2013年5月翻译资格考试三级英语笔译真题及答案

2014年5月翻译资格考试三级英语笔译真题及答案试题部分：Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (英译汉) Translate the following passage into Chinese.NARSAQ, Greenland —as icebergs in the Kayak Harbor pop and hiss while melting away, this remote Arctic town and its culture are also disappearing in a changing climate.Narsaq’s largest employer, a shrimp factory, closed a few years ago after the crustaceans fled north to cooler water. Where once there were eight commercial fishing vessels, there is now one.As a result, the populati on here, one of southern Greenland’s major towns, has been halved to 1,500 in just a decade. Suicides are up.“Fishing is the heart of this town,” said Hans Kaspersen, 63, a fisherman. “Lots of people have lost their livelihoods.”But even as warming temperatures are upending traditional Greenlandic life, they are also offering up intriguing new opportunities for this state of 57,000 —perhaps nowhere more so than here in Narsaq.Vast new deposits of minerals and gems are being discovered as Greenland’s massive ice cap recedes, forming the basis of a potentially lucrative mining industry. One of the world’s largest deposits of rare earth metals —essential for manufacturing cellphones, wind turbines and electric cars — sits just outside Narsaq. It has long been known that Greenland sat upon vast mineral lodes, and the Danish government has mapped them intermittently for decades. Niels Bohr, Denmark’s Nobel Prize-winning nuclear physicist and a member of the Manhattan Project, visited Narsaq in 1957 because of its uranium deposits.But previous attempts at mining mostly failed, proving too expensive in the inclement conditions. Now, warming has altered the equation.Greenland’s Bureau of Minerals and Petroleum, charged with managing the boom, currently has 150 active licenses for mineral exploration, up from 20 a decade ago. Altogether, companies spent $100 million exploring Greenland’s deposits last year, and several are applying for licenses to begin construction on new mines, bearing gold, iron and zinc and rare earths. There are also foreign companies exploring for offshore oil.The Black Angel lead and zinc mine, which closed in 1990, is applying to reopen this year, said Jorgen T.Hammeken-Holm, who oversees licensing at the country’s miningbureau, “because the ice is in retreat and you’re getting much more to explore.”The Greenlandic government hopes that mining will provide new revenue. In granting Greenland home rule in 2009, Denmark froze its annual subsidy, which is scheduled to be decreased further in the coming years.Here in Narsaq, a collection of brightly painted homes bordered by spectacular fjords, two foreign companies are applying to the government for permission to mine.That proximity promises employment, and the company is already schooling some young men in drilling and in English, the international language of mine operations. It plans to build a processing plant, a new port and more roads. (Greenland currently has none outside of settled areas.) Narsaq’s tiny airport, previously threatened with closure from lack of traffic, could be expanded. A local landlord is contemplating converting an abandoned apartment block into a hotel.“There will be a lot of people coming from outside and that will be a big challenge since Greenlandic culture has been isolated,” said Jasper Schroder, a student home in Narsaq from university in Denmark.Still, he supports the mine and hopes it will provide jobs and stem the rash of suicides, particularly among his peers; Greenland has one of the highest suicide rates in the world. “People in this culture don’t want to be a burden to their families if they can’t contribute,” he said.But not all are convinced of the benefits of mining. “Of course the mine will help the local economy and will help Greenla nd, but I’m not so sure if it will be good for us,” said Dorothea Rodgaard, who runs a local guesthouse. “We are worried about the loss of nature.”Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (汉译英) Translate the following passage into English.中华民族历经磨难，自强不息，从未放弃对美好梦想的向往和追求。

参考译文2004.5按照法律规定，在英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士，家长一定要使自己的孩子在5岁至16岁期间在学校或其它地方接受全日制教育，在北爱尔兰则为4岁至16岁。

大约93%的学生享受公家提供经费的免费教育，其他学生上独立学校，这种学校靠学生家长缴费来筹措经费。

许多三、四岁的孩子上幼儿园和幼儿班(在英格兰还有小学校里的小班)。

某些民办的日托幼儿园和学前游戏小组(大都是家长组织的)也提供学前教育。

政府已作出承诺，要大力发展学前教育，使所有的儿童在开始上学的时候在识字和识数方面都有一点基础。

在英格兰和威尔土，政府从1998年9月开始为所有4岁的孩子提供免费幼儿教育，如果他们的父母需要的话。

政府还承诺，随后要分阶段实现为三岁的孩子提供免费幼儿教育的目标。

为达到这些目标，地方教育当局与民间志愿办学者合作，已制定出“早期教育发展计划”。

制订这类计划意在表明民办幼儿园、游戏小组和学校可以怎样通过合作来最好地为孩子和家长服务。

从1999年4月起，早期教育发展组织和发展计划将扩大范围，以提供与早期教育相结合的优良的儿童保健。

此外，政府还在英格兰与地方当局以及其它部门合作建立“优秀早期教育中心”，以展示教育与儿童保健方面的好的做法。

在苏格兰，地方教育当局一直领导这方面的工作。

1998年8月以来，他们与民间志愿办学者合作，进行规划，协调学前教育，提供更多名额。

政府计划在1998年冬季前使所有的儿童在上学前一年享受到良好的非全日制教育。

北爱尔兰义务教育入学年龄较低，为4岁，每年9月学生按统一日期入学。

一项由教育局与图书馆管理局、其它法定办学单位和民间志愿办学者联合执行的学前教育发展计划已经增加了学前教育学生的名额。

It isn't often that one has the chance to congratulate a noted woman writer on her 80th birthday. So on October 5 last year, when I went to Bing Xin's house, I felt very excited. I explained that I hoped she would tell me something about how she became a poet. "I haven't written poetry for many years," she said smiling. "But I still love to read good poetry."Bing Xin was fortunate to have parents who encouraged her to study and write. When she was attending a women's college in Beijing in 1919, an event occurred which changed the whole course of her life. That was the May 4th Movement, a patriotic democratic movement started by students in Beijing. The mass demonstrations made a deep impression on her. She threw herself into the struggle and was put in charge of publicity by the Student Union. She wrote poems, articles and stories, attacking imperialism and feudalism in its various forms.Going to the U.S. in 1923 to study literature, she wrote down her impressions on the way and during her stay there. These were published in the collection To Little Readers. The book brought her instant fame, not only because she was a woman writer, but also because of the noble sentiments in the book. Quite a few younger writers say it was Bing Xin's writings that started them on the road they have since followed.2004.11几个星期前,我问一个14岁的朋友,在学校的学习情况。

全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语三级笔译综合能力章节题库（完形填空）【圣才出品】第3章完形填空教育文化类练习1.It is clear that we are rapidly becoming a global culture. New forms of information technology, intercontinental travel, and the complex nature of economics are all elements in such a change. Japan, an ancient__________ (91) culture, now dominates the West economically while its own traditional__________(92) is rapidly becoming__________( 93 ) in the process.It does not take a great deal of analysis to see the vast interchanges of cultural influences in the world today. The thirst for__________(94) fashions, popular music, and the other dements of consumer culture__________(95) great inroads in non-Western lands while the West seeks out everything from the religious traditions of the East__________(96) the art and music these countries produce. In the field of__________(97), to cite one conspicuous example, contemporary readers seek books__________(98) those of the West. Latin American authors, as well as those from Africa, Asia, and India, now find appreciative audiences.A__________(99) culture does not mean a unitary or “one world” culture. It does mean that people are increasingly aware of the diversity of culture. World events enter our living rooms so that things that may once have been__________(100) of as distant__________(101) now greet us immediately and in color. We may watch those events on a television made in Japan while wearing clothes sewn in Thailand and shoes made in Hungarywhile snacking__________(102) food grown in Mexico. Such an economic interdependence reflects the reality of a global banking system, the globalization of the economy, and the increasing__________(103) of information and information technologies.__________(104) has this shrinking of distances (and attitudes) become more clear than in the academic debates over what constitutes a liberal__________(105) education today. Is it possible (orplace of non-Western and non-traditional cultures as part of the general__________(107) of a student is hotly argued in educational circles. The very fact of that discussion__________(108) to the emergence of a global consciousness with a continued shrinking of parochial attitudes. The__________(109) that such globalization is hotly debated only emphasizes the profound nature of the__________(110) taking place in our culture.91. A. primitive B. Eastern C. alien D. ethnic【答案】B【解析】语境搭配题。

真题2011年的三级笔译Section 1 English-Chinese Translation ( 50 points )Translate the following passage into Chinese.This month, the United Nations Development Program made water and sanitation the centerpiece of its flagship publication, the Human Development Report.Claims of a "water apartheid," where poor people pay more for water than the rich, are bound to attract attention. But what are the economics behind the problem, and how can it be fixed? In countries that have trouble delivering clean water to their people, a lack of infrastructure is often the culprit. People in areas that are not served by public utilities have to rely on costlier ways of getting water, such as itinerant water trucks and treks to wells. Paradoxically, as the water sources get costlier, the water itself tends to be more dangerous. Water piped by utilities - to the rich and the poor alike - is usually cleaner than water trucked in or collected from an outdoor tank.The problem exists not only in rural areas but even in big cities, said Hakan Bjorkman, program director of the UN agency in Thailand. Further, subsidies made to local water systems often end up benefiting people other than the poor, he added.The agency proposes a three-step solution. First, make access to 20 liters, or 5 gallons, of clean water a day a human right. Next, make local governments accountable for delivering this service. Last, invest in infrastructure to link people to water mains.The report says governments, especially in developing countries, should spend at least 1 percent of gross domestic product on water and sanitation. It also recommends that foreign aid be more directed toward these problems. Clearly, this approach relies heavily on government intervention, something Bjorkman readily acknowledged. But there are some market-based approaches as well.By offering cut-rate connections to poor people to the water mainline, the private water utility in Abidjan, Ivory Coast, has steadily increased access to clean water, according to the agency's report. A subsidy may not even be necessary, despite the agency's proposals, if a country can harness the economic benefits of providing clean water.People who receive clean water are much less likely to die from water-borne diseases - a common malady in the developing world - and much more likely to enjoy long, productive, taxpaying lives that can benefit their host countries. So if a government is trying to raise financing to invest in new infrastructure, it might find receptive ears in private credit markets - as long as it can harness the return. Similarly, private companies may calculate that it is worth bringing clean water to an area if its residents are willing to pay back the investment over many years.In the meantime, some local solutions are being found. In Thailand, Bjorkman said, some small communities are taking challenges like water access upon themselves. "People organize themselves in groups to leverage what little resources they have to help their communities," he said. "That's especially true out in the rural areas. They invest their money in revolving funds and saving schemes, and they invest themselves to improve their villages. "It is not always easy to take these solutions and replicate them in other countries, though. Assembling a broad menu of different approaches can be the first step in finding the right solution for a given region or country.出处：.nytimes./2006/11/14/business/worldbusiness/14iht-glob15.3535740.htmlSection 2 Chinese-English Translation ( 50 points )Translate the following passage into English.即使遇到丰收年景，对中国来说，要用世界百分之七的耕地养活全球五分之一的人口仍是一项艰巨的任务。

2014年5月翻译资格考试三级英语笔译真题及答案试题部分：Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (英译汉) Translate the following passage into Chinese.NARSAQ, Greenland —as icebergs in the Kayak Harbor pop and hiss while melting away, this remote Arctic town and its culture are also disappearing in a changing climate.Narsaq’s largest employer, a shrimp factory, closed a few years ago after the crustaceans fled north to cooler water. Where once there were eight commercial fishing vessels, there is now one.As a result, the populati on here, one of southern Greenland’s major towns, has been halved to 1,500 in just a decade. Suicides are up.“Fishing is the heart of this town,” said Hans Kaspersen, 63, a fisherman. “Lots of people have lost their livelihoods.”But even as warming temperatures are upending traditional Greenlandic life, they are also offering up intriguing new opportunities for this state of 57,000 —perhaps nowhere more so than here in Narsaq.Vast new deposits of minerals and gems are being discovered as Greenland’s massive ice cap recedes, forming the basis of a potentially lucrative mining industry. One of the world’s largest deposits of rare earth metals —essential for manufacturing cellphones, wind turbines and electric cars — sits just outside Narsaq. It has long been known that Greenland sat upon vast mineral lodes, and the Danish government has mapped them intermittently for decades. Niels Bohr, Denmark’s Nobel Prize-winning nuclear physicist and a member of the Manhattan Project, visited Narsaq in 1957 because of its uranium deposits.But previous attempts at mining mostly failed, proving too expensive in the inclement conditions. Now, warming has altered the equation.Greenland’s Bureau of Minerals and Petroleum, charged with managing the boom, currently has 150 active licenses for mineral exploration, up from 20 a decade ago. Altogether, companies spent $100 million exploring Greenland’s deposits last year, and several are applying for licenses to begin construction on new mines, bearing gold, iron and zinc and rare earths. There are also foreign companies exploring for offshore oil.The Black Angel lead and zinc mine, which closed in 1990, is applying to reopen this year, said Jorgen T.Hammeken-Holm, who oversees licensing at the country’s miningbureau, “because the ice is in retreat and you’re getting much more to explore.”The Greenlandic government hopes that mining will provide new revenue. In granting Greenland home rule in 2009, Denmark froze its annual subsidy, which is scheduled to be decreased further in the coming years.Here in Narsaq, a collection of brightly painted homes bordered by spectacular fjords, two foreign companies are applying to the government for permission to mine.That proximity promises employment, and the company is already schooling some young men in drilling and in English, the international language of mine operations. It plans to build a processing plant, a new port and more roads. (Greenland currently has none outside of settled areas.) Narsaq’s tiny airport, previously threatened with closure from lack of traffic, could be expanded. A local landlord is contemplating converting an abandoned apartment block into a hotel.“There will be a lot of people coming from outside and that will be a big challenge since Greenlandic culture has been isolated,” said Jasper Schroder, a student home in Narsaq from university in Denmark.Still, he supports the mine and hopes it will provide jobs and stem the rash of suicides, particularly among his peers; Greenland has one of the highest suicide rates in the world. “People in this culture don’t want to be a burden to their families if they can’t contribute,” he said.But not all are convinced of the benefits of mining. “Of course the mine will help the local economy and will help Greenla nd, but I’m not so sure if it will be good for us,” said Dorothea Rodgaard, who runs a local guesthouse. “We are worried about the loss of nature.”Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (汉译英) Translate the following passage into English.中华民族历经磨难，自强不息，从未放弃对美好梦想的向往和追求。

CATTI英语三级笔译实务真题与答案附送备考经验【2013年-2017年】目录一次性通过CATTI三级和二级备考经验 (2)2017.11 CATTI 英语三级《笔译实务》真题与答案 (7)2017.5 CATTI 英语三级《笔译实务》真题与答案 (10)2016.11 CATTI 英语三级《笔译实务》真题与答案 (12)2016.5 CATTI 英语三级《笔译实务》真题与答案 (14)2015.11 CATTI 英语三级《笔译实务》真题与答案 (16)2015.5 CATTI 英语三级《笔译实务》真题与答案 (18)2014.11 CATTI 英语三级《笔译实务》真题与答案 (20)2014.5CATTI 英语三级《笔译实务》真题与答案 (22)2013.11 CATTI 英语三级《笔译实务》真题与答案 (25)2013.5 CATTI 英语三级《笔译实务》真题与答案 (27)一次性通过CATTI三级和二级备考经验其实写下经验贴几个字有点忐忑，谈不上经验，就整理一下我这一学年的翻译之路吧，就算给自己做一个阶段总结~学习情况：大一过四六级，专四优秀（80），去年11月过三笔，今年5月过二笔。

考试感想：综合：可以看出我两次综合成绩都不高，大部分人都会上70,80＋的也大有人在，所以我这个综合可以说是非常差了。

这里总结教训就是三个字：背单词！！！我之前是个不爱背单词的人，一般都凭着平时多看，然后看熟了自然就记住了，这种方法应对高考还有四六级什么的问题都不大，但是去年底考三笔的时候，我看着综合卷子真的欲哭无泪，选择题有几道中四个选项我一个都不认识，或者是眼熟但是搞不清意思，这就跟不认识是一样的。

所以去年底考完三笔我痛下决心，当天晚上就开始背单词。

背单词这事我是真的不喜欢，所以没有买单词书，因为我知道我买了肯定也不看，所以就下了APP背单词。

我曾经用过拓词，感觉界面很简洁，非常不错，后来开始用百词斩，算是比较有特色的APP，也还不错。

2015年5月CATTI英语三级笔译实务试题英译汉：For generations,coal has been the lifeblood of this mineral-rich stretch of eastern Utah.Mining families proudly recall all the years they toiled underground.Supply companies line the town streets.Above the road that winds toward the mines,a soot-smudged miner peers out from a billboard with the slogan“Coal=Jobs.”But recently,fear has settled in.The state’s oldest coal-fired power plant,tucked among the canyons near town,is set to close,a result of new,stricter federal pollution regulations.As energy companies tack away from coal,toward cleaner,cheaper natural gas, people here have grown increasingly afraid that their community may soon slip away. Dozens of workers at the facility here,the Carbon Power Plant,have learned that they must retire early or seek other jobs.Local trucking and equipment outfits are preparing to take business elsewhere.“There are a lot of people worried,”said Kyle Davis,who has been employed at the plant since he was18.But Rocky Mountain Power,the utility that operates the plant,has determined that it would be too expensive to retrofit the aging plant to meet new federal standards on mercury emissions.The plant is scheduled to be shut by April2015.For the last several years,coal plants have been shutting down across the country, driven by tougher environmental regulations,flattening electricity demand and a move by utilities toward natural gas.The Environmental Protection Agency estimates that the stricter emissions regulations for the plants will result in billions of dollars in related health savings,and will have a sweeping impact on air quality.“Coal plants are the single largest source of dangerous carbon pollution in the United States,and we have ready alternatives like wind and solar to replace them,”said Bruce Nilles,director of the Sierra Club’s Beyond Coal campaign,which wants to shut all of the nation’s coal plants.For many here,coal jobs are all they know.The industry united the area during hard times,too,especially during the dark days after nine men died in a2007mining accident some35miles down the highway.Virtually everyone around Price knew the men,six of whom remain entombed in the mountainside.But there is quiet acknowledgment that Carbon County will have to change—if not now,soon.Pete Palacios,who worked in the mines for43years,has seen coal roar and fade here. Now86,his eyes grew cloudy as he recalled his first mining job.He was12,and earned$1a day.“I’m retired,so I’ll be fine.But these young guys?”Pete Palacios said,his voice trailing off.汉译英：天柱县位于贵州省东部，是川渝黔通往两广、江浙的重要门户。

2005年5月CATTI翻译三级笔译综合能力真题（附答案）Section1:Vocabulary and Grammar(25points)This section consists of3parts.Read the directions for each part before answering the questions. The time for this section is25minutes.Part1Vocabulary SelectionIn this part,there are20incomplete sentences.Below each sentence,there are4choices respectively marked by letters A,B,C and D.Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence.There is only ONE right answer.Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1.We have had to raise the prices of our products because of the increase in the cost of ______materials.A.primitiveB.roughC.originalD.raw2.With an eighty-hour week and little enjoyment,life must have been very______for the students.A.hostileB.anxiousC.tediousD.obscure3.Whenever the government increases public services,______because more workers are needed to carry out these services.A.employment to riseB.employment risesC.which rising employmentD.the rise of employment4.Our flight to Guangzhou was______by a bad fog and we had to stay much longer in the hotel than we had expected.A.delayedB.adjournedC.cancelledD.preserved5.Container-grown plants can be planted at any time of the year,but______in winter.A.should beB.would beC.preferredD.preferably6.Both longitude and latitude______in degrees,minutes and seconds.A.measuringB.measuredC.are measuredD.being measured7.Most comets have two kinds of tails,one made up of dust,______made up of electrically charged particles called plasma.A.one anotherB.the otherC.other onesD.each other8.Good pencil erasers are soft enough not______paper but hard enough so that they crumble gradually when used.A.by damagingB.so that they damageC.to damageD.damaging9.The magician picked several persons______from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance.A.by accidentB.at randomC.on occasionD.on average10.On turning the comer,they saw the path______steeply.A.departingB.descendingC.decreasingD.degenerating11.English language publications in China are growing in volume and______.A.circulationB.rotationC.circumstanceD.appreciation121.Hydroponics______the cultivation of plants without soil.A.doesB.isC.doD.are13.To impose computer technology______teachers is to create an environment that is not conducive to learning.A.withB.toC.inD.on14.Marketing is______just distributing goods from the manufacturer to the final customer.A.rather thanB.other thanC.bigger thanD.more than15.______a language family is a group of languages with a common origin and similar vocabulary,grammar,and sound system.A.What linguists callB.It is called by linguistsC.Linguists call itD.What do linguists call16.In the eighteenth century,the town of Bennington,Vermont,was famous for______ pottery.A.it madeB.itsC.the makingD.where its17.______get older,the games they play become increasingly complex.A.ChildrenB.Children,when theyC.As childrenD.For children to18.______of his childhood home in Hannibal,Missouri,provided Mark Twain with the inspiration for two of his most popular novels.A.RememberingB.MemoriesC.It was the memoriesD.He remembered19.Dust storms most often occur in areas where the ground has little vegetation to protect ______of the wind.A.from the effectsB.it the effectsC.it from the effectsD.the effects from it20.Most nurses are women,but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are a ______.A.scarcityB.minorityC.minimumD.shortagePart2Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of15sentences;in each sentence one word or phrase is underlined.Below each sentence,there are4choices respectively marked by letters A,B,C and D.Choose the word orphrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence.There is only ONE right answer.Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.21.Shellfish give the deceptive appearance of enjoying a peaceful existence,although in fact life is a constant struggle for them.A.misleadingB.calmC.understandableD.initial22.The most striking technological success in the20th century is probably the computer revolution.A.profitableB.productiveC.prominentD.prompt23.Scientific evidence from different disciplines demonstrates that in most humans the left hemisphere of the brain controls language.A.groups of followersB.yearsC.countriesD.fields of study24.Public relations practice is the deliberate,planned and sustained effort to establish and maintain mutual understanding between an organization and its public.pleteB.relatedC.intentionalD.active25.The use of the new technology will have a profound effect on schools.A.negativeB.positiveC.strongeful26.If we look at the Chinese and British concepts of hospitality,we find one major similarity but a number of important differences.A.hostilityB.friendlinessC.mannerD.culture27.In just three years,the Net has gone from a playground for the local people to a vast communications and trading center where millions swap information or do deals around the world.A.businessB.shoppingC.chattingD.meeting28.Most species of this plant thrive in ordinary well-drained garden soil and they are best planted8cm deep and5cm apart.A.develop wellB.grow tallerC.matureD.bear fruit29.Motivation is the driving force within individuals that impels them to action.A.impedesB.interferesC.holdsD.pushes30.The ultimate cause of the Civil War was the bombardment of Fort Sumter.A.onlyB.finalC.trueD.special31.No hero of ancient or modern days can surpass the Indians with their lofty contempt of death and the fortitude with which they sustain its cruelest affliction.A.regardB.courageC.lossD.trick32.The service economy doesn't suggest that we convert our factories into laundries to survive.A.implyB.persuadeC.hurlD.transform33.It was rather strange how the habits of his youth clung to him still.He was72.A.stuck toB.turnedC.led toD.gave way to34.He has a touch of eccentricity in his composition.A.essayB.writingC.characterD.manner35.Jim was a stout old gentleman,with a weather-beaten countenance.A.bodyB.skinC.shoulderD.passionate interestPart3Error CorrectionThis part consists of15sentences;in each sentence there is an underlined part that indicates an error.Below each sentence,there are4choices respectively marked by letters A,B,C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part so that the error is corrected. There is only ONE right answer.Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.36.Not much people realize that apples have been cultivated for over3,000years.A.Not manyB.Not enoughC.Without manyD.No many37.The eastern bluebird is considered the most attractive bird native of North America by many bird-watchers.A.nativeB.native withC.native byD.native to38.All living creatures pass on inherited traits from one generation to other.A.the otherB.anotherC.othersD.other one39.Furniture makers use glue to hold joints together and sometimes to reinforce it.A.itsB.fastC.hardD.them40.The hard,out surface of the tooth is called enamel.A.outsideB.appearanceC.outerD.hiding41.The earliest form of artificial lighting was fire,which also provided warm and protection.A.hotB.sunshineC.warmthD.safe42.All mammals have hair,but not always evident.A.but it is notB.but it isC.but they are notD.but they are43.A professor of economic and history at Atlanta University,W.E.B.Du Bois,promoted full racial equality.A.economyB.economicsC.economicalD.economic44.Machines that use hydraulic pressure including elevators,dentist chairs,and automobile brakes.A.excludeB.excludingC.includeD.are included45.The first recorded use of natural gas to light street lamps it was in the town of Frederick, New York,in1825.A.wasB.isC.it isD.were46.Although the social sciences different a great deal from one another,they share a common interest in human relationship.A.moveB.differC.changeD.varies47.Unlike competitive running,race walkers must always keep some portion of their feet in contact with the ground.A.runB.runnerC.runnersD.running race48.A promising note is a written agreement to pay a certain sum of money at some time future.A.time futuresB.futuresC.futures timeD.future time49.New York City surpassed the other Atlantic seaports in partly because it developed the best transportation links with the interior of the country.A.partB.partialC.partnerD.parting50.All root vegetables grow underground,and not all vegetables that grow underground are roots.A.butB.orC.asD.thusSection2:Reading Comprehension(55points)In this section you will find after each of the passages a number of questions or unfinished statements about the passage,each with4(A,B,C and D)choices to complete the statement.You must choose the one which you think fits best.Then blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.The time for this section is75minutes.Phyllis Wheatley is regarded as America's first black poet.She was born in Senegal,Africa, about1753and brought to America aboard a slave ship at about the age of seven.John and Susannah Wheatley bought her for three pounds at a slave auction in Boston in1761to be a personal servant of Mrs.Wheatley.The family had three other slaves,and all were treated with respect.Phyllis was soon accepted as one of the family,which included being raised and educated with the Wheatley's twin15-year-old children,Mary and Nathaniel.At that time,most females, even from better families,could not read and write,but Mary was probably one of the best educated young women in Boston.Mary wanted to become a teacher,and in fact,it was Mary who decided to take charge of Phyllis's education.Phyllis soon displayed her remarkable talents. At the age of twelve she was reading the Greek and Latin classics and passages from the Bible. And eventually.Mrs.Wheatley decided Phyllis should become a Christian.At the age of thirteen Phyllis wrote her first poem.She became a Boston sensation after shewrote a poem on the death of the evangelical preacher George Whitfield in1770.It became common practice in Boston to have"Mrs.Wheatley's Phyllis"read poetry in polite society.Mary married in1771,and Phyllis later moved to the country because of poor health,as a teacher and caretaker to a farmer's three children.Mary had tried to interest publishers in Phyllis's poems but once they heard she was a Negro they weren't interested.Then in1773Phyllis went with Nathaniel,who was now a businessman,to London.It was thought that a sea voyage might improve her health.Thirty-nine of her poems were published in London as Poems on Various Subjects,Religious and Moral.It was the first book published by a black American.In1775Phyllis wrote a poem extolling the accomplishments of George Washington and sent it to him.He responded by praising her talents and inviting her to visit his headquarters.After both of her benefactors died in1777,and Mary died in1778,Phyllis was freed as a slave.She married in1778,moved away from Boston,and had three children.But after the unhappy marriage,she moved back to Boston,and died in poverty at the age of thirty.51.What does the passage mainly discuss?A.Slavery and the treatment of the black people in America.B.The Wheatley family,including their slaves.C.The life of America's first black poet.D.The achievements of Phyllis Wheatley.52.The underlined word"respect"in Paragraph1is closest in meaning to______.A.considerationB.disregardC.punishmentD.behavior53.According to the passage,how many slaves did the Wheatley's have?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.54.According to the passage,an unusual feature of Mary was that she______.A.was not much older than PhyllisB.wanted to become a teacherC.was comparatively well educatedD.decided to take charge of Phyllis's education55.The underlined word"eventually"in Paragraph1is closest in meaning to______.A.ultimatelyB.slowlyC.reluctantlyD.gradually56.Which of the following is NOT true about Phyllis in the early1770s?A.She wrote her first poem when in her teens.B.She married in1771.C.She became a teacher.D.She was able to get her poems published.57.The underlined word"they"in Paragraph2refers to______A.publishersB.poemsC.childrenD.black people58.It can be inferred that Phyllis's trip to England with Nathaniel in1773______A.did not improve her healthB.was for business reasonsC.led to books of her poems being available in AmericaD.led to the publication of her poems because the English were more interested in religious and moral subjects59.The word"extolling"is closest in meaning to______A.welcomingB.statingC.bemoaningD.praising60.Which of the following conclusions about Phyllis is supported by the passage?A.She would have been more recognized as a poet if she had not been black.B.She would have written poetry if she had stayed in Africa.C.She went unrecognized as a poet during her lifetime.D.She only wrote religious poetry.About fifty years ago,plant physiologists set out to grow roots by themselves in solutions in laboratory flasks.The scientists found that the nutrition of isolated roots was quite simple.They required sugar and the usual minerals and vitamins.However,they did not require organic nitrogen compounds.These roots got along fine on mineral inorganic nitrogen.Roots are capable of making their own proteins and other organic compounds.These activities by roots require energy,of course:The process of respiration uses sugar to make the high energy compound ATP, which drives the biochemical reactions.Respiration also requires oxygen.Highly active roots require a good deal of oxygen.The study of isolated roots has provided an understanding of the relationship between shoots and roots in intact plants.The leaves of the shoots provide the roots with sugar and vitamins,and the roots provide the shoots with water and minerals.In addition,roots can provide the shoots with organic nitrogen compounds.This comes in handy for the growth of buds in the early spring when leaves are not yet functioning.Once leaves begin photosynthesizing,they produce protein,but only mature leaves can"export"protein to the rest of the plant in the form of amino acids.61.What is the main topic of the passage?A.The relationship between a plant's roots and its shoots.B.What can be learned by growing roots in isolation.C.How plants can be grown without roots.D.What elements are necessary for the growth of plants.62.The underlined word"themselves"in Paragraph1refers to______A.plant physiologistsB.solutionsboratory flasksD.roots63.The scientists found what the isolated roots need is______A.quite naturalB.sugar,minerals and vitaminsC.some rare vitaminsanic nitrogen compounds64.Roots have the ability to______A.make proteinsB.obtain fresh airC.produce inorganic nitrogenD.carry out activities without energy65.According to the passage,what is ATP?A.A biochemical process.B.The tip of a root.C.A chemical compound.D.A type of plant cell.66.The underlined word"intact"in Paragraph2is closest in meaning to______A.matureB.wildC.wholeD.tiny67.The use of the phrase"comes in handy"underlined in Paragraph2indicates that the process is______A.unavoidableB.predictableC.necessaryD.successful68.It can be inferred from the passage that,in the early spring,the buds of plants______A."export"protein in the form of amino acidsB.do not require waterC.have begun photosynthesizingD.obtain organic compounds from the root69.Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?A.The results of two experiments are compared.B.A generalization is made,and several examples of it are given.C.The findings of an experiment are explained.D.A hypothesis is presented,and several means of proving it are suggested.70.Where is this passage likely to be found?A.A newsletter.B.A magazine.C.A storybook.D.A novel.Natural flavorings and fragrances are often costly and limited in supply.For example,the vital ingredient in a rose fragrance is extracted from natural rose oil at a cost of thousands of dollars a pound;an identical synthetic substance can be made for1%of this cost.Since the early twentieth century,success in reproducing these substances has created a new industry that today produces hundreds of artificial flavors and fragrances.Some natural fragrances are easily synthesized;these include vanillin,the aromatic ingredient in vanilla,and benzaldehyde,the aromatic ingredient in wild cherries.Other fragrances,however, have dozens,even hundreds of components.Only recently has it been possible to separate and identit3,these ingredients by the use of gas chromatography and spectroscopy.Once the chemical identity is known,it is often possible to synthesize them.Nevertheless,some complex substances, such as the aroma of fresh coffee,have still not been duplicated satisfactorily.Many of the chemical compounds making up these synthetics are identical to those found in nature,and are as harmless or harmful as the natural substances.New products must be tested for safety,and when used in food,must be approved by the U.S.Food and Drug Administration.The availability of synthetic flavors and fragrances has made possible a large variety of products,from inexpensive beverages to perfumed soap to used cars with applied"new car odor."71.From the passage we can learn that______A.natural flavorings and fragrances are not quite dearB.the limitation of natural flavorings and fragrances is clearC.the supply of natural flavorings and fragrances is adequate to meet the demandD.the cost of producing natural flavorings and fragrances is high72.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.Natural rose fragrance is100times more expensive to produce than artificial rose fragrance.B.The most important ingredient in a rose fragrance is obtained from natural rose oil at a low cost.C.A different synthetic substance can be made for1%of the cost.D.Natural rose oil costs the same as its fragrances.73.The industry of producing hundreds of artificial flavors and fragrances probably appeared in______A.2000B.1953C.1909D.181074.According to the passage,all the following are easier to synthesize EXCEPT______A.aromatic ingredient in vanillaB.vanillaC.aromatic ingredient in wild cherryD.the flavor of fresh coffee75.The underlined word"duplicated"in Paragraph2is closest in meaning to______A.make doubleB.make a copy ofC.produce something equal toD.take from76.Why does the author mention fresh coffee in Paragraph2?A.As an example of complex substances having not been duplicated satisfactorily.B.Because the coffee fragrance is hard to produce.C.To conclude the passage.D.The smell of fresh coffee is inviting.77.______a substance can be synthesized.A.Upon identifying the basic components of itB.Once chemically analyzedC.When gas chromatography is usedD.If spectroscopy is adopted78.It can be inferred from the passage that______A.vanillin is easier to synthesize than benzaldehydeB.not all synthetic flavors are harmlessC.in general,the less components there are in a fragrance,the harder it is to synthesizeD.synthesized substances must be tested for safety only if they are used in food79.Which of the following is the best title for tile passage?A.How to Synthesize FragrancesB.Synthetic Substances Are Easy to MakeC.Natural Flavorings and FragrancesD.Synthetic Flavors and Fragrances80.Which of the following is NOT true according to the last paragraph?A.Synthetic fragrances can be used to make a used car smell like a new one.B.Synthetic flavors and fragrances have added to the varieties of products.C.Lemon soap is made out of some delicious lemon.D.It is likely that a bottle of orange juice is synthesized.Some people associate migration mainly with birds.Birds do travel vast distances,but mammals also migrate.An example is the caribou,reindeer that graze on the grassy slopes of northern Canada.When the weather turns cold,they travel south until spring.Their tracks are so well-worn that they are clearly visible from the air.Another migrating mammal is the Alaska fur seal.These seals breed only in the Pribilot Islands in the Bering Sea.The young are born in June and by September are strong enough to go with their mothers on a journey of over3,000miles. Together they swim down the Pacific Coast of North America.The females and young travel as far as southern California.The males do not journey so far.They swim only to the Gulf of Alaska.In the spring,males and females all return to the islands,and there the cycle begins again.Whales are among the greatest migrators of all.The humpback and blue whales migrate thousands of miles each year from the polar seas to the tropics.Whales eat huge quantities of plankton.These are most abundant in cold polar waters.In winter,the whales move to warm waters to breed and give birth to their young.81.From the passage we can learn that______A.people migrate like animalsB.only birds migrateC.the female fur seals migrate only to the Gulf of AlaskaD.not all mammals migrate82.The phrase"An example"underlined in Paragraph1refers to an example of a______A.migratory mammalB.place where animals migrateC.migrating birdD.person who associates migration with birds83.All the mammals are mentioned as migrating ones EXCEPT______A.caribouB.fin whaleC.reindeerD.Alaska fur seal84.Where can you see from the air the migration of the mammals?A.In the Pribilot Islands.B.In the Bering Sea.C.In southern California.D.In northern Canada.85.Which of the following is NOT true?A.Whales breed in winter.B.Young whales are given birth in cold waters.C.Alaska fur seals give birth to the young only in one area.D.Alaska fur seals are born in warm weather.86.Together______of Alaska fur seals swim down the Pacific Coast of North America.A.mothers and the youngB.fathers and the youngC.parents and the youngD.seals and whales87.Which of the following is NOT described in the passage?A.Whales migrate to breed and give birth to their young.B.Whale-watching in Boston in summer is attracting.C.Seals breed in the north before migration.D.Reindeer feed on grass.88.Whales live on______A.tiny plants and animals in the seaB.the grassy slopes of northern CanadaC.their young in cold winterD.the abundant seafood in tropic waters89.How many kinds of migrating mammals are mentioned in the passage?A.Four.B.Three.C.Two.D.One.90.What is the best title of the passage?A.Three Types of WhalesB.Birds MigrationC.Mammals Also MigrateD.Several Kinds of MigrationElectronic mail has become an extremely important and popular means of communication.The convenience and efficiency of electronic mail are threatened by the extremely rapid growth in the volume of unsolicited commercial electronic mail.Unsolicited commercial electronic mail is currently estimated to account for over half of all electronic mall traffic,up from an estimated7percent in2001,and the volume continues to rise.Most of these messages are fraudulent or deceptive in one or more respects.The receipt of unsolicited commercial electronic mail may result in costs to recipients who cannot refuse to accept such mail and who incur costs for the storage of such mail,or for the time spent accessing,reviewing,and discarding such mail,or for both.The receipt of a large number of unwanted messages also decreases the convenience of electronic mall and creates a risk that wanted electronic mail messages,both commercial and noncommercial,will be lost,overlooked, or discarded amidst the larger volume of unwanted messages,thus reducing the reliability and usefulness of electronic mail to the recipient.Some commercial electronic mail contains material that many recipients may consider vulgar or pornographic in nature.The growth in unsolicited commercial electronic mail imposes significant monetary costs on providers of Internet access services,businesses,and educational and nonprofit institutions that carry and receive such mail,as there is a finite volume of mail that such providers,businesses,and institutions can handle without further investment in infrastructure.Many senders of unsolicited commercial electronic mail purposefully disguise the source of such mall.Many senders of unsolicited commercial electronic mall purposefully include misleading information in the messages'subject lines in order to induce the recipients to view the messages. While some senders of commercial electronic mail messages provide simple and reliable ways for recipients to reject(or'opt-out'of)receipt of commercial electronic mall from such senders in the future,other senders provide no such'opt-out'mechanism,or refuse to honor the requests of recipients not to receive electronic mail from such senders in the future,or both.Many senders of bulk unsolicited commercial electronic mail use computer programs to gather large numbers of electronic mail addresses on an automated basis from Internet websites or online services where users must post their addresses in order to make full use of the website or service.The problems associated with the rapid growth and abuse of unsolicited commercial electronic mall cannot be solved by the government alone.The development and adoption of techno-logical approaches and the pursuit of cooperative efforts with other countries will be necessary as well.91.According to the passage,efficiency of e-mail is threatened by______A.heavy e-mail trafficB.fraudulent e-mail messagesrge volume of messagesD.increasing amount of unwanted e-mail92.Which of the following is NOT true about unwanted e-mail?A.It costs money to receive them.B.It's free to store them.C.It takes time to access them.D.It takes time to throw them away.93.Unwanted e-mail may______A.cause companies to fail in businessB.cause wanted e-mail messages to loseC.damage the credit of a companyD.do good to a small company94."Pornographic"in Paragraph3probably means______A.decentB.instructionalC.sexualmercial95.What does unwanted e-mail messages do to the providers of the Internet services?A.Raising their cost.B.Raising the Internet speed.C.Improving their business.D.Attracting investment.96."Disguise"in Paragraph4is closest in meaning to______A.revealB.hideC.deliverD.post97.The word"induce"in Paragraph5is closest in meaning to______A.cheatB.introduceC.provideD.harm98."Opt-out"mechanism is probably______A.a machine that can be attached to your computerB.a button that you can make a choice to read or not to readC.a software that you can play a computer gameD.an e-mail that says some good words to you99.It can be inferred from Paragraph6that bulk unsolicited commercial e-mail will probably spread______A.harmful virusB.unpleasant newsC.advertisementsD.adult jokes100.The unwanted e-mail problem can be solved if______A.the government takes action。

CATTI三级笔译综合能力附答案CATTI三级笔译综合能力Section1: vocabulary and grammar Part1 vocabulary selection1. We have had to raise the prices of our products because of the increase in the cost of ___materials.A primitiveB .roughC originalD raw2. With an eight-hour week and little enjoyment, life must have been very ___for the students.A hostileB anxiousC tediousD obscure3. Whenever the government increases public services, ___because more workers are needed to carry out these services.A employment to riseB employment risesC which rising employmentD the rise of employment4. Our flight to Guangzhou was___ by a bad fog and we had to stay much longer in the hotel than we had expected.A delayedB adjournedC cancelledD preserved5. Container-grown plants can be planted at any time of the year, but___ in winter.A should beB would beC preferredD preferably6. Both longitude and latitude___ in degrees, minutes and seconds.A measuringB measuredC are measuredD being measured7. Most comets have two kinds of tails, one made up of dust, ___ made up of electrically charged particles called plasma.A one anotherB the otherC other onesD each other8. Good pencil erasers are soft enough not___ paper but hard enough so tat they crumble gradually when used.A by damagingB so that they damagingC to damageD damaging9. The magician picked several persons___ from the audience and asked tem to help him with the performance.A by accidentB at randomC on occasionD on average10. On turning the corner, they saw the path___ steeply.A departingB descendingC decreasingD degenerating11. English language publications in China are growing in volume and___.A circulationB rotationC circumstanceD appreciating12. Hydroponics___ the cultivation of plants without soil.A doesB isC doD .are13. To impose computer technology___ teachers is to create an environment that is not conducive to learning.A withB toC inD on14. Marketing is___ just distributing goods from the manufacturer to the final customer.A rather thanB other thanC bigger thanD more than15. ___ a language family is a group of languages with a common origin and similar vocabulary, grammar, and sound system.A What linguists callB It is called by linguistsC Linguists call itD What dolinguists call16. In the eighteenth century, the town of Bennington, Vermont, was famous for___ pottery.A it madeB itsC the makingD where its17. ___ get older, the games they play become increasingly complex.A ChildrenB Children, when theyC As childrenD For children to18. ___ of his childhood home in Hannibal, Missouri, provided Mark Twain with the inspiration for two of his most popular novels.A RememberingB MemoriesC It was the memoriesD He remembered19. Dust storms most often occur in areas where the ground has little vegetation to protect___ of the wind.A From the effectsB it the effectsC it from the effectsD the effects from it20. Most nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of themedical profession women are a___.A scarcityB minorityC minimumD shortagePart2 vocabulary replacement21. Shellfish give the deceptive appearance of enjoying a peaceful existence, although in fact life is a constant struggle for them.A misleadingB calmC understandableD initial22. The most striking technological success in the 20th century is probably the computer revolution.A profitableB productiveC prominentD prompt23. Scientific evidence from different disciplines demonstrates that in most humans the left hemisphere of the brain controls language.A. groups of follows B years C countries D fields of study24. Public relations practice is the deliberate, planned and sustained effort to establish and maintain mutual understanding between an organization and its publicA completeB relatedC intentionalD active25. The use of the new technology will have a profound effect on schools.A negativeB positiveC strongD useful26. If we look at the Chinese and British concepts of hospitality, we find one major similarity but a number of important differences.A hostilityB friendlinessC mannerD culture27. In just three years, the Net has gone from a playground for the local people toa vast communications and trading center where millions swap information or do deals around the world.A businessB shoppingC chattingD meeting28. Most species of this plant thrive in ordinary well-drained garden soil and they are best planted 8cm deep and 5cm apart.A develop wellB grow tallerC matureD bear fruit29. Motivation is the driving force within individuals that impels them to action.A impedesB interferesC holdsD pushes30. The ultimate cause of the Civil War was the bombardment of Fort Sumter.A. only B final C true D special31. No hero of ancient or modern days can surpass the Indians with their lofty contempt of death and the fortitude with which they sustain its cruelest affliction.A regardB courageC lossD track32. The service economy doesn't suggest that we convert our factories into laundries to survive.A implyB persuadeC hurlD transform33. It was rather strange how the habits of his youth clung to him still. He was 72.A stuck toB turnedC led toD gave way to34. He has a touch of eccentricity in his composition.A. essay B writing C character D manner35. Jim was a stout old gentleman, with a weather-beaten countenance.A bodyB skinC shoulderD passionate interestPart3 error correction36. Not much people realize that apples have been cultivated for over 3,000 years.A Not manyB Not enoughC Without manyD No many37. The eastern bluebird is considered the most attractive bird native of North America by many bird-watchers.A nativeB native withC native byD native to38. All living creatures pass on inherited traits from one generation to other.A the otherB anotherC the otherD other one39. Furniture makers use glue to hold joints together and sometimes to reinforce it.A itsB fastC hardD them40. The hard, out surface of the tooth is called enamel.A outsideB appearanceC outerD hiding41. The earliest form of artificial lighting was fire, which also provided warm and protection.A hotB sunshineC warmthD safe42. All mammals have hair, but not always evident.A but it is notB but it isC but they are notD but they are43. A professor of economic and history at Atlanta University, W.E.B. Du Bois, promoted full racial equality.A economyB economicsC economicalD economic44. Machines that use hydraulic pressure including elevators, dentist chairs, and automobile brakes.A excludeB excludingC includeD are included45. The first recorded use of nature gas to light street lamps it was in the town of Frederick, New York, in 1825.A wasB isC it isD were46. Although the social sciences different a great deal from one another, they sharea common interest in human relationship.A moveB differC changeD varies47. Unlike competitive running, race walkers must always keep some portion of their feet in contact of the ground.A runB runnerC runnersD running race48. A promising note is a written agreement to pay a certain sum of money at some time future.A time futuresB futuresC futures timeD future time49. New York City surpassed the other Atlantic seaports in partly because it developed the best transportation links with the interior of the country.A partB partialC partnerD parting50. All root vegetables grow underground, and not all vegetables that grow underground are roots.A butB orC asD thusSection2: reading comprehension(1)Phyllis Wheatley is regarded as America's first black poet. She was born in Senegal, Africa, about 1753 and brought to America abroad a slave ship at about the age of seven. John and Susannah Wheatley bought her for three pounds at a slave auction in Boston in 1761 to be a personal servant of Mrs. Wheatley. The family had three other slaves, and all were treated with respect. Phyllis was soon accepted as one of the family, which included being raised and educated with the Wheatley's twin15- year-old children, Mary and Nathaniel. At that time, most females, even from better families, could not read and write, but Mary was probably one of the best educated young women in Boston. Mary wanted to become a teacher, and in fact, it was Mary who decided to take charge of Phyllis's education. Phyllis soon displayedher remarkable talents. At the age of twelve she was reading the Greek and Latin classics and passages from the Bible. And eventually, Mrs. Wheatley decided Phyllis should become a Christian.At the age of thirteen Phyllis wrote her first poem. She became a Boston sensation after she wrote a poem on the death of the evangelical preacher George Whitfield in 1770. It became common practice in Boston to have “Mrs. Wheatley's Phyllis” read poetry in polite society. Mary married in 1771, and Phyllis later moved to the country because of poor health, as a teacherand caretaker to a farmer's three children. Mary had tried to interest publishers in Phyllis's poems but once they heard she was a Negro they weren't interested.Then in 1773 Phyllis went with Nathaniel, who was now a businessman, to London.It was thought that a sea voyage might improve her health. Thirty-nine of her poems were published in London as Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral. It was the first book published by a black American. In 1775 Phyllis wrote a poem extolling the accomplishments of George Washington and sent it to him. He responded by praising her talents and inviting her to visit his headquarters. After both of her benefactors died in 1777, and Mary died in1778, Phyllis was freed as a slave. She married in 1778, moved away from Boston, and had three children. But after the unhappy marriage, she moved back to Boston, and died in poverty at the age of thirty.51. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. Slavery and the treatment of the black people in America.B. The Wheatley family, including their slaves.s first black poet.' C. The life of AmericaD. The achievements of Phyllis Wheatley.52. The underlined word “respect” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to___.A. considerationB. disregardC. punishment D behavior53. According to the passage, how many slaves did the Wheatley's have?A. OneB. TwoC. ThreeD. Four54. According to the passage, an unusual feature of Mary was that she___.A. was not much older than PhyllisB. wanted to become a teacherC. was comparatively well educatedD. decided to take charge of Phyllis's education55. The underlined word “eventually” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to___.A. ultimatelyB. slowlyC. reluctantlyD. gradually56. Which of the following is NOT true about Phyllis in the early 1770s?A. She wrote her first poem when in her teens.B. She married in 1771.C. She became a teacher.D. She was be able to get her poems published.57. The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refers to___.A publishersB poemsC childrenD black people58. It can be inferred that Phyllis's trip to England with Nathaniel in 1773___.A. did not improve her healthB. was for business reasonsC. led to books of her poems being available in AmericaD. led to the publication of her poems because the English were more interested in religious and moral subjects59. The word “extolling” is closest in meaning to___A. She would have been more recognized as a poet if she had not been black.B. She would have written poetry if she had stayed in Africa.C. She went unrecognized as a poet during her lifetime.D. She only wrote religious poetry.(2)About fifty years ago, plant physiologists set out to grow roots by themselvesin solutions in laboratory flasks. The scientists found that the nutrition of isolated roots was quite simple. They required sugar and the usual minerals and vitamins. However, they did not require organic nitrogen compounds. These roots got along fine on mineral inorganic nitrogen. Roots are capable of making their own proteins and other organic compounds. These activities by roots require energy, of course. The process of respiration uses sugar to make the high energy compound ATP, which drives the biochemical reactions. Respiration also require oxygen. Highly active roots require a good deal of oxygen.The study of isolated roots has provided an understanding of the relationship between shoots and roots in intact plants. The leaves of the shoots provide the roots with sugar and vitamins, and the roots provide the shoots with water and minerals.comesThis compounds. nitrogen organic with shoots the provide can roots addition, Inin handy for the growth of buds in the early spring whenleaves are not yet functioning. Once leaves begin photosynthesizing, they produce protein, but only mature leaves can “export” protein to the rest of the plant in the form of amino acids.61. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The relationship between a plant's roots and its shoots.B. What can be learned by growing roots in isolation.C. How plants can be grown without roots.D. What elements are necessary for the growth of plants.62. The underlined word “themselves” in Paragraph 1 refers to___.A. plant physiologistsB. solutionsC. laboratory flasksD. roots63. The scientists found what the isolated roots need is___.A. quite naturalB. sugar, minerals and vitaminsC. some rare vitaminsD. organic nitrogen compounds64. Roots have the ability to___.A. make proteinsB. obtain fresh airC. produce inorganic nitrogenD. carry out activities without energy65. According to the passage, what is ATP?A. A biochemical processB. The tip of a rootC. A chemical compoundD. A type of plant cell66. The underlined word “intact” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to___.A. matureB. wildC. wholeD. tiny67. The use of the phrase “comes in handy” underlined in Paragraph 2 indicates that the process is___.A. unavoidableB. predictableC. necessaryD. successful68. It can be inferred from the passage that, in the early spring, the buds of plants___.A. “export” protein in the form of amino acidsB. do not require waterC. have begun photosynthesizingD. obtain organic compounds from the root69. Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?A. The results of two experiments are compared.B. A generalization is made, and several examples of it are given.C. The findings of an experiment are explained.D. A hypothesis is presented, and several means of proving it are suggested.70. Where is this passage likely to be found?A. A newsletter.B. A magazineC. A storybookD. A novel(3)Natural flavorings and fragrances are often costly and limited in supply. For example, the vital ingredient in a rose fragrance is extracted from natural rose oil at a cost of thousands of dollars a pound; an identical synthetic substance can be made for 1% of this cost. Since the early twentieth century, success in reproducingthese substances has created a new industry that today produces hundreds of artificial flavors and fragrances.Some natural fragrances are easily synthesized; these include vanillin, the aromatic ingredient in vanilla, and benzaldehyde, the aromatic ingredient in wild cherries. Other fragrances, however, have dozens, even hundreds of components. Only recently has it been possible to separate and identify these ingredients by the use of gas chromatography and spectroscopy. Once the chemical identity is known, it is often possible to synthesize them. Nevertheless, some complex substances such as the aroma of fresh coffee, have still not been duplicated satisfactorily.Many of the chemical compounds making up these synthetics are identical to those found in nature, and are as harmless or harmful as the natural substances. New products must be tested for safety, and when used in food, must be approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.The availability of synthetic flavors and fragrances has made possible a large variety of products, from inexpensive beverages to perfumed soap to used cars with applied “new car odor”.71. From the passage we can learn that___.A. natural flavorings and fragrances are not quite dearB. the limitation of natural flavorings and fragrances is clearC. the supply of natural flavorings and fragrances is adequate to meet the demandD. the cost of producing natural flavorings and fragrances is high72. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Natural rose fragrance is 100 times more expensive to produce than artificial rose fragrance.B. The most important ingredient in a rose fragrance is obtained from natural rose oil at a low cost.C. A different synthetic substance can be made for 1% of the cost.D. Natural rose oil costs the same as its fragrances.73. The industry of producing hundreds of artificial flavors and fragrances probably appeared in___.A. 2000B. 1953C.1909D.181074. According to the passage, all the following are easier to synthesize EXCEPT___.A. aromatic ingredient in vanillaB. vanillaC. aromatic ingredient in wild cherryD. the flavor of flesh coffee75. The underlined word “duplicated” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to___.A. make doubleB. make a copy ofC. produce something equal toD. take from76. Why does the author mention fresh coffee in Paragraph 2?A. As an example of complex substances having not been duplicated satisfactorily.B. Because the coffee fragrance is hard to produce.。

5月英语翻译（CATTI）三级真题：笔译翻译Stonehenge, England —The prehistoric monument of Stonehenge stands tall in the British countryside as one of the last remnants of the Neolithic Age. Recently it has also become the latest symbol of another era: the new fiscal austerity.Renovations — including a plan to replace the site’s run-down visitors center with one almost five times bigger and to close a busy road that runs along the 5,000-year-old monument —had to be mothballed in June. The British government had suddenly withdrawn ￡10 million, or $16 million, in financing for the project as part of a budget squeeze.Stonehenge, once a temple with giant stone slabs aligned in a circle to mark the passage of the sun, is among the most prominent victims of the government’s spending cuts. The decision was heavily criticized by local lawmakers, especially because Stonehenge, a UnescoWorld Heritage site, was part of London’s successful bid to host the 2012 Olympic Games.The shabby visitors center there now is already too small for the 950,000 people who visit Stonehenge each year, let alone the additional onslaught of tourists expected for the Games, the lawmakers say.Stonehenge is the busiest tourist attraction in Britain’s southwest, topping even Windsor Castle. But no major improvements have been made to the facilities there since they were built 40 years ago.For now, portable toilets lead from a crammed parking lot, via a makeshift souvenir shop in a tent, to a ticket office opposite a small kiosk that sells coffee and snacks.The overhaul was scheduled for next spring. Plans by the architectural firm Denton Corker Marshall would keep the stone monument itself unchanged. But the currentticket office and shop would be demolished and a new visitors center would be built on the other side of the monument, about two and a half kilometers, or 1.5 miles, from the stones.The center would include a shop almost five times the size of the current one, a proper restaurant, three times as many parking spots and an exhibition space to provide more information about Stonehenge’s history.A transit system would shuttle visitors between the center and the stones while footpaths would encourage tourists to walk to the monument and explore the surrounding burial hills. The closed road would be grassed over to improve the surrounding landscape.Last year, the ￡27 million project won the backing of former Prime Minister Gordon Brown. After more than 25 years of bickering with local communities about how and where to build the new center, planning permission was granted in January. Construction was supposed to start next year and be completed in time for the Olympics — but the economic downturn has changed those plans.The new prime minister, David Cameron, has reversed many of his predecessor’s promises as part of a program to cut more than ￡99 billion annually over the next five years to help close a gaping budget deficit. The financing for Stonehenge fell in the first round of cuts, worth about ￡6.2 billion, from the budget for the current year, along with support for a hospital and the British Film Institute.English Heritage, a partly government-financed organization that owns Stonehenge and more than 400 other historic sites in the country, is now aggressively looking for private donations. But the economic downturn has made the endeavor more difficult.Hunched over architectural renderings of the new center, Loraine Knowles, Stonehenge’s project director, said she was disappointed that the government hadwithdrawn money while continuing to support museums in London, like the Tate and the British Museum. But Ms. Knowles said she was hopeful that English Heritage could raise the money elsewhere. Stonehenge, she said, could then also become “a shining example of how philanthropy could w ork.”。