Comment on `On the next-to-leading order gravitational spin(1)-spin(2) dynamics' by J. Stei

熟词僻义（⼀）1. allow【僻义】v.承认【例句】Warren also allows that capitalist development may, in its early stages, result in increased social inequality.沃伦也承认资本主义发展初级阶段可能会导致社会不平等现象加剧。

2. address【僻义】v.（发表）讲话；向……说话；处理【例句】He is due to address a conf erence on human rights next week.他下星期将在会上发表关于⼈权的演说。

3. advantage →take advantage of【僻义】v.欺骗；对……加以利⽤【例句】Af ter the recent scandal, the Walmart is expected to apologize since the company increased its profits by taking advantage of the customer.丑闻曝光后，⼈们希望沃尔玛就以增加利润为借⼝欺骗消费者的⾏为道歉。

4. appreciate【僻义】v.意识到；涨价，增值【例句】She never really appreciated the depth and bitterness of the Middle East conflict.她从来没有真正认识到中东冲突的深刻和激烈。

5. approach【僻义】v.探讨、处理、对待【例句】The Federal Bank has approached the issue in a practicalway.联邦银⾏已经⽤实际⼿段解决了这个问题。

6. argument【僻义】n.论点，论据，理由【例句】There's a strong argument f or lowering the price.有充分理由要求降低价格7. as→not so much...as【僻义】与其说是A倒不如说是B，意即否定A⽽肯定B【例句】Science moves f orward, they say, notso much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tool.他们认为，与其说科学进步是依赖伟⼤天才的个⼈⻅解，不如说是因为技术与⼯具等更为普通的东⻄。

Enhance Y our Language AwarenessW ords in Action▇W orking with W ords and Expressions1. In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.■Answers:1) objective2) current3) adopt4) exhibit5) capture6) integrated7) outstanding8) strategies9) convince10) striving/strive11) diagnosed12) side13) spaced14) thick15) painful16) eventually17) fascinating18) confidence19)label20) creations2. In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.■Answers:1) at rest2) dropped out3) drying out4) drop in5) dawned on6) falls away7) drowned out8) on the sidelines9) falling out10) start over11) lose faith12) sign off▆ Increasing Y our W ord PowerFill in each blank in the following sentences with a proper preposition given in the box.▆ Answers:1) with2) to3) with4) on5) at6) with7) from8) beyond9) from10) on11) for12）to1.Study the use of but in different contexts and then do the task that follows.▆ Answers for reference:1) What can we do but sit and wait for a passing car to bring us to a city nearby?2)He lied to the court not just once, but on several occasions.3)“Gone with the Wind” was/is a great movi e, bu t it was/i s a little l ong.4) I had/have no choice but to accept the challenge.5) The situation looked/looks desperate, but they didn’t/don’t want to give up.6）But for these interruptions, the meeting would h av e finished earlier.7）Who else but John would have played a trick like that?8）She was the best singer in China at that time. I could not but admire h er.9）The machines we bought were cheap, bu t th ey went quite well.10）Because he had/has a sore throat he was/is unable to swallow anything but liquids.2.Word BuildingMatch each of the English words in Column A with its Chinese meaning in Column B.You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆ Answers:1) j2) k3) g4) h5) i6) b7) n8) l9) f10) c11) m12) d13) a14) eGrammar in ContextTask 1:Fill in each blank in the following sentences with the proper form of the verb given in brackets, paying special attention to the use of the active voiceand the passive voice.▆ Answers:1) be done away with2) is / gets punished3) being erected4) Having been ignored5) believing6) to have sent7) be looked up8) speak / speaking9) being interviewed10) takenTask 2. Translate the following sentences into Chinese, paying special attention to the differences in the choice of the verb voice.▆ Answers for Reference:1）杰克，有你的电话。

6 . 虚拟语气用在would rather后的从句中would rather意思是“宁愿、希望〞，是英语中常见的一个惯用句式, 如果它的后面接句子，那么从句习惯上要用虚拟语气。

本节课教师就和同学们一起来学习一下这种虚拟语气。

一.would rather后虚拟语气的规如此1. 从句使用一般过去时表达现在或将来的愿望——would rather sb. did sth.I would rather you posted the letter right away. 〔现在的愿望〕我宁愿你马上把这封信寄出去。

Don’t come tomorrow. I’d rather you came next weekend.(将来的愿望)明天就别来了，我希望你下周末过来。

2.从句使用过去完成时表达过去的愿望——would rather sb. had done sth.She would rather that you had not arrived last night.她宁愿你昨天晚上没有来。

He would rather mum had not told him the truth.他宁愿妈妈不告诉他真相。

二.典型例题1. I’d rather you________make any comment on the issue for the time being.A. don’tB. wouldn’tC. didn’tD.shouldn’t解题思路：①牢记would rather后的从句应该使用虚拟语气这一考查点；②根据时间状语判断虚拟语气的时间；③根据所表达的虚拟时间选择适宜的时态。

解析：would rather后的从句需要使用虚拟语气，题干中的时间状语for the time being意为“目前，现在〞，所以此题表达的是现在的愿望，从句中应该使用一般过去时。

2.To be frank, I would rather you ________the teacher’s advice last week.A. followedB. had followedC. would followD. have followed解题思路：①牢记would rather后的从句应该使用虚拟语气这一考查点；②根据时间状语判断虚拟语气的时间；③根据所表达的虚拟时间选择适宜的时态。

2020年中考英语考纲词汇ABC(全)1600个大纲词汇是中考必考核心词汇，对于这些词汇要求听说读写译都得会，掌握其搭配、结构和习惯表达。

ps:真的没有永久记住单词的方法，就是要多看多听多说多写、常复习。

没事的时候，打开这个专栏，努力背单词。

Aa(an)[a,ei(an)]art—(个、件......)用法：不定冠词的常见用法①第一次提到,表示泛指。

②含有数量"―"的概念,但是不如one强烈。

ability[a biliti]n能力;才能a man of ability有能力的人the ability to do sth.做某事的能力able[Bb(a)l]a.能够；有能力的be able to do sth.有能力做某事about[s'baot]prep,对于，关于；大约;在......周围be about to do即将......We were about to go when it suddenly rained.我们正要出发，突然天下雨了。

look about四处寻找run about到处跑What/How about...?above何bAv]prep.在...上面above all最重要的是Above all,the work must be finished before nine by ourselves.最重要的是，工作必须在九点之前由我们自己独立完成。

注意:above的反义词为belowabroad[s'broid]ad.®J（在）国外from abroad从国外，从海夕卜His parents have just come back from abroad.他的父母刚刚从海外回来，我们去看望他们吧。

go abroad出国absent]iaebsont]a.缺席;不在accept[akEeptlvt.接受近义词辨析:accept和receiveaccept是〃接受、认可〃的意思,是收到并接受;receive有〃收到〃的意思，但不一定接受。

梅河口市第五中学2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. Where does this conversation probably take placeA. In a library.B. In a bookstore.C. In a classroom.2. What is the weather like in the woman's hometown nowA. Very hot.B. Quite cold.C. Fairly warm.3. What does the man suggest Lucy doA. Spend more time studying.B. Work for the school.C. Talk to the teacher.4. What does the woman mean.A. Jim didn't get first prize.B. Jim has changed a lot.C. Jim deserved first prize.5. What can we learn from the conversationA. The woman helped hand in the man's paper.B. The man didn't hand in his paper on time.C. The teacher liked his paper very much.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，共22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

2023年天津河西区天津市海河中学英语九年级第一学期期末检测模拟试题注意事项1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。

2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。

3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。

Ⅰ. 单项选择1、The man running in our playground _______ be our headmaster, because he has gone to America on business. A．mustn't B．shouldn't C．can't D．may not2、The boy saw a bird resting by the window, and he moved to have a close look.A．politely B．safely C．quietly3、I didn't realize he was a famous scientist you told me.A．until B．because C．since4、— I will give you a gift if you keep the secret for me.— OK. ______.A．It’s a deal B．Just so-so C．of course not D．I’m afraid so5、More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced _____ people’s attention over food safet y. A．to raise B．raising C．to rise D．rising6、Nowadays, more and more students are learning English online with smart phones. They think those apps for English language learners can help improve oral English. But they cost a large of amount of money.A．them; their B．their; them C．they; them D．them; they7、I get up ______ seven o’clock every morning.A．in B．on C．of D．at8、I really like the ________ of this chocolate. It is a star.A．smell B．taste C．color D．shape9、--How can I get some ________ about the Boao Forum for Asia(博鳌亚洲论坛)?--Why not search the Internet?A．information B．experience C．practice10、Hurry up, __________ we’ll have to wait another two hours for the next train.A．and B．but C．or D．soⅡ. 完形填空11、Li Wen is a normal 15-year-old boy who works hard in school and gets good grades. It is hard to 1 that he used to have difficulties in school. 2 a small child, he seldom gave his parents any problems, and they were proud of him. However, things began to change a few years ago. His parents moved to the city to 3 jobs, and his grandparents came to take care of him. But he missed his parents so 4 and he often felt lonely and unhappy.Li Wen’s unhappiness began to 5 his schoolwork. He was no longer interested in studying. He was oftenabsent from classes, and he 6 his examinations. Finally, his parents made a 7 to send him to a boarding school. However, Li Wen was 8 and was not able to make friends quickly in school. He found life there difficult. One day he told his teacher that he wanted to leave the school. His teacher 9 him and she called his parents. She advised them 10 their son in person. So his parents took a 24-hour train and a 5-hour ride to get to Li Wen’s school.Th ey had a long talk. “It was exactly11 I needed,” he said. “Now I understand that even though they are busy, they are 12 thinking of me. They take pride in everything good that I do.”After that. Li Wen’s parents had much more communication wi th their son than they used to. Now Li Wen has really changed. He has become 13 outgoing and made some good friends in school. He has even 14 the school basketball team and become active in many other activities. “I am much15 now, and I work even harder that I used to. I know my parents love me and they’re always proud of me,” says Li Wen. “It’s very important foe parents to be there for their children.”1．A．know B．see C．believe D．say2．A．As B．For C．Like D．To3．A．get B．look for C．find D．look after4．A．many B．more C．much D．most5．A．cause B．lead C．succeed D．influence6．A．fails B．failed C．passes D．passed7．A．thought B．list C．feeling D．decision8．A．shy B．outgoing C．active D．excited9．A．excited about B．worried about C．pleased with D．angry with10．A．talk with B．to talk C．to talk to D．talk to11．A．how B．when C．which D．what12．A．sometimes B．always C．seldom D．never13．A．much B．more C．less D．little14．A．taken part in B．joined C．took part in D．join15．A．older B．good C．happier D．happyⅢ. 语法填空12、二、语法填空：用所给单词的适当形式填空，未给词的限填一词。

2022-2023学年中考第二次模拟考试（扬州专用）英语注意事项：1.全卷满分100分。

考试时间为100分钟。

试题包含选择题和非选择题。

考生答题全部答在答题卡上, 答在本试卷上无效。

2.请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合,再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。

3.答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案。

答非选择题必须用0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置,在其他位置答题一律无效。

第I卷（选择题共60分）一、单项选择（本题共15小题；每题1分，满分15分）在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。

1．—What do you think of the film we watched together yesterday?―Great. I’ve never seen ________better film than it before.A．the B．a C．an D．/2．— Why have you done so well in the Maths exam, Annie?— To tell you the truth, I’ve made great progress ________ working in a group since last year.A．by B．with C．at D．on3．—What can we learn from the COVID -19 event?—I think ________ important to get on well with wildlife, because they’re our friends.A．that B．it C．this D．one4．—What’s the ________ of the card made of coloured paper?—It’s a circle.A．difference B．shape C．price D．height5．—The Beijing 2022 Winter Games opening ceremony was so ________.—Many people were amazed by the Olympic flame. It was a real change.A．attractive B．creative C．practical D．traditional6．—Many cities in China are now ________ teenage girls free HPV vaccines (疫苗).—Such great news!A．inviting B．developing C．offering D．providing7．—Look, Grandma! ________ click on this icon, and then you can buy anything you like.—So easy? Don’t I need a password?A．Easily B．Simply C．Exactly D．Especially 8．— Look! ________ people are queuing for nucleic acid (核酸检测) testing patiently. — Yes. Rules make everything go smoothly.A．Hundred B．Hundreds of C．Hundreds D．Hundred of 9．—Miss Liu, must we go to the English Club every day?—No, you ________. Three times a week is enough.A．can’t B．couldn’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t 10．— Why do you look so worried?— I’m expecting a call from my son. He _________ London for more than a week. A．has been to B．has been in C．has gone to D．has come in 11．— Hey, Jack! Do you know the meaning of “yyds”?— Sure. It’s an online slang word which ________ “deep admiration for someone”. A．cares for B．looks for C．stands for D．pushes for 12．—You’d better encourage Ben more.—I agree. A little praise is better than ________ .A．nothing B．something C．everything D．anything 13．—The Chinese astronauts of the Shenzhou XIII have returned safely.—Wow, amazing! Could you tell me ________?A．how do they feel after such a long space tripB．that they set a new speed record on the returnC．what did they bring back from Tiangong stationD．how long they stayed in space before their return14．—I may find a better job if I go abroad.—Don’t be silly. You know ________.A．actions speak louder than words B．the early bird catches the worm C．the grass is always greener on the other side D．every dog has its day15．—It’s so kind of you to give me a ride.—________. We are friends. I’ll give you a hand whenever you need.A．All right B．It doesn’t matter C．Don’t mention it D．With pleasure 二、完形填空（共15小题：每小题1分，计15分）阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

2024-2025学年辽宁省实验中学高三上学期期中考试英语试题(含听力）1. Which language can Robert speak well?A．Russian. B．German. C．French.2. What are the speakers probably talking about?A．A tour. B．A movie. C．A friend.3. What is the time now?A．About 10:05. B．About 10:10. C．About 10:15.4. Where is the woman?A．On a flight. B．In China. C．At home.5. What does the man own?A．The flat. B．The car. C．The furniture.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

6. What does the woman say about buying the car?A．She doesn’t like the car.B．The price is not reasonable.C．She doesn’t have enough money.7. Why does the man want to talk with the manager?A．To get the price down another $500.B．To get the price down another $1,000.C．To get the price down another $2,000.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

8. What will the speakers probably do in the morning?B．Go to the local beach. C．Eat in the restaurant.A．Go to the amusementpark.9. Where is the Natural History Museum?A．Near the beach. B．Next to the restaurant. C．By the amusement park.10. What does the woman think of watching the sun go down?A．It’s relaxing.B．It’s wonderful.C．It’s impossible.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

Unit 1 第一课时针对训练一、单项选择1.Guilin is famous _____ its mountains and water.A.asB.toC.aboutD.for2. —What do you think of the car?—It’s not worth _____.A.to buyB.buyingC.to be boughtD.buy3. —Anna, Grandma is coming to visit us tomorrow.—Mom, really? I can’t _____ to see her.A.helpB.stopC.waitD.avoid二、完成对话A: Good afternoon! How can I help you?B: We have read your ad, and we’d like to go on a trip for a three-day holiday.A: There are four choices as you can see from the advertisement. 1. ___________B: We’d like to choose Mountain Tai.A: It’s really worth visiting. 2. ___________B: I’m not sure. Which hotel do you recommend? We don’t want to live in an expensive hotel. A: The Holiday Inn is among the top choices. 3. ___________B: Sounds great. I’ll book a single room and a standard room.A: OK. 4. ___________B: Can I please fill in the form online? By the way, can we pay by credit card?A: 5. ___________ Online access is more convenient.B: Thank you.1._____2. _____3. _____4. _____5. _____三、词义配对1. cover A.敬业；付出2. comfortable B.发现；找到3. avoid C.选择4. devotion D.独特的；唯一的5. experience E.旅行者；游客6. discover F.覆盖7. unique G.了不起的8. option H.避免9. marvelous I.经历10. traveler J.令人舒服的Ladies and gentlemen, we are now arriving at Shangri-La. Look at the snow mountains! The upper part of the mountains is 1 by snow all year round, and the lower part is dense vegetation. Shangri-La is famous 2 the beautiful places, such as the Pudacuo National Park and the Tiger Leaping Gorge. Many scenic spots here are 3 visiting. Besides, it is also 4 in ethnic culture. You will 5 some special songs and dances on our journey.1._____2. _____3. _____4. _____5. _____Unit 1 第二课时针对训练一、单项选择1.When we heard he was ill, we _____ straight away to see him.A.set upB.set downC.set offD.set about2. Dr. Lee advised John to avoid _____ alcohol if possible,A.to drinkB.drinkingC.drinkD.drunk3. A lot of her unhappiness is _____ boredom.A.due toB.soC.becauseck of4. —_____ yourself, Linda.—Don’t worry, Mom. I’ll give you a phone call as soon as I arrive in Dalian.A.Calm downB.Take care ofC.Give upD.Set out5. Never give up, _____ you’ll make it.A.andB.butC.orD.yet6. _____ the heavy snowstorm, three million people have been asked to leave their homes.A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.Due toD.In order to7. Avoid _____ during the rush hour. It will take you longer time.A.to driveB.drivenC.droveD.driving8. I _____ at five for the train station. It was too early to see anyone in the street.A.set upB.set downC.set offD.set about二、同义句改写1. He eventually realized his dream._____ _____ _____, he realized his dream.2.Billy has to look after his 2-year-old sister when their mom was out.Billy has to _____ _____ _____ his 2-year-old sister when their mom was out.3.Due to the devotion to film-making, he became a famous director around the world._____ _____ the devotion to film-making, he became a _____ director around the world. 三、完形填空If you travel abroad for the first time, you should know some 1 things about traveling.First, before you start your tour, you must 2 that you have a passport(护照) and you should also learn some culture and living habits of the country you are going to visit.Second, learn some useful 3 before traveling to a new country. Though 4 people can learn a new language in a short time, 5 some words will make the tour more 6 .Then knowing the vehicles is also important 7 your tour. When you arrive in a foreign country, your first task will be going from your arriving airport to a nice hotel. Find out 8 to get there and how much money it will take.Finally, 9 money 10 you go abroad. You will feel convenient(方便的) when you buy food and other things with local money. If everything is ready, your happy tour will begin.1.A.interesting B.important C.good D.wonderful2.A.make sure B.find out C.look for D.know3.A.knowledge B.tools C.words rmation4.A.few B.a few C.little D.a little5.A.being learned B.learned C.learning D.having learning6.A.easier B.interesting C.boring D.difficult7.A.to B.in C.for D.about8.A.what B.how C.where D.which9.A.spend B.bring C.save D.exchange10.A.before B.when C.after D.whileUnit 1 第三课时针对训练一、单项选择1.I was curious _____ how she would react when she heard the news.A.upB.aboutC.toD.that2. The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge was built to connect Zhuhai _____ Hong Kong of China and Macao of China.A.withB.toC.ofD.on3. —Thanks for helping me to carry the luggage.—__________A.That’s all right.B.All right.C.With pleasure.D.It’s my pleasure.4. Curiosity _____ Jessica to go to the restaurant named “ZERO”.A.movedB.lostC.admiredD.drove5. _____ the two pictures carefully and tell me the differences between them.A.LookB.SeeC.ObserveD.Move6. —_____ is the river?—It’s about 5 meters in depth.A.How deepB.How heavyC.How longD.How much7. _____ during the rush hour is very dangerous.A.To driveB.DrivenC.DroveD.Driving8. —_____ me to introduce myself. My name is Julia.—Pleased to meet you.A.HopeB.AllowC.GiveD.Bring二、选择翻译1.博物馆内不允许拍照。

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学习报告英语范文篇一：英语读书报告范文英语读书报告范文There is no standard form for a book report. However, every book report should contain the following four parts:1. Identification. Give the title and author’s name. If the book is one with which your readers may not be familiar, identify it further. Give the name of the publisher, the place and year of publication, the price, and the number of pages.2. Classification. A word or phrase early in your report helps the reader keep in mind the type of book on which you are reporting; mystery, biography, humor, adventure, and so on. Your reader can then mentally compare it with similar books he has read.3. Description. A skillful book report gives an overall view of a book without giving away its outcome. Your description of a book may include quotations or brief sketches of scenes or action that you think arerepresentative of the book. Take notes while reading. It will save you the time and trouble of thumbing through the booklater to relocate quotations or other information.4. Evaluation. Your opinion is the most important part of the report. It may be either your immediate reaction to the book or a judgment based on further study. In either case, your opinionshould be definite and clear. It should be supported with facts. You will want to comment on characterizations, plot, and recurring themes. Compare or contrast it to other books you’ve read. Write a word of criticism or praise while reading. It will help you recall yourimpression of the material after you have finished the book.Writing book reports can be a valuable exercise in clearthinking and precise writing. It also gives you the opportunity toimprove your writing and to develop a style of your own.*** 题目统一为: A Book Report of Thirty-Nine Steps 内容的四个部分可以成四个段落写，不能出现1，2，3，4字样；英文中没有书名号, 每个词用大写就可以或再加上下划线表示，不用引号; 省略号为三点；常见的表达法：简写本simplified version/abbreviated version故事大意如下 The gist of the story is as follows 主人公leading role/leading character/hero/heroine以……为背景 It is set on the eve of…/It is set on thebackground that…Sample 1A Book Report of The Black TulipBy Li Minli, Class 5, XXThe Black Tulip is a novel written by Alexandre Dumas Pere, simplified by Micle Wester, and was published by ShanghaiTranslation Press in 1983.The story is set in the 17th century in Holland when fierce political conflicts prevailed while the society rioted.In this story, Cornelius Van Baerle being so crazy about tulips tries to grow a black tulip without any other color on it at all in order to gain quite a substantial sum of money offered to the winner. However, Boxtel, a man living in the next door, also has a crush on the money. He then supervises every movement of Cornelius secretly for fear that Cornelius may grow better tulips than his own. Besides this, he also carries out many surreptitious activities to destroy Cornelius’tulips by all means. Once a while, he accuses Cornelius of harbouring letters that might be harmful to the government so that Cornelius is sent to the prison without giving provocation. This nearly causes him to death. Even here, Cornelius manages togrow tulips with the help of Rosa, the daughter of the prison-keeper. But unfortunately, their first black tulip is stolen byBoxtel. It’s Rosa who proves the truth and saves Coenelius byherself!It’s a happy ending in this novel as it says “Those who have suffered much, have a right to be happy.” This quotation brings the whole story to an end and will certainly motivate readers to go on.Rosa herself will remain as quite a good example, too.Besides, “justice could defeat evil however difficult it is and whatever the process would be” can be easily seen as the author’sdeep philosophy towards life.By reading it, the reader can both enjoy the plots and bestimulated!Sample 2A Book Report of The Black TulipBy Huang Xin, Talents Class, XX I have recently read the simplified version of The Black Tulip published by Shanghai Translation Press. This novel was written by the distinguished French writer Alexandre Dumas Pere, the pioneer of the Romanticism Literature Movement in France. He was so popular that his works had been translated into several languagesand welcomed by readers all over the world.This novel took 17th century Dutch bourgeois revolutionary period of intense political struggle and the turbulent life as itsbackground.This gist of the story is as follows. The leading role Cornelius is a young doctor who completely doesn’t inquire about politics. He loves growing tulips and is trying to cultivate a black tulip without any other color on it at all. In order to obtain the considerable bonus offered by the government to the first man whocultivates the very kind of black tulip, Boxtel, Cornelius’ neighbor, tries to destroy and steal the bulbs of Cornelius, even kill him. Fortunately, Cornelius in the prison gets acquainted with the prison-keeper’s daughter Rosa and they fall in love. Under Rosa’s help, Cornelius realized hisdream and achieves happiness at last.It’s firmly believed by some people that when you become rich and successful, happiness will naturally follow. After reading this novel, I believe that nothing is further from the truth. To my mind, the secret to happiness lies in your successful work, in your contribution towards others’ happiness and in your wealth you haveearned through your own honest efforts.Firstly, in order to obtain happiness, you should achieve your successful work, in order to achieve your successful work, you篇二：英语读书报告要求及范文(1)英语读书报告格式要求范文There is no standard form for a book report. However, every book report should contain the following four parts:1. Identification. Give the title and author’s name. If the book is one with which your readers may not be familiar, identify it further. Give the name of the publisher, the place and year of publication, the price, and the number of pages.2. Classification. A word or phrase early in your report helps the reader keep in mind the type of book on which you are reporting; mystery, biography, humor, adventure, and so on. Your reader can then mentally compare it with similar books he has read.3. Description. A skillful book report gives an overall view of a book without giving away its outcome. Your description of a book may include quotations or brief sketches of scenes or action that you think are representative of the book. Take notes while reading. It will save you the time and trouble of thumbing through the book later to relocate quotations or other information.4. Evaluation. Your opinion is the most important part of the report. It may be either your immediate reaction to the book or a judgment based on further study. In either case, your opinion should be definite and clear. It should be supported with facts. You will want to comment on characterizations, plot, and recurring themes. Compare or contrast it to other books you’ve read. Write a word of criticism or praise while reading. It will help you recall your impression of the material after you have finished the book.Writing book reports can be a valuable exercise in clear thinking and precise writing. It also gives you the opportunity to improve your writing and to develop a style of your own.注意：题目统一为: A Book Report on 英文书名（斜体），标题居中，正文两端对齐；内容的几个部分可以成若干个段落写，但不能出现1，2，3，4序号字样；英文中没有书名号, 书名斜体；注意其他英文标点符号使用及字母大小写的规范；字体为Times New Roman, 字号为小四号，行距为固定值20磅；页码置于页面底端居中。

Old English LiteratureReview Questions1. Give an account of the history of England from the Celtic settlement to the Norman Conquest.2. How did Christianity came to England? Name the most important monasteries of thi s peri od.3. Name some representative pieces of the Old English poetry.4. Name the two most important Christian poets of this period.5. Analyse the artistic features of Beowulf, using the quoted passage to i l l ustrate your poi nts.Middle English LiteratureI. Fill in the blanks: (30%)1. The first settlers of the British Isles were ________, and Britain got its name from a branch of this people called ________. But later they were driven to live in ________, ________ and ________.2. The ________, ________ and ________ were ________ tribes originally living on the Continent. They moved to the British Isles and became the ancestors of the ________ peopl e.3. The most important event of the Old English Period was ________, which took place in the year ________.4. The Roman Catholic Church sent ________ to England in 597 ________ the English people to Catholicism.5. Name two poems of this period apart from Beowulf: ________, and ________.6. Beowulf is an epic of ________ lines, and it tells the events that took place on ________ before they moved to the British Isles.7. After the Anglo-Saxon English took in loan words from ________ and ________ and lost most of its ________ and many of its grammar rules, it was called ________.8. Romance can be divided into three kinds according to subject matter. They are ________, ________ and ________.9. Romances of the English subject are tales about ________ and hi s ________.10. John Wyclif was a translator of ________, William Langland wrote ________ and the most famous English ballads are those about ________.II. Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F): (10%)The two centers of Christian culture in the Old English Period was in Canterbury and Northumbria.Caedmon belonged to Northumbrian School, whereas the V enerable Bede was a member of the Canterbury Abbey in south England.The first English national epic poem is Widsith.Old English poetry is distinguished by its use of al li terati on and kenni ngs.Chaucer is the greatest lyrical poet of the Middle English PeriodThe Canterbury Tales is Chaucer's masterpiece, but it is unfinished with only 24 tales written.Modern English is developed from the London dialect of the Middle English Period, which isa great contribution made by Chaucer to the English language.Most of the English popular ballads have their origin in the French folklore.The Normans were interested in the Cycle of King Arthur because they wanted to prove they were lawful heirs to the Celtic ancestors of Britain.Chaucer's humanistic ideas anticipate the English Renaissance.IV. Explain the following literary terms: (15%)1. epic2. alliteration3. iambic pentameter4. romance5. balladIV. Choose one from each of the following two groups of questions and write a short essay of about 300 words to the first and about 500 words to the second: (45%)Group One: (20%)1. Give a historical review of the Old English Period.2. Say something about the transition from Old English to Middle English and the historical elements that had brought about this transition.Group Two: (25%)1. Analyze the theme(s) and artistic features of Beowulf.2. Comment on Chaucer's achievements and contributions wi th exampl es from hi s works.English Renaissance PeriodReview Questions1. How did England become the most powerful country duri ng the Tudor rei gn?2. What does the word "Renaissance" mean and why do we call this historical period the English Renaissance Period?3. Give a brief account of Thomas More's life and his major work Utopia.4. Name Spenser's major literary work and tell what it is about.5. Name more writers (poets and playwrights) of this period and tell what you know about them.6. What are Bacon's chief contributions?7. Who was the greatest playwright before Shakespeare? Di scuss one of hi s pl ays.8. What kind of comedy is Ben Jonson's special contribution? And as a playwright how different is Ben Jonson from Shakespeare?QuizFill in the blanks: (50%)1. ________ broke away from the Roman Catholic Church and establ i shed ________.2. It was ________ and ________ who introduced Ital i an sonnets i nto Engl and.3. Thomas More's famous line in Utopia that exposes the calamities of the Enclosure Movement is ________.4. Faerie Queene was planned for 12 books, each standing for one moral principle, but only ________ books were finished centering on the following six virtues: ________, ________, ________, ________, ________, ________and ________.5. Philip Sidney's essay on poetry is called ________; John Lyly's prose romance has a main character ________, whose name is afterward responsible for an expression in the dictionary to represent a style of speech; Thomas Lodge is mainly remembered today for his prose romance ________, Thomas Nasbe is believed to have joined Marlowe in writing ________; and Robert Greene is connected with Shakespeare for attacking the latter in one of his pamphlets as a(n) ________.6. Christopher Marlowe used ________ to write his plays and two of his important plays are ________, and ________.7. Francis Bacon's works are expressions of his thought on ________, and his prose style is best represented in an essay called ________.8. Ben Jonson's masterpiece is a comedy of humours called ________, and he was made ________ in 1616.9. List any three of Shakespeare's comedies: ________, ________, and ________.10. The four great tragedies by Shakespeare are ________, ________, ________, and ________.11. Shakespeare has produced two tetralogies of English history plays, and the most discussed two are ________, and ________.12. Falstaff was no good companion for ________, who later became ________, a powerful king of England.13. ________ was a Jew and a usurer in ________, and he tried to take revenge on the Christians who despised and ill-treated him.14. lago is the villain in ________, who set a trap to lead ________ to believe that his wife ________ was unfaithful to him.15. ________ is a spirit in the dramatic romance ________, in which he helped ________, the former duke of ________ to get back the lost power.16. Shakespeare wrote ________ sonnets, which can be divided into groups with ________ and ________ sonnets in each group.17. The Shakespearean sonnet rhymes ________, and the last ________ lines are used as a conclusion to sum up the message of the poem.II. Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F): (10%)The English Enclosure Movement was a drive to fence up large pieces of land to raise sheep.The Tudor reign reached its most glorious time under King Henry VIII.In 1688 the English navy defeated the Spanish Armada on the high seas.Humanism opposed the Roman Catholic Church and the medieval bondage on people's minds.Miracle plays are simple and mostly tell the stories of the Bible.The university wits were all university graduates and they lived on uni versi ty campuses.in Shakespeare's days all the female roles were performed by boys.Romeo and Juliet was written in the third period of Shakespeare's creati ve career.The Spenserian stanza contains 8 iambic lines of 5 feet each and one l ast l i ne of 6 feet.The Arcadia is a romance in verse by Philip Sidney, which consists of 5 books.III. Explain the following literary terms: (15%)1. the Shakespearean sonnet2. blank verse3. pastoral poem4. three unities5. allegoryIV. Essay question: (25%)Choose one essay question from the given two and w rite an essay of at least 500 w ord s.1. Give a general account of the first flowering of Literature in the English Renaissance Peri od.2. Write an introduction of Shakespeare, his life and hi s l i terary achi evements.The 17th Century LiteratureReview Questions1. What historical elements caused the English Bourgeois Revolution and why is it so called the Puritan Revolution?2. Tell what you know about Milton's life.3. Make some comments on the epic poem Paradise Lost.4. In what way does Samson's last heroic deed remind us of Mil ton's l ast phase of l i fe?Review Questions1. Tell the unique features of the "Metaphysical Poetry".2. Choose one poem by metaphysical poets and discuss it as well as you can.3. Introduce the historical background for the emergence of the Restorati on drama.4. Choose to comment on one Restoration comedy writer and his play(s).Review Questions1. Choose either Absalom and Achitophel or Mac Flecknoe and analyse it to show Dryden's satirical power.2. Why is Dryden called "Father of English Literary Criticism"? What are his literary views presented in Of Dramatick Poesie?3. What kind of a writer is John Bunyan?4. Discuss as well as you can The Pilgrim's Progress.QuizI. Choose one correct answer from the four offers given after each of the following sentences or questions: (15%)1. Who was the leader of the Puritan Revolution of England?A. John LilburneB. Oliver CromwellC. MiltonD. Charles II2. Who was executed as the enemy of the English people after the victory of the Bourgeois Revolution?A. James IIB. Queen ElizabethC. Charles IID. Charl es 13. The Glorious Revolution took place in the year of ________.A. 1660B. 1688C. 1642 D 16494. The Bible was translated under the reign of ________ and publi shed i n ________.A. King James I, 1611B. King Charles I, 1625C. King James II, 1688D. King Charles I1, 16605. In the early 17th century there was a group of court poets represented by John Suckling, Robert Herrick, etc. who were called ________.A. metaphysical poetsB. cavalier poetsC. satirical poetsD. lyrical poets6. Milton's poem Lycidas is a(n) ________ and his Paradi se Lost i s wri tten i n ________.A. epic, heroic coupletB. pastoral poem, sonnetC. lyrical poem, rhymed verseD. elegy, blank verse7. Metaphysical poets are noted for their use of ________.A. blank verseB. conceitsC. alliterationD. typography8. In the Restoration Period, drama revived mainly because ________.A. Charles I1 and his court brought back with them a taste for dramaB. there appeared many good playwrightsC. the new bourgeois class liked dramaD. it was a reaction against the suppression of drama performance by the Puritan government9. Restoration plays have a significance in the history of English literature because ________.A. they are very entertaining with witty dialoguesB. they have themes about love and marriage of the city peopleC. they anticipate the plays of social manners by later dramatists like Sheridan and GoldsmithD. they have preserved comedies as a dramatic genre from distinctionI0. William Congreve chose to write his comedies on subjects of ________.A. family and social pressures on young people's free choice in love and marriageB. intrigues and deceptions in the games of love and marriageC. indecent sexual liaisons and the libertine life styleD. the fight over inheritance and marriage for money and rank11. Of the four speakers in his Of Dramatick Poesie John Dryden speaks through the character called ________.A. EugeniusB. CritesC. LisideiusD. Neander12. Besides heroic plays, Dryden also produced ________ such as Secret Love and Marriage a-la-Mode.A. tragi-comediesB. history playsC. dramatic romancesD. problem plays13. In religion John Bunyan was a ________.A. ProtestantB. Puritan dissenterC. CatholicD. Church of England man14. The Pilgrim's Progress is a(n) ________.A. fairy taleB. religious documentC. realistic novelD. allegory15. Before Dryden and Bunyan, the English prose mainly fol l owed the ________ styl es.A. Italian and FrenchB. French and SpanishC. French and LatinD. Spanish and LatinII. Give the full name of the authors of the following works: (10%)1. Grace Abounding to the Chief o/Sinners2. The Way of the World3. Absalom and Achitophel4. The Flea5. Areopagutuca; or Speech for the Liberty of Unlicensed Printing6. The Man of Mode7. The Work of the Beast8. The Altar9. The True Levellers' Standard Advanced10. The Plain-DealerIII. Identification exercises: Y ou are given three passages below from the works we have introduced in this part. Please read each carefully and then answer the questions attached to each passage (30%)1. [...] at this fair are all such merchandise sold, as houses, lands, trades, places, honours,prefermentst, titles, countries, kingdoms, lusts, pleasures, and delights of all sorts, as whores, bawds, wives, husbands, children, masters, servants, lives, blood, bodies, souls, silver, gold, pearls, precious stones, and what not.Questions:1) From which work is this passage taken and who is its author? (2 points)2) What is this passage about? (3 points)3) Translate the passage into Chinese. (5 points)2. Like mine, thy gentle numbers feebly creep;Thy tragic Muse gives smiles, thy comic sleep.With whate'er gall thou sett'st thyself to write,Thy inoffensive satires never bite.Questions:1) Name the work from which this poetic stanza is taken. (1 point)2) Who is the author of the poem and what kind of poetry is this? (2 points)3) Who is the poetic persona that speaks these lines and who i s the addressee? (2 poi nts)4) Paraphrase the first two lines. (5 points)3. Had we but world enough and time,This coyness, lady, were no crime.We would sit down, and think which wayTo walk, and pass out long love's day.Thou by the Indian Ganges' sideShouldst rubies find, [ by the tideOf Humber would complain. I wouldLove you ten years before the Flood.And you should, if you please, refuseTill the conversion of the Jews.Questions:1) Who is the poet of this selection and what is the name of the poem from which it is taken? (2 points)2) What kind of poetry is this called? (1 point)3) Translate the underlined verse lines. (5 points)4) What does the young man want to tell his mistress in thi s sel ected secti on? (2 poi nts)IV. Essay questions: (45%)I. Choose one from the given two topics and write an essay of at l east 300 words: (20%)1) Give a brief account of John Dryden's literary contributions.2) Discuss John Bunyan and his masterpiece The Pilgrim's Progress.2. Write an essay on the following topic in about 500 words: (25%)Analyse as well as you can John Milton's Paradise Lost.18th Century LiteratureReview Questions1. What are the essential features of Neoclassicism i n the 18th-century Engl and?2. Name the major Neoclassic representative writers of this period and introduce their major achievements.3. Comment on Pope's literary contributions.4. Analyse Swift's Gulliver's Travels.5. Name two important newspapers of the period and tell what you know about them.6. Why do we say Johnson was the literary lion of this period? Choose to discuss one of his works.Review Questions1. Discuss the social and historical elements that promoted the birth of the modern novel in England.2. Discuss Defoe's Robinson Crusoe as a typical middle-class novel.3. What kind of novel did Richardson write? And discuss his two major novels to show your points.4. How did Fielding name his panoramic novels? What are the mai n features of hi s novel s?5. Why do we say that Tristram Shandy is a strange and difficult novel? In what way does this novel anticipate the postmodern novel tendencies?Romanticism LiteratureReview Questions1. What is Topographical Poetry? Give some examples of poems bel ong to thi s category.2. Why is Thomas Gray called a Graveyard poet? Discuss his Elegy Written in a Country Church-Y ard.3. Choose to discuss two of Robert Burns' poems.4. Tell what you know about William Blake and his literary achievements.5. What was the intellectual background that brought about the Gothic Novel?6. Choose one from the three Gothic novelists introduced in this chapter and discuss his or her major novel as well as you can. ~'QuizI. Identify the following works with their writers: (10%)The Rape of the Lock Laurence SterneGulliver's Travels Henry FieldingLives of the English Poets Alexander PopeCato Jonathan SwiftThe Seasons Matthew Gregory I~Robinson Crusoe Samuel RichardsonA Sentimental Journey Through France and Italy Joseph AddisonClarissa Samuel JohnsonTom Jones Daniel DefoeThe Monk James ThomsonII. Fill in the blanks: (20%)1. The two well-known newspapers run by Steele and Addison are ________ and ________.2. Pope wrote a poem about literary principles in the form of ________, which is entitled ________.3. ________ was prejudiced against ________, whereas ________ wrote 18 critical essays to praise this great English poet.4. Gulliver's Travels consists of ________ books to tell separately Gulliver's adventures in________, ________, ________ and ________.5. Johnson took 7 years to compile ________, and he ran a j ournal call ed ________.6. Pope solved his financial problem with the money he got from translating ________, and Richardson became the first English writer who did not depend on wri ti ng for ________.7. Name two English female novelists during the first flowering of the novel in England: ________ and ________.8. Robert Burns is most well-known for his poems written in ________ and William Blake took ________ as his occupation.III. Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F): (10%)The rise of the modern novel is closely related to the rise of the middle class and an urban life.Tom Jones is the first English tragic novel, whereas Clarissa is a comic novel of a panoramic social scope.Besides Robinson Crusoe, Defoe wrote two novels about the life of lowly women and they are Pamela and Moll Flanders.Richardson is regarded as the greatest letter novel wri ter of 18th-century Europe.Tristram Shandy is a unique novel in the world's literary history, which is ahead of its time in the experimentation of narrative skills.Gray is the most important representative of the Topographical Poets.Swift's satirical essay The Modest Proposal enraged the English king and a price of 300 pounds was set for the person who would betray him.Joseph Addison is also known as a good literary critic for his essays on Milton and on pleasures of imagination.Samuel Johnson was all his life an arm-chair traveler without an opportunity to travel beyond England.Radcliffe is different from the other Gothic novelists because she always gives a rational explanation to the seemingly terrible things in her novel.IV. Explain the following literary terms: (15%)1. picaresque novel2. Augustan Age3. heroic couplet4. mock epi c5. quatrainV. Essay questions: (45%)Group I: Choose one question from the given three and write an essay to it in about 300 words: (20%)1) Choose to discuss one writer or work in thi s part you are more fami l iar wi th.2) Say something about Neoclassicism and its representati on i n Engl i sh li terature.3) Write to tell in what sense the modern novel is different from the picaresque novel, allegoriesand romances that went before it.Group 2: Choose one question from the three given below and write an essay to it in about 500 words: (25%)1) Compare Richardson and Fielding to show their differences i n theme and i n techni que.2) Say something about Defoe as a typical middle-class writer and comment on his character Robinson Crusoe as well.3) Comment on Alexander Pope and his contributions to English poetry.Review Questions1. What was the historical situation that nurtured the English Romantic ism?2. Who are the representatives of English Romantic Poetry.'? And how are they generally grouped?3. Say what you know about Wordsworth's life and his ideas about poetry.4. Choose two of Wordsworth's poems and anal yse them wi th your own percepti ons.5. Give an account of Coleridge's life and his literary achievements.6. Tell the story of "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner" and try to analyse i ts romanti c features.Review Questions1. What are the differences between the Lake Poets and the younger generation of English Romanticists?2. Describe the Byronic hero and the main thematic and artisti c features of B yron's poetry.3. What are Shelley's social ideals seen in his poetry? And illustrate your points with his poems we introduce in this chapter.。

四子王旗宽高实验学校高二年级第二学期开学考试英语试卷全卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第一部分听力（30分）（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

ABelow is a list of the top and leading Chinese Restaurants in Los Angeles.Hoy’s Chinese RestaurantThe restaurant is a family-owned and operated business that has been offering tasty servings in every table. Their family is proud to serve everyone always something like that.Products/Services: Dim Sum, Vegetarian Menu, Specialty, Seafood Address: 7105 Sunset Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90046Phone: (323)850-6637Reviews: “They manage their high-level service and the highest level of the food they serve.”—FrancisPhoenix Chinese CuisineFor more than five decades, it has served tens of thousands of consumers in Los Angeles. The restaurant will not be tired of inviting you to truly experience authentic and remarkable dining. Products/Services: Seafood. Coconut, Rice Noodle, Chicken Wings Address: 301 Ord St, Los Angeles, CA 90012Phone: (213) 629-2812Reviews: “Great place to go eat & the price is fair for the most part. It does get busy at times with all the online food orders.”—Julio Dragon Chinese RestaurantThe Lees have cooked and served Chinese food for over 40 years, produc ing delicious Chinese cuisine that wasn’t accessible to the metropolis.Products/Services: House Specialties, Appetizers, Beef, Seafood, VegetablesAddress: 8597 W Pico Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90035Phone: (310) 657-7355Reviews: “The restaurant is absolutel y the tastiest place in the region.”—TomLittle China RestaurantIt welcomes the customer as if in China, 6 days a week. For customers who do not have any time to go out, you can check outtheir menu online and order, for pickup and delivery.Products/Services: Chicken, Pork, Vegetables, Noodle and Rice Dishes, DessertsAddress: 3535 Cahuenga Blvd w # 107, Los Angeles, CA 90068 Phone: (323) 969-8838Reviews: “Wonderful restaurant, we came here after going to Universal Studios. The prices are super reasonabl e!”—James1. If you want to order some seafood for delivery, you can call________.A. (323) 850-6637B. (213) 629-2812C. (310) 657-7355D. (323) 969-88382. What do Hoy’s Chinese Restaurant and Dragon Chinese Restaurant have in commonA. The price is fairly low.B. They are family-run.C. They provide vegetarian menu.D. They are in operation for decades.3. In which section are you likely to read the passage in a magazineA. Food.B. Health.C. Economy.D. Entertainment.BEarlier this month，6-year-old lsaac went on vacation to Fort Walton，Florida，with his family. While there，his mother Garrett learned about Lulu，a restaurant that offers food to customers withfood allergies(过敏症).At LuLu，Isaac could eat a salad and roast chicken with rice.“lsaac looked at me as if he was asking me，Is this ok？”Garrett said. Once his mom gave the OK，Isaac enjoyed for the first time the experience of ordering and eating at a restaurant.” “That look on his face seemed to show that this was the coolest thing he had ever done.” Garrett said.Garrett and her family rarely eat out because of Isaac’s food allergies. When they do, she cooks something for Isaac at home before they leave and brings it with her to the restaurant. “It’s not fun and it feels unfair,” she said.Their night at Lulu marked a celebration for lsaac. Isaac felt terribly fulfilled because of eating at the restaurant. Garrett shared the moment on the restaurant's Facebook page to thank them for helping her son. “Thank you from the bottom of my heart for giving hi m this experience.” she wrote in her post.Barnett，the restaurant's manager said，“When customers tell the staff that someone in their group has a food allergy，I help with the order by passing it to the kitchen，ensuring it's cooked in a separate station and offering the finished food to the guests. We have been improving this process over the last 10 years since our allergy program was started.”On Garrett's Facebook post，Lulu thanked Garrett for sharing her story. “Thank you for sharing your experience with us.” the restaurant wrote in a comment. “We are excited to see your son so happy！””Garrett is hoping her post's popularity will make other restaurants，especially the places near her family's home about 30 minutes away from Mashville，provide such a serv ice.” Lulu offers quality services to the guests with food allergies. Nothing would make us happier than that.” She said.4. Why do Garrett and her family hardly eat out at restaurantsA. Because they are on a low income.B. Because Garrett likes cooking herself.C. Because Isaac easily suffers from food allergies.D. Because they consider the food in restaurants unhealthy.5. What does Garrett usually do when her family go to eat at a restaurantA. She leaves her son alone at home.B. She orders some special food for her son.C. She lets her son choose his favorite dishes.D. She prepares some food for her son ahead of time.6. What will Barnett do when guests with allergies come to dinnerA. He will help them order food.B. He will offer services to them first.C. He will provide private room for them.D. He will introduce their allergy program.7. What moved Garrett deeplyA. LuLu's response to her post.B. Her son's experience at LuLu.C. LuLu's concern for the guests with allergies.D. More restaurants' following in LuLu's steps.CThe Forbidden City is well known for being full of Chinese cultural and historical relics. But Masters in the Forbidden City（《我在故宫修文物》）does not just focus on the stories of the past. Instead, the documentary movie, which came out in Chinese cinemas on Dec. 16, focuses on ordinary people-the restorers（修复者）of relics and antiquities（古董）.The stories are told at a slow and relaxed pace, reflecting the restorers’ work. Restoration of cultural relics and antiques can be time-consuming, and sometimes boring. Yet these restorers’ patience and peace of mind are especially precious in a society where everything is changing so fast.“If you choose this job, you have to stand hours of work sitting on a chair. You need to be quiet and get use d to being quiet,” saysWang Jin, an ancient clock repair expert.A touching part of the documentary is the spirit of craftsmanship （工艺）in the restorers. “Years of humdrum work requires not only skill, but also faith and spirit,” China Daily commented. “Loo king for preciseness and perfection, devoting yourself to work, patience, endurance（忍耐）, loneliness…All these qualities come from the craftsman spirit. ”But unlike the popular idea of serious experts who sit around being serious, the documentary shows off the enthusiasm of the restorers. They play their guitars and make jokes about each other after a long day of restoration work.One scene that has been very popular with Internet users features a young female restorer riding a bicycle through the empty Forbidden City on a Monday. While she is doing this, a narrator says, “The last person to do this was Puyi, the last emperor of the Oing Dynasty.”Masters in the Forbidden City has proved wrong many people’s ideas about antique restorers, allowing them to realize that they are not old, dull professors, but people in their 40s, 30s and even 20s who can be quite pleasing to the eye.8. According to the text, what’s the main purpose of the documentary Masters in the Forbidden CityA. To show people how antiques are restoredB. To display relics seldom seen by ordinary peopleC. To draw attention to Chinese antique restorers’ livesD. To praise the craftsmanship of Chinese antique restorers9. What can we learn from what Wang Lin says in paragraph4A. He often gets tired with his workB. There is no need to do restoration work fastC. Antique restorers need to be patient and peacefulD. It takes years of hard work to adapt to antique restoration10. What does the underlined word “humdrum” in paragraph 5 meanA. BoringB. DifferentC. RelaxingD. Unusual11. What is the purpose of the bicyle-riding scene in the documentaryA. To remind the audience of the last Qing emperorB. To show the strange hobbies of young antique restorersC. To encourage the young to consider a career in antique restoration in the futureD. To show that the documentary breaks from the old, dull image of antique restorersDThe country’s first national park, Yellowstone, is renaming one ofits largest mountains to honor indigenous people after research revealed the man it had been named after helped lead a massacre (屠杀) against local tribes. As part of the park’s 150th anniversary, officials announced the 10,551-foot high peak formerly called Mount Doane is now First Peoples Mountain.“It is a vi ctory, yes. Is history being rewritten and retold truthfully I hope so,” William Snell, executive director of the Rocky Mountain Tribal Leaders Council, told NPR. His group helped advise federal officials on the name change. In an email, Snell said the change to First Peoples Mountain couldn't have come at a better time as Yellowstone officials prepare for the park’s anniversary in August. The peak—along a range on the eastern side of Yellowstone Lake—had been named after Gustavus Doane, who helped lead the Washburn-Langford-Doane exploration in 1870 that eventually led to the park getting federal protection.But recently, historians uncovered Doane’s role in an attack that left at least 173 Native Americans dead. Known as the Marias Massacre, Doane carried out the attack over the killing of a white fur trader. In writings, Doane cast a favorable light on the attack and even showed off about it for the rest of his life, the National Park Service said last week.The renaming to First Peoples Mountain is part of a trend to betterrecognize the roles and contributions of Native Americans. It has also become a priority of the nation’s first indigenous cabinet secretary—the Interior Department’s Deb Haaland, who oversees the National Park Service—and Charles SamsⅢ, the first Native American to serve as that agency’s director.Across the American West, many iconic representative mountains and other environmental places were named after early white settlers, mostly men and some with terrible pasts.In Yellowstone, park officials say they may consider further changes to derogatory (贬损的) or inappropriate geographical names in the months ahead.12 Why does Yellowstone decide to rename one of its largest mountainsA. To gain more profits.B. To uncover the history of 1870s.C. To be in honour of Native Americans.D. To change people's attitude towards the park.13. What is paragraph 4 mainly aboutA. The terrible pasts of Doane.B. The effort historians made.C. The contributions Doane made.D. The conclusion National Park Service drew.14. What will Yellowstone Park do according to park officialsA. Improve the service qualities.B. Learn from history events andcharacters.C Protect the environment of Yellowstone Park. D. Consider renaming improper geographical names.15. What can we learn from the textA. Doane regarded his deeds as a shame.B. Doane was once mistaken for a hero.C. Americans reacted to the renaming negatively.D. The government thought little of the renaming work.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

a r X i v :c o n d -m a t /0201027v 1 [c o n d -m a t .s t r -e l ] 3 J a n 2002Reply to “Comment on ‘Two Fermi points in the exact solution of the Kondo problem”A.A.Zvyagin Max-Planck-Institut f¨u r Chemische Physik fester Stoffe,N¨o thnitzer Str.40,D-01187Dresden,Germany,and B.I.Verkin Institute for Low Temperature Physics and Engineering,Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences,47Lenin Avenue,Kharkov,61164,Ukraine December 14,2001Abstract In his Comment N.Andrei questions the use of symmetric limits of integration of the Bethe ansatz integral equations in my recent study devoted to some features of the Bethe ansatz solution of the Kondo problem.In this Reply I show that the statement of the Comment about the asymmetry of integration limits contradicts the distribution of the quantum numbers in discrete Bethe ansatz equations.I also argue that the asymmetry of the excitation energy,supported in the Comment,contradicts the initial chiral symmetry of conduction electrons in the physical Kondo problem.Hence the distribution of spin rapidities has to be symmetric for any magnetization.1The Comment by N.Andrei[1]is devoted to the discussion of the very important point of the Kondo problem.Recently I pointed out that two energy scales can appear in the Bethe ansatz solution of the Kondo problem[2].The onset of the second scale was the consequence of the symmetric with respect to zero distribution of spin rapidities,which parametrize the eigenvalues and eigenstates of the Hamiltonian of the Kondo problem in the Bethe ansatz approach.The main question raised by the Comment is whether that distribution of spin rapidities is symmetric or asymmetric.In other words,the Comment questions the use of symmetric limits of integration of the Bethe ansatz integral equations in Ref.[2].I note that for the presence of two energy scales in the Bethe ansatz solution it is enough to consider both of limits being not necessary symmetric,but non-infinite, though.One infinite and onefinite limits of integration produce ill-defined features of the ground states of the impurity models in the Bethe ansatz solutions and it was necessary to introduce special artificial cut-offprocedures to avoid these problems[3].There are two arguments that support the symmetric limits of integration of my approach:1.In the discrete Bethe ansatz equations for spin rapidities[Eqs.(1)of the Comment or Eqs.(3)of Ref.[2]]the quantum numbers Jα,which parametrize the eigenstates and eigenvalues are distributed symmetrically with respect to zero,between±(N−M−1)/2 [1,2].Here N is the number of electrons and M is the number of electrons with down spin(including the impurity).Hence,this symmeric distribution is valid for any M, i.e.,for any magnetic moment of the system[the z-projection of the total spin of the system is equal to S z=(N/2)−M].The integral Bethe ansatz equations(Eq.(4)of the Comment and Eq.(4)of Ref.[2])are the direct consequences of discrete Bethe ansatz equations(Eqs.(1)of the Comment or Eqs.(3)of Ref.[2]),according to the well-known procedure[4].Hence the distribution of rapidities in the thermodynamic continuum limit must be also symmetric for any magnetization of the system,otherwise the distributions of quantum numbers in the discrete Bethe ansatz equations and in their continuum limit would contradict each other.2.The energy of any excitation,mentioned in the Comment,is,naturally,the con-sequence of the Bethe ansatz equations for quantum numbers(or for the distribution of rapidities).One cannot obtain that energy independently of the Bethe ansatz equations. N.Andrei points out that this energy is the asymmetric function of spin rapidities in2the known Bethe ansatz solution of the Kondo problem.I argue that this is the arti-fact of the approach.Physically,one can consider both signs for the kinetic term in the Hamiltonian of the problem (the first equation of the Comment and Eq.(1)of Ref.[2])because one can study the Kondo interaction of the magnetic impurity with either right-or left-moving conduction electrons from the same grounds.The physical answer must not depend on the choise of the chirality of conduction electrons,naturally.However,if one uses the definition of the energy supported in the Comment,the energy changes its sign when changing the chirality of conduction electrons,namely due to that asymmetry.Clearly,one has to use the symmetrized energy,too,to avoid this inconsistency.That implies that the energy should be defined as E =− N j =1|k j |+const [5].This removes the inconsistency between the symmetric distribution of quantum numbers in the discrete Bethe ansatz equations and the asymmetric distribution in its continous limit [Eq.(4)of the Comment],mentioned above.It turn out that,emphasized in the Comment,dis-tributions of rapidities and energies are symmetric functions with respect to zero in any known Bethe ansatz solutions (lattice ones or quantum field theories)except of impurity problems .Summarizing,the statement of the Comment about the asymmetry of integration limits contradicts the distribution of the quantum numbers in discrete Bethe ansatz equa-tions.On the other hand,the asymmetry of the excitation energy supported in the Comment,contradicts the initial chiral symmetry of conduction electrons in the physical Kondo problem.Therefore the distribution of spin rapidities has to be symmetric for any magnetization of the system,which yields the presence of the second energy scale in the Bethe ansatz solution of the Kondo problem.This confirms the correctness of the conclusions made in my study [2].3References[1]N.Andrei,preprint cond-mat/0112257.[2]A.A.Zvyagin,Phys.Rev.B64,060405(R)(2001).[3]N.Andrei,K.Furuya and J.H.Lowenstein,Rev.Mod.Phys.55,331(1983);A.M.Tsvelick and P.B.Wiegmann,Adv.Phys.32,453(1983);P.Schlottmann,Phys.Reports181,1(1989).[4]L.Hulth´e n,Ark.Mat.Astron.Fys.26A,1(1938);C.N.Yang and C.P.Yang,Phys.Rev.150,321(1966).[5]A.A.Zvyagin,to be published in Phys.Rev.B.4。

2024年上海市英语初三上学期期末复习试题及答案指导一、听力部分（本大题有20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1、Listen to the following dialogue and answer the question. (1.5 points)A. In a library.B. At a bus stop.C. At a restaurant.D. In a hotel.Answer: B. At a bus stop.Explanation: The dialogue mentions the person has to get on the bus and that there are no more tickets available, indicating they are at a bus stop.2、 Listen to the passage and answer the question. (1.5 points)A. It is a very old book.B. It is written in English.C. It is about a famous writer.D. It was written in the 19th century.Answer: B. It is written in English.Explanation: The passage clearly states that the book is written in English, which helps to identify the correct answer.3、Question: What are the twins doing right now?A. They are reading books in the library.B. They are watching a movie at home.C. They are playing soccer in the park.Answer: CExplanation: The twins are often seen playing sports, and the context implies they are engaged in an outdoor activity. Therefore, the correct answer is that they are playing soccer in the park.4、Question: How do the students feel about their teacher after the school trip?A. They are sad because the teacher is too strict.B. They are happy because the teacher is very friendly.C. They are confused because the teacher is not clear about the trip rules.Answer: BExplanation: The conversation before the question mentions how the teacher made the trip fun for everyone and involved the students actively. This suggests a positive experience, making the best answer that the students are happy because the teacher is very friendly.5.You hear a conversation between two students, John and Sarah, discussing their summer plans.John: “Hey Sarah, have you decided what you’re going to do for your summer vacation?”Sarah: “Well, I’m planning to go on a trip to the beach. How about you?”Question: What is Sarah’s summer plan?A) Go on a beach tripB) Visit her grandparentsC) Study abroadD) Work part-timeAnswer: A) Go on a beach tripExplanation: Sarah directly states her plan to go on a trip to the beach, which makes option A the correct answer.6.You hear a news report about a local charity event that took place last weekend.Reporter: “Last weekend, the local community center hosted a charity event to raise funds for the children’s hospital. Many local businesses and individuals donated money and time. The event included a bake sale, a silent auction, and a talent show. According to the organizers, the event was a great success and they were able to raise over$5,000 for the hospital.”Question: What did the charity event raise money for?A) A local schoolB) The children’s hospitalC) A local shelterD) An animal sanctuaryAnswer: B) The children’s hospit alExplanation: The news report explicitly mentions that the charity event was for the children’s hospital, making option B the correct answer.7、 According to the weather forecast, the temperature will significantly drop tomorrow.•Answer: C•Explanation: The correct answer is C, as the forecast mentions the temperature will significantly drop. The other options do not accurately reflect what the forecast states.8、The speaker suggests that students should start studying from now on to prepare for the exam.•Answer: B•Explanation: The correct answer is B because the speaker advises students to begin their studies promptly to ensure good preparation for theupcoming exam. The other options do not align with the advice given in the recording.9.You are listening to a conversation between two students, Anna and Bob, discussing their vacation plans.Anna: Hi Bob, I’m thinking of going to Greece for my vacation. Have you considered anywhere else?Bob: (Answer)A) I thought about Portugal but isn’t it a bit too hot in the summer?B) Yeah, Greece sounds great. Maybe the Amalfi Coast could be an interesting alternative.C) Personally, I’m looking into visiting Japan, but I’m unsure if it’s too far.Answer: B) Yeah, Greece sounds great. Maybe the Amalfi Coast could be an interesting alternative.解析: Bob回复说“Greece sounds great. Maybe the Amalfi Coast could be an interesting alternative.”，这表明他认为希腊听起来很好，可能还会考虑意大利的阿马尔菲海岸作为另一个选择。

常用动词与介词搭配1．动词＋ginstbrush ginst 触到，擦及declre ginst 表态ight ginst 反对，与……做斗争gurd ginst 提防hit ginst 碰撞inorm ginst /on 告发，检举insure ginst 给……保险len ginst 倚，靠，依靠protect ginst 抗议ril ginst /t 咒骂，严厉责备，抱怨rect ginst 反对，反其道而行side ginst 反对vote ginst 投票反对2．动词＋tim t 志在，旨在；瞄准，针对be mzed t 对……大为惊奇be nnoyed t 因……而恼怒rrive t 到达；得出（结论）；做出（决定）be stonished t 对……感到惊讶brk t 对……吠cll t 访问（某地）；（车、船等）停靠（某地）direct t 把……对准，针对drive t意指exclim t对……表示惊奇ire t向……射击rown t 对……表示不满be rustrted t 因……而沮丧（或灰心）gze t 凝视，注视get t 到达，接近（以取得某物）glnce t 瞥见，匆匆地一看glre t 怒目而视grb t 抓住，夺得knock t 敲（门）lugh t 嘲笑，取笑；因……而发笑look t 看，察看；考虑peer t 仔细看，费力地看point t 指向……run t 冲向，扑向shoot t 向……射击shout t 对……叫嚷，对……吼叫smile t 对……微笑snp t 猛咬；厉声说话，怒声责骂stre t 盯着看throw t 向……投掷work t 从事，致力于，研究3．动词＋orccount or 说明……原因，解释ct or 代理im or 瞄准；打算，企图；致力，旨在llow or 考虑到pologize or 为（某事）道歉；为（某事）表示歉意ppel or 呼吁，恳求pply orrrnge or申请rrest sb. or 为……做准备sk or 要求（得到）；自己招惹（麻烦等）beg or 请求得到bid or 出价，竞价blme sb. or 因……而责备某人budget or 编预算，为……做安排ch rge …or 索价，收费cheer or 为……欢呼，为……喝彩criticize or 因……批评declre or 表示支持deprt or 动身前往……die or 渴望，切望dig or 搜寻，探究，细查exchnge …or 以……换excuse … or原谅eel … or 摸索，寻找ile or 提出orgive sb. or 因……而宽恕(或原谅)某人hed or 向……行进hope or 希望hunger or 渴望inquire or 询问，探问leve … or 离开……去……，身去……long or 渴望look or 寻找；招惹mke or 走向mistke … or错把……当作py or 付钱，赔偿pine or 渴望，思念pln or 为……订计划prise sb. or 因为……而表扬某人pry or 祈求，请求prepre or 为……做准备prescribe … or 为……开（药）prospect or 勘探，勘察provide sth. or sb. 为某人提供某物quliy sb. or 使某人具有资格，使某人胜任run or 竞选scold sb. or 因……而责骂（或训斥）某人serch or 寻找，搜寻seek or 寻找，探求struggle or 为……而奋斗substitute …or 以……代替tender or投标thnk sb. or 因……而感谢某人thirst or /ter 渴望，渴求tret sb. or 为某人治……病vote or 投票赞成，投票选举（某人）wit or 等候wnt or 缺少wtch or 守候；窥视；等待weep or 为……哭泣wish or 盼望，企求4．动词＋romrise rom （由……）引起，（由……）产生，起源于bn … rom 禁止……做……br … rom 阻止……做beneit rom 受益，得到好处come rom 来自dte rom 追溯到deprt rom 背离，违反derive rom 起源于，衍生于descend rom 起源于，是……的后裔die rom 因……而死亡dier rom 与……不同discourge … rom 劝阻……做dismiss .. rom 开除，解雇棵；打消（想法等）distinguish … rom 区别，把……与……区分开来drw … rom 提取（钱款）；汲取（教训等）eliminte … rom 将……从……中排除emerge … rom 出现，产生于escpe rom 从……逃跑（或逃走）exclude …rom 把……从……排除在外excuse … rom 使免除（责任、惩罚等）lee rom 从……逃走ree … rom 使摆脱，使解除grdute rom 从……毕业，毕业于her rom 得到……的消息，接到……的来信iner … rom 从……中推论出isolte … rom 使……与……隔离keep … rom 使……不做某事，阻止……做某事lern rom 向……学习liberte … rom 解放，使……获自由prohibit sb. rom 禁止某人做protect … rom 保护……使不受rnge rom 在（某范围内）变动recover rom 恢复，痊愈relese … rom 从……释放remove … rom 从……移开，去掉restrin … rom 阻止……做，抑制……做result rom 由……造成，由……产生retire rom 从……撤退retret rom 从……退却（或撤退）seprte … rom 把……分开，区分开来shelter rom 躲避shield … rom 保护shit rom从……转移shrink rom退缩，畏缩stem rom起源于stop … rom 组织suer rom 受……之苦tell … rom 分清，区别，区分withdrw rom 从……撤退5．动词＋inbe bsorbed inbelieve in 信仰，相信；主张，认为是好的brek in 闯入；插嘴consist in 在于delight in 喜欢，以……为乐end in 以……告终，结果engge in 参加，从事于interere in 干涉，干预invest in 投资involve … in 使牵连，使陷入；使承担join in 参加，加入key in 键入（数据等）lunch in 使开始从事lie in 在于be locted 坐落于mjor in 主修，专攻minor in （大学中）副修prticipte in 参与，参加persist in 坚持result in 结果为，归结为specilize in 专门研究，专攻shre in 分享，分担succeed in 在……成功，成功地完成trust in 相信，信任6．动词＋intobrek into 强行闯入burst into 突然发作build … into 把……建成为chnge … into 把……变成combine … into 将……结合在一起convert … into 把……改变为，兑换develop into 发展成为divide … into 把……分成dig into 搜寻，探究，细查evolve into 发展成，演变成grow into 长成，发展成integrte into （使）成为一体，（使）合并introduce … into将……引进到lunch into 使开始从事penetrte into 渗入；洞察，了解pierce into 穿透，刺破plunge into 纵身投入resolve into 分解trnslte … into 将……译成turn … into （使）变成7．动词＋occuse … o 指控，控告dmit o 容许有，有……余地llow o 容许，容得，容许有pprove o 赞同，赞许ssure … o 向……保证，使……确信become o 发生……情况，……怎么啦bost o /bout 夸耀，自夸chet … o 欺骗cler … o 从……中除掉complin o 抱怨，诉苦consist o 由……组成，由……构成convince … o 使……确信，使……信服cure … o 治愈……疾病；矫正……不良习惯等demnd … o 向……要求despir o 绝望die o 死于dispose o 去掉，丢掉，除掉drem o 梦想，渴望；考虑expect … o 对……有……希望her o 听说过，听到的……事inorm … o 通知，告诉lern o /bout 获悉，得知，了解red o /bout读到remind … o使……想起，提醒rid … o 使……摆脱，使……去掉rob … o抢走；使……失去smell o 有……的气味spek o谈到，讲到strip … o剥夺……的……suspect … o 怀疑，猜疑tlk o /bout 谈论tste o 有……味道，尝起来……think o 考虑，想起wrn o 警告，事先告诉8．动词＋onct on 按照……行事gree on 在……上意见一致bse … on 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A.call offB.call inC.call onD.call up
5.When weighing Thomas Jefferson’s legacy, one must consider, ______, his promotion of democratic principles, despite his ownership of slaves.
A.empathy-oriented; charitableB.empathy-oriented; established
C justice-oriented; demandingD.justice-oriented; needy
10.This moment is an opportunity to build a sharper UNESCO, a UNESCO with better delivery, ______ its ambitions and in line with the needs of the 21st century.
2.The basketball coach’s course is known for its ______ training, as he pushes his players to their limits to achieve maximum performance.
A.humbleB.intenseC.randomD.undying
A.once and for allB.in allC.after allD.above all
6.While these measures have been helpful in reducing the recent stress in financial markets, they ______ providing a lasting solution to the challenges.