专业八级改错
概述
改错题屈丁?主观题，考试大纲对改错部分的要求是：
测试要求：能运用语法、词汇、修辞等语言知识识别所给短文内的语病并提出改 正方法。考试吋间15分钟。
测试形式：木部分由一篇约250个单词的短文组成，短文中有10行标题号。该 10行内均含冇一个语病。要求学生根据“增添”、“删除”或“改变英屮的某一单词 或短语”三种方法中的一种改正语病。
测试目的：检查学生在实际语境中灵活运用语言知识的能力。该项目考察学生的 语法和词汇知识，但更侧重评估学生的综合语言能力。
历年的改错题得分率偏低。改革后的专八考试有10到改错题，每一题都设有错 误，这实际上降低了改错的难度，因为改错题口的类型是比较固定的，每-?行的 单词数量冇限，一筹莫展吋口J 以对照常见错误类型进行排除，从而迅速找到答案。 标号行冇冃仅冇一个错误；无标号行肯定正确。
三种改错方法：增词删词改词
Proofreading and error correction (15 min)
The passage contains ten errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of on error. In each case, only one word is involved. You should proof-read the passage and correct it in the following way:
For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line.
For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a 7" sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.
For an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash 'T and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.
常见错误类型有以下几种:
3 .动词语态：主动/被动语态
4 .连接词併列句/从句
第一章考察四种知识 第二章三种改错方法
第三章真题解析
1.主谓一致
2.动词时态
5. 比较级
6.虚拟语气
7.非谓语动词 9.倒装句语序10 ?赘述 11.增添词 &代词与先行词的一致
12?易混淆的词（名词、动词、语法词
第一章考察四种知识
篇章结构句法知识语法知识词汇知识
I.篇章结构
1.浏览全文，抓住主题句（2009年真题）
2.熟悉常用连接词
理解连接词的逻辑意义和句法结构。如，therefore是副词，替换时只能用副词however,而不能用连词while。
II.句法：
1.时态错误
近年的改错大多是论说文，一般都是以一般现在时为主。如果岀现过去时，一定要注意是否有过去的吋间标记。
仞J: We begin the t4naturaF, learning of pronunciation long before we start learning to read and write, and in our early years we went on unconsciously imitating and practicing the pronunciation of those around us for many more hours per every day than we ever have to spend learning even our difficult English spelling. （2002 年真题）
We begin the “natural、’ learning of pronunciation long before we start learning to read and write, and in our early years we went on unconsciously imitating and practicing the pronunciation of those around us for many more hours per every day than we ever
have to spend learning even our difficult English spelling. （2002 年真题）时间状语in our early years看似过去的时间状语，但该句为对一般事实的陈述。也看通过and 的前一小句判断。
改词：went改为go
2.非谓语动词错误
仞J: There is no material in any language today or in the earliest records of ancient languages show us language in a new and emerging state. （2007 年真题）
There is no material in any language today or in the earliest records of ancient languages show us language in a new and emerging state. （2007 年真题）改词:show改为showing
例:They say the increases are needed because of a loss in value of university endowments heavily investing in common stock. （2005 年真题）
They say the increases are needed because of a loss in value of university endowments heavily investing in common stock. （2005 年真题）
改词：investing 改为invested
3.从句错误
英语屮的定语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、表语从句等是常考点。关系词代词或副词误用或缺失。
例：It is not a voice we recognize at once, whereas our own handwriting is something which we almost always know. （2002 年真题）
当先行词为something, anything, nothing, all等不定代词时,定语从句的先彳亍词只能用that,不用which.
例：As we know, life would only be possible on the surface of a planet had temperatures somewhere within this range. （1996 年真题）
As we know, life would only be possible on the surface of a planet had temperatures somewhere within this range. （1996 年真题）
增词：had前添加that或which
改词：had改为having
4.主谓一致错误
数的一致。关键找到真正的主语，不受其他成分干扰。定语从句中要找准先行词。例：The English speaker has in his disposal a vocabulary and a set of grammatical rules which enables him to communicate his thoughts and feelings, in a variety of styles, to the other English speaker.
改词：enables 改为enable
IIL词汇知识
1.名词单复数错误
单复数误用；单复数异意
例：Each of us shares with the community in which we live a store of words and meanings as well as agreed conventions as to the way in which words should be arranged to convey a particular message... （2006 年真题）way 改为ways
例: Congressional investigations nevertheless represent one important tool available to lawmakers to inform the citizenry and to arouse public interests in national issues, interest “兴趣”不可数；“利益，福利”复数
2.动词搭配错误
例：This power is usually delegated to committees一-either standing committees, or special committees set for a specific purpose, ... （2004 年真题）危改：set后添加up. set up:创立，建立
仞J : Frequently, committees rely on outside experts to assist in conducting investigative hearings and to make out detailed studies of issues. （2004 年真题）修改：make out 理解，进行详尽的研究，进行某事carry out.
3.形容词或副词错误
仞J 1: The marketing of wheat became an increasing favorite topic of conversation. （2001年真题）
Increasing 修饰favorite,所以改为increasingly
例2： ...there are no remote tribes, no ancient records, providing evidence of a language with a large proportion of such cries than we find in English. （2007 年真题）出现了比较级标志than,所以large改为larger.
4.形近词或近义词错误
例1: Anxious to check inflation and rising life costs, the federal government appointed a board of grain supervisors to deal with deliveries from the crop of 1917 and 1918.
（2001 年真题）
生活成本：living costs
例2： Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten the rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost to them of the athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumni donations... （2005 彳匸真题）
减少竞争的残酷程度，shorten改为reduce或lessen
例3：…and it often comes as a shock when we firstly hear a recording of ourselves. （2002年真题）
firstly 首先，first 第一次
5.介词错误
介词的错误类型主要是搭配错误。
彳列：...and in rare occasions, to lay the groundwork for impeachment proceedings. （2004年真题）
在... 场合：on ...occasions.
例:Frequently, committees rely outside experts to assist in conducting investigative hearings and to make out detailed studies of issues. （2004 彳匸真题）
rely后添加on
例：Large numbers of us, in fact, remain throughout our lives quite conscious with what our speech sounds like when we speak, ... （2004 年真题）
意识到I ... be conscious of sth.
6.冠词错误
不定冠词：a, an
定冠词：the
可数名词单数形式前一定要有冠词：表示泛指或第一次提到时，用不定冠词；表特指或上文已经捉到时，用定冠词；某些名词前加定冠词和不定冠词时，意思不同。例：If we were not hesitating, it would only last a fraction of the second. （1997 年真题）
a second 一秒the second 第二
例:We certainly could use their eating habits as a model for healthier diet. （1999 年真题）
for后添加a
例：...and, in the general, it passes between children of the same age,... （2009 年真题）一般而言in general
7.代词错误
英语的代词冇人称代词，物主代词，疑问代词，指示代词，不定代词等。错误类型主要是代词与所指对彖在数等方面不一致。
解题关键：找准代词指代的对象。
彳列:...their marriages remained intact to a greater extent than did that of couples who married in earlier as well as later decades. （2003 彳F真题）
that指代marriages,所以应改为those
仮ij： In nursery lore a verse learnt in early childhood, is not usually passed on again when the litter listener has grown up, and has children of their own, or even grandchildren. （2009 年真题）
their own指代little listener,单数，所以应改为his
第二章三种改错方法
增词删词改词
、增词
1、介词
主要表现为一些短语词组、固定搭配的用法或不及物动词跟宾语等情况。
仮0: On various occasions, producer groups asked firmer control, but the government had no wish to become involved, at least not until wartime when wheat prices threatened to run wild.
此句中ask必须于介词for构成词组ask for,才冇“要求"、“请求”之意
2、冠词
主耍表现为该用冠词的地方没有使用，或在一些含冇冠词的固定词组屮出现了遗漏现象。
例：For this reason, biologists now suggest that language is "species specific" to the human race, that is to say, they consider the human infant to be genetically programmed in such way that it can acquire language.
此句的问题在丁such后而遗漏了冠词a o In such a way是同定用法，冠词a不能省略。
3、代词
主要表现为在必须使用代词的情况下遗漏了代词，从而造成句子意思含糊不清。仞J： They experience no obesity, and no middle-aged spread, little dental decay, no high blood pressure, no heart disease, and their blood cholesterol levels are very low (about half of the average American adult).
此句的问题在于half后面应该加上that,用来指导blood cholesterol,否则意思不明确。
4、连词
主耍表现为连接此句的并列连词、从屈连词、关系副词等岀现了遗漏。
彳列：As we know, life would only be possible on the surface of a planet had temperatures somewhere within this range.
此句的问题在于planet后面的部分应作为修饰它的一个定语从句，必须冇引导该从句的关系代词which或that,否则句了里面出现两个谓语动词，属于病句。
5、与动词时态、语态等变化相关的一些字母或单词
主要包括动词单数笫三人称一般现在时后面加的s或es、表示被动语态的助动词be、表示否定的not以及表示不定式的to等。例如：
His urge to go is held in check by his desire not be rude to his guest.
此句的问题在于not后血少了一个to, not to be rude...是一个否定形式的不定式短语。不定式短语否定形式的构成就是在to的前而加note
6、在语义或逻辑关系上考虑应添加的词
根据上下文的语义或逻辑关系分析，若发现不连贯或不一致的问题，即使句子木身看似正确，也要考虑是否有必要壇添词语。
例：... after all, as we have seen, speech operates as a means of holding a community and giving a sense of “belonging".
此句午看之下似乎没有错，但仔细一读就会发现“hold a community^^有些别扭，显然是后面漏掉了togethero因为hold单独作及物动词吋，表示“抓住J “占据的
意思，而此处强调speech的凝聚作用，所以要加上together。
二、删词
1、介词
1）在及物动词后的介词
To handle with the crop of 1919, the government appointed the first Canadian Wheat Board, with full authority to buy, sell, and set price.
此处handle应该作为及物动词，后面跟具休要处理的问题（即crop）, with是多余的;值得注意的是,handle也可与with连用，但后面要加上“处理问题的方式S
2）需要删词的介词涉及某些固定搭配
... these contemporary aborigines live to old ages despite of the absence of medical care. 此句检测的是despite和in spite of的区别。两者的意思基木相同，需要注意的就是despite 口J以直接使用，不用接of。
2、冠词
1）在泛指情况下删除冠词
It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totally dependent on the others...
句中第二个定冠词the是多余的，因为others泛指human infant Z外所有的人，Ifij the others通常是特指，表示特定人群Z中的“其他人”。
2）看似形容词最高级中的冠词
A rough and ready difference which may seem the most obvious is that grammatical words have “less meaning", ...
此句屮的most并是不形容词的最高级，而是副词，表示程度“非常”Z意，因此应把前面的the去掉。
3、重复出现的同义词
... practicing the pronunciation of those around us for many more hours per every day than we ever have to spend...
per与every是同义词，重复使用表意累赘，应删去其中乙一。
4、造成语义或逻辑关系矛盾的词语
If no one is suggesting that we return to an aboriginal life, we certainly could use their eating habits as a model for healthy diet.
此句的错误在于从语义上分析本应是肯定的表达却出现了否定词，从而引起了逻辑孑盾，应该去掉no。
三、改词
1、介词
People on city streets watched the yields and the price of wheat in almost as much feeling as if they were growers.
这里的介词需要和feeling搭配，来表示“以……的感情来看待”的意思。在英语中一般用with而不是in。
2、冠词
1）冠词在表示泛指或特指时的误用
Furthermore, the data are also available on the special free telephone number and on videotext systems.
此句中的special free telephone number并不是指貝体的号码，而只是泛指概念，因而它前而的冠词the应改为a。
2）冠词在一些习惯表达法中的误用
If he were not hesitating, it would only last a fraction of the second.
此句的问题在于：a fraction of a second是一种固定表达法，意为"一?瞬间”，因而定冠词the应改为a。
3、代词
代词的误用涉及到所指代名词的单-复数、引导从句的各关系代词的使用是否正确等。
This is “natural", therefore, that our speech-sounds should be those of our immediate circle; ...
此句开头的代词实际上是一个形式主语，后面的that此句才是句子的真正主语。而代词this不能作形式主语，改为代词it才符合英语习惯。
4、连词
几乎每年都有连词谋用的错谋，可见这类词语需要我们特别注意。要辨别出此类错误，必须注意上下文的逻辑关系以及语义、语篇的衔接等。
This is what his body wants to do, therefore his politeness glues his body to the chair and refuses to let him raise.
此句的连接应该表示转折之意，所以应该使用并列连词but o
5、形容词和副词
1）形容词Z间现在分词与过去分词的误用
The hunter-gatherer tribes that today live like our prehistoric human ancestors consume primarily a vegetable diet supplementing with animal foods. Supplementing应改成冇被动含义的supplemented o
2）形容词比较级的误用
If one is suggesting that we return to an aboriginal life, we certainly could use their eating habits as a model for healthier diet.
句中并没有比较的成分，所以healthier应改为healthyo
3）形容词与副词的误用
... they consider the human infant to be genetic programmed in such a way that it can acquire language.
genetic在这里用來修饰programmed,因而应改为副词genetically o
6、动词
1）及物动词与不及物动词的误用
...his politeness glues his body to the chair and refuses to let him raise, （raise 应改为rise）
2）主谓不一致引起的误用
...neither of them have been damaged in any way... （have 改为has）
3）时态错误导致的误用
We begin the "naturaF5 learning of pronunciation long before we start learning to read and write, and in our early years we went on unconsciously imitating and practicing the pronunciation of those around us... （went 改为go）
4）与虚拟语气有关的误用
? ??, biologists now suggest that language be “species specific55 to the human race, ... （be改为is）
7、名词
名词的误用主要指语义相近，容易混淆的词。
Anxious to check inflation and rising life costs, the federal government appointed a board of grain supervisors to deal with deliveries from the crop of 1917 and 1918. life 改为living,因为living costs才是"生活费用”之意。
But size is by no mean a good criterion for distinguishing the grammatical words of English, ... （mean 改为means）
第三章真题解析
2013真题
One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually happens so effortlessly, and, most of time, so accurately. Indeed, when you listen to someone speaking, or looking at this page, you normally cannot help but understand it. It is only in exceptional circumstance we might become aware of the complexity involved: if we are searching for a word but cannot remember it; if a relative or colleague has had a stroke which has influenced their language; if we observe a child acquire language; if we try to learn a second language ourselves as an adult; or 讦 we are visually impaired or hearing-impaired or if we meet anyone else who is. As we shall see, all these examples of what might be called "language is exceptional
circumstances^ revel a great deal about the processes evolving in speaking, listening, writing, and reading ? But given that language processes were normally so automatic, we also need to carry out careful experiments to get at what is happening.
1. 词汇语法 production 一 producing 与understanding 和remembering 是并列结构，与language 组成动宾结构。
2. 语法 去掉 take the language for granted 里面的 the 。
本文并没有具体指定哪一门语言，泛指“语言"，所以不需要the 。
3. 词了匚 most of time 变丿成 most of the time o
“大多数时候”,most of the time 或 most time 。
4. 语法 looking ― look
在when you …结构屮listen to 和or look 并列。
5. 语法 在we might 前面加上that,是It*s only...that 的强调句型。
6. 语法 has had a stroke 改为 had a stroke
虚拟语气，表示与现在的事实相反。
7. 语法 their language 改为 his language
指代句子的主语a relative or colleague,主语是单数，所以用his 。
8. 词汇 anyone 改为 someone
someone else
9. 词汇 evolved - involved
近义词区分：evolve 表示“进化”，involve 才表示"涉及，关于"
10. 语法 were - are
(9)
(10)
2012真题
The central problem of translating has always been whether to trans
late literally or freely. The argument has been going since at least the first (1) ______ century B.C. Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writers
favored certain kind of "free 99 translation: the spirit, not the letter; the sense (2) ____ not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not the manner. This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who wanted the truth to be read and understood. Then in the turn of 19th century, when the study of cultural
anthropology suggested that the linguistic barriers were insuperable and
that the language was entirely the product of culture,
the view translation was impossible gained some currency, and with it that,
(7) _________________________________________________________________ if was attempted at all, it must be as literal as possible. This view (8) ____ culminated the statement of the extreme "literalists^ Walter Benjamin and (9) ______ Vladimir Nobokov. The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, the nature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed.
Too often, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified with each othe 匸 Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains. 2012 年 1. 词汇 2. 词汇 3. 词汇 going A on certain — some 或 A certain —a 或 kind ― kinds rather A than 或 rather - not 4?语法一时态is - was
5. 词汇
6. 语法 in 一 at
去掉the
7.语法…从句 view A that
&语法 9. 词汇
10. 篇章逻删掉 was 或 if /\ was attempted — it culminate A
in/with and ——but/yet/and yet
insuperable [in'suparebsl] adj. A problem that is insuperable cannot be dealt with successfully 不能逾越的，不能克服的；不可逾越
语言障碍是不可逾越的鸿沟。
在大多数情况下，作家、翻译家、读者是互相认同能够理解对方。
⑷ ______
Q) ______________ ⑹一 (10) ____
2011真题
From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knew that when I grew I should be a write 匚 Between the ages of about seventeen and twenty-four (1) _ I tried to abandon this idea, but I did so with the conscience that I was (2) _____________ outraging my true nature and that soon or later I should have to settle down (3) _____ and write books.
I was the middle child of three, but there was a gap of five years on the (4) ________ either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eigh 匸 For this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developed disagreeing mannerisms (5) __________ which made me unpopular throughout my schooldays. I had the lonely childs habit of making up stories and holding conversations with imaginative (6) _ persons, and I think from the very start my literal ambitions were mixed up (7) _____________________ with the feeling of being isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a facility with words and a power of facing in unpleasant facts, and I felt that this (8) __________ created a sort of private world which I could get my own back for my failure (9) ___ in everyday life. Therefore, the volume of serious 一 i.e. seriously intended 一 (10) _ writing which I produced all through my childhood and boyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages. I wrote my first poem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation.
2011 年 grew A 一 up conscience ■一 consciousness/awareness/feeling/knowledge soon sooner on the either side 去掉 the disagreeing 一 disagreeable imaginative —
imaginary literal - literary facing in unpleasant facts 去掉 in A which - in 或 which …where
World 在定语从句中作地点状语，应该用关系副词where,或者用介词in+which 表示地点。 10.篇章逻辑 Therefore,改成 Nevertheless/However/Yet 汇汇汇法汇汇汇汇法 词词词语词词词词语 L23.4.5.6.7O69.
2010年真题
So far as we can tell, all human languages are equally complete and perfect
as instruments of communication: that is, every language appears to be well (1) ____ equipped as any other to say the things their speakers want to say. There may or may not be appropriate to talk about primitive peoples or cultures, but that is another matte 匚 Certainly, not all groups of people are equally competent in nuclear physics or
psychology or the cultivation of rice. Whereas this is not the fault of their language. The Eskimos, it is
said, can speak about snow with 1 further more precision and subtlety than we (5) __ can in English, but this is not because the Eskimo language (one of those sometimes miscalled 'primitive') is inherently more precise and subtle than
English. This example does not come to light a defect in English, a show of ⑹ unexpected 'primitiveness'. The position is simply and obviously that the
Eskimos and the English live in similar environments ? The English language ⑺ will be just as rich in terms for different kinds of snow if the environments (8) _____ in which English was habitually used made such distinction as important. (9) ______ Similarly, we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo language could
be as precise and subtle on the subject of motor manufacture or cricket if
these topics formed the part of the Eskimos 1 life. (10) ___ 2010 年
1 语法 as ...as 结构 be A-as;
2 语法 their —its;
3语法it 作形式主语 There--It;
4语法 连词whereas 一般出现在句中个，不单独成句，表示后一分句对前一分 句的转折 Whereas-But
5语法比较级 further - much/far 或删除further
Further *身是比较级，不能再修饰比较级；只能用much 或fai ?來加强比较的程 度。 6 词汇 come —bring;
比较sth comes to light 某事为人所知
sth brings sth to light 揭露,将 ..... 曝光
similar-different; will —would; make sth adj. as important 去掉 as;
10 the part of 去掉 the
part of sth ...的一部分
2009年真题
The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passes from
one school child to the next and illustrates the further difference (1) ____ between school lore and nursery lore. In nursery lore a verse, learnt in 章法法 篇语语 7 8 9
early childhood, is not usually passed on again when the little listener (2) ______ has grown up, and has children of their own, or even grandchildren. (3) __________ The period between learning a nursery rhyme and transmitting It may
be something from twenty to seventy years. With the playground lore, (4) ________ therefore, a rhyme may be excitedly passed on within the very hour it is (5) _______ learnt; and in the general, it passes between children of the same age, (6) __________ or nearly so, since it is uncommon for the difference in age between playmates to be more than five years. If therefore, a playground rhyme
can be shown to have been cuiTently for a hundred years, or even just (7) _________ for fifty, it follows that it has been retransmitting over and over; very (8) _________ possibly it has passed along a chain of two or three hundred young
hearers and tellers, and the wonder is that it remains live after so much (9) _______ handling, to let alone that it bears resemblance to the original wording?(10) ____
近义词：rhyme, lore
从语篇结构上把握：文章比较了school lore和nursery lore
2009 年
1?语篇the further— a further
下文才论述的差异，所以用不定冠词。
2.语法
3.语法
4.词汇when…until
their—his something…anything
在限定范围内的某一点上something
在限定范围内的某一点上anything
5. 语篇逻辑therefore—however/nevertheless/yet
6.词汇
7.词汇
删掉in the general 中的the currently—-current
Current means happening, being used, or being done at the present time 现时的, 当前的，进行屮的
5.over and over A…again
over and over = over and over again, 只不过后者更加强调。
9.live — alive
10?删掉to let alone 中的to
2008年真题
The desire to use language as a sign of national identity is a
very natural one, and in result language has played a prominent (1)_
part in national moves. Men have often felt the need to cultivate a (2)_
given language to show that they are distinctive from another race (3) __
whose hegemony they resent. At the time the United States split (4)
off from Britain, for example, there were proposals that independence should be linguistically accepted by the use of a (5)_ different language from those of Britain. There was even one (6)_ proposal that Americans should adopt Hebrew? Others favored the adoption of Greek, thought, as one man put it, things would certainly be simpler for Americans if they stuck on to English and (7)
made the British learn Greek. At the end, as everyone knows, the (8)—
two countries adopted the practical and satisfactory solution of carrying with the same language as before. (9)_
Since nearly two hundred years now, they have shown the (10).
world that political independence and national identity can be complete without sacrificing the enormous mutual advantages of a common language.
2008 年
1.答案：in result…in consequence
2.答案：moves—movements
3.答案：distinctive-一distinct/different
4.答案：time A …when
5?答案：accepted— acknowledged/confirmed/realized
6.答案：those…that
7.答案：删去on
6答案：At-In
9.答案：carry A with …on
10.答案：Since…For
From what has been said, it must be clear that no one can make very positive statements about how language originated.
There is no material in any language today and in the earliest (1).
records of ancient languages show us language in a new and (2)_
emerging state. It is often said, of course, that the language (3)
originated in cries of anger, fear, pain and pleasure, and the (4)_
necessary evidence is entirely lacking: there are no remote tribes, no ancient records, providing evidence of a language with a
large proportion of such cries than we find in English. Ti is true that the (5)_ absence of such evidence does not disprove the theory, but in (6) __ other grounds too the theory is not very attractive.
People of all races and languages make rather similar noises in return to pain or pleasure. The fact that such noises are (7)_ similar on the lips of Frenchmen and Malaysians whose languages
are utterly different, serves to emphasize on the fundamental (8)_
difference between these noises and language prope 匚 We may say that the cries of pain or chortles of amusement are largely
reflex actions, instinctive to large extent, whereas language (9)
proper does not consist of signs but of these that have to be learnt (10)_ and that are wholly conventional. 2007 年
1. 答案:
2. 答
案: 3. 5. 6. 7. & 9. 案案案案案案案 答答答答答答答
10. 答案: and 一 or
show 后血添加that 或把show 改成showing 删去the and 一 but/whereas/whi le
large 一 larger
in 一 on return 一 in response/reaction/answer
删去on 增加a
these 一 those
We use language primarily as means of communication with other human beings. Each of us shares with the community in which we live a store of words and meanings as well as agreeing conve (1)_ tions as to the way in which words should be arranged to convey a (2)_ particular message; the English speaker has in his disposal a vocabi 卜 (3)_ lary and a set of
grammatical rules which inables him to communi- (4)_ cate his thoughts and feelings, in a variety of styles, to the other (5)_ English speakers. His vocabulary, in particular, both that which he uses actively and that which he recognizes, increases in size as he grows old, as a result of education and experience. (6)_ But, whether the language store is relatively small or large, the system
remains no more than a psychological reality for the indi ? vidual, unless he has a means of expressing it in terms able to be seen by another member of his linguistic community; he has to give (7)_ the system a concrete transmission fomi ? We take it for granted the (8)_ two most common forms of transmission ——by means of sounds produced by our vocal organs (speech) or by visual signs (writing). And (9)_ these are among most striking of human achievements. (10)
agreeing - agreed A words 一 these in his disposal 一 at his disposal ? enables - enable the other English speakers 一 other English speakers old 一 older seen 一 understood 删去it And - But/Yet/However/Nevertheless most 一 the most 嶷M:、给a:
範
嶷
郭
、给a:
粽 密答答
答答客答答答笞 ........................................... O 1234567891
历年专业八级考试真题：翻译 历年专业八级考试真题：翻译 Opera is expensive: that much is inevitable. But expensive things are inevitably the province（范围）of the rich unless we abdicate（退位、放弃）society’s power of choice. We can choose to make opera and other expensive forms of culture, accessible（易接近的，可达到的）to those who cannot individually pay for it. The question is: why should we? No body denies the imperatives（必要的）of food, shelter, defence, health and education. But even in a prehistoric cave, man-kind stretched out a hand of not just to eat, drink or fight, but also to draw. The impulse（冲动）towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation（表述、陈述）is fundamental. In Europe, this desire has found fulfillment（完成、成就）in the masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre. These masterpieces are the touchstones （标准、试金石）for all our efforts; they are the touchstones for the possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire（立志、追求目标、渴望）; they carry the most profound （深厚的、深刻的）messages that can be sent from one human to another. 参考译文： 欣赏歌剧是一种奢侈：你必须为此支付昂贵的票价。然而，享用昂贵的东西并不完全是富人的特权，除非我们放弃社会选择的权利。我们有权利使歌剧和其他昂贵的文化形式面向大众，面向那些个人没有支
专业英语八级改错练习题及答案解析(30) Why does the idea of progress loom so large in the modern world? Surely because progress of particular kind is actually taking place around us and is more and more manifesting. Although mankind has undergone no general improvement in intelligence or morality, it has made extraordinary progress in the accumulation of knowledge. Knowledge begins to increase as soon as the thoughts of one individual could be communicated to another by mean of speech. With the invention of writing, knowledge could be communicated and stored. Libraries made education possible, and education in turn added libraries: the growth of knowledge followed a kind of compound-interest law, which was greatly enhanced by the invention of printing. All this was comparatively slow until, with the coming of science, the tempo was suddenly risen. Then knowledge began to be accumulated according to a systematic plan.However, as soon as new knowledge is acquired, it is now turned to practical account. What is called “modern civilization” is not the result of a balanced development of all man’s nature, but not of accumulated knowledge applied to practical life. The problem now facing humanity is: What is going to be done with all this knowledge? Like is often pointed out, knowledge is a two edged weapon which could be used equally for good or evil. It is now being frequently used indifferently for both. Could any spectacle, for instance, be more grimly whimsical than that gunners using science to shatter men’s bodies while, clo se at hand, surgeons use it to restore them. 1 ________ 2 ________ 3 ________ 4 ________ 5 ________ 6 ________ 7 ________ 8 ________ 9 ________ 10 _______
QUESTION BOOKLET 试卷 用后随即销毁。 严禁保留、出版或复印。 TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2018) -GRADE EIGHT TIME LIMIIT: 150 MIN PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN] SECTION A MINI-LECTURE You have THIRTY sec onds to preview the gap-filli ng task. Now liste n to the min i-lecture. When it is over, you will be give n THREE mi nu tes to check your work. SECTION B INTERVIEW In this secti on you will hear ONE in terview. The in terview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questi ons will be asked about what was said. Both the in terview and the questi ons will be spoke n ONCE ONL Y. After each questio n there will be a ten-sec ond pause. Duri ng the pause, you should read the four choices of A), B), C) and D), and mark the best an swer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY sec onds to preview the choices. Now, liste n to the first in terview. Questi ons 1 to 5 are based on Part One of the in terview. Now liste n to the in terview. A. Announ ceme nt of results.
2003年12月全国英语专业八级口试参考答案 1. We’ve published some very impressive articles, each month somehow surpassing the quality and depth of the previous month’s edition. 2. Our creative and talented staff won five writing awards and seven photographic awards. This year some 119,000 people subscribed to our magazine. 3. About six years ago we had an idea for a nature-oriented magazine, but we all had doubts about the general acceptance of the idea, whether there would be enough interest from people to sustain us. 4. Today, it’s a wonderful feeling to know that we have succeeded, and everyone here shares the credit for making this magazine what it has become. 5. While it is a formidable task for us all, I’m sure that next year at this time we’ll have more awards, and more subscribers, and feel an even greater sense of accomplishment and fulfillment. 1. 会议期间，来自不同国家和地区的专家、学者畅所欲言、各抒己见，积极为搞好老城保护和更新献计献策。(10%) During the meeting, the experts and scholar from different countries and areas speak out their minds and offer suggestions to help the ancient city preserve and renew. 2. 在此，我代表市委、市政府对各位专家的辛勤劳动表示衷心的感谢。(10%) Here, on behalf of Municipal Committee and Municipal Government, I would express my sincere thanks to every hardworking expert. 3．龙城是座古老而美丽的城市，已有2500年的建城史，是国务院公布的首批历史文化名城。(10%) Longcheng, an ancient and beautiful city, has had 2, 500 years’ history, being one of the first batch of historical and cultural cities which the State Council announced. 4. 这座城市最大的特色在于它有丰厚的文化内涵，其中精髓在老城。(10%) The greatest characteristic of this city is its rich cultural connotations, and its essence is in the ancient city. 5、这是前人留给我们的遗产，是一笔宝贵的资源，她属于龙城、属于中国、属于世界。(10%) This is the heritage from our ancestors and precious resources. She belongs to Longcheng, to China, even to all over the world. 2006年度全国英语专业八级口试参考答案及评分标准 English-Chinese: 1. Today, in almost every industry in almost every part of the world there are many examples of enterprises applying information technology to increase their competitiveness. 如今，几乎在世界上每个地方、每个行业，都有许多将信息技术用于提高企业竞争力的例子。 2. I think we’re seeing this technology reach the point that all transformational technologies r each when they are no longer controlled by just a small group of skilled professionals. 我认为，这种技术正在到达所有转变性技术都会达到的阶段，一个不再只被一小群专业人士所控制的阶段。 3. Networking technology is still in its infancy, yet it has already reached the point where we can call it a new mass medium. 虽然网络技术还处于初级阶段，但是它已经达到了一个阶段，可以被称为新的大众媒体。 4. Less than 5 years after the birth of the Internet, some 90 million people are online around the world, and that number will soon be hundreds of millions.
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2009) -GRADE EIGHT- TIME LIMIT: 195 MIN PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN) TEXT A We had been wanting to expand our children's horizons by taking them to a place that was unlike anything we'd been exposed to during our travels in Europe and the United States. In thinking about what was possible from Geneva, where we are based, we decided on a trip to Istanbul, a two-hour plane ride from Zurich. We envisioned the trip as a prelude to more exotic ones, perhaps to New Delhi or Bangkok later this year, but thought our 11- and 13-year-olds needed a first step away from manicured boulevards and pristine monuments. What we didn't foresee was the reaction of friends, who warned that we were putting our children "in danger," referring vaguely, and most incorrectly, to disease, terrorism or just the unknown. To help us get acquainted with the peculiarities of Istanbul and to give our children a chance to choose what they were particularly interested in seeing, we bought an excellent guidebook and read it thoroughly before leaving. Friendly warnings didn't change our planning, although we might have more prudently checked with the U.S. State Department's list of troublespots. We didn't see a lot of children among the foreign visitors during our six-day stay in Istanbul, but we found the tourist areas quite safe, very interesting and varied enough even to suit our son, whose oft-repeated request is that we not see "every single" church and museum in a given city. Vaccinations weren't needed for the city, but we were concemed about adapting to the water for a short stay. So we used bottled water for drinking and brushing our teeth, a precaution that may seem excessive, but we all stayed healthy. Taking the advice of a friend, we booked a hotel a 20-minute walk from most of Istanbul's major tourist sites. This not only got us some morning exercise, strolling over the Karakoy Bridge, but took us past a colorful assortment of fishermen, vendors and shoe shiners. From a teenager and pre-teen's view, Istanbul street life is fascinating since almost everything can be bought outdoors. They were at a good age to spend time wandering the labyrinth of the Spice Bazaar, where shops display mounds of pungent herbs in sacks. Doing this with younger children would be harder simply because the streets are so packed with people; it would be easy to get lost. For our two, whose buying experience consisted of department stores and shopping mall boutiques, it was amazing to discover that you could bargain over price and perhaps end up with two of something for the price of one. They also learned to figure out the relative value of the Turkish lira, not a small matter with its many zeros. Being exposed to Islam was an important part of our trip. Visiting the mosques, especially the enormous Blue Mosque, was our first glimpse into how this major religion is practiced. Our children's curiosity already had been piqued by the five daily calls to prayer over loudspeakers in every corner of the city, and the scarves covering the heads of many women. Navigating meals can be troublesome with children, but a kebab, bought on the street or in restaurants, was unfailingly popular. Since we had decided this trip was not for gourmets, kebabs spared us the agony of trying to find a restaurant each day that would suit the adults' desire to try something new amid children's insistence that the food be served immediately. Gradually, we
英语专业八级改错练习题及答案解析 About half of the infant and maternal deaths in developing countries could be avoided if women had used family planning methods to prevent high risk ____1____ pregnancies, according to a report publishing recently by the Johns Hopking ____2____ University. The report indicates that 5.6 million infant deaths and 2,000,000 maternal Deaths could be prevented this year if women chose to have theirs children ____3____ within the safest years with adequate intervals among births and limited their ____4____ families to moderate size. This amounts to about half of the 9.8 million infant and 370.000 maternal deaths in developing countries, excluded China, estimated for this year by ____5____ the United Nation’s Children’s Fund and the US Centers for Disease Control respectably. China was excluded because very few births occur in the high ____6____
1996年高等院校英语专业八级考试 https://www.doczj.com/doc/8a4135230.html,/tem8/tem-8-96translation.htm C-E原文： 近读报纸，对国内名片和请柬的议论颇多，于是想起客居巴黎时经常见到的法国人手中的名片和请柬，随笔记下来，似乎不无借鉴之处。 在巴黎，名目繁多的酒会，冷餐会是广交朋友的好机会。在这种场合陌生人相识，如果是亚洲人，他们往往开口之前先毕恭毕敬地用双手把自己的名片呈递给对方，这好像是不可缺少的礼节。然而，法国人一般却都不大主动递送名片，双方见面寒暄几句，甚至海阔天空地聊一番也就各自走开，只有当双方谈话投机，希望继续交往时，才会主动掏出名片。二话不说先递名片反倒显得有些勉强。 法国人的名片讲究朴素大方，印制精美，但很少有镶金边儿的，闪光多彩的或带香味的，名片上的字体纤细秀丽，本人的名字也不过分突出，整张纸片上空白很大，毫无拥挤不堪的感觉。 参考译文： Version 1: In reading recent newspapers, I have come to find that people in China have become more and more interested in discussing name cards and invitation letters. This reminds me of the name cards and invitation
letters of the French people that I saw when I was sojourning in Paris. In writing down those random reminiscences, I believe that they might provide some useful information for us to learn. In Paris, cocktail parties and buffet receptions of different kinds offer great opportunities for making friends. On such occasions, strangers may get to know each other. If they are Asians, they will, very respectfully and with both hands, present their calling cards to their interlocutors before any conversation starts. This seems to be the required courtesy on their part. The French, however, usually are not so ready with such a formality. Both sides will greet each other, and even chat casually about any topic and then excuse themselves. Only when they find they like each other and hope to further the relationship will they exchange cards. It will seem very unnatural to do so before any real conversation gets under way. The French tend to take extraordinary precaution in making their name cards, simple yet elegant. Exquisitely designed and printed, their name cards are seldom golden-framed, or colorfully shiny, or tinted with fragrant smells. The letters which appearing on their name cards tend to be diminutive but beautiful, not allowing the name of the card-bearer t be overly prominent / salient. The entire card leaves much empty space, imparting no sense of over-crowdedness.
2009 （文化差异/文化遗产的保留） Mandarin, or putonghua, is the standard service sector language in our country. But recently, employees at a big city's subway station have been busy learning dialects of other parts of the country. Proponents say that using dialects in the subway is a way to provide better service. But opponents think that encouraging the use of dialects in public counter s the national policy to promote putonghua. What is your opinion? Write an essay of about 400 words on the following topic: Are Dialects Just as Acceptable in Public Places? 2008 （教育） In a few months' time you are going to graduate from university. How do you think your college years have prepared you for your future life? Write an essay of about 400 words on the following topic: What I have learned from my years at university 2007 （朋友） Some people think that financial disparity affects friendship. What do you think? Write an essay of about 400 words. You should supply an appropriate title for your essays. 2006 （建议/野心） Joseph Epstein, a famous American writer, once said, "We decide what is important and what is trivial in life we decide that what makes us significant is either what we do or what we refuse to do but no matter how indifferent the universe may be to our choices and decisions, these choices and decisions are ours to make. We decide. We choose. And as we decide and choose, so are our lives formed. In the end, forming our own destiny is what ambition is about do you agree or disagree with him? Write an essay of about 400 words entitled: Ambition 2005 （工作） Interview is frequently used by employers as a means to recruit prospective employees. As a result, there have been many arguments for or against the interview as a selection procedure. What is your opinion? Write an essay of about 400 words to state your view. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay. 2004 （校园学习重要） It was reported in the press some time ago that a few second-and third-year students in a provincial university decided to try their hands at business in order to get prepared for the future. They opened six small shops near their university. Their teachers and classmates had different opinions about this phenomenon. Some thought that the students' business experience would help them adapt better to society after graduation, while others held a negative view, saying that running shops might occupy too much of the students' time and energy which should otherwise be devoted to their academic study. What do you think?
英语专业八级改错模拟练习及解析1 英语专业八级改错模拟练习及解析1英语专业八级改错模拟练习及解析1it can be tempt to hide from the people, places and tasks (1) which make life stressful. by removing you from the situa- (2) tion, it' s possible to find immediate relief-- and these sources (3) of stress will never go away unless we confront against them (4) being haunted by these stressors means that we can' t be re- laxed in the case the sources of stress return. (5) if avoiding stress triggers isn't such a good technique of dealing with stress, then what is? life experience teaches us (6) that whenever we need to master a new skill-- learning to swim, giving a public presentation, taking risks in front of others--it pays to take a deep breath, perhaps grit our teeth,
2003年英语专业八级考试真题 PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (40 MIN) In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet SECTION A TALK Questions I to 5 refer to the talk in this section. At the end of the talk you will be given 15 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the talk. 1. Which of the following statements about offices is NOT true according to the talk? A. Offices throughout the world are basically alike. B. There are primarily two kinds of office layout. C. Office surroundings used to depend on company size. D. Office atmosphere influences workers’ performance. 2. We can infer from the talk that harmonious work relations may have a direct impact on your A. promotion. B. colleagues. C. management. D. union. 3. Supposing you were working in a small firm, which of the
2004—2014历年专业英语八作文题归纳 PARTVI WRITING (45 MIN) 2014 Nowadays, some companies have work-from-home or remote working policies, which means that their employees do not have to commute to work every day. Some people think that this can save a lot of time travelling to and from work, thus raising employees’productivity. However, others argue that in the workplace, people can communicate face to face, which vastly increases the efficiency of coordination and cooperation. What is your opinion? Write an essay of about 400 words on the following topic： 2013 Is our society hostile to good people? According to a recent survey by China Y outh Daily，76.1 percent of the respondents say that our current society provides a “bad environment" for good people doing good things．On the other hand，the more optimistic would argue that each individual should try his or her best to do good things and be nice to others, instead of waiting for the "social environment”to improve．So，what do you think? Is a sound social environment necessary for people to have high moral standards and be good to others? Write an essay of about 400 words on the following topic： Is a sound social environment necessary for people to be good to others? 2012 A recent survey of 2,000 college students asked about their attitudes