高中英语语法练习-介词和连词
一、基础练习
1. Henry, ＿＿＿ Mary and Tom, is coming to China for a visit? Which is WRONG?
A. together with
B. like
C. besides
D. but in addition to
2. His father will be back from London＿＿＿＿a few days.
A. since
B. in
C. on
D. after
3. He usually goes to work on time ＿＿＿＿＿＿.
A. except for raining days
B. besides it rains
C. but that it rains
D. except on rainy days
4. Did you have trouble ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ the post office?
A. to have found
B. with finding
C. to find
D. in finding
5. If you keep on, you’ll su cceed ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.
A. in time
B. at one time
C. at the same time
D. on time
6. The train leaves＿＿＿6：00 pm, so I have to be at the station＿＿＿5：40 pm at the latest?
A. at； until
B. for； after
C. at； by
D. before； around
7. ＿＿＿the gate and you’ll find the entra nce＿＿＿the park＿＿＿the other side.
A. Through； to； on
B. Along； of； on
C. Down； to； at
D. Up； of； by
8. One＿＿＿ five will have the chance to join in thegame.
A. within
B. among
C. in
D. from
9. —— Do you go there ＿＿＿bus?—— No, we go there ＿＿＿a train.
A. in； on
B. on； on
C. by； in
D. by； with
10. I made the coat ＿＿＿my own hands. It was made＿＿＿hand, not with a machine.
A. in； in
B. in； with
C. with； by
D. with； with
11. The trees ＿＿＿front of the house are ＿＿＿the charge of Mr. Li.
A. in； in
B. at； in
C. in； by
D. from； in
12. The old man died＿＿＿＿＿＿ cold ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ a cold night.
A. from； at
B. of； in
C. of； on
D. for； during
13. My uncle lives＿＿＿＿116 Changhe Street. His room is ＿＿＿＿the sixth floor.
A. at； on
B. to； at
C. on； in
D. of； to
14. I don’t think you can wo rk out the maths problem＿＿＿＿her help.
A. since
B. unless
C. with
D. without
15. He is running＿＿the wind towards the station＿＿Tom running ＿＿the right.
A. down； and； on
B. against； with； on
C. for； with； in
D. with； while； to
16. In Hangzhou Mr. Black was so struck＿＿the beauty of nature that he stayed＿＿another night.
A. at； on
B. with； at
C. for； in
D. by； for
17. —— How long has the bookshop been in business? ——＿＿＿＿＿＿1987.
A. After
B. In
C. From
D. Since
18. We offered him our congratulations＿＿＿＿＿his passing the college entrance exams.
A. at
B. on
C. for
D. of
19. Guangdong lies＿＿＿the south of China and Fujian is＿＿＿the east of it. Hainan is ＿＿the coast of the mainland.
A. in； in； on
B. in； on； off
C. on； to； on
D. in； to； away
20. The student, ＿whom all the teachers are pleased,is very strict ＿himself ＿ everything.
A. to； with； in
B. with； with； in
C. with； at； with
D. at； with； at
21. Some doctors were sent t?the front where medical workers were ＿＿＿.
A. in great need
B. in great need of
C. needed great
D. needed in
22. ＿＿＿＿＿hearing the good news, they jumped with joy.
A. For
B. To
C. On
D. At
23. She is well-known＿＿＿＿her poems and she is also famous ＿＿＿an actress.
A. for； for
B. as； for
C. for； as
D. by； for
24. He climbed silently＿＿＿＿＿＿seizing the thief＿＿＿＿＿＿.
A. in the purpose； by surprise
B. with purpose of； surprisingly
C. with purpose of； surprisedly
D. with the purpose of； by surprise
25. The touch they had both kept in ＿＿＿many years broke.
A. for
B. on
C. into
D. with
26. The pianist began to play and the girl in red began to sing ＿＿＿＿the music.
A. with
B. along
C. through
D. to
27. He divided the sweets＿＿＿the children who were divided ＿＿＿three groups.
A. in； in
B. into； into
C. between； in
D. among； into
28. Early ＿＿＿the morning of May 1, we started off＿＿＿the mountain village.
A. in； for
B. in； t?
C. on；／
D. on； for
29. Ted has been absent＿＿＿＿＿class for quite some time.
A. for
B. with
C. of
D. from
30. The railway was opened＿＿＿＿＿＿traffic＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ April 4, 1985.
A. to； on
B. to； in
C. by； on
D. for； on
答案及简析
1.D。“名词＋介词短语”作主语时，谓语动词要与前面的名词保持一致。D项表达错误。
2.B。表示“从现在起多长时间之后”用in。
3.D。except后接动词不定式可与but连用，但except后还可接that, when, where等从句或介词短语，在表示对细节加以纠正之意时用except for。
4.D。have trouble／difficulty in doing sth.／with sth.是一个习惯用法，表示“做某事吃力、费劲”。
5.A。in time除平时熟悉的“及时”之意外，还有“迟早”的意思，相当于sooner or later。
6.C。具体时间即点时间前常用介词at, 表示“到……为止”用by。
7.A。through指“从某事物的内部空间穿过”；entrance后习惯接to；表示“在……边”用on。
8.C。“one in five”指“五人中有一个”，即“one out of five”。
9.C。“乘坐交通工具”时，用by＋抽象名词（无冠词的名词）或用in／on加冠词再加交通工具。
10.C。“由手工制作”用固定词组with one’s hands或by hand。
11.A。in front of表示“在……前面”；in the charge of表示“在……掌管／控制下”。
12.C。die of用于疾病、情感、饥饿、寒冷等原因造成的死亡，die from指除了疾病、情感、饥饿、寒冷以外的原因造成的死亡，on a cold night为特定时间。
13.A。在相对小的地点或门牌前用at；房间“在第几层”用“on... floor”。
14.D。“在……帮助下”用with,“没有……帮助”用without。
15.B。“逆／顶风而跑”用against；“with ＋宾＋宾补”表示伴随；表示“在左／右边”用on。
16.D。“be struck by”意为“被……迷住／打动”，stay for the night表示“留下来过夜”。
17.D。since常与现在完成时连用。
18.B。offer sb. congratulations on sth. or doing sth.＝congratulate sb. on sth. or doing sth.
19.B。in the south表示在“一个范围之内的南部”，on the east表示“在东边接壤”，off the coast 表示“离开海岸”。
20.B。表示“对……感到满意”，用be pleased with。此句为定语从句；主句中用了be strict with sb. in sth.句型。
21.A。如果选C，great应改为greatly。
22.C。on (one’s) doing意为“当……时”，相当于when引导的时间状语从句。如：On (my) asking for information, I heard a loud noise outside.
23.C。be well-known／famous for 意为“因……而著名”，be well-known／famous as意为“作为……而著名”。
24.D。with the purpose of是一个固定词组，意为“怀着……意图”；by surprise相当于suddenly。
25.A。keep in touch为固定短语，for...表示一段时间。
26.D。sing to the music意为“伴随着音乐而唱”。
27.D。介词between指“两者之间”；among用于“三者或三者以上之间”。根据定语从句可知children应是三者以上。
28.D。表示在“某一天的早晨”常说“on the morning of...”；后面用for表示去的目的地。29.D。be absent from是一个固定短语，意思是“缺席”。
30.A。be opened to traffic的意思是“通车”；在具体的某一天之前通常用on。
二、提高练习
1. The speech by the mayor of Shanghai before the final voting for Expo 2010 is strongly impressed _______ my memory.
A. to
B. over
C. by
D. on
2. The trees in that thick forest are so dose together that there is hardly any room to move ______ them.
A. between
B. in
C. among
D. across
3. So far, several ships have been reported missing _____ the coast of Bermuda Island.
A. off
B. along
C. on
D. around
4. It was easier to move about ______ the fringe of the crowd.
A. at
B. in
C. on
D. to
5. For miles around me there is nothing but a desert, without a single plant of tree _____.
A. in sight
B. on the earth
C. at a distance
D. in a place
6. I wanted two seats ______ Madame Gurie for Friday night, so I rang the cinema to seeif
I could book two tickets.
A. of
B. about
C. to
D. for
7. ---Has the train arrived? ---No, it all will be late ______ half an hour.
A. at
B. for
C. in
D. by
8. I like traveling by sea ______ it is not rough.
A. unless
B. in case
C. as long as
D. although
9. ---Poor Tom! He will have to work all the next month.
---Luckily, _______ the basketball games are held.
A. except
B. except that
C. except when
D. except for
10. ______ sick or well, my grandfather is always cheerful.
A. Either
B. No matter
C. Even if
D. whether
11. The oil must be used up, _______ the light went out.
A. for
B. because
C. since
D. as
12. The two countries were ______ between 1989 and 1992.
A. peace
B. at no war
C. at peace
D. at peaceful
13. The bridge is 1000 meters _______ length.
A. with
B. in
C. at
D. on
14. Look out _______ the traffic when crossing the road.
A. at
B. of
C. for
D. with
15. We often call Martin Luther King M.L.King _______ .
A. in short
B. for short
C. at short
D. to short
16. ______ the end of last term, every student in the school, I think, has taken at least five maths tests.
A. By
B. Since
C. From
D. In
17. ---How can I get to the island you mentioned?---You can’t get there _____ by swimming.
A. other than
B. more than
C. rather than
D. less than
18. ---I find reading comprehension the hardest in learning a foreign language.
---Well, ______ you’d better practise reading short passage every day.
A. so that
B. now that
C. for that
D. with that
19. ---Do you like coffee or milk?---Both. But I prefer coffee ______ milk.
A. to
B. for
C. with
D. from
20. Spider was up and standing at the door, with every hair of her body _____ .
A. stood up
B. on its end
C. on end
D. on the end
答案：1---5 DBACA 6---10 DDCCD 11---15 ACBCB 16---20 BACCC
连词练习
1．—The place isn't too bad, is it?—______ it's a bit too crowded.
A.No, but
B.Yes, though
C.No, because
D.Yes, yet 2．Five minutes earlier,_____ we could have caught the last train.
A.but
B.and
C.so
D.or
3．They may go to London, but they are not certain______.
A.still
B.yet
C.already
D. however
4．This word may be used both as a noun_____as a verb.
A.as well as
B.nor
C.and
D.or 5．I have read one of his plays______a lot of his poems.
A.but
B.while
C.as well as
D.as well
6．We can't see air, ______,it does exist.
A.and
B.but
C.however
D.still
7．Do what you have been told,____ you will be punished.
A.and
B.but
C.or
D.after all
8．She was t ill,_____she can'come.
A.for
B.therefore
C.but
D. or
9．—I thought he hated TV. —You are right,_____he still watches the program.
A.besides
B.also
C.then
D. yet
10．_____you are dismissed.
A.Either you go or
B.Whether you go or
C.Both you go and
D.Not only you go but also
11．It is strange, ______ it is true.
A.if
B.or
C.so
D.and
12．I asked her to stay for tea,_____ I had something to tell her.
A.but
B.for
C.or
D.and
13．I remember_____ this used to he a quiet village. (NMET)
A.when
B.how
C.where
D.what
14．It will be hours______ she comes back.
A.before
B.since
C.after
D.b y
15．I had no idea about it______ he told me.
A.until
B.there
C.that D .where
16．Air to us is _____ water to fish.
A.what
B.that
C.which
D.of which
17．When you read the book, you'd better make a mark____ you have questions.
A.where
B.at which
C.at where
D.the place where
18．I had no idea where he had been_____ he told me.
A.when
B.until
C.except
D. because
19．_____,Mother will wait for him to have dinner together. (NMET)
A.However late is he
B.However he is late
C.However
D.However late he is
20．It worried her a bit_____ her hair was turning gray. (NMET)
A.while
B.that
C.if
D.for
21．I don't doubt_____ he can pass the entrance examination.
A.whether
B.when
C.that
D.how
22．Never believe anything____ any other person has believed https://www.doczj.com/doc/846613331.html,e your own mind.
A.that
B.when
C.because
D.nor
23．Don t't stop_____you meet with a word you don'understand.
A.at that time
B.each time
C.sometimes
D.before 24．Take an umbrella______ it rains.
A.in case
B.in any case
C.because
D.for
25．_____the teacher found goodness, he praised it.
A.Wherever
B.However
C.As
D.Because
答案：1－5 A B B C C 6－10 C C B D A 11－15 D B A A A
16－20 B A B D B 21－25 C C B A A
（1）表语从句 1．定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。 2．构成：关联词+简单句 3．引导表语从句的关联词的种类： (1) 从属连词that。如： The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。 (2) 从属连词whether, as, as if。如： He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。 注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如： All this was over twenty years ago, but it's as if it was only yesterday. gh能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look等。如： It looked as if it was going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。 连接副词 where, when, how, why。 如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。 That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。 解释： 1．连词because可引导表语从句。如： I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。 2．在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如： My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。（2）主语从句 1．定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 2．构成：关联词+简单句 3．引导主语从句的关联词有三类： (1) 从属连词that。如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. 很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。 (2) 从属连词whether。如： Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。 (3) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。如： What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。 How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome. 不论谁来都欢迎。 Wherever you are is my home ---- my only home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。 解释： 1．主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有： A. It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。如： It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。 B. It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that
高考全攻略高中英语语法专题介词和介词短语 考点详情 高考频度：★★★★★【命题解读】 介词在英语中比较活跃，然而在高考中直接考查介词的题不是很多，但是介词却是考生最容易犯错误的语法项目之一。 【命题预测】 高考对介词的考查将不再局限于单个介词，将会更加注重对介词固定搭配中的介词的考查，精细化考查介词短语的辨析。在学习介词时，应重点掌握介词的基本用法，同时注意总结其与名词、形容词、副词、动词等搭配构成的短语的意思和用法。 【复习建议】 1. 掌握介词的常见用法及易混介词的辨析； 2. 掌握介词与其他词所构成的一些固定短语； 3. 掌握在定语从句中介词的使用情况。 介词的分类
考向①介词短语的功能 介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成分，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。 介词短语的功能例句 作定语They didn’t find the solution to the problem. 作状语We have breakfast at seven.（表时间） They were late for the meeting because of the heavy rain.（表原因）What do you mean by doing such a thing?（表方法） Nothing in the world could live without air or water.（表条件） 作表语When I paid a visit to you yesterday, you were not at home. 作宾语补足语I found the old building in a bad condition. 考向②常考介词的辨析 介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一，使用频率相当高，其用法跟冠词一样复杂。但根据近年来高考命题的情况来看，考生需要掌握以下内容。 1.表示相同或相似概念的介词（短语）的区别 表示的概念介词（短语）区别例 时间 in on at at在一个时间点上； in在一段的时间之内； on在具体日子。 ①at 8 o’clock, at noon ②in the 1990s, in January ③on Monday, on a warm morning since from since 指从过去到现在的 一段时间，和完成时连 用； from指从时间的某一点 开始。 ①We have not seen each other since 1995. ②I hope to do morning exercises from today. in, after in指在一段时间之后，也 可以指一段时间之内 =within； ①We’ll be back in three days. ②After seven the rain began to fall. ③What shall we do after graduation?
Before the 17th century, most of the native English speakers lived in England. After the 17th century, British people began to move to other ___66___ (country). Gradually, English was spoken there. At present ___67___ (many) people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before. ___68___ (luck), native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. English ___69___ (change) and developed when cultures met and communicated with each other over the past centuries. The English ___70___ (speak) in England between about AD450 and 1150 was very different ___71___ the modern English we speak today. It was the new settlers that enriched the English language and ___72___ (especial) its vocabulary. The English language was settled by the 19th century ___73___ two big changes in English spelling happened. English now is also spoken as a foreign ___74___second language in South Asia. China may have the ___75___ (large) number of English learners. 66.【答案】countries 【解析】考查名词。country是可数名词，此处由other修饰用复数形式，指其他的国家。故填countries. 67. 【答案】more 【解析】考查比较级。根据句中的than ever before可知含有和以前比较的意思，要用比较级表示更多的人，故填more. 68. 【答案】Luckily 【解析】考查副词。此处单独使用作状语要用副词形式，指“幸运的是”，故填Luckily. 69. 【答案】has changed 【解析】考查时态。根据句意和时间状语over the past centuries可知与现在完成时连用，主语是单数，故填has changed. 70. 【答案】spoken 【解析】考查过去分词。English和动词speak是被动关系，此处是过去分词作定语，故填spoken. 71. 【答案】from 【解析】考查固定短语。be different from“和…不同”，是固定短语。故填from. 72. 【答案】especially 【解析】考查副词。especial是形容词“特殊的，特别的”；especially是副词“尤其，特别”。
高一英语语法填空专题练习 (10篇) （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 一 once there lived a rich man 31 wanted to do something for the people of his town. 32 first he wanted to find out whether they deserved his help. In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed 33 very large stone. Then he 34 (hide ) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.“Who put this stone in the centre of the road?” said the old man, but he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way. 35 man came along and did the same thing; then another came ,and another. All of them complained about the stone but not tried to remove 36 . Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, 37 (say) to himself: “The night 38 (be) very dark. Some neighbors will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.” Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his 39 (strong) to move it. How great was his surprise at last! 40 the stone, he found a bag of money. 二· Crying marriage? 31 (surprise), isn’t it? Factually, the custom of crying marriage existed a long time ago in many areas of Southwest China’s Sichuan Province, and 32 (remain) in fashion 33 the end of the Qing Dynasty. Though not so popular as before, the custom is still observed by people in many places, especially Tujia people, who view it as a 34 (necessary) to marriage procedure. It is very much 35 same in different places of the province. According to elderly people, every bride had to cry at the wedding. 36 , the bride’s neighbors would look down upon 37 as a poorly cultivated girl and she would become the laughingstock of the village. In fact, there were cases 38 which the bride was beaten by her mother for not crying at the wedding ceremony. In a word, crying at wedding is a 39 by custom to set off the happiness of the wedding through falsely sorrowful words. However, in the 40 (arrange) marriages of the old days of China, there were indeed quite a lot of brides who cried over their unsatisfactory marriage and even their miserable life. 三 In order to know a foreign language thoroughly, four things are neccessary. Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear ______31________spoken.. Secondly, we must be able to speak it correctly with confidence and without hesitation. _____32_______ ,we must be able to read the language , and fourthly, we must be able to write it. We must be able to make sentences that are grammatically correct. There is no easy way to success _____33_______ language learning. _____34________ good memory is of great help, but it is not enough only _____35________(memorize) rules from a grammar book. It is not much use learning by heart long list of words and ______36_________meaning, studying the dictionary
高中英语语法——连词 1.定义：连词是一种虚词，用于连接单词、短语、从句或句子的词。 2.连词在句子中不单独用作句子成分。 3.分类：连词按其性质可分为并列连词和从属连词。
连词造句练习： 1.上完最后一节课之后，我就回家了。 2.你和他都是我的朋友。 3.她不但喜欢唱歌，还喜欢画画儿。 4.——我不喜欢吃芒果。 ——我也不喜欢。 5.就篮球而言，我比他打得好一点儿。 6.除非他先向我道歉，否则我不会原谅他的。 7.直到他离开了我，我才意识到他很重要。 8.虽然我不喜欢吃香蕉，但我也不讨厌它。
七选五练习 （一） When I was in high school and college, I went to fast food restaurants pretty often. Even until today, fast food is a popular choice among students. So, what makes fast food restaurants really popular year after year? The food is not very expensive. 1 So, it is good to get something tasty to eat and still have some money left for a movie later. Nowadays, many fast food restaurants open till late nights. 2 Most teenagers go there also because other boys and girls are there. It is fun to be there, as seen in fast food TV advertisements. It is cool. 3 You can just order fries or you can also mix and match with plenty of choices, such as coke with French fries, sundae with apple pies, salad with burgers. And managers there will not stare at you for reading there for hours if you just order French fries and a cup of coke. 4 They can have group discussions of school projects, small talk and even birthday celebrations. You can try telling them some fast food is unhealthy, but I doubt if youngsters will listen. 5 Some of them go to a fast restaurant every week. The food there is cheap, delicious, and served fast. A. Fast food does not have to be bad for you. B. Many teenagers do not have much money. C. Fast food is still popular with many of them. D. At fast food restaurants, you choose what you want. E. Today, fast food restaurants are offering healthier food. F. A fast food restaurant is a good place for some activities for teenagers. G. So, these places are comfortable and safe to hang out during late nights. Key: A B D F G My friend Jerry was one of the most positive people I had ever known. 1 If his employee had a bad day, Jerry always helped him to look on the positive side of the situation. 2 So one day I asked him, “ How can you be so positive all the time?” He replied,
高中英语语法“介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，是定语从句一种介词前置的定语从句句型，介词与关系代词之间 存在一种介宾关系。当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，把介词置于关系代词前，即演变出“介词+ 关系代词”句型。例如： The man who/whom/th at you spok e to is a teacher. =The man to whom you spok e is a teacher. 一、基本构成 1.“介词+关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which（指物）或whom(指人)，即： 介词+which/whom。 （1）The man to whom you spok e is a teacher. （2）The city in which she lives is far away. （3）The little girl is reading a book,in which there are many cartoons. 注意：当介词放在关系代词的前面时，用在介词后的关系代词不能省略。 2.在限制性定语从句中，当介词置于定语从句的谓语动词之后时，可用that/which(指物)；that/who/whom（指人）作介词的宾语.且此处关系代词可以省略，特别是在口语中。如：（1)The man(who/whom/that)you spok e to is a teacher. （2）The city（which/that）she lives in is far away. 注：通常介词放在定语从句中动词后，也可以放在关系代词前面，但有些特殊动词短语搭配不能拆分，介词只能放在动词后，如：look for,look after,pay attention to,take care of,look forward to,listen to等。This is the pen(that/which)you are looking for. The patient(who/whom/that)she is looking after is her father. The words that/which we should pay attention to are written on the blackboard. There are fifty patients who/whom/that we must take good care of. 二、关系副词when，where，why可用“介词＋which”来代替。关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词。其中 when=表时间的介词（如：in，at,during等）+which； Where=表地点的介词（如：in，at,on,under等）+which； Why=表原因的介词（如：for）+which (1)当先行词表示时间，定语从句中缺少时间状语时，通常用关系副词when引导，此时也可选用表示 时间的介词＋which来代替关系副词when。 I still remember the day when I came here.(on the day=when=on which) (2)当先行词表示地点，定语从句中缺少地点状语时，通常用关系副词where引导，此时也可选用表 示地点的介词＋which来代替关系副词where。 This is the h ou se where I lived last year.(in the house=where=in which) (3)当先行词为reason，定语从句中缺少表示原因状语时，通常用关系副词why引导，此时也可以用 for which来代替关系副词why。 There are many reasons why people like traveling.(for the reasons=why=for which)
文言虚词“以”、“与”作介词和连词的区别 高考文言文选择题中的虚词题，即“意义和用法”异同题，学生比较容易出问题，尤其是特定语境下的“以”“与”，作介词还是连词，是学习中的难点。 首先，“以”这里讨论意义为“因为”的“以”。。 看下面句中的词语： 1、且以一璧之故逆强秦之欢，不可。 2、以其无礼于晋且贰于楚也。 3、则思无以怒而滥刑。 根据句意，三句中的“以”都表动作、行为发生的原因，均可译为“因为” “由于”，即两词“意义”相同。但，“一璧之故”中心词“故”，是名词性短语，所以从句法上来说，“以一璧之故”构成介宾短语，共同修饰句中动词“逆”，这里的“以”用作介词。 “其无礼于晋且贰于楚”则是主谓结构，“其无礼于晋且贰于楚”，介词后只能带名词或代词，不能带主谓短语，而且“晋侯秦伯围郑”已经构成单句形式，所以这里只能是连词，连接前后两个分句，相当于关联词语“因为”。所以两句话中的“以”意义相同而用法不同。“怒”是动词，前面是不用介词的，所以这里的“以”也是连词。 总之，区分表原因的“以”是介词还是连词，关键看它后面是代词、名词、名词性短语还是其他短语或分句。 再看几个句子： 4、不赂者以赂者丧。 5、赵王岂以一璧之故欺秦邪？ 6、余是以记之，盖叹郦元之简，而笑李渤之陋也。 7、不以物喜，不以己悲。 8、古人之观于天地……往往有得，以其求思之深而无不在也。 9、诸侯以公子贤，多客，不敢加兵谋魏十余年。 以上几句中“赂者”“一璧之故”“物”都是名词或名词性短语， “是”“己”都是代词，与“以”一起构成介宾短语，分别修饰 “丧”“欺”“喜”“记”“悲”，这几处的“以”均用作介词；“其求思之深而无不在”“公子贤，（公子）多客”，都是主谓短语，均构成分句，所以这两句中的“以”用作连词。 其次，“与”，这里讨论意义为“和、同”的“与”。 看下面句中加点词语： 1、彼与彼年相若也，道相似也。 2、吾与之共知越国之政。 3、举天下之豪杰，莫能与之争。 4、与其妾讪其良人。 根据句意，几个“与”都翻译成“和”“同”，但用法却不同。“彼与彼”紧相连接，不能拆分，代词并列，可以互换位置，在句中共同作主语，这里的“与”用作连词。“吾与之”却不能前后互换，因为从上下文看，是说“吾”要采取的做法，而不是大家；且前后可以拆分，在“与之”前加“必”，成为“吾必与之共知越国之政”，所以句中“与之”构成介宾短语，作“知”的谓语，“与”用
高中英语语法易错题专题复习练习 1. My uncle bought me ___ MP4 as my birthday present yesterday. A. an B. a C. the D. / 【答案】A 【解析】此题题意为“叔叔昨天给我买了一个MP4 作为生日礼物”，故答案在A 和B 中选择，MP4 的首字母M 发音为元音，和首字母M 是辅音没有关系，故答案为A。 2. We decided to buy the flat because there was ____ underground station within walking distance and we could both take ___ underground to work. A. a, an B. an, an C. the, \ D. an, the 【答案】D 【解析】此题第一个空根据句意判断有一个地铁站，又根据underground 的发音 判断首字母发元音，故答案为an；第二个空考查乘地铁的两种说法by underground & take an underground，但是此处考查的是特指乘公寓附近的这个地铁去上班， 故要填the，综合两空答案为D 3. Gold is similar __ color ___ brass（黄铜）.
A. in, with B. in, to C. of, with D. of, to 【答案】B 【解析】此题考查similar 的搭配， A be similar to B ，相似于 A be the same with B，有一定混淆性，另外表达在某方面相似，搭配介词in，故答案为B。 4. What a dangerous scene! A car has missed the boy playing on the roadside __ only an inch. A. within B. for C. by D. at 【答案】C 【解析】本题题意为“一辆车差一点撞到那个在路边玩耍的男孩”，容易误导学生错选 A ，表示在一英寸以内，而真实意思是差一英尺，在英语中表示增长、降低、或者差距的正确表达是by+数字，故答案为C。 5. The girl has some balloons in her hand. One is red, ___ are yellow. A. others B. another C. the other D. the rest 【答案】D 【解析】此题题意为“那个女孩手上有一些气球，一个是红色的，其余的是黄色
介词 一．介词的定义和特征 介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句字成分。介 词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组，在句中作主语, 状语，表语，补语或介词宾语。例如: Most of the students went to the classroom.大部分学生去了教室。 We play basketball on the sports ground.我们在操场上打蓝球。 介词常与动词,形容词,名词一起构成固定搭配。 belong to 属于，rely on 依靠，talk to 同...谈话，be afraid of 害怕，be strict with对... 严格... 介词一般放在名词之前。但它后面的介词宾语是疑问代词,疑问副词或者关系代词时，这些词提到了前面而只剩下介词在后了。 Where do you come from?你是哪儿人? Who are you talking to?你在跟谁谈话呢? What do you study for?你为了什么而学习? 介词在英语词汇中所占比例很小，但它们的用法却非常灵活,复杂。下列为常用介词及含义: about关于,附近,大约,周围,随身 I have bought a book about Shakespearean.我买了一本有关莎士比亚的书。 There are about fifteen trees in the picture.图片里大约有十五棵树。 above在....上,高出,以上,超过,在...上游 The plane is flying above the clouds.飞机在云上飞行。 I think the man is above sixty years old. 我想那人有六十多岁了。 across 横过,对面,交叉,在...的对面 Can you swim across the river？你能游过河吗？ We live across the street. 我们住在街的对面。 after在...后面,依照 He went home after school.他放学后就回家了。 Read after me, please. 请跟我朗读。 against 撞到，靠着,反对,违背 The car hit against the tree. 汽车撞了树。 He is standing against the wall. 他靠墙站着。 along沿着,顺着 They are walking along the river. 他们沿着河行走。 among在...当中 He is the tallest among them. 他是他们当中个子最高的。 around在...的周围,在...那一边 They sat around the table talking the news.他们绕桌而坐谈论新闻。 There is a drugstore around the corner.拐角处有一家药店。 as 作为 He doesn't like people treat him as a child. 他不喜欢人们把他当小孩子对待。
专题一名词、介词和数词 1．The_________is just around the corner and you won’t miss it． A．bicycle’s shop B．bicycle shop C．bicycles shop D．bicycles’shop 2．Rose was wild with joy________the result of the examination． A．to B．at C．by D．as 3．________people in the world are sending information by E-mail every-day． A．Several million B．Many millions C．Several millions D．Many million 4．This is not a match．We’re playing chess just for________． A．habit B．hobby C．fun D．game 5．No matter what you do，you should put your________into it． A．mind B．heart C．brain D．thought 6．There are usually at least two________of looking at every question． A．means B．directions C．views D．ways 7．My chest________when I make a deep breath，doctor． A．harms B．wounds C．hurts D．injures 8．The home improvements have taken what little there is________my spare time． A．from B．in C．of D．at 9．Luckily，the bullet narrowly missed the captain________an inch． A．by B．at C．to D．from 10．To regain their________after an exhausting game，the players lay in the grass． A．force B．energy C．power D．health 11．According to the recent research，heavy coffee drinking and heart attack is not necessarily________and effect． A．reason B．impact C．fact D．cause 12．Every new________has the possibility of making or losing money． A．event B．venture C．adventure D．expedition 13．The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism________the wildlife in the area． A．in B．off C．at D．with 14．The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took________pictures of them． A．many of B．masses of C．the number of D．a large amount of 15．“I don’t think it's my________that the TV blew up．I just turned it on，that’s a11．”said the boy． A．error B．mistake C．fault D．duty 16．One of the consequences of our planet’s being warming up is a(n) ________in the number of natural disasters． A．result B．account C．reason D．increase 17. Life is tough in the city．In order to lose their________，some people drink alcohol． A．temper B．mood C．consciousness D．pressures 18．I don’t mind picking up your things from the store．________，the walk will do! me good． A．Sooner or later B．Still C．In time D．Besides 19．The accident is reported to have occurred _______the first Sunday in February． A．at B．on C．in D．to 20．________two exams to worry about，I have to work really hard this weekend． A．With B．Besides C．As for D．Because of 21．He got to the station early，________missing his train．． A．in case of B．instead of C．for fear of D．in search of 22． I feel that one of my main duties________a teacher is to help the students to be．
四种名词性从句(宾语从句、主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句)讲解与练习 ◆学习宾语从句 学习宾语从句的连词、语序、时态和各种变化及特殊用法(直接引证变间接引语也在 宾语从句的基础上还要进行人称、状语、少数动词和句型的变化)是为学习其它三种名词性从句(主从、表从、同位从)做铺垫，连词、语序、时态基本相同，只是后三种考点相对宾.语从句少的多，主要是对连词的应用进行考查。所以学好宾语从句是必要的。 宾语从句三注意三特殊 一注意:注意引导词(连词) 由陈述句转化而来的宾语从句，引导词为that，that 在口语或非正式文体中可省略;由 一般疑问句转化而来的宾语从句，引导词为if或whether;由特殊疑问句转化而来的宾语从句，引导词为句子本身的特殊疑问词，即what, when，where 等。 Eg：Tom says(that)he will fly to Beijing tomorrow. 汤姆说他明天将要坐飞机去北京 二注意:注意从句语序. 宾语从句的语序应该为陈述句语序即“主语+谓语+宾语+其他”。也就是说将疑问句转化成宾语从句时，一定要将疑问句语序转变成陈述句语序。 Can you tell me what he is doing能告诉我他正在做什么吗? <特别提醒>当疑问句在宾语从句中做主语时，语序不变。 Eg：Do you know what makes him so angry? 你知道什么事使他如此生气吗？ <特别提醒>如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理或是科学事实，其谓语动词仍用一般现在.时态。 Eg：Our teacher told us that the sun is much bigger than the moon. 老师告诉我们说太阳比月球大得多。 ◆主语从句(与宾词从句连词、语序、时态相同。只是不能用if, that 不可省;) (一)、主语从句是一个句子，在句子中作主语成分。 (二)，主语从句的特点 1.与宾语从句使用同样的连接词，只是if不能用; 1)、陈述句用that。 2)、一般疑问句用whether。 3)、特殊疑问句用特殊疑问词what, which, who,when, where, why, how等词引导。 2.以it为形式主语出现 Eg：1.It's true that the earth is round. That the earth is round is true. 2.表是否的意思时，不能用if代替whether. It hasn't been decided whether he'll come or not. Whether he'll come or not hasn't been decided. 3.从句语序为主谓宾正常语序。 Why didn't he come? Why he didn't come is not known. （三）特殊疑问词变化 Whoever=no matter who=any one who Whomever=no matter who=any one who