绝密★启用前
2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）
英语
本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟。第I卷1至10页，第II卷11至12页。
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
祝各位考生考试顺利！
第I卷
注意事项：
1. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再
选涂其他答案标号。
2. 本卷共55小题，共95分。
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白学#科网处的最佳选项。
例：Stand over there___________ you’ll be able to see it better.
A. or
B. and
C. but
D. while
答案是B。
1. —Albert’s birthday is on next Saturday, and I’m planning a surprise party for him.
—__________. I’ll bring some wine.
A. Sounds like fun
B. It depends
C. Just a minute
D. You are welcome
2. My room is a mess, but I __________clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.
A. daren’t
B. shouldn’t
C. needn’t
D. mustn’t
3. —I want to see Mr. White. We have an appointment.
—I’m sorry, but he is not ________ at the moment, for the meeting hasn’t ended.
A. busy
B. active
C. concerned
D. available
4. She asked me _______ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.
A. when
B. where
C. whether
D. what
5. Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter _________, get married, and have kids.
A. settled down
B. keep off
C. get up
D. cut in
6. Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _________ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
A. regard
B. is regarded
C. are regarded
D. regards
7. —Michael was late for Mr. Smith’s chemistry class this morning.
—________? As far as I know, he never came late to class.
A. So what
B. Why not
C. Who cares
D. How come
8. I ________down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.
A. was driving
B. have driven
C. would drive
D. drove
9. My eldest son, _______ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.
A. that
B. whose
C. his
D. who
10. I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ______.
A. catching
B. caught
C. to catch
D. to be caught
11. It was when I got back to my apartment ______ I first came across my new neighbors.
A. who
B. where
C. which
D. that
12. When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California, you will be _________ trees that are over 1,000 years old.
A. among
B. against
C. behind
D. below
13. We offer an excellent education to our students. ________, we expect students to work hard.
A. On average
B. At best
C. In return
D. After all
14. The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _____ more patients to be treated.
A. being allowed
B. allowing
C. having allowed
D. allowed
15. —Do you have Betty’s phone number?
—Yes. Otherwise, I ______able to reach her yesterday.
A. hadn’t been
B. wouldn’t have been
C. weren’t
D. wouldn’t be
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds. I had a very poor relationship with food: I used it to 16 bad feelings, to make myself feel better, and to celebrate. Worried about my health, I tried many different kinds of 17 but nothing worked. I came to believe that I could do nothing about my 18 .
When I was 50, my weight problem began to affect me 19 . I didn’t want to live the rest of my life with this 20 weight any more.
That year, I 21 a seminar where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world. A seminar leader shared her 22 story —she had not only 125 lost pounds, but also raised $25,000 for homeless children.
23 by her story, I created the As We Heal(痊愈), the World Heals 24 . My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50,000 25 a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger. This combination of healing myself and healing the world 26 me as the perfect solution.
27 I began my own personal weight program, I was filled with the fear that I would 28 the same difficulties that beat me before. While the 29 hung over my head, there were also signs that I was headed down the right 30 . I sent letters to everyone I knew, telling them about my project. It worked perfectly. Donations began 31 in from hundreds of people.
Of course, I also took some practical steps to lose weight. I consulted with a physician（内医生）, I hired a fitness coach, and I began to eat small and 32 meals. My fund-raising focus also gave me new motivation to exercise 33 .
A year later, I 34 my goal: I lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000! I feel that I’ve been given a second life to devote to something that is 35 and enormous.
16. A. add B. mix C. kill D. share
17. A. diets B. drinks C. fruits D. dishes
18. A. height B. ability C. wisdom D. weight
19. A. temporarily B. recently C. seriously D. secretly
20. A. ideal B. extra C. normal D. low
21. A. attended B. organized C. recommended D. mentioned
22. A. folk B. success C. adventure D. science
23. A. Surprised B. Amused C. Influenced D. Disturbed
24. A. project B. business C. system D. custom
25. A. in search of B. in need of C. in place of D. in support of
26. A. scared B. considered C. confused D. struck
27. A. As B. Until C. If D. Unless
28. A. get over B. run into C. look for D. put aside
29. A. excitement B. joy C. anger D. fear
30. A. row B. hall C. path D. street
31. A. breaking B. flooding C. jumping D. stepping
32. A. heavy B. full C. expensive D. healthy
33. A. regularly B. limitlessly C. suddenly D. randomly
34. A. set B. reached C. missed D. dropped
35. A. stressful B. painful C. meaningful D. peaceful
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Suppose you’re in a rush, feeling tired, not paying attention to your screen, and you send an email that could get you in trouble.
Realisation will probably set in seconds after you’ve clicked “send”. You freeze in horror and burn with shame.
What to do? Here are four common email accidents, and how to recover.
Clicking “send” too soon
Don’t waste your time trying to find out if the receiver has read it yet. Write another email as swiftly as you can and send it with a brief title explaining that this is the correct version and the previous version should be ignored.
Writing the wrong time
The sooner you notice, the better. Respond quickly and briefly, apologising for your mistake. Keep the tone measured: don’t handle it too lightly, as people can be offended, especially if your error suggests a misunderstanding of their culture(i.e. incorrect ordering of Chinese names).
Clicking “reply all” unintentionally
You accidentally reveal(透露)to the entire company what menu choices you would prefer at the staff
Christmas dinner, or what holiday you’d like to take. In this instance, the best solution is to send a quick, light-hearted apology to explain your awkwardness. But it can quickly rise to something worse, when everyone starts hitting “reply all”to join in a long and unpleasant conversation. In this instance, step away from your keyboard to allow everyone to calm down.
Sending an offensive message to its subject
The most awkward email mistake is usually committed in anger. You write an unkind message about someone, intending to send it to a friend, but accidentally send it to the person you’re discussing. In that case, ask to speak in person as soon as possible and say sorry. Explain your frustrations calmly and sensibly—see it as an opportunity to clear up any difficulties you may have with this person.
36. After realising an email accident, you are likely to feel _______.
A. curious
B. tired
C. awful
D. funny
37. If you have written the wrong name in an email, it is best to ________.
A. apologise in a serious manner
B. tell the receiver to ignore the error
C. learn to write the name correctly
D. send a short notice to everyone
38. What should you do when an unpleasant conversation is started by your “reply all” email?
A. Try offering other choices.
B. Avoid further involvement.
C. Meet other staff members.
D. Make a light-hearted apology.
39. How should you deal with the problem caused by an offensive email?
A. By promising not to offend the receiver again.
B. By seeking support from the receiver’s friends.
C. By asking the receiver to control his anger.
D. By talking to the receiver face to face.
40. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Defining email errors.
B. Reducing email mistakes.
C. Handling email accidents.
D. Improving email writing.
B
Fifteen years ago, I took a summer vacation in Lecce in southern Italy. After climbing up a hill for a panoramic(全景的) view of the blue sea, white buildings and green olive trees, I paused to catch my breath and then positioned myself to take the best photo of this panorama.
Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view. Like me, this woman was here to stop, sigh and appreciate the view.
Patient as I was, after about 15 minutes, my camera scanning the sun and reviewing the shot I would eventually take, I grew frustrated. Was it too much to ask her to move so I could take just one picture of the landscape? Sure, I could have asked her, but something prevented me from doing so. She seemed so content in her observation. I didn’t want to mess with that.
Another 15 minutes passed and I grew bored. The woman was still there. I decided to take the photo anyway. And now when I look at it, I think her presence in the photo is what makes the image interesting. The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow comes to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it.
This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who “ruined” it, now hangs on a wall in my bedroom. What would she think if she knew that her figure is captured(捕捉) and frozen on some stranger’s bedroom wall? A bedroom, after all, is a very private space, in which some woman I don’t even know has been immortalized(使……永存). In some ways, she lives in my house.
Perhaps we all live in each others’spaces. Perhaps this is what photos are for: to remind us that we all appreciate beauty, that we all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us.
That photo is a reminder, a captured moment, an unspoken conversation between two women, separated only by a thin square of glass.
41. What happened when the author was about to take a photo?
A. Her camera stopped working.
B. A woman blocked her view.
C. Someone asked her to leave.
D. A friend approached from behind.
42. According to the author, the woman was probably_______.
A. enjoying herself
B. losing her patience
C. waiting for the sunset
D. thinking about her past
43. In the author’s opinion, what makes the photo so alive?
A. The rich color of the landscape.
B. The perfect positioning of the camera.
C. The woman’s existence in the photo.
D. The soft sunlight that summer day.
44. The photo on the bedroom wall enables the author to better understand ________.
A. the need to be close to nature
B. the importance of private space
C. the joy of the vacation in Italy
D. the shared passion for beauty
45. The passage can be seen as the author’s reflections upon _________.
A. a particular life experience
B. the pleasure of traveling
C. the art of photography
D. a lost friendship
C
This month, Germany’s transport minister, Alexander Dobrindt, proposed the first set of rules for autonomous vehicles(自主驾驶车辆). They would define the driver’s role in such cars and govern how such cars perform in crashes where lives might be lost.
The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles: the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future.
Dobrindt wants three things: that a car always chooses property(财产) damage over personal injury; that it never distinguishes between humans based on age or race; and that if a human removes his or her hands from the driving wheel — to check email, say — the car’s maker is responsible if there is a crash.
“The change to the road traffic law will permit fully automatic driving,”says Dobrindt. It will put fully driverless cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers, he says.
Who is responsible for the operation of such vehicles is not clear among car makers, consumers and lawyers. “The liability(法律责任) issue is the biggest one of them all,” says Natasha Merat at the University of Leeds, UK.
An assumption behind UK insurance for driverless cars, introduced earlier this year, insists that a human “be watchful and monitoring the road” at every moment.
But that is not what many people have in mind when thinking of driverless cars. “When you say ‘driverless cars’, people expect driverless cars.” Merat says. “You know — no driver.”
Because of the confusion, Merat thinks some car makers will wait until vehicles can be fully automated without operation.
Driverless cars may end up being a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own, says Ryan Calo at Stanford University, California. That is happening in the UK and Singapore, where government-provided driverless vehicles are being launched.
That would go down poorly in the US, however. “The idea that the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here,” says Calo.
46. What does the phrase “death valley” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. A place where cars often break down.
B. A case where passing a law is impossible.
C. An area where no driving is permitted.
D. A situation where drivers’ role is not clear.
47. The proposal put forward by Dobrindt aims to __________.
A. stop people from breaking traffic rules
B. help promote fully automatic driving
C. protect drivers of all ages and races
D. prevent serious property damage
48. What do consumers think of the operation of driverless cars?
A. It should get the attention of insurance companies.
B. It should be the main concern of law makers.
C. It should not cause deadly traffic accidents.
D. It should involve no human responsibility.
49. Driverless vehicles in public transport see no bright future in _________.
A. Singapore
B. the UK
C. the US
D. Germany
50. What could be the best title for the passage?
A. Autonomous Driving: Whose Liability?
B. Fully Automatic Cars: A New Breakthrough
C. Autonomous Vehicles: Driver Removed!
D. Driverless Cars: Root of Road Accidents
D
I read somewhere that we spend a full third of our lives waiting. But where are we doing all of this waiting, and what does it mean to an impatient society like ours? To understand the issue, let’s take a look at three types of “waits”.
The very purest form of waiting is the Watched-Pot Wait. It is without doubt the most annoying of all. Take filling up the kitchen sink(洗碗池) as an example. There is absolutely nothing you can do while this is going on but keep both eyes fixed on the sink until it’s full. During these waits, the brain slips away from the body and wanders about until the water runs over the edge of the counter and onto your socks. This kind of wait makes the waiter helpless and mindless.
A cousin to the Watched-Pot Wait is the Forced Wait. This one requires a bit of discipline. Properly preparing packaged noodle soup requires a Forced Wait. Directions are very specific. “Bring three cups of water to boil, add mix, simmer three minutes, remove from heat, let stand five minutes.” I have my doubts that anyone has actually followed the procedures strictly. After all, Forced Waiting requires patience.
Perhaps the most powerful type of waiting is the Lucky-Break Wait. This type of wait is unusual in that it is for the most part voluntary. Unlike the Forced Wait, which is also voluntary, waiting for your lucky break does not necessarily mean that it will happen.
Turning one’s life into a waiting game requires faith and hope, and is strictly for the optimists among us. On the surface it seems as ridiculous as following the directions on soup mixes, but the Lucky-Break Wait well serves those who are willing to do it. As long as one doesn’t come to rely on it, wishing for a few good things to happen never hurts anybody.
We certainly do spend a good deal of our time waiting. The next time you’re standing at the sink waiting for it to fill while cooking noodle soup that you’ll have to eat until a large bag of cash falls out of the sky, don’t be desperate. You’re probably just as busy as the next guy.
51. While doing a Watched-Pot Wait, we tend to ___________.
A. keep ourselves busy
B. get absent-minded
C. grow anxious
D. stay focused
52. What is the difference between the Forced Wait and the Watched-Pot Wait?
A. The Forced Wait requires some self-control.
B. The Forced Wait makes people passive.
C. The Watched-Pot Wait needs directions.
D. The Watched-Pot Wait engages body and brain.
53. What can we learn about the Lucky-Break Wait?
A. It is less voluntary than the Forced Wait.
B. It doesn’t always bring the desired result.
C. It is more fruitful than the Forced Wait.
D. It doesn’t give people faith and hope.
54. What does the author advise us to do the next time we are waiting?
A. Take it seriously.
B. Don’t rely on others.
C. Do something else.
D. Don’t lose heart.
55. The author supports his view by _________.
A. exploring various causes of “waits”
B. describing detailed processes of “waits”
C. analyzing different categories of “waits”
D. revealing frustrating consequences of “waits”
第II卷
注意事项：
1. 用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。
2. 本卷共6小题，共35分。
第三部分：写作
第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
In the years of my growing up, Dad was strict with me. He made sure I made my bed and did my homework. He would call in advance to make sure there was no alcohol at the party. I got so angry with him for laying down the law. I would scream, “ I hate you!” Dad would yell back, “Good! I don’t care!” Deep down I knew he did.
One time at a party, I drank too much alcohol and got so sick. I said, “ Call my dad.” Next thing, Dad was carrying me to the car. I woke up the next morning, thinking I would definitely be criticised. As expected, I got a roasting, but I now understand why I need discipline.
Dad was 29 when he got his big roles in films. I had an early start at the age of nine with a role in a 1990s TV series, but it wasn’t until I finished film studies that I pursued my career as an actress. Like those early days for Dad, I faced lots of rejections. Working in such a competitive industry, I’ve sometimes thought, “I can’t do this any more.”
Once, after a trip to Hollywood, I returned to Australia so depressed and spent months in my bedroom painting, listening to Eckhart Tolle’s music and trying to find myself again. Dad sat me down and said,“Alice, I know it’s hard, but it’s all about persistence(坚持不懈).”
Now I get to work with Dad a lot, which I love. We both passionate about acting, which comes from us being so interested in people. If it weren’t for Dad, I wouldn’t be where I am today. He’s my biggest fan, and when you have that in your life you can go a long way.
56. What rules did Alice’s father set for her when she was growing up?(no more than 15 words)
57. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean? (no more than 5 words)
58. What did Alice’s father do when she felt depressed? (no more than 5 words)
59. According to the last paragraph, what do Alice and her father have in common? (no more than 10 words)
60. What do you think of Alice’s father? Please explain. (no more than 20 words)
56.
57.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
61.
假设你是李津，与你以前的外籍教师Mrs. Green 一直保持联系。近日她来信询问你的近况，请根据以下提示给她回复一封邮件。
（1）简要介绍自己的学习和生活；
（2）告知你已成为八月底在津学.科网举办的第十三届全运会的志愿者，并介绍为此所做的准备（如深入了解天津等）；
（3）希望她有机会重访天津。
注意：
（1）词数不少于100；
（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
（3）开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：第十三届全运会the 13th National Games
Dear Mrs. Green,
I’m glad to hear from you. ______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Jin
2017年天津市高考语文试卷 一、（12分） 1．（3分）下列词语中加点字的字音和字形，全都正确的一项是（）A．追溯．（sù）隽．（jùn）永忙不迭．（dié）返璞．（pú）归真 B．信笺．（qiān）洗漱．（shù）一溜．（liù）烟恪．（kè）守不渝 C．收敛．（liǎn）蕴藉．（jiè）一刹．（chà）那敷衍塞．（sè）责 D．整饬．（chì）框．（kuàng）架肇．（zhào）事者心无旁鹜．（wù） 2．（3分）依次填入下面语段横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是（） 大多数人的_____中，真与美并不是一回事，尤其是文艺复兴以后，美成为人文素养中的主要_____，真与美就_____了。这并不是说真与美是对立的，而是把美的价值提高，达到与真_____的程度。 A．观点内含劳燕分飞同日而语 B．观念涵义天南海北平分秋色 C．理念涵养南辕北辙相提并论 D．心目内涵分道扬镳分庭抗礼 3．（3分）下列各句中没有 ．．语病的一句是（） A．为迎办第十三届全国运动会，市容园林系统集中力量营造整洁有序、大气靓丽、优质宜居的城市形象。 B．随着厂商陆续推出新车型，消费者又再次将目光聚焦到新能源车上，不少新能源车的增长在15%到30%左右。 C．河道综合治理工程完成后，将为尽早实现京津冀北运河全线通航打好基础，并将成为北运河的一个重要旅游节点。 D．当人类信息以指数级别爆炸式增长时，我们需要能深度学习的人工智能为我们提供协助，帮助我们让生活更加便捷轻松。 4．（3分）下列有关文化常识的表述，不正确 ．．．的一项是（）A．中国的干支纪年法中的“地支”是指：子、丑、寅、卯、辰、巳、午、未、申、酉、戌、亥． B．韩愈《师说》“六艺经传皆通习之”中的“六艺”是指礼、乐、射、御、书、数六种学问和技能．
2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷Ⅲ） 英语答案解析 第一部分:阅读理解 第一节 1.【答案】A 【解析】题干问的是三月份可参加的旅行，而第一个项目San Francisco Winery Tour的时间是从2月1日到4月30日。故选A。 【考点】冠词，细节理解。 2.【答案】C 【解析】第二个项目Back to the Fifties Tour中提到在San Francisco你能免费品尝冰淇淋。而其他选项在这个旅行中没有被提到。故选C。 【考点】介词辨析，细节理解。 3.【答案】D 【解析】第四个项目Holiday Lights Tour的最后一句话提到”Advance reservations required”，由此可知，该旅行需要提前预定。故选D。 【考点】代词，细节理解。 4.【答案】B 【解析】根据第一段的最后一句”As one group of workers carried out the rubbish，another group began removing seats and other theater equipment in preparation for the buildings end”可推断出工人们清理垃圾和清除座位及其他剧院设备是在为剧院的关闭做准备。故选B。 【考点】副词辨析，推理判断。 5.【答案】D 【解析】根据第二段中的”Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate”可知，剧院的老板亲自选定了The Last picture Show这部电影，因为他认为这部电影很合适。原文中的“appropriate”和D选项的“suitable都表示“合适的”。故选D。 【考点】细节理解。 6.【答案】C 【解析】第四段最后一句说剧院被卖给了当地的开发公司，该公司计划在剧院所在地建综合购物大楼，因此可推断出剧院将被推倒拆除。故选C。 【考点】动词的时态，推理判断。
绝密★ 启用前 2017 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 理科综合能力测试 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 S 32 Cl35.5 K39 Ti 48 Fe 56 I 127 一、选择题：本题共13个小题，每小题 6 分，共78分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是 符合题目要求的。 1．细胞间信息交流的方式有多种。在哺乳动物卵巢细胞分泌的雌激素作用于乳腺细胞的过程中，以及精子进入卵细胞的过程中，细胞间信息交流的实现分别依赖于 A. 血液运输，突触传递 B.淋巴运输，突触传递 C.淋巴运输，胞间连丝传递 D.血液运输，细胞间直接接触 2. 下列关于细胞结构与成分的叙述，错误的是 A. 细胞膜的完整性可用台盼蓝染色法进行检测 B. 检测氨基酸的含量可用双缩脲试剂进行显色 C. 若要观察处于细胞分裂中期的染色体可用醋酸洋红液染色 D. 斐林试剂是含有C『+的碱性溶液，可被葡萄糖还原成砖红色 3. 通常，叶片中叶绿素含量下降可作为其衰老的检测指标。为研究激素对叶片衰老的影响，将某植 物离体叶片分组，并分别置于蒸馏水、细胞分裂素（CTK）、脱落酸（ABA）、CTK+ABA 溶液中，再将各组置于光下。一段时间内叶片中叶绿素含量变化趋势如图所示，据图判断，下列叙述错误的是
绝密★启用前 2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 理科数学 本试卷5页，23小题，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B 铅笔将 试卷类型（B ）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。 2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B 铅笔在答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。 3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。 4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、选择题：本题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目 要求的。 1．已知集合A ={x |x <1}，B ={x |31x <}，则 A ．{|0}A B x x =U D ．A B =?I 2．如图，正方形ABCD 内的图形来自中国古代的太极图.正方形内切圆中的黑色部分和白色部分关于正方形的中心成中心对称.在正方形内随机取一点，则此点取自黑色部分的概率是 A ．14 B ．π8 C ． 12 D ． π4 3．设有下面四个命题 1p ：若复数z 满足1 z ∈R ，则z ∈R ； 2p ：若复数z 满足2z ∈R ，则z ∈R ； 3p ：若复数12,z z 满足12z z ∈R ，则12z z =；
2017年高考天津卷及答案 第Ⅰ卷 注意事项： 1．每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 2．本卷共12小题，每小题3分，共36分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。 一、（12分） 1．下列词语中加点字的字音和字形，全都正确的一项是 A．追溯（sù）隽（jùn）永忙不迭（dié）返璞（pú）归真 B．信笺（qiān）洗漱（shù）一溜（liù）烟恪（kè）守不渝 C．收敛（liǎn）蕴藉（jiè）一刹（chà）那敷衍塞（sè）责 D．整饬（chì）框（kuàng）架肇（zhào）事者心无旁鹜（wù） 2．依次填入下面语段横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是 大多数人的中，真与美并不是一回事，尤其是文艺复兴以后，美成为人文素养中的主要，真与美就了。这并不是说真与美是对立的，而是把美的价值提高，达到与真的程度。A．观点内含劳燕分飞同日而语 B．观念涵义天南海北平分秋色 C．理念涵养南辕北辙相提并论 D．心目内涵分道扬镳分庭抗礼 3．下列各句中没有语病的一句是 A．为迎办第十三届全国运动会，市容园林系统集中力量营造整洁有序、大气靓丽、优质宜居的城市形象。 B．随着厂商陆续推出新车型，消费者又再次将目光聚焦到新能源车上，不少新能源车的增长在15%到30%左右 C．河道综合治理工程完成后，将为尽早实现京津冀北运河全线通航打好基础，并将成为北运河的一个重要旅游节点。 D．当人类信息以指数级别爆炸式增长时，我们需要能深度学习的人工智能为我们提供协助，帮助我们让生活更加便捷轻松。 4．下列有关文化常识的表述，不正确的一项是 A．中国的干支纪年法中的“地支”是指：子、丑、寅、卯、辰、巳、午、未、申、酉、戌、亥。 B．韩愈《师说》“六艺经传皆通习之”中的“六艺”是指礼、乐、射、御、书、数六种学问和技能。 C．古代以山之南、水之北为阳，山之北、水之南为阴，如衡阳在衡山之南，江阴在长江之南。 D．土地孕育五谷，五谷之长为稷，古代帝王对土神“社”和谷神“稷”进行祭祀，后世以“社稷”代称国家。 二、（9分） 阅读下面的文字，完成5~7题。
徐老师 2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语 (考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分) 注意事项： 1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号 涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分) 做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡ 19.15. B. ￡ 9.18. C. ￡ 9.15. 答案是C。 1. What does the woman think of the movie? A. It’s amusing. B. It’s exciting. C.It’s disappointing. 2. How will Susan spend most of her time in France? A. Traveling around. B. Studying at a school. C. Looking after her aunt. 第1页
3. What are the speakers talking about? A. Going out. B. Ordering drinks. C. Preparing for a party. 4. Where are the speakers? A. In a classroom. B. In a library. C. In a bookstore. 5. What is the man going to do? A. Go on the Internet. B. Make a phone call. C. Take a train trip. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman looking for? A. An information office. B. A police station C. A shoe repair shop. 7. What is the Town Guide according to the man? A. A brochure. B. A newspaper. C. A map. 听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。 8. What does the man say about the restaurant? A. It’s the biggest one around. B. It offers many tasty dishes. C. It’s famous for its seafood. 9. What will the woman probably order? A. Fried fish. B. Roast chicken. C. Beef steak. 听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。 10. Where will Mr. White be at 11 o’clock? A. At the office. B. At the airport. C. At the restaurant. 11. What will Mr. White probably do at one in the afternoon? A. Receive a guest. B. Have a meeting. C. Read a report. 第2页
2017年普通高等学校全国统一考试（新课标II） 语文 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第I卷（阅读题）和第II卷（表达题）两部分。 2．考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。 3．作答时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第Ⅰ卷阅读题 一、现代文阅读（35分） （一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分） 阅读下面的文字，完成1-3题。 青花瓷发展的黄金时代是明朝永乐、宣德时期，与郑和下西洋在时间上重合，这不能不使我们思考：航海与瓷器同时达到鼎盛，仅仅是历史的偶然吗？从历史事实来看，郑和下西洋为青花瓷的迅速崛起提供了历史契机。近三十年的航海历程推动了作为商品的青花瓷的大量生产与外销，不仅促进技术创新，使青花瓷达到瓷器新工艺的顶峰，而且改变了中国瓷器发展的走向，带来了人们审美观念的更新。这也就意味着，如果没有郑和远航带来活跃的对外贸易，青花瓷也许会像在元代一样，只是中国瓷器的诸多品种之一，而不会成为主流，更不会成为中国瓷器的代表。由此可见，青花瓷崛起是郑和航海时代技术创新与文化交融的硕果，中外交往的繁盛在推动文明大交融的同时，也推动了生产技术与文化艺术的创新发展。 作为中外文明交融的结晶，青花瓷真正成为中国瓷器的主流，则是因为成化年间原料本土化带来了民窑青花瓷的崛起。民窑遍地开花，进入商业化模式之后，几乎形成了青花瓷一统天下的局面。一种海外流行的时尚由此成为中国本土的时尚，中国传统的人物、花鸟、山水，与外来的伊斯兰风格融为一体，青花瓷成为中国瓷器的代表，进而走向世界，最终万里同风，成为世界时尚。 一般来说，一个时代有一个时代的文化，而时尚兴盛则是社会快速变化的标志。因此，瓷器的演变之所以引人注目，还在于它与中国传统社会从单一向多元社会的转型同步。瓷器的演变与社会变迁有着千丝万缕的联系，这使我们对明代有了新的思考和认识。如果说以往人们所了解的明初是一个复兴传统的时代，其文化特征是回归传统，明初往往被认为是保守的，那么青花瓷的例子，则可以使人们对明初文化的兼容性有一个新的认识。事实上，与明代中外文明的交流高峰密切相关，明代中国正是通过与海外交流而走向开放和进步的，青花瓷的两次外销高峰就反映了这一点。第一次在亚非掀起了中国风，第二次则兴起了XX的中国风。 可见，明代不仅是中国陶瓷史上的一个重大转折时期，也是中国传统社会的重要转型时期。正是中外文明的交融，成功推动了中国瓷器从单色走向多彩的转型，青花瓷以独特方式昭示了明代文化的演变过程，成为中国传统社会从单一走向多元的例证。 （摘编自万明《明代青花瓷崛起的轨迹》） 1.下列关于原文内容的理解和分析，正确的一项是（3分）（）
2017年天津市高考历史试卷 一、本卷共11题，每题4分，共44分。在每题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。 1．（4分）“早在明末清初，诸先贤就曾将传统时代一切政治体制的弊病悉归之于‘一家一姓’的君主专制……但若认定传统政治制度仅仅是因君主‘私天下’而造就一切，君主制能维持两千余年就成为不可理解的‘哑谜’．事实上，支撑中国君主制长期存活的社会机制极为复杂，而且在一种特定的社会体制内还长期有效。”这段论述意在强调（） A．君主专制存在诸多弊病 B．君主专制制度根深蒂固 C．君主制长期存在的原因无法解释 D．君主制的存在有其特定历史条件 2．（4分）史载，清代“朱仙镇，天下四大镇之一也。食货富于南而输于北，由佛山镇至汉口镇……由汉口镇至朱仙镇……朱仙镇最为繁夥，景德镇则窑器居多耳”。其中朱仙镇和景德镇位于图中（） A．①②B．①③C．②③D．②④ 3．（4分）马丁?路德反对罗马教廷，宣扬因信仰而得救。他倡导的改革运动得到农民、手工工匠、下层僧侣的支持，推动了宗教民族主义的发展。王公贵族为扩大自身政治权力，也纷纷建立其辖区官方教会。这主要说明宗教改革（）A．使社会各阶层有了共同目标B．扩大了世俗贵族权力 C．有利于近代民族国家的形成D．有着广泛的社会基础
4．（4分）1821～1850年，清代史籍著述出现重大变化：由校勘古籍转向研究本朝掌故，寻求经世之道；随着边患加剧，着意边疆地理研究；伴随西方殖民者东来，重视研究外国史地，译介西方书刊。这种变化主要反映了人们（）A．关注社会现实及世界形势B．改变了传统治史方法 C．转向对本朝边疆史地研究D．挣脱了文字狱的枷锁 5．（4分）19世纪后，许多国家尤其沿海国家都无可选择地与海洋联系在一起。但近代中国发展海军并未真正认识这一世界大潮，而始终局限于对西方列强炮舰政策的本能反应，呈现出“海患紧则海军兴，海患缓则海军弛”的状态。这体现出近代中国（） A．自觉意识到发展海军的重要性 B．主动与世界联系在一起 C．发展海军呈现被动和短视现象 D．发展海军顺应历史大潮 6．（4分）1830年，英国正式启用第一条商业铁路，十年后公布火车时刻表。因为火车比马车快太多，所以各地时间的微小差异就造成了巨大的困扰。1880年，英国首次立法规定全国的时刻表都须以格林尼治时间为准，这就要求人们依据人工的时钟而非依据当地日升日落周期来过生活。这段材料重在说明（）A．工业革命带来社会生活的变化 B．技术发展对人类生活有所制约 C．时间的精确成为日常生活的必要 D．统一的时间有利于国家管理 7．（4分）“12月18日，天津商会等团体召开市民大会……到会者约十万余人。社会人士李实忱宣布了与日交涉原则：反对会外交涉；取消二十一条；山东权利无条件收回；满蒙领土完全。经全场同意后，致电张仲述，请其在美仍‘督促专使提鲁案于太会讨论’．津埠民众运动达到达高潮。”上述史实发生于（）A．五四运动期间B．巴黎和会期间 C．华盛顿会议期间 D．开罗会议期间 8．（4分）1938年，中共中央机关刊物《解放》周刊连续发表文章，总结七年来党在东北抗日游击战争中的经验教训，其根本经验的第一条便是“巩固和扩大抗
绝密★启封前试卷类型A 2017 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国 1 卷）
英语 （考试时间： 120 分钟试卷满分：150分） 第一部分听力 (共两节，满分 30 分)略 第二部分阅读理解 (共两节，满分 40 分 ) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、 B、 C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Pacific Science Center Guide ◆Visit Pacific Science Center ’s Store Don’ t forget to stop by Pacific Science Center’ s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or remember your visit. The store is located(位于 ) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laster Dome. ◆Hungry Our exhibits will feed your mind but what about your body? Our caf offers aécomplete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials. The caf is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour before Pacific Science Center closes. ◆Rental Information Lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required. ◆S upport Pacific Science Center Since 1962 Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(热情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science, math and technology. Today Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and beings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State. It an amazing accomplishment and one we connot achieve without generous support
2017年天津市高考数学试卷（文科） 一、选择题：在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的. 1．（5分）设集合A={1，2，6}，B={2，4}，C={1，2，3，4}，则（A∪B）∩C=（） A．{2}B．{1，2，4}C．{1，2，4，6}D．{1，2，3，4，6} 2．（5分）设x∈R，则“2﹣x≥0”是“|x﹣1|≤1”的（） A．充分而不必要条件B．必要而不充分条件 C．充要条件D．既不充分也不必要条件 3．（5分）有5支彩笔（除颜色外无差别），颜色分别为红、黄、蓝、绿、紫．从这5支彩笔中任取2支不同颜色的彩笔，则取出的2支彩笔中含有红色彩笔的概率为（） A．B．C．D． 4．（5分）阅读如图的程序框图，运行相应的程序，若输入N的值为19，则输出N的值为（） A．0 B．1 C．2 D．3 5．（5分）已知双曲线﹣=1（a＞0，b＞0）的右焦点为F，点A在双曲线
的渐近线上，△OAF是边长为2的等边三角形（O为原点），则双曲线的方程为（） A．B．C．D． 6．（5分）已知奇函数f（x）在R上是增函数．若a=﹣f（），b=f（log24.1），c=f（20.8），则a，b，c的大小关系为（） A．a＜b＜c B．b＜a＜c C．c＜b＜a D．c＜a＜b 7．（5分）设函数f（x）=2sin（ωx+φ），x∈R，其中ω＞0，|φ|＜π．若f（）=2，f（）=0，且f（x）的最小正周期大于2π，则（） A．ω=，φ=B．ω=，φ=﹣ C．ω=，φ=﹣D．ω=，φ= 8．（5分）已知函数f（x）=，设a∈R，若关于x的不等式f（x）≥|+a|在R上恒成立，则a的取值范围是（） A．[﹣2，2]B．C．D． 二、填空题：本大题共6小题，每小题5分，共30分. 9．（5分）已知a∈R，i为虚数单位，若为实数，则a的值为．10．（5分）已知a∈R，设函数f（x）=ax﹣lnx的图象在点（1，f（1））处的切线为l，则l在y轴上的截距为． 11．（5分）已知一个正方体的所有顶点在一个球面上，若这个正方体的表面积为18，则这个球的体积为． 12．（5分）设抛物线y2=4x的焦点为F，准线为l．已知点C在l上，以C为圆心的圆与y轴的正半轴相切于点A．若∠FAC=120°，则圆的方程为．13．（5分）若a，b∈R，ab＞0，则的最小值为． 14．（5分）在△ABC中，∠A=60°，AB=3，AC=2．若=2，=λ﹣（λ
2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷1） 英语 （考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1.本试卷由四个部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分の第一节为选择题。第三部分の第二节和第四部分为非选择题。 2.答卷前，考生务必将自己の姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目の答案标号涂黑；回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟の时间将试卷上の答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给のA、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷の相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟の时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡ 19. 15. B. ￡ 9. 18. C. ￡ 9. 15. 答案是C。 1.What does the woman think of the movie? A.It’s amusing B.It’s exciting C.It’s disappointing 2.How will Susan spend most of her time in France? A. Traveling around B.Studying at a school C.Looking after her aunt 3.What are the speakers talking about? A. Going out B.Ordering drinks C.Preparing for a party 4.Where are the speakers? A.In a classroom B.In a library C.In a bookstore 5.What is the man going to do ?
2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（xx卷）数学（理科） 第Ⅰ卷（共50分） 一、选择题：本大题共10小题，每小题5分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的． （1）【2017年xx，理1，5分】设函数的定义域为，函数的定义域为，则（）（A）（B）（C）（D） 【答案】D 【解析】由得，由得，，故选D． （2）【2017年xx，理2，5分】已知，是虚数单位，若，，则（）（A）1或（B）或（C）（D） 【答案】A 【解析】由得，所以，故选A． （3）【2017年xx，理3，5分】已知命题：，；命题：若，则，下列命题为真命题的是（） （A）（B）（C）（D） 【答案】B 【解析】由时有意义，知是真命题，由可知是假命题， 即，均是真命题，故选B． （4）【2017年xx，理4，5分】已知、满足约束条件，则的最大值是（）（A）0（B）2（C）5（D）6 【答案】C 【解析】由画出可行域及直线如图所示，平移发现，
当其经过直线与的交点时，最大为 ，故选C． （5）【2017年xx，理5，5分】为了研究某班学生的脚长（单位：厘米）和身高（单位：厘米）的关系，从该班随机抽取10名学生，根据测量数据的散点图可以看出与之间有线性相关关系，设其回归直线方程为，已知，，，该班某学生的脚长为24，据此估计其身高为（） （A）160（B）163（C）166（D）170 【答案】C 【解析】，故选C． （6）【2017年xx，理6，5分】执行两次如图所示的程序框图，若第一次输入的值为7，第 二次输入的值为9，则第一次、第二次输出的值分别为（）（A）0，0（B）1，1（C）0，1（D）1，0 【答案】D 【解析】第一次；第二次，故选D． （7）【2017年xx，理7，5分】若，且，则下列不等式成立的是（）（A）（B）（C）（D） 【答案】B 【解析】，故选B． （8）【2017年xx，理8，5分】从分别标有1，2，…，9的9xx卡片中不放回地随机抽取2次，每次抽取1xx，则抽到在2xx卡片上的数奇偶性不同的概率是（） （A）（B）（C）（D）
2017年高考英语全国卷Ⅱ 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） A In the coming months, we are bringing together artists from all over the globe, to enjoy speaking S hakespeare’s plays in their own language, in our globe, within the architecture Shakespeare wrote for. please come and join us. National Theatre Of China Beijing|Chinese This great occasion(盛会) will be the national Theatre of C hina’s first visit to the UK. The company’s productions show the new face of 21st century Chinese theatre. This production of Shakespeare’s Richard III will be directed by the National’s Associate Director, Wang Xiaoying. Date &Time: Saturday 28 April,2.30pm&Sunday 29 April,1.30pm&6.30pm Marjanishvili Theatre Tbilisi |Georgian One of the most famous theatres in Georgia, the Marjanishvili, founded in 1928,appears regularly at theatre festivals all over the world. This new production of As You Like It is helmed（指导）by the company’s Artistic Director Levan Tsuladze. Date & Time : Friday 18May,2.30pm&Saturday 19May,7.30pm Deafinitely Theatre London | British Sign Language （BSL） By translating the rich and humourous text of Love’s Labour’s Lost into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare’s comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience. Date&Time: Tueaday 22 May,2.30pm&Wednesday 23 May,7.30pm Habima National Theatre Tel Aviv| Hebrew The Habima is the centre of Hebrew-language theatre worldwide, Founded in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s,Since 1958,they have been recognized as the national theatre of Israel. This production of Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice marks their first visit to the UK. Date &Time: Monday 28May,7.30&Tuesday 29 May,7.30pm 21.which play will be performed by the National Theatre of China? A. Richard Ⅲ. B. Lover’s Labour’s Lost. C.As You Like It. D. The merchant of Venice. 22.What is special about Deafinnitely Theatre? A. It has two groups of actors. B. It is the leading theatre in London. C. It performs plays in BSL. D. It is good at producing comedies. 23.When can you see a play in Hebrew? A. On Saturday 28Apil. B. On Sunday 29 April. C. On Tuesday 22 May. D. On Tuesday 29 May. B I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when George Roy Hill, the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, introduced us in New York City. When the studio didn’t want me for the film— it wanted somebody as well known as Paul — he stood up for me. I don’t know how many people would have done that; they would hav e listened to their agents or the studio powers. The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were respectful of craft （技艺）and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other— but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core（核心）of our relationship off the screen. We shared the bel ief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back—he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps fo r kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didn’t see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together. We supported each other financially and by showing up at events. I last saw him a few months ago. He’d been in and out of the hospital. He and I both knew what the deal was, and we didn’t talk about it. Ours was a relationship that didn’t need a lot of words. 24.Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to author at first? A. Paul Newman wanted it. B. The studio powers didn’t like his agent. C. He wasn’t famous enough. D. The director recommended someone else. 25.Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship? A. They were of the same age. B. They worked in the same theater. C. They were both good actors. D. They have similar characteristics. 26.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Their belief. B. Their care for children. C. Their success. D. Their support for each other. 27.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To show his love of films. B. To remember a friend. C. To introduce a new movie. D. To share his acting experience. C Terrafugia Inc. said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year. The vehicle —named the Transition – has two seats, four wheels and wings that fold up so it can be driven like a car. The Transition, which flew at 1,400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the air. It flies using a 23-gallon tank of gas and burns 5 gallons per hour in the air. On the ground, it gets 35 miles per gallon. Around 100 people have already put down a $10,000 deposit to get a Transition when they go on sale, and those numbers will likely rise after Terrafugia introduces the Transition to the public later this week at the New York Auto Show. But don’t expect it to show up in too many driveways. It’s expected to cost $279,000. And it won’t help if you’re stuck in traffic. The car needs a runway. Inventors have been trying to make flying cars since the 1930s, according to Robert Mann, an airline industry expert. But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come closer than anyone to making the flying car a reality. The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly. The Transition is now going through crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards. Mann said Terraf ugia was helped by the Federal Aviation Administration’s decision five years ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraft, which are lower than those for pilots of larger planes. Terrafugia says an owner would need to pass a test and complete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition, a requirement