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籼稻谷新鲜度与脂肪酸值的相关性研究

2018,No.8

收稿日期:2018‐05‐23;修回日期:2018‐07‐16作者简介:黄 冬(1988‐),男,助理工程师,从事粮油质量安全检测工作。doi:10.7633/j .issn .1003‐6202.2018.08.002

籼稻谷新鲜度与脂肪酸值的相关性研究

黄 冬,黄晓赞,滕显发

(广西壮族自治区粮油质量检验站,广西南宁 530031)

摘 要:测定稻谷的脂肪酸值,是判定其是否可储存的重要指标,也可初步判断其新鲜程度,但脂肪酸值检测操作繁锁,对仪器、场地、人员、试验过程要求高,成本高,时间长,不利于基层快速筛查,现通过试验研究了籼稻谷新鲜度与脂肪酸值的相关性。结果表明,新鲜度分值越高,其脂肪酸值越低,当籼稻谷的新鲜度分值在60分以上,可以初步判定该稻谷宜于储存;当籼稻谷的新鲜度分值小于50分,初步判定其不宜储存。这是一种粮食储存的快速筛查方法,也是加工企业鉴定稻谷新鲜程度的便捷手段。

关键词:籼稻谷;新鲜度;脂肪酸值;宜存;轻度不宜存;重度不宜存;筛查

中图分类号:TS 212.2 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1003-6202(2018)08-0003-04Correlationbetweenfreshnessofindicariceandfattyacidvalue

HUANG Dong ,HUANG Xiao ‐zan ,T ENG Xian ‐fa

(Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Grain and Oil Quality Inspection Station ,Nanning 530031,China )

ABSTRACT:The fatty acid value of paddy is an important indicator to determine w hether it can be stored or not ,and it can also be used to preliminarily judge its freshness .However ,the fatty acid value operation is complex and requires more equipment ,site ,p ersonnel and experimental process ,w hich is costly and takes a long time ,and it is not conducive for rapid screening at the basic level .The correlation between freshness of indica rice and fatty acid value were studied through experimental verifica ‐tion .The results showed that :the higher the freshness value of paddy was ,the lower its fatty acid value ,and w hen the fresh ‐ness value of paddy was above 60p oints ,we could preliminarily judge that the paddy was suitable for storage .If the freshness value of paddy was less than 50p oints ,we could preliminary judge that the paddy was unsuitable for storage .The rapid screen ‐

ing method for grain storage was good for paddy processing enterprises to judge the freshness of paddy .

KEYWORDS:freshness ;fatty acid value ;suitability for storage ;mildly unsuitable for storage ;very unsuitable for storage ;screening

国家出于战略与平抑市场物价考虑,每年会储

存一定量的稻谷,稻谷在合理的储存条件下储存一定年限,其储存品质会发生变化。GB /T 20569—

2006《稻谷储存判定规则》[1]

标准中将稻谷的储粮分为宜存、轻度不宜存、重度不宜存三种状态。宜存是表明当前稻谷还可继续储存;轻度不宜存是提示管理者尽快安排出库销售;重度不宜存是表明储存品质已经严重下降,要立即安排出库。所以准确、快速地判定稻谷是否适宜储存,是否要出库销售很重要。

在GB /T 20569—2006标准中判定稻谷储存的状态是依据色泽、气味、品尝评分值、脂肪酸值来定,当脂肪酸值小于等于30mg /100g (干基),该稻谷适合储存;当脂肪酸值在30~37mg /100g (干基),表明该稻谷轻度不宜存,要安排出库销售;当脂肪酸值大于37mg /100g (干基),表明该稻谷严重不宜存,要立即安排出库销售。由此可见,快速准确地测

定稻谷的脂肪酸值非常必要。

稻谷的脂肪酸值表示其所含游离脂肪酸的多少。当年收获的新鲜稻谷的脂肪酸值一般在20mg /100g (干基)以下。在合理的储存条件下,随着稻谷储存年限增长,其脂肪酸值呈上升趋势,所以,稻谷是否新鲜,与其游离脂肪酸的含量存在一定的关系。

稻谷的新鲜程度用新鲜度表示,新鲜度分值越

高,表明稻谷越新鲜。在LS /T 6118‐2017[2]

《粮油检验稻谷新鲜度测定与判别标准》中,提到新收获的稻谷新鲜度分值很高,一般在85分以上稻谷的新鲜度对生产出来的大米的食味评分影响很大,而食味评分是鉴定好粮油的评级指标。

无论是稻谷是否宜存,还是用其加工后的大米,其脂肪酸值都很重要。但脂肪酸值测定过程很繁锁,从稻谷制成糙米,再经过粉碎、提取、过滤、定容、

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