EnvironmentalManagementPolicy

公司管理制度英文范本1. IntroductionThis Company Management Policy sets out the guidelines and principles for the effective management of the company, ensuring its operation is in alignment with its goals and objectives. It outlines the responsibilities of management, employees, and other stakeholders and provides a framework for decision-making and operational efficiency.2. Organizational StructureThe company's organizational structure defines the roles and responsibilities of each department and individual within the organization. It establishes a clear line of communication and authority, enabling efficient decision-making and task allocation. The organizational structure is regularly reviewed to ensure it remains relevant and effective in achieving the company's objectives.3. Employee Code of ConductEmployees are expected to adhere to a code of conduct that outlines the expected behavior and ethical standards within the organization. This includes respecting colleagues, customers, and other stakeholders, maintaining confidentiality of company information, and complying with all relevant laws and regulations. Any breaches of the code of conduct will be dealt with in accordance with the company's disciplinary policy.4. Human Resources ManagementThe human resources management policy outlines the procedures and practices for recruitment, training, performance evaluation, and career development within the organization. It ensures that employees are equipped with the necessary skills and knowledge to perform their roles effectively and that their contributions are recognized and rewarded appropriately. The human resources management policy also includes guidelines for managing grievances, disputes, and disciplinary actions.5. Financial ManagementThe company's financial management policy sets out the principles for budgeting, accounting, and financial reporting within the organization. It ensures that financial resources are managed efficiently and transparently, with a focus on achieving the company's financial objectives. The financial management policy also includes guidelines for monitoring financial performance, managing cash flow, and complying with relevant financial regulations.6. Quality AssuranceThe quality assurance policy outlines the procedures and practices for ensuring the quality of products or services delivered by the company. It includes guidelines for product designand development, quality control, and customer feedback monitoring. The quality assurance policy focuses on continuous improvement and customer satisfaction, striving to meet or exceed industry standards and regulatory requirements.7. Health and SafetyThe health and safety policy sets out the company's commitment to providing a safe and healthy working environment for all employees. It includes guidelines for assessing and mitigating workplace hazards, providing training on health and safety procedures, and responding to accidents or emergencies. The health and safety policy aims to prevent workplace injuries and illnesses, promoting the well-being and productivity of employees.8. Environmental ManagementThe environmental management policy outlines the company's commitment to minimizing its environmental impact and promoting sustainability in its operations. It includes guidelines for monitoring and reducing energy consumption, waste generation, and greenhouse gas emissions. The environmental management policy also includes procedures for complying with environmental regulations and promoting eco-friendly practices within the organization.9. Information TechnologyThe information technology policy sets out the guidelines for managing the company's IT infrastructure, systems, and data. It includes procedures for ensuring the security and confidentiality of company information, preventing data breaches, and complying with data protection regulations. The information technology policy also includes guidelines for procuring and maintaining IT equipment and software, promoting efficiency and innovation within the organization.10. CommunicationThe communication policy outlines the principles for effective communication within the organization, ensuring that information is shared transparently and efficiently. It includes guidelines for internal communication channels, such as meetings, emails, and newsletters, as well as external communication with customers, suppliers, and other stakeholders. The communication policy aims to foster a culture of collaboration and openness, promoting mutual understanding and alignment towards the company's goals.11. Conflict ResolutionThe conflict resolution policy sets out the procedures for managing disputes and conflicts within the organization, ensuring that they are addressed promptly and fairly. It includes guidelines for raising and resolving grievances, mediating conflicts between employees, and escalating issues to management or HR when necessary. The conflict resolution policy aims to promote a positive work environment where differences are resolved constructively, enabling employees to focus on their work and contribute to the company's success.12. Compliance and EthicsThe compliance and ethics policy sets out the company's commitment to upholding high ethical standards and complying with all applicable laws and regulations. It includes guidelines for monitoring and enforcing compliance with legal requirements, such as anti-corruption laws, data protection regulations, and labor standards. The compliance and ethics policy also includes procedures for reporting violations or concerns, ensuring that ethical breaches are addressed promptly and appropriately.13. Training and DevelopmentThe training and development policy outlines the company's commitment to providing employees with opportunities for learning and growth. It includes guidelines for identifying training needs, developing training programs, and evaluating the effectiveness of training initiatives. The training and development policy aims to enhance employees' skills and knowledge, enabling them to perform their roles effectively and contribute to the company's success.14. Performance ManagementThe performance management policy sets out the procedures for evaluating employee performance, providing feedback, and setting performance goals. It includes guidelines for conducting performance reviews, identifying areas for improvement, and recognizing and rewarding outstanding performance. The performance management policy aims to align employee performance with the company's goals and objectives, ensuring that each individual contributes to the organization's success.15. ConclusionThis Company Management Policy provides a comprehensive framework for the effective management of the organization, setting out the guidelines and principles for decision-making, operational efficiency, and stakeholder relations. By adhering to the policies and procedures outlined in this document, the company aims to achieve its strategic objectives and foster a culture of excellence and integrity within the organization.。

关于环境的英语词汇干旱Drought全球变暖Global warming温室效应Greenhouse effect湿度Humidity微气候影响Microclimate effects海平面上升Sea level rise人工影响天气Weather modification岩石圈LITHOSPHERE固态地球Solid Earth洞穴Caves地震活动Seismic activity土壤Soils农用土地Agricultural land碱地Alkali lands污染的土地Contaminated land污染的土壤Contaminated soil沙坑Gravel pits荒地Heath lands土地承载能力Land carrying capacity土地污染Land pollution土地开垦Land reclamation土地恢复Land restoration土地使用分类Land use classification边缘土地Marginal lands沙石开采Sand extraction沉积Sedimentation土壤潜力Soil capabilities土壤保持Soil conservation土壤污染Soil contamination土壤退化Soil degradation地震监测Seismic monitoring火山Volcanoes风蚀Wind erosion陆地生态系统TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS 大气ATMOSPHERE大气组成Atmospheric composition空气质量Air quality大气化学Atmospheric chemistry大气成分Atmospheric components大气颗粒物Atmospheric particulates二氧化碳Carbon dioxide温室气体Greenhouse gasesadverse weather condition 恶劣的天气状况desertification 沙漠化sandstorm 沙尘暴air quality rating 空气质量评级visibility 能见度sand and dust weather 沙尘天气cold snap 寒潮stormy wind 暴风blizzard 大风雪snowstorm 暴风雪ice rain 冻雨thunderstorm 雷暴hail/hailstone 冰雹frosty 霜冻cold spell 春寒期dry spell 干旱期drought-relief efforts 抗旱drinking water shortage 饮用水缺乏drought region 干旱地区rain spell 雨季precipitation 降雨或降雪量fog 浓雾sleet 雨夹雪；雹；冻雨hurricane 飓风cyclone 旋风typhoon 台风whirlwind 龙卷风waterspout 海上龙卷风Indian summer 秋老虎weather modification 人工影响天气artificial precipitation/rainfall enhancement 人工增雨artificial rainfall infiltration 人工降雨El Nino phenomenon 厄尔尼诺现象La Nina phenomenon 拉尼娜现象forestation 植树造林arid and semi-arid areas 干旱和半干旱地区topsoil 表土层high temperature 高温less rainfall 少雨氧气Oxygen臭氧层Ozone layer大气过程Atmospheric processes空气－水相互作用Air-water interaction大气环流Atmospheric circulation大气降水Atmospheric precipitation碳循环Carbon cycle蒸发作用Evaporation降水增加Precipitation enhancement降雨Rainfall太阳辐射Solar radiation蒸腾作用Transpiration风Winds空气污染Air pollution酸雨Acid rain空气污染物Air pollutants氯氟碳Chlorofluorocarbons沉降的颗粒物Deposited particulate matter 飞灰Fly ash雾Fog薄烟Haze空内空气污染Indoor air pollution烟雾Smog气候问题Climatic issues农业气象学Agrometeorology气候Climate气候变化Climatic change气候带Climatic zones土壤侵蚀Soil erosion土壤改良Soil improvement土壤盐碱化Soil salination水蚀Water erosion干旱地区生态系统Arid land ecosystems干旱土地Arid lands沙漠化Desertification抗旱Drought control旱作Dry farming沙丘固定Sand dune fixation沙丘Sand dunes半干旱地区生态系统Semi-arid land ecosystems森林生态系统Forest ecosystems植树造林Afforestation针叶林Coniferous forests森林砍伐Deforestation森林保护Forest conservation森林火灾Forest fires草地火灾Grass fires绿化带Greenbelts本地森林Indigenous forests再造林Reafforestation植被恢复Revegetation亚热带生态系统Sub-tropical ecosystems温带森林Temperate forests温带林地Temperate woodlands树木Trees热带生态系统Tropical ecosystems热带森林Tropical forests热带森林生态系统Tropical forest ecosystems林地生态系统Woodland ecosystems温带生态系统和寒带生态系统Temperate ecosystems and cold zone ecosystems 南极生态系统Antarctic ecosystems南极地区Antarctic region北极生态系统Arctic ecosystems北极地区Arctic region寒带生态系统Cold zone ecosystems草地生态系统Grassland ecosystems永久冻土生态系统Permafrost ecosystems极地生态系统Polar ecosystems温带生态系统Temperate ecosystems山地生态系统Mountain ecosystems高原生态系统Highland ecosystems登山运动Mountaineering湿地生态系统Wetlands ecosystems红树沼泽Mangrove swamps水禽Waterfowl水涝地Waterlogged lands流域管理Watershed management水边开发Waterside development生物多样性和保护区Biological diversity and protected areas 适应性强的物种Adaptable species藻类Algae两栖动物Amphibians动物习性Animal behaviour动物资源Animal resources节肢动物Arthropods生物多样性Biological diversity生物资源Biological resources生物圈保护区Biosphere reserves群落生境Biotopes鸟类Birds植物园Botanical gardens基因资源保护Conservation of genetic resources生态平衡Ecological balance濒危动物物种Endangered animal species濒危植物物种Endangered plant species河口保护区Estuarine conservation areas动物区系Fauna植物区系Flora食物链Food chain捕猎Hunting无脊椎动物Invertebrates陆地哺乳动物Land mammals哺乳动物Mammals海洋保护区Marine conservation areas微生物Microorganisms移栖种Migratory species国家公园National parks国家保护区National reserves寄生生物Parasites愉猎Poaching灵长目Primates保护区Protected areas受保护的物种Protected species爬行动物Reptiles陆地生物资源Terrestrial biological resources植被Vegetation杂草Weeds野生生物Wildlife野生生物保护Wildlife conservation野生生物生境Wildlife habitats动物园Zoological gardens细菌Bacteria酶Enzymes真菌Fungi基因库Gene banks种质Germ plasm微生物资源Microbial resources原生生物Protozoa病毒Viruses酵母Yeasts生物技术问题Biotechnological issues农业生物技术Agricultural biotechnologies生物伦理学Bioethics生物安全Biosafety生物技术Biotechnologies无性繁殖Cloning与健康有关的生物技术Health-related biotechnologies诱变剂Mutagens突变微生物释放Mutated microorganisms release突变体Mutants繁殖控制Reproductive manipulationDNA重组技术Recombinant DNA technology动物的选择性繁殖Selective breeding of animals植物的选择性繁殖Selective breeding of plants生物技术的社会－经济影响Socio-economic impact of biotechnologies 致畸剂Teratogens淡水FRESHWATER淡水资源Freshwater resources谈水保护Conservation of freshwater水坝Dams冰Ice湖泊Lakes自然排水系统Natural drainage systems河流流域开发River basin development河流Rivers雪Snow地下水Subterranean water地表水Surface waters水资源保护Water resources conservation水资源开发Water resources development淡水生态系统Freshwater ecosystems集水区Catchment areas国际河流流域International river basins湖泊流域Lake basins池塘尾渣Ponds tailings河流流域River basins淡水恶化Freshwater degradation河流污染River pollution径流Run-off沉积物移动Sediment mobilization沉积物运移Sediment transport沉积盆地Sedimentary basins渗漏Seepage凤眼蓝Water hyacinth水污染Water pollution水的盐化Water salination饮用水供应Drinking water supply脱盐Desalination饮用水Drinking water饮用水处理Drinking water treatment城市配水系统Municipal water distribution systems 农村供水Rural water supply污水处理厂Sewage treatment plants水泵Water pumps水处理Water treatment水井Water wells海洋环境MARINE ENVIRONMENTS海洋生态系统Marine ecosystems藻花Algal bloom海底生态系统Benthic ecosystems海洋污染Marine pollution污染沉积物Marine sediments海洋环境Ocean circulation洋流Ocean currents海洋Oceans海洋温度Ocean temperature赤潮Red tide海平面Sea level潮,潮汐Tides沿海生态系统Coastal ecosystems群岛Archipelagoes沿海地区Coastal areas沿海开发Coastal development沿海环境Coastal environments海岸侵蚀Coastal erosion疏浚Dredging河口生态系统Estuarine ecosystems岛屿生态系统Island ecosystems小岛屿Small islands海洋生物资源Living marine resources水生哺乳动物Aquatic mammals水生微生物Aquatic microorganisms水生植物Aquatic plants珊瑚礁Coral reefs甲壳纲动物Crustaceans鱼类Fish海洋资源保护Marine resources conservation软体动物Molluscs水生贝壳类动物Shellfish环境管理ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT资源管理Resources management深海矿藏Deep sea deposits森林管理Forest management森林政府Forest policy资源的地埋分布Geographic distribution of resources 土地价值Land values矿产资源Mineral resources国家保护计划National conservation programmes自然资源Natural resources自然保护Nature conservation不可再生资源Non-renewable resources资源净损耗Net resource depletion矿床Ore deposits石油资源保护Petroleum resources conservation可再生资源Renewable resources资源估价Resource appraisal资源保护Resource conservation海底开发Sea bed exploitation海底采矿Sea bed mining本地资源的利用Utilization of local resources环境规划Environmental planning发展合作Development cooperation发展计划Development planning生态发展Ecodevelopment经济发展Economic development经济计划Economic planning环境核算Environmental accounting环境审计Environmental auditing环境健康影响评价Environmental health impact assessment 环境影响Environmental impact环境影响评价Environmental impact assessment环境影响状报告书Environmental impact statement环境指标Environmental indicators环境政策Environmental policy环境风险评估Environmental risk assessment财政资助Financial assistance土地利用规划Land use planning环境管理指标Environmental management indicators环境质量指标Environmental quality indicators试验项目Pilot projects政策规划Policy planning施压集团Pressure groups区域规划Regional planning自助计划Self-help programmes工农业选址Siting of industry社会调查Social surveys发展状况Status of development可持续发展Sustainable development可持续发展指标Sustainable development indicators技术评价Technology assessment运输计划Transport planning环境经济问题Environmental economic issues环境定价Environmental valuation环境成本Environmental costs外部Externalities重置成本Replacement costs贸易对环境的影响Trade impact on environment已定价值的生态系统组成部分Valued ecosystem components 经济管理手段Economic management instruments成本-效益分析Cost-benefit analysis发展中国家债务Developing countries debt环境股票交易Environmental stock exchange政府环境开支Government environmental expenditures绿色财政手段Green fiscal instruments环境成本内在化Internalisation of environmental costs以绿色标志促销Marketing with green labelling资源的定价政策Pricing policies of resources结构调整计划Structural adjustment programs税收差别Tax differentiation可交易的许可证Tradeable permits人类住区HUMAN SETTLEMENTS人类住区管理Human settlements management建成区Built-up areas经济规划Economic zoning用火安全要求Fire safety requirements历史遗址Historical sites住房改善Housing improvements住房需求Housing needs住房规划Housing programmes住房质量标准Housing quality standards工业区Industrial areas非高峰时间工作Off-peak working办公室Offices城区发展模式Patterns of urban growth规划的城区发展Planned urban development再建房屋Rehousing租赁房屋Rental housing居民区Residential areas建筑安全标准Safety standards for buildings 商店Shops建筑业标准Standards for building industry 城区设计Urban design建成结构Built structures桥梁Bridges建筑材料Building materials建筑物Buildings建筑技术Building technology施工技术Construction technology建筑工程Construction works农业建筑Farm buildings政府建筑Government buildings高层建筑High-rise buildings工业建筑Industrial buildings本地建筑材料Local materials for building拖车住房Mobile homes核研究中心Nuclear research centres装配式房屋Prefabricated buildings结构Structures隔热Thermal insulation基础设施Infrastructure通道Access roads水上娱乐活动Aquatic recreational amenities 汽车停放Automobile parking建成的排水系统Built drainage systems电力分配Electric power distribution公共花园Public gardens公路Highways空地Open spaces管道Pipelines运动场Playgrounds公园Public parks公用事业Public utilities道路建设Road construction道路养护Road maintenance体育设施Sports facilities电信Telecommunications运输系统Transport systems隧道Tunnels城市供水Urban water supply公共服务Public services人类住区的社会－经济方面Socio-economic aspects of human settlements 生育控制Birth control社区服务Community services社区参与Community participation通勤Commuting消费方式Consumption patterns文化指标Cultural indicators发展模式Development patterns残疾人Disabled persons毒品滥用Drug abuse生态旅游Ecotourism计划生育Family planning性别问题Gender issues无家可归Homelessness住房集资Housing finance人类迁居Human migration人口Human population人权Human rights土地分配Land allotment生活方式Lifestyles低价住房Low-cost housing流动工人Migrant workers少数民族Minorities社区改善计划Neighbourhood improvement schemes新社区New communities流浪者Nomads非高峰时间通勤Off-peak commuting公共卫生Public health种族关系Race relations娱乐Recreation农村地区Rural areas环境卫生Sanitation社会指数Social indicators社会-经济因素Socio-economic factors旅游Tourism旅行Travel贫困阶层Under-privileged people城市地区Urban areas城区改造Urban renewal城区压力Urban stress妇女地位Women status人类住区的环境方面Environmental aspects of human settlements 空调Air conditioning尸体处置Disposal of the dead区城供热District heating住房密度Housing density过度拥挤Overcrowding难民Refugees旅游设施Tourist facilities城市衰败Urban decay农业AGRICULTURE农业方式Agricultural practices农业设备Agricultural equipment农业管理Agricultural management农业方法Agricultural methods农业害虫Agricultural pests农业生产Agricultural production农业储藏Agricultural storage动物疾病Animal diseases动物营养Animal nutrition养蜂业Apiculture水产养殖Aquaculture害虫的生物控制Biological control of pests生物固氮Biological nitrogen fixation堆肥Composts等高耕作Contour farming受控燃烧Controlled burning作物保护Crop protection挽畜Draught animals鱼类养殖Fish culture渔业管理Fisheries management谷物Grains作物虫害传染Infestation of crops粮食虫害传染Infestation of food灌溉Irrigation灌溉渠Irrigation canals灌溉农业Irrigation farming天然肥料Natural fertilizers有机农业Organic farming病虫害控制Pest management杀虫剂标准控制Pesticide control standards 植物病害Plant diseases家禽饲养Poultry farming林农轮作Shifting cultivation树木苗圃Tree nurseries滴灌Trickle irrigation农工业Agro-industry畜产品Animal products饮料工业Beverage industry酿造业Brewing industry蒸馏业Distilling industry食品辐照Food irradiation食品保存Food preservation食品贮藏Food storage食品运输Food transport林产品Forest products烟草Tobacco农用化学品Agrochemicals化学肥料Chemical fertilizers杀真菌剂Fungicides除草剂Herbicides杀虫剂的代谢Metabolism of pesticides硝酸盐Nitrates亚硝酸盐Nitrites亚硝胺Nitrosamines营养物Nutrients有机磷化物Organophosphorous compounds 杀虫剂的持久性Persistence of pesticides杀虫剂路径Pesticide pathways杀虫剂Pesticides磷酸盐Phosphates杀虫剂的毒性Toxicity of pesticides杀虫剂的使用Utilization of pesticides 工业INDUSTRY工业生产过程Industrial processes制铝工业Aluminium industry适用技术Appropriate technology高炉Blast furnaces纤维素Cellulose化学工业Chemical industry清洁技术Clean technologies服装工业Clothing industry乳品业Dairy industry脱盐工厂Desalination plants干洗Dry cleaning炼铁工业Iron industry洗烫衣服Laundering皮革工业Leather industry金属加工Metal finishing。

简单的环境管理制度英文IntroductionEnvironmental management system (EMS) refers to the framework that a company or organization establishes to effectively manage its impact on the environment. An EMS helps an organization to identify, prioritize, and manage environmental risks, as well as improve its environmental performance. It encompasses a set of processes and practices designed to minimize harm to the environment and prevent pollution, while promoting sustainable practices and resource efficiency.PurposeThe purpose of an EMS is to integrate environmental considerations into the organization's day-to-day operations and decision-making processes. By implementing an EMS, the organization can achieve compliance with environmental regulations, reduce its environmental impact, and improve its overall environmental performance. It also helps to raise awareness and engage employees and stakeholders in environmental stewardship, thus contributing to a positive corporate image and social responsibility.Key Elements of an EMSAn effective EMS should include the following key elements:1. Environmental PolicyThe organization should establish a clear and concise environmental policy that reflects its commitment to environmental protection and sustainability. The policy should be communicated to all employees and stakeholders and should be regularly reviewed and updated to reflect changing environmental objectives and circumstances.2. PlanningThe organization should conduct a thorough assessment of its environmental impact and risks and define its environmental objectives and targets. Based on this assessment, the organization should develop a comprehensive plan that outlines the actions and measures necessary to achieve its environmental goals.3. ImplementationOnce the plan is developed, the organization should implement the necessary actions and measures to achieve its environmental objectives. This may include changes in processes, technology, and behavior, as well as training and awareness programs for employees.4. EvaluationThe organization should regularly monitor and measure its environmental performance to determine whether it is meeting its objectives and targets. This may involve collecting data,conducting audits, and reviewing the effectiveness of its environmental management practices.5. ImprovementBased on the evaluation results, the organization should identify opportunities for improvement and take corrective actions to address any deficiencies in its environmental management practices. Continuous improvement is a fundamental aspect of an EMS, as it ensures that the organization's environmental performance evolves over time.Environmental Management System StandardMany organizations choose to adhere to internationally recognized standards for environmental management, such as ISO 14001. These standards provide a framework for developing and implementing an EMS and are based on best practices and continuous improvement principles. By adhering to an EMS standard, an organization can demonstrate its commitment to environmental performance and compliance, as well as gain recognition and credibility in the marketplace.Roles and ResponsibilitiesThe success of an EMS relies on the active participation and commitment of all employees, as well as strong leadership and support from senior management. Employees at all levels should be aware of their roles and responsibilities in implementing the EMS and should be empowered to contribute to environmental objectives and targets. Senior management should provide the necessary resources and support to ensure the effective implementation and continuous improvement of the EMS.Training and AwarenessEffective communication, training, and awareness programs are essential for engaging employees and stakeholders in the organization's environmental objectives and targets. By raising awareness about environmental issues and the organization's EMS, the organization can foster a culture of environmental stewardship and promote the adoption of sustainable practices at all levels.Compliance and ReportingAn EMS should facilitate and ensure compliance with environmental regulations and requirements. The organization should establish processes for monitoring, reporting, and documenting its environmental performance, as well as for addressing any non-compliance issues or environmental incidents.Benefits of an EMSImplementing an EMS offers numerous benefits to an organization, including:- Reduced environmental impact and pollution- Compliance with environmental regulations- Improved resource efficiency and cost savings- Enhanced corporate reputation and stakeholder relationships- Increased employee engagement and satisfaction- Opportunities for innovation and improved competitivenessConclusionAn effective EMS is an essential tool for organizations seeking to minimize their environmental impact, meet regulatory requirements, and promote sustainable practices. By establishing an EMS and adhering to best practices, an organization can achieve significant environmental and operational benefits, as well as enhance its corporate image and social responsibility. Continuous improvement and stakeholder engagement are key components of a successful EMS, as they can drive positive environmental performance and contribute to a sustainable future.。

4.2环境方针
4.3规划(筹划)
环境因素
法律与其它要求
目标、指标与管理方案
4.4实施与运作
资源、角色、职责与权限
能力、培训与意识
信息沟通
文件
文件控制
运行控制
应急准备与响应
4.5检查
守法评价
不符合，纠正措施和预防措施
记录控制
内部审核
4.6管理评审
附录A(提示的附录)本标准使用指南
附录B(提示的附录) ISO 14001:2004与
的修订。
记录控制
组织应建立并保持所必需的记录，以证
明其符合环境管理体系及本国际标准的要
求，并记录完成情况。
组织应建立、实施和保持一套程序，以
规定记录的标识、贮存、保护、检索、保存
期限和处置所需的控制。
记录应保持清晰、易于识别和可追溯性。
内部审核
组织应确保按筹划的时问问隔对环境管
理体系进行内部审核，从而
ISO 14001:2004
ISO 14001:2004
环境管理体系—要求及使用指南
Environmental management systems-
Requirements with guidance for use
前言
引言
1范围
4环境管理体系要求
4.1总要求
4.5 Checking
4.6 Management review
Annex A (informative) Guidance on the use of thisInternational Standard
Annex B(Informative) Correspondence between ISO

关于环境的英语词汇干旱Drought全球变暖Global warming温室效应Greenhouse effect湿度Humidity微气候影响Microclimate effects海平面上升Sea level rise人工影响天气Weather modification岩石圈LITHOSPHERE固态地球Solid Earth洞穴Caves地震活动Seismic activity土壤Soils农用土地Agricultural land碱地Alkali lands污染的土地Contaminated land污染的土壤Contaminated soil沙坑Gravel pits荒地Heath lands土地承载能力Land carrying capacity土地污染Land pollution土地开垦Land reclamation土地恢复Land restoration土地使用分类Land use classification边缘土地Marginal lands沙石开采Sand extraction沉积Sedimentation土壤潜力Soil capabilities土壤保持Soil conservation土壤污染Soil contamination土壤退化Soil degradation地震监测Seismic monitoring火山Volcanoes风蚀Wind erosion陆地生态系统TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS大气ATMOSPHERE大气组成Atmospheric composition 空气质量Air quality大气化学Atmospheric chemistry大气成分Atmospheric components大气颗粒物Atmospheric particulates二氧化碳Carbon dioxide温室气体Greenhouse gasesadverse weather condition 恶劣的天气状况desertification 沙漠化sandstorm 沙尘暴air quality rating 空气质量评级visibility 能见度sand and dust weather 沙尘天气cold snap 寒潮stormy wind 暴风blizzard 大风雪snowstorm 暴风雪ice rain 冻雨thunderstorm 雷暴hail/hailstone 冰雹frosty 霜冻cold spell 春寒期dry spell 干旱期drought-relief efforts 抗旱drinking water shortage 饮用水缺乏drought region 干旱地区rain spell 雨季precipitation 降雨或降雪量fog 浓雾sleet 雨夹雪；雹；冻雨hurricane 飓风cyclone 旋风typhoon 台风whirlwind 龙卷风waterspout 海上龙卷风Indian summer 秋老虎weather modification 人工影响天气artificial precipitation/rainfallenhancement 人工增雨artificial rainfall infiltration 人工降雨El Nino phenomenon 厄尔尼诺现象La Nina phenomenon 拉尼娜现象forestation 植树造林arid and semi-arid areas 干旱和半干旱地区topsoil 表土层high temperature 高温less rainfall 少雨氧气Oxygen臭氧层Ozone layer大气过程Atmospheric processes空气－水相互作用Air-water interaction大气环流Atmospheric circulation大气降水Atmospheric precipitation碳循环Carbon cycle蒸发作用Evaporation降水增加Precipitation enhancement降雨Rainfall太阳辐射Solar radiation蒸腾作用Transpiration风Winds空气污染Air pollution酸雨Acid rain空气污染物Air pollutants氯氟碳Chlorofluorocarbons沉降的颗粒物Deposited particulatematter飞灰Fly ash雾Fog薄烟Haze空内空气污染Indoor air pollution烟雾Smog气候问题Climatic issues农业气象学Agrometeorology气候Climate气候变化Climatic change气候带Climatic zones土壤侵蚀Soil erosion土壤改良Soil improvement土壤盐碱化Soil salination水蚀Water erosion干旱地区生态系统Arid land ecosystems干旱土地Arid lands沙漠化Desertification抗旱Drought control旱作Dry farming沙丘固定Sand dune fixation沙丘Sand dunes半干旱地区生态系统Semi-arid land ecosystems森林生态系统Forest ecosystems植树造林Afforestation针叶林Coniferous forests森林砍伐Deforestation森林保护Forest conservation森林火灾Forest fires草地火灾Grass fires绿化带Greenbelts本地森林Indigenous forests再造林Reafforestation植被恢复Revegetation亚热带生态系统Sub-tropical ecosystems温带森林Temperate forests温带林地Temperate woodlands树木Trees热带生态系统Tropical ecosystems热带森林Tropical forests热带森林生态系统Tropical forest ecosystems林地生态系统Woodland ecosystems 温带生态系统和寒带生态系统Temperate ecosystems and cold zoneecosystems南极生态系统Antarctic ecosystems南极地区Antarctic region北极生态系统Arctic ecosystems北极地区Arctic region寒带生态系统Cold zone ecosystems草地生态系统Grassland ecosystems永久冻土生态系统Permafrostecosystems极地生态系统Polar ecosystems温带生态系统Temperate ecosystems山地生态系统Mountain ecosystems高原生态系统Highland ecosystems登山运动Mountaineering湿地生态系统Wetlands ecosystems红树沼泽Mangrove swamps水禽Waterfowl水涝地Waterlogged lands流域管理Watershed management水边开发Waterside development生物多样性和保护区Biological diversityand protected areas适应性强的物种Adaptable species藻类Algae两栖动物Amphibians动物习性Animal behaviour动物资源Animal resources节肢动物Arthropods生物多样性Biological diversity生物资源Biological resources生物圈保护区Biosphere reserves群落生境Biotopes鸟类Birds植物园Botanical gardens基因资源保护Conservation of geneticresources生态平衡Ecological balance濒危动物物种Endangered animalspecies濒危植物物种Endangered plantspecies河口保护区Estuarine conservationareas动物区系Fauna植物区系Flora食物链Food chain捕猎Hunting无脊椎动物Invertebrates陆地哺乳动物Land mammals哺乳动物Mammals海洋保护区Marine conservation areas微生物Microorganisms移栖种Migratory species国家公园National parks国家保护区National reserves寄生生物Parasites愉猎Poaching灵长目Primates保护区Protected areas受保护的物种Protected species爬行动物Reptiles陆地生物资源Terrestrial biologicalresources植被Vegetation杂草Weeds野生生物Wildlife野生生物保护Wildlife conservation野生生物生境Wildlife habitats动物园Zoological gardens细菌Bacteria酶Enzymes真菌Fungi基因库Gene banks种质Germ plasm微生物资源Microbial resources原生生物Protozoa病毒Viruses酵母Yeasts生物技术问题Biotechnological issues 农业生物技术Agricultural biotechnologies生物伦理学Bioethics生物安全Biosafety生物技术Biotechnologies无性繁殖Cloning与健康有关的生物技术Health-related biotechnologies诱变剂Mutagens突变微生物释放Mutated microorganisms release突变体Mutants繁殖控制Reproductive manipulation DNA重组技术Recombinant DNA technology动物的选择性繁殖Selective breeding of animals植物的选择性繁殖Selective breeding of plants生物技术的社会－经济影响Socio-economic impact of biotechnologies致畸剂Teratogens淡水FRESHWATER淡水资源Freshwater resources谈水保护Conservation of freshwater水坝Dams冰Ice湖泊Lakes自然排水系统Natural drainage systems河流流域开发River basin development 河流Rivers 雪Snow地下水Subterranean water地表水Surface waters水资源保护Water resourcesconservation水资源开发Water resourcesdevelopment淡水生态系统Freshwater ecosystems集水区Catchment areas国际河流流域International river basins湖泊流域Lake basins池塘尾渣Ponds tailings河流流域River basins淡水恶化Freshwater degradation河流污染River pollution径流Run-off沉积物移动Sediment mobilization沉积物运移Sediment transport沉积盆地Sedimentary basins渗漏Seepage凤眼蓝Water hyacinth水污染Water pollution水的盐化Water salination饮用水供应Drinking water supply脱盐Desalination饮用水Drinking water饮用水处理Drinking water treatment城市配水系统Municipal waterdistribution systems农村供水Rural water supply污水处理厂Sewage treatment plants水泵Water pumps水处理Water treatment水井Water wells海洋环境MARINE ENVIRONMENTS海洋生态系统Marine ecosystems藻花Algal bloom海底生态系统Benthic ecosystems海洋污染Marine pollution污染沉积物Marine sediments海洋环境Ocean circulation洋流Ocean currents海洋Oceans海洋温度Ocean temperature赤潮Red tide海平面Sea level潮,潮汐Tides沿海生态系统Coastal ecosystems群岛Archipelagoes沿海地区Coastal areas沿海开发Coastal development沿海环境Coastal environments海岸侵蚀Coastal erosion疏浚Dredging河口生态系统Estuarine ecosystems岛屿生态系统Island ecosystems小岛屿Small islands海洋生物资源Living marine resources水生哺乳动物Aquatic mammals水生微生物Aquatic microorganisms水生植物Aquatic plants珊瑚礁Coral reefs甲壳纲动物Crustaceans鱼类Fish海洋资源保护Marine resourcesconservation软体动物Molluscs水生贝壳类动物Shellfish环境管理ENVIRONMENTALMANAGEMENT资源管理Resources management深海矿藏Deep sea deposits森林管理Forest management森林政府Forest policy资源的地埋分布Geographicdistribution of resources土地价值Land values矿产资源Mineral resources国家保护计划National conservation programmes自然资源Natural resources自然保护Nature conservation不可再生资源Non-renewable resources资源净损耗Net resource depletion矿床Ore deposits石油资源保护Petroleum resources conservation可再生资源Renewable resources资源估价Resource appraisal资源保护Resource conservation海底开发Sea bed exploitation海底采矿Sea bed mining本地资源的利用Utilization of local resources环境规划Environmental planning发展合作Development cooperation发展计划Development planning生态发展Ecodevelopment经济发展Economic development经济计划Economic planning环境核算Environmental accounting环境审计Environmental auditing环境健康影响评价Environmental health impact assessment环境影响Environmental impact环境影响评价Environmental impact assessment环境影响状报告书Environmental impact statement环境指标Environmental indicators环境政策Environmental policy环境风险评估Environmental risk assessment 财政资助Financial assistance土地利用规划Land use planning环境管理指标Environmentalmanagement indicators环境质量指标Environmental qualityindicators试验项目Pilot projects政策规划Policy planning施压集团Pressure groups区域规划Regional planning自助计划Self-help programmes工农业选址Siting of industry社会调查Social surveys发展状况Status of development可持续发展Sustainable development可持续发展指标Sustainabledevelopment indicators技术评价Technology assessment运输计划Transport planning环境经济问题Environmental economicissues环境定价Environmental valuation环境成本Environmental costs外部Externalities重置成本Replacement costs贸易对环境的影响Trade impact onenvironment已定价值的生态系统组成部分Valuedecosystem components经济管理手段Economic managementinstruments成本-效益分析Cost-benefit analysis发展中国家债务Developing countriesdebt环境股票交易Environmental stockexchange政府环境开支Governmentenvironmental expenditures绿色财政手段Green fiscal instruments环境成本内在化Internalisation ofenvironmental costs以绿色标志促销Marketing with greenlabelling资源的定价政策Pricing policies ofresources结构调整计划Structural adjustmentprograms税收差别Tax differentiation可交易的许可证Tradeable permits人类住区HUMAN SETTLEMENTS人类住区管理Human settlementsmanagement建成区Built-up areas经济规划Economic zoning用火安全要求Fire safety requirements历史遗址Historical sites住房改善Housing improvements住房需求Housing needs住房规划Housing programmes住房质量标准Housing qualitystandards工业区Industrial areas非高峰时间工作Off-peak working办公室Offices城区发展模式Patterns of urban growth规划的城区发展Planned urbandevelopment再建房屋Rehousing租赁房屋Rental housing居民区Residential areas建筑安全标准Safety standards forbuildings商店Shops建筑业标准Standards for buildingindustry城区设计Urban design建成结构Built structures桥梁Bridges建筑材料Building materials建筑物Buildings建筑技术Building technology施工技术Construction technology建筑工程Construction works农业建筑Farm buildings政府建筑Government buildings高层建筑High-rise buildings工业建筑Industrial buildings本地建筑材料Local materials for building拖车住房Mobile homes核研究中心Nuclear research centres 装配式房屋Prefabricated buildings结构Structures隔热Thermal insulation基础设施Infrastructure通道Access roads水上娱乐活动Aquatic recreational amenities汽车停放Automobile parking建成的排水系统Built drainage systems 电力分配Electric power distribution公共花园Public gardens公路Highways空地Open spaces管道Pipelines运动场Playgrounds公园Public parks公用事业Public utilities道路建设Road construction道路养护Road maintenance体育设施Sports facilities电信Telecommunications运输系统Transport systems隧道Tunnels 城市供水Urban water supply公共服务Public services人类住区的社会－经济方面Socio-economic aspects of humansettlements生育控制Birth control社区服务Community services社区参与Community participation通勤Commuting消费方式Consumption patterns文化指标Cultural indicators发展模式Development patterns残疾人Disabled persons毒品滥用Drug abuse生态旅游Ecotourism计划生育Family planning性别问题Gender issues无家可归Homelessness住房集资Housing finance人类迁居Human migration人口Human population人权Human rights土地分配Land allotment生活方式Lifestyles低价住房Low-cost housing流动工人Migrant workers少数民族Minorities社区改善计划Neighbourhoodimprovement schemes新社区New communities流浪者Nomads非高峰时间通勤Off-peak commuting公共卫生Public health种族关系Race relations娱乐Recreation农村地区Rural areas环境卫生Sanitation社会指数Social indicators社会-经济因素Socio-economic factors旅游Tourism旅行Travel贫困阶层Under-privileged people城市地区Urban areas城区改造Urban renewal城区压力Urban stress妇女地位Women status人类住区的环境方面Environmentalaspects of human settlements空调Air conditioning尸体处置Disposal of the dead区城供热District heating住房密度Housing density过度拥挤Overcrowding难民Refugees旅游设施Tourist facilities城市衰败Urban decay农业AGRICULTURE农业方式Agricultural practices农业设备Agricultural equipment农业管理Agricultural management农业方法Agricultural methods农业害虫Agricultural pests农业生产Agricultural production农业储藏Agricultural storage动物疾病Animal diseases动物营养Animal nutrition养蜂业Apiculture水产养殖Aquaculture害虫的生物控制Biological control ofpests生物固氮Biological nitrogen fixation堆肥Composts等高耕作Contour farming受控燃烧Controlled burning作物保护Crop protection挽畜Draught animals鱼类养殖Fish culture渔业管理Fisheries management谷物Grains作物虫害传染Infestation of crops粮食虫害传染Infestation of food灌溉Irrigation灌溉渠Irrigation canals灌溉农业Irrigation farming天然肥料Natural fertilizers有机农业Organic farming病虫害控制Pest management杀虫剂标准控制Pesticide control standards植物病害Plant diseases家禽饲养Poultry farming林农轮作Shifting cultivation树木苗圃Tree nurseries滴灌Trickle irrigation农工业Agro-industry畜产品Animal products饮料工业Beverage industry酿造业Brewing industry蒸馏业Distilling industry食品辐照Food irradiation食品保存Food preservation食品贮藏Food storage食品运输Food transport林产品Forest products烟草Tobacco农用化学品Agrochemicals化学肥料Chemical fertilizers杀真菌剂Fungicides除草剂Herbicides杀虫剂的代谢Metabolism of pesticides 硝酸盐Nitrates亚硝酸盐Nitrites亚硝胺Nitrosamines营养物Nutrients 有机磷化物Organophosphorous compounds杀虫剂的持久性Persistence of pesticides杀虫剂路径Pesticide pathways杀虫剂Pesticides磷酸盐Phosphates杀虫剂的毒性Toxicity of pesticides杀虫剂的使用Utilization of pesticides 工业INDUSTRY工业生产过程Industrial processes制铝工业Aluminium industry适用技术Appropriate technology高炉Blast furnaces纤维素Cellulose化学工业Chemical industry清洁技术Clean technologies服装工业Clothing industry乳品业Dairy industry脱盐工厂Desalination plants干洗Dry cleaning炼铁工业Iron industry洗烫衣服Laundering皮革工业Leather industry金属加工Metal finishing。

4Context of the organization4.1Understanding the organization and its contextThe organization shall determine external and internal issues that are relevant to its purpose and that affect its ability to achieve the intended outcome(s) of its environmental management system. Those issues include environmental conditions capable of affecting or being affected by the organization.4.2 Understanding the needs and expectations of interested parties The organization shall determine:‐the interested parties that are relevant to the environmental management system;‐the relevant needs and expectations (i.e. requirements) of these interested parties;‐which of these needs and expectations become compliance obligations.4.3Determining the scope of the environmental management systemThe organization shall determine the boundaries and applicability of the environmental management system to establish its scope.When determining this scope, the organization shall consider:‐the external and internal issues referred to in 4.1;‐the compliance obligation referred to in 4.2;‐its organizational unit(s), function(s), and physical boundaries;‐its activities, products and services;‐its authority and ability to exercise control and influence.Once the scope is defined, activities, products and services that can have significant environmental aspects (see 6.1.2) shall be included within the scope of the environmental management system.The scope shall be maintained as documented information and be available to interested parties.4.4 Environmental management systemThe organization shall establish, implement, maintain and continually improve an environmental management system, including the processes needed and their interactions, in accordance with the requirements of this International Standard, to ensure its environmental performance.The organization shall consider the knowledge of its context when establishing and maintaining the environmental management system. 4 组织环境4.1 理解组织及其环境组织应确定外部和内部那些与组织的宗旨、影响环境管理体系实现预期结果的能力的事项。

ISO 14001：2015中文版ISO FDIS :2015是环境管理体系的要求和使用指南。

它与FDIS :2015还包括一些术语的定义，如生命周期、风险、相关方、绩效和合规性责任。

生命周期是指从获取原材料或利用自然资源加工到废弃处理的连续相互关联的产品系统。

生命周期包括活动、产品和服务，可以包括采购的产品和服务，也可以包括产品废弃处理和运输服务，如设计、制造、运输、包装、最终使用和处置。

风险是指不确定性对目标的影响。

影响可以是对预期的偏离，积极或消极。

不确定性是指对事件、其后果或可能性的认识或了解方面的信息的缺乏或不完整的状态。

风险通常以潜在事件和后果，或他们的组合来描述。

风险通常以事件的后果（包括环境的变化）和发生可能。

相关方是指能影响某项决定或活动或被其影响的，或感知到自身将受其影响的个人或组织。

相关方可能包括关注或受组织环境绩效影响的个人或团体。

感知自身受影响指来自与已知组织。

相关方可能包括客户、团体、供应商、监管者、非政府组织、投资商、员工。

绩效是指可测量的结果。

绩效可以是定量的，也可以是定性的。

绩效可以涉及活动、过程、产品（包括服务）、体系或组织的管理。

合规性责任是组织必须或选择遵守的要求。

组织应制定并维护一份环境方针，以表明其对环境绩效的承诺。

环境方针应该与组织的宗旨和意图相一致，并应为相关方所了解和理解。

环境方针应该包括：遵守适用的法规和其他要求；实现持续改进的环境绩效；预防污染和减少环境影响；使用资源的可持续性；鼓励员工参与环境管理体系的实施和持续改进。

环境方针应该被明确地传达给所有员工，并应该被定期审查以确保其继续有效和适用。

6规划6.1行动计划组织应该制定和维护一份行动计划，以实现其环境管理体系目标和目标。

行动计划应该包括：确定环境管理体系目标和目标；确定实现这些目标和目标所需的行动；指定责任人和时间表；确定所需资源。

行动计划应该被定期审查和更新以确保其继续有效和适用。

6.2法规和其他要求组织应该确定并持续监测适用的法规和其他要求，并确保其环境管理体系符合这些要求。

规章制度的英语单词以下是规章制度的英语单词：1. Bylaws2. Regulations3. Policies4. Rules5. Procedures6. Protocol7. Code of Conduct8. Guidelines9. Charter10. Statutes11. Constitution12. Directives13. Standards14. Standing Orders15. Administrative Orders16. Edicts17. Proclamations18. Mandates19. Pronouncements20. Resolutions21. Orders22. Decrees23. Rulings24. Minute25. Legislation26. Code27. Acts28. Statutory Law29. Bylaws and Regulations30. Corporate Governance31. Board of Directors' Governance Policy32. Compliance Plan33. Handbook34. Employee Handbook35. Job Description36. Employee Policy Manual37. Employee Benefits Plan38. Employee Code of Conduct39. Employee Assistance Program40. Drug-Free Workplace Policy41. Confidentiality Agreement42. Business Ethics Code43. Competitive Bidding Policy44. Procurement Policy45. Purchasing Policy46. Vendor Code of Conduct47. Conflict of Interest Policy48. Whistleblower Policy49. Anti-Harassment Policy50. Anti-Bullying Policy51. Anti-Discrimination Policy52. Equal Employment Opportunity Policy53. Diversity and Inclusion Policy54. Social Media Policy55. Information Technology Policy56. Internet and Email Policy57. Electronic Communications Policy58. Information Security Policy59. Data Protection Policy60. Privacy Policy61. Records Retention Policy62. Environmental Policy63. Health and Safety Policy64. Emergency and Disaster Response Plan65. Risk Management Policy66. Insurance Policy67. Intellectual Property Policy68. Copyright Policy69. Trademark Policy70. Patent Policy71. Trade Secret Policy72. Open Door Policy73. Grievance Policy74. Disciplinary Action Policy75. Termination Policy76. Layoff Policy77. Reduction in Force Policy78. Severance Policy79. Vacation and Time Off Policy80. Sick Leave Policy81. Family and Medical Leave Policy82. Bereavement Policy83. Jury Duty Policy84. Military Leave Policy85. Parental Leave Policy86. Retirement Policy87. Employee Assistance Policy88. Substance Abuse Policy89. Smoking Policy91. Travel and Expense Policy92. Gift Policy93. Acceptance of Gifts Policy94. Ethics Policy95. Professional Conduct Policy96. Social Responsibility Policy97. Community Relations Policy98. Political Contributions Policy99. Lobbying Policy100. Charitable Contributions Policy 101. Sponsorship Policy102. Advertising Policy103. Sales and Marketing Policy 104. Quality Policy105. Customer Service Policy106. Product Safety Policy107. Environmental Sustainability Policy 108. Energy Conservation Policy 109. Recycling Policy110. Transportation Policy111. Diversity Policy112. Inclusion Policy113. Accessibility Policy114. Affirmative Action Policy115. Talent Management Policy116. Performance Management Policy 117. Training and Development Policy 118. Succession Planning Policy 119. Recruitment and Selection Policy 120. Retention Policy122. Transfer and Relocation Policy123. Compensation Policy124. Bonus and Incentive Policy125. Payroll Policy126. Pay Increase Policy127. Employee Stock Option Plan128. Employee Stock Purchase Plan129. Pension and Retirement Plan130. Health Insurance Policy131. Life Insurance Policy132. Disability Insurance Policy133. Workers Compensation Policy134. Unemployment Insurance Policy135. Social Security Policy136. Taxation Policy137. Government Contracting Policy138. Export Control Policy139. Import Policy140. Customs Policy141. Trade Compliance Policy142. Intellectual Property Rights Policy 143. Anti-Counterfeiting Policy144. Anti-Piracy Policy145. Anti-Money Laundering Policy146. Insider Trading Policy147. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act Policy 148. Anti-Bribery Policy149. Export and Reexport Compliance Policy 150. Employment Eligibility Verification Policy.。

（四）三者之间区分
在解决环境问题时,对策就是大量得、丰富得、甚至 就是异想天法开律得产,生有要一由个国环家境得问最题高,就权会力有机几构个制、定几或十认个可甚。 至几百个环境对策。决策就是少量甚至就是唯一得。只有 那些在重大方向、重大问题上,由重要组织或重要人物做 出得选择与决定,才称得上就是决策。政策在具体应用时, 依据环境、对象得多样性,政策种类也就是极其多样并富 有各地特色得。
（三）环境政策
环境政策(Environmental policy):也称环境政策手段,政策 方法或政策法工律具产。生就要是由在国做家出得环最境高决权策力机之构后制,形定成或得认一可系。列 规则、制度、实施办法等,通过政策得落实与执行,实现决策 得目标(决定得落实与执行)。
环境政策有三类型:命令型与控制型,经济型与激励型,鼓 励型与自愿型。
(三)环境信息公开得作用
有助于提升政府的执政能力和执行水平， 提升政府形象和政府绩效。
政府
企业
公众
①满足了遵纪守法的需要 ②在宣传自身环境形象，环境行为 和环境绩效等方面取得明显成效。
提高公众的环境意识和参与意识， 加强公众的环境监督能力，更好 地参与和影响环境政策的制定， 都具有根本性的重要意义。
(二)绿色科学技术政策得主要内容
政府 企业 公众
科学家
就是公众中掌握专业科学 技术知识得一个特殊群体, 同时也就是为企业与政府 提供科学技术服务与成果 得主要人员
…… 环境信息公开、 ISO14000标准认证、 环境标志、环境会计、 环境审计、环境绩效管理
内容
鼓励型 和自愿
型
“命令 －控制”
型
公众自我管理 节约资源能源 绿色社区、住宅 NGO组织手段

现在，各种类型的组织都越来越重视通过依照环境方针和目标控制其活动、产品或者服务对环境的影响，以实现并证实良好的环境表现(行为)。

这是由于有关的立法更趋严格，促进环境保护的经济政策和其他措施都在陆续出台，相关方对环境问题包括可持续发展的关注也在普遍增长。

许多组织已经推行了环境“评审”或者“审核”，以评定自身的环境表现(行为)。

但仅靠这种“评审”和“审核”本身，可能还不足以为一个组织提供保证，使之确信自己的环境表现(行为)不仅现在满足，并将持续满足法律与方针要求。

要使评审或者审核行之有效，须在一个结构化的管理体系内予以实施，并将其纳入全部管理活动的整体。

国际环境管理标准旨在为组织规定有效的环境管理体系要素，它们可与其他管理要求相结合，匡助组织实现环境目标与经济目标。

如同其他国际标准一样，这些标准不是用来创造非关税贸易壁垒，也不增加或者改变一个组织的法律责任。

本标准规定了对环境管理体系的要求，该体系拟合用于任何类型与规模的组织，并合用于各种地理、文化和社会条件。

其运行模式如图 1 所示。

体系的成功实施有赖于各个层次与职能，特殊是最高管理者的承诺。

这样一个体系可供组织据以建立一套程序，用来设立环境方针和目标，实现对它们的符合，并向外界进行展示这种符合性；同时这一体系还可用来评定程序的有效性。

本标准的总目的是支持环境保护和污染预防，协调它们与社会需求和经济需求的关系。

应当指出的是，其中许多要求是可以同时或者重复涉及的。

本规 X 提出了对组织的环境管理体系进行认证/注册和(或者)自我声明的要求，它和用来为组织实施或者改进环境管理体系提供普通性匡助的非认证性指南有重要差别。

环境管理包容了全方位的内涵，其中有些还具有战略性与竞争性含义。

一个组织可以通过展示对本标准的成功实施，使相关方确信它已建立了妥善的环境管理体系。

关于环境管理支持技术指南见其他标准。

本标准仅包含那些用于认证、注册和(或者)自我声明目的，可以进行客观审核的要求。

XXXX-EMS-General-Procedures环境管理体系程序文件Environmental Management System Manual环境管理体系手册0 INDEX 0 目录1. Range 1．范围2. Environmental policy and objective 2．环境方针和目标3. Environmental management system requirements 3. 环境管理体系要求3.1 General requirements 3.1 总要求3.2 Environmental policy 3.2 环境方针3.3 Planning 3.3 策划3.4 Execution and function 3.4实施与运行3.5 Examination 3.5 检查3.6 Management review 3.6管理评审4. Appendix 4. 附件4.1 Appendix A Management System Organization Structure4.1 附件A 管理体系组织结构图Table4.2 Appendix B Organization Duty Distribution Table 4.2 附件B 组织职能分配表4.3 Appendix C Responsibility Illustration of Each Department 4.3 附件C 各部门职责说明4.4 Appendix D management representative nomination 4.4附件D管理者代表任命书4.5 Appendix E Program Document List 4.5附件E程序文件清单1．DOCUMENT CONTROL 1．文件控制1.1Documentation and filing 1.1文件归档This document shall be managed by site EHS department. 本文件由基地EHS部负责管理.1.2Modification service 1.2更改服务The site EHS department is responsible for revision of this document. 本文件的更改由基地EHS部负责提供变更服务。

The Law Regarding Environmental ManagementCHAPTER I GENERAL PROVISIONSArticle 1In this Law what is meant by:The environment is the spatial unity of all materials, forces, situations, and living creatures, including humans and their behaviour, which influences the continuance of the life and welfare of humans and other living creatures; Environmental management is an integrated effort to preserve enviornmentalfunctions which covers planning policy, exploitation, development, maintenance, reparation, supervision and control of the environment;Environmentally sustainable development is a conscious and planned effort, which integrates the environment, including resources, into the development process to ensure capability, welfare, and quality of life of present and future generations;An ecosystem is on ordering of an element of the environment which constitutes a whole and complete unit which interacts to produce environmental balance, stability, and productivity;Preservation of environmental functions is a set of efforts to maintain the continued supportive and carrying capacities of the environment; Environmental supportive capacity is the capacity of the environment to support humans and other living creatures;Preservation of environmental support capacity is a set of efforts to protect environmental viability against pressures for change and/or negative impacts that arise because of an activity, so that it can continue to support the life of humans and other living creatures;Environmental carrying capacity is the capability of the environment to absorb substances, energy, and/or other components that enter or are discharged into it;Preservation of environmental carrying capacity is a set of efforts to protect the capability of the environment to absorb substances, energy, and/or other components which are discharged into it;Resources are environmental elements that consist of human resources, natural resources, biological as well as non-biological, and artificial resources; Environmental quality standards are the threshold limits or levels of living creatures, substances, energy, or components that exists or must exist and/or pollutanting elements the existence of which in a certain resource as an element of the environment is set at a certain level;Environmental pollution is the entry or the entering into of living creatures, substances, energy, and/or other components into the environment by humanactivities with the result that its quality decreases to a certain level which causes the environment not to be able to function in accordance with its allocation;Standard environmental damage criteria are threshold limits of physical and/or biological changes in the environment which can be measured; Environmental damage is an action which gives rise to direct or indirect changes in the physical and/or biological characteristics of the environment which causes the environment to no longer be able to function to support sustainable development;Conservation of natural resources is the management of non-renewable natural resources to ensure their prudent utilization, and renewable resources to ensure their continued availability through maintaining and improving quality levels and diversity;Waste is the residue of a business and/or activity;Hazardous and toxic material is every matter which due to its nature or concentration, both directly and indirectly, can pollute and/or damage the environment, health, the continuation of human life and of other living creatures;Hazardous and toxic waste is the residue of a business and/or activity that contains hazardous and/or toxic material which due to its nature and/or concentration and/or amount, directly as well as indirectly, can polluteand/or damage the environment, and/or endanger the environment, health, the continuation of human life and of other living creatures;An environmental dispute is a disagreement between two or more parties which is arises as a result of the existence of or suspected existence of environmental pollution and/or damage;Environmental impact is the influence for change on the environment which is caused by a business and/or an activity;Environmental impact analysis is a study of large and significant impacts of a planned business and/or activity which is needed in the decision making process regarding business and/or activity implementation;An environmental organization is a group of persons formed of their own volition and desire in the midst of the community, with its objectives and activities in the environmental field;An environmental audit is an evaluation process performed by those responsible for a business and/or activity to assess the level of compliance with applicable legal conditions and/or policy and standard set by the party responsible for the business and/or activity concerned;A person is an individual person, and/or a group of people, and/or legal body; Minister is the Minister whohas been given the task of managing the environment.Article 2The scope of the Indonesian environment covers space, the location of the United Indonesian State with an Archipelagic Outlook in performing itssovereignty, sovereign rights, and jurisdiction.CHAPTER II BASIS, OBJECTIVE, AND TARGETArticle 3Environmental management which is performed with a principle of national responsibility, a principle of sustainability, and a principle of exploitation, aims to create environmentaly sustainable development in the framework of the holistic development of the Indonesian human and the development of an Indonesian community in its entirety which is faithful and devoted to God the Almighty.Article 4The targets of environmental management are:achievement of harmony and balance between humans and the environment; formation of the Indonesian person as an environmental being disposed toward and acting to protect and foster the environment;guaranteeing the interests of present generations and future generations; achievement of preservation of environmental functions;prudent control of the exploitation of resources;protection of the Unitary Indonesia Republic against impacts of businessand/or activity outside the national region which causes environmental pollution and/or damage.CHAPTER III COMMUNITY RIGHTS, OBLIGATIONS AND ROLEArticle 51. Every person has the same right to an environment which is good and healthy.2. Every person has the right to environmental information which is related to environmental management roles.3. Every person has the right to play a role in the scheme of environmental management in accordance with applicable laws and regulations.Article 61. Every person is obliged to preserve the continuity of environmental functions and protect and combat environmental pollution and damage.2. Every person who carrying out a business or other activity must providetrue and accurate information regarding environmental management.Article 71. The community has the same and the broadest possible opportunity to play a role in environmental management.2. Implementation of the stipulation in (1) above, is carried out by:increasing independence, community empowerment, and partnershipgiving growth to community capability and initiative;increasing community responsiveness in carrying out social supervision; providing suggestions;conveying information and/or conveying reports.CHAPTER IV ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AUTHORITYArticle 81. Natural resources are controlled by the state and are utilized for the greatest possible public welfare, and the arrangements thereof are determined by the Government.2. To implement the stipulation provided for in (1) above the Government:regulates and develops policy in the scheme of environmental management; regulates the supply, allocation, use, [and] management of the environment, and the reuse of natural resources, including genetic resources;regulates legal actions and legal relations between persons and/or other legal subjects as well as legal actions regarding natural resources and artificial resources, including genetic resources;controls activities which have social impact;develops a funding system for efforts to preserve environmental functions. 3. The stipulations provided for in (2) above are further regulated by Government Regulation.Article 91. The Government determines national policies on environmental management and spatial management whilst always taking into account religious values, culture and traditions and the living norms of the community.2. Environmental management is performed in an integrated manner by government institutions in accordance with their respective fields of tasks and responsibilities, the public, and other agents of development while taking into account the integratedness of planning and implementation of the environmental management policy.3. Environmental management must be performed in an integrated manner with spatial management, protection of non-biological natural resources, protection of artificial resources, conservation of biological natural resources and their ecosystems, cultural preservation, bio-diversity and climate change.4. The integratedness of planning and implementation of national environmental management policy, as provided for in (2) above, is coordinated by the Minister.Article 10In the scheme of environmental management the Government must:form, give growth to, develop and increase awareness and responsibility of decision makers environmental management;form, give growth to, develop and increase awareness of community rights and responsibilities in environmental management;form, give growth to, develop and increase partnership between the community, business and the Government in the effort to preserve environmental supportive capacity and carrying capacity;develop and apply environmental management policy which ensures the maintaining of environmental supportive and carrying capacity;develop and apply instruments of a pre-emptive, preventive and proactive nature in the effort to prevent decreases in environmental supportive and carrying capacity;exploit and develop environmentally sound technology;carry out research and development in the environmental field;provide environmental information and disseminate it to the community;give awards to meritorious people or foundations in the environmental field. Article 111. Environmental management at the national level is implemented integratedly by an institutional instrument which is coordinated by the Minister.2. Stipulations on task, function, authority, and organizational arrangement as well as institutional working procedures as provided for in (1) above are regulated further by Presidential Decision.Article 121. Te create integratedness and harmony in the implementation of national policy regarding environmental management, the Government based on legislation can:delegate certain environmental management authority to local CentralGovernment offices;give a role to Local Government to assist the Central Government in the implementation of environmental management in the regions.2. Further stipulations as provided for in (1) above are regulated by laws and regulations.Article 131. In the scheme of the implementation of environmental management, the Government can transfer part of its affairs to Local Government to become part of its general affairs.2. Transferring of affairs as provided for (1) above is determined by Government Regulation.CHAPTER V PRESERVATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL FUNCTIONSArticle 141. To guarantee the preservation of environmental functions, every business and/or activity is prohibited from breaching quality standards and standard criteria of environmental damage.2. Stipulations on environmental quality standards, prevention of and coping with pollution and restoration of its carrying capacity are regulated by Government Regulation.3. Stipulations on standard criteria of environmental damage, prevention and coping with damage along with restoration of its supportive capacity are regulated by Government Regulation.Article 151. Every plan of a business and/or activity with the possibility that it can give rise to large and important impact on the environment, must possess an environmental impact analysis.2. Stipulations concering business and/or activity plans that give ries to a large and mportant impact on the environment, as is meant in (1) above, and the method for arrangement and evaluation of environmental impact analysis are determined by Government Regulation.Article 161. Every party responsible for a business and/or activity must carry out management of wastes produced by their business and/or activity.2. The responsible party for a business and/or activity as provided for in (1) above can transfer such waste management to another party.3. Stipulations on the implementation of this article are regulated further by Government Regulation.Article 171. Every party responsible for a business and/or activity must carry out management of the hazardous and toxic materials.2. Management of hazardous and toxic materials covers: producing, transporting, distributing, storing, using and/or disposing.3. Stipulations concerning management of hazardous and toxic materials are regulated further by Government Regulation.CHAPTER VI ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTSPart I LicensingArticle 181. Every business and/or activity which gives rise to a large and important impact on the environment must possess an environmental impact analysis to obtain the license to conduct a business and/or activity.2. The license to conduct a business and/or activity as provided for in (1) above is conferred by the official who has authority in accordance with laws and regulations.3. In the license provided for in (1) above is included conditions and obligations to carry out environmental impact control efforts.Article 191. In issuing a license to carry out a business and/or activity it is compulsoy to take into account:spatial management plans;public opinion;considerations and recommendations of authorized officials who are involved with such business and/or activity.2. The license to conduct a business and/or activity decision must be made public.Article 201. Without a licensing decision, every person is prohibitted from disposing of waste to an environmental medium.2. Every person is prohibited from disposing of waste which originates from outside Indonesian territory to an Indonesian environmental medium.3. The authority to issue or refuse a licensing application as provided for in (1) above lies with the Minister.4. Waste disposal to an environmental medium as provided for in (1) above may only be carried out at a disposal site which is determined by the Minister.5. Implementing provisions for this Article are regulated further by government regulation.Article 21Every person is prohibitted from importing hazardous and toxic wastes.Part II SupervisionArticle 221. The Minister carries out supervision of the compliance of those responsible for a business and/or activity to stipulations which have already been applied in the laws and regulations in the environmental field.2. To carry out the supervision provided for in (1) above, the Minister can appoint officials with authority to carry out supervision.3. Where supervisory authority is transferred to Local Government, the Regional Head appoints officials authorized to carru out supervision.Article 23Environmental impact control as a supervisory instrument is carried out by an institution formed especiallly for that by the Government.Article 241. To implement its task, the supervisor provided for in Article 22 has authority to conduct monitoring, request an explanation, make copies of documents and/or make notes which are needed, enter certain places, take samples, inspect equipment, inspect installations and/or transportation equipment, and request an explanation from the party responsible for abusiness and/or activity.2. The party responsible for a business and/or activity which has been requested to provide an explanation as provided for in (1) above, must fulfill the request of the supervisor official in accordance with stipulations of applicable laws and regulations.3. Each supervisor must show a letter of instruction and/or proof of identity and must be attentive to the situation and conditions prevailing at such place of supervision.Part III Administrative SanctionsArticle 251. The Governor/Head of the Level I Region has the authority to carry out administrative sanctions against the party responsible for a business and/or activity to prevent and end occurance of an infringement, and to deal with the consequences given rise to by an infringement, carry out safeguarding, mitigating and/or remedial measures at the expense of the party responsible for a business and/or activity, except where otherwise stipulated based on Law.2. Authority as provided by (1) above, can be transferred to the District Head/Major/Head of the Level II Region by Level I Region Regulation.3. A third party who has an interest has the right to submit an application to the authorised official to carry out an administrative sanction, as provided for in (1) and (2) above.4. Administrative sanctions as provided for in (1) and (2) above, are preceded by an order from the authorized official.5. Safeguarding, mitigating and/or remedial measures as provided for in (1) above can be replaced with the payment of a certain sum of money.Article 261. The procedure for determining expenses as provided for in Article 25(1) and (5) above and their retribution is determined by laws and regulations.2. Where laws and regulations as provided for in (1) above are not yet formed, its implementation uses legal efforts according to applicable laws and regulations.Article 271. Sanctions in the form of revocation of business and/or activity licenses can be imposed upon certain infringements.2. The Regional Head can submit a proposal for the revoking of a business and/or activity license to an authorized official.3. A party which has an interest can submit an application to the authorized official to revoke a business and/or other activity license because their interests are adversely affected.Part IV Environmental AuditsArticle 28In the scheme of improving business and/or activity performance, the Government ennourages the party responsible for a business and/or activity to conduct an environmental audit.Article 291. The Minister has the authority to order the party responsible for a business and/or activity to conduct an environmental audit if the party concerned indicates their non-compliance with stipulations arranged in this law.2. The party responsible for a business and/or activity which is ordered to conduct an environmental audit must execute the order as provided for in (1) above.3. If the person responsible for a business and/or activity does not execute the order as provided for in (1) above, the Minister can execute or instruct a third party to execute an environmental audit as provided for in (1) above, at the expense of the party resonsible for the business and/or activity concerned.4. The total expense as provided for in (3) above is determined by the Minister.5. The Minister publicises the results of an environmental audit provided for in (1).CHAPTER VII ENVIRONMENTAL DISPUTE SETTLEMENTPart I GeneralArticle 301. Environmental dispute settlement can be reached through the court or out ofcourt based on the voluntary choice of the parties in dispute.2. Out of court dispute settlement as provided for in (1) above does not apply to criminal environmental actions as regulated in this law.3. If an out of court dispute settlement has already been chosen, legal action through the court can only be undertaken if such effort is declared to have not succeeded by one or several of the parties in dispute.Part II Out of Court Environmental Dispute SettlementArticle 31Out of court environmental dispute settlement is held to reach agreement on the form and size of compensation and/or on certain actions to ensure that negative impacts on the environment will not occur or be repeated.Article 32In out of court environmental dispute settlement as provided for in Article 31 the services of the third party can be used, both which do not possess decision making authority and which possess decision making authority, to help resolve an environmental dispute.Article 331. The Government and/or community can form environmental dispute settlement service providing agency which has a free and impartial disposition.2. Stipulations on an environmental dispute settlement service provider are regulated further by Government Regulation.Part III Environmental Dispute Settlement Through the CourtParagraph I CompensationArticle 341. Every action which infringes the law in the form of environmental pollution and/or damage which gives rise to adverse impacts on other people or the environment, obliges the party responsible for the business and/or activity to pay compensation and/or to carry out certain actions.2. As well as the burden of carrying out certain participatory actions provided for in (1) above, the judge can determine complusory monetary payment to be made for every day of lateness in completion of such certain actions. Paragraph II Strict LiabilityArticle 351. The party responsible for a business and/or activity whch gives rise to a large impact on the environment, which uses hazardous and toxic materials, and/or produces hazardous and toxic waste, is strictly liable for losses which are given rise to, with the obligation to pay compensation directly and immediately upon occurence of environmental pollution and/or damage.2. The party responsible for a business and/or activity can be released from the obligation to pay compensation provided for in (1) above if those concerned can prove that environmental pollution and/or damage was caused by one of the following reasons:the existence of a natural disaster or war; orthe existence of situation of coercion outside of human capabilities; orthe existence of actions of a third party which caused the occurence of environmental pollution and/or damage.3. Where losses occur which have been caused by a third party as provided for in (2)(c) above, the third party is responsible for paying compensation. Paragraph III Time Limits for Bringing Legal ActionsArticle 361. The limitation period for bringing legal actions to court follows the periods set out in the applicable Civil Procedures Law, and is calculated from the moment the victim knows of the existence of environmental pollution and/or damage.2. Stipulations on the limitation period for bringing legal actions as provided for in (1) above do not apply to environmental pollution and/or damage which is caused by a business and/or activity which uses hazardous and toxic materials and/or produces hazardous and toxic waste.Paragraph 4 Right of the Community and Environmental Organization to Bring Legal ActionsArticle 371. The community has the right to bring a class action to court and/or report to law enforcers concerning various environmental problems which inflict losses on the life of the community.2. If it is known that the community suffers as a result of environmental pollution and/or damage to such n extent that it influences the basic life ofthe community, the governmental agency which is responsible in the environmental field can act in the community's interest.3. Further stipulations as to what is intended by (2) above are regulated by Government Regulation.Article 381. In the scheme of implementing responsibility for environmental management consistent with a partnership principle, environmental organizations have the right to bring a legal action in the interest of environmental functions.2. The right to bring a legal action as provided for in (1) above is limited to a demand for a right to carry out particular measures without the presence of a demand for compensation, except for expenses or real outlays.3. Environmental organizations have the right to bring a legal action as provided in (1) above if they meet the following conditions:they have the form of a legal body or foundation;in the articles of association of the environmental organization it is stated clearly that the goal of the founding of the organisation concerned was in the interests of the preservation of environmental functions;activities consistent with its articles of association have already been carried out.Article 39Procedures for the submission of legal actions in environmental problems by individuals, the community, and/or environmental organisations refers to the applicable Civil Procedures Law.CHAPTER VIII INVESTIGATIONArticle 401. As well as Republic of Indonesia National Police Investigators, certain Civil Government Officials asociated with the government agency whose scope of functions and responsibility are in the environmental management field, are given special authority as investigators as is provided for in Laws appropriate with applicable Criminal Procedures Law.2. Civil Investigator Officers as provided for in (1) above have the authority to:carry out examination of the correctness of a report or explanation in relation to a criminal action in the environmental area;carry out examination of people or legal bodies who are suspected of criminalactions in the environmental field;request an explanation and evidence from individuals or legal bodies in relation to a criminal incident in the environmental field;carry out examination of account-keeping, notes and other documents which are relevant to a criminal action in the environmental field;carry out examination at certain places which are suspected of containing evidence, accounts, notes, and other documents along with carrying out confiscation of materials resulting from infringements which can be used as evidence in criminal cases in the environmental field;request expers assistance in the scheme of the implementation of the function of investigation of criminal actions in the environmental field.3. Civil Investigator Officers provided for in (1) above inform the Republic of Indonesia National Police Investigators of the commencement and the results of their investigation.4. Civil Investigator Officers provided for in (1) above convey the findings of investigation to the Public Prosecutor through Republic of Indonesia National Police Investigators.5. Investigation of environmental crimes in Indonesian waters and the Exclusive Economic Zone is carried out by investigators according to applicable laws and regulations.CHAPTER IX CRIMINAL PROVISIONSArticle 411. Any person who in contravention of the law intentionally carries out an action which results in environmental pollution and/or damage, is criminally liable to a maximum imprisonment of 10 (ten) years and a maximum fine of Rp.500,000,000 (five hundred million rupiah).2. If a criminal action as provided for in (1) above causes the death or serious injury of a person, the person who carried out the criminal action is criminally liable to a maximum imprisonment of 15 (fifteen) years and a maximum fine of Rp.750,000,000 (seven hundred and fifty million rupiah). Article 421. Any person who due to their negligence performs an action that causes environmental pollution and/or damage, is criminally liable to a maximum imprisonment of three years and a maximum fine of Rp.100,000,000 (one hundred million rupiah).2. If a criminal action as provided for in (1) above causes the death or serious injury of a person, the person who carried out the criminal action is。

A） 1.5。

6.职业健康、环境管理体系的结构、模式和内容第六章职业健康安全管理体系与环境管理体系的结构、模式和内容1职业健康安全管理体系的基本结构和模式职业健康安全管理体系是指为建立职业健康安全方针以及实现这些目标所制定的一系列相互联系或相互作用的要素。

（1)职业健康安全问题及其解决途径●人的不安全行为：从人的心理学和行为学方面研究解决，可通过培训和提高人的安全意识和行为能力,以保证人的可靠性。

●物的不安全状态:从研究安全技术，采取安全措施来解决，可通过各种有效的安全技术系统保证安全设施的可靠性。

●组织管理不力:用系统论的理论和方法,研究工业生产组织如何建立职业健康安全系统化、标准化的管理体系，实行全员、全过程、全方位、以预防为主的整体管理。

职业健康安全管理体系是用系统论的理论和方法来解决依靠人的可靠性和安全技术可靠性所不能解决的生产事故和劳动疾病的问题，即从组织管理上来解决职业健康安全问题。

为此,英国标准化协会（BSI)、爱尔兰国家标准局、南非标准局、挪威船级社（DNV)等13个组织联合在1999年和2000年分别发布了OHSASl8001：1999《职业健康安全管理体系-—规范》和OHSASl8002：1999《职业健康安全管理体系——指南》。

我国于2001年发布了GB／T 28001—2001(职业健康安全管理体系——规范），该体系标准覆盖了OHSASl8001:1999《职业健康安全管理体系-—规范》的所有技术内容，并考虑了国际上有关职业健康安全管理体系的现有文件的技术内容。

（2）职业健康安全管理体系的术语和定义！(术语是专业领域中概念的语言指称。

术语——概念关系：术语和概念之间应一一对应。

即，一个术语只表示一个概念(单义性)；一个概念只有一个指称，即,只由一个术语来表示(单名性）。

)！●事故(accident)：造成死亡、疾病、伤害、损坏或其他损失的意外情况。

●审核（audit):系统审核以确定活动及相关的结果是否符合计划安排，这些安排是否有效实施,是否适合于达到组织的方针与目标.●持续改进（continualimprovement)：为改进职业健康安全总体绩效，根据职业健康安全方针,组织强化职业健康安全管理体系的过程(该过程不必同时发生在活动的所有领域)。

政府/工业区/员工的青睐和认可;
ISO 14001改版的目的
▪ 在接下来的10年或更长时间，提供一套稳定的精炼的要求。 ▪ 维持关注有效过程管理，获得期望的结果。 ▪ 考虑自从上次2004版的变化后，环境管理体系实际操作及 技 术层面的变化。 ▪ 应用ISO指令附录SL，加强ISO14001标准跟其他ISO管理体 系 标准的一致性。 ▪ 方便有效实施，及一方、二方、三方有效的符合性评审。 ▪ 使用简练的语言及书写形式以便于对标准要求的理解、解 释 达成一致。
ISO 14001:2015 标准解读
目
录
1. ISO 14001产生背景及标准改版计划 2. 重大改变 3. 新版标准条款结构 4. 主要条款解读及应对措施 5. 实施ISO 14001常见问题
18世纪兴起的工业革命，曾经带给人 类无限希望和欣喜，工业化兴起、城 市化发展、科学技术的进步使人类的 生活水平得到飞速提高，人类文明进 入到一个新的高度。 然而，工业革命 给人类带来的不仅是 欣喜，还有诸多 意想不到的后果，甚 至埋下了人类生 存和发展的潜在威胁。
ISO 14001的好处
▪ 1. 满足直接客户/间接客户的业务评估要求， 提升客户信心;
▪ 2. 有利于企业参与国际竞争，突破贸易壁垒； ▪ 3. 作为自身内部管理的手段,提高环境管理的
绩效, 减少废气/废水/噪音/危险废弃物的 排 放, 提高能源/资源的使用效率,降低企业的 生 产成本,提升企业的竞争力; ▪ 4. 通过实施EMS,可以持续满足企业有关的环保 法律法规要求,规避或降低违法的风险,实现可 持续发展,提升企业环保的社会形象,赢得客户/
•1）相关方（优选术语） 利益相关者（承认术语）
•可以影响，受影响的个人或组织（3.01），或认为自己被一个决定或活动 所影响。

GBT24001标准GB/T-2004是一项环境管理体系的标准，旨在帮助组织规定有效的环境管理要素，以实现良好的环境绩效并符合法律法规要求。

随着环境问题的日益严重，组织越来越重视环境保护和可持续发展，并通过环境方针和目标来控制其活动、产品或服务对环境的影响。

本标准适用于任何类型和规模的组织，并适用于各种地理、文化和社会条件。

其中，环境管理体系要求分为以下几个方面：1.总要求：要求组织建立、实施、维护和持续改进环境管理体系，以确保其符合法律法规和其他要求，并实现环境目标和经济目标。

2.环境方针：要求组织制定和发布环境方针，明确其对环境的承诺和目标，并将其纳入整个管理体系。

3.策划：要求组织根据环境因素和法律法规要求，制定环境管理方案和目标，并对其进行评估和修订。

4.实施与运行：要求组织分配资源、职责和权限，提高员工的意识和能力，建立信息交流机制和文件控制程序，以及制定应急准备和响应计划。

5.检查：要求组织进行监测和测量，评估合规性，处理不符合情况，并进行内部审核和管理评审。

本标准的成功实施需要组织中各个层次和职能的承诺，特别是最高管理者的承诺。

通过建立一个结构化的管理体系，组织可以有效地实施评审和审核，并持续改进其环境绩效。

这样的管理体系不仅可以帮助组织实现其环境目标，还可以协调环境保护和污染预防与社会和经济需求之间的关系。

需要注意的是，本标准中的许多要求是可以同时或重复涉及的。

因此，组织应该根据自身特点和实际情况，合理地制定和实施环境管理体系，以达到最佳效果。

采用一系列环境管理技术并实施环境管理体系，可以得到最优化的结果。

但是，仅仅采用本标准并不能保证取得最优化的环境结果。

环境管理体系能够促使组织在适宜和经济条件许可时，充分考虑采用这些技术的成本效益，为实现环境目标而努力。

本标准不包含针对其他管理体系的要求，如质量、职业健康安全、财务或风险等管理体系要求。

但可以将本标准所规定的要素与其他管理体系的要素进行协调或整合。

环境治理的英语一、“环境治理”的英语表达及分析“环境治理”常见的英语表达是“environmental governance”或者“environmental management”。

“environmental”这个词来源于“environment”（环境），加上“ -al”这个形容词后缀，表示“与环境有关的”。

“governance”强调的是治理的过程、系统和规则等，有一种宏观的管理和统治的意味；而“management”更侧重于管理的行为、技巧和操作等方面。

例如，当我们说一个国家或地区在采取措施改善环境状况时，我们可以用“environmental governance”来表示整个环境治理的体系和政策框架。

像“Good environmental governance is crucial for the sustainable development of a country.”（良好的环境治理对一个国家的可持续发展至关重要。

）这里就体现出“governance”所涵盖的全面性和战略性。

而如果是说一个公司或者一个社区在进行具体的环境管理工作，比如垃圾分类、节能减排等，“environmental management”就更为合适。

例如“Our community has made great progress in environmental management, especially in waste sorting.”（我们的社区在环境管理方面取得了很大的进步，尤其是在垃圾分类方面。

）二、适用情况及例子1. 国际会议场景- 在国际环境会议上，各国代表讨论全球气候变化应对策略时会用到。

例如：“Environmental governance should be strengt hened globally to combat climate change.”（为应对气候变化，全球应加强环境治理。

酒庄的管理制度和要求英文1. IntroductionThe winery management policies and regulations aim to ensure the smooth and efficient operation of the winery, as well as maintain a high standard of quality in the production of wine. These policies and regulations are designed to create a safe and healthy working environment for all employees, and to promote responsible and sustainable business practices.2. Leadership and ManagementThe leadership and management of the winery shall be responsible for the developmentan d implementation of policies and procedures that promote the winery’s mission and vision. The winery’s leadership includes the winery owner, CEO, and management team. The winery owner and CEO are responsible for setting the strategic direction of the winery and ensuring that the winery operates in accordance with all applicable laws and regulations. The management team is responsible for the day-to-day operations of the winery, and for ensuring that the winery’s staff are well-trained and capable of performing their duties.3. Human ResourcesThe winery shall maintain a comprehensive human resources policy that includes guidelines for recruitment, training, performance evaluation, and employee development. The winery shall also have procedures for addressing employee grievances and complaints, and for ensuring that all employees are treated with fairness and respect. The winery shall also establish procedures for addressing employee safety and health concerns, and for promoting a safe and healthy working environment.4. Production and Quality ControlThe winery shall maintain a comprehensive production and quality control policy that includes guidelines for grape selection, winemaking, and quality assurance. The winery shall also have procedures for conducting regular quality control checks, and for addressing any issues that may arise during the winemaking process. The winery shall also establish procedures for maintaining the cleanliness and sanitation of the winery and its equipment, and for ensuring that th e winery’s products are produced in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations.5. Sales and MarketingThe winery shall maintain a comprehensive sales and marketing policy that includes guidelines for sales promotion, distribution, and customer service. The winery shall also have procedures for developing and implementing marketing strategies, and for ensuring that the winery’s products are marketed in a responsible and ethical manner. The wineryshall also establish procedures for addressing customer complaints and inquiries, and for ensuring that the winery’s products meet the needs and expectations of its customers.6. Environmental ManagementThe winery shall maintain a comprehensive environmental management policy that includes guidelines for environmental conservation, waste management, and sustainable business practices. The winery shall also have procedures for monitoring and reducing its environmental impact, and for complying with all applicable environmental laws and regulations. The winery shall also establish procedures for promoting environmental awareness and responsibility among its employees and customers, and for incorporating environmental considerations into its business decisions and operations.7. Compliance and EthicsThe winery shall maintain a strong commitment to compliance and ethics, and shall conduct its business in accordance with all applicable laws, regulations, and ethical standards. The winery shall establish procedures for monitoring and ensuring compliance with all applicable laws and regulations, and for conducting regular audits of its operations. The winery shall also have procedures for addressing ethical issues and concerns, and for promoting an ethical and responsible business culture among its employees and customers.8. ConclusionThe winery management policies and regulations are essential for ensuring the successful and responsible operation of the winery. By adhering to these policies and regulations, the winery can maintain a high standard of quality in its production, promote a safe and healthy working environment for its employees, and conduct its business in an ethical and responsible manner. By doing so, the winery can contribute to the long-term success and sustainability of its business, while also making a positive impact on the environment and the community.。