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2018北航英语翻硕真题答案、复试流程

2018北航英语翻硕真题答案、复试流程
2018北航英语翻硕真题答案、复试流程

北航翻硕真题及答案、题型介绍、录取人数北京航空航天大学2014年翻译硕士MTI真题及答案

将下列术语翻译成中文。

appeal-focused text

class shift

commission

transeme

restricted translation

low countries group

minimax principle

translation universals

verbal consistence

concordance

calque

controlled language

prototype

modification

convert translation

(查看完整版请联系育明教育马老师扣扣三零二夭扒夭扒伍扒玖)

学费/学制

北航翻硕笔译2015-2017录取分数线、招生人数

根据此表可以看出,北航每年招生统考人数不断递减,推免人数不断增加,非全日制(在职研究生)扩招,2017年非全日制招收计划数150人,所以在以后的考研选择问题上非全日制也是一个大的突破口,而且各个高校都在不断地增加非全日制科目,日后非全日制必定是一大趋势!

复习参考书

汉语写作与百科

《实用汉语语法与修辞》,杨月蓉,西南师范大学出版社1999

《中国文化读本》,叶朗,北京外语教学与研究出版社2008

《自然科学史十二讲》,卢晓江,北京中国轻工业出版社2007

《中国文学与中国文化知识应试指南》,林青松,东南大学出版社2005年版

《公文写作》,白延庆,对外经贸大学出版社2004年4月

《百科知识考点精编与真题解析》,光明日版出版社2013年版

翻译硕士英语

《英语专业考研基础英语高分突破》,吴中东,世界图书出版社

《英语专业考研名校全真试卷——基础英语(全新精华版)》,张光明,

《名校全真试卷(基础英语)》,郭棲庆

《英语笔译综合能力2级》,外文出版社

英语翻译基础

《当代西方翻译理论探索》,廖七一

《翻译学词典》,中英两版,Mark&Moira原著,谭载喜译著

《西方翻译理论流派研究》,李文革

《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》,叶子南,清华大学出版社

《英汉翻译教程(修订本)》,张培基

复试分数线

拟招生名额

复试形式和内容

复试形式为面试,主要考察外语口语能力及相关专业知识结构,具体分为三部分:

(一)外文自我介绍、思想政治及道德品质考核,此部分满分100分;思想政治及道德品质考核不计入总分,但作为面试重要参考依据,不合格者不予录取;

(二)外文短文现场阅读、翻译及就短文相关内容回答问题,此部分满分100分;

(三)相关专业知识和专业实践问答,此部分满分100分。

每生面试时间20分钟,复试总成绩为三部分分数之和,满分300分。

录取办法

1. 复试成绩与初试成绩相加,得出考生总成绩,根据各专业、各学习方式招生名额从高

分到低分顺序拟录取;

2. 思想政治考核不合格,或者复试成绩不合格(即得分低于180分者),或者任一部分

复试成绩不合格(即任一部分得分低于60分者),不予拟录取;

3. 复试结果于3月25日在学院公告栏公示,无异议后上报学校研究生院。

资格审查

签到时进行考生资格审查,考生必须提交的全部材料如下:

1. 复试通知书(可从北航研究生招生信息网站上下载,无须盖研招办公章)

2. 本人有效居民身份证(应届本科毕业生和成人应届本科毕业生还需持本人学生证)原件

及一份身份证件正反面的复印件,复印件纸型为A4,身份证件正反面需复印在同一页面上。

3. 应届生需携带所在学校教务部门提供并加盖公章的在校历年学习成绩表(毕业证书需于

开学报到时向学院提供原件与复印件)。

4. 往届生需携带以下各类材料:a. 学历证书(即毕业证书)原件及一份复印件;b. 由

档案所在工作单位人事部门提供的在校历年学习成绩表复印件,并需加盖档案所在工作单

位人事部门公章;若无工作单位,需由档案存放管理部门提供档案内存放的在校历年学习

成绩表的复印件,并需加盖档案存放管理部门公章。

5. 专四证书原件及复印件(如无专四证书,可提供六级证书及复印件)

6. 由二级甲等以上(含二级甲等)医疗机构或北航校医院出具的复试前一个月内的体格检

查表(具体样式见附件一,体检内容不得少于所列项目),注意需随体格检查表附各种检

查的化验单。体检不合格者不予录取。

注意:以上材料1-5的复印件按顺序左侧装订,6体检报告单独提交,不用和其它资格审查的资料订在一起。

复试费

根据《北京市发展和改革委员会北京市财政局关于部分高等教育招生考试收费标准的函》(京发改[2012]1358号),需交纳复试费100元。

育明教育马老师解析

对于翻译硕士专业,大家最关心一点就是今后就业的方向问题,翻译硕士的就业方向不仅广泛而且专业性质都很明确,可选择的余地很多,现在国内紧缺的专业翻译人才五大方向为会议口译(广泛应用于外交外事、会晤谈判、商务活动、新闻传媒、培训授课、电视广播、国际仲裁等领域),法庭口译(目前国内这一领域的高级口译人才几乎是空白),商务口译,联络陪同口译(企业、政府机构都有大量的外事接待事务,联络陪同口译的任务就是在接待、旅游等事务中担任口译工作),文书翻译(企业、出版社、翻译公司等机构都需要具备专业素养的文本翻译人才,这一领域的人才缺口更大)。除了上述几类行业之外,如果翻译硕士毕业生能够积累丰富的口笔译经验,有自己的客户群体,那么,做自由职业翻译也是一种选择。

当前,国内专业翻译人员较少,而且小语种众多,一般来讲每人可精通仅一两种。加之各个行业专业术语繁多,造成能够胜任中译外的高质量工作人才明显不足。所以翻译硕士可以说是当前较为稳定的热门专业之一。北航硕士的含金量很大,现在经济贸易的国际化程度越来越高,对翻译的需求也是很大的,这种专业性人才是非常有市场的,只要能力够就业很轻松,工资也很高。

北航翻译硕士一直以来是比较热门的考研专业之一,2017年北航翻译硕士招生人数为45人,含17人推免,总体来说,北航翻译硕士招生量大,非全日制招生150人,考试难度也不算太高。每年都有大量二本三本的学生考取,根据育明教育从北航研究生院内部的统计数据得知,北航翻译硕士的考生中94%是跨专业考生,在录取的学生中,基本都是跨专业考的。

在考研复试的时候,老师更看重跨专业学生的能力,而不是本科背景。其次,翻译硕士考试科目里,百科,翻译及基础本身知识点难度并不大,跨专业的学生完全能够学得懂。即使本科学翻译的同学,专业课也不见得比你强多少(大学学的内容本身就非常浅)。所以记住重要的不是你之前学得如何,而是从决定考研起就要抓紧时间完成自己的计划,下定决心,就全身心投入,要相信付出总会有回报。在育明教育的专业课一对一辅导班中,都考的不错,主要是看你努力与否。

育明教育马老师复习方法建议

翻译硕士是要经过一点点平时积累,积少成多才能取得成效的一个科目。当然,必要的学习方法、学习规划也是必不可少的。育明教育考研辅导老师们经过多年的辅导经验,根据这一科目的特点为考生们制定了基础阶段复习的学习目标、学习任务、详细计划以及需要注意的问题。

严格来说所谓的基础阶段要划分为两种,因为考生存在本专业考研以及跨专业考研,因此为了考

生能更明确自己的定位,进行有目标的学习,我们把基础阶段划分为零基础阶段以及基础阶段两个子阶段。

英语翻译基础

因此育明教育老师会在复习阶段让考生多做真题,认真做好笔记。真题可以解决考研翻译中的单词问题、句子结构问题、翻译考点问题;笔记可以将参考书由厚变薄,加快复习进度。下面强调一下翻译真题的使用方法:

(1)模拟考试,写出译文

在这方面,育明教育老师会让学生多多练习翻译实践。之所以要“写出译文”,是因为我们是在“做”翻译,不是“看”翻译。很多学习英语的人都有这样的经验:明明自己把句子看懂了,也大概理解英语原文,可是就是表达不出来,经常是“只可意会,不可言传”。问题就在于翻译实践的练习不够,“做”得不够。

(2)精雕细琢,自我提高

育明老师会对学生翻译过来的译文进行指导,学生也可以从中学习到如何把文章翻译的更通顺。首先,要完全理解原文,对原文中不懂的单词,需要翻翻词典,如果这个单词是大纲单词,但是你没有掌握的话,就需要把这个单词记录下来,以备后面自己作为基础来掌握。第二,对原文句子逻辑和语法结构,需要完全把握。要记住翻译的原则:让句子更通顺,切不要改变原文的意义。

(3)比对答案,查找问题

育明老师总结了一下翻译中的关键问题,基本上就是以下三个:

1、单词的意思没有掌握,英语原文的词组没有掌握;

2、对原文的逻辑结构和语法结构把握错了,弄错了修饰关系;

3、汉语意思表达的时候不太符合汉语语言习惯。

翻译硕士英语

想必大家头疼的不是阅读,也不是写作,而是前面的单项选择,也就是语法题,不过还好,北航的语法题总体还不算难,一些语法题考的会比较偏,但是句法部分完全没有难度。至于复习,前期育明老师会让同学拿专四的语法题打打基础,在语法题里积累单词,尤其是词义辨析,一定要搞清楚每个词或者短语的意思,一些所谓的固定搭配和习惯用法,还有一些跟西方文化沾边的一定要牢牢掌握。至于阅读,育明老师会用专八的阅读作为练习题,北航综英的阅读难度基本与专八持平。育明老师会要求同学多练习写作部分,一般是探讨一些关于翻译方面的话题,大多是翻译的现状、翻译的类型、翻译的方法等。育明马老师提醒同学们,作文最重要的是结构,当然对于北航的作文,内容也很重要,题目都是给好的,一定要切题,别写跑了。再有就是一定要用高级词汇和高级短语,但不一定要用复杂句。

汉语百科知识与写作

百科与写作注重平时积累,北航的百科,要求同学们一定有关于中国古典文学知识的积累,至少名家名篇要有印象,就这方面,育明老师会给同学们准备好基础的知识点,以方便同学们参考。只要有一定的阅读能力和理解能力,关于这些自然科学的题目,完全可以从题干里面读出答案。再有就是一些比较时髦的题目,与日常生活息息相关的题目,这些就要靠同学们去积累,上网看时政,看新闻,掌握最基本的常看到的术语。

考研复习一定要有吃苦的勇气和准备。要几个月如一日地看书是一件十分辛苦的事,很容易迷茫、懈怠和没有信心,这时候一定要坚持,要和别人做做交流。同时,育明老师提醒考生们在注意心理调整的同时也要注意劳逸结合,只有合理的高效率的学习才能达到理想的记忆效果。

如何调节考研的心态

稳定的心态:其实我觉得只要做到全力以赴,然后中间不徘徊、不彷徨,认定目标,心态基本上都是稳定的,成功的学生,除了刚开始纠结于考不考得上这个问题紧张心绪不稳定之外,后来都挺稳定的,至少从表面上看上去是这样的,或许内心深处还是不太稳定的,而且偶尔还是会出现抓狂的情况,不过很快就好了。还有就是建议大家不要逢人就说自己要考北航,感觉自己考北航挺牛逼,其实,你要想清楚,考哪里不牛逼,考上哪里才牛逼,你考上后再告诉别人才显得你牛逼。因为总有些人会

很善意地规劝你要实际点,不要太不自量力,尤其是你的最好最亲的朋友,而这对你的考研的心态有很严重的影响,到初试结束,都没几个人知道我考北航。

效率与时间:要记住效率第一,时间第二,就是说在保证效率的前提下再去延长复习的时间,不要每天十几个小时,基本都是瞌睡昏昏地过去的,那还不如几小时高效率的复习,大家看高效的学生,每天都是六点半醒,其实这到后面已经是一种习惯,都不给自己设置闹铃,自然醒,不过也不是每天都能这么早醒来,一周两周都会出现一次那种睡到八九点的情况,我想这是身体的需要的,所以从来也不刻意强制自己每天都准时起来,这是我的想法,还有就是当你坐在桌前感觉学不动的时候,出去听听歌或者看看新闻啥的放松放松。

坚定的意志:考研是个没有硝烟的持久战,在这场战争中,你要时刻警醒,不然随时都会有倒下的可能。而且,它不像高考那样,每天都有老师催着,每个月都会有模拟考试检验着。所以你不知道自己究竟是在前进还是在退步、自己的综合水平是在提高还是下降。而且,和你一起的研友基本都没有跟你考同一个学校同一个专业的,你也不知道你的对手是什么水平。很长一段时间,都感觉不到自己的进步。可能你某年的真题做了130多分,然后你觉得自己的水平很高了,但你要知道,也有很多人做了135多分,甚至140,所以这是考研期间很大的一个障碍。而且,应该在自己的手机音乐播放器里存一些特别励志的歌曲,休息期间可以听听,让自己疲惫下来的心理瞬间又满血复活。在育明,不断有测试,有排名,你就知道自己处于什么位置,找到差距,就能充足能量继续复习。

最后,无论以何种方法复习,考生都要全身心投入,这样才能取得好成绩。相信广大考生对于北航翻译硕士都有自己的理解,也希望以上内容能够给考生带来帮助。育明教育祝大家考研顺利!

百科知识真题解析

11.改革开放以来,特别是 1998 年以来,大量的农村剩余劳动力涌向东南沿海、北京等经济发达地区。据估计,其人数已达 8000 万之多。造成这样大规模的“民

工潮”的最不可能的原因是()。

A.农民到城市打工享受到与城里人一样的待遇

B.民工流出地区的地方政府鼓励农民外出打工

C.农民在家种田收人太低,又没有其他能多挣钱的就业机会

D.经济发达地区需要大量能吃苦耐劳的劳动力【解析】A 项,由于我国现存的户籍制度,农民到城市打工无法享受和城里人一样的待遇。

12. 粗放型的经济增长主要依靠()。

A.增加资金和资源的投人量

B.科技进步和提高劳动者素质

C.提高生产要索的质量和使用效率

D.结构优化,合理布局生产力【.解析】集约型经济增长方式是指依靠生产要素的科学合理配置、科技进步和

提高劳动者素质,通过提高生产效率而实现的经济增长^磁放型经济增长方式是指主要依靠生产要素即资源数量的扩张而实现的经济增长,其表现是高投人、高消耗、低产出、低效率。

M. 在市场经济条件下,资源配置的主体是( ) A.市场 B.计划 C.企

业 D.政府

【解析】政府要从社会资源的分配者变为监管者,远离直接配置资源,不要成为资源配置的主体;企业是市场的主体,但不是资源配置的主体;市场经济条件下,市场对资源配置起基础性作用。

14.利率是一国政府调控宏观经济的重要杠杆。变动利率对经济影响的一般规律是()

A.提卨利率,储蓄减少

B.降低利率,投资会减少

C.提高利率,会抑制通货膨胀

D.降低利率,消费会减少【解析】国家通过利率可以调控国民储蓄,影响消费,还可以通过利率影响投资、

控制通货膨胀。提高利率,储蓄会增加,投资和消费减少,有利于抑制通货膨胀;而降低利率,储蓄则会减少,投资和消费会增加,减缓通货紧缩。

15.世贸组织规则,要求所有成员对来自某一成员的产品所给予的利益、优待、特权和豁免,应当无条件地给予来自其他所有成员的相同产品。这一原则被称为()。

A.最惠国待遇原则

B.国民待遇原则

C.互惠原则

D.贸易政策透明度原则【解析】A 项,“最惠国待遇”,是国际经济贸易关系中常用的一项制度,又称

“无歧视待遇”,指的是缔约国双方在通商、关税、航海、公民法律地位等方面相互给予的不低于现时或将来给予任何第三国的优惠、特权或豁免待遇;B

项,“国民待遇”是最惠国待遇的有效补充,在实现所有世贸组织成员平等待遇的基础上,各成员的商品或服务进人另一成员领土后,也应该享受与该国的商品或服务相同的待遇;C 项,世界贸易组织的互惠原则是指两国互相给予对方以贸易上的优惠待遇;D 项,贸易政策透明度原则要求成员国保持其法律、法规制定及实施的透明度。

16.据工商部门不完全统计,目前我国每年订立的合同约 40 亿份,但履约率只有

50%多一点。这反映出我国市场交易中存在的突出问题是()。

A.价格问题

B.决策问题

C.信用问题

D.资金问题【解析】现代市场经济中的大部分交易都是以信用为中介,信用是现代市场交易

的一个必备的要素,甚至可以说是现代市场经济的生命。但是根据统计,合同履约率相对较低,表明市场经济中合同双方诚信度不髙,信用问题严重。

17.作为一个协调世界经贸关系的国际性组织,WTO 直接面对各国和各地区的政府而不单纯是企业,WTO 的主要协议中绝大多数是以约束政府为要旨的。由此分析,下列表述正确的是()。

A.个人有权因国内法院判决不公直接向世贸组织争端机构提出裁决请求

B.法人有权因国内法院判决不公直接向世贸组织争端机构提出裁决请求

C.世贸组织争端机构有权直接对国内司法机关的裁判作出审査

D.世贸组织争端机构有权对国内立法和政策进行审查【解析】WTO 争端解决程序与国内法院判决的关系如下:①世贸组织争端解决机

构只对国内立法和政策进行审査,看国内的立法和政策是否和世贸组织的有关规则一致;②个人或法人无权因国内法院判决不公而直接向世贸组织争端解决

机构提出裁决请求,世贸组织争端解决机构也无权直接对国内司法机构的裁决作出审査;③在争端解决过程中,国内司法机关的判决也将成为审査国内立法和政策的事实依据。因此只有 D 项正确。

18.1947 年,为了帮助欧洲经济复兴,与前苏联抗衡,美国提出了()。

A.艾森豪威尔计划

B.马歇尔计划

C.巴巴罗莎计划

D.杜鲁门计划

【解析】二战后,欧洲经济遭受重创,美国为了与前苏联抗衡,向欧洲提供了大量援助以帮助欧洲经济复兴,这项计划被称作“马歇尔计划”,它由美国国务卿马歇尔在哈佛大学发表演说时提出。马歇尔呼吁欧洲国家主动采取措施,共同制定一项经济复兴计划,美国则用其生产过剩的物资对这些欧洲国家提供援助。

19.与私人产品相比,公共产品的核心特征是()。

A.强制性

B.无偿性

C.排他性

D.非排他性【解析】私人产品顾名思义是属于私人所有,具有排他性,与此相对,公共产品

是一定范围内的成员所共有的产品,则其核心特征必然是非排他性,否则就不称其为公共产品。但公共产品不一定是无偿的或强制的,也有很多公共产品是自愿有偿取得的。

20.作为调节社会经济运行的一种重要经济杠杆,提髙税率通常将()。

A.减少政府的财政收人

B.抑制投资,有利于防止经济过热

C.剌激消费 .

D.提高税收管理的效率【解析】B 项,提高税率,人们如果投资就意味着要上交更多的税,利润就会降

低,所以会抑制投资,防止经济过热;C 项,提高税率使得居民可支配收人减少,从而缩减消费支出。

21.关于中国改革开放 30 多年的成就的描述,下列符合实际的是()。

A.人均 GDP 已接近中等发达国家水平

B.国内生产总值年均增长速度接近 10%

C.已成为世界贸易第一大国 D?主要污染物排放总最逐年减少【解析】A 项,我国的城镇人口人均 GDP 已接近中等发达国家水平,但农村居民

消费结构还相当于低收人国家的水平;C 项,中国的贸易虽然增速很快,但目前还不是世界贸易第—大国,第贸易大国是美国;D 项,目前我国关于环境污

染治理的政策是主要污染物排放总量先得到控制,然后逐年减少。

22.美国次贷危机中的“次”是指()。

A.贷款人的第二次贷款 B?贷款人的收人较低,信用等级较低

C.贷款机构的实力和规模较小

D.贷款机构的信用等级较低【解析 I 次贷危机又称次级房贷危机,是指一场发生在美国,因次级抵押贷款机

构破产、投资基金被迫关闭、股市剧烈震荡引起的风暴。“次”是指那些贷款人没多少收人或个人信用较低。比如次级按揭贷款是国外住房按揭的一种类型,贷给没多少收人或个人信用记录较低的人。

23.随着综合国力的提升,我国在国际社会中的作用与影啤越来越突出,下列说法正确的是()。

A.我国的出 CI 贸易额在“金砖四国”中位居第二

B.我国 H 前是二十国集闭中惟一的亚洲发展中国家

C.我国在呀本哈根气候峰会上提出了单位 GDP 碳减排的量化目标

D.我国已与周边所有邻国建立正式的外交关系【解析丨 C 项,哥本哈根会议中,中国承诺到 2020 年将每一经济增长单位所排

放的碳量,以 2005 年水平为标准,降低最多 45%。A 项,我国的出口贸易额在

“金砖四国”中位列第-- (金砖四国是指巴西、俄罗斯、印度和中国);B 项,二十国集团中的亚洲发展中国家除了?中国还有印度、沙特阿拉伯和印度尼西亚等;D 项,在我国的邻国中,我国还没有与不丹建立正式的外交关系。

24.汇率变动会对一国对外经济活动产生影响,假如某国货币升值,则下列表述不正确的是()。

A.不利于出口贸易

B.有利于公民出境旅游

C.会导致热钱流人

D.有利于消除贸易逆差【解析】D 项,货币升值有利于进口,不利于出口,所以会促进贸易逆差增长,

而不是消除贸易逆差。A 项,货币升值会导致国内生产成本增高,阻碍出口; B

项,货币升值会使同额度闰内货币可兑换更多外国货币,增强货币的购买力,W

此有利于出境旅游;C 项,货币升值会使得投机资本对该货币投资增加,因此会有热钱流人。

6. 在处理实际问題时,往往不能“一刀切”的主要原因是()。

A.事物矛盾之间存在有机联系

B.事物矛盾具有特殊性

C.事物矛盾具有共同庳

D.事物矛盾具有普遍性【解析】“一刀切”的意思是采用相同方法应对不同的问题,但因事物存在特殊性,导致“一刀切”的思想不恰实际。

7. “不以物喜,不以己悲”告诉我们()。

①不能因为自己的成功或失败而或喜或悲

②不能因为环境的好坏和自己的得失而或喜或悲

③不能因为自己的物质条件好坏而或喜或悲

④不能因为自己强于或不如别人而或喜或悲【解析】“不以物喜,不以己悲”的关键是“物”和“己”两个字,“物”是指

环境的好坏,“己”则是指自己的得失,这句话的正确含义是不能因为环境的好坏和自己的得失而或喜或悲。

8. 在马斯洛的五个需求层次理论中,最高需求层次为()。

A?爱和归属的需要 B.受人尊重需要

C.安全需要

D.自我实现需要

【解析】马斯洛理论把需求由较低层次到较高层次依次分成生理需要、安全需要、社交需要、受人尊重需要和自我实现需要五类,自我实现需要是最高需求层次。

9.揭示公共部门管理人员具有“相互制造工作”特性,从而导致管理机构不断自我膨胀规律的法则是()。

A.寡头政治铁律

B. “跳板”法则

C.彼得原稞 D?帕金森定律

【解析】帕金森定律指出个不称职的官员,可能有三条出路,第一是申请退职,把位子让给能干的人;第二是让一位能干的人来协助自己工作;第三是任用两个水平比自己更低的人当助手。这第一条路是走不得的,因为那样会丧失许多权利;第二条路也不能走,因为那个能千的人会成为自己的对手;只有第三条路最适宜,两个平庸的助手分担了他的工作,他自己则高高在上发号施令,他们不会对自己的权利构成威胁。两个助手既然无能,他们就上行下效,再为自己找两个更加无能的助手。如此类推,就形成了一个机构臃肿、人浮于事、效率低下的领导体系。A 项,寡头政治铁律指出任何现代组织都将趋于集权化、官僚化、寡头化,最后为少数大众的“公^卜”所控制;B 项,“跳板”法则由管理大师法约尔提出,在不同部门之间接触时,可以搭一块跳板,或者造一座桥,不同部门之间的集成单位和集成职位,可以通过直接交流进行沟通;C 项,彼得原理是指在一个等级制度中,每个人总有可能晋升到他所不能胜任的职位。有工作成绩的人将被提升到高一级的职位,如果他们继续胜任,将进一步提升,直至到达他们所不能胜任的位置。所以,组织的悲剧在于,每个职位最终将被不胜任的人所占有;而组织的工作任务,多半是由尚未达到不胜任职位的人来完成的。

10. 最为一般性公文的结构层次叙述,正确的是()。

A. 一、1.①

B. —、(一)1. (1)

C.(一 )(1)①

D.—、(一)1.①

【解析】《行政公文处理办法》第二十五条规定,一般性公文结构层次序数,第一层为“一、”,第二层为“(一 r,第三层为“1.”,第四层为“(丨)”。 11. 根据现代统计学的研究成果,"关键的事情总是少数,一般的事情常常是多数。”这

意味着管理工作最应该重视()。

A.灵活、及时、适度

B.客观、精确、具体

C.突出重点,强调例外

D.协调计划和组织工作【解析】题干强调管理工作要兼顾“关键的事情”与“一般的事情”,做好不同事情之间的协调计划和组织工作。

12.组织的领导者应该学会“弹钢琴”,这种说法指的是()。

A.领导者要全面地看问题B?领导者要集中精力于领导和决策工作

C.领导者应该是懂行的专家

D.领导者应该具有开放型的性格【解析】毛泽东同志早在 1949 年 3 月 13 H<党委会的工作方法》中就指出,领

导干部要学会“5 单钢琴”:“要十个指头都动作,不能有的动,有的不动。但是,十个指头同时都按下去,那也不成调子'这个形象比喻意示着领导者要具有统筹协调能力,既要兼顾全局,又要分清轻重缓急,只有这样才能在繁杂的事务中从容应对、指挥自若,弹出美妙的工作乐章。

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2015同等学力申硕英语真题及参考答案(1)

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