河北工业大学
毕业论文
作者：苏丽丽学号：084363
系：外语系
专业：商务英语
题目：《欲望号街车》中幻想与现实的对立
Illusion versus Reality in A Streetcar
Named Desire
指导者：杨海丽副教授
评阅者：陆洋讲师
2011年6月12日
毕业论文中文摘要
毕业论文外文摘要
Contents
1 Introduction (1)
2 The Shaping and Destruction of Reality (3)
2.1 Blanche's Family Background (3)
2.2 Blancche's Missing in the Illusion (4)
3 Blanche's Personality (4)
3.1 A Brave Coward (4)
3.2 A Yield Rebel (5)
3.3 A Desperate Fighter (6)
4 Venting the Pain of Life (7)
4.1 The Destructive Power (8)
4.2 The Shelter of Illusion (8)
5 Solutions to the Painful Opposition (9)
5.1 The Characte rs’Solutions (9)
5.2 The Ture Pleasure of Life (13)
Conclusion (14)
Bibliography (15)
Acknowledgements (17)
1Introduction
Tennessee Williams (1911–1983) is one of the most famous contemporary playwrights in the United States, which is recognized as the best playwright since the World War II. His plays are not only extremely productive but also excellent. His dramatic career has been over fifty years from the mid 1930s until his death in 1983, and saw the creation of many plays that are regarded as classics of the American stage. His works are warmly praised, as well as hotly disputed in the critics several times.
Tennessee Williams is born in a chaotic family. He doesn’t like to play with the boys, and they joke he like a sissy. His grandfather was a pastor who has a study which becomes Tennessee Williams’ shelter. His father is a shoe salesman, shuttling everywhere. When his children grow older, he gets more hurled insults at them; His mother is a southern high family seed, but she has a kind of a choking for Williams. Williams has a sister Rose, and they have a good relation. They both have a similar character: sensitive, neurotic, easy injury, and the same hobby- art. Rose let Williams to truly feel the love and the compassion and the care. But Rose's destiny is very miserable that she suffers from schizophrenia in her after twenty years old and Williams’ mother unexpectedly sends her to go to the hospital for the resection of the lobes of the brain. Rose never recovers to a normal but lives in a convalescent hospital over the long life. The failure of Rose’s operation to Williams is a great blow. He never forgives his parents agreed to the surgery. Many of the paranoid female characters appear in the plays of Williams, may be influenced by the Rose.
A Streetcar Named Desire, one of his most famous plays, has awarded the Pulitzer Prize for drama. In this piece of work, the heroine Blanch
has been nobly born as an educated young lady. She has married Allen at her age of 16, and they love each other. But shortly after the marriage Blanche finds that Alan is a gay. Since Blanche shouts out at a ball, Alan is so ashamed that he runs outside and kills himself. Blanche feels deeply guilty.
After Alan’s suicide, she attributes Alan's death to her, and feels deeply sorry and ashamed. Meanwhile，her family members pass away with her family in decline. She becomes decadent, and has relations with many strange men getting a lustful reputation. To restart her life, she wants to take refuge in her sister Stella. But her brother-in-law named Stanley is very rough. Stanley's friend Mickey is after Blanche, but Stanley reveals her past. Then Blanche is abandoned. Under the action of alcohol Stanley has raped Blanche. Finally Blanch becomes mad and has been sent to a mental hospital.
This piece of work creates complex characters. It not only tells a story, but also expresses a state of mind and an inner with suppressed roar like the crazy cries with pain and suffers. Blanch is a fragile woman. She escapes from her reality and indulges in fantasy. She constructs the fantasy world with an expensive cost. She endured all the pain to resist reality. How can you say such a traitor is not brave enough? Blanche are dressed up even if her heart. All her lies are in order to prove the existence of her fantasy world. In other words, she sincerely builds a mirage. But the flood of the reality washes it away eventually. Branch is a poor woman resisting the reality and flattering the reality and destroyed by the reality. This delicate and moving work makes people feel characters’ heart. The collision between delicate feelings and brutal reality means Blanche's tragic fate.
This paper believes that each person's heart is lonely and fragile. Only turns to ourselves, builds a strong heart, and graces to others, can
we get the true pleasure of life.
2 The Shaping and Destruction of Reality
The author thinks that the shaping and destruction from reality is important. Blanche should be placed in her living environment to cognize and to judge.
2.1 Blanche’s Family Background
Branch is born in a declining noble family in South America. The Civil war unfortunately engulfs south land failure and shatters the old manor mode of life. Slave owners lost their heaven, and falls into a profound loneliness, only leaves a dignity and fragile. Also an effete feeling hangs over the southerners’ soul. But the slavery plantation economy system that their plantations of lands rely on is like the collapse of the ice gradually melted. Big industrial mountains of incomparable strength get the victory. The culture of old southern plantations and the “progress”industrial culture conflict between the overpowering. Blanche is an elegant noble lady, who accepts aristocratic education since her childhood. She has a success with the proud manner as a noble lady. That should be some missing glory. She regards it as a belief with never doubt, also she is unable to doubt. When the background suddenly goes down, she becomes devastating. As an idealist, she never gives up her faith, but she has to compromise in order to survive. “I have no way to support myself”, she confided to Stella. The reality shapes her defiance to the life of the bottom class, but the reality pushes her into a terrible world of the bottom class as throwing a lamb into the wolves. When Blanche first meets Stanley, she is jittered and careful. Behind of Blanche’s tragedy is the change of the reality, and Blanche is the funeral objects of the sorehead southern plantations culture.
2.2 Blanche’s Missing in the Illusion
In A Streetcar Named Desire, there are many examples where the characters are using illusions in an attempt to escape reality. The best example is found by looking to the main character. Blanche Dubois was a troubled woman who throughout the play lives her life in illusions. What initially leads to her illusions is love. She met Allan Grey, as her sister says that she loves him completely. They get married and Blanche are falling more and more in love. Until the day she finds that Allan Grey is gay, but Allan believes that if there is anyone who would help him makes it through this whole ordeal, it would be Blanche. However Blanche couldn't really believe that he was with her and was for real. Blanche let it slip while they were dancing that “I saw! I know! You disgust me...”With this, Allan runs outside and kills himself. Because of all this, Blanche fell into another illusion. She figures that if she were loved again, then she could be happy again. She escapes from reality and resists the reality. She has been looking for her lost dream again and again. Her fantasy is her tool and refuge both for escaping and resisting the reality. However, the fantasy can’t redeem her, and she has been destroyed by the reality.
3 Blanche's Personality
We can learn from the above that we are shaped by our environment. When an environment changes, how can we do? Shall we insist on our own beliefs or should we change ourselves? When the times change, there are always those sacrificial objects for culture, and those ones usually are destined. They insist on their faith to struggle with pain as Blanche would be ultimately destroyed.
3.1 A Brave Coward
So many desires run into our lives for no reason. In many cases, the
desire is not an option, but the desire usually chooses us. Who makes the unfortunate dislocated in reality? We shall be tolerant and sympathy. Also, we should give more understandings, more warmth humanity and more flexible ethical standards to those seek self-salvation by evading. As for the desperation of Blanche, We should give the understanding and salvation, not destruction. Blanche's illusions are from her desire. It is that the desire can’t be satisfied extremely causes the opposite extremely between reality and illusion. There is nothing the opposition can produce but pain. Blanche cannot avoid suffering; she hugs her beliefs, sipping on the road in bitter life. She feels that the lonely is anywhere. She couldn't lose faith. When real society gave her up, she still loved life. To survive, she uses the fantasy to weave small shields again and again.
God knows that she was innocent. She never hurt anyone .what’s more, her cowardly is shaped by the social condition. She wants herself is elegant princess forever. She could not survive in reality, and she wants her dream, so she needs magic. She shouted, “I don't want realism. I want magic! Yes, yes, magic! I try to give that to people. I misrepresent things to them. I don't tell truth, I tell what ought to be truth and if that is sinful, then let m e be damned for it!”
The voice is so tragically heroic, but the reality is filled with taunt. But she doesn’t care. What she believes has become the faith which is never betrayed.
3.2 A Yield Rebel
She has to be yield. Branch’s world only has her own self, and she only loves her own. The existence of each person means to enjoy her. When she has lost the all that the world appreciates, she needs to cover, needs to lie, needs to fantasy. Finally, there's nothing with her but a fantasy. Most of the comments regarded Blanche as a heroine critically ill women. But the author's intention is not so. In the eyes of Tennessee Williams,
the heroine Blanche is not sick, but pure and innocent. Branch's full name, Blanche Dubois, is a French word meaning white forest, while “white” is the symbol of purity in the West. William Clay Bo points that the hero and heroine works by defining the “same” and the “other”status, and then analyzes the works of gender relations from the post-modern thinker Michel Foucault's theory. Gassner and Kutch says that Branch represents the civilization and art, and Stanley represents the rough and violent, and Stanley i s Branch’s destroyer.
3.3 A Desperate Fighter
In the real world, she can't find where the God is. Real happiness is something doomed for her. Her desire and fantasy attaches in her life until died with the life together. Mickey says his love to her, as if the God lights the lamp of hope for her. She even tells him that “I thanked God for you, because you seemed to be gentle - a cleft in the rock of the world that I could hide in!”
But Once again she fells into darkness. When Mickey says that he want her, but thinks she is “not clean”and refuses to marry her, she drives him, and shouts the hysterical roaring. She feels so painful but tries to hid pain. She burst it out at that time. She tries to release the pain and express the resistance through the fantasy as a weak person. Even standing for those hurt, she still would n’t completely yields. She fantasies that Mickey should be like a gentleman back and apologize to her, but she would refuse elegantly and decently.
Fantasy is her way to compromise the pain as a cowardly, but also the way to divulge her own fulfilled desires. She couldn't be Don Quixote who uses action to finish the ideal in their heart. She has to rely on fantasy. But the reality was detested fantasy that make herself ruined her. The opposition between reality and illusion make her nervous always in taut state. She just walked into the sister Stella home. It showed her
mental tension, “she shrank by shoulder sitting on the chair, looking around,” .Finally, her nerve was eventually collapsed by Stanley.
She always fantasies a shelter, and seeks shelters. She could not accept reality, and then deny the reality. But Fantasy things won't survive. In the opposition of the reality and illusion, Blanche can’t find the balance. Her constant escape is order to find a place that can let her fantasy live. She believes strangers’ good will, because the familiar only abandon her. She fantasies new places to survive fantasy. She is always walking with a dream. Any a strange place or any a strange person, can be all lovely and good. Any place was her garden and anyone is her guest. But strange will also be filled with evil such as Stanley, as well as the asylum where she will spend the rest of her life. In patriarchal society, the Noble ladies have no survival ability, so they have to attach to the man. In such a reality, she refused to give up the faith and her fate would be doomed to tragedy.
4 Venting the Pain of Life
There is no conclusion that human nature is good or evil, but there is no doubt that the living environment has a great impact on humanity. Freud believes that the personality is made up of id, ego and superego. The id reflects human’s primitive. And what the id asks to do show human’s original desire. W e human are always with Sociality, so we have to be limited by the rules of society. It means that the human’s desire will never be fully satisfied. As a result, the human’s depression exists everywhere. No matter the brave or the cowardly, they have to outbreak their own depression to release their anger which is from that they can not meet their desires. The outbreak of depression is various. Some will not harm others, while some may be despicable and shameless.
4.1 The Destructive Power
Sartre, an American writer, has said that Hell is other people. Egoism is the starting point of human nature. People tend to gloss over their own to achieve the purposes which are both satisfying their desire and escaping accountability of their bad social behavior. That is the so-called “Kill two birds with one stone”.
Stanley is full of brutal and violent. As a representative of the emerging industrial power, he brutally put an end to all the sensitive and delicate. He was like a wild beast, full of worldly pleasures doctrine. He is full of primitive instincts of human nature, which people hate but also denied of the temptation. Gesner and Kutch says that Branch represents the civilization and art, and Stanley represents the rough and violent, and Stanley i s Branch’s destroyer. Each person's heart is lonely and fragile, so it is Stanley .He turns to the outside world to gain strength. His heart is weak and horror, so he would utterly destroys Branch. He completely expresses cruelty of humanity by putting his own happiness in the suffering of other people.
4.2 The Shelter of Illusion
Branch is a brave coward and a yield rebel and a desperate fighter. It is the cowardice of Blanche’s subjective that leads to her dependence on the fantasy. She goes to the complete collapse in the opposition of reality and illusion.
She can’t stand what the life brings to her, but the fate won’t give anyone the choice to flee. She has been a lovely girl. When her love tells the truth beyond her tours, she is filled with fear. She doesn’t know how to deal with it. As child she shouts out what she thinks .she is young at that time, but the change of life is too earlier to her. Her lover’s killing himself makes her first harm. She had to turn to her family for help; however her family has became helpless. Death of her mother had
happened before her eyes, and then the death of Margaret. She can’t admit the falling of her social class, and can’t give up her believe as a noblewoman. To pay for her instant, she has to get what she wants by urging others. She goes to the stringers for love .she looks for God, although there is no use to do so. The cost is expensive that she gets a lustful reputation which ruins her life. She was excluded from the happiness.
No matter how innocent she is, no matter how much she endured the pain, she would stick to her belief. The cost of her insisting on the faith is being expelled by happiness. She stubbornly believes that her life is something which should be obtained as what she wants, rather than a rough life that she has to accept. She wants to choose the life she want, rather than be chosen by life. But for a sorehead noble lady, the distance between reality and dream is too far away. Who doesn’t have a beautiful dream for the life? Romance is something with born for every woman, but the cruel life often buries our beautiful dreams before our eyes. Branch just chooses to live with the beautiful dream. However, her own life has even been buried for this purpose. Her cost is tragic, but the life is so cruel. We can not help her apart from tears. Even in a lunatic asylum, she still lives with her beautiful dream although her heart is bleeding.
5 Solutions to the Painful Opposition
We must find the balance on the opposition of reality and illusion. Fantasy is something that we have to remain because of wanting a happy life. If the reality is mostly satisfied, the fantasy is just a compensation for pleasure. So the fact is we often need a mixture of both the reality and illusion.
5.1 Characters’ Solutions
Tennessee Williams once said: “my work only has one subject that is how society forcing to destruction for sensitive ones which don't want
to order the society.” So, the sex in A Streetcar Named Desire, which is full of irony, plays, or even destroys, expresses the violent and the vulgar. It also reflects the inner pain and frustration of those “sensitive ones which don't want to order the society”.
5.1.1 Branch’s Indulgence
We all want to justify our existence. When we stand pains, we want the pleasure. The depth of human nature wants unlimited indulgence. Branch uses indulgence to release her repression. Sex is one of mankind's most primitive desires. As long as the desire is satisfied, the human can feel pleasure, or they can forget the pain of life for a moment. The pleasure of sex can heal wounds of Life. However it can not save the desperate soul.
“After the death of Allan -intimacies with strangers was all I seemed able to fill my empty heart with...”The illus ion was that out of all these men she would be with, one of them will be the right one for her and will take care of her. Her desires are to be happy again and to be loved again. But soon her intimacies get out of control and she once made the mistake of trying to seduce a 17 - year old student of hers. Because of this, she has no place to stand.
Blanche like a moth, however she not brave enough. Her heart was filled with fear, but she refuse to return. She is a paranoid person, the paranoid with a dream. Desire is the humanity's call, and everyone's heart has the depressive mood. Those sensitive ones feel the pain more deeply. When the opposition breaks through the bottom line of heart, spiritual world will collapse. The tragedy of Blanche is the product of the objective environment, also relates to her own reasons. Stella will fall in love with Stanley, who is lower than their classes, and feel happiness. That won't happen on Blanche. She always puts herself in the manor of noble. She refuses reality and fears reality.
The more pure spirit is, the more painful it is. We all have life only
once, but Blanche choice belief between life and belief. It is the lack of rational that caused her to drown desire and finally in the collapse in reality.
5.2.2 Stanley's Rape
Stanley belong the class of his living environment, and he loves his class. His life is satisfied by the material and the physical enjoyment, which seems to be called a rich and happy life. Before the arrival of the Branch, all things have been peaceful under Stanley’s spiritual leadership. In fact, he is as selfish as Blanche. Branch is just an inadvertent intruder, but Stanley is a deliberate murder and the attacker. Pettiness is a kind of narrow self-protection, but also the largest invisible killer. It is the Opposing class culture that makes their hearts, unable to understand completely and communicate fully. And for psychological self-defense from human nature, the culture arises with exclusion and conflict inevitably. Thus, those who like Blanche as cowardly rebels only failed to withstand the harsh reality.
Stanley destroyed Branch completely and violently. It expresses what a cruel and brutal reality. Stanley’s rape is a thorough expose at the original dirty face of life. Branch has been beautifying the world, and believe that imaging world and love her beautify world. In fact, she has relationships with many strangers. But those men confuse them temporarily in her poem, or just to play with her. In her fantasy world, every man who has relation with her is her prince who loves her, and they are in the noble love. However, what’s she calls the noble love is only the hypocrisy, the affectation, and the satisfaction of body in the eyes of Stanley. Blanche's fantasy is just a game, which she plays with her own by her life. As the robber, Stanley destructs everything. Stanley raped Blanche and drives her to completely crazy, which reveals that the Stanley is the real crime, but also expresses that the reality is too cruel to
stand. Meanwhile, Blanche, who struggles in the oppression of reality, wants to avoid pain from illusion, and finally comes to desperation.
5.3.3 Stella’s Love
Love means tolerance and acceptance. Happiness comes from the fitness of the environment. She is as brave as Branch, but she gets her happiness. Stella is the real beautiful wife. She loves her sister, loves her husband, and loves her home. She is also a noble lady, however, as she said, “I have always been silent.” In other words, she did not fully appreciate and satisfy the glory of a noble lady. She loved Stanley, and lives with him together and enjoys the happiness of life. The final perception of life has always been silent. Even the pursuit of the spirit as Blanche says, it should be enjoyable, not a fantasy for refuge.
Before the Branch’s arrival, the whole thing is harmonious. The tragedy would become inevitable for their misunderstanding on culture. The outbreak of the side of Stanley’s evil is because of his meeting with Branch. In the early part of Scene 4, after Stanley and Stella have made up about the beating, Blanche comes to see if Stella is okay. Blanche tries to convince her that staying with Stanley is the wrong thing to do. But Stella wouldn’t leave her husband. Even when she knows that Stanley raped Blanche. Stella tells Eunice, “I couldn't believe her story and go on living with Stanley,” who replies, “Don't ever believe it. Life has got to go on. No matter what happens, you've got to keep going.”
There is no way for life as pure as poetry. Treating the reality too penetrating, then fantasy will have nowhere to go, and the pain will always haunt your heart. That is the reality. The reality can not be created, but an objective form, and everyone has his own “reality”. However, happiness can be created. For the cruelty and suffering of reality, the way of escaping through the fantasy is impossible to avoid pain. Those who have tolerance and love can create happiness.
5.2 The True Pleasure of Life
Blanche is a woman who is long for beauty but is rolled back eventually to earth by reality. Such women appeared again and again in Tennessee Williams’ works, because he's such a sensitive and vulnerable pe rson. Tennessee Williams’ works are performance victim of American era is known - the escape. His dramas are realism with inheriting American theatre. And meanwhile as the different level of artistic innovation, he makes American drama “really get rid of the influence of European drama, started his own tradition.” The writer LiLi writes Women's Growth Course: Tennessee Williams Works Feminist Unscramble. The book from the perspective of feminism Tennessee Williams is six masterpiece the female images were analyzed. In addition to Tennessee Williams works abroad have studied the gay, says “Blanche is draped in women's wear gay men.”Tennessee Williams’ Work s displays all the repressive and pain, he enjoys the gay meanwhile suffers a lot which is described in one of his poem.
In people's living condition, the desire will not satisfy life exists eternally, so the pain will exist forever. Life is always painful, though not all pain. A Streetcar Named Desire gives the feeling sufficient displaying. In fantasy Stella gets to continue to live, and Blanche is death because of fantasy.
Life is so full of illusion and hypocritical, tolerance and love is the only way out of this predicament. Only has the independent life ability, can we be a brave dream-seeker. Those who have the pursuit of happiness, strong heart, not thirst for others, can enjoy the pleasure of life.
Conclusion
In reading the work or seeing the film named A Streetcar Named Desire, repressing atmosphere rushes to audiences. As a gay, Tennessee Williams is animosity and tortured, his works are to express his guilty in his heart.
Any beginning searches for life is painful, and then goes for a ride.
A Streetcar Named Desire expresses the cruelty of reality, but also shouts the hope for the return of human nature. Branch said, “The intentional harm can not be forgiven.”
B ut Stanley brutally has destroyed the Branch which makes the readers sympathy Blanche and disgust Stanley. Meanwhile it expresses the author’s appeal for the kindness and tolerance. In The Lizard of the Night, the heroine- Hannah, she could face all the life for her to survive tenaciously. She is full of selfless love for her dying grandfather, and she has a deep understanding and sympathy for all things and people. Through Hannah, Williams is to tell people how we live in a desecrating life with the strong optimism. Only has a strong heart and abandons the fantasy, can we create the real happiness and enjoy the pleasure of life.
Tennessee Williams is an important figure in the history of American drama, even affects the world literature. His works are both for artistic expression and exploration of human’s inner existing, which are worth studying and learning.
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当梦想与现实发生冲突的随笔 当梦想与现实发生冲突的随笔【第一篇】：梦想与现实相互冲突 梦想与现实总是有差距的，有时很困惑，有时也很无奈，‘苦其心志，劳其筋骨，饿其体肤，空乏其身，行拂乱其所为，所以动心忍性’或许这就是人生吧。生活的烙印，好的坏的都已经过打磨，保留在记忆中，要注意随时调整、平和心态。人生就是这样，过去的总要过去，不必在意太多，放下所有的不快乐。人生本就多磨难，平和心态看曲直。任谁都不可能一帆风顺，遭遇了，就要试着面对：不必自怨自艾，自叹自责，努力调整自己，只有自己好起来，强大了才能更好的照顾你爱的人。一样的夜空，不同的心境，感悟也就不同。换一种心态，自然就读懂了天意。 外面的世界很精彩，现实的生活很无奈。太多的诱惑，让人难以抵挡，甚至让人迷失。生活需要目标，有目标才有方向，有方向才有动力，有了动力也就有了劲头……有劲没劲靠自省，不断反思往前行，水到穷处亦风景，云卷云舒好心情。生活本来就是如此，一步一徘徊，一步一迷惘！闯过了就是新人生，闯不过就会织茧自缚，越陷越深……天下万物，适者生存。任何经历都是一种积累，积累的越多，人越成熟。经历的多，生命有长度；经历的广，生命有厚度。经历过险恶的挑战，生命有高度；经历过困苦的磨炼，生命有强度；经历过挫折的考验，生命有亮度。 很多时候，梦想与现实是相冲突的，要学会面对，正视，这
样烦恼的指数便会大大降低。如果把人生看作一大幅活的画，那你我都是自己的画家，生活的浓墨淡雅都要自己精心着色……人生就是不断的翻山越岭，有艰辛的劳顿，也有一览众山小的畅快。累了，就停一停，喘口气儿，歇一歇，擦擦汗，继续攀登…… 人生本来就不完美，花开即谢，月圆即亏，自然的轮回，几人无泪，谁又无憾呢？珍惜当下，努力争取，尽量减少遗憾。苦与乐，是冤家，也是亲家。最大的欢乐，往往包含在巨大的艰辛之中。犹如明珠藏于大海，宝藏埋于深山。世上没有不能快乐的人，只有不肯快乐的心。没有自律便没有自由，没有自由便没有快乐。品味着生命百态，感觉若想真正地快乐，的确不易。因为真正的快乐，需要一颗最单纯、最澄澈的心。这就是为什么孩子很容易快乐。经历着人生的风霜雨雪，要想保持快乐，不但需要心境清明，更需要智慧。 学会放弃，才有快乐的人生；感悟生活，才会让自己更充实。感谢生活赐予我所拥有的，感谢生活赐予我所没有的。坎坷诞生痛苦，痛苦练就成熟，二者可遇不可求，遭遇了就要面对，欢喜忧伤就在一念之间，选择正视它，就把它变成了一笔不小的财富。常怀律己之镜，心魔除，常怀感恩之心，乐相随。学会放弃，学会深藏，用感恩之心看生活。只有沉淀痛苦，用快乐掩埋心伤，才能让快乐永驻，健康永驻，幸福永驻！ 当梦想与现实发生冲突的随笔【第二篇】：梦想与现实很冲突？
浅析如何处理理想与现实的矛盾 江西师范大学15级国际教育学院商务英语一班罗哲卿 随着我们不断成长，我们将独自面临着的问题越来越多，而往往在我们面对理想和现实时，常常感到迷茫和无助。到底是社会太复杂，还是我们太单纯；是现实太骨感，还是理想太丰满；是前程太美好，还是路途太曲折？下面，我将浅析如何处理理想与现实的矛盾。 苏格拉底说过，世上最快乐的事，莫过于为理想而奋斗。理想是航灯，指引船舶航行的方向;理想是曙光，照亮夜行者的路梦想是沙漠中的一眼甘泉，让干枯的行者看到生的希望。没有理想，人生就如荒漠，没有生气；没有理想，人生就如黑夜，没有光明；没有理想，人生就如迷宫，没有方向。作为一个当代大学生，首先我们都应该怀有自己的理想，对于这个理想，每个人都可以有自己的想法，有的理想崇高伟大，有的理想平凡简单，然而重要的是要有理想，有想要追求的目标，又不停止的想要追求的动力。心脏只要还在跳动,思维还没有停止,就要有所追求，就不能放弃自己的理想。 周恩来说过，理想是需要的，是我们前进的方向，现实有了理想的指导才有前途；反过来，也必须从现实的努力中才能实现理想。只有在现实中努力奋斗，日积月累，我们才能实现自己的理想。而这也启示我们大学生，在大学生活中不要浑浑噩噩的浪费青春，待在寝室通宵打游戏，远离现实生活，而是应该在大学期间通过接受科学文化知识，参加有益于身心健康的素质拓展活动，多接触现实与社会，来提升自己的能力及素质。只有这样，在出了校园之后我们才能在现实生活中更如鱼得水，才能不枉费青春年华。 实际上，很多同学在现实中遇到一点点挫折时，就轻易的放弃了自己的理想，而这是非常幼稚的行为。当我们选定了自己的理想，就必须树立坚定的信念，并坚定不移朝着那个理想走下去，挫折只是意味着向成功又迈进了一步；其次，我们更应该立足现实，积极实践，通过实践将理想转化为现实。因为理想一旦脱离了实际，就不再是理想，而成为了空想、幻想。所以理想只有扎根在现实的土壤中才能够茁壮成长。而我们现在所处的社会，既有弊端又有光明的前途，只有深刻地了解过社会的全部后，我们才能真正理解发展的过程。当然，在理想与现实
关于幻想的说说幻想与现实的句子 1、别心存幻想，态度是最好的证明。 2、温柔或是永恒，多麽疯狂的幻想。 3、做自己就好，我就是懒散自嘲虚荣浪费幻想游移也许自私，这是我的自我，优雅从不属于我，清高从未驻足过。 4、一个女生幻想她和男朋友的未来,是很自然的而一个男生开始思考他和女朋友的未来他是认真的 5、看小说的孩子没什么不好，他们只不过是体验那些自己得不到的幸福，也还保留着一颗幻想得到幸福的心不是吗？ 6、就不再是自己：因为明白如果一旦失去。依然有自己看不惯的……在这些年来，我自认为经历了很多……因为没有人会帮你：有了一张世故老练的面孔却也努力保持着初心，但依然会把对世界的幻想放在心里、只会觉的你很无能很没用：不要把自己的软弱展现给别人看！ 7、人在任何困难时候不要幻想依靠任何人，坚强才懂得生活的来之不易。黄金百量也就一日三餐，知足才是快乐之本。 8、我也知道这个世界没有那么多的童话却还总是对那真爱抱有一丝幻想 9、如果让我在这里遇见你，会不会是个奇迹呢，曾经无数次幻想过未来另一半的样子，朦胧而亲切。 10、对你说的诺言当我不够理智，幻想和现实原来会互相排斥。
11、男人出轨就像狗改不了吃屎，不要幻想他就此罢手，更不要听信誓言。 12、我也知越是幻想不准想你更记得起我在故意去将苦涩替代寂寞滋味. 13、爱幻想有一天我会梦想成真，可是现实总是把幻想无视 14、我想把我的文字写给你看，有往事的缺口、有幻想的抚摸、有失望的伤痕。 15、青春的脚印留在校园的小路上，笑语欢歌留在花坛的馨香中……母校的每一个角落，都珍藏着我们的友情，弥漫着我们的幻想。 16、每个女孩都曾幻想过自己是个公主，可笑的是故事的结局都不是王子来了，是自己绝望了 17、从现在开始，不沉溺幻想，不庸人自扰，踏实工作，好好生活，做一个接近幸福的人。 18、我没有那么多的青春年华用来寄予幻想和等待。 19、我们曾经在一起欣赏过美丽的花；我们曾经在一起幻想过美丽的季节。同学啊，同学，分别后不要忘了我们曾经一起走过的日子。 20、我们要的幸福、只不过是自己的完美幻想。 21、[我把自己幻想成过任何人包括你的另一半和你孩子的母亲] 22、我们真的很合适，我幻想好未来结婚日子，甚至孩子名字，都全部想好了，只是还不知道你会不会让它实现。 23、二十岁的我曾幻想过能和这两个人一辈子第一个是我四
the exterior of a two-story corner building on a street in new orleans about: https://www.doczj.com/doc/888300667.html,/Streetcar.html A STREETCAR NAMED DESIRE And so it was I entered the broken world To trace the visionary company of love, its voice An instant in the wind [I know not whither hurled] But not for long to hold each desperate choice. HART CRANE The Broken Tower THE CHARACTERS The first London production of this play was at the Aldwych Theatre on Wednesday,.2 October.949, with the following cast: Blanche DuBois Vivien Leigh Stella Kowalski Rerw Asfwrson Stanley Kowalski Bonar Colleam Harold Mitchell [Mitch] Bernard Braden Eunice Hubbel Eileen Dale Steve Hubbel Lyn Euans Pablo Gonzales Theodore Bikel Negro woman Brwe Howard A strange man [doctor] Sidney Monckton A strange woman [nurse] Mona Lilian A young collector John Farrest A Mexican woman Eileen Way Directed by Laurence Olivier Setting and lighting by Jo meilziner Costumes by Beatrice Dawson ******************************************************************************* ********** SCENE ONE The exterior of a two-storey corner building on a street in New Orleans which is named Elysian Fields and runs between the L & N tracks and the river. The section is poor but unlike corresponding sections in other American cities, it has a raffish charm. The houses are mostly white frame, weathered grey, with rickety outside stairs and galleries and quaintly ornamented gables. This building contains two flats, upstairs and down. Faded white stairs ascend to the entrances of both. It is first dark of an evening early in May. The sky that shows around the dim white building is a peculiarly tender blue, almost turquoise, which invests the scene with a kind of lyricism and gracefully attenuates the atmosphere of decay. You can almost feel the warm breath of the brown river beyond the river warehouses with their faint redolences of bananas and coffee. A corresponding air is evoked by the music of Negro entertainers at a bar-room around the corner. In this part of New Orleans you are practically always just around the corner, or a few doors down the street, from a tinny piano being played with the infatuated fluency of brown fingers. This blue piano' expresses the spirit of the life which goes on here. [Two women, one white and one coloured, are taking the air on the steps of the building. The white woman Eunice, who occupies the upstairs flat; the coloured woman a neighbour, for New Orleans is a cosmopolitan city where there is a relatively warm and easy intermingling of races in the old part of town. Above the music of the 'blue piano', the voices of people on the street can be heard overlapping.] Negro woman [to Eunice]: ... she says St Barnabas would send out his dog to lick her and when he did she'd feel an Icy cold wave all up an' down her. Well, that night when –
大学生人生理想与现实的矛盾问题分析 摘要：人在自我塑造中需要追求人生理想，人没有理想就会成为没有灵魂的庸人。然而现实生活中理想的实现总不是那么顺利，成功路上总会有些磕磕碰碰，大学生理想与现实的矛盾性是绝对存在相对统一的。人生理想的实现，就是把理想从观念转变为现实。所以要实现人生理想，就要正确认识理想与现实的关系，创造理想向现实转变的条件。 关键词：斗争性同一性矛盾分析法村官大学生 正文：理想与现实的辩证关系是：一是理想和现实是一对矛盾，它们之间的关系既对立又统一。二是理想来源于现实，是对现实的反映，但它不等于现实，而是现实的升华。理想的材料来源于现实，理想的可能性来源于现实，理想的动机也来源于现实。一句话，“理想只能是现实的某种反映。”三是理想高于现实，是现实的升华，但它并不脱离现实，与现实是相互统一，必然联系的。理想是未来的现实，现实是理想的基础。但理想毕竟不是现实。一、矛盾的斗争性 年年一批又一批的大学生走出象牙塔，怀着满腔的抱负与远大的理想走向社会。然而等待着这些“高学历”的则大多是严峻的就业形势，竞争压力。大学生“就业的冬天”一年胜一年寒冷。 大学生的理想与现实在此体现了矛盾的斗争性。残酷的“僧多粥少”的现实正制约着许多大学生人生理想的实现路径，于是，许多大学生不得不重新考虑自己的未来发展，寻找新的理想，从而适应现实社会的发展潮流。李大钊曾指出：“老于旅途的人，走到平坦的地方，固是高高兴兴地向前走，走到崎岖的境界，愈是奇趣横生，愈能感到一种冒险的美趣”。理想的实现是艰巨的。 这种现象正是矛盾斗争性在事物发展中的作用的一种表现：矛盾双方的斗争促进矛盾双方力量的变化，竞长争高，此消彼长，造成双方力量发展的不平衡，为对立面的转化、事物的质变创造条件。 于是，尽管矛盾很多，困难不少，大学生“就业的冬天”也已经喊了好几年，可是年年“冬天”年年“过”，和煦的春天不是依旧会来吗？绝大多数的大学生都在经历了痛苦的选择，在选择后找到了属于自己的岗位。实事求是地说，大学生找个工作并不难，难的是找一个理想的工作。 很多的理想在现实中破灭，很多的理想在现实中建立。总是希望在自己的理想中寻找一个自己的精神图腾，去尽情的释怀自己的感情，图腾的作用就是给我们强大的力量去指引我们前进，精神对于我们来说是很重要的。然而现实总是残酷的，残酷的足以将我们那种精神层次的图腾彻底摧毁，毕竟那些精神层次的东西都是虚幻的，两者巨大的差异，就犹如是不可逾越的鸿沟天堑，我们站在现实的下面去仰望理想的天空，总是会彷徨，迷茫。这就是追逐理想的过程，我们必须去经历这些。不要被理想与现实之间的差距将我们打倒，那样我们就永远也到达不了理想的天堂，只能在现实的地狱中徘徊。不要总去想理想的好，不要总去想现实中的坏，而要坦然地面对。 二、矛盾的同一性 近年来，各种新型就业分流形式应运而生。现实也在为大学生理想的实现创造条件。村官、支教就是近年衍生的新兴词。
教育理想与现实的冲突 教育理想与现实的冲突 教育作为一项播撒知识火种、传播精神文明、进行科技创新、培养创新人才、代表先进生产力和先进文化的最广泛、最受关注的事业，对于人们理想的实现有着重要的作用，教育理想对实现国家和民族的远大理想意义非凡。 一 新中国成立以来，党和国家在不同历史时期确立过很多教育理想，描绘过很多教育蓝图，提出过很多奋斗目标。如建国之初毛泽东曾提出要建立民族的、科学的、大众的文化教育。1957年，毛泽东在他的著名论著《关于正确处理人 民内部矛盾问题》中提出了充满理想色彩和导向性质的教育方针：“我们的教育方针，应该使受教育者在德育、 智育、体育几方面都得到发展，成为有社会主义觉悟的有文化的劳动者。”改革开放以后，邓小平提出的“教育要面向现代化，面向世界，面向未来”；《中华人民共和国教育法》中规定了新时期的教育方针，“教 育必须为社会主义现代化建设服务，必须与生产劳动相结合，培养德、智、体等方面全面发展的社会主义事业的建设者和接班人”；《中国教育改革和发展纲要》中提出的
“建立起比较成熟和完善的社会主义教育体系，实现教育的现代化”的奋斗目标，以及素质教育等理念，都从不同方面、不同角度为教育勾画了理想境界，设置了一个个前进的“航标”，对教育改革和发展产生了很强的导向作用。 但是，每一个坚持实事求是态度的人，都不能不面对和承认这样一个现实，这就是：教育理想与现实之间存在着尖锐的冲突。 伟大理想与艰难实践。我们的教育理想是科教兴国，是教育促进人的全面发展，是培养“四有”新人，是大力进行教育创新。但很多教育理想难以付诸实践，或在实践中步履维艰。我们切不说义务教育自19世纪末、20世纪初康梁变法、辛亥革命开始倡导算起，直至新中国前进到20世纪末，整整经历了100年，才总算在中国这个国度里基本普及了九年义务教育；也不说自80年代末在我国大力倡导的“农、科、教”、“经、科、教 ”结合，到现在反而没了声息；也不说毛泽东当年大力倡导的教育与生产劳动相结合到现在反结合得越来越差；也不说我们讲了几十年的教育要超前发展到现在基本上仍 是滞后；也不说我们反对了几十年的“经院式”学校至今仍遍布于中国大地。就说我们已经倡导和实施了十多年的素质教育，上至中央高层领导，下至地方各级党政的
幻想与现实 导读:本文是关于高二作文幻想与现实,感谢您的阅读. 没有人告诉我，这是幻想，还是现实…… 详细资料说幻想症指的是对一件事情产生没有理由和根据的或过多的想法。导致自己精神恍惚！严重者应该接受治疗。 在复杂的生活中，有时候人处在郁闷和压抑中，想逃脱，却又免不了被现实的种种残酷所压倒，只能默默地忍受生活中带来的痛苦。这样的人往往太过羞于言表自己内心，怕被别人所耻笑，更怕自己受到伤害。所以，对自己喜欢的事和人也只能深埋在内心。没有有效的解脱途径，他们只能在自己的内心中，不自觉地幻想。明知道这是错的，可又控制不了自己。 前几天，刚刚在公主志上面看到了瀛洲牧系列的《夏日梦工厂》，那里面的女主人公，就是典型性的幻想症，在这里面，她已经分不清幻想与现实。 其实，我也曾经给自己下过定义，我是属于那一种活在幻想与现实之间的人。 “喂喂，你最近是不是抽了，愁过头了吧，你看，这里都有一大片白头发呢……”使劲戳了戳我后脑滋生出的一大片白发，东鼓起了腮帮子，“你如果两边是留着白头发，也算好看一些，可是偏偏是后边垂下来，真是的，难看死了……” 我笑笑，反驳，“这样说别人，好玩么……”。 “唉，又在构思你的情节了，你莫不是活在幻想里面吧……”某人又飘了过来。 我支起了下巴，凝视着她的眼睛，认真的说，“也许，你说得对，我就是活在幻想与现实中的人。” 看多了玄幻小说，看着里面的情节，狗血到纠结，突然感到荒芜，很温顺的走向幻想，因为空虚。 “Oh！这是现实，大姐，再愁，你真的要少年白了……”勤猛地摇晃着我，“杯具啊~”很快，她大喊道。 “我知道是现实，你已经提醒过我不下十遍了……”我捂住了耳朵，是啊，这是现实啊。 我在现实里面成长，可是在幻想里面，同时也存活着我。 本来认为自己是个全身搜不出任何幻想细胞的现实主义者，崇尚的条例是现实主义万岁，可是，真真正正的反省起来之后，
《欲望号都市》鉴赏 事物的发展是内因和外因共同起作用的结果。内因是事物变化发展的根据，外因是事物变化发展的必要条件，外因透过内因起作用。——这是开篇我想说的话，也是这部戏剧给我感受最深的地方。 全长120多分钟的戏剧，在一开始放映的时候，我是抱着一种娱乐消遣的心态来观看的，并没有抱着过多期待的心态。可随着剧情的深入，我开始了自己的对戏剧剧情的思考。 在电影进行了大约三分之一的时候，我还并不是很清楚它到底要给我们表达些什么，我的心里还存在着很多疑问的地方。比如：为什么戏剧要以布兰奇从车站下车开场？布兰奇又是因为什么而来奥尔良找她的妹妹丝黛拉？当丝黛拉问她离开的原因时，她为什么闪烁其词，表现的神经失常？她在初见斯坦利的时候，到底是出于一种什么样的心态？在她明显地表现出是在勾引和诱惑斯坦利的时候，我对她的行为感到非常地愤慨。同时，出于对善良的丝黛拉的同情，我很担心斯坦利是否会因受到诱惑而背叛丝黛拉。在剧情还未深入的情况下，我对斯坦利的为人表示怀疑。 这些疑问在后来的剧情发展中逐步地得到了解决。在斯坦利无情地揭露布兰奇在家乡奥里维尔的丑闻之前，整个剧情走的线路都是比较温馨的，当然，布兰奇与斯坦利两人之间的冲突也是必要的，一方面，是为了让剧情显得并不是那么柔和，戏剧本身的定位的就是一部悲剧，另一方面，则是为剧情高潮的到来做了铺垫。也正是布兰奇和斯坦利两人性格的冲突，导致了最后矛盾的激化。斯坦利残忍地撕碎了布兰奇重新生活的梦想，让她好不容易重新获得的幸福毁于一旦。布兰奇的存在，一直是不愿跟脏烂社会同流合污的高洁形象。为了不当花瓶，为了自我清高，也为了神圣爱情，布兰奇潜藏了个人累累前锴，避开了个人重重旧恶，换然面貌，来至所谓天堂福地，渴求新的生活，欲望新的活身。欲望重生的艳情。可是面前一切，都是那么冷酷严惨。不依不饶。 布兰奇的悲剧，在我个人认为，是时代造就的悲剧。每一部小说的背后都隐藏着沉重的时代因素。《西游记》里孙悟空好打妖怪，“西天取经”他表现出的见恶必除，除恶必尽的精神，正是作者想要给世人展示的面对封建势力勇于反抗的精神。同样的道理，布兰奇的悲剧在于她深受时代的腐蚀，她向往高贵，却又存在低寒，她迷恋富足，却又失落在穷困。姐妹俩都接受过旧式的南方教育，从小接受的教育使她变得高雅的同时，也让她有了那无言的欲望。她追求完美，表现得体，喜好富贵。而欲望对于她来说就是火，当欲望受到现实的种种限制而无法实现的时候，她便逐步走上了引火自焚的道路。 在布兰奇告诉米奇自己丈夫不幸的死亡时，她是这样描述的：“我‘杀死’了那年轻的孩子。”在我看来，丈夫的死，多少她是脱不了干系的。也正是她丈夫的死，开启了她的不幸之路，使得她走到了今天的局面。若不是那无言的欲望在作祟，她怎么会认为自己的丈夫太无能？若不是出于对丈夫的死的自责和内疚，她又怎么会患得患失，精神失常，以致于最后走上了那么一条淫荡不堪的路？看看丝黛拉，多么善良纯朴。若不是心中那欲望的存在，相信布兰奇也会像丝黛拉一样幸福，拥有自己的小房子，和自己可爱的孩子、体贴的丈夫幸福地度过一生。 影片最后的镜头让人难以忘怀：难过的丝黛拉，负疚的斯坦利和羞愧的米
理想与现实的辩证关系 一理想和现实是一对矛盾，它们之间的关系既对立又统一。理想是未来的现实，现实是理想的基础。 二是理想来源于现实，是对现实的反映，但它不等于现实，理想的材料来源于现实，理想的可能性来源于现实，理想的动机也来源于现实。理想是人生有可能实现的追求,因此理想是现实的某种反映。 三是在一定条件下，理想可以转化为现实。 谈论理想与现实的现实意义：文学家作家爱谈它，认为理想是精神目标；商业家爱谈它，认为现实充满机遇与残酷；学生常谈论它，理想与现实意味着作业。由此可以看出谈论理想与现实的现实意义在于成为有目的的人的工具，且谈论本身就体现了一种现实。 理想对现实的意义： 理想，对现实的意义至少在于确立了奋斗目标，但更多的是理想与现实的差别，引起理想与现实的对立和冲突。如果理想与现实之间的矛盾冲突超过了人的心理承受能力，就会产生怀疑自己的力量，对理想发生动摇，使自己陷入苦闷的境地。现实的变化过于迅速，往往极大的冲击了理想。虽然如此，我认为理想还是有用的。理由如下： １、树立积极向上的理想符合当今社会的主流价值观，之所以把这一点放在第一位，是因为假如我没有这次演讲，大家也会知道理想的重要性； ２、人难免会树立理想，这里的理想指我们心里想达成的目标，这种小目标成才真正体现了理想的真谛，因为这时我们不必被“无志之人常立志”所束缚，本来人们就需要懂得变通，理想正应随现实的变化而变化； ３、理想除了有时会因现实的残酷而使我们产生苦闷的情绪，其他确实找不出什么坏处。由此，我们还是应树立远大的理想。 现实对理想的意义：如果现实确实被我们因理想而产生的行动所改变的话，现实对理想就确实有意义了。从这里也可以看出，为了改变现实，付出树立理想和改变现实的时间也是值得的。 当然理想和现实还有其他解释，理想与现实的关系确实是个老掉牙的话题,但这个话题还是实实在在地影响着我们的生活。"理想族"往往陈义很高,想法偏于浪漫,觉得社会问题只要按我们的理想率性而为就会得到完美的解决。他们往往对于今天太悲观,对未来太乐观,觉得自己掌握了走向未来的全部蓝图。但"现实族"则恰好相反,往往考虑现实困难多,想法偏于实际,凡事总是觉得现实比理想实在,遇事多想客观的难处,觉得社会问题绝不可能一蹴而就。他们对今天可能没有理想族悲观，对于未来也没有理想族乐观。因此，很多人讨论如何对待理想与现实的差距，我认为方法无非是放弃理想或坚持理想，前者是"现实族"，后者是"理想族"。现实的意义也就可以理解为：逼迫人们在放弃理想或坚持理想中做出选择。但是，社会不能因为为了突出理想的崇高而倡导人们倾向始终坚定不移的坚持理想而不放弃这一选择，因为，面对理想与现实的冲突，我们还无法下定论到底是放弃理想好还是坚持理想好。 在以上的分析中，我们可以看出，理想与现实的问题的关键还在于理想与现实会发生冲突，这一问题确实很难解决，如果说出我的观点，我相信或者我确定有人会反对，因此我说了等于白说，还不如说一个本身就有点说了等于白说的方法：那就是紧跟中国博大精深的道家文化，顺其自然。
如何处理理想与现实文稿归稿存档编号：[KKUY-KKIO69-OTM243-OLUI129-G00I-FDQS58-
题目：“是社会太复杂，还是我们太单纯；是现实太骨感，还是理想太丰满；是前程太美好，还是路途太曲折”，当理想和现实之间产生差距、发生矛盾时，我们该怎么办？ 正确处理理想与现实 “理想是石,敲出星星之火; 理想是火,点燃熄灭的灯; 理想是灯,照亮夜行的路; 理想是路,引你走到黎明.”这是我们耳熟能详的语句，理想为我们创造了美好的想象，让我们对未来充满了希望，让我们在艰难困苦之时依然坚定自己的信念，坚持着走下去。 然而现实往往给我们带来的却不是理想所期盼的结果，甚至是相反的结局。我们满怀着伟大而美好的理想，我们希望得到良好的成绩，找到高薪的工作，找到让人羡慕的伴侣，驾着高贵的名牌汽车在城市里悠哉的转悠……然而现实却往往不是这样，我们自以为能拿高分，录取到心目中的高校，结果却是来到不喜欢的学校；我们有着骄人的业绩，却由于不被领导熟悉而不能得到升职的机会；我们自诩怀着对所爱之人满满的爱意，却被他人捷足先登走上婚姻的殿堂……这时候我们会迷惘，是我们错了，还是世界错了，是我们的理想脱离了现实太多，还是现实不容许我们拥有自己的理想。理想与现实之间出现了差距，发生了矛盾，我们应该如何面对？ 首先我们应该认识到理想与现实的关系，理想来源于现实，是对当前现实的一种期望方向，理想高于现实，是现实的反映，但不同等于现实，是现实的升华，但理想的实现需要在现实中通过实践来实现的，也就是说理想很大意义上依赖于现实。同时，理想在人们心中形成之后便会对人们的心理产生一定的推动作用，让人们在现实实践中产生实现这一理想的动力。在一定条件下，理想可以转化为现实，旧的理想实现了，又会有新的理想鼓舞和激励着人们。理想转化为现实，现实产生理想的过程会循环往复，无终无止，由此，人类才会不断发展和进步。所以，理想与现实相互依存。
幻想与现实作文600字 假如你有亿万钞票，你会怎样去使用？假如你有阿拉丁神灯，你将会怎样去利用？假如你有主宰宇宙的能力，你会怎样去使用？作为一个普通而平凡的人，我对这类问题一向是不予理睬。因为作为一个常人，我只有踏踏实实适应我所拥有的东西，而不是去幻想飘渺之物的奇幻旅程。 在自然界，有着物竞天择的规律，每一个动物只有适应环境才能躲过灭亡的降临。鳄鱼，虽在现代已是濒临灭绝之物，但是它的情况比恐龙好多了，自从恐龙时代的开启到现代人类世界的兴起，鳄鱼仍未绝种。为什么？因为它能适应环境，对于一个环境它有着自己独特的适应方式，那就是进化，它没有幻想自己能摆脱一身的厚重铠甲，拥有羽翼去翱翔蓝天，而是脚踏实地的奋斗，得到一个属于自己的环境。 相比之下，渡渡鸟的情况就糟多了。对于大陆板块的迁移，恶劣的天气加上猛兽的追杀，它们已是屋漏偏逢连夜雨，终于，随着最后一声枪响，最后一只渡渡鸟死于非命。对于环境，它们只有逃避，但是逃得了一时，逃不了一世，物竞天择，适者生存，我们人来何尝也不是这样？ 股票就是一只小船，或许它将带你走向载满金银的海岛，也能引你走向赔本的深渊。作为一个普通人，对于炒股没有什么经验，过过小日子就行了，不求山珍海味，只求粗茶淡饭，闲暇之时能娱乐一下。可是疯狂的人们却求自己能
富贵一方，成为一个要啥有啥的人，看见别人炒股一夜暴富，便幻想自己也能那样，自以为是股神巴菲特，倾家荡产去买股票。可惜股票虽是花花绿绿的头条，却似一把双刃剑，运气好幸福顺势而来，运气不好赔得连裤头都保不住，所以有时候你不能挑你希望的东西，你得去适应你所拥有的东西。 有的东西你拥有了才知道可贵，有的东西你失去了才知道珍惜，它们是什么？幻想与现实，如果你自恃可以将幻想变成现实，那么请用一盆清水让自己清醒一下，脚踏实地才是人生的正确之道。
欲望号街车——姐妹相认部分（改编后） [Blanche sits in a chair very stiffly with her shoulders slightly hunched and her legs pressed close together and her hands tightly clutching her purse as if she were quite cold. After a while, the blind look goes out of her eyes and she begins to look slowly around. A cat screeches. She catches her breath with a startled gesture. Suddenly she notices something in a half- opened closet. She springs up and crosses to it, and removes a whisky bottle. She pours a half tumbler of whisky and tosses it down. She carefully replaces the bottle and washes out the tumbler at the sink. Then she resumes her seat in front of the table.] 【however， Stella has not came back yet. Blanche determined to look for her. She came to the bowling alley, which Eunice had told her.】[She came in the bowling ally,head towards to bar counter.] Waiter: Hello. madam ,what can I do for you? Blanche:Well,I am looking for Stella,I mean Mrs Stanley. Waiter:She is over there.[he poins to the crowd] Blanche:thanks.[she working to there] [Stella comes quickly and runs to bar counter.] Stella [calling out joyfully]: Blanche! [For a moment, they stare at each other. Then Blanche springs up and runs to her with a wild cry.] Blanche: Stella, oh, Stella, Stella! Stella for Star! [She begins to speak with feverish vivacity as if she feared for either of them to stop and think. They catch each other in a
JIAO SHU YU REN ·JIAO SHI XIN GAI NIAN 200905 人们在确立理想和追求理想的过程中，会感受到理想与现实的矛盾。特别是青年大学生刚刚走上社会的时候，往往会更强烈感受到这一点。当大学生在思想上的矛盾得不到解决时,就会发生犹豫,从而引起思想上的困惑和情绪上的波动，甚至对原有的信念产生动摇。 一旦矛盾得到解决,他们则会更加坚定自己的理想信念。因此，正确看待这种矛盾是很必要的。 正确对待理想与现实的矛盾有的大学生用理想的标准来衡量和要求现实，“用理想来否定现实”，进而对现实大失所望，甚至不满。这种把现实当作理想要求的倾向，不但会导致对现实的全盘否定，还会对理想丧失信心，最终抛弃理想。还有的青年大学生出现了 “以现实否定理想”的倾向。他们往往在面对理想与现实的矛盾时，宁愿抛弃理想，认同现实，甚至认同和美化现实中的消极现象。这是对现实理想丧失信心的表现。社会上一度流行的“告别理想”“告别崇拜”“告别革命”的思潮，以及所谓“前途、前途、有钱就图”的口头禅，就是这种“用现实否定理想”的思潮。现实中确实有许多不尽人意的地方,比如,官僚主义、腐败现象、不正之风,以及下岗、就业难等问题。这些问题完全可以通过深化改革,扩大开放,完善法制法规等来加以解决。之所以会出现这些误区，从思想方法上讲，就是由于不能辨证地看待和处理理想与现实的 矛盾。理想和现实本来就是一对矛盾，它们是对立统一的关系。 一方面，它们是对立的，比如理想是主观的，现实是客观的；理想是完美的，现实是有缺陷的；理想是未来的，现实是当下的，等等。另一方面，它们又是统一的。现实中孕育着理想，形成着理想，包含着理想实现的条件和因素。理想来源于现实，包含着现实的因素，并且将来会变成新的现实。因此，不仅要看到理想与现实矛盾冲突的一面，还要看到他们相一致的方面。 只有这样才能全面地把握二者的关系，不因为在现实中遇到这一矛盾而产生偏颇的思想认识和态度。因此,理想信念教育应让学生敢于面对现实,引导学生用科学的、全面的、发展的、辩证的眼光正确认识和看待理想和现实。 在实践中把理想转化为现实理想毕竟只是一种设想，要将理想变为现实必须依靠实践。 著名的俄国寓言作家克雷洛夫曾经打过一个精彩的比喻。他说，现实是此岸，理想是彼岸，中间隔着湍急的河流，行动则是架在河上的桥梁。可见，要达到理想的彼岸是要付出代价的。人在实现理想的过程中，不可避免地要伴随着困难和挫折，理想之舟的航行处处会碰到急风恶浪。因此，要把理想转化为现实，最根本的途径是要靠自己扎实的实践。 理想实现的长期性、曲折性和艰巨性决定了追求理想的过程是一个艰苦奋斗的过程。在这个过程中，追求者会 遇到各种困难和艰苦的环境，不可避免地会吃苦。如果没有吃苦耐劳的精神，没有在艰苦的环境中不懈奋斗的精神，理想的实现仍然是困难的。贪图享乐、只知坐享其成的人绝不能实现某种理想，而且事实上这样的人根本不会有什么远大的理想。追求理想的过程，也是进一步确立和强化理想信念的过程。正是在为了追求理想而艰苦奋斗的过程中，人的理想和信念经受了考验，得到了磨练，从而变得更加坚定了。只有经历了患难和在逆境中奋斗的人，也才能形成坚定的信念和坚强的意志。 艰苦奋斗不是孤立的自我奋斗，而是相互配合、共同奋斗的过程。每个人都可以有自己的个人理想，但即使是个人理想，它的实现往往不是仅凭个人努力就能实现的，需要他人的帮助和配合。而且， 个人理想又是以社会理想为背景的，它的实现往往以社会共同理想的实现为基础条件。 九尺之台，起于垒土；千里之行，始于足下。我们应充分认识到共产主义制度的实现是人类历史发展的必然趋势，但同时也是一个漫长的历史过程；目前，我们国家建设有中国特色的社会主义事业本身就是共产主义远大目标在现阶段的具体实践，当代大学生在思想上要胸怀远大理想，坚定社会主义信念，把个人理想和社会理想统一起来，从行动上,立足于现实，立足于中国的实际，从自身做起，积极投身于有中国特色社会主义事业中去，在不懈的奋斗中把美好的理想变为现实。 （作者单位：哈尔滨师范大学） 大学生如何处理好理想与现实的关系 姜 嬿 29
浅析《欲望号街车》女性形象 论文摘要： 田纳西?威廉姆斯的《欲望号街车》是一部充满不朽魅力的作品,作品为我们塑造了没落的南方贵族女性布兰奇孤独的、脆弱的、身心畸形的形象,社会优越感、自命清高和恣意放纵成为其悲剧命运的外在原因。本文通过描述布兰奇在社会变革的历史背景下如何对人生进行选择,并如何走向毁灭的,旨在探讨南方种植园文化败落过程中女性悲剧命运的深层社会的原因。 论文引言： “Well，they told meto take a streetcarnamed Desire，and thentransfertoonecalledCemeteries，na difdesixblocksandget ofatElysina Fields．”这是经典影片《欲望号街车》里女主人公寓含寓意的开场白。我们看到一个美丽幽雅的女人，面妙遮掩憔悴的脸庞，无助地左顾右盼，会想象一只美丽而弱小的“自蛾”正舞动着一对薄薄的翅膀扑向一堆将息的灰烬。然而随着剧情深入，布兰奇不为人知的放浪形骸和矫揉造作的贤淑清纯逐一显露，我们不禁迷惑：布兰奇究竟是怎样一个人物，髟象?评论家们为此长期争执，得出许多不同的结论：一些专注于她的温柔、教养、理想主义，视其为出身没落贵族的优雅淑女；另一些则鄙夷她的虚伪做作、不知廉耻，认为她代表堕落世界的轻浮荡妇。在笔者看来，布兰奇是一个蜷缩在自己阴暗的幻想世界里，不敢正视现实生活的悲剧女性。 社会变革的牺牲品—布兰奇 布兰奇作为传统的南方贵族淑女，自幼在种植园经济的生活方式下成长，接受南方思想的教育，作为在淑女绅士的浪漫田园王国。南方保守而封闭的种植园经济，还有传统的农业文明，甚至宗教上的偏执的清教主义，都从思想观念和生活方式等方面烙印她的潜意识里。在相继失去了亲人、丈夫、土地和工作之后，布兰奇由不必为物质担忧，以高贵美丽、优雅迷人为己任的公主逐渐沦为失去亲人保护、被驱逐的底层人士。不得不来到位于新奥尔良的妹妹丝黛拉和妹夫斯坦利的家。乘坐欲望号街车来到天堂福地后布兰奇迷茫而无助的发现这个天堂福地俨然如贫民窟般、杂乱、肮脏、狭小、人员复杂。外界的截然不同的新环境与布兰奇得体的衣着反差巨大。尽管此时的她已经发现了这个现实，但还是坚持活在自己的幻想中。她外表光鲜。热衷于漂亮的衣服和首饰，尽显女性的温柔高贵优雅。即使在又脏又乱的天堂福地，仍在幻想过着诗歌、音乐、舞蹈、绅士、淑女组成的上流社会生活。她对来自社会底层的妹夫斯坦利充满嘲讽鄙夷，叫他“波兰佬、类人猿”。多次引导妹妹丝黛拉回想ＪＤＮ的贵族生活，强调她们高贵的血统和身份，认为丝黛拉不应该委屈自己过着这种无法想象的噩梦般的日子。尽管布兰奇始终坚持内心理想，渴望追求到受尊重的绅士淑女的感情关系，但她自觉的以男性的价值标准来塑造自己。过分的注重自己的外表．尤其是在与男性打交道时：衣着得体，谈吐高雅，温柔被动，纯洁善良。可光鲜的外表难掩一颗空虚而又恐慌的心，她始终依附着男性生存。布兰奇有过一次婚姻，她深爱丈夫艾伦，那是她感情和生存的依赖．然而也是她的不理解和羞辱导致了 艾伦的自杀。丈夫死后布兰奇失去了生活和情感的依靠，她的愧疚和恐慌折磨着她和陌生人发生亲密关系。就是唯一可填补她心灵空白的方法了。这种排解心灵空的方式也是男权主义在布兰奇身上的变异，正如波伏娃在《第二性》中所
如何处理理想与现实的矛盾 理想，是人通过计算人所处的自身环境条件，所心理本能想达到心理愿望！ 现实，就是人通过一定了解所完成目标认识到所完成理想的环境条件！ 自身环境条件是人简单的认识到认为自己可以达到理想的条件（反之，如果人认为自身条件不能完成目标时，就会不形成理想了，或是有这样的理想，也会放弃理想。当然也有一些人不会去计算自身的条件与实现理想条件的差异性，也去进行想实现理想的想法与行动。即此人给感觉不太现实，太幼智。），现实条件往往是后期通过了解，或是为了完成理想进行时发现环境条件。就产生两者的差异性，即矛盾。处理两者条件的差异性，要看完成目标自身能力与非能力条件所占的比例，哪个重要些。如自身能力与完成能力差别大时，就要根据自身的条件，通过一定培训能力，能否达到完成理想的能力条件。当然也有完成时非个人能力环境条件占主要，那么只有放弃了。如你想当美国总统的理想，必须有美国国籍，有党派，有执政经验，有个人威望，有一定社会活动能力，等等多种个人条件能力，你会发现实现条件能力会很难，会本能放弃的。所以你会发现这个社会很现实。 所以处理现实与理想，用中国人的话，就是量力而行。 当然有很少宏观条件的变化，为理想你一步成功，但这种情况出现机会很低，就如中6+1的体育彩票一样的想法一样，梦想出现奇迹一步到位完成理想，那就是痴人做梦！ 当然往往我们现在对现实中许多条件的变化认识有限，很多的变化时产生的效果，我们人本能认为这归于运气好，或是运气坏！其实这在科学上定义为宏观条件变化。而我们个人的意识，便相对性成了微观了。所以会有一些人，不去计算完成理想的自身能力条件与外部条件的条件，去完成理想时，意外让他成功的完成理想，他会本能的产生一个想法，就是认为他运气好！其实这就是运气好的观念由来。当我们不能成功的完成理想时，人会本能的发现完成理想条件的差别性，产生了现实观念，真的很现实哦！ 所以对待现实与理想，第一，要学会量力而行，第二，真的想完成，就要认识完成理想的外部条件（宏观条件），激发自己的斗志，通过学习所达到理想的科学领域的知识提高自己的操作能力，去完成理想。即学习，再学习，做好准备，去实现理想。