（英语）高考英语阅读理解解题技巧(超强)及练习题(含答案)
一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解
Scientists have been studying how people use money for long. Now they're finding some theories may apply to one group of monkeys.
Researchers recently taught six monkeys how to use money. They gave the monkeys small metal disks(圆片) that could be used like cash and showed them some yummy apple pieces. The monkeys soon figured out that if they gave one of the disks to a scientist, they'd receive a piece of apple in return.
If you think that is all the monkeys can figure out, you are wrong. Two researchers, Jake and Allison, acted as apple sellers in the experiments. The monkeys were tested one at a time and had 12 disks to spend in each experiment. Jake always showed the monkeys one apple piece, while Allison always showed two pieces. But that's not necessarily what they gave the monkeys. The number of apple pieces given for a disk was determined at random.
Experiment One: Allison showed two pieces of apples but gave both pieces only half the time. The other half, she took one piece away and gave the monkey just the remaining piece. Jake, on the other hand, always gave exactly what he showed: one piece for each disk. The monkeys chose to trade more with Allison.
Experiment Two: Allison continued to sometimes gave two pieces and sometimes one piece. But now, half the time, Jake gave the one apple piece he was showing, and half the time he added a bonus. Guess what? The monkeys chose to trade more with Jake.
In the first experiment, the monkeys correctly figured out that if they traded with Allison, they'd end up with more treats. In the second one, when a monkey received two pieces from Jake, it seemed like again. When Allison gave the monkey only one piece instead of the two she showed, it seemed like a loss. The monkeys preferred trading with Jake because they'd rather take a chance of seeming to win than seeming to lose.
We also sometimes make silly business decisions just to avoid the feeling that we're getting less, even when were not. Would you have made the same choices?
（1）What conclusion might experts draw from the first experiment?
A. The monkeys show certain business sense.
B. Business theories can apply to all monkeys.
C. People are smarter in terms of finance.
D. It's easy to teach monkeys how to trade.
（2）What does a bonus in paragraph 5 refer to?
A. A metal disk.
B. An apple piece.
C. A chance.
D. A coin.
（3）Why did the monkeys choose to trade more with Jake in the second experiment?
A. Because Jake always gave them two apple pieces.
B. Because the apple pieces from Jake were yummy.
C. Because they didn't like the feeling of losing.
D. Because they get more apple pieces from Jake.
（4）What could be the best title for the passage?
A. People's Business Decision: Lose or Gain?
B. Moneky's Business Sense: Smart or Silly?
C. Shopping for Bargain: Same or different?
D. Disk for Apple: Who to Trade with?
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，科学家们通过实验来说明，“猴子的商业意识：聪明还是愚蠢？”
(1)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“The monkeys chose to trade more with Allison.”可知，专家们从第一个实验中得出的结论是“猴子表现出一定的商业意识。”故选A。
(2)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“half the time, Jake gave the one apple piece he was showing, and half the time he added a bonus.可知，a bonus指代的是“一块苹果”，故选B。(3)考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“The monkeys preferred trading with Jake because they'd rather take a chance of seeming to win than seeming to lose.”可知，猴子在第二个实验中会选择与杰克进行更多的交易是因为他们不喜欢失去的感觉。故选C。
(4)考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“Researchers recently taught six monkeys how to use money. ...The monkeys soon figured out that if they gave one of the disks to a scientist, they d receive a piece of apple in return.”和最后一段中的“We also sometimes make silly busi ness decisions just to avoid the feeling that we're getting less, even when were not. Would you have made the same choices?”可知，本文说的是，猴子的商业意识：聪明还是愚蠢？故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
Imagine your clothing could release enough heat to keep you warm and cozy, allowing you to stay comfortable in a cooler room. Or, picture a car windshield that stores the sun's energy and then releases it as heat to make the ice on the windshield disappear.
According to a team of researchers at MIT, both cases may be possible before long, thanks to a new material that can store solar energy during the day and release it later as heat. This transparent polymer film could be applied to many different surfaces, such as window glass or clothing.
Solar energy is only available about half the time we need it — during daylight. For the sun to become a major power provider for human needs, there has to be an efficient way to save it up for use during nighttime and stormy days. Most such efforts have focused on storing and recovering solar energy in the form of electricity, but the new finding, by MlI professor Jeffrey Grossman, Postdoc David Zhitomirsky and graduate student Eugene Cho, could provide a highly efficient method for storing the sun's energy through a chemical reaction and releasing it later as heat.
The key to enabling long-term, stable storage of solar heat, the team said, is to store it in the form of a chemical change rather than storing the heat itself. But heat will disappear over time no
matter how good the material around it is, so the team set up a chemical storage system that can keep the energy in a stable molecular configuration. When exposed to sunlight, the molecules can stay that way for long periods Then, when triggered (触发)by a very specific temperature or something else, the molecules return to their original shape , giving off heat in the process.
Such chemically-based storage materials, known as Solar Thermal Fuels(STF), have been developed before. But those earlier efforts were designed to be used in liquid solutions and not able to make durable (耐用的) solid-state films. The new approach is the first based on a solid-state material, in this case a polymer, and the first based on inexpensive materials and widespread production technology.
（1）What is the main purpose of Paragraph 1?
A.To show the main idea of the passage.
B.To practice readers' imagination.
C.To interest readers in the passage.
D.To introduce a new kind of material.
（2）According to the passage, what can the polymer film do?
A.It can be made into window glass.
B.It can make necessary electricity.
C.It can store energy and release sunshine.
D.It can absorb sunshine and give off heat.
（3）According to the passage, what is STF based on?
A.The chemical reaction.
B.The movement of heat.
C.The form of electricity.
D.The physical reaction.
（4）What is the advantage of the molecular configuration?
A.It is less expensive.
B.It is very powerful.
C.It is easily available.
D.It is less changeable.
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新型材料，它可以通过自身吸热并储存热量，之后能够根据需要释放热。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段“Imagine your clothing could release enough heat to keep you warm and cozy, allowing you to stay comfortable in a cooler room. Or, picture a car windshield that stores the sun's energy and then releases it as heat to make the ice on the windshield disappear. ”想象一下你的衣服可以释放足够的热量让你温暖和舒适，让你可以在冰冷的房间里保持舒适。或者，再想象一下车的挡风玻璃可以储存太阳的能量，然后释放热量使挡风玻璃上的冰消失)可推测，本段以衣服和骑车挡风玻璃为例，提到了如果衣服能
够吸热和放热、汽车的挡风玻璃能够吸热和自动除冰那该是多么好的事，以此来吸引对着对本文的兴趣。故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“thanks to a new material that can store solar energy during the day and release it later as heat. This transparent polymer film could be applied to many different sur faces, such as window glass or clothing. ”多亏了这种能在白天吸热之后以热能形式释放的新型材料，这个透明的聚合物膜可以应用于许多不同的表面，如窗户玻璃或服装)可知，这种聚合物膜可以吸热，此后再以热能的形式释放出来。故选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Such chemically-based storage materials, known as Solar Thermal Fuels(STF), have been developed before. ”这种以化学反应为基础的储存材料，即太阳能热燃料(STF)，以前就已经被开发出来了，可知，STF是以化学反应为基础。故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“But heat will disappear over time no matter how good the material around it is, so the team set up a chemical storage system that can keep the energy in a stable molecular co nfiguration. ”但是热量会随着时间的推移而消失，不管周围的物质有多好，所以研究小组建立了一个化学储存系统，可以将能量保持在一个稳定的分子结构中)可推断，这种分子结构的优势是相对稳定。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
Learning, Fast and Deep
Over the past five years researchers in artificial intelligence have become the rock stars of the technology world. A branch of AI known as deep learning, which uses neural(神经的) networks to scan through large volumes of data looking for patterns, has proven so useful that skilled practitioners can command high six-figure salaries to build software for Amazon, Apple, Facebook and Google.
The standard route into these jobs has been a PhD in computer science from one of America's top universities. Earning one takes years and requires a personality suited to academia, which is rare among more normal folk.
That is changing.
Last month fast.ai, a non-profit education organization based in San Francisco, kicked off the third year of its course in deep learning. Since its foundation it has attracted more than 100, 000 students around the globe from India to Nigeria. The course and others like it, come with a simple idea: there is no need to spend years obtaining a PhD in order to practise deep learning.
Creating software that learns can be taught as a craft, not as a high intellectual pursuit to be undertaken only in an ivory tower. Fast. ai's course can be completed in just seven weeks.
To make it accessible to anyone who wants to learn how to build AI software is the aim of Jeremy Howard, who founded fast.ai with Rachel Thomas, a mathematician. He says school mathematics is sufficient. "No. Greek. Letters," Mr. Howard intones, pounding the table with his
fist for punctuation.
Some experts worry that this will serve only to create a flood of unreliable AI systems which
will be useless at best and dangerous at worst. In the earliest days of the Internet, only a select few nerds, namely computer holies with specific skills, could build applications. Not many people used them. Then the invention of the World Wide Web led to an explosion of web pages, both good and bad. But it was only by opening up to all that the Internet gave birth to online shopping, instant global communications and search. If Mr. Howard and others have their way, making the development of AI software easier will bring forth a new crop of fruit of a different kind.
（1）What can we learn about deep learning?
A. It replaces artificial intelligence.
B. It attracts rock stars to practice.
C. It scans patterns for large companies.
D. It helps technicians to create software.
（2）Fast. ai is an organization that .
A. ensures one to obtain a PhD
B. teaches craft in ivory tower
C. offers a course in deep learning
D. requires weeks to apply
（3）The underlined words "No. Greek. Letters"in Paragraph 5 means doing fast.ai course is .
A. easy
B. difficult
C. interesting
D. boring
（4）It can be inferred from the last paragraph that .
A. it is quite reliable for anyone to grasp artificial intelligence
B. the Internet has brought forth a flood of useless AI systems
C. opening up to all leads to instant global search and online shopping
D. simplifying software development may result in unexpected outcomes
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，人工智能的深度学习被证明很有用，霍华德和数学
家托马斯一起创办的非营利性教育机构致力于让深度学习变得简单。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”A branch of AI known as deep learning, which uses neural networks to scan through large volumes of data looking for patterns…build software for Amazon, Apple, Facebook and Google.“可知AI技术的一个分支、运用神经网络处理大量数据
并从中寻找模式的"深度学习"被证明非常有用，亚马逊、苹果、Facebook和谷歌愿意开出
六位数高薪，聘请熟练的专业人员编写软件。这说明深度学习能帮助编写软件，故选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的”Last month fast. ai, a non-profit education organization based in San Francisco, kicked off the third year of its course in deep learning.“可知。上月，位
于旧金山的非营利性教育机构fast.ai 进入了它开办深度学习课程的第三年。也就是说fast.
ai是一个提供深度学习课程的组织，故选C。
（3）考查句义猜测。根据五段中的”To make it accessible to anyone who wants to learn …He says school mathematics is sufficient.“可知让深度学习不再神秘是杰里米·霍华德的目标，为此，他和数学家雷切尔·托马斯一起创立了fast.ai，让任何想学习编写AI软件的人都能学习这门技术。霍华德说有中学数学知识就足够了。这说明fast.ai的课程很简单，仅需要中学数学知识。因此霍华德说"No. Greek. Letters”没有，希腊，字母“是想说fast, ai的深度学习课程很简单。故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”If Mr Howard and others have their way, making the development of AI software easier will bring forth a new crop of fruit of a different kind. “如果霍华德和其他人如愿以偿，那么让AI软件开发变得更容易将会催生出一批新的不同的果实。由此推断简化软件开发可能会导致意料之外的结果。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．阅读理解
On February 6, Space X, a private US aerospace company owned by Elon Musk, has successfully launched its new Falcon Heavy spacecraft, making it the world's most powerful rocket.
Falcon Heavy is the largest rocket since the retirement of NASA's Saturn V, which was used for the Moon missions in the 1970s. “Falcon Heavy can launch about 64 tonnes into low Earth orbit-that's almost three times more than the current running biggest launch vehicle, Delta IV Heavy, ”Imperial College astrophysicist David Clements told AI Jazeera. According to Space X, Falcon Heavy can lift into orbit a mass greater than a 737 jet loaded with passengers, crew, luggage and fuel.
The rocket was designed with the idea of earning humans into space and opening the possibility of flying missions with people to the Moon and even Mars. For its first voyage, it carried Musk's $ 100,000 cherry-red Tesla sports car and a fake space-suited human model fixed in the driver's seat. Musk joked that “it may be discovered by some future alien race”.
Falcon Heavy went into space on its last flight on February 6. The launch took place at NASA's Cape Canaveral Air Force Station and Kennedy Space Center in the US state of Florida, the spot also used for the Apollo 11 Moon mission and several space shuttle launches. It was delayed by several hours because of high winds in the upper atmosphere. Minutes after take-off, the two outer boosters (助推器) landed at the nearby Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.
Space X announced plans to eventually use Falcon Heavy to launch two paying space tourists on a trip around the Moon. However, Musk said he will probably reserve that mission for another launch system, the BFR. Recently, Space X scheduled to launch a Falcon 9 rocket for NASA's TESS mission on March 20, 2018. It is reported that Space X is scheduled to complete 30 independent launch missions in 2018, at least half of which will use Falcon 9.
（1）Which of the following can function as a rocket?
A. A 737 jet.
B. Tesla.
C. Saturn V.
D. Space X.
（2）What do we know about Falcon Heavy from the text?
A. It was the latest rocket in the world.
B. It is of the same load as a 737 jet.
C. It is to be found by the creatures in the outer space.
D. It was launched at the same place for the Apollo 11 mission.
（3）What delayed the launch of Falcon Heavy?
A. Weather condition.
B. Program error.
C. Equipment failure.
D. Deliberate damage.（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. The BFR will be completed in 2018.
B. The vehicle to launch space tourists is unknown.
C. Tourists will be sent into space by Falcon 9.
D. Falcon 9 will take 15 launch missions.
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】这是一篇时文报道类文章。2月6日，伊隆·马斯克的私人航天航空公司Space X成功的发射了猎鹰号重型航天器，使得它成为世界上最强大的火箭。文章介绍了猎鹰号重型航天器的具体情况。
（1）推理判断题。由第二段中的“Falcon Heavy is the largest rocket since the retirement of NASA's Saturn V”可知，Falcon Heavy是Saturn V退役之后的最大的火箭。由此可推知，Saturn V曾经是最大的火箭。故C选项正确。
（2）细节理解题。由第四段中的“The launch took place at NASA's Cape Canaveral Air Force Station and Kennedy Space Center in the US state of Florida, the spot also used for the Apollo 11 Moon mission and several space shuttle launches”可知，发射Falcon Heavy是在佛罗里达州的卡纳维拉尔角空军基地和肯尼迪航天中心。该地也被用来执行阿波罗11号的登月任务。结合选项，D选项正确。
（3）细节理解题。由第四段中的“It was delayed by several hours because of high winds in the upper atmosphere”可知，因为天气原因导致它延迟发射。故A选项正确。
（4）推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Space X announced plans to eventually use Falcon Heavy to launch two paying space tourists on a trip around the Moon. However, Musk said he will probably reserve that m ission for another launch system, the BFR”可知，Space X宣布最终使用Falcon Heavy将两位付费的游客送入太空进行环月旅游。但是，Musk又说有可能将该任务留给BFR来执行。由此可以推知，到底谁来执行该任务还不确定。故B选项正确。
【点评】阅读理解推理判断题解题技巧：推断题是考查学生透过文章表面的文字信息进行分析、综合、归纳等逻辑推理的能力。推理和判断必须以事实为依据，切莫主观臆断。
①那些文章中直接陈述的内容不能选，要选择根据文章推理出来的选项。
②推理不是凭空猜测，而是立足已知推断未知；作出正确答案时一定要在文中找到依据或理由。
③要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。不能以自己的观点代替作者的想法；不要脱离原文主观臆断。
5．阅读理解
Exhibitions in the British Museum
Hokusai: beyond the Great Wave
Katsushika Hokusai (1760-1849) is widely regarded as one of Japan's most famous and influential artists.He produced works of astonishing quality right up until his death at the age of 90.This new exhibition will lead you on an artistic journey through the last 30 years of Hokusai's life—a time when he produced some of his most memorable masterpieces.
25 May—13 August 2017
Room 35
Adults￡12,Members/under 16s free
Places of the mind: British watercolour landscapes 1850-1950
Drawn from the British Museum's rich collection,this is the first exhibition devoted to landscape drawings and watercolours by British artists in the Victorian and modern eras—two halves of very different centuries.
23 February—27 August 2017
Room 90
Free, just drop in
Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia
This major exhibition explores the story of the Scythians—nomadic tribes and masters of mounted warfare, who flourished between 900 and 200 BC. Their encounters with the Greeks, Assyrians and Persians were written into history but for centuries all trace of their culture was lost—buried beneath the ice.
14 September 2017—14 January 2018
Room 30
Adults￡16.50,Members/under 16s free
Politics and paradise: Indian popular prints from the Moscatelli Gift
This display is part of the Museum's contribution to the India-UK Year of Culture 2017.It looks at the popular print culture of India from the 1880s until the 1950s.
19 July—3 September 2017
Room 90a
Free,just drop in
（1）If you are interested in drawings of natural scenery, you will probably go to______. A. Room 35 B. Room 90 C. Room 30 D. Room 90a
（2）Which exhibition can you attend in October 2017?
A. Hokusai: beyond the Great Wave.
B. Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia.
C. Places of the mind: British watercolour landscapes 1850-1950.
D. Politics and paradise: Indian popular prints from the Moscatelli Gift.
（3）Where can we most probably find the passage?
A. In a health report.
B. In a story book.
C. In a parenting magazine.
D. In a tour guide.
【答案】（1）B
（2）B
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个不同的展览，分别是日本艺术家的杰作，英国水彩风景，希腊历史探索和印度印刷文化。
（1）考查细节理解。根据 Places of the mind: British watercolour landscapes 1850-1950部分中的“this is the first exhibition devoted to landscape drawings and watercolours”以及下段的“Room 90”可知，这幅作品是关于自然风光的，在90房间。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia部分中的“14 September 2017—14 January 2018”，可知在2017年十月份可以去参观“Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia”这幅作品。故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据短文是对博物馆里的艺术品的介绍，可知这篇文章可能出现在导游杂志里。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
6．阅读理解
About aspirin:
Aspirin is a commonly used drug which can be taken to relieve discomfort caused by numerous medical problems including headaches, toothache, inflammation and infections. It is also suitable to treat colds and flu-like symptoms, and to reduce a high temperature.
Who can take aspirin?
Adults and children over 16 years of age.
Who should not take aspirin?
Women who are pregnant, or plan to become pregnant. Aspirin may harm your unborn baby. Women who are breast-feeding. Aspirin can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby. People who have any problems with the way the liver works or with the way the kidneys work. How to take aspirin:
Take aspirin after meals, with a full glass of water or milk.
The recommended dose (剂量) ranges from two to three tablets at a time. Never take more than 4g 12 tablets) in any 24 -hour period.
You must not take these tablets with any other medicine which contains any aspirin or painkiller.
How to store aspirin:
Keep all medicines out of the reach and sight of children.
Store aspirin in a cool, dry place, away from direct heat and light.
Do not put aspirin in the bathroom because the dampness there can cause it to lose its effectiveness.
Throw away aspirin that smells strongly of vinegar.
Possible side effects:
Feeling sick, increased risk of bleeding, stomach pain, indigestion and heartburn are common. If these effects continue, contact your doctor.
Ringing in the ears, difficulty breathing, dizziness, and mental confusion are rare. If these occur, stop taking the drug and contact your doctor for further advice.
（1）In which case will you take aspirin according to the text?
A. Stomachache.
B. Fever.
C. Breathlessness.
D. Nosebleed.（2）How many times can you take aspirin at most in a day?
A. 6.
B. 5.
C. 4.
D. 3.
（3）What type of writing is this text?
A. A hospital announcement.
B. A medical report.
C. A doctor's suggestions list.
D. Medical instructions.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍阿司匹林的作用和注意事项。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“It is also suitable to treat colds and flu-like symptoms, and to red uce a high temperature.”可知，阿司匹林可以退烧，故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The recommended dose (剂量) ranges from two to three tablets at a time. Never take more than 4g 12 tablets in any 24 -hour period.”可知，每次2-3片，一天不能超过12片，最多六次，故选A。
（3）考查主旨大意。本文属于说明文，介绍阿司匹林的作用和注意事项，因而是一篇药物使用说明书，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇药物使用说明书，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。
7．阅读理解
Many animals recognize their food because they see it. So do humans. When you see an apple or apiece of chocolate you know that these are things you can eat. You can also use other senses when you choose your food. You may like it because it smells good or because it tastes good. You may dislike some types of food because they do not look, smell or taste very nice. Different animals use different senses to find and choose their food. A few animals depend on only one of their senses, while most animals use more than one sense.
Although there are many different types of food, some animals spend their lives eating only one type. The giant panda eats only one particular type of bamboo. Other animals eat only one type of food even when given the choice. A land of white butterfly will stay on the leaves of a cabbage, even though there are plenty of other vegetables in the garden. However, most animals have a more varied diet. The bear eats fruits and fish. The fox eats small animals, birds and fruits. The diet of these animals will be different depending on the season.
Humans have a very varied diet. We often eat food because we like it and not because it is good for us. In countries such as France and Britain, people eat foods with too much sugar. This makes them overweight, which is bad for their health. Eating too much red meat and animal products, such as butter, can also be bad for the health Choosing the right food, therefore, has become an area of study in modern life.
（1）We can infer from the text that humans and animals .
A. depend on one sense in choosing food
B. are not satisfied with their food
C. choose food in similar ways
D. eat entirely different food
（2）Which of the following eats only one type of food?
A. The white butterfly
B. The small bird.
C. The bear.
D. The fox.
（3）Certain animals change their choice of food when .
A. the season changes
B. the food color changes
C. they move to different places
D. they are attracted by different smells
（4）We can learn from the last paragraph that .
A. food is chosen for a good reason
B. French and British food is good
C. some people have few choices of food
D. some people care little about healthy diet
（5）Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Animals often use senses to eat their food.
B. Most animals have a more varied diet.
C. All animals spend their lives eating one type of food.
D. The diet of birds and fox will be the same depending on the season.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）A
（4）D
（5）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了动物和人选择食物的方法以及一些动物选择食物的偏向性。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Many animals recognize their food because they see it. So do humans.”可知动物和人类在选择食物的时候，使用的方法可能是相似的，故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“A land of white butterfly will stay on the leaves of a cabbage, even though there are plenty of other vegetables in the garden. ”可知，白蝴蝶只吃一种食物。故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The diet of these animals will be different depending on the season.”可知，有些动物的饮食会随着季节的变化而发生改变。故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“This makes them overweight, which is bad for their health Eating too much red meat and animal products, such as butter, can also be bad for the health Choosing the right food, therefore, has become an area of study in modern life. ”可知，吃太多的糖会让人超重，对身体健康不好，选择适当的食物在现代生活中已经成为一个研究领域。因此推断有些人不在乎健康的饮食。故选D。
（5）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“ However, most animals have a more varied diet.”可知，大多少动物饮食多样化。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
8．阅读理解
The Mokoko tribe (部落) lived on the wrong side of the island of two faces. The two sides,
separated by a great cliff (悬崖), were like night and day. The good side was watered by rivers and was filled with trees and abundant food, while on the wrong side there was hardly any water or plants, and wild beasts crowded together. The Mokoko had the misfortune of having always lived there, with no way to cross to the other side. Their life was hard and they lived in permanent terror of the beasts.
Along the edge of the cliff separating the two sides, a skinny but strong tree grew, with which they could build two poles. There was no doubt that the tribe would choose the great chief and doctor to use the poles. But when the two of them were given their chance to make the jump, they didn't dare to. They thought that the pole could break or it would not be long enough. They put so much energy into these thoughts that they gave in.
But into that tribe were born Nam and Ariki, a pair of young hearts. One day, they decided to take up the poles. Nobody stopped them, but everyone did try to discourage them, trying to present how dangerous the jumping was, using a thousand explanations.
"And what if what they say is true?" wondered the young Naru.
"Don't worry. I am a bit scared too, but it doesn't look so difficult," replied Ariki, ever determined.
"But if it goes wrong, it will be a terrible end," continued Naru, undecided.
"Perhaps the jump will go badly. But staying forever on this side of the island surely won't work out well either."
"You're right. Let's do it tomorrow."
And on the next day, Naru and Ariki jumped to the good side of the island. When taking up the poles, while feeling their desire, the fear hardly allowed them to breathe. And while flying through the air, helpless and without support, they felt that something must have gone wrong and death awaited them. But when they landed on the other side, they thought the jump really hadn't been so bad after all.
（1）What situation were the Mokoko faced with?
A. They lived a difficult life without fearing the beasts.
B. They suffered a lot due to the terrible environment.
C. They had easy access to the good side.
D. They were surrounded by trees and rivers.
（2）How did the chief and doctor feel when they were chosen?
A. Frightened.
B. Energetic.
C. Desperate.
D. Satisfied.
（3）What's the tribe members' reaction when Nam and Ariki decided to take up the poles?
A. The members desired to follow their steps.
B. The members tried to prevent the behaviour.
C. The members convinced them of the danger.
D. The members encouraged them to have a try.
（4）What can we infer about Naru and Ariki?
A. They overcame difficulty with courage and determination.
B. They felt relaxed in the whole process of making the jump.
C. They never doubted the difficulty in making the jump.
D. They hesitated to make the jump over and over again.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一个岛被大的悬崖分成完全不同的两部分，好的一面有水有树食物充足而另一面几乎没水没植物，野兽聚集。这个部落正好位于条件很恶劣的一面。讲述了Nam 和Ariki不畏艰险用勇气和决心克服了困难来到了岛的好的一面。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“The Mokoko tribe (部落) lived on the wrong side of the island of two faces. The two sides, separated by a great cliff (悬崖), were like night and day. ---The Mokoko had the misfortune of having always lived there, with no way to cross to the other side. Their life was hard and they lived in permanent terror of the beasts.”可知，由于可怕的环境他们遭受了很多。故选B。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“There was no doubt that the tribe would choose the great chief and doctor to use the poles. But when the two of them were given their chance to make the jump, they didn't dare to”可知，首领和医生被选上时他们感到害怕。故选A。（3）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“They thought that the pole could break or it would not be long enough. They put so much energy into t hese thoughts that they gave in.”可知，成员确信他们是危险的。故选C。
（4）考查推理判断。根据两个人的的对话“ And what if what they say is true?" wondered the young Naru. Don't worry I am a bit scared too, but it doesn't look so difficult, replied ariki, ever determined. "Perhaps the jump will go badly. But staying forever on this side of the island surely won't work out well either. "You're right. Let's do it tomorrow."和文章最后一句 But when they landed on the other side, they thought the jump really hadn't been so bad after all”可知,他们用勇气和决心克服了困难。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
9．阅读理解
On Broadway
Dear friends and community,
We are happy to introduce our new show, On Broadway.
This will be a night of the most entertaining, and thrilling Broadway Shows set on stage.
We would like to honor some of these world class acts in our spectacular show.
You will experience dramatic tangos (探戈), elegant waltzes (华尔兹), and much more.
This production will attract you with its creative dancing, exciting music, and beautiful costumes.
Date: February 20 - April 4, 4 - 6 pm
Admission: $20 presale/$25 on the door
Summer Camp
Our unique and fun summer camp features dancing, fitness, games and other activities.
While having a good time, campers can improve their body coordination (协调), balance, posture, and physical condition.
For the last day, we have planned a performance for family and friends to show everything we have learned during the camp.
Date: Monday July 9 - Friday July 13, 9 am - 12:30 pm
Children Ages 5 & Up
North Carolina Open
I am excited to invite you to attend the North Carolina Open, Charlotte's first NDCA recognized dance competition.
Located in the beautiful Ballantyne Resort, this is an event you won't forget. Take part in an elegant evening of dancing, then relax in the spa or get away for a round of golf.
Enjoy a full day of dancing with world-class judges and scholarship opportunities.
Date: September 21
Admission: $30
General Information: Yusimi Cruz, Phone: (704) 892-7000
Dance Center USA is turning 7 years old, so come and celebrate with us!
Anniversary Gala
Wine bar, appetizers (开胃菜), great music, and special performances by Dance Center students and professionals will be waiting for you.
Also, an award ceremony will be held to recognize the outstanding achievement of our students in the past year.
Date: Friday April 29, 8-10 pm
Party Admission: $15
（1）How much do you have to pay for a ticket to On Broadway if you book in advance?
A.$15
B.$20
C.$25
D.$30
（2）How do children benefit from the summer camp?
A.It helps strengthen their bodies.
B.It enables them to learn from famous dancers.
C.They gain useful camping skills.
D.They learn how to get on with their parents.
（3）Which event is available in April at a good price?
A.On Broadway
B.Summer Camp
C.North Carolina Open
D.Anniversary Gala
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个娱乐活动：百老汇音乐剧；夏令营；北卡罗来纳州的舞蹈公开赛以及一个周年庆典。
（1）考查细节理解。根据On Broadway部分中的“Admission: $20 presale”提前购票$20，可知，提前预定On Broadway的门票，只需要$20。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据Summer camp部分中的“While having a good time, campers can improve their body coordination (协调), balance, posture, and physical condition.”在玩得开心的同时，夏令营的参与者能够改善他们的身体协调性、平衡性、坐立的姿势以及身体状况，可知，参加夏令营能帮助同学们强壮身体。故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据On Broadway部分中的“ Date: February 20 - April 4, 4 - 6 pm”从2月20日持续到4月4日；Anniversary Gala部分中的“ Date: Friday April 29, 8-10 pm”4月29日晚上8点到10点，都可以在四月内观看。再根据On Broadway部分中的“ Admission: $20 presale/$25 on the door”提前预定$20，现场买票$25；以及Anniversary Gala部分中的“Party Admission: $15”$15，可知，Anniversary Gala的门票更便宜一些。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
10．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
These days, I walk down the steps leading toward the south end of the All England Club in Wimbledon, and still look for the Crow's Nest, a small green observation tower with an outer ladder that I used to climb on for a wide view of the grounds, but which has since been knocked down.
The Crow's Nest was a particularly useful point, because it allowed a tennis writer to keep track of the action on as many as 10 outside courts at a time. At days end, reporters from different nations would share notes on what they had observed all over the grounds.
Twenty-seven years later, the press room has touch screens that allow us to watch live videos from any court, and even go back to watch key moments in key matches long after they have finished. You could cover Wimbledon without leaving your seat. But that is a bit like spending all your time ordering room service and looking up fun facts on Wikipedia.
More than at any other tennis tournament, there is also an appetite for stories that deal with the setting, the history and the traditions.
If they change the price of the fish tacos (鱼肉卷饼) at the United States Open, it's not a story. If they change the price of the strawberries and cream, the signature treat at Wimbledon. It's time to email your editor using capital letters.
The new retractable (可伸缩的) roof was put in place in 2009. Until then, you always had to have a rainy-day story in your notebook because there were no guarantees any matches would be played. Now tennis is a sure thing on Centre Court, which has made tennis reporters a bit less creative. But at least it guarantees us daily access to the most atmospheric place in the sport.
So much has changed, but Centre Court remains true to its original spirit: more a theater than a stadium. Catching that feeling is part of covering Wimbledon, too.
（1）What did the author do on the Crow's Nest in the past?
A. He made friends with reporters.
B. He reported on tennis matches.
C. He appreciated the beautiful scenery.
D. He exchanged experiences with tennis players.（2）What does the author think of the new way of covering Wimbledon?
A. It lacks fun.
B. It is expensive
C. It is not convenient.
D. It is not quick enough （3）Why does the author mention strawberries and cream?
A. To compare popular foods.
B. To introduce the typical treat at Wimbledon.
C. To describe people's craze for traditional dishes.
D. To show the traditions of Wimbledon are an attraction.
（4）What difference does the new roof make?
A. Audiences have easier access to a tennis court.
B. There's less fun in watching Wimbledon indoors.
C. Reporters are struggling to find original material.
D. rainy-day stories about Wimbledon have become history.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）D
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者追忆对温网的报道。虽然发生了很大的变化，但中心球场仍然忠于它的原始精神：与其说是体育场，不如说是一座剧院。捕捉这种感觉也是报道温网的一部分。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The Crow’s Nest was a particularly useful point, because it allowed a tennis writer to keep track of the action on as many as 10 outside courts at a time. At days end, reporters from different nations would share notes on what they had observed all over the grounds.”可知，过去作者在the Crow’s Nest报道了网球比赛。故选B。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“You could cover Wimbledon without leaving your seat. But that is a bit like spending all your time ordering room service and looking up fun facts on Wikipedia.”可知，作者认为报道温网的新方式缺乏乐趣。故选A。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“If they change the price of the strawberries and cream, the signature treat at Wimbledon. It’s time to email your editor using capital letters.”可知，作者提到草莓和奶油是为了展示温布尔登的传统是一种吸引。故选D。
（4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“The new retractable (可伸缩的) roof was put in place in 2009. Until then, you always had to have a rainy-day story in your notebook because there were no guarant ees any matches would be played.”可知，新屋顶使关于温布尔登的雨天故事已经成为历史。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
11．阅读理解
Japan has made a lot of noise in recent years about removing the traditional view that women should stay at home while men go out to work. So it was shocking when, on August 7th, Tokyo
Medical University (TMU), a distinguished medical school, admitted marking down the test scores of female applicants to keep the ratio of women in each class below 30%.
Their defence was that women are more likely to drop out to marry and have children. To judge female applicants to medical school purely on their academic performance would leave Japan with a shortage of doctors, they said. The admission has caused outrage.
"Doctoring has long been a male field. But it is not the only one. Discrimination is common in banks and trading firms, where stamina (耐力) and loyalty, qualities somehow associated with men, are prized," says Mari Miura, a political scientist at Sophia University. All this embarrasses a government that has promised to make women "shine". The policy seems based on the need for more workers rather than on genuine concern for women.
Shinzo Abe, the prime minister, says he wants to bring millions more women into the workforce to make up for a labour shortfall caused by its ageing and declining population. In the field of politics, the record under Mr. Abe's premiership (首相任期) is disappointing. Just two members of his 20-strong cabinet are women, including Seiko Noda, in charge of women's rights. Ms. Noda, who makes little secret of her ambition to beat Mr. Abe in a leadership contest next month, has just published a book called "Grab the Future", her public declaration for pulling Japan into line with "global standards". She has almost no chance of winning.
（1）According to the passage, what has aroused the public's shock and rage in Japan? A. Women being more likely to drop out of school to marry and have children. B. TMU judging female applicants to medical school merely on their test score.
C. TMU putting a lower grade on female applicants to keep a low percentage of women in each class.
D. Japan tending to abandon the traditional view that women should stay at home while men go out to work.
（2）What do we know about Seiko Noda?
A. She is quite likely to win the leadership contest.
B. She never fails to show her ambition in public.
C. She is the only female member in Abe's cabinet.
D. Her newly released book "Grab the Future" is a bit hit.
（3）What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Doctoring has long been a male field in Japan.
B. Professions like banking and trading are tailored to men.
C. Shinzo Abe performed poorly in dealing with labour shortfall.
D. Discrimination against women in careers in Japan is a big concern.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了最近的日本尤其是医药大学对女性性别的歧视，使社会一片哗然，这一性别歧视现象让日本政府陷入窘境。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“So it was shocking when, on August 7th, Tokyo Medical University (TMU), a distinguished medical school, admitted marking down the test scores of female applicants to keep the ratio of women in each class below 30%.” 在 8 月 7 日，当声望卓
著的医学院——东京医科大学承认压低了女性申请者的考试分数，以将每个班级中女生的比例维持在 30%以下时，社会一片哗然。故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Ms. N oda, who makes little secret of her ambition to beat Mr. Abe in a leadership contest next month, has just published a book called ‘Grab the Future’, her public declaration for pulling Japan into line with ‘global standards’”可知，野田毫不掩饰她在下个月的竞选中击败安倍的野心。她刚刚还出版了一本名为《抓住未来》的书，根据她的言行可知，她在公众场合表达自己的雄心，故选B。
（3）考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文主要叙述了最近日本尤其是医药大学对女性性别的歧视，使社会一片哗然，这一性别歧视现象让日本政府陷入窘境，出现了很大的问题。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
12．阅读理解
Just a few years out of law school, I decided that I wanted to write fictions. The only thing I had ever published before was a law-review article. I had made great efforts to write when I came home at night after work, but I was too tired. I decided to quit my job.
I began my new life on a February morning. I sat down at my kitchen table at 7:30 am and made a resolution. Every day I would write until lunchtime. Then I would lie down on the floor for 20 minutes to rest my mind. After that, I would return to work for a few more hours.
In my first year, I sold two stories. Then I wrote a novel, but I thought it wasn't good enough, so I ended up putting it in a drawer. My second novel, Billy Lynn's Long Halftime Walk, was published to glowing reviews and received the National Book Critics Circle Award for fiction.
My success sounds like a familiar story, but actually it was far from sudden. I quit my job, and for every story I published in those years, I had at least 30 rejections. The novel that I put away in the drawer took my four years. My breakthrough came in 2006, 18 years after I first sat down to write at my kitchen table.
Sometimes genius (天才) is just the thing that comes out after 20 years of working at your kitchen. Also, doing something truly creative requires the energy of youth. Orson Welles made his masterpiece, Citizen Kan, at 25. T. S. Eliot wrote The Love Song of J. Afred Prufrock at 23.
（1）When did the author decide to devote himself to writing fictions?
A. When he was tired from his work.
B. Straight after graduation from law school.
C. On being informed his law-review article came out.
D. When his hobby was disturbed by his work.
（2）We can infer from the second paragraph that the author .
A. led a wealthy life
B. arranged his life reasonably
C. was too diligent to relax himself
D. remained single
（3）What does the author mainly intend to tell us in this passage?
A. Failure is the mother of success.
B. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
C. It is never too old to learn.
D. It is the first step that costs troublesome.
（4）Why did the author give the example of Orson Welles and T. S. Eliot?
A. To make a comparison between them and himself.
B. To show creativity needs energy and efforts.
C. To persuade the readers of their great talents.
D. To recommend their two masterpieces.【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过讲述自己成功的经历，进一步证实了“失败是成功之母”的道理。
(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“I had made great efforts to write when I came home at night after work, but I was too tired. I decided to quit my job.”可知，当他的爱好被他的工作打扰时，作者决定投身于写作小说。故选D。
(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“I began my new life on a February morning. I sat down at my kitchen table at 7:30 am and made a resolution. Every day I would write until lunchtime. Then I would lie down on the floor for 20 minutes to rest my mind. After that, I would return to work for a few more hours.”可知，我们可以从第二段推断出作者合理安排了他的生活。故选B。
(3)考查目的意图。根据第四段中的“My success sounds like a familiar story, but actually it was far from sudden. I quit my job, and for every story I published in those years, I had at least 30 rejections. The novel that I put away in the drawer took my four years. My breakthrough came in 2006, 18 years after I first sat down to write at my kitchen table.”可推知，失败是成功之母。故选A。
(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Sometimes genius (天才) is just the thing that comes out after 20 years of working at your kitchen. Also, doing something truly creative requires the energy of youth. Orson Welles made his masterpiece, Citizen Kan, at 25. T. S. Eliot wrote The Love Song of J. Afred Prufrock at 23.”可知，作者引用Orson Welles and T. S. Eliot的例子是为了要表现出创造力需要能量和努力。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和目的意图三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。
13．阅读理解
Durian(榴莲) is probably the smelliest fruit in the world, letting out an unusual unpleasant smell which would make anyone bring up. However, nobody was aware of what gave this fruit its unique smell, so a team of researchers from Singapore decided to take a look at its genome (基因组) and find out,
Durian is well-known throughout Southeast Asia as the king of fruits, mostly because of its awful appearance and smell. However, the origin of this unpleasant smell was unknown, so researchers decided to map the genome of the fruit, and find the gene that controlled it. A group of genes, volatile sulfur compounds (含硫化合物), became very active in the fruit, and they were
found responsible for resulting in the unpleasant smell.
The fruit confuses everyone with a sulfuric smell, like rotten onions and ingredients. The smell lasts long, mostly because the fruit contains more volatile sulfur compounds. Other species usually benefit from two gene copies at most, but durian has four, leading to the striking smell.
However, this smell might be an advantage for durian in the wild. Although we find it unpleasant, many animals might be attracted by it. If they eat the fruit, then they can easily spread its seeds everywhere, thus contributing to the distribution of the species.
The mapping of the durian genome also showed some other information on the species. First of all, the fruit has an impressive number of genes, namely 46,000. Also, with the help of these genes, they saw how it evolved, and discovered it was related to the cacao tree. All the other discoveries have been published in the journal Nature Genetics.
Despite the striking smell, many people actually enjoy eating the fruit. However, not all durian species are edible, and some of them may even cause damage to our health, Even so, the fruit is often imported, significantly contributing to the economy.
（1）What give durian its unique smell?
A. Onions nearby.
B. Two gene copies.
C. Rotten ingredients in it.
D. Volatile sulfur compounds.
（2）What does the underlined word “evolved” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. Developed.
B. Escaped.
C. Predicted.
D. Tolerated.
（3）What can we infer from the text?
A. No birds enjoy eating durian.
B. Durian can be planted all over the world.
C. Some of durian species can not be eaten.
D. Durian has no relationship with the cacao tree.
（4）What's the best title for the text?
A. What's Durian?
B. The Influence of the Smell
C. The Distribution of Durian
D. The Mystery of the Unpleasant Smell of Durian 【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，新加坡的研究者找出导致水果有难闻气味的原因就是水果中含有的挥发性硫化合物非常活跃，这种气味对于野外生存榴莲来说有利于吸引动物来吃这种水果，同时传播种子。
(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“so researchers decided to map the genome of the fruit, and find the gene that controlled it. A group of genes, volatile sulfur compounds (含硫化合物), became very active in the fruit, and they were found responsible for resulting in the unpleasant smell.”可知，研究人员找到一组基因——挥发性硫化合物（South-Type），在水果中非常活跃，发现是它们导致了这种难闻的气味。故选D。
(2)考查词义猜测。根据倒数第二段内容可知，研究者画出了榴莲的基因图。通过基因图，发现了这种水果的基因庞大，有46000条基因。在这些基因的帮助下，他们了解了榴莲的基因如何演变的，并发现榴莲与可可树有关。A项develop“使进化”，与划线词evolved 是
（一）阅读是获得更综合、更复杂、更精确信息的必要手段，考生在做阅读理解时，不仅要看懂文章的字面意思，还需要针对不同题材和体裁的篇目运用不同的方法作出正确的选择。一般来说，词汇、阅读速度和理解能力是阅读理解中三个最重要且有相互联系的因素。 阅读的方法可以使用以下几种： 1.跳读：就是快速的一步阅读法。实际上是有选择阅读，找关键词。用这种阅读方法回答who、what、when、where之类的问题最为有效。 2.略读：指比跳读慢些的二步阅读法。即泛泛地、粗略地快速阅读，目的是了解大意，对文章有个总的概念。此种阅读方法能回答why、how之类的问题。 3.精读：即最细致、最慢的深层阅读方法，目的是求得对所读文章的全部意义的理解与掌握。 在使用阅读技巧时尽量做到以下几点： 1.带着问题阅读短文。 2.找出主题句、确定中心思想。 3.推断单词、句子和文章的含义。 4.尽快选择答案。 （二）不同体裁文章的特点及解题技巧 1.记叙文 记叙文又可分传记类和故事类。传记类文章在阅读中时间是全文的关键，根据时间我们可以找到相关的事件，抓住文章的主要内容。故事类文章情节性较强，阅读时要注意故事中的时间、地点、人物和发生的事件，这些都是文章中的主要内容和信息，对于准确理解文章十分重要。 2.说明文 说明文是对事物的形状、性质、特征、成果或功用等进行介绍，解释或阐述的文章。把握所说明事物的特征和本质是理解说明文的关键。说明事物特征的方法很多，主要有定义法、解释法、比较法、比喻法、数字法、图表法、引用法和举例法等。 ●数字说明文 在阅读数字说明文时要特别注意文中数字的含义，从这些数字中可以找到文章的主要内容。 ●解释说明文
高考英语阅读理解——出题与解题方法（杨老师） 应用文（抓题干）广告、通知记叙文（划时、人、事）说明文（找主题句）特点：分值重，知识广，篇幅大，用时多。题型上主要有细节题、推理题、主旨题、猜词题等。 开卷准备：九字真诀不要怕，划一划（划主题，难句，划核心词），X一X（答题时） 一、细节理解题（标记定位法） 一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。此类题型一般分两种。第一种是直接理解题(细1)，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二种是词义转换题(细2)，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案切不可望文生义。特别注意句子的逻辑关系。如：表因果的because, since, as等；表转折的but, however ,on the contrary, on the other hand等等。 二、推理判断题（用细节推） 考查考生根据已知信息做出合理的推断或判断，包括要求考生体会作者的态度、观点、意图等。常用提问方式有：We can infer/learn from the（last） paragraph that. It can be concluded from the passage that. The passage implies/suggests that. What can be concluded from the passage? The author's purpose of writing the passage is.这需要学生读懂原文，完全理解文中的细节信息，对其进行分析、推算，从而得出正确的结论。 三、语义猜测题（构词法、语境法） 要注意从以下三个方面着手： 1）标点符号或同位语部分，and或or猜 2）根据对比、因果关系猜 but，however，yet，otherwise，though这些表转折，because, since与as是连接原因状语从句的从属连词， 3）根据构词法知识猜测词义：UN- IN- IM-- dis mis 派生，合成，转化，缩略，知道词根和前缀或后缀的意义，就可猜出组成的新词词义。 Because you can’t see or even hear the person, it would be easy for someone to misrepresent himself/herself. 四、主旨大意题（重点）哪怕没读懂全文，懂了中心句，一样能做对题 （寻找主题句）文章主题与段落主题 一般来说，文章主题都在第一段或最后一段表明。某一段的主题句也常出现在段首或段尾，而且常有一些表归纳关系的信号词，如in short, In a word, in brief, to sum up, to conclude等。 其常用提问方式主要有：What is the main idea/topic of the passage? The central point of the selection is that. The author is mainly concerned with. The passages mainly about等。
（英语）高三英语阅读理解解析版汇编 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 In America, parents tend to encourage their children to develop their potential (潜能) to the fullest extent. Fathers and mothers frequently teach their children both ambition and the confidence necessary to work toward their goals. American parents are always active in concentrating on what their kids can do, not what they can't. As a result, millions of American boys and girls grow up hoping to become actors and athletes, diplomats and doctors. Many of them even want to become president. American parents often encourage their children to become involved in extra activities of all types at school, such as student government, sports and music. They believe that only through taking part in these activities can their children become mature young adults. As we all know, school work is important. But parents should realize that the social skills their children learn from natural conversations with each other are as important as schoolwork and the skills they will need in the future work. What's more important in their work is that their children should have a sound knowledge of physics or the ability to communicate effectively. As a rule, Chinese parents don't educate their children about the same kind of ambition and confidence as Americans do, nor do they encourage the same level of participation in extra activities. Children are typically advised to study hard and pass exams. They have to spend a lot of time in doing much schoolwork every day. It is a great waste of time to do so. Now more and more Chinese parents have recognized that they should pay attention to developing the potential of their children. I hope that leaders in Chinese educational circles should take some measures to develop the potential of their children. I am very confident about it. （1）From the passage, we know the American parents pay much more attention to . A. the social skills than Chinese parents B. their children's studying hard and well C. what their children want but they can't D. extra activities than schoolwork （2）According to the passage, Chinese parents . A. know more than American parents to educate their children B. owning ambition and confidence is necessary and important C. pay much more attention to their children's fine future D. don't encourage their children to participate in extra activities （3）From the passage, we can infer . A. American children are brave and adventurous B. American children are more active in their studies C. Chinese children have the ability to communicate effectively D. something should be done to develop the potential of the children in China （4）What's the writer's attitude towards Chinese education reform? A. Neutral. B. Indifferent. C. Positive. D. Negative. 【答案】（1）A
I watched from a distance as the homeless man quarreled with those who did not leave money for him – the majority. I walked up to him and right on queue he asked me for a quarter. ―I’ll give you a quarter if you tell me your story.‖ He laughed, ―You’ll give me a quarter for my story?‖ I lay the quarter in front of him and corrected myself –―Nah, here’s the quarter but it would be nice to hear your story.‖ I followed his eyes to the quarter and for a brief moment I saw a glimmer of reflection. I sat down next to him and waited. ―I was in the army,‖ he said. ―I was a sniper(狙击手)and was supposed to shoot down the enemy from the distance.‖ I listened carefully to his grizzly voice as he went deeper into the story. He wore dirty old torn clothes and smelled like a dead rat left in a mouse trap. He told me how he used to hunt with his family and was really good at it. He had his own way of respecting animals by not wasting what he killed for food and not killing more than he needed. When the army came knocking on his door, he felt pride and joined up. All those years of polishing his hunting skills could now serve a larger purpose—to defend us from the bad guys. He set out to fight in Iraq. It wasn’t long before he realized his ideals and expectations were just a shadow of the truth. He became disillusioned with the killings, which he felt were of innocent people. ―I was a sniper but I never really killed anyone,‖ he said. ―One day I had to do it. They asked me to shoot this lady from the distance. I saw kids near that lady and my hands were on the trigger (扳机). Man, I was tearing up ... I couldn’t do it. She wasn’t doing anything to anyone and she was with the kids—I couldn’t see through my tears. It just didn’t make any sense to me.‖ The story goes on as he describes eventually being put into prison for 180 days for refusing to follow orders. He told me how he was black listed so that he couldn’t get a job. All the rights we take for granted were taken away from him. Why? Here was a man who was being punished—and for what? For refusing to kill the lady? For being a hero? ―I have no regrets,‖ the homeless man said. ―I may be homeless now, but I never killed that lady. I never killed anyone in the army. It didn’t feel right. I didn’t go there to do that. I went there to save people.‖ He continued, ―I can live with being homeless—that’s okay. But I wouldn’t be able to live with killing innocent people.‖ On that lonely Friday night, I met a hero. It just never occurred to me that a hero could be a smelly old man left on streets. 1. It can be learned from the passage that the homeless man_______. （） A. never killed animals B. had a strong respect for life C. deserved the punishment he received D. felt guilty about disobeying the order
英语阅读理解技巧 阅读理解始终是外语学习和考试重点。 一．阅读理解的测试要点如下： 1．理解主旨大意； 2．寻读具体信息； 3．理解细节； 4．根据上下文提供的语境，推测生词词义，进而加深对文段的理解； 5．简单的判断和理解； 6．理解文段的基本逻辑结构； 7．理解作者的意图和态度； 8．理解文段的文化信息； 9．理解图表信息； 10．理解指代关系。 从高考命题的实际情况看，命题者常用下述方法提问： 1．What is the purpose of the text? 2．What does the author mainly tell US about in the passage? 3．What can we infer from the passage? 4．What can be inferred from the passage? 5．It can be concluded from the text that ? 6．What can we learn from the text? 7．What is the general idea/main idea of the text? 8. The passage mainly focuses on ? 9. What is the main subject discussed in the text? 10. It can be inferred from the passage that? 11. It can be inferred from the that the author seems to? 12. What is the best title of the text/for the article? 13. The best title for this passage is? 14. What can we infer from the last/the first two paragraphs? 15. The meaning of the word/sentence in Paragraph X is related to? 16. In Paragraph X, "X X X" can be replaced by?
高考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is gaining global popularity. According to a government white paper, TCM has been introduced in 183 countries and regions around the world. Westerners' understanding of TCM, however, may be limited to acupuncture, cupping and massage(针灸，拔罐和按摩). For instance, the purple, injury-like marks left on U. S. swimmer Michael Phelps，back from cupping for the purpose of relaxing his muscles and reducing pain became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in 2016. As a matter of fact, Chinese herbs play a more important role in getting rid of diseases and keeping the body in good condition in the TCM treatment system than physical treatment. It is therefore disheartening to know that while 103 World Health Organization member countries have given approval to the practice of acupuncture, not many recognize Chinese herbal medicine. TCM falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs. Herbs are made into pills, powder and soup, and the kind of herbs used, their quality and quantity, and the processing of the ingredients (原材料) jointly determine the effectiveness of the prescription. Compared with Western medicine, which has standardized drug production processes and treatment methods, TCM lacks standardization, with the chemical composition and functions of its medicines being unclear and their effects being unstable. Fortunately, standardization has improved in recent decades, with an increasing number of factories producing patented TCM drugs. Another factor that has prevented the development of TCM prescription drugs is the lack of creativity. While Western medicine-making companies come up with new products every year, TCM drug producers tend to make medicines according to prescriptions handed down from the past. Chinese chemist Tu Youyou's winning the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her research into malaria (疟疾) treatment may drive creativity to some extent in China's TCM industry. However, the current state of affairs cannot be changed within a short time. （1）Why does the author mention the example of Michael Phelps? A. Because he was injured in his swimming. B. Because cupping is a kind of important TCM treatment. C. Because westerners know a little about TCM. D. Because westerners attach great importance to TCM. （2）Why don't some member countries of WHO recognize Chinese herbal medicine? A. Because Chinese herbs can get rid of diseases. B. Because they only approve the practice of acupuncture. C. Because Western medicine is more effective. D. Because medicine made out of Chinese herbs develops slowly. （3）Compared with Western medicine, what is the weak point of TCM in Paragraph 4? A. The methods of planting herbs. B. The effectiveness of prescription. C. Lacking in standardization. D. Its stable functions.
阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是： 1．阅读材料，理解材料的主旨大意，以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节。2．既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念。 3．既理解文章的字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等。 4．既理解某句、某段的含义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理和判断。5．既能根据所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应具有的常识去理解判断。 根据这五项要求，我们可将阅读理解多项选择题归纳为以下几种题型：主题主旨大意，细节理解题，综合推理题，概括归纳题，观点归纳题，人物评价题，词义句义理解题，指代关系题，内容排序题等。 下面结合自己平时教学中的经验体会，谈一谈做英语阅读理解题的技巧与策略。 一．主旨大意题 阅读理解首先要做到的就是掌握所读材料的主旨和大意，它是全文的概括与总结。能否抓住这个中心，取决于读者的总结能力。每篇短文都有其主题思想，而作者表现主题思想的手法各不相同。这就需要我们挖掘相同点，寻找解题的方法。 常见题型： 1．主题型： What’s the main idea of this passage ? What does this passage mainly discuss? What’s the topic of this passage ? 2．标题型： What’s the best title? The best title for this text is (to tell ) ————. 3．目的型： The main purpose of this text is ————. The author’s purpose o f writing this text is to ————. What’s the main purpose of the passage?
高考英语阅读理解题解题技巧大全 一、四选一型阅读 高考阅读不同文体按照题型分类主要分为五大类：细节题、推理题、主旨大意题、词义句意猜测题、结构顺序题。 1、细节题解题技巧 细节题，顾名思义，就是指针对文章的某个细节而设置的试题。细节题的命题方法很多，如可能是对某个细节用同义结构转换后实行考查、也可能是将文章中的几个细节（通常是四个）放在一起要求考生判断是非（选出准确的一项或选出错误的一项）或对几个细节实行排序等。解答这类试题时，一个常用的方法就是使用定位法，即根据题干或选项中的线索词从原文中找到相关的句子，与选项实行比较从而确定答案（此时要特别注意一些常见的同义转换）。 现在围绕上述的定位理论，引申出几个小的技巧： （1）关键信息定位法。这个主要是细节题，如涉及到数字（日期、时间、价格等），就能够在文章中快速圈出数字，再找出目标数字及相对应的细节作息，还有人物姓名、地点名词等等，其他的还包括一些提示情节发展，或条纲性关键字眼，如First， Next， Finally等等。 As a young girl growing up in the 1930s， I always wanted to fly a plane， but back then it was almost unheard of for a woman to do that. I got a taste of that dream in 2020，when my husband arranged for me to ride in a hot air balloon for my birthday. （2020年高考英语北京A篇） What happened to the author in 2020？ A. She flew an airplane
高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 I was born on the 17th of November 1828, in the village of Nam Ping, which is about four miles southwest of the Portuguese Colony (殖民地) of Macao, and is located on Pedro Island lying west of Macao, from which it is separated by a channel of half a mile wide. As early as 1834, an English lady, Mrs. Gutzlaff, wife of a missionary to China, came to Macao. Supported by the Ladies' Association in London for the promotion of female education in India and the East, she immediately took up the work of starting a girls' school for Chinese girls, which was soon followed by the opening of a boys' school. Mrs. Gutzlaff's comprador(买办) happened to come from my village and was actually my father's friend and neighbor. It was through him that my parents heard about Mrs. Gutzlaff's school and it was doubtlessly through his influence and means that my father got me admitted into the school. It has always been a mystery to me why my parents should put me into a foreign school, instead of a traditional Confucian school, where my big brother was placed. Most certainly such a step would have been more suitable for Chinese public opinion, taste, and the wants of the country, than to allow me to attend an English school. Moreover, a Chinese belief is the only avenue in China that leads to political promotion, influence, power and wealth. I can only guess that as foreign communication with China was just beginning to grow, my parents hoped that it might be worthwhile to put one of their sons to learning English. In this way he might become an interpreter and have a more advantageous position to enter the business and diplomatic world. I am wondering if that influenced my parents to put me into Mrs. Gutzlaff's School. As to what other sequences it has eventually brought about in my later life, they were entirely left in the hands of God. （1）How was the author admitted to Mrs. Gutzlaff's school? A. Through his father's friend's help. B. Through his own efforts to exams. C. Through his father's request. D. Through Mrs. Gutzlaff's influence. （2）Why did the author's parents put him into an English school？ A. An English school was more influential. B. Foreign trade with China was developing fast. C. It met with Chinese public opinion. D. He could become a successful interpreter. （3）What did the author think of his parents' decision to put him into an English school? A. It was skeptical. B. It was mysterious. C. It was thoughtful. D. It was wonderful.【答案】（1）A （2）D （3）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，小时候父亲送作者去英语学校而不是中文学校，并分析了具体原因。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Mrs. Gutzlaff's comprador(买办) happened to come from my village and was actually my father's friend and neighbor. It was through him that my parents heard about Mrs. Gutzlaff's school”可知，作者是通过父亲朋友的帮助进入到Mrs.
高考英语阅读理解这5个核心技巧，拿高分 我已经记住了很多单词和短语，通常会攻克很多问题，并努力克服冗长而困难的句子。为什么仍然费时并犯很多错误？ 今天，我将与您分享阅读理解的秘诀，以便快速找到答案，供您参考！ 阅读理解5种解题技巧 1以意群为单位，成组视读 区分意群和巧妙地暂停不仅是背诵的关键，而且还是阅读的基本素质。英语阅读基于意群，而不是单词或短语。意群阅读是用眼睛进行扫描，而不是默默地看着每个单词，而是像探照灯一样根据意群进行分组扫描。该句子被视为一个整体结构，并且包含信息，不是单个词汇。 2首尾在心，紧扣中心 任何作者都有自己的写作意图，任何文章也都有自己的中心主题。为了检查考生对文章的理解和阅读水平，作者将不可避免地使用各种方法来比较作者的写作意图和 文章，考察的主题
一般来说，文章的主题通常在文章的开头和结尾表示，包括文章的开头和结尾段落以及每个段落的开头和结尾句子。为了快速掌握文章的中心，文本的第一和最后一个段落以及每个段落的第一和最后一个句子是最好的切入点，因此学生应该特别注意。 3学会跳读，心中有一幅画 阅读理解必须同时考虑森林和树木。有必要扫描全文并区分主要和次要内容。跳过可用于阅读全文并了解主要思想，也可用于搜索详细信息并锁定正在考查的信息-这样您就可以掌握整体而不会忽略细节。 跳读时，您不得借用母语翻译。例如，您可以通过情景想象，大纲列表，关键连接和图表来整理文章的上下文，以使文章的框架更加直观，可视化和具体化。 4请善于猜测单词的含义 允许所有类型的考试出现3％的超纲词汇，这些词汇通常会在文字中给出提示，考生可以根据上下文推断其含义。 例如，某些词会跟随它们的同位语并直接对其进行解释；某些单词（通常是名词）仅需要确定它是某种类型的事物，例如人的名字，地名，某种动物，植物等，而无需弄清具体含义; 某些新单词确实毫无头绪，也不太在乎，因为不知道一个或两个单词不会对理解本文造成障碍。如果您因为不知道新单词而感到恐慌，那么您将影响自己的发挥。
高考英语阅读理解解题方法 在阅读理解题上得分的多少很大程度上决定着高考英语的总成绩。而且,阅读量有逐渐扩大且阅读速度进一步提高的趋势;选题多种多样,涉及到社会经济、政治、文化、日常生活各个领域。 “阅读理解题”旨在全面检测考生从语段中获取有效信息的能力,依据对近些年的各省高考阅读理解题的分析、对比得知,从其设计和内容上看,可以归纳为以下几点:概括整个语段主旨大意以及事实和细节;能准确理解句子字面和深层含义;能准确理解具体的事实和抽象的概念。题型上主要有主旨大意题、词义猜测题、事实细节题、推理判断题等。 1.主旨大意题 任何一篇文章都有自己的中心思想,所以,文章通常是围绕该中心思想展开的。要领悟文章的中心思想,就要具备归纳和概括方面的能力,而这种能力又常是要考查的重点。很多文章在全文或各段的开头便展示出文章的中心思想,它主要通过主题句(Topic Sentence来体现。一般来说,文章的主题或中心都在第一段或最后一段表明。某一段的主题句也常出现在段首或段尾,而且常有一些表归纳关系的信号词,如in short, In a word, in brief, to sum up, to conclude等。其常用提问方式主要有:What is the main idea/topic of the passage? The central point of the se-lection is that. The author is mainly concerned with. The passages mainly about等。 2.语义猜测题 该题型主要测试考生利用上下文判断单词、词组或句子在特定语言环境中确切含义的能力。常见的提问方式有:The word“…”in the context means. The word“…”could be best replaced by… Which of the following is nearest meaning to? The word“…”probably refers to.这不仅需要学生准确理解上下文,还要掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。并通过构词、语法等线索确定词义。 3.细节理解题 该题型主要测试学生对文章(或某一段落中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的辨认能力,分直接辨认和间接辨认两种。直接辨认细节型一般只要求学生能从阅读材料中直接获取、记住信息,然后能快速地将他们回忆出来;而间接辨认型不仅要求读者能从阅读材料中直接获取信息,还要将获得的信息进行各种转换,为阅读材料中某些词汇、短语及句型等找到正确的英语释义。如排序、图文转换、数字转换、同义(反义转换等。常见的提问方式有:Which of the following is NOT included(mentionedin the passage? Which of the following sentences is NOT true? 4.推理判断题 这种题型主要考查考生根据已知信息做出合理的推断或判断的逻辑思维能力,包括要求考生体会作者的态度、观点、意图等。常用提问方式有:We can infer/learn from the(last paragraph that. It can be concluded from the passage that. The pas-sage
（英语）高考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Want to improve your writing skills? New Writing South is directing the way! Towner Writer Squad (班级) for kids aged 13-17 Led by comedy and TV writer, Marian Kilpatrick, Towner Writer Squad will meet once a month at the contemporary art museum for 11 months, starting 12 October, 2016. The FREE squad sessions will include introductions to a wide range of writing styles, from poetry to play writing and lyric (抒情诗) to flash fiction, to support the development of young writers. Application & Selection If you would like to apply to be part of the Towner Writer Squad, please send a sample piece of your writing (about 500 words), responding to the title "LUNCH", with your name, age, address and email address to: debo@https://www.doczj.com/doc/8414128143.html,. Once all applications are in, you will be invited to an open selection event on 17 September, 4-5pm, at the gallery of Towner. This will be an informal opportunity to meet the Squad Leader, Squad Associate and other young people. You will also have a chance to get to know the fantastic gallery space and get a taste of what's to come. Deadline for applications: 8 September, 2016 For further information go to: https://www.doczj.com/doc/8414128143.html,/toner or https://www.doczj.com/doc/8414128143.html, or https://www.doczj.com/doc/8414128143.html, Any questions –feel free to send your email to Towner Writer Squad Associate: wharne@https://www.doczj.com/doc/8414128143.html, Beginner Writing Project for kids aged 10-13 Due to popular demand, a writing project will be started for eager beginners. Start time: 6 September, 2016 Meet every other Saturday, 2-4pm, at the Towner Study Centre. Study and write at your own pace – you do not have to rush – as you have a year to go through the project. Practice under the guidance of some experienced writers and teachers who can help you with basic writing skills. Most importantly, build confidence and have fun while writing! No previous experience or special background is required. Many others have been successful this way. If they can do it, why can't you? Fee: ￡179 For more information go to: https://www.doczj.com/doc/8414128143.html, or https://www.doczj.com/doc/8414128143.html, （1）Towner Writer Squad will be started ________. A.to train comedy and TV writers B.to explore the fantastic gallery space C.to introduce a contemporary art museum D.to promote the development of young writers （2）To join the Writer Squad, each applicant should first _________. A.provide a piece of their writing