7下Unit8语法知识讲解和练习
形容词的用法和不定代词的用法讲解和练习
第一部分形容词的基本用法
一、形容词的定义：形容词是用来修饰名词或代词的，在句中可用作定语、表语和宾语补足语等。
二、形容词的用法：
⑴用作前置定语，即放在名词前修饰该名词。例如：
China is a great country with a long history. 中国是一个历史悠久的国家。
⑵用作后置定语。形容词修饰不定代词或形容词短语修饰名词时，需要后置。例如：
He has something important to tell you.他有重要的事告诉你。
She is a girl good at singing. 她是一位擅长唱歌的女孩。
⑶用作表语。例如：
It was rainy yesterday, but today it is sunny. 昨天下雨，今天天晴。
Your mother seems angry. 你母亲看上去生气了。
The milk in the glass has gone bad. 玻璃杯里的牛奶发臭了。
The leaves turn yellow in autumn. 树叶在秋天变黄。
注意：
有一些形容词在句中只能用作表语，我们称之为“表语形容词”。初中英语中常见的表语形容词有：afraid, alive, alone, asleep, glad, ill (生病的), ready, sorry, sure, unable, well (健康的)等。例如：
I’m sorry not to have been ready for the party.很抱歉，晚会我还没有准备好。
The children were asleep just now, but now t hey’re awake.孩子们刚才在睡觉，现在醒了。
They were unable to help us. 他们没法帮助我们。
⑷用作宾语补足语。例如：
The news made her happy. 那个消息使她很开心。
Who left the door open? 是谁没把门关上？
三、名词化的形容词：
“the＋形容词”具有名词的功能，泛指一类人或抽象事物。用作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。可以这样用的形容词有：blind, dead, old, poor, rich, young等。例如：
The young are the hope of the country. 年轻人是国家的希望。
The rich are not always happy. 有钱人并不总是快乐。
第二部分不定代词的用法
不定代词用来代替或修饰任何不定数量和不定范围的人和事物。不定代词可代替名词或形容词，在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。下面举例说明：
①some和any
some(一些)、any(一些、任何)修饰可数名词和不可数名词。some用在肯定句中，any多用于疑问句和否定句中。
例如：There are some books in the desk．
There are not any books in the desk．
Have you any money?
注意：some可用于表示邀请、请求的疑问句或用于说话者希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中，any有时也用于肯定句，表示“任何的”“任何一个”“任何一些”等。
例如：—Would you like some tea? （希望对方肯定回答）
—Yes, thank you.
—Could I ask you some questions? （希望对方肯定回答）
—Of course, you can.
You can ask me any questions.（任何问题）
②little、a little、few、a few
little、a little修饰不可数名词，few、a few修饰可数名词；a little、a few表示肯定的概念，即：尽管少但“有”；few、little表示否定的概念，表示“没有”。
例如：There is little water in the river. You can walk across it.
There is a little water in the river. You have to swim across it.
He has few friends, so he often feels lonely.
I have a few friends in America．I often write to them.
③each、every、everybody、everyone、everything。
each相当于名词和形容词，用作定语或单独使用作主语、宾语、定语、同位语等。every不可单独使用，它必须放在名词等前，只能作定语。
each与every的区别：
1)each侧重于单个，every侧重于全体、整体。
2)each用于二者或二者以上，every用于三者或三者以上。
everybody与everyone相同，意思是“每人、人人”。
everything意思是“一切”“每件事”。
例如：Two boys came into the classroom．Each wore a red coat.
Every student has a new book．
Everybody knows this thing．(don’t they?)
Everything goes well．(doesn’t it?)
(把上面两个句子改为反意疑问句，注意用什么代词代替everybody, everything)
④both、either、neither
both、either、neither都与“两个”有关。
both “(两者)都---”"全”，指两个人或事物，可作主语、宾语、定语。
例如：Both books are good．
There are a lot of trees on both sides of the road.
either (两个中间的)任何一个，这个或那个”，可作主、宾、定语。
例如：There are two books. You may take either of them．
—Would you like a cup of tea or coffee? —Either is OK.
neither “(两者之间) 一个也不---”，neither是either的否定形式，可作主语、宾语、定语。
例如：Neither of them knows Japanese．
Either Li or Wang knows English．
⑤none、no、nobody、no one、nothing
none、no、nobody、no one、nothing都与“无”有关。
none用于指人或物，可与of短语连用，用作单数或复数，而且常用于习语中。
nothing“没有东西；没有什么(=not anything)”，若作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
例如：—Is there nothing in the box?
—No. It's empty．
一How many elephants did you see there?
—None．
—What did you see in the zoo yesterday?
—Nothing.
注意：以上两句中的答句None, Nothing不可相互替代。
no表示“没有(任何的)---”，等于not any--- 或not a(an)---。
例如：He has no money．（= He has not any money.）
We have no lessons on Sundays. (= We have not any lessons on Sundays.)
She has no brother. (= She has not a brother.)
nobody或no one后不可接of短语来表示“某些人当中”；
⑥a11
a11作形容词且与名词连用时，名词前需加the或one's，即：all the(one’s) + 名词。
例如：I will teach English all my life．
All the people are here．
当all代替可数名词作句子主语时，谓语动词用复数；当all代替不可数名词作句子主语时，谓语动词用单数。
例：All are here．L et’s begin our meeting. (all代替所有参加会议的人)
All is well that ends well.（all代替所有事情）
⑦other、the other、others 、the others、another
the other指两者中的另外一个。
例：He has two pens，one is blue，the other is yellow．
other + 复数名词= others相同，泛指其他的人或物。
例：Some students are carrying water，others(other students) are watering the trees．
the other + 复数名词= the others ，特指一定范围内的其他人或物。
例：There are fifty students in Miss Gao’s class, twenty students are bo ys, the others are girls．the other + 数词，指剩余的数目。
例：He bought three pencils，one is for me，the other two are for him．
another + 单数名词或another + 数词+复数名词。表示在原来基础上再来一个或一些。
例：I don't like the color of this bag. May I have a look at another one．
May I have another three books?
形容词用法练习
选择填空：
( )1.The story sounds ______.
A. to be true
B. as true
C. being true
D. true
( )2.These oranges taste ______.
A. good
B. well
C. to be good
D. to be well
( )3.— Mum, I think I’ m ______ to go to school.
—Not really, my dear. You’d better stay at home for another day or two.
A. so well
B. so good
C. well enough
D. good enough
( )4.— Lucy, do you have a ruler?
—Yes, I do. But it’s ______.
A. very small one
B. an only small ruler
C. quite small ruler
D. only a small one ( )5.______ food you have cooked!
A. How a nice
B. What a nice
C. How nice
D. What nice
( )6.They all looked ______ at the master and felt quite ______.
A. sad, sad
B. sadly, sad
C. sad, sadly
D. sadly, sadly
( )7.He’d like to sleep with the window ______ at night.
A. open wide
B. open widely C wide open D. opened wide
( )8.The little boy looks ______.
A. lovely
B. carefully
C. heavily
D. sadly
( )9.What ______ news!
A. an exciting
B. exciting
C. an excited
D. excited
( )10.His child broke the new glass, but he doesn’t get ______.
A. angrily
B. angry
C. well
D. good
( )11.This kind of cake looks ______ and smells ______.
A. good, good
B. good, well
C. well, well
D. well, good
( )12.There’s ______ with your mother. Don’t worry.
A. something serious
B. anything serious
C. nothing serious
D. serious nothing ( )13.The teacher found him ___ boy.
A. clever
B. was a clever
C. a clever
D. is a clever ( )14.We find it __ to do some reading every day.
A. easily B be enjoyable C. helpful D. interested ( )15.The boy wasn’t ______ at English, but now he does ______ in it.
A. good, good
B. well, better
C. better, well
D. good, better 1—5DACDD 6—10BCABB 11—15ACCCD
不定代词的用法练习
1、不定代词other, the other, something, someone等练习
( )1. I have two pens. One is red, ________ is blue.
A. the other
B. others
C. other
D. another
( )2. There ________ wrong with my bike.
A. are something
B. are anything
C. is anything
D. is something ( )3. Mike and Joan are _________ good at math's.
A. neither
B. both
C. each
D. no one
( )4. There are two maps on the wall. One is a map of America, ________ is a map of the world.
A. others
B. other
C. the other
D. another
( )5. I’m not busy. I hav en’t ________ to do.
A. something
B. everything
C. nothing
D. anything
( )6. His parents are ________ doctors.
A. each
B. all
C. both
D. no one
( )7. Of the three foreign friends, one is from London, ________ two are from New York.
A. other
B. the other
C. others
D. the others
( )8. Are these two books interesting? Yes, ________ of them are interesting.
A. both
B. all
C. either
D. neither
( )9. Mary wanted to have a talk with Tom. She had ________ to tell him.
A. important something
B. nothing important
C. anything important
D. something important
( )10. There ________ wrong with the machine.
A. aren’t something
B. aren’t anything
C. isn’t something
D. isn’t anything
( )11. My parents are I are ________ interested in music.
A. both
B. all
C. neither
D. no
( )12. Look at those students. Some are cleaning the window, ________ are sweeping the floor.
A. the other
B. other
C. others
D. the others
( )13. She has an apple in one hand and a knife in ________ .
A. other
B. the other
C. another
D. others
( )14. You may keep the book for two weeks, but you mustn’t lend it to ________.
A. other
B. others
C. the other
D. the others
( )15. I study Chinese, English and some ________ subjects.
A. other
B. the other
C. others
D. the others
( )16. Do they often talk to each ________ in English?
A. others
B. the other
C. other
D. the others
( )17. Would you like ________ milk?
A. some
B. any
C. little
D. a few
( )18. ________ beasts nor birds would have the bat as their friend.
A. Either
B. Neither
C. Not
D. Both
( )19. I’m hungry. Please give me ________ to eat.
A. something
B. anything
C. everything
D. nothing
( )20. Mary sings better than ________ of the other girls in her class. She sings best.
A. some
B. any
C. most
D. one
( )21. This story is more interesting than ________ two.
A. other
B. others
C. the other
D. the others
( )22. All the students had gone out. There was ________ in the classroom.
A. somebody
B. anybody
C. nobody
D. everybody
( )23. Since ________ is here, let’s begin our meeting.
A. anybody
B. everybody
C. somebody
D. nobody
( )24. ________ has taken my penc il by mistake. I can’t find it.
A. Somebody
B. Everybody
C. Nobody
D. Anyone
( )25. Did they find ________ in the park? No, they found ________ there.
A. anybody; nobody
B. somebody; everybody
C. anybody; somebody
D. everybody; anybody
( )26. Tom and Mary are ________ good at French.
A. each
B. both
C. no one
D. all
( )27. She made ________ mistakes in her exercises
A. any
B. another
C. no
D. one
( )28. There are fifty students in their class. ________ of them are league members.
A. Both
B. Either
C. All
D. No one
( )29. We must learn from ________ other.
A. every
B. on
C. each
D. all
( )30. The students have __________ on Sundays.
A. no any classes
B. no class
C. no classes
D. no any class
( )31. There isn’t ________ on the playground.
A. anyone
B. everyone
C. nobody
D. any people
( )32. If you need a ruler. I’ll lend you ________.
A. some
B. one
C. another
D. the one
( )33. I have two friends. One is from Australia, ________ is from Japan.
A. other
B. the other
C. another
D. others
2、不定代词little, a little, few, a few
( )1. The film is not interesting. ________ people like it.
A. Little
B. A little
C. Few
D. A few
( )2. That teacher was too busy to work in his office. He had ________ time to do the work.
A. few
B. a few
C. little
D. a little
( )3. The artist has learned Russian for four months and he can write ________ Russian now.
A. few
B. a few
C. little
D. a little
( )4. Don't hurry! You still have ________ time.
A. little
B. a little
C. few
D. a few
( )5. There is ________ ink in the bottle. I have to buy some.
A. little
B. a little
C. few
D. a few
( )6. Tom made quite ________ mistakes in the test.
A. few
B. a few
C. little
D. a little
( )7. Can you speak English? Yes, but only ________. I’ve studied it for only ________ months.
A. a little; few
B. little; a few
C. a little; a few
D. few; a little ( )8. Would you like some meat? Yes, just ________.
A. a few
B. few
C. a little
D. little
( )9. Be quick! There is ________ time left.
A. little
B. a little
C. few
D. a few
( )10. The question is so difficult that ________ students can answer it.
A. few
B. a few
C. little
D. a little
( )11. You did quite well in the test. You made ________ mistakes.
A. few
B. a few
C. little
D. a little ( )12. Is there any ink in the bottle? Yes, there is ________ .
A. few
B. a few
C. little
D. a little ( )13. Have you any friends in Pairs? Yes, I have ________ there.
A. few
B. a few
C. little
D. a little ( )14. Tom was ill yesterday, but he is ________ better today.
A. few
B. a few
C. little
D. a little ( )15. The children want to play ________ longer.
A. little
B. a little
C. few
D. a few ( )16. Sorry, I can’t answer your questions. I know ________ about the subject.
A. few
B. a few
C. little
D. a little ( )17. Don’t hurry. We still have ________ time left.
A. little
B. few
C. a little
D. a few
形容词的用法
1—5DACDD 6—10BCABB 11—15ACCCD
不定代词other, the other, something, someone等练习
1—5ADBCD 6—10CBADD 11—15BDBBA 16—20CABAB 21—25ACBAA 26—30BCCCC 31—33ABB
不定代词little, a little, few, a few
1—5CCDBA 6—10BCCAA 11—15ADBDB 16—17CC
Unit 1 Where did you go on your vocation? Section A (1a-2d) 教学目标；1，学生要学会关于假期旅行的常用词汇和句型，学会复合不定代词的用法。 2.交流旅行的话题，学会用一般过去式进行信息交流。 教学重点；能用所学的语言来交流假期去了哪里。 教学难点；学习复合不定代词someone anyone something anything 等的用法。 目标导学 1.What did you do last weekend ? ______________________________ 2.Where did you go on vocation? ______________________________ 自学自研 Task 1 ,Let’s read the new words and phrases. 1.Read the new words. 2.翻译下列短语。 （1） stay at home ____________ （2） go to New York city _______________ （3） go to summer camp __________________ （4） go with someone ________________ （5）买特殊的东西____________________ （6） meet someone interesting ___________________ （7）为考试学习___________________________ 语法不定代词 （1）不明确指代某些人、某个事物的代词叫做不定代词。指人的不定代词有：everybody, everyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one. 指物的不定代词有：everything, something, anything, nothing, none （2）不定代词做主语的时候视为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。不定代词不能与of 短语连用。例如： Nothing is impossible .(一切皆有可能)。注意：none 可以与of 连 用。例如：None of us will go there .我们都不会去那里。 （3）修饰不定代词的形容词要放在不定代词的后边。例如：I want to tell you something important.我想告诉你一些重要的事。 （4）不定代词之间可以进行句型转换。 例如 There is nothing new.=There isn’t anything new. Did you buy anything special 其中 anything 是复合不定代词。 复合不定代词的用法； （1）带some 的复和不定代词常用语肯定句当中；带any 的复合不定代词常用于否定句和疑问句当中。 （2）当形容词修饰不定代词的时候，应放在其后面。如something special (一些特别的东西) （3）复合不定代词做主语时，都做单数看待，其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 练习； （1）我想吃点东西。I’d like _______to eat. （2）今天有人给我打电话吗？ Did ________ call me today ? （3） Did you eat _________ _________.(好吃的东西) （4） Something ____(be)wrong with my watch. 知识延伸； 复合不定代词有； 某人 someone 任何人 anyone 没有人 no one 每人 everyone 某事 something 任何事 anything 没有东西 nothing 一切 everything Task 2 Listening and finish 1b 2a 2b. Task 3 Make conversations A:Where did you go on your vocation? B:I went to New York city (纽约城) A:Oh really? Did you go with anyone? B:Yes,I went with my friends(我的朋友) A；Did you buy anything special(特别的东西) B:Yes ,I bought something for my mother . 小组内进行对话的演练 小组内编对话 并复述对话
不定代词总结 一、不定代词 some 与 any 的用法区别 一般说来，不定代词some 用于肯定句中，any 用于否定句和疑问句中。但是，在表示请求、邀请或征求意见的句子中，通常要用 some 而不用any： Would you like some cake 吃点蛋糕吗 Why not buy some bread 为什么不买些面包呢 Shall I get some chalk for you 要我帮你拿些粉笔来吗 【说明】不定代词any 有时也用于肯定句中，此时表示“任何”： Any colour will do. 任何颜色都行。Come any day you like. 随便哪天来都可以。 二、不定代词 many 与 much 的用法以及区别 不定代词many 和 much 都表示“许多”，但 many 修饰或代替可数名词(复数)，与 few(少数)相对；而 much 用来修饰或代替不可数名词(单数)，与little(少量)相对。在口语中两者主要用于非肯定句中： Did you see many people there 你在那儿看见许多人了吗 We don’t have much time. 我们没有许多时间。 Much work has been done. 许多工作都已经做了。 You’ve given me too much. 你已给我太多了。 Take as many (much) as you want. 你要多少拿多少。 I asked her a great many questions. 我问了她许多问题。 辨析：too much；much too； too many 1、too much常用作副词或代词,也可以用作形容词修饰不可数名词.如： Is watching TV too much good or bad for your health电视看得太多对你的健康有益还是有害 You've given me too much.你给我的太多了. We've had too much rain lately.最近我们这里的雨下得太多了. 2、much too常作副词,后接副词或形容词.如： He drove much too fast.他开车开得太快了. It is much too cold.天实在太冷了. 3、too many常用作形容词,修饰可数名词复数.如：
不定代词讲解~详细 一、不定代词some 与any 的用法区别 一般说来，不定代词some 用于肯定句中，any 用于否定句和疑问句中。但是，在表示请求、邀请或征求意见的句子中，通常要用some 而不用any： Would you like some cake? 吃点蛋糕吗？ Why not buy some bread? 为什么不买些面包呢？ Shall I get some chalk for you? 要我帮你拿些粉笔来吗？ 【说明】不定代词any 有时也用于肯定句中，此时表示“任何”： Any colour will do. 任何颜色都行。Come any day you like. 随便哪天来都可以。 二、不定代词many 与much 的用法以及区别 不定代词many 和much 都表示“许多”，但many 修饰或代替可数名词(复数)，与few(少数)相对；而much 用来修饰或代替不可数名词(单数)，与little(少量)相对。在口语中两者主要用于非肯定句中： Did you see many people there? 你在那儿看见许多人了吗? We don’t have much time. 我们没有许多时间。 Much work has been done. 许多工作都已经做了。 You’ve given me too much. 你已给我太多了。 Take as many (much) as you want. 你要多少拿多少。 I asked her a great many questions. 我问了她许多问题。 辨析：too much；much too；too many 1、too much常用作副词或代词,也可以用作形容词修饰不可数名词.如： Is watching TV too much good or bad for your health?电视看得太多对你的健康有益还是有害? You've given me too much.你给我的太多了. We've had too much rain lately.最近我们这里的雨下得太多了. 2、much too常作副词,后接副词或形容词.如： He drove much too fast.他开车开得太快了. It is much too cold.天实在太冷了. 3、too many常用作形容词,修饰可数名词复数.如： They built too many buildings last year.去年他们建了许多楼房. 三、either、neither的用法以及区别 1、用作副词。either也（不），用于否定句中。 如：I don’t like fishing, David doesn’t like fishing, either.我不喜欢钓鱼，大卫也不喜欢。 neither也不；用于肯定句，表示否定含义。如：He can’t swim, and neither / nor can I. 他不会游泳，我也不会。 2、用作代词。范围多限定于两者之间，常用作主语。either of 和neither of +名词/代词的复数，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 either表示“二者之一”；neither 表示“两者都不”，其反义词是both。 如：Either of the knives is useful．两把刀都有用。 Neither of them was in good health, but both worked very hard．他们两人身体都不好，但都努力地工作。 3、用作连词：either…or…不是……就是……neither…nor…既不……也不……常用来连接两个并列成分，如并列主语、并列谓语等。谓语动词保持就近原则，与离它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。 但应注意以下几点： 1．无论either…or…还是neither…nor…，若连接两个单数数名词/代词作主语，后面动词用单数。 Either Mary or Lucy is coming．不是玛丽来，就是露西来。 2．若连接两个复数名词/代词作主语，后面动词用复数。Neither my parents nor my grandparents are coming． 我的父母不来，我的爷爷奶奶也不来。 3．如果一个单数名词/代词和一个复数名词/代词一起作主语时，动词的单复数形式必须和最靠近的一个主语保持一致。（就近原则）
不定代词用法归纳(详细讲解) ■本站特约作者陈根花 一、不定代词概说 英语的不定代词有 all, each, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some, any, no, (a) few, (a) little, both, enough, every 等，以及由 some, any, no 和 every 构成的合成代词(即somebody, anyone, nothing 等)。在这些不定代词中，多数都能作主语、宾语、表语或定语，但是代词 none 以及由 some, any, no 和 every 构成的合成代词只能作主语、宾语或表语，不能作定语，而 no 和 every 则只用作定语。 二、指两者和三者的不定代词 有些不定代词用于指两者(如both, either, neither)，有的不定代词用于指三者(如all, any, none, every)，注意不要弄混： Both of my parents are doctors. 我的父母都是医生。 All of the students are interested in it. 所有的学生对此都很感兴趣。 There are trees on any side of the square. 广场的每一边都种有树。 He has two sons, neither of whom is rich. 他有两个儿子，都不富有。 He has three sons, none of whom is rich. 他有三个儿子，都不富有。 【说明】each 可用于两者、三者或三者以上，而 every 只用于三者或三者以上，因此用于两者时只能用 each，不能用 every。如不能说 There are trees on every side of the road. 三、复合不定代词的用法特点 复合不定代词包括 something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等。它们在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语，但不能用作定语。something, someone 等和 anything, anyone等的区别与 some 和 any 的区别一样，前者一般用于肯定句，后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句(参见 any & some)。具体使用时应注意以下几点： 1.复合不定代词受定语修饰时，定语应放在它们后面： There is nothing wrong with the radio. 这收音机没有毛病。 Have you seen anyone [anybody] famous? 你见过名人吗? 2.指人的复合不定代词若用作主语，其谓语动词一般用单数，相应的人称代词和物主代词也用单数 he, him, his (不一定指男性)。但在非正式文体中常用复数代词 they, them, their：Everyone knows this, doesn’t he [don’t they]?人人都知道这一点，不是吗? If anybody [anyone] comes, ask him [them] to wait. 要是有人来，让他等着。 3.指事物的复合不定代词若用作主语，谓语动词只能用单数，相应的人称代词也只能用 it，而不用 they：
不定代词 some/ any many / much each/ every none / no one few/ little a few / a little all / both neither / either 1.Some与any的区别 （some+可数名词复数/不可数名词any+可数名词复数/不可数名词/ 可数名词单数） (1)Some用于肯定句, 修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。修饰单数名词时，意为“某一” I want some water and eggs (一些水和鸡蛋) He was late for some reason.（某一原因） (2)Some 用于表示提出邀请，请求，建议的一般问句和特殊疑问句： Would you like some bananas? (邀请) Can I have some milk in my coffee?（请求） What about some coffee?(建议) 表示邀请，请求，建议的问句： Would you like….? Can / Could you…? Can / May I / Could I …? Would you mind…? What about / How about…？ Why not / Why don’t you…? (3)any用于肯定句，修饰可数名词单数或不可数名词，指三者或三者以上中的“任何 一个” There are so many books, you can choose any one.有这么多书，你可以选任何一本 You can come any time tomorrow.明日你任何时间来都可以 (4)any用于否定句和问句，由some转变而来，意为“一些” I have some books about history. --- I don’t have any books about history. —Do you have any books about history? 2.each 与every 的区别(each/every +可数名词单数) (1)each可做为代词和形容词，强调个别。 Every只能做形容词，强调整体，意为“每个都”，充当定语，修饰名词 The teacher had a talk with each of them (他们中的每个人) 宾语 Each of us （我们中的每个人）has two boxes 主语 We each (我们每个人)have three ball-pens 同位语 Each boy (每个男孩) has a book. 定语 Every one (每个人)has strong and weak points 定语 (2)each指两个或两个以上中的“每一个”，every指三个或三个以上中的每一个 Each of the two has a computer. Every student likes this subject. (3)指三个以上中的“每一个”时，each one强调个体，every one 强调整体，两者后 面都可以加“of +名词复数/ 代词宾格" Each one of us has his duty我们每个人都有他的责任 Each of the gifts is very beautiful 每个礼物都很漂亮 Every one of them thanks for your help他们每个人都很感激你的帮助
不定代词用法归纳 一、不定代词概说 英语的不定代词有all, each, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some, a ny, no, (a) few, (a) little, both, enough, every 等，以及由some, any, no 和every 构成的合成代词(即somebody, anyone, nothing 等)。在这些不定代词中，多数都能作主语、宾语、表语或定语，但是代词none 以及由some, an y, no 和every 构成的合成代词只能作主语、宾语或表语，不能作定语，而no 和every 则只用作定语。 二、指两者和三者的不定代词 有些不定代词用于指两者(如both, either, neither)，有的不定代词用于指三者(如all, any, none, every)，注意不要弄混： Both of my parents are doctors. 我的父母都是医生。 All of the students are interested in it. 所有的学生对此都很感兴趣。 There are trees on any side of the square. 广场的每一边都种有树。 He has two sons, neither of whom is rich. 他有两个儿子，都不富有。 He has three sons, none of whom is rich. 他有三个儿子，都不富有。 【说明】each 可用于两者、三者或三者以上，而every 只用于三者或三者以上，因此用于两者时只能用eac h，不能用every。如不能说There are trees on every side of the road. 三、复合不定代词的用法特点 复合不定代词包括something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, ever ything, everybody, everyone 等。它们在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语，但不能用作定语。something, someone 等和anything, anyone等的区别与some 和any 的区别一样，前者一般用于肯定句，后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句(参见any & some)。具体使用时应注意以下几点： 1.复合不定代词受定语修饰时，定语应放在它们后面： There is nothing wrong with the radio. 这收音机没有毛病。 Have you seen anyone [anybody] famous? 你见过名人吗? 2.指人的复合不定代词若用作主语，其谓语动词一般用单数，相应的人称代词和物主代词也用单数he, him, his (不一定指男性)。但在非正式文体中常用复数代词they, them, their： Everyone knows this, doesn’t he [don’t they]? 人人都知道这一点，不是吗? If anybody [anyone] comes, ask him [them] to wait. 要是有人来，让他等着。 3.指事物的复合不定代词若用作主语，谓语动词只能用单数，相应的人称代词也只能用it，而不用they： Everything is ready, isn’t it? 一切都准备好了，是吗? 4.anyone, everyone 等只能指人，不能指物，且其后一般不接of 短语。若是指物或后接of 短语，可用any one, every one (分开写)： any one of the boys (books) 孩子们(书)当中的任何一个(本) every one of the students (schools) 每一个学生(一所学校) 四、是any not 还是not any 按英语习惯，any 以及含有any的复合不定代词用于否定句时，它只能出现在否定词之后，而不能在否定词之前： 误：Any one doesn’t know how to do it. 正：No one knows how to do it. 任何人都不知道如何做它。 误：Anybody [Anyone] cannot do it.
不定代词专项练习不定代词：代替或修饰不特指的人或事物的代词叫不定代词。单数 含义 some any no none / / each (every) one either, neither so the other, another 复合不 定代词 不可数含义much little, a little all / / / / / 复数含义many few, a few ones both others, the others ※注：复合不定代词有12个：something(某事), someone(某人), somebody(某人), anything(任何事), anyone(任何人), anybody(任何人), nothing(没事),nobody(没有人), no one(没有人), everything(一切), everyone(每个人), everybody(每个人). (1)some和 any 的用法： some一般用于肯定句中,意思是“几个”、“一些”、“某个”作定语时可修饰可数名词或不可 数名词。如：I have some work to do today. (今天我有些事情要做) They will go there some day.(他们有朝一日会去那儿) some用于疑问句时,表示建议、请求或希望得到肯定回答。 如：Would you like some coffee with sugar?(你要加糖的咖啡吗？) any 一般用于疑问句或否定句中,意思是“任何一些”、“任何一个”,作定语时可修饰可数或 不可数名词。 如：They didn’t have any friends here. (他们在这里没有朋友) Have you got any questions to ask?(你有问题要问吗？) any用于肯定句时,意思是“任何的”。Come here with any friend.(随便带什么朋友来吧。) (2)no和none的用法： no是形容词,只能作定语表示,意思是“没有”,修饰可数名词(单数或复数)或不可数名词。 如：There is no time left. Please hurry up.(没有时间了,请快点) They had no reading books to lend.(他们没有阅读用书可以出借) none只能独立使用,在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语,意思是“没有一个人(或事物)”,表示 复数或单数。 如：None of them is/are in the classroom.(他们当中没有一个在教室里) I have many books, but none is interesting.(我有很多的书,但没有一本是有趣的) (3)all和both的用法： all指三者或三者以上的人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词；也可用来代替或修饰不可数名词。both指两个人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词。 如：I know all of the four British students in their school.(他们学校里四个 英国学生我全认识) --Would you like this one or that one? –Both.(你要这个还是那个？两个都要。) all和both既可以修饰名词(all/both+(the)+名词),也可以独立使用,采用“all/both + of the +名词(复数)”的形式,其中的of可以省略。 如：All (of) (the) boys are naughty.(是男孩都调皮) (4)every和each用法： every是形容词,只能作定语修饰单数名词,意思是“每一个”,表示整体概念；
不定代词用法详解 不定代词，不明确指代某个特定的人或事物的代词叫不定代词。不定代词可以代替名次和形容词，表示不同的数量概念。不定代词没有主格和宾格之分，在句中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 英语中的不定代词常常成对出现，如some 和any, all 和both, neither 和either, each 和every, other 和another, much 和many, one 和no, none 和no one, few 和a few，little 和a little，等等。另外，还有由some, any, every, no 与body, one, thing 构成的复合不定代词(somebody, anybody, everybody, nobody, someone, anyone, everyone, no one, something, anything, everything, nothing)。 1.some 和any some 和any 都可修饰或指代可数名词和不可数名词；some 一般用于肯定句，any 一般用于疑问句和否定句。如： I must get some fruit in the market. 我得在市场上买点水果。 Do you have any books for children? 你有适合小孩子看的书吗? 【说明】(1) 当表示请求或要求并希望对方能给出肯定的回答时，some 也可用于疑问句；any 表示“任何的”之意时，也可用于肯定句。 Can you give me some paper? 你能给我些纸吗？ Why not send that girl some flowers? 为什么不送给那位女孩几束花呢？ You can read any of the books. 你可以看这些书中的任何一本。 (2) some 和any 均不能跟冠词连用。 2.all 和both (1)all 表示全部，表示三者或三者以上的人或物；both 指代两个人或事物，表示两者都。 Copper and silver are both metals. 铜和银都是金属。 Both sides are keen to reach an agreement. 双方都很想达成协议。 She and her husband both like dancing. 她和丈夫都喜欢跳舞。 There are trees on both sides of the street. 街道两旁都有树。 Not all women like the word Ms. 并非所有的女性都喜欢Ms 这个词。
不定代词用法总结 1) some, any的用法 some和any通常用于表示不定数或不定量，修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词。some 表示“几个；一些；部分”，多用于肯定句；而any表示“一些；什么；任何；”，对用于否定句或疑问句中。如： * He asked me some questions. (他问了我几个问题。) * Some of the bread has been eaten. (面包已吃了一些。) * Are there any stamps in this post office? (这个邮局里有邮票吗？) * I didn’t have any cigarettes, so I went out to buy some. (我没有香烟了，所以出去买了一些。) 2) 复合不定代词的用法 a. 不定代词some, any, no与-one, -body, -thing可以组成九个复合代词。它们是： someone anyone no one somebody anybody nobody something anything nothing 这些复合不定代词只有名词的性质，可以作主语、宾语等。 b. 因为some一般用于肯定句，any一般用于否定句或疑问句，no表示完全否定， 因此由some, any, no与-one, -body组成的复合代词的用法也一样。 c. 第二部分为-one和-body的复合代词只用于表示人，它们的形式是单数形式， 但有时可以用they或them指代。 * There is someone in your office. Can you hear them talking? (你办公室里有人。你听见他们说话了吗？) d. 第二部分为-thing的复合代词只能用于指物。如： * There was something wrong with the car so he had to stopped it. * He looked at me and didn’t say anything. * Nothing can be done to save her life. e. 这些复合不定代词如果有其它的形容词修饰，形容词必须后置。如： * Somebody important has arrived, I’m sure. (important修饰somebody) 3) none 与no one 的用法区别 None和no one 都表示“三者或者三者以上的另一个”，但是用法不一样。
复合不定代词的用法及考点解析 [ 作者:oscar | 2005-08-10 12:06 :: 点击数:3908 ] 复合不定代词是由some,any,no,every加-body,-thing,-one构成，列表如下： 由于在使用中有比较特殊的习惯用法，是考试中比较常见的考点。现将常见的考试形式解析如下： 一：复合不定代词和部分否定 部分否定是考试中的热门考点，常表达的结构有两种：1：not+全部肯定词2：助动词+not+全部肯定词。其意都为“并非都，不都”。前者是一般形态，如：Not everyone likes English. 由于是基本概念，学
生比较容易理解。但后者和一般否定句比较相似，容易引起学生判断上的疑惑，是出题的焦点。 1．I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ______. A. everything B: anything C. something D. nothing 分析：有同学看到I don’t agree就判断是否定句，选B, anything . 这就是对句子理解出现了偏差。句意是：我同意你所说的大部分，但不是全部。是一句典型的部分否定形式。not…everythign 的结构表明“并非每件事”。所以正确答案是A. everyting 。 2．----The exam was difficult, wasn’t it? ----No, but I don’t think ______ could pass it. A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody D everybody 分析：同上题一样，不能将I don’t th ink 简单得看成否定句而选B. anybody。“not…everybody”构成部分否定，既“并非所有的人都能通过”。所以应该选D. everybody。 二：复合不定代词的定语位置 复合不定代词被定语修饰的时候，定语必须放在不定代词后面。特别是当修饰的定语比较复杂的情况下要认真分析，弄清词序间的修饰关系。1．There is _____________ with your car.
不定代词专项练习 1．He can't hear you, because there is ____ noise here A．very much B．too much C．much too D．so many 2．____ name is Han Meimai. A．Herself B．Hers C．She D．Her 3．All of us were invited, but ____ of us came A．neither B．none C．both 4．The weather in Shanghai is different from ____ A．Baotou B．Baotou weather C．that in Baotou D．those of Baotou 5．There isn't ____ water in the cup. A．any B．many C．some D．the 6．----Is this ____ pen? ----No, ____ is on my desk. A．your; my B．yours; my C．your; mine D．yours; mine 7．The bottle is empty. There is ____ in it. A．anything B．something C．nothing 8．----Look! We have ____ sugar. ----Really? Let's go and buy some. A．few B．a few C．little D．a little 9．There isn't ____ milk in the fridge. You'd better buy some. A．no B．any C．some 10．----“There isn't ____ water here. Could you get ____ for me?” ----“All ringht.” A．some; some B．any; any C．some; any D．any; some 11．Today, ____ trees are still being cut down somewhere in the world. A．much too B．too much C．many too D．too many 12．There are lots of English books here, and ____ of them is easy to understand. A．both B．all C．every D．each 13．Is the shirt on the bed ____ ? A．yours B．your C．you 14．Mr Green taught ____ English last year. A．our B．we C．us 15．These sweaters are too small for me. Please show me ____ one. A．other B．others C．the others D．another 16．Mary can't go with us. ____ has to look after ____ mother at home. A．She; his B．She; her C．He; her D．He; His 17．There isn't ____ paper in the box. Will you go and get ____ for me? A．any; some B．any; any C．some; some D．some; any 18．I often help ____ . A．he or she B．his and her C．him and her D．his and hers 19．There are some trees on ____ side of the street. A．both B．all C．either D．every 20．“Which of the two dictionaries do you like better?”“I like ____ , because they're not useful.” A．both B．either C．all D．neither
不定代词总结 一、不定代词some 与any 的用法区别 一般说来，不定代词some 用于肯定句中，any 用于否定句和疑问句中。但是，在表示请求、邀请或征求意见的句子中，通常要用some 而不用any： Would you like some cake? 吃点蛋糕吗？ Why not buy some bread? 为什么不买些面包呢？ Shall I get some chalk for you? 要我帮你拿些粉笔来吗？ 【说明】不定代词any 有时也用于肯定句中，此时表示“任何”： Any colour will do. 任何颜色都行。Come any day you like. 随便哪天来都可以。 二、不定代词many 与much 的用法以及区别 不定代词many 和much 都表示“许多”，但many 修饰或代替可数名词(复数)，与few(少数)相对；而much 用来修饰或代替不可数名词(单数)，与little(少量)相对。在口语中两者主要用于非肯定句中： Did you see many people there? 你在那儿看见许多人了吗? We don’t have much time. 我们没有许多时间。 Much work has been done. 许多工作都已经做了。 You’ve given me too much. 你已给我太多了。 Take as many (much) as you want. 你要多少拿多少。 I asked her a great many questions. 我问了她许多问题。 辨析：too much；much too；too many 1、too much常用作副词或代词,也可以用作形容词修饰不可数名词.如： Is watching TV too much good or bad for your health?电视看得太多对你的健康有益还是有害? You've given me too much.你给我的太多了. We've had too much rain lately.最近我们这里的雨下得太多了. 2、much too常作副词,后接副词或形容词.如： He drove much too fast.他开车开得太快了. It is much too cold.天实在太冷了. 3、too many常用作形容词,修饰可数名词复数.如： They built too many buildings last year.去年他们建了许多楼房. 三、either、neither的用法以及区别 1、用作副词。either也（不），用于否定句中。 如：I don’t like fishing, David doesn’t like fishing, either.我不喜欢钓鱼，大卫也不喜欢。 neither也不；用于肯定句，表示否定含义。如：He can’t swim, and neither / nor can I. 他不会游泳，我也不会。 2、用作代词。范围多限定于两者之间，常用作主语。either of 和neither of +名词/代词的复数，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 either表示“二者之一”；neither 表示“两者都不”，其反义词是both。 如：Either of the knives is useful．两把刀都有用。 Neither of them was in good health, but both worked very hard．他们两人身体都不好，但都努力地工作。 3、用作连词：either…or…不是……就是……neither…nor…既不……也不……常用来连接两个并列成分，如并列主语、并列谓语等。谓语动词保持就近原则，与离它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。 但应注意以下几点： 1．无论either…or…还是neither…nor…，若连接两个单数数名词/代词作主语，后面动词用单数。 Either Mary or Lucy is coming．不是玛丽来，就是露西来。 2．若连接两个复数名词/代词作主语，后面动词用复数。Neither my parents nor my grandparents are coming． 我的父母不来，我的爷爷奶奶也不来。 3．如果一个单数名词/代词和一个复数名词/代词一起作主语时，动词的单复数形式必须和最靠近的一个主语保持一致。（就近原则）