新发展大学英语听力教程（一）参考答案
Unit 1 New Campus，New Life
Pre-listening Activities
shapes；ages；characters
Listening Tasks
Task One Understanding Short Conversations
1. C
2. D
3. B
4. A
5. A
6. C
7. D
8. C
9.
A 10. B
Task Two Understanding a Long Conversation
1. D
2. A
3. C
4. A
5. B
Task Three Understanding Passages
Passage One
1. D
2. A
3. C
4. B
5. C
Passage Two
1. B
2. D
3. B
4. C
5. A
Passage Three
1. A
2. C
3. A
4. B
5. C
Task Four Compound Dictation
1. wandering
2. granted
3. natural
4. advocate
5. assume
6. sophomores
7. rare
8. disposal
9. some change dating“partners”frequently，holding an opinion that they could show off their charm or accumulated experience
10. Last，the proportion of successfully married couples is too low
11. So，look before you leap，discard campus love and make a wiser decision after graduation
Listening and Speaking
Task 1
1. You have become independent.
2. They may feel excited，but they may also have their fears and worries.
3. It means to have an opportunity to do something.
Task 2
（略）
Learn English through Movies
romances；common；shooting；heavens；flash；desperate；unanswered；silence；farewell；packed
Unit 2 Tales of Friendship
Pre-listening Activities
cards and flowers
Listening Tasks
Task One Understanding Short Conversations
1. A
2. C
3. C
4. B
5. B
6. A
7. D
8. B
9.
D 10. B
Task Two Understanding a Long Conversation
1. B
2. D
3. C
4. B
5. A
Task Three Understanding Passages
Passage One
1. A
2. C
3. C
4. B
5. D
Passage Two
1. A
2. D
3. C
4. D
5. B
Passage Three
1. C
2. B
3. A
4. A
5. C
Task Four Compound Dictation
1. animals
2. nothing
3. happiness
4. Orange
5. shouted
6. full
7. wisdom
8. balance
9. You foolish colors，don’t you know that you were each made for a special purpose，unique and different
10. each of you will stretch across the sky in a great bow of color as a reminder that you can all live in peace
11. whenever a good rain washes the world，a rainbow appears in the sky
Listening and Speaking
Task One
1. She felt homesick.
2. Yes，Sara also has the same problem.
3. She will go to the kitchen with Sara.
Task Two
（略）
Learn English through Songs
million；tell；chances；earth；pretend
Unit 3 Lifestyles in Different Cultures
Pre-listening Activities
teenager；independent
Listening Tasks
Task One Understanding Short Conversations
1. C
2. D
3. B
4. C
5. A
6. A
7. A
8. D
9. D 10. B
Task Two Understanding a Long Conversation
Task Three Understanding Passages
Passage One
1. B
2. B
3. C
4. C
5. C
Passage Two
1. B
2. A
3. D
4. D
5. C
Passage Three
1. C
2. B
3. A
4. A
5. C
Task Four Compound Dictation
1. common
2. genuine
3. positive
4. interpreted
5. reflects
6. occupation
7. conveys
8. request
9. It is very common that the Chinese greet their friends by stating something obvious
10. Rather it is just a simple way of making contact
11. On most occasions，the above-mentioned are the common greeting methods among Chinese themselves
Listening and Speaking
Task One
1. Only three months ago.
2. He went to a very small village somewhere in southwestern China.
3. Their optimistic attitude towards life.
Task Two
（略）
Learn English through TV Series
blew；party；inside；obvious；better；crush；Anyway；worth；loved；cleaning
Unit 4 Brief History of the Internet
Pre-listening Activities
1998
Listening Tasks
Task One Understanding Short Conversations
1. B
2. B
3. B
4. A
5. C
6. D
7. D
8. C
9.
D 10. B
Task Two Understanding a Long Conversation
1. A
2. C
3. D
4. C
5. B
Task Three Understanding Passages
Passage One
1. C
2. D
3. D
4. C
5. C
Passage Two
1. A
2. B
3. A
4. B
5. A
Passage Three
Task Four Compound Dictation
1. aspects
2. share
3. opportunity
4. vote
5. countless
6. glowing
7. passive
8. jam
9. some children have access to the scenes of violence and sex
10. meanwhile we should exploit its potential as well
11. people ought to experience more fruits of the information revolution
Listening and Speaking
Task One
1. Because she never knows who she is talking to.
2. It is convenient and can save time.
3. Writing a letter is safer than e-mail.
Task Two
（略）
Learn English through Songs
heaven；Life；memories；eyes；reminds
Unit 5 Music，Sweet Music
Pre-listening Activities
1958；February
Listening Tasks
Task One Understanding Short Conversations
1. B
2. D
3. C
4. A
5. C
6. C
7. A
8. D
9.
B 10. C
Task Two Understanding a Long Conversation
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. C
5. B
Task Three Understanding Passages
Passage One
1. B
2. C
3. D
4. A
5. C
Passage Two
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. A
5. C
Passage Three
1. B
2. C
3. C
4. D
5. A
Task Four Compound Dictation
1. device
2. stores
3. designed
4. sales
5. upcoming
6. gaining
7. financially
8. revolution
9. that has served as a treat to music fans
10. The sound quality is excellent
11. having an ipod is a must not just among the music lovers
Listening and Speaking
Task One
1. Pop songs/music.
2. Because music makes her happy，especially when she’s in a bad mood.
3. Because the words of the song sound nice，which naturally can arouse their feelings. What’s more，it’s very emotional and the rhythms are full of energy and hope. Task Two
（略）
Learn English through Movies
lift；thought；weddings；empty-handed；dead；bridesmaid；beating；abide；livings；arrival
Unit 6 Foreign Food Cultures
Pre-listening Activities
15
Listening Tasks
Task One Understanding Short Conversations
1. A
2. D
3. C
4. D
5. B
6. A
7. C
8. B
9.
A 10. D
Task Two Understanding a Long Conversation
1. D
2. B
3. A
4. C
5. B
Task Three Understanding Passages
Passage One
1. C
2. A
3. D
4. B
5. C
Passage Two
1. C
2. D
3. B
4. B
5. D
Passage Three
1. B
2. B
3. D
4. A
5. C
Task Four Compound Dictation
1. item
2. optional
3. manners
4. capable
5. temperature
6. stretch
7. even
8. napkin
9. By no means should pizza ever be eaten in as a whole uncut pie
10. it is all right to serve salads and other greens
11. Pizza should always be the main course
Listening and Speaking
Task One
1. Because the restaurant has a good selection and the prices are moderate.
2. They would like a booth in the nonsmoking section and sit by the window.
3. Medium.
Task Two
（略）
Learn English through Songs
different；feel；say；around；time
Unit 7 Celebrities and Their Stories
Pre-listening Activities
George Washington；Thomas Jefferson；Theodore Roosevelt；Abraham Lincoln
Listening Tasks
Task One Understanding Short Conversations
1. C
2. A
3. B
4. B
5. A
6. B
7. C
8. C
9. A 10. B
Task Two Understanding a Long Conversation
1. C
2. B
3. B
4. D
5. A
Task Three Understanding Passages
Passage One
1. C
2. A
3. B
4. D
5. C
Passage Two
1. B
2. D
3. A
4. C
5. C
Passage Three
1. D
2. D
3. A
4. B
5. C
Task Four Compound Dictation
1. audience
2. graceful
3. dancing
4. Indian
5. athlete
6. challenging
7. talent
8.
teenager
9. Maria Tallchief loved dancing，and people loved to watch her dance
10. Maria Tallchief continued to travel and dance，but she did not like being away
from her family
11. Later，Maria Tallchief started a ballet school to help other talented youngsters develop their dance skills
Listening and Speaking
Task One
1. He is talkative and cheerful all the time.
2. She was always patient and generous.
3. His wife and kids.
Task Two
（略）
Learn English through TV Series
deathly；sullen；cuisine；signs；paint；grief；message；threatening；domestic；responded
Unit 8 Wonderful Movies
Pre-listening Activities
1935
Listening Tasks
Task One Understanding Short Conversations
1. D
2. C
3. A
4. C
5. B
6. A
7. B
8. A
9.
A 10. C
Task Two Understanding a Long Conversation
1. B
2. A
3. D
4. C
5. A
Task Three Understanding Passages
Passage One
1. B
2. D
3. D
4. A
5. D
Passage Two
1. A
2. C
3. D
4. D
5. C
Passage Three
1. B
2. B
3. D
4. B
5. D
Task Four Compound Dictation
1. term
2. field
3. industry
4. images
5. effects
6. created
7. affect
8. entertainment
9. give motion pictures a universal power of communication
10. had historically been the primary medium for recording and displaying motion pictures
11. the big screen，the silver screen，the cinema，and the movies
Listening and Speaking
Task One
1. The new movie，Spiderman.
2. Tom suggests she watch the movie right away.
3. Two more.
Task Two
（略）
Learn English through Songs
show；projector；lips；cartoon；lie
Unit 9 You are What You Wear
Pre-listening Activities
a fashion house
Listening Tasks
Task One Understanding Short Conversations
1. A
2. B
3. A
4. A
5. C
6. C
7. C
8. B
9.
C 10. B
Task Two Understanding a Long Conversation
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. D
5. B
Task Three Understanding Passages
Passage One
1. C
2. D
3. B
4. A
5. D
Passage Two
1. B
2. A
3. C
4. D
5. C
Passage Three
1. C
2. B
3. B
4. A
5. D
Task Four Compound Dictation
1. statement
2. misconception
3. slim
4. perfect
5. possesses
6. plus-sized
7. patterns
8.
currently
9. It matches the bold attitude of the youth today，who care about what others think
10. as every other outfit is different and has something unique and attractive
11. So investing a little time and money in them is surely worth it any day
Listening and Speaking
Task One
1. More than two billion T-shirts are sold worldwide in a year.
2. T-shirts give a different kind of expression to one’s professional image.
3. The three themes are protecting the environment，human rights and saving whales. Task Two
（略）
Learn English through Movies
departure；blonde；breaking；alone；dramatic；cast；bolt；decision；choose；fiction
Unit 10 Western Holidays
Pre-listening Activities
Christmas trees；lights；mistletoes
Listening Tasks
Task One Understanding Short Conversations
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. B
5. B
6. C
7. D
8. A
9.
B 10. A
Task Two Understanding a Long Conversation
1. C
2. D
3. D
4. B
5. C
Task Three Understanding Passages
Passage One
1. C
2. D
3. B
4. D
5. B
Passage Two
1. D
2. C
3. B
4. B
5. C
Passage Three
1. B
2. C
3. B
4. A
5. D
Task Four Compound Dictation
1. non-foolish
2. identified
3. tradition
4.
prior
5. reform
6. traveled
7. celebrate
8. backward
9. Over time，this became a tradition on the first day of April
10. Nobody is expected to buy gifts or to take their“significant other”out to eat in a fancy restaurant
11. but a holiday on which one must remain forever alert，for he may be the next April Fool
Listening and Speaking
Task One
1. Children honor their mothers with cards，gifts and flowers.
2. From 1907.
3. In 191
4.
Task Two
（略）
Learn English through Songs
light；troubles；golden；together；shining
Unit One Colorful Life on Campus Ⅰ. Pre-listening Activities Part 1 略 Part 2 a part-time job (an on-campus job); clubs; other organizations ■Script： If you are attending college on a tight budget, you will most likely want a part-time job to ease your daily living expenses. Living on campus makes access to an on-campus job much easier as you will be only minutes away from your job. You don’t have to worry about driving to a job and days when there is bad weather. You will make that extra bit of cash while meeting and interacting new people. Living on campus will give you the ability to take part in many clubs and organizations. This can include organizations that focus on education, cultural diversity, gender issues, recreational activities, spiritual activities, political clubs, sports activities, and much more. As well, the convenience of living on campus makes it more likely that you will participate in clubs and other organizations. Most colleges also have various college sports teams that one can try out for. Campus life is a unique experience that one should take full advantage of before they actually get out in the work world where they will have their whole lives to be fully independent. Ⅱ. Listening Tasks Task 1 Understanding News Reports News Item One 1. C 2. D News Item Two 1. B 2. D News Item Three 1. B 2. B 3. C ■Script News Item One Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item. An estimated 80 percent of American adults think music lessons improve chi ldren’s ability to learn or their performance in school. They say that the satisfaction for learning to play a new song helps a child express creativity. Researchers at Harvard University, however, have found that there’s one thing musical training does not do. They say it does not make children more intelligent.
中科院心理所《发展心理学》试题（20181124，深圳） 拟题人：陆小英学生姓名：18级得分： 一、单项选择题（共40分，每题2分。请将正确的选项填在题前的括号中。） （ B ）1. 普莱尔研究儿童心理的方法是______。 A.实验法 B.观察法 C.问卷法 D.访谈法 （ B ）2.最早研究中年心理的心理学家的是______。 A.霍尔 B.荣格 C.普莱尔 D.埃里克森 （ A ）3.在相同时间点，对不同年龄的被试进行研究的设计是______。 A．横断设计B．纵向设计 C．聚合交叉设计D．双生子设计 （ A ）4.埃里克森认为，3-6岁儿童心理发展的主要矛盾是______。 A.主动与内疚 B.勤奋与自卑 C.同一性与角色混乱 D.亲密与孤独 （ D ）5. 埃里克森认为，在弗洛伊德的两性期儿童应重点解决的发展危机是。 A.信任-不信任 B.勤奋-自卑 C.同一性-同一性混乱 D.亲密-孤独 （ A ）6.皮亚杰认为，儿童不能从“我是你姐姐”推知“我是姐姐的妹妹”，这是因为儿童不具备能力。
A.可逆 B.守恒 C.象征 D.延迟模仿 （ B ）7.在哈洛的恒河猴母爱剥夺实验中，证明_______是婴幼儿依恋发展的重要基础。 A.味觉 B.触觉 C.视觉 D.听觉 （ D ）8. 维果斯基提出，个体认知发展的机制是______。 A.同化 B.顺应 C.适应 D.内化 （ C ）9.“三山实验”用来论证儿童思维的______。 A.象征性机能 B.守恒能力 C.自我中心 D.观点采择能力 （ C ）10. 在动作发展过程中，双生子爬梯说明了______在发展中的重要性。 A.遗传 B.环境 C.成熟 D.同伴 （ C ）11.吉布森等人用来研究儿童深度知觉的实验是______。 A.三山实验 B.类包含实验 C.视崖实验 D.照镜子法 （ A ）12.“儿童的游戏就是在复制人类祖先的行为”，持该观点的心理学家是_______。 A.霍尔 B.彪勒 C.席勒-斯宾塞 D.格罗斯（ C ）13.小明和小红正在玩“过家家”的游戏，这是一种______。 A.功能性游戏 B.构造性游戏 C.象征性游戏 D.规则性游戏 （ A ）14.在儿童观点采择能力的发展过程中，儿童可以用社会标准或信息去衡量和判断事件，这说明其处于阶段。
《大学英语》试卷及答案 学号：姓名：专业层次: 分数： 一．单项选择题（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分） 1. The Business Banking Department is on_____C_______second floor. A. / B. a C. the 2. Maria often has a walk with______C______parents in the morning. A. she B. their C. her 3. There_____B_______four children in the picture. A. is B. are C. have 4. I’d like______A______oranges, please. A. some B. any C. / 5. ______B______does the flat cost a month? A. How many B. How much C. How about 6. I’m bad at spelling, but Jane is_____B_______than me. A. bad B. worse C. less 7. He______B______in Beijing, but his parents____________in Hangzhou. A. live, lives B. lives, live C. live, live 8. - I’m enjoying the long summer evenings. -____A________am I. A. So B. Neither C. Nor 9. I usually get up_____A_______7 o’clock in the moring. A. at B. in C. on 10. It often______B______in winter in the north of China. A. snow B. snows C. is snowing 11. —The second bedroom isn’t big enough. —Yes, I agree. It is______B______. A. small B. too small C. enough small 12. This is his book. Could you give it_____A_______him？ A. to B. with C. for 13. I’m interested _____A_______cooking. A. in B. to C. at 14. I’d like to_______B_____you to a party this Saturday. A. join B. invite C. leave 15. When_______A_____for London? A. is she flying B. she flies C. she is going to fly 二．阅读理解（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
UNIT1 Text A compelled迫使 destruction破坏 eternal永恒的 output产量 retreat撤退 threaten威胁transfer转移 Text B bare赤裸 consumed耗尽 have emerged出现 hollow空心 mass大量 miracle 奇迹 pile一堆 scrape擦 spark火星 thereby由此 tipped顶端 trigger触发 you had had a spark of consideration for your family ,you wouldn't have taken so many stupid risks. 如果你有为你的家人多一点考虑，你就不会有那么多愚蠢的风险。 2. Due to the lack of labor force, even women in this village were compelled to work in the coal mines. 由于缺乏劳动力这个村的妇女甚至被迫在煤矿工作。 3. We went through lovely countryside with great mountains, some of them beautiful and green and wooded, while others bare and wild. 我们穿过了美丽的农村巨大的群山，其中一些美丽的绿色和繁茂的，而其他人赤裸的和野生。 4. The cleaner took off his coat and began to scrape the ashes from the furnace with his bare hands. 清洁脱掉外套，开始擦去炉上的灰烬随着他的赤裸的双手。 5.People in that area are already threatened with environmental destruction since 60% of the forest there has been destroyed. 人们已经感受到环境破坏方面的威胁，因为有60％的森林已被破坏 6.The auto company has seen a huge increase in the output of private can this year due to the improved working efficiency. 汽车公司已经看到了今年由于提高了工作效率，私人产量大幅增加。 7. Under the severe attack from enemy aircraft, the troops were forced to retreat from front. 在敌机的严厉打击下，前面的部队被迫撤退。 8.When I came up to a giraffe lying on the grasses, I found that it had been killed with a spear tipped with poison. 当我来到一个长颈鹿躺在草，我发现它已经被带毒尖矛杀死。 9. He stayed eight days in an open boat with no food, and he was still alive; his survival was a(n) miracle. 他在无遮档的小船上呆了八天,又无食物,还活下来了,这真是个奇迹。 of the Fittest is an eternal truth of nature. 适者生存是一个自然界的永恒的真理。 hear sank when he saw the fresh pile of mails, memos and telephone messages on his desk. 他听到沉没时，他看到邮件的新的一堆，在他的书桌上的备忘录和电话留言。 military government refused to transfer power to a democratically elected civilian government. 军事政府拒绝将权力移交给一个民选的文官政府. that area nearly six million people are affected by the drought and the civil war, and there is a real danger of mass starvation. 在那个地区近六百万人受到干旱和内战的影响，并有大规模饥荒的一个真正的危险。 service personnel who are severely irresponsible purposely delay sending mail, thereby giving rise to great loss of public trust. 谁是严重不负责任的邮政服务人员故意延迟发送邮件，致使公共信任的巨大损失。15. With the increase in the number of foreign funded enterprises, various kinds of financial disputes have emerged. 随着外资企业的增加，各类经济纠纷的出现。 16.The earthquake may trigger landslides that cause great damage and loss of life. 地震可能引发的山体滑坡造成巨大的破坏和生命损失。 17. Deforesting and global warming threaten to ruin the current and future state of our environment. 毁林和全球变暖的威胁破坏我们的环境的当前和未来的态。 18.It was reported that almost 7 million liters consumed during the 16-day beer festival in Germany that year. 据报道，每年大约7000000公升的啤酒节的16天在德国消耗。 19.On a bitterly cold night, the only shelter he could find was the hollow trunk of a great tree. 在一个寒冷的夜晚，他能找到的唯一的栖身之处是空心的大树的树干。 Unit2
发展心理学 课后习题及答案作者：张贵
一、名词解释 1、发展心理学：研究个体从受精卵开始到出生、成熟直到衰老的生命全程中心理发生发展的特点和规律，简言之，研究毕生心理发展的特点和规律。 发展心理学研究的是各种心理活动的年龄特征。具体地说，研究心理发展的年龄发展范围，应当包括两个主要部分和四个有关的方面。 两个主要部分：一是人的认知过程（智力活动）的发展的年龄特征，包括感觉、知觉、记忆、思维、想象等，思维的年龄特征的研究是其中最主要的一环；二是社会性发展的年龄特征，包括兴趣、动机、情感、价值观、自我意识、能力、性格等，人格的年龄特征是其中最主要的一环。 为了研究生命全程或个体毕生心理发展年龄特征的这两个主要部分，还必须结合研究如下四个方面的问题：一是心理发展的社会生活条件和教育条件；二是生理因素的发展；三是动作和活动的发展；四是言语的发展。 2、社会化：是个体掌握和积极再现社会经验、社会联系和社会关系的过程。 3、年龄特征：人的心身在生命进程中表现出量和质两方面的变化，且与年龄有密切的联系，既表现出连续性，又表现出发展的阶段性，形成年龄特征。 二|、简答与论述。 1、请举例说明发展心理学研究的四个基本问题。 答：第一、人类心理和行为是先天的还是后天的；第二，人类对待环境的关系是主动的还是被动的；第三，人类心理发展是分阶段的还是连续的；第四，发展的终点是开放的（发展变化能持续下去）还是有最终目标的。 2、请简述儿童心理学和发展心理学的诞生和发展。 答：科学儿童心理学诞生于19世纪后半期。德国生理学家和实验心理学家普莱尔是儿童心理学的创始人。诞生的标志是1882年出版的《儿童心理学》。西方儿童心理学的产生、形成、演变和发展，大致可分为四个阶段。19世纪后期之前为准备时期；从1882年至第一次世界大战，是西方儿童心理学形成时期；两次世界大战之间，是西方儿童心理学的分化和发展时期；第二次世界大战之后，是西方儿童心理学的演变和增新时期。 从儿童心理学到发展心理学有一个演变过程。（一）霍尔将儿童心理学研究的年龄范围扩大到青春期；（二）精神分析学派对个体一生全程的发展率先作了研究；（三）发展心理学的问世及其研究。一般认为发展心理学诞生的标志为1957年，美国《心理学年鉴》用“发展心理学”作章名，代替了惯用的“儿童心理学”。 3、请根据自己的理解，解释以下五种智力新理论：多元智力理论、成功智力理论、真智力理论、生物生态学理论、情绪智力理论。 答：（1）多元智力理论：由霍华德.加德纳提出。共计八种智力，分别为逻辑—数学、语言、自然主义、音乐、空间、身体运动、人际间（社交）、内心的（自知）。 （2）成功智力理论：由斯皮尔博格提出。包括1、分析性智力—用以发现好的问题解决办法。分析智力解决那些界定清晰、答案与方法唯一的问题；2、创造性智力—用来找对问题。创造智力解决条件模糊不全、方法与答案多样的问题；3、实践性智力—用以解决实际工作和生活中的问题。实践智力解决条件模糊不全、方法与答案多样、且与日常经验密切相联的问题。 （3）真智力理论：由大卫.帕金斯提出。三个主要成分：神经智力、经验智力及反省智力． （4）生物生态学理论：美国心理学教授塞西在对传统智力心理测量学理论批评的基础上于1990年提出了信息加工取向的智力的生物生态学模型。这一模型主要有四个基本假设，即智力是一个多种资源系统；生物潜能与环境力量的相互作用；适宜的“最近过程”是智力发
《大学英语》试卷考试时间：90分钟闭卷任课老师： 班级：学号：姓名：成绩：Ⅰ.Match the words in column A with the explanations in column B. (15 points) Column A Column B 1.term a.. easy to get to 2.department b. accept sth.as true 3.overseas c. give great pleasure to 4.charge d. one of several division in a university, etc. 5.worth e. abroad 6.believe f. one of the periods into which the academic year is divided 7.somewhat g.. become less tense; rest 8.convenient h.. good of useful enough to do or have 9.relax i. responsibility, care or control 10.delight j. a little II.Multiple choice questions (15 points) There are five sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one or more that you think are suitable. 11. Take your camera with you. We’d like to take some of the beautiful park. A. paintings B. pictures C. files D. films 12. The is very useful. She can helps me to find many good books. A. employer B. member C. monitor D. librarian 13. Small cars are of fuel, so they have more appeal for consumers. A. free B. short C. typical D. economical 14. Next Sunday is her birthday.I ______her a bicycle as a present. A.allow B.give C.offer D.promise 15. I was in s small countryside in China. A. brought up B. bring up C. raised up D. raise up 16. Miss Yang is likely to be for promotion. A. sent B. recommended C. advised D. reported 17. The number of people invited _________ fifty, but a number of them
新发展大学英语听力教程第三 Unit 1 Modern Life Pre-listening Activities stoves，dishwashers Listening Tasks Task One Understanding Short Conversations 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. B 9. C 10. A Task Two Understanding a Long Conversation 1. C 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. B Task Three Understanding Passages Passage One 1. D 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. A Passage Two 1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. C Passage Three 1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. B Task Four Compound Dictation 1. thriving 2. structure 3. farewell 4. revolutionized 5. household 6. efficient 7. facilities 8. education 9. Life in the new century will naturally grow more colorful，more convenient，and more exciting. 10. we may be suffering from environmental pollution，green house effect，etc. 11. there will surely be more strains and pressures，for the new century will be more keenly competitive and challenging.t Unit 2 What Do Y ou Know About Love Listening Tasks Task One Understanding Short Conversations 1. C 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. D 6. D 7. D 8. C 9. C 10. B Task Two Understanding a Long Conversation 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. C Task Three Understanding Passages Passage One 1. C 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. D Passage Two 1. B 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. D Passage Three 1. C 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. D Task Four Compound Dictation 1. relationships 2. financial 3. important 4. simple 5. based 6. succeed 7. respect 8. engaging 9. sharing financial decisions with them，and the list goes on. 10. And always remember，you can’t keep turning on then turning off doing the simple things.
《儿童发展心理学》复习题及答案 一、填空： 1、参照国内外现行的年龄阶段划分方式，我们将儿童心理发展分为（1）新生儿期，（２） 乳儿期，（３）婴儿期，（４）童年早期或幼儿期，（５）童年中期，（６）童年晚期或少年期，（７）青年早期。 2、信息加工理论认为信息加工经历这几个阶段：感觉登录、注意、知觉、短时记忆、长时 记忆。 3、帮助儿童克服害怕的心理治疗方法有：对抗性条件作用、系统脱敏法、模特塑造法、认 知疗法。 4、在有关人格发展阶段的理论阐释中，弗洛伊德强调本能的作用，自我是伊底和超我的奴 仆；埃里克森更强调自我的作用，相信超我能引导心理性欲向着社会所规定的方向发展。 5、按照进行的目的性分类，幼儿的游戏分为：（１）创造性游戏，（２）建筑性游戏，（３） 教学游戏，（４）活动性游戏等几类。 6、根据班杜拉的社会学习理论，儿童的攻击性行为是通过外部强化、替代性强化和观察与 模仿范性获得的。 7、儿童获得道德认识上的发展必须摆脱自我中心和实在论，理解到别人有着与自己不同的 看法，从而发展自己与别人不同的自我概念。 二、选择： １、我国最早讲授儿童心理学的是儿童心理学家（2）。 （1）肖孝嵘（2）陈鹤琴（3）黄翼 2、（３）是具有特定遗传功能最小单位，是储存特定遗传信息的功能单位。 （1）染色体（2）DNA （3）基因 3、弗洛伊德的心理性欲发展阶段中，3—7岁儿童处于（３）阶段。 （１）口唇期（２）肛门期（３）性器期（４）潜伏期（５）生殖器 4、（１）是儿童个性实现社会化的重要场所。 （１）家庭（２）幼儿园（３）儿童游乐场所 5、（３）可以帮助儿童克服冲动与攻击性行为，还有助利他行为的实践。 （１）观点或角色的采择（２）交往技能的训练（３）角色扮演 三、判断： （√）1、儿童的先天素质不是单纯由遗传基因决定的，儿童的先天素质是遗传基因和胎儿发育的环境因素之间复杂的相互作用的结果。 （×）2、儿童大脑各区的成熟程序是由前往后分别进行的，其程序是枕叶、颞叶、顶叶、额叶。 （×）3、后天环境的优劣将影响儿童心理发展的速度、水平和特点。 （√）4、情绪作为一种适应能力是通过后天的学习获得的。 （√）5、儿童的个性，从一开始就带着自身已有的特点在于周围的人、周围的环境发生相互作用中发展起来。 （×）6、男女两性认知差异的年龄倾向反映了男女儿童在认知差异上的不平衡性。 （√）7、儿童与同伴交往的能力和水平是衡量个性和社会性成熟的重要标志。 （√）8、游戏是一种现实与想象相结合的，为了满足认识和身体需要的轻松自由的学习活
中国农业大学成人高等教育 学年第学期（任课教师：） 课程考试试题 考生诚信承诺 1、本人清楚学校关于考试管理、考场规则、考试作弊处理的规定，并严格遵照执行。 2、本人承诺在考试过程中没有作弊行为，所做试卷的内容真实可信。 站点名称：专业： 年级层次学号姓名成绩： 大学英语（工商企业管理专科）① Ⅰ Vocabulary and Structure 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将选项号填在答题纸的相应位置上。 1.Studies have shown _______ teenagers often suffer form depression. A.that B.which C.in which D.in that 2.The party has failed to _______ the majority of voters that it is capable of governing the country. A.trust B.credit C.convince D.believe 3._______ driving around all day looking for somewhere to park，why don‘t you take a bus to town？ A.In spite of B.Rather than C.In palce of D.Other than 4.The kids are _______ be hungry when they get home—they always are. A. obliged to B. bound to C. desired to D. motivated to 5.All the characteristics that distinguish birds _______ other animals can be traced to prehistoric times. A.to B.between C.for D.from 6.When the city was _______，everyone knew that total defeat was certain. A.cut off B.cut down C.cut across D.cut out 7.If we _______ everything ready by now，we should be having a terrible time tomorrow. A.hadn‘t got B. didn’t get C.wouldn‘t have got D. wouldn’t get 8.In his composition there were no other errors _______ a few misspelled words. A.beside B.except C.then D.than 9.In deciding _______ a course of action，the candidates tried to estimate its likely impact on the voters. A.what to pursue B.which to pursue C.whether to pursue D.if to pursue 10.Since we have a focused subject，we should not talk _______. A.at once B.at hand C.at intervals D.at random Ⅱ。Cloze Test 下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并将选项号填在答题纸的相应位置上。Economists believe that job earnings influence choice of occupation. They acknowledge that people place varying emphasis __11__income，but point out that workers tend to move from one occupation to another __12__changes in salaries. In 1931，H.F.Clark，an economist，stated that“proper information regarding wages if sufficiently __13__ upon people，will lead to correct choice of occupation and correct __14__ of people in an occupation，provided barriers to occupations have been removed.”This means that the supply and demand of workers have __15__to do with wages，__16__in turn influence people to choose certain careers……However，all barriers to occupations will have to be removed __17__ career choices can be __18__ by economics alone. There is little question __19__economic factors have some influence on choice of an occupation. But to picture them as the major or most important reason __20__ against the soundest of folk wisdom：“Man does not live by bread alone.” 11.A.in B.on C.into D.for 12.A.despite B.other than C.through D.because of 13.A.to impress B.to be impressed C.impress D.impressed 14.A.number B.amount C.deal D.quantity 15.A.many B.much C.lot D.nothing 16.A.it B that C.which D.where 17.A.before B.after C.until D.when 18.A.expected B.explained C.expressed D.exposed 19.A.that B.which C.as D.when 20.A.to go B.going C.goes D.go Ⅲ。Reading Comprehension 从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并将选项号填在答题纸的相应位置上。 Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. “No man is an island，”wrote the poet John Donne several centuries ago. He was acknowledging one of our most distinctive characteristics：the fact that we are social animals whose behavior and personalities are shaped by the groups to which we belong. Throughout life，most of our daily activities are performed in the company of others. Whether our purpose is working，playing，raising a family，learning，or simply relaxing，we usually pursue it in groups，even if the group is as small as two or three people. Out need for human contacts is not merely a practical one；it is a deep psychological need as well. If people are deprived of the company of others for prolonged periods，mental breakdown is the usual result. Even the Geneva Convention（日内瓦公约），an international agreement that regulates the treatment of prisoners of war，recognizes this need. It regards solitary （孤独的）imprisonment for more than thirty day as a cruel form of torture（折磨）。 In its strictest sense， a group is a collection of people interacting together in an orderly way on the basis of shared expe ctations about one another‘s behavior. As result of this interaction，members feel a common sense of“belonging.”They distinguish members from nonmembers and expect certain kinds of behavior from outsiders. 21.By“No man is an island，”John Donne means _____. A.no one can live on an island alone B.a man is not surrounded by sea on all sides C.a man and an island are irrelevan D.no one can live in isolation from other people 22.The fact that we work or even play in groups illustrates the point that ____. A.poeple are different from animals B.Donne recognized the group to which he belonged C.human beings are social animals D.human behavior and personalities are formed by others 23.“Breakdown”as used in Line 6，Paragraph 2 most probably denotes ____. A.separation B.collapse C.analysis D.function 24.According to the passage，what is NOT a characteristic of group？ A.There are at least two people in it. B.The members share some common grounds. C.The members work for one purpose. D.The members interact regularly with each other. 25.This passage is mainly about _______. A.the importance of human contacts B.pattens of human behavior C.the importance of human activities D.patterns of human society Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
《发展心理学》作业 本课程作业由两部分组成。第一部分为“客观题部分”，共15分。第二部分为“主观题部分”，共15分。作业总分30分，将作为平时成绩记入课程总成绩。 客观题部分： 一、填空题（每题3分，共15分） 1．心理发展的动力包括（成熟）和（学习）。 2．行为主义的创始人是（华生）。 3．皮亚杰认为主要有（成熟）、（练习与经验）、（社会性经验）和（具有自我调节作用的平衡过程）四个因素影响个体的认知发展。 4．阿尔金德认为青少年的自我中心主义表现（假想的观众）和（个人神话）两方面。 5．卡特尔依据智力发展与生理和文化教育的关系，把智力区分为（晶体智力）和（流体智力）两大类。主观题部分： 二、名词解释（每题1分，共5分） 1．心理发展 答：心理发展是个体从受精卵开始到出生，到成熟，直至衰老的过程中所发生的有次序的、系统的、连续性的心理变化。 2．超我 答：弗洛伊德人格结构的一部分。超我代表社会的，特别是父母的价值和标准。按照弗洛伊德的看法，超我是从自我发展而来的人格成分。包括两个部分，一个是良心，一个是自我理想。 3．观察学习 答：又称替代性学习，指个体通过观察他人所表现出来的行为及其结果进行的学习。学习者不必亲自参与活动，也不须亲自体验到强化，而只是通过观察他人在一定情境中的行为，以及他们接受的强化来学习。 4．自我中心 答：自我中心(egocentrism)这一概念最早是由皮亚杰提出来的。所谓自我中心是指个体不能区别一个人自己的观点和别人的观点，不能区别一个人自己的活动和对象的变化，把注意集中于自身之上。 5．既定老化论 答：又叫基因论，认为身体的老化乃是每个动物体内一种预先设定的正常发展形态。每一物种都有其独特的老化形态和预期寿命，此种形态必然是预定且为天生的。 三、简答题（每题5分，共10分） 1．弗洛伊德认为人格发展分为哪几个阶段？ 答：弗洛伊德根据力必多作用部位的不同，把个体的人格发展划分为五个阶段：口唇期、肛门期、前生殖器期、潜伏期和青春期。 2．简述柯尔伯格的道德发展理论。 答：柯尔伯格把个体的道德发展分为三个水平，每个水平又分为两个阶段，构成三水平六阶段理论。前习俗水平（1）惩罚与服从定向阶段（2）朴素的利已主义倾向。习俗水平（1）人际协调的定向阶段——“好