盐城市新洋实验学校（小学部）集体备课教案
教后记：
教后记：
盐城市新洋实验学校（小学部）集体备课教案
教后记：
盐城市新洋实验学校（小学部）集体备课教案
教后记：
盐城市新洋实验学校（小学部）集体备课教案
This is my . This is my
a.根据动画，听听Who are they?
在学生听完一遍后，让学生回答
T：Can you catch the words?
/ɑ:/
和o的发音区别，Is this Su Hai?
盐城市新洋实验学校（小学部）集体备课教案
Advanced Computational Fluid Dynamics 高等计算流体力学 Advanced Mathematics 高等数学 Advanced Numerical Analysis 高等数值分析 Algorithmic Language 算法语言 Analogical Electronics 模拟电子电路 Artificial Intelligence Programming 人工智能程序设计 Audit 审计学 Automatic Control System 自动控制系统 Automatic Control Theory 自动控制理论 Auto-Measurement Technique 自动检测技术 Basis of Software Technique 软件技术基础 Calculus 微积分 Catalysis Principles 催化原理 Chemical Engineering Document Retrieval 化工文献检索 Circuitry 电子线路 College English 大学英语 College English Test (Band 4) CET-4 College English Test (Band 6) CET-6 College Physics 大学物理 Communication Fundamentals 通信原理 Comparative Economics 比较经济学 Complex Analysis 复变函数论 Computational Method 计算方法 Computer Graphics 图形学原理 computer organization 计算机组成原理 computer architecture 计算机系统结构 Computer Interface Technology 计算机接口技术 Contract Law 合同法 Cost Accounting 成本会计 Circuit Measurement Technology 电路测试技术 Database Principles 数据库原理 Design & Analysis System 系统分析与设计 Developmental Economics 发展经济学 discrete mathematics 离散数学 Digital Electronics 数字电子电路 Digital Image Processing 数字图像处理 Digital Signal Processing 数字信号处理 Econometrics 经济计量学 Economical Efficiency Analysis for Chemical Technology 化工技术经济分析Economy of Capitalism 资本主义经济 Electromagnetic Fields & Magnetic Waves 电磁场与电磁波 Electrical Engineering Practice 电工实习 Enterprise Accounting 企业会计学 Equations of Mathematical Physics 数理方程
临床医学英语的课文参考译文整理版
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第二单元 骨质疏松与骨骼的危险因素 骨质疏松可能几十年也没有任何症状。因为除非骨折，它不会引起任何症状。有些骨质疏松性骨折数年后才能诊断出来。因此，只有发生带来痛苦的骨折时，患者才能意识到自己的骨质疏松。而骨质疏松症状和骨折部位有关。 脊椎骨折可引起严重的带状疼痛，疼痛从后背扩散到身体的两侧。几年时间，反复的脊椎骨折可引起身高变矮，脊椎弯曲和后背下端长期疼痛。脊椎弯曲使得患者出现驼背现象，通常称为“罗锅”。 日常生活中发生的骨折叫做压迫性骨折。例如：有些骨质疏松患者走路或下台阶时，脚部会出现压迫性骨折。 跌倒时通常发生髋部骨折。如果患有骨质疏松，非常轻微的磕碰都能造成髋部骨折。由于骨骼的质量较差，即使行外科手术治疗，髋部骨折也很难治愈。 根据国际骨质疏松基金会今天在世界骨质疏松日公布的报告披露，如果吸烟，每天饮酒两杯以上，不锻炼身体或饮食不佳，晚年就会患骨质疏松。 国际骨质疏松基金会主席Daniel Navid在迪拜召开的记者招待会上说：“预计到2050年，因骨质疏松造成的髋部骨折发生率，男性将增至310%，女性将增至240%。骨质疏松导致的骨折通常意味着疼痛，功能丧失，严重病例会导致死亡。” “战胜骨折”报告作者及国际骨质疏松基金会成员Cyrus Cooper教授说：“世界范围内，骨质疏松发病率正以流行病的发病增长——50岁以上,有1/3的女性和1/5的男性患骨质疏松性骨折。但是，如果人们年轻时就认识到骨质疏松的危害并采取适当措施，将对晚年时期的骨骼健康有着巨大的积极影响。” 国际骨质疏松基金会敦促人们接受国际骨质疏松基金会一分钟骨质疏松危险因素检查。此外，采取对骨骼有益的生活方式，如营养饮食，定期锻炼，不吸烟，不酗酒，这些都会有助于形成健壮的骨骼，防止骨折。 危险因素主要分为两大类：可修正的和不可修正的危险因素。尽管我们无法控制危险因素，如年龄，性别，家族史，但还是有些能减轻其影响的办法。 可修正的危险因素 可修正的危险因素主要源于不健康的饮食或生活方式的选择，包括营养不良，身高体重比偏低,饮食失调，喝酒，吸烟和缺乏锻炼。这些危险因素大部分直接影响骨骼健康，导致骨密度降低。（BMD） 喝酒 欧洲,北美洲及澳大利亚的研究表明，无论男性还是女性，每天饮酒量超过两杯会就加大骨质疏松和髋关节骨折的危险。 吸烟 吸烟同样增加人的骨折危险。国际研究已经表明，吸烟使髋关节骨折的危险增加1.5倍。在瑞典进行的研究表明，18到20岁的男性吸烟者，其骨密度降低。这项研究结果尤其令人担忧。因为它表明，年轻人吸烟可以降低骨质峰值——而骨质在20岁到25岁形成——因此增加他得晚年患骨质疏松的危险。 身高体重比偏低 身高体重比（BMI）偏低是检测人瘦的尺度，也可以用来提示患骨质疏松的危险度。医生认为，BMI在20到25之间是理想值。19以下表明BMI太低，有患骨质疏松的危险。 营养不良、饮食钙摄取量低 营养不良与BMI低紧密相连，它能影响骨骼健康。当饮食中钙的摄取量不足时尤其如此。钙是骨矿物质的基本成分，对肌肉，神经和人体的其它细胞也是十分重要的。 维生素D缺乏 主要通过皮肤暴露在阳光下获得的维生素D十分重要，因为它帮助从肠中吸收的钙进入到血液中。通常，儿童和成人每天把面部、手和胳膊暴露在阳光下10到15分钟就足够了。 饮食失调 饮食失调，如神经性厌食、贪食，也能引起骨质疏松。这些情况都能大大降低钙摄取量，加速骨矿物质流失。 运动量不足 久坐的人比经常运动的人更容易发生髋关节骨折。例如：每天坐9个小时以上的女性，其髋关节骨折的机率比坐6个小时以下的女性高50%。 经常跌跤 90%的髋关节骨折都源于跌跤。视力障碍、丧失平衡、肌肉神经紊乱，痴呆、卧床及老年人中常见的服用安眠药
Unit 1 Text A How Difficult Is English? 英语有多难 Like the national push for Asian literacy （n.有文化，有教养，有读写能力）in Australia，就如澳大利亚在全国推行学亚洲语言一样，there has been foreign languages fervor[f??v?] in China，中国也掀起一股外语热，with English on top of the list. 在这股热潮中，英语高居榜首。English is not only taught at schools，colleges and universities，but also at evening classes，on radio and TV．不仅各级学校教英语，夜校、电台、电视台也都设有英语课程。Parents hire private tutors for their school children；父母为学龄的孩子聘请英语家教，adult English learners would sacrifice the weekend at an English corner in a public park practicing their spoken English with peop1e of the same interest and determination. 成年英语学习者会牺牲周末休息日，到公园参加英语角，与志趣相投的英语学习者练习口语。Is English such a difficult language that it really demands people to invest a large amount of time and energy before it is mastered ? 英语真的有这么难，需要人们投入大量的时间和精力才能掌握吗? The answer，if I am asked to offer，is undoubtedly，yes．如果我被问及这个问题，那么毫无疑问，我的答案是：是的。From my personal experience, 从我个人的经验来看，I think learning English means far more than learning its pronunciation，its grammatical rules，its words，etc．英语学习不仅仅是学习英语发音、语法规则、词汇等，It involves learning everything about the countries where it is used and the people who use it．它包括学习与使用该语言的国家和民族有关的所有内容。Without such a complete understanding of the language, 对英语没有这样全面的理解，the English a foreigner speaks will inevitably sound strange or even unintelligible though there is not anything wrong with his pronunciation，sentence structure and the words he uses．即使发音、句子结构、措辞毫无错误，一个外国人所讲的英语也难免听起来稀奇古怪甚至难以理解。The social customs and habits of the English-speaking people contribute a lot to the difficulty a foreigner has in learning it．讲英语民族者的社会风俗习惯增加了外国人学习英语的难度。Take the Chinese English learners for example．以学英语的中国人为例，" Hello "and "Good morning" may sound a little bit simple to Chinese people．"你好"和"早上好"是非常简单的。It is totally beyond the understanding of a Chinese English learner that native English speakers would be annoyed when they're addressed "Where are you going?"，which is a commonly used addressing among the Chinese．"你去哪儿?"是中国人常用的问候语，若英语母语者被问及"你去哪儿?"，他们会因此感到不悦，这一点让中国的英语学习者大为不解。Is there anything wrong with the English sentence structure ? 这个英语句子结构不对吗? Of course not．当然不是。It takes quite some time for a Chinese English learner to understand the western concept of privacy being violated in this address. 学英语的中国人得费点儿时间才能理解这一问候语侵犯了西方人的隐私。By the same token，同样，"Have you eaten?"(which is another addressing term the Chinese people usually use)will sound to native English speakers that the Chinese are so hospitable that they invite people to meals off-handedly. 英语母语者听到"你吃了吗?"(中国人常用的另外一个问候语)，会觉得中国人非常好客，会在事先毫无准备的情况下请人吃饭。Meanwhile，the Chinese would be shocked to hear，"Oh，it's very nice of you．When?"，if the addressee happens to have a craving for Chinese cooking and has not had his dinner yet.如果听话者此刻正希望品尝一下中国美食，又碰巧没有吃饭，他会回答"太好了，什么时候?"，中国人为此也会大吃一惊。 "We can say we are going to have chicken for dinner．Why can't we say pig，bull or sheep for dinner instead of pork，beef or mutton?" Chinese English learners may raise such questions．中国的英语学习者可能会这样问："我们可以说吃鸡，为什么不能说吃猪、吃牛、吃羊，而要说吃猪肉、牛肉、羊肉呢?"Figuring out the reasons for the peculiar English vocabulary is no easy task for Chinese English learners．对学习英语的中国人来说，为这些特殊的英语词汇找出理由并非易事。But the problem is that memorizing English words mechanically would be devastating and inefficient if they did not know what had happened in British history．问题在于如果不懂英国历史，死记硬背英语单词毫无效率。Thus learning English(and other languages as well)involves learning the history of the countries where it is spoken．所以说，学英语(其他语言亦如此)还包括学习使用该语言国家的历史知识。A task of this kind is more difficult for Chinese English learners than for people who speak
关于如何上好大学英语翻译课教学的思考 【摘要】翻译教学是培养翻译人才的主要途径，也是大学英语教学中的重要组成部分。大学英语的翻译教学应适当讲授翻译理论，改进翻译教学方法，努力提高学生语言能力和实际翻译能力。 【关键词】翻译教学翻译能力语言能力大学英语 一、大学英语翻译教学有待改进和加强 翻译教学是培养翻译人才的主要途径，也是大学英语教学中的重要组成部 分。西方翻译界早在上世纪60年代就开始关注翻译教学，并指出：“翻译是一门独立的学科，翻译教学区别于纯正意义的语言教学，翻译教学需要进行专门的翻译训练。”（让·德利尔，1988）随着翻译研究的深入，翻译教学已从和语言教学有关的翻译行为中独立出来，目前已经展开了有关学科定位、培养目标、课程设置等多维度的研究。因而，将翻译教学融入到大学英语教学当中，从而培养学生的翻译能力是十分必要的。另外，由于师生语言背景相同，在课堂上，适当的母语解释，尤其是在解释具有抽象意义的词汇和母语中所没有的语法现象时，翻译教学既省时省力，又简洁易懂。 现代外语界广为接受的交际教学法，导致了一种误区：外语教学过程盲目单语化，甚至完全排斥母语或翻译。尤其是在大学英语教学中，老师普遍采用英语教学，英语操练，目的是提供英语交际的情景，锻炼学生的听说能力，培养他们用英语思维的习惯。但这种做法常常没有考虑学生的实际情况，而且部分教师受制于课本内容，未能创造真正的交际环境，甚至有的老师说出来的英语并不规范，于是反而更使学生理解模糊。另一方面，现在的教师和学生都没有对翻译给予足够的重视，教师没有给学生较系统地介绍一些翻译常识和技巧，学生不能做足量的翻译练习，英语考试也很少有翻译方面的测试，种种原因都导致学生翻译能力始终处于劣势。 二、大学英语教学中实施翻译教学的对策： （一）主要应做好三个方面工作适当讲授翻译理论 翻译教学应当适当讲授翻译理论，这已得到大多数学者的认同。现在大多数的翻译教程都以介绍翻译技巧和翻译方法为主，而回避了翻译理论对翻译实践的指导作用。翻译理论的指导性在于减少实践的盲目性、因循性，而提高科学性、功效性（刘宓庆，1987）。在讲授翻译理论时，既要考虑教学目的，又要照顾学生的知识结构现状。其讲授主要只能涉及一些基本原则。至于学生的知识结构现状，表现为相当部分学生的语言表达能力非常薄弱。 1.讲授一些基本的翻译理论，包括翻译的标准、常用方法等。这一部分通过
此文档下载后即可编辑 此文档下载后即可编辑 1Where’s my backpack? Dear Feifei, Please take these things to your sister: her hat, watch, notebook, keys and ID card. The hat is on the dresser. The watch is under the bed. The note book is on the bed. The keys are in the drawer. The ID card is on the table. Thanks Grandma 2Do you have a soccer ball? A: Let’s play soccer. B: I don’t have a soccer ball. A: Well, let’s play volleyball. B: That sounds good. 3Do you like bananas? Runner eats well!
Runner star Sandra Clark eats lots of healthy food. For breakfast, she likes eggs, bananas, and apples. For lunch, she likes hamburgers, salad, and pears. And for dinner, she has chicken, tomatoes, French fries and, for dessert, ice cream. 4How much are these pants? Clerk: Can I help you? Mary: Yes, please. I want a sweater. Clerk: What color do you want? Mary: Blue. Clerk: Here you are. Mary: How much is it? Clerk: 20 dollars. Mary: I’ll take it. Thanks. Clerk: You’re welc ome. 5Do you want to go to a movie? I often go to the movies with my friend, Mike. My favorite actor is Paul Jackson. He has a new movie, My Father’s Birthday. It’s a very funny comedy.
Unit 1 A heated discussion about whether men are braver than women is settled in a rather unexpected way. The dinner party Mona Gardner I first heard this tale in India, where is told as if true -- though any naturalist would know it couldn't be. Later someone told me that the story appeared in a magazine shortly before the First World War. That magazine story, and the person who wrote it, I have never been able to track down. The country is India. A colonial official and his wife are giving a large dinner party. They are seated with their guests -- officers and their wives, and a visiting American naturalist -- in their spacious dining room, which has a bare marble floor, open rafters and wide glass doors opening onto a veranda. A spirited discussion springs up between a young girl who says that women have outgrown the jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse era and a major who says that they haven't. "A woman's reaction in any crisis," the major says, "is to scream. And while a man may feel like it, he has that ounce more of control than a woman has. And that last ounce is what really counts." The American does not join in the argument but watches the other guests. As he looks, he sees a strange expression come over the face of the hostess. She is staring straight ahead, her muscles contracting slightly. She motions to the native boy standing behind her chair and whispers something to him. The boy's eyes widen: he quickly leaves the room. Of the guests, none except the American notices this or sees the boy place a bowl of milk on the veranda just outside the open doors. The American comes to with a start. In India, milk in a bowl means only one thing -- bait for a snake. He realizes there must be a cobra in the room. He looks up at the rafters -- the likeliest place -- but they are bare. Three corners of the room are empty, and in the fourth the servants are waiting to serve the next course. There is only one place left -- under the table. His first impulse is to jump back and warn the others, but he knows the commotion would frighten the cobra into striking. He speaks quickly, the tone of his voice so commanding that it silences everyone. "I want to know just what control everyone at this table has. I will count three hundred -- that's five minutes -- and not one of you is to move a muscle. Those who move will forfeit 50 rupees. Ready?" The 20 people sit like stone images while he counts. He is saying "...two hundred and eighty..." when, out of the corner of his eye, he sees the cobra emerge and make for the bowl of milk. Screams ring out as he jumps to slam the veranda doors safely shut. "You were right, Major!" the host exclaims. "A man has just shown us an example of perfect self-control." "Just a minute," the American says, turning to his hostess. "Mrs. Wynnes, how did you know that cobra was in the room?" A faint smile lights up the woman's face as she replies: "Because it was crawling across my foot."
Unit 1:Where did you go on vacation? Section A 2d: Role-play the conversation. Rick: Hi, Helen. Long time no see. Helen:Hi, Rick. Yes, I was on vacation last month. Rick: Oh, did you go anywhere interesting? Helen: Yes, I went to Guizhou with my family. Rick: Wow! Did you see Huangguoshu Waterfall? Helen: Yes, I did. It was wonderful! We took quite a few photos there. What about you? Did you do anything special last month? Rick: Not really. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. Grammar Focus: 1. Where did you go on vacation? I went to New York City. 2. Did you go out with anyone? No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation. 3. Did you buy anything special? Yes,I bought something for my father./ No, I bought nothing. 4. How was the food? Everything tasted really good! everyone have a good time? Oh, yes. Everything was excellent. Section B 2b 阅读理解 Monday, July 15th I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. It was sunny and hot, so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. My sister and I
医学英语课文知识总结 1.Seasonal Influenza (P18) Definition: Seasonal influenza is an acute infection caused by the influenza virus. Type: Type A: A1(H1N1) and A3(H3N2) are circulating among human Type B: Only influenza A and B viruses are included in seasonal influenza vaccines Type C: much less frequently than A and B Cause: 1. High risk: People with certain medical conditions, such as chronic heart, lung, kidney, liver, blood or metabolic diseases (such as diabetes), or weakened immune systems 2. Transmission: Spread by breathing in infected droplets Signs and symptoms: high fever, cough, headache, muscle and joint pain, severe malaise, sore throat and runny nose Treatment: antiviral drugs such as adamantanes and inhibitors of influenza neuraminidase Prevention: vaccinate timely(most effective);covering mouth and nose with tissue when coughing, washing hands regularly 2.Diabetes (P25) Definition:Diabetes is a chornic disease that occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin,or alternatively,when thw body cannot effevtively use the insulin it produces. Type: Type 1 diabetes(previously know as insulin-dependent or childhood-onset)is characterized by a lack of insulin production. Type 2 diabetes(fromly called non-insulin-dependent or adult-onset)results from the body's ineffective use of insulin. Gestational diabetes is hyperglycaemia which is first recognized during pregnancy. Common consequences： Diabetes can damage the heart,blood vessels,eyes,kindneys,and nerves. Such as:retinopathy,neuropathy;tingling;pain;numbness,or weakness in the feet and hands;fool ulcers,even amputation;kidney failure;heart disease;stroke;cardiovascular disease. Prevent: achieve and maintain healthy body weigh;be physically active;blood testing;tabacco cessation; blood pressure control;foot care;morderate blood control, people with type 1 diabetes require insulin,people with type 2 diabetes can be treated with oral medication,but may also require insulin.screening for retinopathy;blood lipid control; screening for early signs of diabetes-related kindney disease. 5.Obesity And Overweight（P70） Defintion:Overweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health.WHO defines “overweight” as a BMI equal to or more than 25 and “obesity” as a BMI equal to or more than 30. Reason: Energy imbalance ,unhealthy diet and physical inactivity. Consequence:Cardiovascular disease,diabetes,musculoskeletal disorders,some cancer Prevention: Achieve energy balance and a healthy weight,limit energy intake, fruit,vegetables,legumes,whole grains and nuts.increase physical activity and limit sugar intake
Unit12 Text A Importance重 要 性 Many important things that contribute to our overall objectives and give meaning to life don't tend to act upon us or press us．很多重要事情有助于实 现我们的总目标，使生活有意义，但是它们不作用于我们.They're not ''urgent"，but they are the things that we must act upon．它们并不紧迫，但它们却是我们必须做的 事情。 In order to focus on the issues of urgency and importance more effectively，为了更有效地把精力集中在紧急和重要的事情上，let's look at the Time Management Table below．我们来看下面的时间管理分类表。As you can see it divide s our activities into four parts．该表将人的活动分为四部分，We spend time in one of these four ways：我们以其中任何一种方式度日。 Urgent紧迫Not Urgent不紧迫 Important重要 I II Crises危机Preparation准备工作 Pressing Problems紧急问题Prevention预防工作 Dealine-driven projects, meetings, preparations有最 后期限的项目、会议和准备工作 Values clarification价值分类 Planning计划 Relationship building确立人际关系 True-creation真正的再创造 Not Important不重要 III IV Interruptions, some phone calls小插曲，某些电话Trivia ,busywork Some mail, some reports某些信件、报告Some phone calls某些电话 Some meetings某些会议Time wasters消耗时间的事情 Many proximate, pressing matters许多迫在眉睫的 事情 "Escape" activities“逃避现实”的活动Many popular activities许多大众活动Irrelevant mail不相关的信件 Excessive TV过度看电视 Part I represents things that are both "urgent''and"important" ．第1部
初一上册Unit 1 My name’s Gina. Language Goals: Introduce yourself；Greet people；Ask for and give telephone number 1. My name is Jenny Green. My phone number is 281-9176.My friend is Gina Smith. Her phone number is 232-467 2. 2. I’m Dale Miller and my friend is Eric Brown. His telephone number is 357-5689.My telephone number is 358-6344. 3. My name is Mary Brown. My friend is in China. Her name is Zhang Mingming. My phone number is257-8900 and her number is 929-3155. Unit 2 This is my sister. Language Goals: Introduce people; Identify people My Family Hi, I’m Jenny, Here are two nice photos of my family. My grandfather and grandmother are in the first photo. These are my parents, Alan and Mary. In the next picture are my brothers, Bob and Eric. These two girls are my sister Cindy and cousin Helen. Coco is in my family too。 Unit 3 Is this your pencil? Language Goals: Identify ownership Lin Hai, A computer game is in the school library. Is it yours？Ask the teacher for it? Mike Found: Some keys are in Classroom 7E. Are they yours? E-mail me at maryg2@gfimail. com. Is this your watch? My phone number is 495-3539. Call me. John Lost: I lost my school ID card. I must find it. Call me at 685-6034. Tom ? Unit 4 Where’s my schoolbag? Language Goal: Talk about where things are I’m Kate, and my sister is Gina. I’m tidy, but Gina is not. In our room, my books and tapes are in the bookcase. My keys are in my schoolbag. I have a clock. It’s on the desk. Gina’s books are everywhere –on her bed, on the sofa and under the chair. The white model plane is hers. It’s under the desk. “Where are my keys? Where’s my ruler? Where’s my schoolbag?” Gina always asks. Unit 5 Do you have a soccer ball? Frank Brown: I don't have a soccer ball, but my brother Alan does. We go to the same school and we love soccer. We play it at school with our friends. It's relaxing. Gina Smith:Yes, I do. I have two soccer balls, three volleyballs, four basketballs and five b aseballs and bats. I love sports, but I don't play them—I only watch them on TV! Wang Wei:No, I don't. Soccer is difficult. I like ping-pong. It's easy for me. I have three ping-pong balls and two ping-pong bats. After class, I play ping-pong with my classmates. Unit 6 Do you like bananas? Unit 7 How much are these socks? Mr. Cool’s Clothes Store Come and buy your clothes at our great sale! We sell all our clothes at very good prices. Do you like sweaters? We have red and green sweaters for only $15! Yellow and white sweaters are only $12! Do you need trousers? For boys, we have black trousers for only $22. And shorts are only $16! For girls, we have skirts in red and purple for only $20. How much are our jackets? Only $30! And we have black and brown shoes for only $28. Socks are only $2 for three pairs！Come to Mr. Cool’s Clothes Store now! Unit 8 When is your birthday? Dear students, We have some interesting and fun things for you this term. On September 21st, we have a school trip in the afternoon. October is a great month. On the 12th and the 15th, we have two ball games, soccer and volleyball. School Day is on October 22nd.Your parents can come to our school. Next month, we have an art festival. It’s on November 3rd. We have an English party on November30th.And on December 3rd,