Before用法小结与考点解读
Before用作连词时，意思是“在……之前”。其实，它引导状语从句时，在不同的句式中以及汉英表达习惯的不同，before含有不同的含义和用法。
从历年的高考试题可以看出，before是高考考查的热点词汇之一。为了帮助大家掌握，现就对它的用法归纳如下：
一、表示“在……之后……才”。副词“才”在汉语中强调某事发生得晚或慢。如果在含有before从句的复合句中，强调从句动作发生得晚或慢时，就可以应用这种译法。
The American Civil War lasted four years _______ the North won in the end.(2005广东)
A. after
B. before
C. when
D. then
解析：答案为B。本题考查连词before表示“在……之后才……”之的用法，根据本句含义“美国南北战争持续了四年，北方才最终取得胜利”，可知本题应选B。
二、表示“……还没来得及……就……”。目的在于强调从句动作发生之前，主句动作已发生。
—Why didn't you tell him about the meeting? (2006四川卷)
—He rushed out of the room _________ I could say a word.
A. before
B. until
C. when
D. after
解析：答案为A。本题考查连词before表示“……还没来得及……就……”的用法。句意是“我还没来得及说一句话，他就冲出了房间”。
三、表示“在……之前就……”。这时主句与before从句中的两个动作按时间先后依次发生。
It was evening______ we reached the little town of Winchester. （2004天津）
A. that
B. until
C. since
D. before
解析：答案为D。本题考查连词before表示“在……之前就……”的用法。句意是“我们到达小镇Winchester之前就已经是傍晚时分了”。
四、表示“趁……”，“等到……”，或“没等……就……”等。
He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _____ it got worse.（2003北京）
A. until
B. when
C. before
D. as
解析：答案为C。由made a mistake和转折词but可知本题句意是“他出了差错, 但没等其进一步恶化，他就调整了局势”。故正确答案为C项。
五、用于句型“It + will/would be + 时间段+ before...”句型中，表示“要过多久才…”，也可用于“It + may be + 时间段+ before...”，表示“也许要过多久才……”。其否定形式“It will/would not be +时间段+ befor e…”表示“不久就……，过不了多久就……”。
（1）The field research will take John and Paul about five months; it will be
a long time _____ we meet them again.（2007安徽卷）
A. after
B. before
C. since
D. when （2）—How long do you think it will be ______China sends a manned spaces ship to the moon? （2006福建卷）
—Perhaps two or three years.
A. when
B. until
C. that
D. before
（3）It ________ long before we _______ the result of the experiment.( 上海春招2002)
A. will not be...will know
B. is...will know
C. will not be...know
D. is...know
(4) Scientists say it may be five or six years_________ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. （2004福建）
A. since
B. after
C. before
D. when
解析：答案为BDCC。考题（1）(2)before 用于肯定的“It + will be + 时间段+ before...”句型中，表示“要过多久…才…”。考题（3）before在本题中用于否定句,意为“过不了多久就会……”,再由状语从句要用一般现在时态替一般将来时的用法可知C项为正确答案,句意是:要不了多久我们就会知道试验的结果了。考题（4）宾语从句中含有句型“It + may be + 时间段+ before...”，表示“也许要过多久才……”，故选择答案C。
六、用于句型“it was +时间段+ before …” 表示“过了（多长时间）才……”。其否定形式“it was not +时间段+ before…”意为“不久就……”,“没过（多长时间）就……”。
It was some time ___________we realized the truth. （2005山东）
A. when
B. until
C. since
D. before
解析：答案为D。before用于句型“it was +时间段+ before …” 表示“过了（多长时间）才……”。该题题意是“过了一段时间我们才意识到事情的真相”。故正确答案为C项。
七、和hardly连用，表示“刚一……就……”。该结构主句常用过去完成时，当hardly位于句首时，要用倒装语序，例如：
I had hardly sat down before the telephone rang.
Hardly had I sat down before the telephone rang.
我刚一坐下电话就响了。
八、和其它相似句型的区别
有时候before引导的时间状语从句与since，when引导的时间状语从句在下列结构中较相似，容易混淆。
“It be +时间段+ since引导的时间状语从句”表示“自从……已经有多长时间了”。主句用一般现在时或现在完成时。
“It be +时间点+when引导的时间状语从句”表示“某个动作发生时，是某个时间”。主句谓语动词可以是一般过去时，也可以是一般将来时。
（1）It is almost five years we saw each other last time. （2005北京春）
A. before
B. since
C. after
D. when （2）—Did Jack come back early last night? （2005福建）
—Yes. It was not yet eight o’ clock________ he arrived home.
A. before
B. when
C. that
D. until
解析：答案为BB。考题（1）考查的是“It be +时间段+ since引导的时间状语从句”结构，句意是“自从上次我们见面以来已经近五年没有见了”，故选择答案B。考题（2）考查的是句型“It be +时间点+when引导的时间状语从句”，句意是“他昨晚回家时还不到8点”，故选择答案B。
九、before long和long before的区别
before long意为“不久，很快”（其中before是介词，long是名词），常在句中作状语，多与动词的过去时或将来时连用。例如：
The work will be finished before long. 工作不久就会完成。
Before long he had to move on again. 不久，他被迫再次迁移。
long before意为“很久以前”（其中long是副词。long before单独使用时，before是介词；long before后接从句时，before是连词。）这个词组常与过去时或过去完成时连用，跟从句时也可用在一般现在时的句子中。例如：
She said that she had heard of it long before. 她说她早就听说过此事。
It will be long before he arrives. 还要等很久他才能到达。
巩固练习
一、选词填空
1. before long/long before
(1) __________he went to America.
(2) I hope to see you ____________.
(3) She said she had read the novel ______________.
(4) I had not waited ______________ she came.
（5）It was not ____________he got to know it.
2. before/since/when
(1) It was four 0’clock _______ they arrived at the town.
(2) It has been 3 years__________ his brother went abroad for further stu dy.
(3) It will be more than a week __________ his mother recovers from th
e disease.
二、翻译下列句子
1. 不等我说一句话，她就冲出了房间。
2. 他叔叔五年后才能回来。
3. 不久之后，敌人就被赶走了。
4. 他们不久就会互相了解的。
5. 他们正在考虑趁房价未涨时把房子买下来。
6. 我没等多久她就来了。
7. 我们还需要很长时间才能完成这项任务。
8. 不久他就学会使用计算机了。
9. 过了一段时间之后他告诉了我这件事。
10. 不久之后我们还会再见面的。
11. 大火烧了近四个小时，消防战士才把它控制住。
12.不久你就会对你的所作所为感到后悔的。
13. 他刚一开口发言，就被其他人打断了。
14. 不久他就知道了
三、单句改错
1. It was some time since they realized the importance os studies.
2. It was at midnight when her husband came back home last night.
3. It was about five hours when the workers shipped all the goods.
4. We will finish the work long before. .
5. It will be half a year before his brother will graduate from that college.
6. I had known her before long.
四、单项选择
1. —Why didn't you tell him about the meeting ?
—He rushed out of the room _________ I could say a word.
A. before
B. until
C. when
D. after
2. —How long do you think it will be ______China sends a manned spaceshi p to the moon?
—Perhaps two or three years.
A. when
B. until
C. that
D. before
3 .He was told that it would be at least three more months he could recove r and return to work.
A. when
B. before
C. since
D. that
4. Several weeks had gone by______ I realized the painting was missing.
A. as
B. before
C. since
D. when
5. Scientists say it may be five or six years_________ it is possible to test thi s medicine on human patients.
A. since
B. after
C. before
D. when
6. The American Civil War lasted four years ________ the North won in the end.
A. after
B. before
C. when
D. then
7. That was really a splendid evening. It’s years ______ I enjoyed myself so much.
A. when
B. that
C. before
D. since
8. It was some time ___________we realized the truth.
A. when
B. until
C. since
D. before
9 .He was told that it would be at least three more months he could recove r and return to work.
A. when
B. before
C. since
D. that
10. —Where’s that report?
—I brought it to you ____you were in Mr. Black’s office yesterday.
A. if
B. when
C. because
D. before
Keys:
一、选词填空
1. (1) Before long (2) before long (3) long before (4) long before (5) long be fore
2. (1) when (2) since (3) before
二、翻译下列句子
1. She had stormed out of the room before I could say a word
2. It will be five years before his uncle comes back.
3. It was not long before the enemy was driven out of their country.
4. It won’t be long be fore they understand each other.
5. They are thinking of buying the house before the prices go up.
6. I had not waited long before she came.
7. It will be a long time before we finish the task.
8. It wasn’t long before he learned to use the computer.
9. It was some time before he told me about this affair.
10. It won’t be long before we meet again.
11. The fire lasted about four hours before the firefighters could control it
12. It won’t be long before you feel sorry for what you have done.
13. He had hardly begun to speak before the others interrupted him.
或Had he begun to speak before the others interrupted him.
14. It was not long before he got to know it.
三、单句改错
1. since改为before或was改为is
2. when改为that或去掉at
3. when改为before
4. long before改为before long
5. will graduate改为graduates.
6. before long改为long before
四、单项选择
1～5 ABBBC 6～10 BDDBB
before 的用法
27 The most destructive natural disaster, tsunami, came unexpectedly_________ they will always live in peace and comfort.
A after
B while
C where
D when
before 的用法:
(1)(时间) 在……之前, (位置) 在……的前面
(2)……才……, (强调before引导的从句动作发生的很晚很迟),
例如:
He nearly knocked me down before he saw me.
(3)还未来得及/不等……就……(强调主句动作发生在before
引导的从句动作之前), 例如:
He went out before I had a chance to tell him the good news. (4)不久……就,例如:
It won’t be long before you get well again.
(5)宁愿……也不……, 例如:
He will die of hunger before he will steal.
考例:
(NMET 2000) Some one called me up in the middle of the night,
but they hung up_____ I could answer the phone.
A as
B since
C until
D before
(03 北京) He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation______ it got worse.
A until
B when
C before
D as
(04 天津) It was evening_______ we reached the litter town of Winchester.
A that
B until
C since
D before
(04 福建) Scientists say it may be five or six years____ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.
A since
B after
C before
D when
(05 广东) The American Civil War lasted four years____ the North won in the end.
A after
B before
C when
D then
(03 江苏调研)----Why didn’t you help the little boy?
-----Oh, sorry. He had struggled to his feet____ I ran over.
A until
B after
C before
D since
(05 辽宁联考)He had to be called two or three times_____ he would come to his dinner.
A before
B when
C until
D as
(苏锡常镇一) She was such a proud person that she would
die_____ she would admit she was wrong.
A rather than
B until
C after
D before
It has been announced that it won’t be long______ our country______ an unmanned spaceship to explore the moon.
A before; sends up
B until; sends up
C since; sends up
D before; will send up
一、before与ago的区别 1.ago表示“从现在起的若干时间以前”，意思是“距今……以前”，需和过去时或过去进行时连用。before泛指“从过去起的若干时间以前”，意思是“距过去某时……以前”“与其……（毋宁）”，常和完成时连用，尤其在间接引语中，如：I visited him three days ago, but he had gone to Shanghai a week before．我三天前去访问他，但他已与那时的一周前到上海去了。 His parents died ten years ago．他父母十年前都去世了。 He said that his parents had died ten years before．他说他父母亲十年前都去世了。 I have never been there before．我以前从来没有去过那里。 2.如果不具体表明多少时间以前，只用before不用ago，意为“从前、以前”。before仍以副词的形式置于被修饰语后，常与完成时候过去时连用。如： Have you seen this film before? He asked me whether I had been to the Great Wall before． 3.表示在某一点时间或事件以前时，只用before不用ago，这种用法是将before当作介词或连词使用。ago不具有这一功能。如： They will come back before six o’clock． It is hoped that this will be finished before the year 1995．希望这件工作将在1995年以前完成。 另外，before在句中的含义较多。不少句子中，before虽然引导的也是一个时间状语，但是译成汉语时却不必译为“在……以前”。 a.如果before引导的从句动作发生得晚或慢，可译成“……才”。这是主句主语或是名词、代词，或用it作形式主语． He had almost knocked me down before he saw me．他几乎把我撞倒才看见我。 It will be hours before he arrives．要过几个钟头他才回到达。 You must sow before you can reap．有播种才能有收成。 b.如果强调从句动作发生之前，主句动作已发生，可译成“未……就”或“还没有……就”。
after用法小议 通常用于过去时、现在时（主将从现）或完成时态的句子中。 1. 1. 用作介词，与一段时间连用表示“在…之后”时，注意它与 in的区别：after表示以过去时间为起点的一段时间以后，且通常与过去时态连用；而in则表示以现在为起点的一段时间以后：He came back after two days. 他两天后就回来了。He will come back in two days. 他过两天就回来。但 after 若是与一点时间连用，则可与过去时态也可与将来时态连用：He came back after 4 o’clock. 他是四点钟以后回来的。 He will come back after next month. 他将在下个月以后回来。 eg. 2. I played computer games after I had finished my homework. 做完功课后，我玩电脑游戏。(从句的动作发生在主句的动作前，因此，主句用一般过去式，从句用过去完成时．) Before和after引导的时间状语从句中，由于before和after 本身的词义已经能够表明动作发生的先后，所以主句可以用一般时代替完成时，也可以用完成时。 I knew/had known her long before you knew her.我认识她早在你认识他之前。 After you finish/have finished all your homework,you can watch TV this evening.你完成所有的作业后，今晚可以看电视。
2. 用作连词引导时间状语从句时注意：若主句用将来时态 (或含有将来意味)，则时间状语从句要用一般现在时态 (表将来意义)表将来意义，而不能直接使用将来时态：他回来后我就走。正：I’ll leave after he comes back. 误：I’ll leave after he will come back. 3. 用作副词，表示“后来”、“ (一段时间)以后”，通常放在表示时间的副词之后：soon after 不久以后 two days after两天后 The plane was hijacked soon after it took off. Two days later he was gone. 4. 用于习语after all 终究，毕竟：I was right after all. 毕竟我是对的。After all, he’s only six years old. 毕竟，他才六岁。 before用法小结 请先看2005年广东省的一道高考题： The American Civil War lasted four years _______ the North won in the end. A. after B. before C. when D. then
一般将来时用法及专项练习 一、一般将来时的动词形式 一般将来时表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。一般将来时由助动词shall或will加动词原形构成，shall用于第一人称，will用于第二、三人称。但是现在第一人称一般也用will，其区别并不明显。（或“be going to + 动词原形）常与tomorrow, next… , in （the）future，soon, in five days，in two weeks等连用。 如: I shall not come if it rains tomorrow.如明天下雨我就不来。 My father will leave for China next week.我的爸爸下星期要到中国去。 “I’ll, You’ll, He’ll , She’ll , It’ll, We’ll , They’ll …”是简缩形式。二．一般将来时的句型 1.肯定句：主语+shall /will+动词+其他成份 The workers will build a new school here next year.工人们明年将在这儿盖一所新学校。 They will go shopping this afternoon. 今天下午他们将要去购物。 We shall have a delicious dinner tonight. 今晚我们将美餐一顿。 We shall be there before dark. 我们天黑前会到达那里。 2.否定句：主语+shall /will not+动词+其他成份 She won’t come back this week.这一周她不回来了。 I will not go shopping one hour later. 一小时之后我不会去购物。 He won’t play football with you before he finishes his work.他干完活后才能跟你踢足球。 3.疑问句：shall /will+主语+动词+其他成份 Will you be back in ten minutes? 十分钟后你会回来吗？ Will you please open the window? 请你打开窗户好吗？ Shall we get something hot to drink? 我们喝一些热饮怎么样？ 4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+shall /will+主语+动词+其他成份 Where will you go next week? 下星期你去哪? What shall I do? 我怎么办呢? How many books will they get? 他们将有多少本书？三．will, be going to …, be to…, be about to…的区别 1.be going to +不定式，表示将来。表示打算、准备做的事或即将发生或肯 定要发生的事。be going to和will相比，be going to通常表示主观，will 通常表示客观。 What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天你要做什么？ Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看看这些黑云，将有 一场暴风雨。 It’s going to be a fine day tomorrow.明天将会是个好天。 It is going to rain. 要下雨了。 2.“be to+动词原形”表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见。这种结构表示 计划中约定的或按职责、义务要求必须去做的事或即将发生的动作。 We are to have a meeting next Saturday. 下个周日我们有个会。 The boy is to go to school tomorrow. 这个男孩明天要去上学。 Are we to go on with this work? 我们继续干吗？ The president is to visit China next week.总统下周来访中国。 3.“be about to+动词原形”表示即将发生的动作，意为：很快，马上。后面 一般不跟时间状语。这一结构用于表示客观就要发生的事，表示马上就要 发生。一般不再与时间状语连用。 Don’t go out. We’re about to have a meeting. 别出去了,我们很快就开会 了。 I was about to start when it began to rain.我刚要出发就下起雨来了。 He is about to leave for Shenyang.他将要离开去沈阳。 We are about to leave. 我们马上就走。 The film is about to begin. 电影马上就要开始了。 四．注意事项 1. be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语 连用。 2. Let’s …的附加疑问通常使用“…, shall we ?”。 Let’s have a rest, shall we? 3. 问句是“Shall…?”，答句就用“shall ~”；问句用“Will …？”，答 句就用“will ~ ”。要前后保持一致。 Shall you go to school next week ? Yes, I shall. We’ll have an exam . Will you have an exam tomorrow? Yes, I will. / No, I won’t. 一般将来时专项练习 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be ( ) 2. Charlie ________ here next month. A. isn’t working B. doesn’t working C. isn’t going to working D. won’t work ( ) 3. He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be ( ) 4. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be ( ) 5. –________ you ________ free tomorrow? –No. I ________ free the day after tomorrow. A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be ( ) 6. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give ( ) 7. –Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? –________. （不，不要。） A. No, you won’t. B. No, you aren’t. C. No, please don’t. D. No, please. ( ) 8. –Where is the morning paper? –I ________ if for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get ( ) 9. ________ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are ( ) 10. If they come, we ________ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would have ( ) 11. He ________ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday. A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to giving ( ) 12. He ________ to us as soon as he gets there. A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote ( ) 13. He ________ in three days. A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back ( ) 14. If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll go roller-skating. A. isn’t rain B. won’t rain
The loud music makes me nervous. 嘈杂的音乐会让我觉得紧张。（Grammar Foucs) The color red makes me nervous. 红色会使我紧张。 The exciting music makes me want to dance.兴奋的音乐使我想跳舞 【2014重庆38】He lost his key．It made him in the cold to wait for his wife’s return． A. to stay B. stayed C. stays D. stay We were made to work days and nights.我们被迫日夜工作。 But that music makes me sleepy. 但是那种音乐会让我昏昏欲睡。( 1c )
The color red makes me nervous. 红色会使我紧张。 As for our next meeting, let’s make it the day after tomorrow. make faces 做鬼脸make sure 查明，弄清 make kites 制作风筝make the bed 整理床铺make sentences 造句make a noise 制作噪音make mistakes 犯错make money 赚钱 make progress 取得进步make friends with… 与……交朋友make a telephone 打电话make fun of 取笑 make one’s at home 随便，不拘束make a milk shake 制作一份奶昔make a living谋生make up 组成，编造be made up of 由……组make a plan 制定计划make one’s plan 制定某人的计划make a decision 做决定 make one’s mind 下定决心make one’s bed整理床铺make tea 沏茶
详解ago与before的语法难点 1. before还是ago? 要说： I came to Manchester two weeks ago.I came to Manchester two weeks ago. 不要说： I came to Manchester before two weeks. Use past time + ago ago用于一般过去时，例如： 10 years ago, a long time ago, a few weeks ago, a couple of days ago Use before + action / event before用于动作或事件前，例如： before you left, before we start, before lunch 2. fall 还是reduce? These two words are the opposites of rise and raise: 它们是rise和raise的反义词： something falls (e.g. the price fell) somebody reduces something (e.g. the company reduced the price) You will probably use fall to describe numbers on a graph
or chart for IELTS Writing Task 1: 在雅思短作文中，你可以用fall来描述图表里的数字。 In 2008, the number of customers fell. (verb, past) 这里的fall是动词，过去时。 There was a sharp fall in Internet usage. (noun) 这里的fall是名词。 Reduce and reduction are probably more useful for Writing Task 2: reduce和reduction在长作文中更有用： We need to reduce the amount of pollution from exhaust fumes. (verb) reduce，动词。 Recycling leads to a reduction in waste. (noun) reduction，名词。 3. because还是because of? Compare these two sentences: 比较下列两个句子： I stayed at home because the weather was bad. I stayed at home because of the bad weather. The important difference is the use of the word was in the first sentence. After because, you need a subject and a verb (e.g. the weather was). After because of, we dont use a verb,
before的详细用法 Before 在英语中是一个比较常用的虚词，它既可作介词或副词用，也可作从属连词用。在近几年的高考试题中常常出现考查其从属连词用法的题目。其用法如下： 1.表示“在…..之前就…..”。 Mary had finished her homework before her mother returned. 2.表示“过了多久后才…….. ，动作进行到什么程度才……” They walked about 30 miles to the west before they saw a village . 3.表示“来不及；尚未…..就…” He ran off before I could stop him . 4.表示“刚…就…” I had hardly sat down before the bell rang. 5.表示“不知不觉就…..；还没弄清就……” Time passed quickly and three months went by before Aqiao knew it. 6.表示“宁愿…，决不…，与其…，毋宁….”常与will 或would 连用。 I would / will die before I surrender . 7.表示“否则；以免” I will write it down before I forget it . 8.用于句型“it was+时间段+ before …” 表示“过了多久才…” It was three days before he came back. . 9.用于句型“ it was not long +时间段+ before …” 意为“不久就….” It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position . 10. 用于句型“it will be(not )+时间段+ before….”表示“要过多久/ 不久…才…” It will be half a year before you graduate from this school .
英语一般将来时用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择一般将来时 1．Peace is necessary to all. After all, it is the United States and China, as the two largest economies in the world, that ________ most from a peaceful and stable Asia-Pacific. A．are benefited B．will benefit C．will be benefited D．had benefited 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：根据语境“美国和中国将受益于一个和平稳定的亚太地区”可知该句要用一般将来时，故选B。 考点：考查时态 2．--- I’d like a mountain bike which ____ well? --- Will this one _____? A．rides; work B．rides; do C．is ridden; do D．is ridden; work 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：考查主动形式表示被动含义用法。一些不及物动词与副词连用，表示主语的特征。如wash well，write well等；用主动形式表示被动的含义。本句中的ride well指自行车好骑；第二空的do表示行。句意：—我想买一辆很好骑的山地车。—这个行吗？根据句意说明B正确。 考点：考查主动形式表示被动含义的用法。 点评：。一些不及物动词与副词连用，表示主语的特征。如wash well，write well等；用主动形式表示被动的含义。 3．It every day so far this month. I can't tell you if it tomorrow. A．rained; rains B．is raining; shall rain C．has been raining; rains D．has rained; will rain 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：本题第一空应该使用现在完成式，关键词是后面的时间状语so far(到目前为止)，so far通常都是和现在完成时连用。第二空是一个if引导的宾语从句，并非if引导的条件句，在这个宾语从句中，时间状语是tomorrow，这是一个将来时的时间状语，故该宾语从句使用将来时。句义：这个月到现在为止天天都在下雨，所以我无法告诉你明天是否还要要下雨。故D正确。 考点：考察时态 4．What you learn today ______ of practical use when you hunt for a job. A．is proved B．proves C．will be proved D．will prove
make 初中用法小结 1. 当make的意思是“做、制造、制作”时，常用的句型是： (1) make sth. (to do sth.) 意为“制造某物”。例如： She can make kites. 她会制作风筝。 (2) make sb. sth. / make sth. for sb. 意为“为某人制作某物”。例如： His mother made him a beautiful coat. / His mother made a beautiful coat for him. 他的母亲为他缝制了一件漂亮的外衣。 (3) 被动语态中常用be made of / from, be made in, be made by等短语来表示“……是由……制成的”，“……是在……制成的”和“……是被……制成的”。例如：Wine is made from grapes. 酒是由葡萄酿制成的。 These cars were made in Changchun. 这些汽车是在长春制造的。 2. 当make的意思是“使、使得”时，一般用于“make + 宾语+ 宾补”这种结构， 常用的句型是： (1) make + sb. / sth. + adj. 意为“使某人或某物处于某种状态”。例如： The news made him happy. 这个消息使他很高兴。 在此句型中，通常用it作形式宾语，而动词不定式或从句才是真正的宾语，而且要后置。例如： Computers make it easier to learn English. 电脑使英语学习更加容易。 当然，除了接形容词作宾补外，还可以接名词、动词的过去分词等作宾补。例如： They all want to make Jim their monitor. （名词）他们都想让吉姆当班长。 I spoke loudly in order to make my voice heard.（过去分词）我大声地讲话，以便让别人听到。 (2) make + sb. / sth. + 省略to的动词不定式, 意为“使某人或某物做某事”。例如： Our English teacher often makes us retell the texts. 我们的英语老师经常让我们复述课文。 当把这样的句子变为被动语态时，原句中省略的动词不定式符号to必须要还原。如把上面的句子变为被动语态，应为： We are often made to retell the texts (by our English teacher). 3. make还可以构成大量短语： make the bed make a plan make trouble make faces 做鬼脸 make friends with 与……交朋友 make cakes 做蛋糕 make noises 制造噪音 make paper 造纸 make money 赚钱 make yourself at home 请自便
ago 只作副词，必须与一段时间连用，表示以现在为起点一段时间之前。before既可以作副词也可以作连词。作副词时，可以单独使用;也可以和一段时间的词连用，表示的是已过去某个时间为起点一段时间之前。 ago 和before的区别 1、意思不同 ago 表示“从现在起若干时间以前”。 before 表示“从过去某时起若干时间以前”。 2、词性不同 ago只能作副词。 例句： She left England three days ago. 她三天前离开了英格兰。 before既可作副词又可作介词和连词。 例句： Please close the window before you leave. 离开前请关好窗户。(连词) 3、后接单词不同 ago常与动词一般过去式连用。 例句： His grandfather died two years ago. 他的外公两年前去世了。 before常与过去完成式连用。
例句： I had finished the work two days before. 两天前我就已经完成了工作。 ago的用法 1、用于一般过去时。 例句： A short while ago, my sister helped me to carry one of my old bookcases up the stairs. 片刻之前，我妹妹帮我把我的一个旧书柜抬上了楼。 2、所指的时间是从现在算起。 例句： It was stolen twenty years ago when Ted was a boy of fifteen. 那辆自行车是在20年前当泰德还是个15岁的小伙子时被偷去的。 before的用法 1、用于过去完成时 例句： A short time before, great trees had covered the countryside for miles around. 在那时不久之前，高大的树木覆盖着方圆数英里的地方。 2、它所指的时间不是从现在算起，而是从过去某一时刻算起，有时可以与previously 换用 例句： Last summer, I finally left the firm that I had joined eighteen years
最新英语一般将来时用法总结(完整)(1) 一、单项选择一般将来时 1．If Kate goes to the gym this weekend, _______. A．so do I B．so I do C．so will I D．so I will 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析:句意：如果凯特这个周末去体育馆，我也去。If引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时态表示一般将来时态，主句用一般将来时态；又因为前句说Kate去体育馆，后句说I也去体育馆，故用全部倒装。故选C。 考点：考查时态和全部倒装句。 2．--- I’d like a mountain bike which ____ well? --- Will this one _____? A．rides; work B．rides; do C．is ridden; do D．is ridden; work 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：考查主动形式表示被动含义用法。一些不及物动词与副词连用，表示主语的特征。如wash well，write well等；用主动形式表示被动的含义。本句中的ride well指自行车好骑；第二空的do表示行。句意：—我想买一辆很好骑的山地车。—这个行吗？根据句意说明B正确。 考点：考查主动形式表示被动含义的用法。 点评：。一些不及物动词与副词连用，表示主语的特征。如wash well，write well等；用主动形式表示被动的含义。 3．However hard he tries，the recorder . A．didn’t work B．won’t work C．isn’t working D．hasn’t worked 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：考查will用法。句意：无论他多么努力尝试，这个录音机就不工作了。本题中的will表示的是一种倾向性，如The door won’t open.故B正确。 考点：考查will用法 点评：情态动词will有多种不同的用法，will可以表示临时决定做某事；或者表示将来时。 4．--I have you asked John to come to the party this evening？ --Yes，I have，but he＿＿＿＿ A．doesn't B．hasn't C．hadn't D．won't 【答案】D
make 用法归纳 作者：张若红文章来源：英语辅导报 一、make用作及物动词，在主动语态中的含义主要有： 1. 做；制作；制造。如： Can you make any mooncakes? 你会做些月饼吗？ ◆make后可跟双宾语，间接宾语后移时一般用for引导。如： My uncle will make me a kite. = My uncle will make a kite for me. 叔叔将为我做一只风筝。 2. 使；使之。如： Have I made myself clear? 我讲清楚了没有? 3. 迫使；令。如： I don't like milk, but she made me drink it. 我不喜欢牛奶,可是她强迫我喝。 4. 总计；等于。如： Two and two makes four. 二加二等于四。 5. 准备；布置；整理。如： You must make the bed after you get up. 你起床后必须整理好你的床铺。 6. 构成；组成；成为。如： Daniel scored another goal, but one player does not make a team. 丹尼尔又踢进了一球，但是独木不成林。 二、make用作及物动词，意为“使；让”，在主动语态中其后要跟省略to的不定式作宾语补足语，而在被动语态中，to不能省去。如： Don't make the baby cry anymore. 不要再让那个孩子哭了。 She was made to wait for over an hour. 她被迫等了一个多钟头。 ◆英语中，类似于make这种用法的动词还有let, have, hear, see, watch, notice, feel等。如： I saw him put the key into the keyhole, turn it and open the door. 我看见他把钥匙插进锁孔，转动钥匙，然后打开了门。 She was seen to go into the classroom.
before和ago都能表示在一段时间以前，但是二者的内涵和具体用法有明显的区别： 1. before表示从过去或将来某一时间算起多少时间以前，由于与这一时间状语连用的行为先发生在过去或将来某一时刻之前，因此往往出现在过去完成时态或将来完成时态中。例如： ①I called him up last night，but his mother told me he had left for Wuhan two days before. ②She said that she had married him five years before. 2.如果不具体表明多少时间以前，before意为"从前；以前"，表示从现在开始追溯到过去一段时间，或者主句的谓语动词表示的是经常、反复发生的行为，以副词的形式置于句末，可以用在现在完成时态中。例如： ①I have never been to Beijing before. ②Have you ever seen a tiger before? ③I often go over the lessons that I have learned a few days before. 注意：before前的时间状语如果是特定的，含义不一样。试比较： He said he had arrived here a day before. (一天前) He said he had arrived here the day before. (前一天) 3. ago指的是从现在起到过去时间的某一点的一段时间。这个时间状语常与一般过去时态或过去进行时态连用。例如： ①I graduated from the college twenty years ago. ②I was asked what I was doing a month ago. 4. 表示在某一时间点或事件以前时，只能用before，不用ago。因为这种用法是将before当作介词或连词使用。ago不具有这种功能。例如： ①He will come back before eleven o'clock.
before的用法 1．表示“在……之前”。说明两个时间或两个事件之间的先后关系。 1)They had got everything ready before I arrived．在我到达之前他们已经把一切都准备好了。 2)She didn’t understand me before I explained it to her．在我向她解释之前，她不理解我的意思。 3)The train had left before I arrived at the station．在我到达车站之前火车已开走了。2．表示“……才…… ”，强调从句的谓语动词所表达的时间、距离很长或花费的力量比较大。 1)The workers worked long hours for two weeks before everything returned to normal．工人们长时间地工作了两周，一切才恢复正常。 2)The big fire lasted four hours before the firemen brought it under contro1．大火持续了四个小时，消防队员才把它控制住。 3) We waited a long time before the train arrived．我们等了很长时间火车才到。 3．表示“还未来得及……就……”，强调主句谓语动词所表达的时间、距离很短或花费的精力比较小。 1)Before I could figure out what had happened，he forced me into the car．我还不知道发生了什么，他就强行把我推进了汽车。 2)He jumped into the water before I could stop him．我还没有来得及阻止他，他就跳进了水里。 3)Her father died before she was born．她尚未出世父亲就去世了。 4．表示“趁着……”。 1)We can set off early before it gets hot．我们可以趁着天不热早点出发。 2)You’d better write the phrases down before you forget them．趁着你还没有忘记，赶紧把这些词组写下来。 3)Please put them away before they are missing．趁着他们还没有丢，把它们收好吧。5．表示“一……就”、“刚刚……就”。与hardly．scarcely连用o 1)He had hardly gone to bed before(=when)the door bell rang．他刚刚睡下，门铃就响了。 2)She had scarcely got off the train before(=when)her daughter ran towards her．她刚一下车，女儿就跑了过来。 6．表示“不知不觉多少时间已经过去了”。 1)He was so absorbed in his work that four hours had passed before he knew it．他如此专注于工作，不知不觉四个小时就过去了。 2)Time passed quickly and three months went by before he knew it．时间飞快地流逝，他没感觉到三个月已过去了。 7．表示“宁可,宁愿”，相当于rather than。 1)I’d die b efore I apologized to them．我宁死也不向他们道歉。 2)1 would be poor before I got money in this way．我宁愿穷也不愿用这种方式挣钱。8．before常用于句型 “it was +段时间+before……”“过了(多长时间)才…… ”; “it will be……before…… ”“要用(多长时间)才……”; “it wasn’t……before……”“没过(多长时间)就……”; “it won’t be……before……”“用不了(多长时间)就会……”。 1)It was long before he came to help me．过了很久他才来帮我。 2)It wasn’t long before the fire was put out．不久火就给扑灭了。
一般将来时用法小结： 一般将来时表示在将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。 一 . 一般将来时的构成： 1. 由助动词“ shall/ will ＋动词原形”构成， shall 用于第一人称， will 用于第二、第三人称， 2. 一般将来时的否定和疑问形式： 一般将来时的否定形式是 will not ，缩写为 won't; shall not ，缩写为 shan't 。 一般将来时的疑问形式是把 will/ shall 提到主语前。 如： He won’t go to the park this Sunday. 本周日他不去公园。 Will you go swimming with me? 和我一起去游泳好吗？ 二 . 一般将来时的基本用法： 1.表示“纯粹的将来”：①表示将要发生的动作或情况，常带有表示将来的时间状语，如 tomorrow, next week, in two days, from now on 等。如： It will be fine tomorrow.明天天气晴朗。②表示预料将要发生的动作或情况。如：You will feel better after having this medicine. 吃了这药，你就会感觉好些的。③表示由于习惯倾向而会经常发生的动作，本用法中的 will 要重读。如： Boys will be boys. ［谚语］男孩毕竟是男孩。 2. 表示“带有情态意义的将来”，用来表示意图，用 will 来表示。 如： I will be more careful next time. 下次我要更加小心。 I won't go shopping this afternoon, but she will. 今天下午我不想去购物，但她想去。 will 在疑问句中，用来表示有礼貌地征询对方的意见。如：Will you have some more tea? 要不要再喝点茶？What shall we do this weekend? 本周末我们要干什么？ 三 . 一般将来时的其它几种表示法： 1. 用 be going to 表示be going to 相当于一个助动词，与其后的动词原形一起构成句子的谓语，表