任务型阅读之还原句子
Fires do happen. If there is a fire, you might not have much time to decide what to do. Being prepared and knowing what to do early can save your life. ____1____Your family should practice this getting-out plan. ____2____ If you have such a meeting place outside, you can quickly make sure that everyone is out of the house.
You should also remember that smoke is usually far more dangerous than the fire. A person
can die after just a few minutes in a smoke filled room. ___3____
Finally, before you open any doors, always feel the door lock first. If the door lock is hot, fire must be on the other side of the door. ___4___ You will have to find another way out. These are simple suggestions. ____5____
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中,主要讲述如何在火灾中自救的方法。
1. B 【解析】根据Your family should practice this getting-out plan“你的家人应该练习这个逃走
的计划”中的this可知,上文中必须要出现getting-out plan,“最重要的事情就是要有一个逃走计划”,故选B。
2. A 【解析】根据If you have such a meeting place outside, you can quickly make sure that everyone
is out of the house“如果你在外面有一个这样的集合地点,你就能确认每个人都出了房子”中的“such a meeting place”可知,空处应填“你的家人应该在外面有一个集合地点”,故选A。
3. C 【解析】根据You should also remember that smoke is usually far more dangerous than the fire.
A person can die after just a few minutes in a smoke filled room“你应该记得烟通常比火
更加危险,在一个充满烟的房间一个人几分钟后就会死去”可知,本段主要讲述烟的危害,并讲述如何避免烟造成的危害,即“因为烟是上升的,所以要保持低到地面”,故选C。
4. F 【解析】根据If the door lock is hot, fire must be on the other side of the door“如果门
锁是热的,火一定在们的另一边”以及You will have to find another way out“你将不得不找另一个路出去”可知,空处表示“不准开门”,故选F。
5. E 【解析】根据These are simple suggestions“这些都是简单的建议”中的these可知,空处表达“如果你能记住他们,在火灾中你就会更安全”,故选E。
How much physical activity do you do in a week? Are you getting enough exercise?___1___For example, people who exercise regularly are less likely to suffer from many diseases. Regular exercise reduces the risk of early death by 30%.It also improves your sleep quality.
Today, most adults are much less active than in the past because our jobs are far less physical than the work our grandparents used to do.___2___ This lack of regular physical activity means people burn fewer calories than in the past, so we need to do something to consume (消耗)our energy. Experts think adults need to do 2.5 hours of moderate exercise per week.____3____ Exercise can be expensive, but it doesn't have to be. Team sports such as football can be cheap because all the players share the cost of the field.___4___ It can also be very social.
If you don't want to spend any money, try one of the following activities. Go for a run. The only equipment you need is a pair of running shoes. If you take the bus, try getting off one stop early and walking the extra distance. Go to the park.____5____You can play different kinds of games there. This is a great way to involve family members and friends.
In short, there are many easy ways of keeping fit. If we all recognize the value of doing this, we will live longer and be healthier.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】这篇短文主要是鼓励人们运动并对如何运动提出了建议。
1. C 【解析】根据下文For example, people who exercise regularly are less likely to suffer from
many diseases. Regular exercise reduces the risk of early death by 30%.It also improves
your sleep quality.可知上文是有规律的活动在许多方面对你的健康有益。故选C。
2. F 【解析】根据下文This lack of regular physical activity means people burn fewer calories than
in the past, so we need to do something to consume (消耗)our energy.可知上文是每天我们许多人花费7个小时或更多仅仅坐在一个椅子上。故选F。
3. B 【解析】根据上文Experts think adults need to do 2.5 hours of moderate exercise per week.
可知下文这能快走或在平地上骑自行车。故选B。
4. E 【解析】根据上文Team sports such as football can be cheap because all the players share the
cost of the field可知下文是加入一个足球俱乐部是锻炼的一个便宜的方式。故选E。
5. A 【解析】根据下文You can play different kinds of games there. This is a great way to involve family members and friends.可知上文是尝试和家人或朋友一起去。故选A。
A proverb is a short, well-known saying that expresses a common truth or belief. Proverbs are
found in most cultures and are often very old.
In American history, Benjamin Franklin was a scientist, inventor and writer as well as a leader of the American Revolution. _____1_____
Franklin wrote a book called “Poor Richard’s Almanac”.___2___ Some of them are still used today, like this one: “Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.”
Franklin is also remembered for other proverbs like, “A penny saved is a penny earned.”___3___
Here are other examples of proverbs that Americans use. The first ones are about love. Some people say, “All is fair in love and war.” They mean that anything you do in a relationship or in battle is acceptable.
___4___In other words, when you are in love with someone, you may refuse to see anything bad about that person.
Here is another popular saying about love: “The way to a man’s heart is through his stomach.” Some people believe that a woman can win a man’s love if she prepares his favorite foods.“_____5_____” This prove rb is true in love and war or other situations. It means that what you do is more important than what you say.
We have to stop here
so we must say, “All good things must come to an end.”
A. Actions speak louder than words.
B. Another proverb says “Love is blind.”
C. He was also famous for his proverbs.
D. This means that money should not be wasted.
E. He included many proverbs that he had heard or created.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】该阅读材料属于说明文,本文向大家介绍了一些美国的谚语和格言。
1. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据上文的句子In American history, Benjamin Franklin was a scientist,
inventor and writer as well as a leader of the American Revolution. 在美国历史上,本杰明富兰克林是一位科学家、发明家和作家,同时也是美国革命的领导者。可知,下文应该是对Franklin 的进一步介绍。结合所给的选项可知,选择He was also famous for his proverbs. 他也因他的谚语而出名。符合语境。故选C。
2. E 【解析】细节理解题。由后一句中"Some of them are still used today…"可知,此处应连接上下文,
对《可怜的理查德年历》中所出现的谚语格言进行描述。结合所给的选项可知,选择He included many proverbs that he had heard or created. 他包括许多他听到或创造的谚语。符合语境。故选E。
3. D 【解析】细节理解题。由前文中“A penny saved is a penny earned. ”可知,此处应是对谚语的进
一步解释。结合所给的选项可知,选择This means that money should not be wasted. 这意味着钱不应该浪费。符合语境。故选D。
4. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据下文的句子In other words, when you are in love with someone, you
may refuse to see anything bad about that person. 换句话说,当你爱上某人时,你可能会拒绝看到他有什么不好的一面。可知,下文应该提到有关“爱”的谚语。结合所给的选项可知,选择Another proverb says “Love is blind.”另一句谚语说“爱是盲目的”。符合语境。故选B。
5. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据下文的句子This proverb is true in love and war or other situations.
It means that what you do is more important than what you say. 这句谚语在爱情、战争或其他情况下是正确的。这意味着你所做的比你所说的更重要。可知,上文应该提到有关“行动”方面的谚语。结合所给的选项可知,选择Actions speak louder than words. 行动胜于雄辩。符合语境。故选A。
It's easy to tell someone good news, but what about bad news? Are there any good ways to give bad news without making people too upset? _____1_____
★Say something good Try to start the conversation with something good so that what you say is not all bad. For example, "I know you play soccer very well, but we only need one teammate." Or you may end the conversation with a promise." ____2____ "
★Prepare your listener for the news Use words to introduce what you' re going to say, like"I'm really sorry, but..."or "I'm afraid I've got some bad news." _____3_____
★Try to give a reason. ____4____Try to explain the decision: if you have to cancel a trip with friends, can you explain why?
★_____5_____If you' re giving someone bad news, try to use a soft friendly voice to make you sound kind. Say things to show you understand, like "I'm really sorry. I know this must be disappointing."
根据短文内容,将下面方框内的句子还原到文中空白处,使短文内容完整、通顺（每个选项只能用一次）。
A. I'm sure you will join us in the next game
B. The following ways might help
C. Use a soft friendly voice
D. This gives the listener time to prepare for what you will say
E. People like to know why things go wrong
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中,主要讲述如何将不好的消息告诉对方的方法。
1. B 【解析】根据It's easy to tell someone good news, but what about bad news? Are there any good
ways to give bad news without making people too upset“告诉其他人好消息容易,但是坏消息呢？有没有好的方法可以在不让人太沮丧的情况下告诉别人坏消息呢？”可知,空处表示“下面的方法可能会帮助你”,故选B。
2. A 【解析】根据Or you may end the conversation with a promise“或者你可以用一个承诺结束对话”
可知,可以说“我相信你会参加下一场比赛”。故选A。
3. D 【解析】根据Use words to introduce what you' re going to say, like"I'm really sorry, but..."or
"I'm afraid I' ve got some bad news“用词来介绍你要说的话,比如"我真的很抱歉,但是…"或者"我恐怕我有一些坏消息”可知,这会给听众准备你将要说的话,故选D。
4. E 【解析】根据Try to give a reason“尝试给一个理由”可知,人们喜欢知道什么会出错,故填E。
5. C 【解析】根据If you' re giving someone bad news, try to use a soft friendly voice to make you sound kind“如果你给某个人坏消息,尝试着用柔和的、友好的声音来让你听起来很友好”可知,要使用柔和的友好的声音,故选C。
阅读短文及文后A~E选项,选出可以填入46~50各题空白处的最佳选项。
Smoke alarms(报警器)
House fires cause many deaths each year and a large number of these fires are unfortunately set by children.___1___Kids must understand that they’d better not play with fire. You should keep matches and lighters out of their reach.
___2___ The main job of such an alarm is to protect you while you're asleep. You should have a smoke alarm outside each bedroom and on each floor of your home. You ought to have two plans for getting out of your house if there is a fire and practise these plans in the dark with your family.
A smoke alarm warns you of the danger. ___3___Take action immediately. When you come to a closed door, check it with the back of your hand. If it feels hot, there may be smoke or fire behind the door, so take care. Once you are out of your house, call the fire department from a neighbor's house. If a family member or a pet is caught inside, you shouldn’t go back in. Firemen know how to perform rescues safely.
___4___ Change the batteries at least once a year. You should use the test button each month to see if the alarm and batteries are still working. A smoke alarm lasts about ten years. You ought to change it even if it seems to be working.
About two out of three fire deaths happen in homes with no working smoke alarms.___5___
A. Most of these deaths can be avoided
B. But when you hear it, you don t have much time
C. A smoke alarm is only good if it's working properly
D. So, it's important to teach them that fire is a tool, not a toy
E. A smoke alarm greatly reduces your chances of being hurt in a fire
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】房屋火灾每年都造成很多人死亡,并且很多火灾都是有儿童引起的,因此有必要教给孩子们不要玩火。为了以防万一,家里可以安装烟雾报警器,它能大大减少火灾中受伤的可能性。这篇短文对使用烟雾报警器给了我们一些建议。
1. D空前这句话House fires cause many deaths each year and a large number of these fires are
unfortunately set by children.提到“很多火灾都是由孩子们引起的”；空格后Kids must understand that they’d better not play with fire提到“孩子们最好不要玩火”,前后为因果关系,因此这里应起到承接上文,并引出文章主题的作用,故应选D,意为“因此教给他们火是工具,而不是玩具是很重要的”。
2. E下句话The main job of such an alarm is to protect you while you're asleep提到了烟雾报警
器的作用,这个空位于该段的第一句话,应该是对整段内容的概括,故应选E,意为“烟雾报警器大大降低了你在火灾中受伤的可能性”。
3. B根据空格前A smoke alarm warns you of the danger.可知,烟雾报警器可以警告我们有危险；空格
后的这句话Take action immediately.要我们马上采取行动,因此当你听到烟雾报警器响的时候,逃离的时间就不多了,故应选B,与空后形成因果关系。
4. C根据这一段的内容Change the batteries at least once a year. You should use the test button
each month to see if the alarm and batteries are still working.可知,这一段中告诉我们要注意更换烟雾报警器的电池,每个月应使用测试按钮,看看报警器和电池是否还在工作。故这一段是想告诉我们烟雾报警器只有在正常工作时才是管用的。故应选C。
5. A空格前About two out of three fire deaths happen in homes with no working smoke alarms提到,大约有三分之二的火灾死亡事件都是由于没有烟雾报警器,A选项中的these deaths呼应了上句话的内容,故应选A,意为“大多数死亡案例是可以避免的”。
The Internet is shaping our Lives. We already have online shopping services and mobile payment. However, this is just a start. The world’s leading tech companies are planning to build smarter
online communities. ___1___It was held in Wuzhen, Zhejiang last year. The development of artificial intelligence（AI,人工智能）was a hot topic at the conference（会议）．If a machine can learn and solve problems as humans do, it can be called AI.
The company Alibaha uses AI technology in its unmanned supermarket inWuzhen. Here is no salesperson in the supermarket, just a tablet on a desk that says “please smile”.___2___The bigger your smile is, the more discounts (折扣) you will get. Payment is done automatically（自动地）through your Alipay（支付宝）account. When you first enter the supermarket, the supermarket's AI recognizes your face and your account.
There is also AI that can read lips. ___3___It recognizes your mouth's movements and turns them into voices or text messages. This could be very useful when you are trying to talk to someone on your phone in a noisy place. Police could also use the technology to help them find criminal suspects by lip-reading recordings from video cameras.
___4___Microsoft's chatbot XiaoIce can not only provide useful information, but also chat with people like a real friend. XiaoIce has a WeChat account. After following the account, users can start talking with her.___5___She keeps improving herself by talking with users.
These technologies are being put into wider use. We may see a smarter world and better lives in the near future.
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】互联网正在塑造我们的生活,我们已经有了网上购物服务和手机支付。然而这只是一个开始。世界领先的科技公司正计划建立更智能的在线社区。短文介绍了人工智能给我们的生活带来的便利和好处。
1. B句意：他们在世界互联网会议上讨论了这个问题。
【解析】根据下文中的句子“It was held in Wuzhen, Zhejiang last year. The development of artificial intelligence（AI,人工智能）was a hot topic at the conference（会议）.”它去年在
浙江乌镇举行。人工智能的发展是会议上的一个热门话题。因此本句提到世界互联网会议,答案为B。2. D句意：如果你微笑,它会给你的商品一个特别的折扣。
【解析】根据下文中的句子“The bigger your smile is, the more discounts (折扣) you will get.”
你的笑容越大,折扣就越多。因此本句说微笑会使你购买的商品得到优惠,故答案为D。
3. C句意：搜狗把它的唇读系统带到了会议上。
【解析】根据后面的句子It recognizes your mouth's movements and turns them into voices or text messages. This could be very useful when you are trying to talk to someone on your phone in
a noisy place. 它能识别你的嘴的运动,并把它们变成声音或短信。当你试图在嘈杂的地方用手机和某
人交谈时,这可能非常有用。因此本句提到“唇读系统”,后面是解释它的功能。故答案为C。
4. E句意：另一种人工智能专注于理解人类情感。
【解析】结合下面的句子“Microsoft's chatbot XiaoIce can not only provide useful information, but also chat with people like a real friend.”微软的聊天机器人“XiaoIce”不仅能提供有用的信息,还能像真正的朋友一样与人聊天。说明这类智能机器人能理解人类的情感,与人沟通。故此句说“另一种人工智能专注于理解人类情感”。答案为E。
5. A句意：她知道什么时候安慰你或讲笑话。
【解析】结合上下文中的句子“After following the account, users can start talking with her. She keeps improving herself by talking with users.”可知,聊天机器人“XiaoIce”也有微信账号,能与用户聊天,知道何时安慰用户或讲笑话,通过与用户交谈不断提高自己。故答案为A。
阅读理解整体分析 选材 ①阅读材料通常在150~250词之间 ②选材广泛,具有浓厚的时代气息 ③阅读语段生动活泼,语句富子变化 命题原则 ①要求考生既能理解具体的事实,也能理解抽象的概念; ②要求考生既能理解文章的表层意思,也能理解文章的深层含义; ③要求考生既能理解某句、某段的意思,也能理解全篇的逻辑关系; 中考阅读理解的应试策略 在解答阅读理解题时,要根据如下步骤进行解题。 1.浏览问题明确要求 先了解文章后面所要解决的问题再去看文章,能使思路更加清晰,做到心中有数。 2.略读全文,了解梗概 略读就是在尽可能短的时间内把握文章或段落的内容,略读时要特别注意主题。 3.通读寻读猎取信息 寻读时可把与答题无关的内容一扫而过,而与答题有关的重要信息要认真读。 4逐条分析,对号入座 即把寻读时所获得的信息与答题要求结合起来,逐条进行分析,对号人座。 5.复读全文,验证答案 再次仔细阅读全文,进一步加深对文章的理解,核实所选内容是否正确。 阅读理解不同题型解题技巧 基于不同的考查目的,阅读理解题通常可分类为“细节理解题”“主且大意题”“词义猜测题”与“推理判断题”,不同的考查目的,会有不同的设题特点可使用不同的解题技巧。 一、细节理解题解题技巧 细节理解题主要是考查who, what, which, when, where等文章细节些细节理解题比较简单,只需浏览文中所叙述的事实或细节,就可以作答。 但一些细节理解题则需要通过语句的同义或反义转换来考查学生对英语的理解能力,对文中个别难词、关键词、词组或句子作出解释或需要对有关的上下文提供的语境和信息、甚至对整篇文章的内容建立准确、立体的理解和判断。这些题的难度较大解答细节理解题时,要先看题于,然后带着问题读文章。同学们做这类题时可以边读边做记号,加强阅读的针对性提高做题的准确率, 1.语义转换题一跳读查找法。语义转换题通常考查对某句话或某几包话的理解，可根据题干内容从原文中找到相关句子,然后进行比较和分析,并确定最佳答案运用跳读查找法时,要特别注意试题及其选项与原文之间的语义变换,如同义变换、概念解析、归纳事实等 2.生活应用题一常识理解法。生活应用题要求学生在读懂文章的基础上结合定的生活常识进行判断。但有些时候,一些常识性判断题,甚至只看题干,就可选出最佳答案。 3.细节排序题一首尾定位法。这种试题要求学生根据动作发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系,找出事件发生的正确顺序,做此类题时可采用“首尾定位第一个动作和最后一个动作,迅速缩小选择范围,从而快速选出正确答案 4.寻找值息题一干定位法。快速寻找信息题一般为功能阅读题,主要形式有广告、公告、演出信息、航班时间表、购物就餐等,做这类题时没有必要阅读全文,直采用“题干定位法,根据题干要求,直接从表格中查找相关信息
句子还原专项练习 （培优） American school begins in September after a long summer holiday. 1 The first term is from September to January, and the second term is from February to June. 2 Most students are seventeen or eighteen years old when they finish high school. 3 They usually go to the same class every day, and they have homework for every class. After class,. 4 . After high school ,many students go to college(大学).They usually have to pay(付款)a lot of money. So, 5 . 2 This is my beautiful home. There is a small garden in front of my house. 1 Behind my house there is a big tree .Near the tree, you can see a garage(车库). 2 On the first floor, there is a large living room, a dining room, a kitchen and a bathroom. 3 On the second floor, there is a small study room and two bedrooms, 4 What a nice home! 5 There are four people in my family. Every day my parents are very busy trying to make money. 1 They hardly （几乎不）say “I love you” or send flowers to each other. 2 It’s easy for him to lose his temper (脾气) from the hard
2018年中考英语阅读理解（还原短文题） （1） A hobby can be almost anything that a person likes to do in his spare time. Hobbyists raise pets, watch birds, paint pictures, play the piano and grow flowers. 66 They collect everything from books to butterflies and from boxes to stamps. People take up hobbies because these activities offer enjoyment, friendship and relaxation. Hobbies help people relax after a long time of hard work, and provide a balance (平衡) between work and play. Hobbies offer interesting activities for the old. Some hobbies can make a child grow as a person, develop his interest and help him learn new skills. 67 Doctors have found that hobbies are useful in helping patients (病人) recover (恢复) from illness. Hobbies give patients who can’t move around something to do, and provide interests that keep them from thinking about themselves. Many hospitals treat (治疗) patients by having them take up interesting hobbies. 68 In early times, most people were too busy making a living to have many hobbies. But some persons who had spare time did enjoy hobbies. 69 People today have more time than ever before for hobbies. Machines have now reduced much time that people must spend on their jobs. 70 Those who have developed hobbies never need to worry about what to do with their newly-found free time hours. Sir William Osler, a famous Canadian doctor expressed the value (价值) of hobbies by saying, “No man is really happy or safe without a hobby.” 请根据以上内容，从下列五个选项中选择适当的句子还原到短文中，使短文完整与正确。将其标号在答题卡上涂黑。（每小题2分，共10分）
句子还原专练 A （理解难度★★☆☆☆，试题难度★★★★☆） If you want to learn a new language, the very first thing to think about is why. 1 Or perhaps you’re interested in the books, films, or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a good knowledge of the language. Most people learn best in their own ways, but traditional classes are an ideal (理想的) start for many people. 2 It truly takes time to learn a language. You will have more success if you study more often, so try to develop a routine (例行程序). 3 Many people may think they’re so old that they give up learning a language. Yes, children do learn languages more quickly than adults, but research showed that you can learn a language at any age. 4 Learning a new language is never easy. 5 And you’ll be amazed by the praise of some people when you say just a few words in their own language. Good luck! 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整。 A. Do you learn it for your job or your studies? B. It doesn’t matter if you ca n’t got long enough time. C. And learning is good for the health of your brain, too. D. They provide an environment to practice with the teacher’s help. E. But the more hard work you do, the more progress you will make. 1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____ 4. _____ 5. _____ B （理解难度★★★☆☆，试题难度★★☆☆☆） It is said that the eyes are the windows of our soul. 6 Your eyes need everyday attention. First, you have to pay more attention to what you eat every day. 7 Besides, a regular amount of vitamins A and B2 should also be taken. Second, you must have a regular and sound sleep. 8 Sleep can help the body to repair
阅读短文还原句子的文章一般为200—250词左右，设空位置一般为三种：段首、段尾和段中。根据历年真题的考查可看出考题中段中设空最多，段尾次之，段首最少。其主要考查： 1. 学生能理解故事情节和事件发展顺序。 2. 学生能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。 二、满分技巧 1. 解题步骤 （1）读选项，画关键词，暗排序。 （2）读文章，找逻辑，抓过渡词。 （3）先易后难来解题。 （4）回读文章定答案。 2. 得分技巧 （1）抓住过渡词，看住上下句。 （2）盯紧横线的前后词语。 通过学生对这类题型的解题步骤、思路及技巧的练习和实践，可总结出以下复习策略： 1. 养成限时阅读的习惯，提高阅读速度。培养学生的阅读技能，处理好阅读速度与效率问题。阅读速度应控制在每篇5分钟，每分钟40—50个词为宜。 2. 注意常考点。平时练习多注意代词（如it，this，they）、选项的句内关系（如因果、转折）及重现（文章与选项的复现提示）等。 3. 解题技巧 通读全文，了解文章大意。根据文章整体结构、具体内容，并结合关键词，将选项填入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。 1. 如果问题设在段首 （1）通常是段落的主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关的词，推断出主题句。 （2）与后文是并列，转折，因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词，通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句之间会有某种的衔接手段。 （3）段落间的过渡句。这时要瞻前顾后找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。 2. 如果问题设在段尾 （1）空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。 （2）通常是结论，概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果结论，总结等的信号词，如：Therefore， as a result，thus，hence，in short，to sum up，to conclude，in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。 （3）与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。 （4）与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节，因此，根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常选项中会出现表示并列或递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。 （5）所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段的开头是否有一定的衔接，认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。 （6）如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题，通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案应有这样的
中考英语阅读理解专项复习经典 一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．阅读理解 Science fiction is a popular kind of writing, and many people think of Jules Verne（凡尔纳） as the father of science fiction. He was born in France in 1828. His father wanted him to become a lawyer, but from his early 20s Verne decided to become a writer. At first he wrote plays for the theater. Then, in 1863, he wrote a story called Five Weeks in a Balloon. The success of this book encouraged him to write more stories such as A Journey to the Center of the Earth（1864） and From the Earth to the Moon（1865）. In the 19th century, many people were interested in science and inventions. Jules Verne wrote about scientific subjects in his stories and, as a result, they were very popular. Verne's writing included many predictions（预言）for the 20th century and many of them came true. He described space flight, movies, and air conditioning, a long time before they appeared. These books were very successful and they made Verne rich. Jules Verne's books have been the subjects for many movies. 20, 000 Leagues under the Sea was a successful movie for Walt Disney. It was the first time that Disney movie had used real actors instead of cartoon drawings. Around the World in Eighty Days is another famous movie based on one of Verne's books. The main character is an Englishman called Phileas Fogg. For him, the most important thing is to be always on time! （1）What does the phrase "the father of science fiction" mean? A. The father who has several children. B. The man who loves science and inventions. C. The writer whose father wrote science fiction. D. The man who first started writing science fiction successfully. （2）What encouraged Jules Verne to write more stories? A. The plays he wrote for the theater. B. The encouragement from his father. C. The success of Five Weeks in a Balloon. D. The scientific subjects in his stories. （3）Why were Jules Verne's books very popular in the 19th century? A. Because his books made him rich and famous. B. Because he wrote many plays for the theater at that time. C. Because his books were the subjects for many movies. D. Because many people were interested in science and inventions. （4）Which of the following has the main character called Phileas Fogg? A. Five Weeks in a Balloon. B. Around the World in Eighty Days. C. A Journey to the Center of the Earth. D. From the Earth to the Moon. （5）According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A. The space flight Verne described was different from others. B. The main characters in Verne's books are always on time. C. Jules Verne only wrote in the 19th century. D. Many of the predictions in Verne's stories came true.
(2016?四川自贡)根据短文内容，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Abraham Lincoln was just a boy, he had to help his father to manage their farm. 66 Abram wanted to go to school, but there was no school there. 67 Mrs. Lincoln loved the boy very much. She tried her best to make Abraham happy. 68 It was a long way, so it took her a long time to get there. She bought something there and went back. It was dark in the evening when she got home. The next morning Mrs. Lincoln said to Abraham, “69 ” She put some food on the table, and then brought out a present. A book! Abraham cried. It was an old book, but he liked it. 70 He looked up at Mrs. Lincoln and said, “Thank you, Mom.” A. He was sad most of the time. B. It was hard work and there wasn’t anything interesting for him. C. Today is your birthday, so we’re going to have a party. D. One morning she got up early and went to the town. E. A smile came on his face. 【主旨大意】本文一篇记叙文。在林肯总统小时候，家里穷，不能上学，他很悲伤。他母亲为了让她高兴，花费了一整天去镇上买了一本书给他作为生日礼物。 66. B前句讲述林肯不得不帮助父亲在农村干活，选项中B句“这是苦活儿，并且对他而言毫无兴趣”符合上下文。故选B。 67. A 由前句“他想上学，但是那儿没有学校”可知带来的结果是：他大多数时间很悲伤。和选项A所述相符。故选A。 68. D后文讲述了林肯母亲去镇上买东西，故选项D“一天早上她起床很早到镇上去”符合行文。故选D。 69. C由后文拿出食品和礼物可知林肯母亲所说的是“今天是你的生日，因此我们将举行一个聚会”。故选C。 70. E由上下文可知，母亲为林肯举行聚会并且买礼物，林肯很高兴，故“他脸上有了笑容”符合行文。故选E。 (2016?四川成都)A.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出适当的选项补全短文，并将选项编号字母依次填入题后的横线上。(共5小题，每小题1分，计5分) Smashed cucumber(拍黄瓜) salad is one of the most popular cold dishes in China. You can find the green dish anywhere from restaurants to homes. 1 According to The New York Times, Smashed cucumbe r salad is “everywhere” in New York. Some restaurants have been even added the dish to their menus. 2 But American cooks are trying yogurt, honey, lemon and other common western ingredients. Why is this dish becoming so popular? 3 Smashed cucumbers can hold onto tastes more than cucumbers which are cut into fixed shape and size.“Just changing the way you break down an ingredient…changes the way it feels and tastes. It’s cool.” said Danny Bowien, a cook at a New York restaurant. 4 The cook smashes fresh cucumbers with the flat side of a knife. 5 Then other ingredients can be added. Also, it takes only five minutes to make the salad. Cook Julia Goldberg said it’s really “satisfying”. The success of smashed cucumbers salad abroad shows that we should try to fit into local conditions when spreading Chinese culture across the world, said The Beijing News.
2019中考英语阅读理解专项练习：The report The report came to the British on May 21,1949. The German battleship Bismarck, the most powerful warship(战舰) in the world, was moving out into the Atlantic Ocean. Her task： to destroy the ships supplies from the United Statesto war-tornEngland. The British had feared such a task. No warship they had could match theBismarckin speed or in firepower. TheBismarckhad eight 15-inch guns and 81 small guns. She could move at 30 nautical(海上的) miles an hour. She was believed to be unsinkable. However, the British had to sink her. They sent out a task force headed by their best battleship Hood to hunt down theBismarck. On May 24, the Hood found theBismarck. It was a meeting that the German commander Luetjens did not want to see. His orders were to destroy the British ships that were carrying supplies, but to stay away from a fight with British warships. The battle didn’t last long. The Bismarck’s first torpedo(鱼雷) hit the Hood, which went down taking all but three of her 4,419 men with her. But in the fight, theBismarckwas slightly damaged. Her commander decided to run for repairs toFrance, which had at that time been taken by the speed and the heavy fog, they lost sight of her.
（英语）中考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案 一、英语阅读（日常生活类） 1．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。 If you look at the top of your phone, you'll usually see a little symbol that says 3G or 4G. The "G" stands for the "generation" （代）of your mobile network. But the symbols will become things of the past after 5G networks fully arrive. On March 30, Shanghai vice-mayor Wu Qing made the first 5G video call on a Huawei Mate X Smartphone. Shanghai has also become the first city in China to start testing 5G networks. About 100 times faster than 4G networks, 5G will let people download and upload data（数据） faster than ever before. But 5G won't just bring faster mobile internet. People can use it for many other things as well. For example, 5G will help to make self-driving cars safer. Today's self-driving test cars have one problem-lag（延迟）. When the car "sees" an obstacle（障碍物）, it sends this information to a data center and receives instructions, However, it will be some time before it sends and receives this information. With this kind of lag, the cars might crash because they don't receive instructions in time. With 5G, this lag will be greatly lowered, making the cars safer. 5G could also be used to power the internet of things （IoT）, that is, a large online network that connects all things and people. Fast internet speeds will be the key to developing this technology. The IoT could be used in a lot of ways. For example, with IoT, your refrigerator could automatically （自动地） place an order online for eggs when it finds that there are no eggs left inside. （1）Which city was 5G tested for the first time? A. Beijing. B. Shanghai. C. Shenzhen. （2）What can we infer（推测） according to the passage?. A. 5G is widely used in China now. B. 5G networks will make our lives more convenient. C. There are no symbols at the top of our phones. （3）The writer uses self-driving cars as an example to . A. explain how 5G's fast speed can be helpful B. warn about the possible dangers of self-driving cars C. explain how self-driving cars work （4）What is IoT according to the passage? A. A robot that can do housework. B. An online store where you can buy anything. C. A large online network that connects things and people. （5）Which sentence is right according to the passage? A. 5G will help us buy eggs quickly. B. Robots can help us buy eggs online. C. Our refrigerator can order eggs online for us. 【答案】（1）B
阅读还原句子 一、命题依据——《2013考试说明》读的能力要求 1、能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义。 2、能获取文章的具体信息（细节阅读）。 3、能理解文章中的具体信息并进行简单的推理和判断。 4、能理解归纳文章的主旨要义，能为文章选定合适的题目。 5、能根据上下文理解作者的态度、观点及意图。 6、(1)能理解故事情节和事件发展顺序 (2)能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系 实例分析：考察最多的四种逻辑关系 A. 因果关系：because, so, as a result, so...that, that's why. 例一：(2011朝阳)Mr. White works in an office. He’s able and can easily deal with all kinds of matters. 60 . Of course he’s often busy and has no time to do the housework. His wife does all at home. A. He sat up to answer it B. But soon he forgot it and went to work C. She worked hard and made much money D. And he never cleaned up the rooms, either E. So he’s always paid more than his workmates Key: E B. 转折关系：but, however, to my surprise. 例二：（2011房山）Then, don’t think about what will happen. It’s possible that you might be laughed at when speaking. 63 What really happens is better than what we imagine. A. First of all, you’d better concentrate on what you enjoy. B. These successes are “proof ”that you can do it. C. I still feel a little uncomfortable when I realize. D. However, others may not even notice your mistake. E. I could even take part in speaking competitions. Key: D C. 并列关系：firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally, sometimes. 例三：（2011房山）When I was small, I was kind of shy. Fortunately, I changed a lot by junior high. Shyness gets in the way of success, but it doesn't have to hold you back. Here are some tips that may help you overcome it. 61 The excitement of being lost at something that you love can help you forget your nervousness while showing off in public. A. First of all, you’d better concentrate on what you enjoy. B. These successes are “proof ”that you can do it. C. I still feel a little uncomfortable when I realize. D. However, others may not even notice your mistake. E. I could even take part in speaking competitions. Key: A D. 顺序关系：时间顺序，动作顺序，发展顺序。
中考英语阅读理解专项训练 【知识点睛】 一、中考阅读理解命题特点 题型上来看：着重考察学生对整篇文章的把握，侧重考查学生根据语境进行语篇分析和综合利用有效信息解决实际问题的能力 体裁上来看：涉及记叙文、夹叙夹议文、议论文、说明文和应用文；题材内容涉及英语国家文化的多个领域，并逐步增加广告、海报、图画、表格等实用文体 阅读量上看：逐年增加 难度上来看：增加了难度，超过了大纲规定的3%的生词率 二、中考阅读课标要求 义务教育英语课程标准指出：阅读是搜集处理信息、认识世界、发展思维、获得审美体验的重要途径。因此，阅读理解在中考中所占的比例、分值越来越大，主要考查考生通过文字获取信息的能力，阅读速度要求达到每分钟60—80词。选材范围越来越广，除故事、人物轶事外，科普性文章和社会热点话题也多了起来；体裁也趋于多样化，有记叙文、说明文、应用文、议论文等，有时还考查考生理解及解释图表所提供的简单信息的能力；阅读材料丰富多彩，融知识性、趣味性、科学性于一体，既对学生阅读理解能力起着评价作用，又能增长知识、开阔视野。 国家英语课程要求从3年级起开设英语课程，课程标准中的第五级为9年级，也就是初中毕业参加中考时应达到的基本要求。其中对学生“读”的能力做了如下要求： 1. 能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义。 2. 能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。 3. 能找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节，预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局。 4. 能读懂相应水平的常见体裁的读物。 5. 能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息。 6. 能利用词典等工具书进行阅读。 7. 课外阅读量应累计达到15万词以上。 三、解题步骤 第一步：读题，把握出题动向 第二步：带着问题速读文章，简单标记题目______________ 第三步：________文中信息，对相关信息进行划线标注 第四步：检查核对 四、阅读题型和做题方法 1、细节理解题 做题方法：利用题目的______________，寻找文中______________，在对应词周围找答案或直接在文中搜索答案，对号入座。它一般是由特殊疑问词what, when, where, how, why, who, which等提问出现，可以直接找到答案。（答案往往不是文中原句） 2、猜测词义题
句子还原专项练习（培优） 1 A. High school students take only five or six subjects each term B. they do a lot of interesting things C.There ’ twore terms ( 学期 ) in a school year. D.many college students work after class to get money for their studies. E. Most American children begin to go to school when they’ re five years old. American school begins in September after a long summer holiday.1The first term is from September to January, and the second term is from February to June. 2Most students are seventeen or eighteen years old when they finish high school. 3They usually go to the same class every day, and they have homework for every class. After class,. 4. After high school ,many students go to college( 大学 ).They usually have to pay( 付款 )a lot of money. So, 5. 2 A. I love playing with the computer in my study. B. There are many beautiful flowers in the garden. C. My father’ sutifulbea car is in it now. D. I like it very much. E. I like watching TV in the living room. This is my beautiful home. There is a small garden in front of my house. 1 Behind my house there is a big tree .Near the tree, you can see a garage(车库).2On the first floor, there is a large living room, a dining room, a kitchen and a bathroom.3On the second floor, there is a small study room and two bedrooms, 4 What a nice home! 5 3 A. But from this experience （经历） , I understand that love is inside B. At that time, my father suddenly got badly ill（突然病重） C. Besides, my father has a bad temper. D. All of us were worried about him E. In order to （为了）pay the high tuition ( 学费 ) for my brother and me. There are four people in my family. Every day my parents are very busy trying to make money. 1They hardly（几乎不）say“ I love you” or send flowers to each other2.It ’ s easy for him to lose his temper ( 脾气 ) from the hard work. I didn’ t know whether thereovebetweenwasl them until one spring. 3My mother had to stay with him in the hospital for month. When they returned from the hospital, they looked weak as if both of them had had a serious illness. After they were back, my mother helped my father walk slowly on the country road every day in the morning and dusk. However, after two months my father still couldn’ t walk by 4 “ Dad, how are you feeling now?” I asked him one day. “ Susan, don’ t worry about me,” he said in a lowjustvoicelike. walking with“ Iyour mom. I like t kind of love.” Reading his eyes, I know he loves my mother very much. Once I thought love meant（意味） flowers, presents and sweet kisses. 5It makes life stro warm. 4 A. Hong Kong is not the first Asian city to have a smoking ban. B. It does great harm （危害）to people’s health. C. Among them, about 840,000 people aged 15 or above are smokers. D. From January 1, 2007, Hong Kong bans smoking in most public places. E. Even smoking in some outdoor places like beaches, sports grounds, museums and parks is against the law. .Do you plan to go to Hong Kong Disneyland with your family? If your dad smokes, you must ask him to be careful. 1 The places include restaurants, workplaces, schools and karaoke rooms. 2 Hong Kong hopes the ban （禁止）can prevent passive smoking（阻止被动吸烟）. 3 And it ’ll be better if more people in Hong Kong give up smoking because of the ban. Hong Kong has 7 million people. 4Amy Choi, 27, a student, agrees to the smoking b don’tlike people smoking next to me. It ’s so smoky and smelly,’’she said. If someone breaks the ban, he will have to pay up to HK$5,000. The ban includes nightclubs, ba or bathhouses. 5.On January 1, 2006, Singapore banned smoking in most public places. 5 A. they even laughed at the same jokes (笑话 ). B.A few days later a man stopped the other twin in the street. C. They looked the same. D. Not even their family members could tell the difference.(分辨) E. The years went by and they began to grow old. Once there were two brothers. They were twins.1They had the same dark brown hair eyes and beautiful teeth. They were both 5 feet 10 inches tall and both weighed 150 pounds. They not only looked the same but also sounded the same on the telephone. 2They dresse listened to the same music and read the same books. 3When they were twenty-three, they both married and one year later both of them had sons. 4They both wore glasses and eventually ( 最后both became bald(秃顶的 ) Then one day, one of the brothers got sick and died （死）5"Excuse me for asking,”