出“优缺点都有,我们要兴利除弊”这样的折衷方案。例如以下考题:

The advantages brought by the spread of English as a “global language” will outweigh the disadvantages. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this view?

在讨论完英语作为全球性语言的利与弊之后,结尾段可以这样提出折衷观点:

To sum up, it is difficult to tell whether or not the advantages outweigh the disadvantages regarding the spread of English as a global language. What we may have to consider is how to accept this trend as positive while at the same time staying away from its drawbacks.

(2)平衡发展

很多考题需要考生讨论两种观点,通常会有“discuss both views and give yo ur own opinion”这样的提问要求。很多情况下,文中说到的两种观点表面上看来是完全相反,但其实并不矛盾,可以用“平衡发展”的思路来提出观点。例如考题:

Some people think that cultural traditions may be destroyed when they are used as money-making attractions aimed at tourists. Others believe it is the only way to save these traditions. Discuss on both sides and give your opinion.

在讨论完发展旅游的必要性和保护文化传统的重要性之后,结尾段可以这样提出折衷方案:

We should find the right balance between tourism development and cultural protection and I believe the government has a very important role to play here. In my own country, for example, many tourist cities have made effective development plans to successfully attract large numbers of visitors while still preserving their distinct cultural traditions.

(3)取决于……

有时在讨论完A和B两种观点以后,可以提出类似于“同意A还是B要取决于……”这样的折衷观点,前文讲到的动物试验是否可以进行取决于试验的性质就是属于这样的方案。再比如下面这个例子:

Some people think that the animals should be treated as pets; others think that animals are sources of food and clothing. What is your opinion?

在讨论完动物当宠物养的理由和动物当食物吃的理由之后,结尾段可以这样提出观点:

From my point of view, there is no absolute answer as to whether animals should be treated like pets or as sources of food and clothes. It largely depends on what kinds of animals they are. But what remains undoubted is that we should treat animals with a humane attitude an d bear in mind that they are important in preserving nature’s ecological equilibrium.

(4)解决方法

很多双边讨论型文章中所讨论的两种观点其实是可以通过某种方案来“化解矛盾”的,例如这道考题:

In many countries, good schools and medical facilities are available only in cities. Some people think new teachers and doctors should wok in rural areas for a few years, but others think everyone should be free to choose where they work. Discuss and give your own opinion.

在讨论完“支边”的利(缩小城乡差距)与弊(年轻人丧失自由)之后,我们可以提出这样一种解决方案:

The best solution, therefore, is not to order, but to encourage. We should instill a sense of responsibility in young people and give more incentives to those who are willing to work in difficult areas, so that we can address the problem of urban-rural disparity while respecting whatever decisions new teachers or doctors have made.

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雅思写作例句 高级词汇

雅思写作例句高级词汇 1. Some children may be allowed to have whatever they want, regardless of price, and to behave as they please. 雅思写作的时候大部分同学不会去用please当做动词,这里的please相信各位也能很轻松的判断出来,as they please就等于as they want。 2. I think the solution to the problem lies with the families, who need to be more aware of the future consequences of spoiling their children. If they could raise them to be considerate of others, the whole community would benefit. 写雅思大作文上的时候,我们一般写到“谁应该解决某问题”的句子,最常见的写法是sb should be responsible for.....或者sb should take the initiative to do sth 这里,考官告诉我们sb不一定非要当做主语,比如我们翻译“为了环境保护,政府应该设定更严格的法律”这句话,可以写成: The solution to environmental pollution lies with governments that should implement stricter policies. 3. The government should fund this kind of parental support. 提供资金帮助是雅思写作中很常用的表达,一般的表达是give sb financial support,这里可以直接应用fund一个词表示提供资金。 4. The reasons for this trend may involve the recognition that a young adult who passes directly from school to university is rather restricted in terms of general knowledge and experience of the world. 这里是帮助大家去翻译“高中毕业之后直接上大学”的说法,可能更多的同学就是字面翻译成students who go to universities directly after graduating from high school,pass directly from school to university更加地道一些~ 5. Just like movie stars, some sports stars live extravagant lifestyles with huge houses and cars. 这里是稍微区别一下extravagant和luxury的区别,extravagant更多指的是没有节制的那种,而luxury一般是指something expensive that you enjoy but do not really need,这两个词之间还是有区别哈~ 6. However, reaching the conclusion that change is inevitable is not the same as assuming that change is always for the better.

雅思大作文写作范例

雅思大作文(simplified version) Writing task 2 You should spend about 40 minutes on this task Write about the following topic: Give reasons for you answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. Write about 250 words. Sample answer Animals are very useful to humans in medical experiments. Many people argue that animals should not be used for testing medical technology and drug developments. On the other hand, others claim that without animal testing, some patients would suffer and even die from their diseases. I agree that we should not use animals for experiments. In other words, animal testing should be stopped. First, animal tests violate animals’rights. Nothing seems more brutal than taking away a life, no matter it belongs to a man or an animal. Second, not all the experiments are reliable. The treatment and drugs which are effective to animals sometimes are useless and even have negative effects on humans. Third, not all the experiments are necessary. With the development of technology, computer simulation can achieve similar results. However, those people who strongly believe that we should use animals in experiments have reasons for it. For one thing, animal testing allows scientists to test and create new drugs. It would be cruel that some people die of a disease because there is not enough information on the effective treatment of the disease. For another, now there are no other better methods to replace animal tests. Therefore, animal tests are still regarded as the only reliable and feasible method for that purpose. More importantly, animals such as monkeys or rabbits which are often used in experiments are easily bred. We don’t need to worry about their extinction. Furthermore, most countries set standards for animal treatment during test the test, and laboratories have regulations to prevent cruelty. From the above comparison and contrast, I can confidently conclude that animals should not be used for testing medical technology and drug developments. Being creatures, animals can enjoy the same rights as humans. Information from animal tests do not perfectly apply to humans. I believe that other better methods will soon be discovered to replace the cruel animal tests.

2010年雅思作文分类+论点

教育类: 2010年5月8日: Some people believe that schools should concentrate on teaching students the academic subjects that will be useful for their future careers. Subjects such as music and sports are not useful. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Disagree 1.教授学术性的科目固然重要,但是还有一些东西不能忽略,例 如:培养学生的文化情操,锻炼学生的体质。 音乐和体育在这方面起到重要的角色。举例子:music sports 2.文化情操和体质在今后的工作也是不可缺少的。举例。Music sports 2010年5月15日: Nowadays, distance-learning programs are such common thing for us (the study material by post, by internet), but some people argue that courses can never be taken as good as those by attending in a college or university in person. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Agree: 1.去大学学习可以和同学进一步的交流对于课程的理解,甚至可以 进行讨论。课程就能够被更好的接受。 2.某些课程只能够在大学中学习到,例如:实验课 3.亲自去大学学习可以及时向授课老师询问学习方法和对课程的 疑惑之处。 4.大学的学习氛围 2010年5月20日: Some people think children should obey the rules their parents and teachers set and listen to them, but others think less control will help children to deal with their future adult life. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 观点一: 1.家长和老师具有be equipped with ;in possession of 丰富的经验,因此对事物的看法和理解就会能准确。听从他们的建议可以让我们少走弯路。举例子: 2.对老师和家长的尊重,这样可以培养我们懂礼貌的品质,这对于今后的工作有好处。

雅思作文写作Task2第四课时—观点类

雅思作文写作Task2第四课时—观点类

IELTS大作文讲解:agree & disagree/what's your opinion 类作文学生面授老师 时间本次课时IELTS写作第四课 时 教学思路1.作文简介、写作技巧 2.实例分析 3.课后作业 教学目标1. 观点类作文理论分析 2. 掌握此类作文基本特征和写作方法 3. 学习写作思路,掌握写作套路 讲解重点题目特点 解题思路 写作技巧以及范文分析 备考资料剑桥真题、《雅思写作套路剖析与范例大全》

教学详细内容: 一、分析雅思写作——观点类理论 1.题目特点及解题思路 ?题目特点: Express your opinion about… (To what extent)do you agree or disagree? What is your opinion about…? How do you think about…? ?解题思路: 这种题的写法较灵活,考生的回答能够是正面的也能够是反面的,还能够从正、反两个方面论述。 2.写作技巧及知识点 1)开头段 ?Sentence 1 :background(general statement) 第一句话:文章的背景(一般的介绍) ?如何写背景句? 首先,确定题目讨论哪个方面的问题,然后以这个问题为中心,写一句介绍性的话。 例:Some people who have been successful in the society don’t attribute their success to the theoretical

knowledge they learned from their university. Do you agree or disagree? 这个题目讨论的是个人成功或者理论知识,那么就围绕这几个单词写一个陈述句: 开头句一: People have long been interested in identifying the forces that contribute to personal achievement. 开头句二: The importance of theoretical knowledge to one’s success is a matter for debate. 考生能够记住一些开头句的句型,比如the importance of…to…is a matter for debate等,并将此运用在不同的题目练习中,这样就能够在考场上迅速写出开头段了。 注:考生在考场上能够按照实际情况自由掌握句子的数量,未必一定要写三句。 ?Sentence 2: rephrase the topic(thesis statement) 第二句话:改写题目(点名论题) 很多考生在这里容易犯两个错误:一是照抄题目,二是句子过长。解决方法如下:

雅思作文八分经典范文

雅思作文八分经典范文:环境、资源与交通问题 The unlimited use of cars may cause many problems.What are those problems?In order to reduce the problems,should we discourage people to use cars? The fast increase in the number of cars have brought along many related problems which are well worth our greatest attention. First of all,urban traffic is getting from bad to worse.I’d like to cite my own experience as an example.Five years ago,it took me about30minutes to drive from home to office.One year later,I needed to spend about40minutes on the way.Then two years later,I had to start out from home at least1hour earlier in order to get to my office on good time for work.And then,since last year,it has just been too normal for me to spend about one and half hours to make it.The traffic just moves like a worm! Second,with the ever growing number of cars,air quality in urban areas is deteriorating with each passing day.We used to see clear blue sky and breathe fresh air,but now this would be a real luxury.Car exhaust has seriously polluted the air and people’s health is greatly endangered.It seems certain that we human beings have already made a fatal mistake that could only be remedied by bringing down the number of cars hugely. Sure,we can not deny the fact that cars have brought us speed,comfort and greater mobility.However,these have already been history.We are suffering much more from cars than benefiting from them.Our health conditions are going down rapidly both due to the polluted air that we have to breathe every second and our lack of exercise as a result of the ever increasing amount of time we have to spend behind the wheel! What can we do?From the foregoing discussion,I’m sure we have already found a solution:to discourage people to use cars!I know very well that science and technology are also developing very fast and there might be better solutions coming up in the future,but, before that,let’s first salvage ourselves in such a passive way! 雅思写作八分经典作文:计算机的利与弊 Some people claim that public museums and art galleries will not be needed because people can see historical objects and works of art by using a computer.Do you agree or disagree with this opinion? It is simply absurd to assert that with historical objects and works of art being able to be

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