当前位置:文档之家› 2018届高三英语二轮复习试题:专题二第三讲 形容词和副词 练习 含解析

2018届高三英语二轮复习试题:专题二第三讲 形容词和副词 练习 含解析

2018届高三英语二轮复习试题:专题二第三讲 形容词和副词 练习 含解析
2018届高三英语二轮复习试题:专题二第三讲 形容词和副词 练习 含解析

第三讲形容词和副词

句子成分切莫忘

Ⅰ示之以范____________________________________________________原则这样运用1.(2017·浙江卷6月)But something made her look closer, and she noticed a ____________ (shine) object.

shiny/shining解析:根据空格后的object可知,此处应用形容词作定语,故填shiny或shining。

2.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been ____________ (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.

fairly解析:修饰形容词unpleasant应用副词。

3.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Instead, he hopes that his business will grow steady.__________________ __ steady→steadily解析:grow是谓语动词,故用副词修饰。

4.(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.____________________

seriously→serious解析:problem为名词,前面应用形容词修饰。

5.(2017·湖北武汉高三调考)There are plenty of jobs availably in the western part of the country.____________________

availably→available解析:修饰名词jobs应用形容词,availably是副词。

Ⅱ通关点击_________________________________________________________原则这样解读

(1)看到提示词作定语、表语或补足语,要想到用形容词;

(2)看到提示词修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子在句中作状语,要想到用副词;

(3)形容词作状语时,表示状态或结果。

(2017·山东高三下学期综合测试)Ron had a successful career and worked for Ford before retiring and leading a relaxed life.在退休过轻松日子之前,罗恩在福特公司工作,他的事业很成功。

Luckily, her stepmother was kind to her.

幸运的是,她的继母对她很好。

After the long journey, the three of them went back home, hungry and tired.

经过长时间旅行后,他们三个回到了家,又饿又累。

牢记几组易混形容词、副词

Ⅰ示之以范____________________________________________________原则这样运用

1.(2017·沈阳监测)Passing through several streets, we saw no one but only rubbish here and there. An hour later, I still couldn’t bear to keep my eyes ____________ (wide) open.

wide解析:考查副词。空处修饰形容词open,故用副词形式;wide本身就有副词词性,意为“完全地”。注意:此处不能填widely, widely主要表示距离远、范围大、地域广等。2.(2017·重庆西北狼教育联盟第一次联考)“God,help me!” I begged anxiously. “Is there someone who will be kind enough to stop and help me out?” ____________,there was no sign of anyone.

However解析:考查副词。空处前句表达作者想得到别人帮助的愿望,空后句意为“看不到任何人”,前后为转折关系且有逗号隔开,故用副词However。

3.(2017·沈阳监测)I received an ____________ (amaze) look because he thought I was crazy. A Chinese workmate joined me.

amazed解析:考查形容词。空处修饰名词“look”,形容人的表情,故用amazed。4.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Beside, they often get some useful information from the Internet.____________________

Beside→Besides解析:beside是介词,此处需要副词,故用besides,表示“除……之外(还)”。

5.(全国卷Ⅰ)Nearly five years before, and with the help of our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果) in our back garden.____________________

before→ago解析:before和一段时间连用常表示过去某时间之前;ago和一段时间连用则表示在多长时间之前。根据句意可知,指大约在五年前,故用ago。

6.(2016·浙江卷)When I was a very young child, my father created a regular practice I remember well years late.____________________

late→later解析:句意:当我还是个小孩子时,我爸爸创造一个定期的活动,这个活动我很多年之后依然记忆清晰。本句中混用了late与later,前者为形容词“迟到,迟做”或副词“迟,晚”,后者为副词“后来”。“一段时间+later”表示这段时间之后。7.(2017·湖北武昌区高三调考)In my opinion, success lies in a series of goals. However, we should remember to make our targets clear and spare no effort to realize our dreams.____________________

However→Therefore解析:上下文是因果关系,应用表示因果关系的副词。且句中有逗号与后面的句子分开,所以应用therefore。

8.(2017·合肥第一次质量检测)I had a great English teacher, Maggie. She let me know the importance of English. So I decided to learn English hardly.____________________

hardly→hard解析:考查副词。句意:因此我决定努力学习英语。hard意为“努力地”,hardly意为“几乎不”。根据句意可知,应用hard。

Ⅱ通关点击____________________________________________________原则这样解读

1.before, ago

(1)ago:常用于一般过去时,它所指的时间从现在算起。

(2)before:常用于过去完成时,它所指的时间从过去某一时刻算起。

2.late, later

(1)late adj.迟到的;ad v.迟,晚

(2)later (也是late的比较级) adj.后来的,以后的ad v.后来,以后

3.however, therefore

(1)however:副词,表示转折。

(2)therefore:副词,表示因果关系。

4.常见的易用错的形容词和副词

(1)以-ly结尾的形容词。如:friendly, lovely, lively, lonely, elderly, deadly等。

(2)意义有别的同根副词。如:

close靠近(通常指距离)closely密切地,仔细地

hard努力地,费力地hardly几乎不

most最,(程度上)最大,非常mostly一般地,主要地

(3)表示宽、高、深的副词都有两种形式,以-ly结尾的表示抽象意义,与形容词同形的表示具体意义。如:

wide宽地,widely广泛地,如:be widely known被广泛了解

high高地,highly高度地,如:think highly of评价高

deep深地,deeply深深地,如:be deeply moved被深深感动

5.-ed型形容词和-ing型形容词

解决此类问题有两个切入点:第一,看语境表示的是“令人……”(-ing),还是“感到……”(-ed);第二,看语境说明的是性质特征(-ing)还是感受(-ed)。

构词知识记端详

Ⅰ示之以范____________________________________________________原则这样运用1.(2017·浙江宁波十校联考)So his mother, who was ____________(will) to pay for his education, brought him home to look after the sheep.

unwilling解析:根据后面的“brought him home to look after the sheep”可知,此处表示“不愿意的”,故填unwilling。

2.(2017·湖北武汉高三调考)Floating on a pool of water at the base and looking up at the waterfall with a background of blue sky was one of the most ____________(relax) experiences of my life.

relaxing解析:名词前应用形容词作定语,此处修饰experiences,故用relaxing“令人放松

的”。

3.(2017·湖北华大联盟高三质检)It is probably one of the earliest and longest ____________(last) sports which uses both muscles and brain.

lasting解析:用在名词前应为定语,故用lasting“持续的”。

4.(2017·安徽师大附中测试)What a wonderful example these two elderly sisters were to me! I will always be ____________(thank) that I had the opportunity to know them.

thankful解析:考查形容词。be动词后一般跟形容词作表语,故此处用形容词形式。5.(2017·郑州第二次质量预测)This is also where friends and family gather to keep warm and talk at night. Sitting by the fire made me feel ____________(peace), and it was like I was experiencing the traditional Chinese way of life.

peaceful解析:考查形容词。该句中的“feel”为连系动词,后接形容词,此处表示“坐在炉火旁使我感到平静”。

6.(2017·新疆第二次适应性检测)There are many kinds of reference books available in the book market. A smart use of these books is certainly ____________(benefit), but the misuse and overuse of them may cause a lot of problems.

beneficial解析:考查形容词。此处应用形容词作系动词is的表语。

Ⅱ通关点击____________________________________________________原则这样解读1.形容词变副词的后缀

常见的动词、名词变形容词的后缀有:-able, -al, -ful, -ed, -ing, -ible, -ive, -ous, -some, -y, -ern, -ish等。

常见的表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀有:dis-,il-,im-,in-,ir-,mis-,un-,-less等。

前/后缀示例

il-legal adj.合法的→illegal adj.不合法的

in-convenient adj.方便的→inconvenient adj.不方便的

ir-regular adj.有规律的→irregular adj.没规律的

un-willing adj.乐意的→unwilling adj.不乐意的

-less useful adj.有用的→useless adj.无用的

考查比较等级

比较等级细思量

Ⅰ示之以范____________________________________________________原则这样运用1.(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(识别) those of ____________(great) and less importance.

greater解析:句意:如果你因工作上的责任感到压抑,你应该后退一步,并且识别一下这些工作中哪些更重要,哪些不那么重要。根据句意以及little的比较级less的提示可知空格处应用形容词great的比较级greater。

2.(2017·沈阳监测)We felt safe for the next half hour so we decided to go even ____________(far).

farther/further解析:考查比较级。根据该句中的“even”可以判断,此处表示“我们决定走得更远一点”,故用far的比较级。

3.(2017·东北三省四市二模)Uber said its flying vehicles would be much ____________(quiet), cost less to operate and produce less pollution than helicopters.

quieter解析:考查形容词比较级。根据下文的than可知,此处用比较级。4.(2017·广东七校联合体第二次联考)I was scanning the restaurant, waiting to sit at the first table that was ____________(convenient) than others.

more convenient解析:考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的“than”可知,空处用形容词的比较级。

5.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together.____________________

earlier→early解析:此处没有比较的含义,仅表示主语习惯性的行为,应用early。6.(2015·陕西卷)My mum makes the better biscuits in the world, so I decided to ask her for help.____________________

better→best解析:根据句子后面的限定范围in the world可知,此处应用最高级。

Ⅱ通关点击____________________________________________________原则这样解读1.“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”表示“越……越……”。

It is believed that the harder you work, the better result you will get.

人们相信,工作越努力,得到的结果将越好。

2.“the+比较级+of the two+名词”表示“两个中较……的”。

Which is the better of the two universities, Shanghai Jiao-tong University or Fudan University? 上海交大与复旦大学,实力较强的是哪一个?

3.“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数+比较范围”表示“……中最……的……之一”。

New York is one of the biggest cities in America.

纽约是美国最大的城市之一。

4.“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义。

Mr. Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn’t ask for a better boss.

为斯蒂文森先生工作感觉非常好,我真的找不到比他更好的老板了。

5.可以用来修饰比较级的单词和短语有much, far, still, even, rather, a little, a bit, a lot, a great deal及数量词、表示倍数的词等,常放在比较级的前面。

The hotel is rather more expensive than that one.

这家旅馆的收费比那家贵得多。

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Ⅰ单句语法填空

1.(2017·福建六校联考)Staying ____________(health) while traveling can help to ensure your trip is a happy and enjoyable one.

healthy解析:句意:在旅行的过程中保持健康有助于确保你的旅途开心、愉快。stay为系动词,意为“保持”,其后常接形容词作表语。故填healthy。

2.(2017·河南信阳高中第四次大考)At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became very ____________(anger) about it.

angry解析:句意:起初,许多人不喜欢这种绘画风格,并对此感到很生气。系动词became 后面应用形容词作表语,故填angry。be angry about sth.意为“对某事感到生气”,为固定短语。

3.(2017·郑州第二次质量预测)On New Year’s Day, we visited every neighbor in the village and were greeted ____________(warm) at each house.

warmly解析:考查副词。根据空前的were greeted可知,空处修饰动词,故用副词形式。

4.(2017·太原二模)Life is about giving and taking, and it’s ____________(general) true that if you give, you will receive.

generally解析:考查副词。修饰形容词应用副词,故填generally。

5.(2017·广东湛江调研)The more support you win from others, the ____________(fast) you will move toward your goal.

faster解析:句意:你赢得别人的支持越多,就会越快地接近你的目标。此处为“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构,意为“越……越……”。因此,设空处应用比较级。故填faster。

6.(2017·湖北八校第一次联考)Whatever happens in China, the third ____________(large) country in the world with 20 percent of the world’s population, will certainly shape the immediate and distant futures of us all.

largest解析:考查形容词最高级。由空前的the third可知,此处表示最高级的含义,故用形容词最高级修饰名词country。

7.(2017·安徽滁州中学模拟)____________(obvious), a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations.

Obviously解析:句意:很明显,一个好习惯能够帮助我们加速抵达目的地。设空处修饰逗号后面的句子,作状语,应用副词。故填Obviously。

8.(2017·湖北华大联盟高三质检)The boy looked at his father ____________(hope) because he thought his father had brought him a present.

hopefully解析:修饰动词短语looked at应用副词形式。

9.(2017·山东临沂一模)It is one of the most ____________(amaze) TV shows from an artistic point of view.

amazing解析:句意:从艺术的角度,那是最惊人的电视节目之一。设空处后为名词,由此可推出设空处应为形容词作定语。amazing惊人的。

10.(2017·昆明质量检测)If we can focus on encouraging kids to drink more water—a low-cost, sugar-free drink—we can improve their drinking habits, which may allow many kids to feel ____________(great) throughout the day and do better in school.

greater解析:考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的“and do better in school”可知,空处与此处对应,应用形容词的比较级。

Ⅱ单句改错

1.(2017·广东七校联考)As I watched the flag rising slowly. I sang the national anthem, feeling extremely exciting.____________________

exciting→excited解析:考查形容词。该句主语为I,修饰人,应用形容词excited,表示“激动的,兴奋的”。

2.(2017·重庆西北狼教育联盟第一次联考)He was a Enropean billionaire who got everything he wanted. Therefore, in the last twenty years of his life, his health began to get worse and he led a miserable life.____________________

Therefore→However解析:考查副词。上文说他是一位欧洲亿万富翁,得到了他想要的

一切,该句说在他生命里的最后二十年,他的健康状况变得越来越糟。上下文为转折关系,故用However。

3.(2017·云南八校区调研)I don’t think that it is a truly eco-travel. An eco-travel not only allows us to express our love for nature, but needs our responsibility as well.____________________

truly→true解析:考查形容词。此处应用形容词修饰名词eco-travel。

4.(2017·长沙一模)The American TV show The Voice is one of my most favorite amusement shows.____________________

删除most解析:考查最高级。句意:美国电视节目《美国之声》是我最喜欢的娱乐节目之一。favorite意为“最喜欢的”,无最高级形式。

5.(2017·南昌十校二模)It is clear shown that many middle school students have physical and mental problems.____________________

clear→clearly解析:词性错误。此处修饰过去分词shown,要用副词。clearly“清晰地”。

6.(2017·皖北协作区联考)We telephoned the doctors and an old man was sent to the hospital in no time. We felt happily to help him.____________________

happily→happy解析:feel是系动词,后面要用形容词作表语。故将happily改为happy。

Ⅲ语法填空

(2017·山西临汾适应性训练)Once upon a time, there was a flock of doves that flew in search of food 1.____________(lead) by their king. One day, they had flown a long distance and were very tired. The dove king 2.____________(courage) them to fly a little further. The 3.____________(small) of them picked up speed and found some rice beneath an apple tree. So all the doves headed and began to eat. Suddenly a net fell over 4.____________(they) and they were all trapped. They saw 5.____________ hunter approaching carrying a huge stick. The doves desperately fluttered their wings trying to get out, but 6.____________ vain. The king advised all the doves to fly up together carrying the net with them.

Each dove picked up a part of the net and together they flew off carrying the net with them. The hunter looked up in 7.____________(astonish). He tried to follow them, but they were flying high over hills and valleys. They flew to a hill, 8.____________ there lived a mouse. The dove king called out the mouse and explained what 9.____________(happen). Then the mouse set the doves 10.____________(freely) by cutting the net and they flew away together.

Unity is strength.

[解题导语]本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述了一个小故事告诉读者:团结就是力量。1.led解析:本题考查非谓语动词作状语。主语a flock of doves与lead为逻辑上的被动关系,故填过去分词led。

2.encouraged解析:句意:鸽王鼓励它们再飞得远一点。设空处在句中作谓语,故用动词encourage;本句讲的是过去的事情,故用一般过去时。

3.smallest解析:根据第一句中的a flock of doves可知这群鸽子不可能是两只,至少是三只或三只以上。再根据设空处前的定冠词The可知设空处需用形容词最高级形式,故填smallest。

4.them解析:设空处作宾语,故用宾格形式them。

5.a解析:设空处后的名词hunter在本句中表示泛指,故填a。

6.in解析:in vain为固定短语,意为:徒劳,无效。

7.astonishment解析:in astonishment为固定短语,意为:惊讶地。

8.where解析:考查定语从句。先行词为hill,先行词在定语从句中作地点状语,故填where。

9.had happened解析:happen先于explained发生,表示“过去的过去”,故设空处用过去完成时。

10.free解析:set...free为固定短语,意为:释放,解放。

2018中考英语形容词和副词用法总结

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