Unit 1 Fresh Start
Text A Toward a Bright Future for All
Before reading
Before reading Text A, you may need to know the following things to help you with a better understanding.
American higher education
In the United States, students can choose to go to college after high school. (They can also choose to go straight to the workforce after high school.) They have the option of attending a two-year community college before applying to a four-year university. Admission to community college is easier, tuition is lower, and class sizes are often smaller than at a university. Community college students can earn an associate degree and transfer up to two years of course credits to a university.
College and university students need to pay tuition, but many earn scholarships or receive loans. Although admissions policies vary from one university to another, most determine admission based on several criteria, including a student's high school course of study, high school Grade Point Average (GPA), participation in extracurricular activities, SAT (Scholastic Assessment Test) or ACT (American College Testing) exam scores, a written essay, and possibly a personal interview with a representative from the admissions office.
Most students in the United States take the SAT Reasoning Test or the ACT during their final year of high school. Each university sets a minimum SAT or ACT score that a student must achieve in order to gain admission. These are standardized quantitative examinations. The SAT tests critical reading, mathematics, and writing skills. The ACT tests English, mathematics, reading, science reasoning, and includes an optional writing test.
Extracurricular activities may include scholastic clubs, athletic teams, student government, and philanthropic clubs. V oluntary participation in these kinds of activities is an indication that a student has learned valuable life lessons, such as teamwork, leadership, or civic responsibility.
University students pursuing a bachelor's degree are called "undergraduates"; students pursuing a master's or doctoral degree are called "graduate students". Most universities give undergraduate students a liberal education, which means students are required to take courses across several disciplines before they specialize in a major field of study. Graduate and professional programs, such as medicine or law, are specialized. All degree programs require students to complete a minimum number of credit hours before graduating.
Selection for admission to a graduate program is based on several criteria. These include completion of a bachelor's degree, the student's undergraduate coursework and GPA. Students are also expected to write an essay as part of their application or to submit a writing sample. Most master's programs require students to have a minimum score on the Graduate Record Examination
(GRE), which tests verbal reasoning, quantitative reasoning, critical thinking, and analytical writing skills.
Students continue to take courses at the graduate level. A final thesis is required for most master's programs. Doctoral students take courses until they have earned enough credit hours to attempt their qualifying examinations. These are usually taken over several days and often include a written and oral component. After doctoral students pass their qualifying exams, they are advanced to candidacy and can begin writing their dissertation. Before the degree is given, the completed dissertation must be orally defended before the candidate's faculty committee.
Vera Wang
Vera Wang (王薇薇, 1949- ) is a
Chinese-American fashion designer. She
was born and raised in New York City.
While trained as a figure skater in high
school, she eventually earned a degree in art
history from Sarah Lawrence College in
1971. But a career in fashion was her dream.
She worked as a senior fashion editor
for Vogue magazine for 15 years. In 1985,
she left Vogue and joined Ralph Lauren as a
design director for two years. In 1990, she opened her own design salon in New York, and featured her trademark bridal gowns. Wang has made wedding gowns for many celebrities and public figures, such as Jennifer Lopez (珍妮弗?洛佩兹), Sharon Stone (莎朗?斯通) and Chelsea Clinton (切尔西?克林顿).
Detailed study of the text
Para.1. Good afternoon! As president of the university, I am proud to welcome you to this university. Your achievement is the triumph of years of hard work, both of your own and of your parents and teachers. Here at the university, we pledge to make your educational experience as rewarding as possible.
下午好！作为校长，我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果，也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。在这所大学里，我们承诺将使你们学有所成。
1.Your achievement is the triumph of years of hard work, both of your own and of your parents
and teachers. (Para. 1)
Meaning: Your entering this university is an important success. This success is due to many years of your hard work, and many years of your parents’ and teachers’ hard work.
triumph n.
an important victory or success after a difficult struggle
（尤指苦战后获得的）胜利，成功，成就
Winning the championship was a great personal triumph for this young tennis player.
赢得冠军对这个年轻的网球运动员来说是很大的个人成就。
这座桥是现代工程的一大成就。翻译The bridge is a triumph of modern engineering.
The most important thing in life is not the triumph but the struggle. The essential thing is not to have conquered but to have fought well.生活中最重要的事情不是胜利，而是奋斗；不是征服，而是努力拼搏。——Pierre de Coubertin（皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦）
v. If someone or something triumphs, they gain complete success, control, or victory, often after a long or difficult struggle成功; 获胜; 得胜
All her life, Kelly had stuck with difficult tasks and challenges, and triumphed.
凯莉一生经历了各种艰巨的任务与挑战，她都一一成功应对了
正义终将得胜。翻译Justice triumphs in the end.
2.Here at the university, we pledge to make your educational experience as rewarding as
possible. (Para. 1)
Meaning: Here at the university, we promise to make your educational experience as worthwhile as possible.
rewarding: a. giving you satisfaction, pleasure, or profit 值得的；有意义的；有回报的
Our journey to the orphanage was a very rewarding experience. 我们的孤儿院之行非常有意义。
pledge
vt.
make a formal, usu. public, promise that you will do sth. 发誓；作保证
The new president pledged to cut taxes and increase employment.
新总统承诺要削减税收、增加就业。
汤姆保证决不泄密。翻译Tom pledged never to tell the secret.
Philip pledges support and offers to help in any way that he can. 菲利普保证给予支持，并主动提出尽其所能提供帮助。
n.
[C] (fml.) a serious promise or agreement, esp. one made publicly or officially
（尤指公开或正式作出的）誓言，誓约；保证
All the candidates have given pledges not to raise taxes if they are elected.
所有的候选人都保证如果他们当选，他们不会提高税收。
And as we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall march ahead.
当我们行动时,我们必须保证勇往直前.
Q1. What are your expectations of college education?
Q2. How will you make the most of this marvelous opportunity and exciting new experience?
Q3. What will you do to ensure that the journey you begin at this university today leads you toward a bright and successful future?
Para.2 In welcoming you to the university, I am reminded of my own high school graduation and the photograph my mom took of my dad and me. "Pose naturally," Mom instructed us. "Wait!" said Dad, "Let's take a picture of me handing him an alarm clock." The clock woke me up every morning in college. It is still on my office desk.
在欢迎你们到来的这一刻，我想起自己高中毕业时的情景，还有妈妈为我和爸爸拍的合影。妈妈吩咐我们：“姿势自然点。” “等一等,”爸爸说，“把我递给他闹钟的情景拍下来。” 在大学期间，那个闹钟每天早晨叫醒我。至今它还放在我办公室的桌子上。
3.In welcoming you to the university, I am reminded of my own high school graduation and the
photograph my mom took of my dad and me. (Para. 2)
Meaning: When I am welcoming you to this university, something I remember is my own high school graduation and the photo my mom took of my dad and me.
remind sb. of sb./sth.
1 make sb. remember sb. that they know or sth. that happened in the past
使某人想起某人或某事
This story reminds me of my childhood. 这个故事让我想起了我的童年。
The song always reminds me of our holiday in Mexico.
那首歌总让我想起我们在墨西哥的那次假期。
2 be very similar to sb. or sth. else 使某人想起（相似的）人或事
Nancy was tall and slim, and reminded me of my cousin Sarah.
翻译：南希身材高挑，让我想起了我的表妹萨拉。
Pattern:
remind...of... 某物或某人使...想起... (of后加名词或动名词)
remind sb about sth 提醒某人做某事
Don't forget to remind her about the dinner party.记住提醒她不要忘了宴会。
pose
vi.
sit or stand somewhere so that sb. can take a photograph of you or paint a picture of you
（为照相或画像而）摆姿势
Please sit still while you pose for your photo.你摆好姿势拍照时请坐着别动。
The leaders posed briefly for photographs before entering the conference room.
领导们进入会议室之前匆匆地摆个姿势拍照。
vt.
create a difficult or dangerous situation 造成，导致（困难或危险）
This could pose a threat to jobs in the coal industry.
这可能会给煤炭产业的就业造成威胁。
我们很高兴的得知化工厂的事故没有对环境构成威胁。
翻译：We are very glad to hear that the incident in the chemical plant poses no threat to the environment.
His ill health poses serious problems for the future. 他身体不好，对将来造成严重的隐患。Bandits sometimes pose difficulties for the police. 匪徒有时给警察带来许多麻烦.
vt.
put forward for discussion提出
When I finally posed the question, ‘Why?' he merely shrugged.
当我最后问“为什么”时，他只是耸了耸肩。
The continuing increase in population numbers poses some awkward questions for the government. 人口数字的不断增长给政府提出了一些棘手的问题。
Para.3. Let me share with you something that you may not expect. You will miss your old routines and your parents' reminders to work hard and attain your best. You may have cried tears of joy to be finally finished with high school, and your parents may have cried tears of joy to be finally finished with doing your laundry! But know this: The future is built on a strong foundation of the past.
让我来告诉你们一些你们未必预料得到的事情。你们将会怀念以前的生活习惯，怀念父母曾经提醒你们要刻苦学习、取得佳绩。你们可能因为高中生活终于结束而喜极而泣，你们
的父母也可能因为终于不用再给你们洗衣服而喜极而泣！但是要记住：未来是建立在过去扎实的基础上的。
4.You will miss your old routines and your parents’ reminders to work hard and attain your best.
(Para. 3)
Meaning:You will miss your usual life patterns and your parents’ reminding words that you should work hard and achieve the best you can.
routine
n.
[C, U] your usual way of doing things, esp. when you do them in a fixed order at the same time 例行公事；常规；惯例
Arriving at the office at 8 a.m. and staying there until 5 p.m. has become my routine.
早上8点到办公室，一直呆到下午5点，这已经成了我的惯例。
They did it as a matter of routine.
他们那样做只是例行公事。
You just need to break out of that boring routine.
你只需改变一成不变的无聊生活。
a.
happening as a normal part of a job or process 常规的；例行的；惯常的
The operator has to be able to carry out routine maintenance of the machine.
操作员必须能对机器进行日常维护。
这个问题是在一次例行检查中发现的。
翻译The problem was discovered during a routine check.
reminder n. [C]sth. that makes you notice, remember, or think about sth. 起提醒作用的东西The cold served as a reminder that winter wasn’t quite finished.
寒冷的天气提醒人们冬天还没有过去。
attain
vt.
(fml.) succeed in achieving sth. after trying for a long time 得到；获得；赢得
Not all athletes attain this standard of physical fitness.
并非所有的运动员都能达到这种身体素水平。
India attained independence in 1947.
They're sure to attain emancipation in the end.
他们最后一定能获得解放。
The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it.
翻译：人生重要的事情就是确定一个伟大的目标，并决心实现它。
我们应该能够实现这个目标。翻译：We should be able to attain that goal.
CF: attain, achieve & accomplish
这三个动词均有“达到、完成”之意。
attain 指努力去达成或实现目标，常指事先没有确信会成功而去追求的目标。
achieve 指由于功绩或努力而理所当然应该得到的成功。
accomplish指完成规定的任务。
Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary.
1) He ________ the building of the bookcase. (accomplished)
2) She finally _______ her ends. (attained)
3) Kacy_______ the rank of deputy director. (attained)
4) He will never ______ his objectives if he does not work harder. (achieve)
foundation
n.[C] the most basic part of something from which the rest of it develops 基础；根基；根据；Good order is the foundation of all things.
All these have laid a solid political foundation for consolidated national unity.
所有这些为巩固国家统一奠定了坚实的政治基础。
他通过学习和努力工作为成功打下了基础。
翻译He laid the foundation of his success by study and hard work.
CF: base, basis & foundation
这几个名词都有“基础，根基”的意思。
base指构成或支撑某一具体物体的基础，也可指军事基地或用作比喻意义。例如：
The lamp stands on a circular base. (= 落地灯由圆形底座支撑。)
Some of the military bases on this island were built in the 19th century. (= 这个岛上的一些军事基地建于19世纪。)
basis主要用作抽象或引申意义。例如：
Charity toward others is the basis of her philosophy. 慈善待人是她人生观的基点。foundation用于具体意义时，指坚固结实的建筑物的基础或地基；用作比喻意义时，与basis 基本相同。例如：
The earthquake shook the foundations of the house. 地震连屋基都震动了。
Those thoughts rocked her belief to its foundations. 那些想法从根本上动摇了她的信念。
5.You may have cried tears of joy to be finally finished with high school, and your parents may
have cried tears of joy to be finally finished with doing your laundry! (Para. 3)
Meaning: Perhaps you were so happy that you cried because at last you finished high school, and perhaps your parents were so happy that they cried because eventually they wouldn’t ha ve
may have done sth.: used for talking about past possibilities
She might have changed her mind and decided not to come. 她可能已经改变了主意，决定不来了。
finished: (not before noun) no longer doing, dealing with, or using sth. 结束了的
Are you finished with my tools yet? 我的工具你用完了吗？
6.But know this: The future is built on a strong foundation of the past. (Para. 3)
Meaning: But you should know that your future can only be attained when it is built on a solid past.
Para.4. For you, these next four years will be a time unlike any other. Here you are surrounded by great resources: interesting students from all over the country, a learned and caring faculty, a comprehensive library, great sports facilities, and student organizations covering every possible interest —from the arts to science, to community service and so on. You will have the freedom to explore and learn about new subjects. You will learn to get by on very little sleep, meet fascinating people, and pursue new passions. I want to encourage you to make the most of this unique experience, and to use your energy and enthusiasm to reap the benefits of this opportunity.
对你们而言，接下来的四年将会是无与伦比的一段时光。在这里，你们拥有丰富的资源：有来自全国各地的有趣的学生，有学识渊博又充满爱心的老师，有综合性图书馆，有完备的运动设施，还有针对不同兴趣的学生社团——从文科社团到理科社团、到社区服务等等。你们将自由地探索、学习新科目。你们要学着习惯点灯熬油，学着结交充满魅力的人，学着去追求新的爱好。我想鼓励你们充分利用这一特殊的经历，并用你们的干劲和热情去收获这一机会所带来的丰硕成果。
7.For you, these next four years will be a time unlike any other. (Para. 4)
Meaning: For you, the next four years in university will be different from any other period of time in your life.
8.Here you are surrounded by great resources: interesting students from all over the country, a
learned and caring faculty, a comprehensive library, great sports facilities, and student organizations covering every possible interest —from the arts to science, to community service and so on. (Para. 4)
Meaning beyond words: Here the president is introducing to students the many resources available on campus: interesting schoolmates, knowledgeable and helpful teachers, a big library, great sports equipment, various student organizations, etc. All these will help make students’ campus life colorful and fulfilling.
resource
n.
1 [C] sth. you can use to help you to achieve sth., esp. in your work or study 资源
Museums are important resources for teaching history. 博物馆为历史教学提供重要资料来源。irreplaceable natural resources 不可替代的自然资源
我们必须保护自然资源。翻译We must preserve our natural resources.
Today we are overpopulated, straining the earth's resources.
现在我们人口过多，致使地球资源使用过度。
2 [C, usu. pl.] things such as coal, trees, and oil that exist in nature and can be used by people
自然资源
shared resource共有资源
human resource department 人力资源部
A country's principal resource is its brainpower.一个国家的首要资源是其人才资源。
There's a great shortage of resource materials in many schools.很多学校物资都十分短缺
Many of these countries are rich in natural resources such as iron and coal.
这些国家中有许多国家都拥有丰富的诸如铁和煤炭这样的自然资源。
learned: a. (fml.) learned people have a lot of knowledge because they have read and studied a lot 有学问的；博学的
My advisor is a very learned person and she could answer any question I asked.
我的导师是一位非常博学的人，她能回答我提出的任何问题。
caring: a. thinking about what other people need or want and trying to help them 关心他人的；乐于助人的
The school provides a caring environment for students. 学校为学生提供了充满关怀的环境。
faculty
n.
1 [U] (AmE) all the teachers in a university, college, or school 全体教员
Both the faculty and students opposed the proposal to turn one of the playgrounds into a parking lot.
老师和学生都反对把其中一个运动场改为停车场的提议。
全体教师和学生都反对这种方法。
Both faculty and students oppose the measures.
How can faculty improve their teaching so as to encourage creativity?
教师们如何才能改进教学以激发创造性呢？
2)2 [C]a faculty is a group of related departments in some universities, or the people who work in them (大学的)院系;(大学院系的)教职工
the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences 社会政治系
3 [C, usu. pl.] a natural physical or mental ability that most people have 天赋；能力；本领
She had her mental faculties even in her 90s.
她九十多岁了，但仍然思维清晰。
她有轻而易举学会语言的才能。
翻译She has the faculty to learn languages easily.
comprehensive
a.
including many details or aspects of sth. 综合的；多方面的
This booklet offers a comprehensive guide to our goods and services.
这本小册子对我们的产品和服务提供了综合指南。
facility
n.
(~ies) [pl.] rooms, equipment, or services that are provided for a particular purpose
（为某种目的而提供的）设施，设备
The hotel has an indoor swimming pool and other leisure facilities.
这家宾馆有室内游泳池和其他休闲设施。
There are few recreational facilities in our school.
This facility is open to both new and existing borrowers.
这套设备向新老借用者开放。
2)[U][C] ability to learn or do things easily能力,技能,技巧
他很有学习语言的才能。翻译He has great facility in learning languages.
He showed great facility in performing task.他工作很熟练。
※ vt. facilitate 促进；帮助；使... 容易
community
n. [C]
1 the people who live in the same area, town, etc.（同住一地的人所构成的）社区
The Chinese community is knit together by common interests. 共同的利益使华人社区团结起来。Everyone should invest some time in community service.
The new arts center will serve the whole community. 这个新的艺术中心将为整个社区服务。
2 a group of people who have the same interests, religion, race, etc. 群体；团体
He refuses to join any community. 他不参加任何团体。
The police haven't really done anything for the black community in particular.
警方并未真正特意为黑人群体做什么。
The conference will make further efforts to gain the support of different ethnic communities.
会议将进一步努力，以取得不同少数民族团体的支持。
9.You will have the freedom to explore and learn about new subjects. (Para. 4)
Meaning: You will have the freedom to examine and learn about new subjects.
explore
vt.
examine or discuss a subject, idea, etc. thoroughly 探讨，研究（主题、思想等）
The film explores the relationship between artist and instrument.
这部电影探究了艺术家和乐器之间的关系。
我想认真探寻、了解内心的自我。I want to explore and get in touch with my inner self.
让我们探索改善的可能性。翻译：Let us explore the possibilities for improvement.
We are exploring the possibility of taking legal action against the company.
我们正在探讨对这家公司采取法律行动的可能性。
v.
travel around an area in order to learn about it or to search for sth. valuable such as oil
勘探；探测；考察
A group of experts have set out to explore for minerals in this area.
一组专家已经出发前往该地区勘探矿物。
I just wanted to explore Paris, read Sartre, and listen to Sidney Bechet.
我就想逛逛巴黎，读读萨特的作品，听听悉尼·贝谢的音乐。
10.You will learn to get by on very little sleep, meet fascinating people, and pursue new passions.
(Para. 4)
Meaning: You will learn to manage with very little sleep, meet very interesting people, and find new interests.
get by
have just enough of sth. such as money or knowledge so that you can do what you need to do
过活；过得去；勉强应付
I couldn’t possibly get by on $300 a month with everything so expensive.
翻译：什么都很贵，一个月300美元我恐怕无法生活。
It is impossible to get by a foreign language exam by cramming at the last minute.
想要临时抱佛脚来混过外语考试是不可能的。
on: prep.
1) eating or drinking a particular type of food or drink in order to stay alive 靠…生存
Using a cave as shelter, the man survived on wild berries and raw fish.
这个人以山洞为住所，靠吃野果和生鱼活了下来。
2) using a particular type of fuel or electrical power in order to operate 靠…运行
Why can’t we make a car that runs on water? 我们为什么不能制造出靠水力行驶的汽车呢？
fascinating
a.
making you very interested or attracted 吸引人的；迷人的；使人神魂颠倒的
The changing vivid colors of the sunset are really fascinating.
日落时变化多端的色彩确实使人心醉神迷。
The gloss and glitter of Hollywood seemed fascinating to the girl.
好莱坞的虚荣与繁华似乎强烈吸引着这个女孩。
你的这些主意对我来说很有吸引力。翻译Your ideas are fascinating to me.
He is such a great writer that his stories are always fascinating.
他是个了不起的作家，他写的故事总是引人入胜。
pursue
vt.
1 try to achieve sth. 追求；致力于
He wanted to pursue a bachelor’s degree after working for two years.
他想工作两年以后再去读学士学位。
每个人都有追求各自梦想的自由。翻译Everyone has the freedom to pursue their dreams. Students should pursue their own interests, as well as do their school work.
All our dreams can come true, if we have the courage to pursue them.
我们所有的梦想都可以成真，只要我们有勇气去追求它们。
She decided to pursue her studies after obtaining her first degree.
她决定在获得学士学位之后继续深造。
We will pursue the subject of discussion tomorrow.
我们明天继续讨论这个题目。
2 chase sb. or sth. in order to catch them 追赶；追逐
The police are pursuing an escaped prisoner. 警察在追捕一名逃犯。
The hounds pursued the fox. 猎犬们追赶那只狐狸。
We have decided not to pursue the matter any further.我们决定不再追查那件事了。
The police officer pursued the speeding car and eventually stopped it with the help of another police car.
这名警官追赶一辆超速行驶的车，最终在另一辆警车的协助下，截下了那辆车。
※n. pursuit 追赶，追捕
Collocations:
pursue a goal/aim/objective 追求目标
pursue pleasure 寻乐
pursued the study of 继续深造
pursue interests and avoid risks 趋利避害
pursue one's academic interest/professional career 追求学习/职业
pursue sb. 追求某人
pursue a vocation 从事一份职业
pursue a hobby 从事一项爱好
passion
n.
1 [C] a very strong liking for sth. 强烈的爱好；热爱
have a passion for对…有强烈的爱好
I have a passion for psychology.
If you don't know what your passion is, realize that one reason for your existence on earth is to find it.
如果你不知道你的热爱何在，那么请明白一点：你来到这个世界的原因之一就是找到它。Her lifelong passion for music began in childhood. 她对音乐的毕生热爱始于孩提时代。Gardening was her great passion. 园艺是她的一大爱好。
2 [C, U] a very strong belief or feeling about sth. 强烈的情感；激情
He spoke with considerable passion about the importance of art and literature.
She argued with great passion. 她争论时情绪很激动。
The young man gave a speech with great passion and moved all those who were present.
这个年轻人的演讲充满激情，感动了所有在场的人。
※a. passionate 热情的；激情的；
CF. emotion, feeling, passion, affection
这些名词的共同含义是“感情”或“情感”之意。
emotion 普通用词，词义中性。泛指因外界刺激而引起思想情感从细微变化到最强发作。feeling 普通用词，含义广。多指具体的或内心的感受，或表露出来的强烈情感。passion 指极强烈的感情，尤指愤怒、爱好等。也常指两性间的爱情。(Directions:) Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary.
1. He's considerate of other people's ____.(feelings)
2. Kim received the news without showing any visible sign of ____. (emotion)
3. All the _____ in their marriage has died. (passion)
11.I want to encourage you to make the most of this unique experience, and to use your energy
and enthusiasm to reap the benefits of this opportunity. (Para. 4)
Meaning: I want to encourage you to do all you can to take advantage of this special experience, and to use your energy and passion to benefit from this chance.
make the most of sth.
gain the greatest possible advantage from sth. 最大限度地利用某物
Since the Internet is a very useful tool, we should make the most of it in our study.
既然互联网是很有用的工具，我们就应该在学习中最大限度地利用它。
在度假时，为了充分享受每一天，我每天总是起得很早。
I always get up with the lark when I'm on holiday to make the most of every single day.
unique
a.
1 very special, unusual, or good 特别的；极不寻常的；极好的
You will be given a unique opportunity to interview the CEO of the company。
翻译:你将获得一个难得的机会去采访那家公司的首席执行官。
Michael: That's a unique tee - shirt you are wearing today Billy.
迈克尔: 比利,你今天穿的是一件很特别的T恤衫.
Eastern culture, especially Chinese culture, is quite unique.
以东方文化来说, 尤其汉民族, 是很特别的.
2)not the same as anything or anyone else 不同的，独特的；独一无二的
Each person’s fingerprints are unique, so you won’t find two people with the same fingerprints.每个人的指纹都是不一样的，所以你找不到指纹相同的两个人。
勇敢的相信：你是个了不起的，独一无二的人。
翻译Dare To Believe: That you are a wonderful, unique person.
You will have learned to accept your own uniqueness.你要学着认识到自己的独一无二。
enthusiasm
n.
[U] the feeling of being very interested in sth. or excited by it 热爱；热情；热心
那篇演说唤起了学生们的热情.翻译The speech aroused the enthusiasm of the students.
His enthusiasm for music stayed strong throughout his life. 他一生酷爱音乐。
※a. enthusiastic 热情的，热爱的
Collocation:
with enthusiasm 热情（烈）地
great/much/considerable/enormous enthusiasm 巨大的热情
little enthusiasm 没什么热情
lack of enthusiasm 缺乏热情
full of enthusiasm 充满热情
show (great/considerable) enthusiasm 显示出巨大的热情
lose enthusiasm 失去热情
fire somebody with enthusiasm 使……充满热情
generate enthusiasm 激发……的热情
arouse enthusiasm 唤起热情
reap
vt.
get sth. as a result of sth. you have done 收获；获得
We will certainly reap the rewards of this meaningful research.
翻译:我们肯定会从这项有意义的研究中受益。
v.
cut and gather a crop such as wheat 收割（庄稼）
It’s about time to reap the rice in the field. 快到去地里收割稻子的时候了。
As a man sows, so he shall reap. 翻译：种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆。
benefit
n.
[C, U] an advantage, improvement, or help that you get from sth. 好处；益处；裨益
Regular exercise has many benefits, including reducing the risk of heart disease.
有规律的锻炼有很多好处，包括降低心脏病的发病风险。
vi.
get help or an advantage from sth. 受益；得到好处
实际上失业人员从这些政策中受益最大。
翻译: The unemployed actually benefited most from these policies.
reap the benefits (of sth.)
enjoy the advantages of sth. 得享（某事物的）好处
The town was still reaping the benefits years after the film’s release.
电影发行好几年后这个小镇仍在受益。
Future generations will reap the benefits of environmental protection.
翻译：保护环境，世代受用。
Pattern:
benefit by 从…中受益
benefit from... 从中得到好处
benefit through 通过…受益
benefit in every way 各方面受益
opportunity
n.
[C, U] a chance to do sth. or an occasion when it is easy for you to do sth. 机会；时机
There was an opportunity for her to further her study in the States, and she seized it.
她有个机会到美国深造学习，她抓住了这个机会。
Para.5. You may feel overwhelmed by the wealth of courses available to you. You will not be able to experience them all, but sample them widely! College offers many things to do and to learn, and each of them offers a different way to see the world. If I could give you only one piece of advice about selecting courses, it would be this: Challenge yourself! Don't assume that you know in advance what fields will interest you the most. Take some courses in fields you've never tried before. Y ou will not only emerge as a more broadly educated person, but you will also stand a better chance of discovering an unsuspected passion that will help to shape your future. A wonderful example of this is the fashion designer, Vera Wang, who originally studied art history. Over time, Wang paired her studies in art history with her love of fashion and turned it into a passion for design, which made her a famous designer around the world.
有这么多课程可供选择，你可能会不知所措。你不可能选修所有的课程，但是要尽可能体
验更多的课程！大学里有很多事情可做可学，每件事情都会为你提供不同视角来审视世界。如果我只能给你们一条选课建议的话，那就是：挑战自己！不要认为你早就了解自己对什么样的领域最感兴趣。选择一些你从未接触过的领域的课程。这样，你不仅会变得更加博学，而且更有可能发现一个你未曾想到的、能成就你未来的爱好。一个绝佳的例子就是时装设计师王薇薇，她最初学的是艺术史。随着时间的推移，王薇薇把艺术史研究和对时装的热爱结合起来，并将其转化为对设计的热情，从而使她成为全球闻名的设计师。
12.You may feel overwhelmed by the wealth of courses available to you. (Para. 5)
Meaning: When facing the large number of courses that you can take at college, you may not know how to choose.
overwhelm vt.
(usu. passive) exist in such great amounts that sb. or sth. cannot deal with them
（数量大得）使无法对付
I was overwhelmed by such a temptation.我经受不住那样的诱惑。
We were overwhelmed by the number of applications for this position.
翻译:这个职位的求职申请多得让我们应接不暇。
wealth n. [U] a large supply of useful things 大量；众多；丰富
I was impressed by the wealth of choices available in college. 大学里有这么多的选择，这让我印象深刻。
available
a.
(often after noun) able to be obtained, taken, or used 可获得的；可利用的；现成的
Organic food is now widely available in many stores. 有机食品现在在很多商店里都可以买到。Collocations: available resources 可利用的资源
available credit 可用信度
available capacity 可用容量
13.You will not be able to experience them all, but sample them widely! (Para. 5)
Meaning: You will not be able to take all the courses, but try as many different courses as possible to see what they are about.
sample
vt.
1 try an activity, go to a place, etc. in order to see what it is like 体验
He was excited to have the chance to sample the delights of country life.
翻译：他为有机会去体验乡村生活的乐趣而感到兴奋。
2 test a small amount of sth. in order to get information about the whole thing 对…作抽样检验The air is sampled to measure the effects of air pollution on the city’s population.
对空气进行抽样检验，以检测空气污染对该城市人口的影响。
n.
[C] a small part or amount of sth. that is examined in order to find out sth. about the whole
样本；样品；货样
The doctor took a blood sample to see if the patient was infected with the disease.
医生取了血样来检查病人是否感染了这种疾病。
Collocations: blood sample 血样；血液样本
sample data 样本数据
representative sample 代表性样本
14.Challenge yourself! (Para. 5)
Meaning: Try taking some courses that may be difficult for you, so you can test your skills or abilities.
challenge: vt. test the skills or abilities of sb. or sth. 考验…的技术/能力；激发；激励
The work is too easy. The students are not being challenged enough.
作业太简单，没有让学生得到充分发挥。
15.Don’t assume that you know in advance what fields will interest you the most. (Para. 5)
Meaning: Don’t think that you already know what fields will be most interesting to you. assume vt.
think that sth. is true, although you do not have definite proof 假定；假设；认为
I assume that every college student has access to the Internet.
翻译：我以为每个大学生都可以使用互联网。
in advance
before sth. happens or is expected to happen 预先；提前
To make sure that he was at home, I called him up in advance.
为了确定他在家，我事先给他打了电话。
我应该提前告诉你的。翻译：I ought to have told you in advance.
Details of the meeting had been given to the public in advance.
会议的详细内容在会前已经公之于众了。
16.You will not only emerge as a more broadly educated person, but you will also stand a better
chance of discovering an unsuspected passion that will help to shape your future. (Para. 5) Meaning: You will not only grow and develop into a more broadly educated person, but you will also be more likely to find a passion you don’t know you have, which will help you to
shape your future.
emerge vi.
1 appear or become recognized 出现；为…所公认
No new leader has emerged to take his place. 还没有新领导来接替他。
The truth emerged that the driver of the car had been drunk.
翻译:真相暴露了这个汽车司机是酒后开车。
2 come out of sth. or out from behind sth. 出现；露出
The sun emerged from behind the clouds. 翻译：太阳从云层后面露了出来。
stand a chance (of doing sth.)
have the possibility of succeeding or achieving sth. 有（做成某事的）希望You're much better than her, she doesn't stand a chance.
你比她强多了，她没机会赢。
他们有希望在这次足球比赛中战胜法国队吗？
翻译：Do they stand any chance of winning against France in the soccer game?
unsuspected: a. existing without your knowledge 未知的；未被想到的
A previously unsuspected bone disease caused his disability.
一种前所未闻的骨头疾病导致了他的残疾。
17.A wonderful example of this is the fashion designer, Vera Wang, who originally studied art
history. (Para. 5)
Meaning: A very good example to show the importance of trying something you have never tried before is the fashion designer, Vera Wang, who at first studied art history.
18.Over time, Wang paired her studies in art history with her love of fashion and turned it into a
passion for design, which made her a famous designer around the world. (Para. 5)
Meaning: Gradually, Wang combined her studies in art history with her love of fashion and developed it into a passion for design, which made her a famous designer around the world. over time
gradually 逐渐地；慢慢地
Truth is not absolute; it changes over time. 真理不是绝对的；它随时间改变。
For good or bad, things will change over time. 不管是好是坏，事情慢慢都是要变的。
pair: vt. put two people or things together 使成对；配对
You will look wonderful if you pair this dress with high heels.
要是用高跟鞋来配这条连衣裙，你看上去就棒极了。
turn (sb./sth.) into sth.
become sth. different, or make sb. or sth. do this （使某人/某物）变成
Do you think this frog can turn into a prince? 你认为这只青蛙可以变成王子吗?
Hollywood discovered her and turned her into a star.好莱坞发现了她，并把她变成了明星。Falsehood can in no way be turned into truth by repetition.
翻译：假话不管怎样重复，也不可能变为真话。
Para.6.Here at the university, it may not always be pleasant to have so many new experiences all at once. In your dorm, the student next door may repeatedly play the one song, which gives you a giant headache! You may be an early bird while your roommate is a night owl! And still, you and your roommate may become best friends. Don't worry if you become a little uncomfortable with some of your new experiences. I promise you that the happy experiences will outweigh the unpleasant ones. And I promise that virtually all of them will provide you with valuable lessons which will enrich your life. So, with a glow in your eye and a song in your heart, step forward to meet these new experiences!
在大学里，一下子拥有这么多新鲜体验可能不会总是令人愉快的。在你的宿舍楼里，住在你隔壁寝室的同学可能会反复播放同一首歌，令你头痛欲裂！你可能喜欢早起，而你的室友却是个夜猫子！尽管如此，你和你的室友仍然可能成为最要好的朋友。如果有些新的经
历让你感觉不那么舒心，不要担心。我保证快乐的经历会多于不快的经历。而且我保证几乎所有这些经历都会给你带来宝贵的经验教训，从而使你的生活更加丰富多彩。所以，带着热切的目光和欢乐的心情，去拥抱这些新的体验吧！
all at once
1 at the same time 同时
She had two projects at hand, three classes to teach, and a baby to take care of all at once.
她同时有两个项目要做，三个班级要教，还有一个婴儿要照顾。
不要一下子全吃光留下一些以后再吃。
翻译：Don't eat them all at once; save some for later.
2 suddenly and unexpectedly 一下子；突然
All at once there was a loud banging on the door. 突然传来重重的敲门声。
起风了，雨点忽然落下来。A wind arose, and rain drops began falling all at once.
19.In your dorm, the student next door may repeatedly play the one song, which gives you a
giant headache!
giant
a.
(only before noun) extremely big, and much bigger than other things of the same type
巨大的；特大的
The company I’m working for is a giant electronics company.
我现在工作的公司是家规模超大的电子产品公司。
20.You may be an early bird while your roommate is a night owl! (Para. 6)
early bird: n. [C] (infml.)
1) sb. who gets up early in the morning 早起的人
My mom is an early bird — she always gets up at 5 in the morning. 我妈妈喜欢早起，她总是早上5点就起床。
2) sb. who arrives somewhere or does sth. before other people do 早到的人；捷足先登者
Go down to the store as early as you can because it is the early bird that catches the worm. If you get there after 10 o’clock, the best stuff will have been sold out.
你要尽可能早点去这家商店，捷足先登嘛。要是你10点钟之后才赶到，好东西可就都卖完了。
night owl: n. [C] (infml.) sb. who enjoys going out at night or does not go to bed until it is late 夜猫子；惯于晚睡的人
He is indeed a night owl; he never goes to sleep before midnight. 他是个真正的夜猫子，从来不
Unite 1 1.选词填空 explore(v.勘探，探测) transmit(v.传送，传递，传播) resource(n.资源) emerge(v.出现，为···所公认) yield(v.产生，出产，屈从，让步) pose(v.摆姿势，导致) assume(v.认为，假定，假设) confidence(n.信任信赖，自信心) inherit(v.沿袭，秉承，继承) comprehensive(a.综合的，多方面的) 1. Given the chance to show his ability, he regained confidence and began to succeed in school. 2. It is so difficult to explore the bottom of the ocean because some parts are very deep. 3. It was about 30 seconds before Alex emerged from the water; we were quite scared. 4. We often assume that when other people do the same things as we do, they do them for the same reasons; but this assumption is not always reasonable. 5. There is widespread concern that the rising unemployment may pose a threat to social stability. 6. After a(n) comprehensive physical exam, my doctor said I was in good condition except that my blood pressure was a little high. 7. It is well known that China is a country with rich natural resources and a very big population. 8. Some people believe that the earth can yield enough food to support at least twice its present population. 9. Sam inherited the gift of imagination from his family, but he lacked the driving power to take action. 10. A bee that has found honey is able to transmit to other bees the information they need in order to collect the honey. 2.15选10 attain赢得，获得，得到 fascinating迷人的，吸引人fulfill履行，执行pursue追求，致力于 available可获得的可利用的 qualify使合适，合格raise提升，增加 passion强烈的爱好，热爱 virtually实际上classify分类归类 acquire获得，取得，学到 fashionable流行的especially特别的 sample样品，标本 prosperous繁荣的University students come from different parts of the country with various purposes. However, a closer look at their reasons for studying at the university will enable us to (1)classify them roughly into three groups: those who have a(n) (2)passion for learning, those who wish to (3)attain a bright future, and those who learn with no definite purpose. Firstly, there are many students who learn simply because they (4)pursue their goal of learning. Some read a wealth of British and American novels because they are keenly interested in literature. Others sit in front of the
(第三版)新视野大学英语读写教程1答案
Unite 1 1.选词填空 explore(v.勘探，探测) transmit(v.传送，传递，传播) resource(n.资源) emerge(v.出现，为···所公认) yield(v.产生，出产，屈从，让步) pose(v.摆姿势，导致) assume(v.认为，假定，假设) confidence(n.信任信赖，自信心) inherit(v.沿袭，秉承，继承) comprehensive(a.综合的，多方面的) 1. Given the chance to show his ability, he regained confidence and began to succeed in school. 2. It is so difficult to explore the bottom of the ocean because some parts are very deep. 3. It was about 30 seconds before Alex emerged from the water; we were quite scared. 4. We often assume that when other people do the same things as we do, they do them for the same reasons; but this assumption is not always reasonable. 5. There is widespread concern that the rising unemployment may pose a threat to social stability. 6. After a(n) comprehensive physical exam, my doctor said I was in good condition except that my blood pressure was a little high. 7. It is well known that China is a country with rich natural resources and a very big population. 8. Some people believe that the earth can yield enough food to support at least twice its present population. 9. Sam inherited the gift of imagination from his family, but he lacked the driving power to take action. 10. A bee that has found honey is able to transmit to other bees the information they need in order to collect the honey. 2.15选10 attain赢得，获得，得到 fascinating迷人的，吸引人fulfill履行，执行pursue追求，致力于 available可获得的可利用的 qualify使合适，合格raise提升，增加 passion强烈的爱好，热爱 virtually实际上classify分类归类 acquire获得，取得，学到 fashionable流行的especially特别的 sample样品，标本 prosperous繁荣的University students come from different parts of the country with various purposes. However, a closer look at their reasons for studying at the university will enable us to (1)classify them roughly into three groups: those who have a(n) (2)passion for learning, those who wish to (3)attain a bright future, and those who learn with no definite purpose. Firstly, there are many students who learn simply because they (4)pursue their goal of learning. Some read a wealth of British and American novels because they are keenly interested in literature. Others sit in front
Unit 1 TEXT A Language focus Word in use [3] 1.whereby 2. pursuit 3. inhibit 4. maintain 5. patriotic 6. transcend 7. endeavor 8. dedication 9. prestige 10. nominate Word building [4] -ant inhabitant inhabit participate participant attend attendant pollute pollutant descend descendant contest contestant tolerate tolerant result resultant -ful neglect neglectful resource resourceful boast boastful respect respectful [5] 1.resultant 2. tolerant 3. pollutants 4. inhabited 5. participants 6. descendants 7. attendants 8. respectful 9. contestants 10. neglectful11. resourceful 12. boastful Banked cloze [6] 1.eventually 2. premier 3. endeavor 4. bypass 5. handicaps 6. committed 7. attained 8. transcend 9. feats10. slightest Expressions in use [7]
第一单元：永不言弃！ 1 英国的伟大首相温斯顿·丘吉尔爵士，小时候在哈罗公学上学。当时他可不是个好学生，要不是出身名门，他可能早就因为违反纪律被开除了。谢天谢地，他总算从哈罗毕业了，在那里犯下的错误并没影响到他上大学。后来，他凭着军旅生涯中的杰出表现当选为英国首相。他的才思、智慧、公民责任感以及在二战痛苦而黑暗的时期拒绝投降的无畏勇气，为他赢得了美名。他非凡的决心，不仅激励了整个民族，还鼓舞了全世界。 2 在他首相任期即将结束时，他应邀前往母校哈罗公学，为满怀报国之志的同学们作演讲。校长说：“年轻的先生们，当代最伟大的演说家过几天就会来为你们演讲，他提出的任何中肯的建议，你们都要听从。”那个激动人心的日子终于到了。温斯顿爵士站了起来——他只有5英尺5英寸高，体重却有107公斤。他作了言简意赅的讲话：“年轻人，要永不放弃。永不放弃！永不放弃！永不，永不，永不，永不！” 3 个人经历、教育机会、个人困境，这些都不能阻挡一个全力以赴追求成功的、有着坚强意志的人。任务再苦，准备再长，难度再大，都不能让他放弃自己的追求。就以本时代最有学问的两位科学家——阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦和托马斯·爱迪生为例，他们都曾面临巨大的障碍和极端的批评，都曾被说成“不开窍”，被老师当成笨蛋而放弃。托马斯·爱迪生还曾逃学，因为老师嫌他问的问题太多而经常鞭打他。爱因斯坦一直到将近9岁才能流利地说话，学习成绩太差，有些人认为他都已经学不好了。然而，这两个男孩的父母都相信他们。他们坚持不懈地每天和儿子一起努力，孩子们也了解到，要想成功，就绝不要怕付出长期而艰辛的努力。最终，爱因斯坦和爱迪生都摆脱了童年的困扰，进而作出了造福当今全世界的伟大发现。 4 再如亚伯拉罕·林肯这个英雄的典范，他一生面临了无数艰辛、失败和接二连三的不幸。他的出身和经历真是一点也算不上光鲜。他在一个非常贫困的家庭长大，只受过一年正规教育。经商两度失败，初恋爱人的突然离世也使他精神崩溃，还在八次政治选举中落马。此后，他的四个孩子有三个不幸去世，令他悲痛欲绝。然而，坚强的意志鞭策着他，推动他前进，使他更加乐观、投入、坚毅。这让他得以全力以赴，一次次战胜生命中的巨大困难和挫折。一百年之后，世界各地的人们都赞颂亚伯拉罕·林肯，认为他是有史以来最伟大的美国总统。 5 与丘吉尔和林肯一样，只有那些“执著地追求成功”的人，那些保持始终如一的精神意志的人，才会通过自身的努力，获得成功。许多艺术家、政治家、作家和发明家都有同样的经历。他们之所以能取得这样的成就，是因为他们拥有强烈的意愿，不懈地准备、奋斗，并保持对成功的激情。他们取得了成功，并不是因为成功很容易，而是因为他们拥有克服重重障碍的意志，为了追求目标而勤奋努力。 6 桑德拉·戴·奥康纳成长于既没自来水也没电的养牛场，她努力学习以使自己接受到最好的教育。她的学习成绩在班上始终名列前茅，一路奋斗终于进入了斯坦福大学法学院，并以优异的成绩从法学院毕业。尽管奥康纳勤奋刻苦，但在20世纪50年代，她仍然受到女人身份的制约。即使斯坦福大学的学位有良好的声誉，她仍被整个法律界拒之门外，因为事务所宁愿聘请才干稍逊的男性，也不愿冒险破例雇佣一位女律师。然而，桑德拉·戴·奥康纳并未放弃梦想。她执著地坚持下去，终于得到提名并被任命为美国第一位女性最高法院大法官。她任职
新视野大学英语第三版读写教程1 十五选十 University students come from different parts of the country with various purposes. However, a closer look at their reasons for studying at the university will enable us to 1) them roughly into three groups: those who have a(n) 2) for learning, those who wish to 3) a bright future, and those who learn with no definite purpose. Firstly, there are many students who learn simply because they 4) their goal of learning. Some read a wealth of British and American novels because they are keenly interested in literature. Others sit in front of the computer screen, working on a new program, 5) day and night, because they find some computer programs 6) . and they dream of becoming a “Bill Gates” one day. Secondly, there are students who work hard mainly for a better and more 7) future. It seems that the majority of students fall into this group. After admission to the university, they read books after books to 8) knowledge from all of the resources which are 9) to them, and finally, to succeed in the future job market. Thirdly, there are still some students who learn without a clear goal. They take courses, finish homework, enjoy life on campus, but don’t want to 10) anything new or challenging. They have no idea what they will be doing after college. And they may end up with nothing in their lives. Parents and teenagers have different or even opposite things to worry about. For example, while a mother might have a hard time understanding why her teenagers' room is always a(n) 1) of dirty stuff, the teenagers are more worried about their next exams and may think it is 2) for their mother to insist on keeping a clean room. It is therefore important for you to 3) the differences and learn to communicate with your teenagers properly. 4) , your teenagers may say nothing and shut you out of their personal lives. Their refusal to talk with you may even create 5) stress in your life. Learning effective ways to communicate can 6) the situation of a difficult relationship, 7) the stress of your life, and lead to a friendly relationship with your teenagers. First, you should learn to discuss serious problems in daily conversations. So, important topics, such as driving a vehicle and building a(n) 8) relationship, could be dealt with through daily conversations. Second, learn to be an active listener. Many parents are so 9) with their work that they could hardly take some time for their 10) children. Spend your time listening carefully to what your children like to talk about, and make sure your children feel they are being taken seriously. This will increase the chances of good communication.
NNCE Book3课后翻译参考答案 Unit1 英译中原文：Global citizen is someone who identifies with being part of an emerging world community and whose actions contribute to building this community's values and practices. Global citizenship believes that humankind is essentially on and each individual has the power to change things.In our interdependent world, global citizenship encourages usto recognize our responsibilities toward each other and learn from each other. Global citizens care about education, disease, poverty, and environmental issues around the world. Today, the forces of global engagement are helping some people identify themselves as global citizens who have a sense of belonging to a world community. This growing global identity in large part is made possible by the forces of modern information, communications and transportation technologies. Global citizenship aims to empower people to lead their own action. Along with the knowledge and values that they have gained from learning about global issues, people need to be equipped with the necessary skills to give themselves the ability and confidence to be pro-active in making a positive difference in the world. Keys：世界公民是指一个人承认自己是新兴的全球社区的一分子，而且其行动对全球社区的价值打造和实践活动有所贡献。世界公民相信人类从本质上来说是一个整体，任何个人都有改变事物的能力。在我们这样一个相互依赖的世界中，世界公民意识鼓励我们认识到对彼此的责任，并从对方身上学习。世界公民关心全球的教育、疾病、贫穷和环境问题。在当今，全球合作的力量在使一些人萌发世界公民的意识，让他们拥有对全球社区的归属感。这种不断发展的世界公民意识在很大程度上来讲，要归功于现代信息、通信和交通技术的力量世界公民意识致力于给予人们力量，让他们付诸行动，世界公民除了要从世界问题中学习知识和价值观，还要拥有必需的技能，使他们拥有能力和自信，积极推动世界的发展。 汉译英原文：如今，很多年轻人不再选择" 稳定" 的工作，他们更愿意自主创业，依靠自己的智慧和奋斗去实现自我价值。青年创业（young entrepreneurship）是未来国家经济活力的来源，创业者的成功不但会创造财富、增加就业机会、改善大家的生活，从长远来看，对于国家更是一件好事，创业者正是让中国经济升级换代的力量。尤其是在当前，国家鼓励大众创业、万众创新，在政策上给予中小企业支持，这更加激发了年轻人的创业热情。 Keys：Nowadays, many young people no longer choose "stable" jobs. Instead, they prefer to start their own businesses and realize their self-value through their own wisdom and efforts. Young entrepreneurship is the source of national economic vitality in the future. The success of entrepreneurs not only creates fortune, increases job opportunities, improves people's life, but it is also good for the country in the long term. Entrepreneurs are a driving force in upgrading China's economy. Especially for the time being, our country is encouraging people to start their own businesses and make innovations and giving policy support for medium and small businesses. This further arouses young people's enthusiasm to start their own businesses. Unit 2
新视野大学英语（第三版）读写3答案 UNIT 1 Words in use 1.whereby 2.pursuit 3.inhibit 4.maintain 5.patriotic 6.transcended 7.endeavors/endeavours 8.dedication 9.prestige 10.nominate Banked cloze 1.eventually 2.premier 3.endeavor 4.bypass 5.handicaps https://www.doczj.com/doc/8f14190781.html,mitted 7.attained 8.transcend 9.feats 10.slightest Expressions in use 1.removed from 2.failed in 3.in the pursuit of 4.deviated from 5.(1）precludes (2)from 6.triumph over 7.work their way into 8.written off UNIT 2 Words in use 1.intervene 2.underestimate 3.recede 4.deem 5.bleak
6.appraise 7.paralyzed 8.symptoms 9.dismay 10.brink Banked cloze 1.characterized 2.aspects 3.amount 4.recede 5.exposed 6.vicious 7.challenge 8.excessive 9.reaction 10.paralyze Expressions in use 1.pulled to a stop 2.black out 3.pop up 4.stopped short 5.plowed through 6.threw himself into 7.let yourself go 8.grabbed for UNIT 3 Words in use 1.integral 2.cherish 3.afflicted 4.noteworthy 5.portray https://www.doczj.com/doc/8f14190781.html,pliment 7.domain 8.anonymous 9.conscientious 10.perpetual Banked cloze 1.domain
Unit 1 苏格拉底是古希腊哲学家，被誉为现代西方哲学的奠基人。他是一个谜一般的人物，人们主要通过后期的一些古典作家的叙述，尤其是他最著名的学生柏拉图的作品去了解他。苏格拉底以他对伦理学的贡献而闻名。他的教学法亦称为苏格拉底法，即通过提问和回答来激发批判性思维以及阐述观点。该方法在各种讨论中仍被普遍使用。他还在认识论和逻辑领域作出了重大而深远的贡献。他的思想和方法所带来的影响一直是后来的西方哲学的坚实基础。苏格拉底是古代哲学史上最丰富多彩的人物。他在他那个时代已威名远扬。虽然他未曾建立什么哲学体系，未曾设立什么学派，也未曾创立什么宗派，但他的名字很快就变得家喻户晓了。 Socrates was a classical Greek philosopher who is credited with laying the fundamentals of modern Western philosophy. He is a mysterious figure known chiefly through the accounts of later classical writers, especially the writings of his most famous student Plato. Socrates has become well known for his contribution to the field of ethics. His method of teaching, known as the Socratic Method, by asking and answering questions to stimulate critical thinking and to explain ideas remains a commonly used tool in a wide range of discussions. He also made important and lasting contributions to the field of epistemology and logic, and the influence of his ideas and approach remains a strong foundation for Western philosophy that followed. Socrates was the most colorful figure in the history of ancient philosophy. His fame was widespread in his own time, and his name soon became a household word although he constructed no philosophical system, established no school, and founded no sect. 孔子是中国历史上著名的思想家、教育家，是儒家学派（Confucianism）的创始人，被尊称为古代的圣人（sage）。他的言论和生平活动记录在《论语》（The Analects）一书中。《论语》是中国古代文化的经典著作，对后来历代的思想家、文学家、政治家产生了很大影响。不研究《论语》，就不能真正把握中国几千年的传统文化。孔子的很多思想，尤其是其教育思想，对中国社会产生了深远的影响。在21世纪的今天，孔子的学说不仅
Unit 1 永不放弃 英国的伟大首相温斯顿丘吉尔爵士，小时候在哈罗公学上学。当时他可不是个好学生，要不是出身名门，他可能早就因为违反纪律被开除了。谢天谢地，他总算从哈罗毕业了，在那里犯下的错误并没有影响到他上大学。后来，他凭着军旅生涯中的杰出变现当选为英国首相。他的才思、智慧、公民责任感以及在二战痛苦而黑暗的时期拒绝投降的无畏勇气，为他赢得了美名。他非凡的决心，不仅激励了整个民族，还鼓舞了全世界。 在他首相任期即将结束时，他应邀前往母校哈罗公学，为满怀报国之志的同学们做演讲。校长说；校长说：“年轻的先生们，当代最伟大的演说家过几天就会你们演讲，他提出的任何中肯的建议，你们都要听从。”那个激动人心的日子终于到了。温斯顿伯爵站了起来——他只有55英寸高，体重却有107公斤。他做了言简意赅的讲话，永不放弃，永不，永不，永不，永不！“ 个人经历、教育机会、个人困境，这些都不能阻挡一个全力以赴追求成功的、有着坚强意志的人。任务再苦，准备再长，难度再大，都不能让他放弃自己的追求。就以本时代最有学问的两位科学家——阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦和托马斯·.爱迪生为例，他们都曾面临巨大的障碍和极端的批评，都曾被说成“不开窍”，被老师当成笨蛋，而放弃。托马斯爱迪生还曾逃学，老师因为嫌他问的问题太多而经常鞭打他。爱因斯坦一直到将近9岁才能流利的说话，学习成绩太差，有些人认为他都已经学不好了。然而，这两个男孩的父母都相信他们，他们坚持不懈的每天和儿子一起努力，孩子们也了解到，要想成功就绝不要怕付出长期而艰辛的努力。最终，爱因斯坦和爱迪生都摆脱了童年的困扰，进而做出了造福当今全世界的伟大发现。 再如亚伯拉罕·林肯这个英雄的典范，他一生面临了无数艰辛，失败和接二连三的不幸。他的出身和经历真是一点也算不上光鲜，他在一个非常贫困的家庭长大，只受过一年正规教育，轻伤两度失败初恋爱人的突然离世也使他精神崩溃，还在八次政治选举中落马。此后他的4个孩子有3个不幸去世，令他悲痛欲绝。然而坚强的意志鞭策着他推动他前进，使他二更加乐观，投入，坚毅，这让他得以全力以赴，一次次战胜生命中的巨大困难和挫折，一百年以后世界各地的人们都赞颂亚伯拉罕·林肯，认为他是有史以来最伟大的美国总统。 与丘吉尔和林肯一样，只有那些“执著的追求成功的人，那些保持始终如一的精神意志的人，才会通过自身的努力获得成功。许多艺术家、政治家、作家和发明家都有同样的经历。他们之所以能取得这样的成功，是因为他们拥有强烈的意愿，不懈的准备，并保持对成功的激情。他们取得了成功并不是因为成功很容易，而是因为他们拥有克服重重障碍的意志，为了追求目标而勤奋努力。 桑德拉·戴·奥康纳，成长于既没自来水也没电的养牛场，他努力学习也是自己接受到最好的教育，她的学习成绩在班上始终名列前茅，一路奋斗终于进入了斯坦福大学法学院，并以优异的成绩从法学院毕业，尽管奥康纳勤奋刻苦，但在20世纪50年代她仍然受到女人身份的制约。历史不叹服大学的学位有良好的声誉，她仍被整个法律界拒之门外，因为事务所名苑聘请才干稍逊的男性，也不愿冒险破例雇佣一位女律师。然而，桑德拉·戴·奥康纳并未放弃梦想，她执著的坚持下去，终于得到提名并任命为美国第一位女性最高法院大法官。她任职期间，对很多问题，例如堕胎的妇女权利都起到了极为关键的作用。 7 很多人只是嘴上说他们想要什么东西，但并不真正地付出大量努力去实现。很多人因为害怕失败而不敢全军心尝试。而成功的秘诀在于内心燃烧的欲望——一种坚定不移的意志和专注力，从而激发行动的决心，即使疲惫，即使失败，也会继续准备继续前进。正如一句箴言所说：“你摔倒了多少次并要紧；你能多少次重新站起来对成功才至关重要！” 专注于汲取更多的知识，争取持之以恒的渐进，保持永不言退的坚强意志，即使在你疲惫想要松懈的时候或者困难重重之时。“执著地追求成功，！”“有志者事竟成！”，只要刻苦
新视野大学英语第三版第二册全部单元答案Unit 1 Text A Ex.1 Understanding the text 1、Because he is tired of listening to his father and he is not interested in grammar rules. 2、The civilization of Greece and the glory of Roman architecture are so marvelous and remarkable that they should be described at least in a brief account; however, what the student could do was only one single utterance :“whoa!”without any any specific comment. 3、Because the schools fail to set high standards of language proficiency. They only teach a little grammar and less advanced vocabulary. And the younger teachers themselves have little knowledge of the vital structures of language. 4、Because teaching grammar is not an easy job and most of the students will easily get bored if it’s not properly dealt with. 5、He familiarized his son with different parts of speech in a sentence and discussed their specific grammatical functions including how to use adverbs to describe verbs. 6、Because the son had never heard about the various names and functions of words in an English sentence before. 7、The author uses “road map”and “car”to describe grammar and vocabulary. Here,“road map”is considered as grammar and “car”as vocabulary. 8、Since the subjunctive mood his son used is a fairly advanced grammar structure, the interjection“whoa!”reflects the tremendous pride the father had toward his son; it also reflects the author’s humor in using the word because it was once used by his student, though in two different situations and with two different feelings. Ex.3 Words in use 1.condense 2.exceed 3.deficit 4.exposure 5.asset 6.adequate https://www.doczj.com/doc/8f14190781.html,petent 8.adjusting 9.precisely 10.beneficial Ex.4 Word building -al/-ial: managerial/editorial/substance/survival/tradition/margin -cy : consistency/accuracy/efficient -y : recovery/ministry/assembly Ex.5 Word building 1.editorial 2.recovery 3.accuracy 4.substance 5.managerial 6.margin 7.assembly 8.Ministry 9.survival 10.tradition 11.consistency 12.efficient Ex.6 Banked cloze 1-5: L C J A I 6-10: O N E H F Ex.7 Expressions in use 1.feel obliged to 2.be serious about 3.run into 4.distinguish between 5.thrust upon 6.was allergic to 7.get lost 8.be attracted to 9.make sense 10.looked upon as
Unit 1 Section A Words in use 3 1 condense 2 exceed 3 deficit 4 exposure 5 asset 6 adequate 7 competent 8 adjusting 9 precisely 10 beneficial Word building 4 managerial editorial substance survival tradition margin consistency accuracy efficient recovery ministry assembly Word building 5 1 editorial 2 recovery 3 accuracy 4 substance 5 managerial 6 margin 7 assembly 8 Ministry 9 survival 10 tradition 11 consistency 12 efficient Banked cloze 1 obliged 2 tedious 3 beneficial 4 abundant 5 adjusted 6 bulk 7 evidently 8 functions9 efficiently10 distress Expressions in use 1 feel obliged to 2 be serious about 3 run into 4 distinguish between 5 thrust upon 6 was allergic to 7 get lost 8 be attracted to 9 make sense 10 looked upon as