2019-2020学年福建省师范大学附属中学高一上学期期中考试英语试题

20232024学年福建师大附中高一（上）期中语文试卷一、名句默写（每空1分，共14分）1．（14分）补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

（1）在《归园田居》（其一）中，诗人运用对偶和比喻的手法表达自己身在宦海却心系田园之情的诗句是“，”。

（2）苏轼《念奴娇•赤壁怀古》中“，”两句从神态描写、侧面描写的角度，把周瑜面对敌军时的从容自信刻画得淋漓尽致。

（3）辛弃疾在《永遇乐•京口北固亭怀古》中认为北伐抗金应当做好充分准备，如果像刘宋刘义隆草率出兵，虽有“”之雄心，也怕会有“”的结局。

（4）《永遇乐•京口北固亭怀古》中“，”两句诗通过赞扬率军北伐，气吞胡虏的刘裕来表达自己坚持抗金的立场。

（5）白居易在《琵琶行》一诗中，多次通过描写月亮来烘托气氛、表达情感。

以写月来渲染即将分别时的伤感的一句是“”，以写月来烘托曲终人静、余音绕梁的一句是“”。

（6）李清照《声声慢》中“，，”一句是词人将情感融入落花，暗喻岁月流逝，人已衰老。

（7）用典是古诗词中常见的一种表现手法，杜甫《登高》中“”一句，正是化用了屈原《九歌•湘夫人》中“洞庭波兮木叶下”的诗句。

二、基础知识（每题3分，共18分）2．（3分）下列加点词语中，字音字形完全正确的一项是（）A．造诣．（yì）慰藉．（jí）兜鍪．（móu）戛然而止B．嚣．（xiāo）鸣半晌．（shǎng）着．（zháo）恼书生意气C．间．（jiàn）关楼榭．（xiè）肩胛．（jiǎ）跌荡起伏D．贾．（gǔ）人银蓖．（bì）籼．（xiān）稻怅寥廓3．（3分）下列各项中，对加点词语的解释全都正确的一项是（）A．秧根未牢莳．未匝（移栽）烟涛微茫信．难求（相信）B．依依墟．里烟（村落）枉用相．存（互相）C．艰难苦．恨繁霜鬓（痛苦）唤渠．朝餐歇半霎（他）D．迷花倚石忽已暝．（昏暗）榆柳荫．后檐（遮蔽）4．（3分）下列各句中，与例句句式相同的一项是（）例句：多情应笑我，早生华发A．本长安倡女B．何以解忧C．感斯人言D．转徙于江湖间5．（3分）下面对句子中加点词语的活用类型归类正确的一项是（）①熊咆龙吟殷．岩泉②訇然中．开③尚能饭．否④乌鹊南．飞⑤鼓．瑟吹笙⑥梦．啼妆泪红阑干⑦遂命酒．⑧粪土．．当年万户侯A．①③⑥/②④/⑤⑦/⑧B．①③⑥/②④/⑤⑦⑧C．①/②④⑥/③⑤⑦/⑧D．①/②④/③⑥/⑤⑦⑧6．（3分）下列各项中，关于文学常识的解说不正确．．．的一项是（）A．《诗经》是我国最早的诗歌总集，反映了周代社会生活的方方面面，是我国现实主义文学的源头。

福建省师范大学附属中学2021届高三英语上学期期中试题时间： 120 分钟满分： 150分第Ⅰ卷（共80分）第一部分：听力（共20题；每小题1分, 满分20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What does the singer’s hair look like?A. Long and dark.B. Short and brown.C. Short and dark.2. When is the woman going to take her holiday?A. In July.B. In August.C. In September.3. What problem does the man have?A. He doesn’t have Anna’s address.B. He doesn’t have a stamp.C. He doesn’t have a postcard.4. What will the woman probably do first after graduation?A. Start her own business.B. Go to business school.C. Work in a big company.5. Where does this conversation most probably take place?A. In an ice-cream shop.B. In a restaurant.C. In a supermarket.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分, 共15分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。

福建师大附中2023-2024学年下学期期末考试高一语文试卷时间：120分钟满分：150分试卷说明：本卷共七大题，24小题，解答写在答卷的指定位置上，考试结束后，只交答卷。

第Ⅰ卷（35分）一、名句默写（每空1分，共8分）1．补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

（1）魏征的《谏太宗十思疏》善用典故，“______”借“谦谦君子”的典故劝谏太宗要加强道德修养：“______”引“网开一面”的典故劝谏太宗要田猎有度。

（2）《答司马谏议书》一文中，王安石在逐一反驳了“侵官、生事、征利、拒谏”的罪名后，直接表明自己态度的两句是“______，______”。

（3）杜牧在《阿房宫赋》中将阿房宫的奢华与百姓的生活作了鲜明对比，其中阿房宫的钉子“______”，嘈杂的管弦之声“______”。

（4）苏洵的《六国论》在描写创业艰难后，用“______，______”两句比喻描写了向敌人卑躬屈膝的国君对祖国疆土毫不爱惜。

二、基础知识（每题3分，共18分）2．下列词语的书写和加点字的注音全部正确的一项是（）A．迂讷．（nà）惊愕．（è）讪．讪（shàn）不胫．而走（jìng）B．讥诮．（qiào）桥草（tiàn）觇．视（chān）抢．呼欲绝（qiāng）C．裨．益（bì）寒喧．（xuān）藁．葬（hāo）碎琼．乱玉（qióng）D．酒馔．（zhuàn）翕．辟（xī）不啻．（chì）沸返盈．天（yíng）3．下列加点词的解释完全正确的一项是（）A．①强弱胜负已判．矣：确定②辟邪说，难．壬人：责难，责怪B．①欲居．之以为利：储存，囤积②简能而任之：简化C．①径造．庐访成：建造②缦．立远视：久立D．①又亏林冲赍发．．他盘缠：资助②无毫发爽．：差错，差失4．下列加点字的意义和用法相同的一项是（）A．而：①而．某不量敌之众寡②而．翁归B．以：①成以．其小，劣之②如君实责我以．在位久C．焉：①盘盘焉，困困焉．②青麻头伏焉．D．其：①奔车朽索，其．可忍乎②其．实百倍5．下列选项中各句句式相同的一项是（）A．①洎牧以谗诛，邯郸为郡。

福建省福建师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中考英语试卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解While the benefits of Zoom and other videoconferencing tools made them absolutely essential in the pandemic (疫情), the research suggests that heavy reliance on the technology comes at a cost to creative thinking.Brucks at Columbia University and her team started their investigation when managers reported having trouble innovating with remote workers. Brucks doubted whether videoconferencing was a factor, suspecting that difficulties coordinating (协调) large, global teams online might be to blame instead.To find out, the researchers analysed ideas for new products generated by 1,490 engineers for a multinational company. The engineers, who were in Finland, Hungary, India, Israel and Portugal, were randomly paired up and given an hour or so to brainstorm products either in person or over videoconferencing. They then selected their best idea.Writing in Nature, the researchers report that the engineers produced more ideas, and more innovative ideas, when working face to face. “They are not only generating a larger number of creative ideas, but their best idea is better,” Brucks said. Virtual teams were just as good at selecting the best ideas from a bunch as those that met in person.“Visual focus is a huge component of cognitive (认知) focus. When you’re focused on the screen and ignoring the rest of the environment, that affects how you approach the task,” said Brucks. “It’s uniquely bad for creativity because it’s inhibiting broader exploration.”Brucks said the impact on the real world “could be huge”, leading to a division of labour between face-to-face and virtual meetings that could “permanently reshape the office and work schedules”. But she urged businesses to be cautious, because if virtual meetings are cheaper than in-person ones, they may still be more cost-effective.Asked for tips, Brucks said people could save more creative tasks for in-person meetings, or turn off their camera when coming up with ideas. “I think it unlocks more creative thinking,” she said.1．Why did Brucks conduct the research?A．To prove her assumption.B．To clarify a new concept.C．To make acomparison.D．To explain a rule.2．What is the finding of the research?A．Face-to-face gatherings promote cross-culture ties.B．Workers think less creatively in virtual meetings.C．Individual work generates more innovative ideas.D．Videoconferencing has an irreplaceable role.3．What does the underlined word “inhibiting” in paragraph 5 mean?A．Encouraging.B．Requiring.C．Beginning.D．Preventing. 4．What does Brucks say about virtual meetings?A．They should be used accordingly.B．They’ll make office workers divided.C．They’ll give way to in-person meetings.D．They help businesses run moreefficiently.Coral reefs (珊瑚礁) are filled with a diverse range of fish. Some fish are more beautiful to humans than others, and many people firmly believe that beautiful fish deserve more conservation than the uglier species. Is the “firm belief” true? You can get the answer from a new paper published in the journal PLOS Biology.Researchers showed 481 photographs of ray-finned reef fish to 13,000 members of the public. With that data, they then trained a computer model to generate predictions for an additional 4,400 photographs of 2,417 of the most common reef fish species. They next compared the aesthetic rating of each species with other characteristics, including evolutionary history, distinctiveness from other fish, conservation status and importance to fisheries.After analyzing the numbers, researchers found that the fish humans rated as the most beautiful tended to be less ecologically and evolutionarily distinct. Prettier fish were also more likely to be listed as species of “least concern” on the International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN) Red List.On the contrary, the fish that humans found to be the least attractive were the most ecologically and evolutionarily distinct, and they were more likely to be listed as “threatened” on the IUCN Red List. Unattractive species also tended to be more important to commercial fisheries, which put them at higher risk for overfishing.“The less attractive species have the highest ecological distinctiveness, and thus providethe highest diversity of ecological functions,” they write in the paper. “We need to pay more attention to the extinction risk of the less attractive fish species, or that might have overlooked effects on reef ecosystem functioning.”“Therefore, to minimize the impact of aesthetic biases, scientists, conservation groups and policymakers may need to change how they communicate about wildlife,” the researchers write. “Making people more aware of the roles uglier fish play in reef ecosystems could help them gain more support.”5．What did the researchers do for their research?A．They rated all the photos on their own.B．They hunted for reef fish in coral reefs.C．They stayed underwater to monitor fish.D．They used a computer to predict ratings. 6．What does the researchers’ analysis suggest?A．The research is a failure.B．Fish’s role in nature is equal.C．The “firm belief” isn’t true.D．Uglier fish are less important. 7．What is the researchers’ advice?A．Building natural reserves worldwide for uglier fish.B．Making an attempt to raise people’s aesthetic levels.C．Raising awareness about the appearance of uglier fish.D．Educating people on uglier fish’s ecological importance.8．What might be the best title for the text?A．Uglier Fish Are Facing Extinction B．Coral Reefs Rely on Various FishC．Uglier Fish Need More Protection D．Aesthetic Biases Put Reefs in DangerPortia Kapraun has always seen unwelcome ads on Twitter, usually from major brands pitching (竭力推销) her expensive jewelry or vehicles that she, as a librarian in Indiana, could not afford. Ms. Kapraun was not interested. But she soon saw the ads again. And again. And again. “These feel like low-end ads,” she said. In a shaky advertising market in an uncertain economy, ads that few people want to see suddenly seem to be everywhere.Advancements in digital advertising technology were meant to improve users’ experience. People interested in shoes are intended to get ads for sneakers and boots, not repeated pitches promoting gold investments. And the technology is supposed to remove misleading or dangerous pitches. But lately, on several platforms, the opposite seems to be happening for a variety of reasons, including a slowdown in the overall digital ad market. Asnumerous deep-pocketed markets have pulled back, and the softer market has led several digital platforms to lower their ad pricing, opportunities have opened up for less demanding advertisers.Advertising experts agree that poor-quality ads appear to be increasing greatly. They point to a variety of potential causes: internal troubles at technology companies, weak content moderation (审核), and high-level advertisers seeking other choices. Then, there’s the economy: A recent survey of 43 multinational companies representing more than $44 billion in advertising spending found that nearly 30 percent planned to cut back on their marketing spending last year.Other factors are also contributing to lower advertising quality. Social media advertising, once only practiced by specialists, is now easily available to anyone. Many of them are avoiding targeted ads—placements intended to reach specific audiences, usually at a higher cost -- in favor of a cheaper spray-and-pray (广撒网式的) approach online, hoping to catch the attention of gullible (容易受骗的) or bored shoppers. Major social media platforms are now like “a mall that used to be good”, Corey Richardson, vice president at a multicultural ad company, says. “But now there’s no longer a mall there —it’s just a place selling anything.”9．What message does the author want to deliver in Portia Kapraun’s story?A．Repeated ads have a strong power of persuasion.B．Social media users often encounter unwanted ads.C．Major brands usually prefer social media advertising.D．An uncertain economy leads to lower levels of consumption.10．What can be inferred about the “less demanding advertisers” mentioned in Paragraph 2?A．They are forced to exit the digital ad market.B．They have benefited from advertising experts.C．They work hard to improve their users’ experience.D．They can now advertise at a more affordable price.11．What is Corey Richardson’s attitude to major social media platforms?A．Negative.B．Unclear.C．Favorable.D．Hopeful 12．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A．Where is social media advertising heading?B．What is shaking up the online advertising market?C．Why are you seeing so many bad digital ads now?D．How are targeted ads impacting your-purchase decisions?二、七选五Have you ever had a staring contest? It can be difficult to keep your eyes open for long periods of time because of the natural tendency to blink (眨眼). But why do we need to blink?There are two main reasons. First, blinking clears away dust from the eyes. 13 It might be under the eyelid or something that blew in. Second, blinking lubricates (润滑) the eye-balls. The eyes need a smooth surface for light to properly focus on, so vision becomes clear. Blinking releases a tear film which mostly consists of water, oil and mucus (粘液) to keep the surface of the eyeball smooth. 14 The tear film also supplies oxygen to the eye. Blood doesn’t reach the cornea (角膜), but the tear film directly transfers oxygen to it.Blinking happens naturally. It takes the average person 400 milliseconds to blink. Most people blink somewhere between 10 and 20 times per minute, usually around 15 or 16 times.15For example, you may blink more frequently if there’s something in your eye. Certain conditions can make it feel like there’s something in your eye, which makes you blink more. Some people have habitual involuntary movements that lead them to blink frequently. 16 If you have uncorrected vision problems, you may blink more often because your eyes are naturally trying to correct the unclear vision.If there is damage to the facial nerve, which is responsible for closing the eyelid, a person may blink more slowly or less often. Tiredness and some medications can cause a similar effect. 17 For example, when reading, people tend to blink at the end of a sentence rather than in the middle.A．It prevents the eye from drying out.B．If there’s a foreign body, it helps get rid of it.C．And stress and anxiety can make you blink more, too.D．Blinking more often than needed can give brain extra stress.E．Pink eye and other types of infection can also cause damage on eyes.F．However, there are some circumstances that make people blink more or less often.G．Focusing on something like watching a movie, you may blink less to strengthen your focus.三、完形填空Dr. Karen Sciascia has delivered thousands of babies. But this week, she helped deliverthat was separated from its mother when crossing a 19 .Sciascia and McLean were fishing when they 20 a cow moose and her baby. The two moose were having trouble 21 a spot on the river where a violent 22 is created by two channels. After 23 back and forth in the water, the cow moose made it to the far river bank. When her baby tried to 24 , it was swept downstream. With its nose 25 above the water, the baby was too 26 to ever fight the current. Realising the baby was in 27 , Sciascia and McLean set off after it in their boat. After Scioscia 28 the little creature from the river, McLean rowed them uprivera bit, to the 29 where the cow moose had landed. Quickly after pulling to shore they30 the baby and Momma was soon there checking her baby over. Once 31 and satisfied, Momma led her baby into the woods.“Having delivered so many babies, it was like every other day to me, though it was a 32 modality (形态),” Sciascia tells The Missoulian, “It was cool to be in the right place at the right time.”18．A．saved B．tracked C．nursed D．observed 19．A．forest B．river C．bridge D．valley 20．A．seized B．trapped C．spotted D．adopted 21．A．crossing B．removing C．locating D．marking 22．A．noise B．wind C．current D．shake 23．A．swimming B．wandering C．floating D．struggling 24．A．escape B．follow C．stop D．dive 25．A．barely B．completely C．constantly D．suddenly 26．A．thrilled B．puzzled C．small D．curious 27．A．surprise B．sight C．demand D．danger 28．A．lost touch with B．grabbed hold of C．kept pace with D．caught sight of 29．A．woods B．boat C．habitat D．bank 30．A．released B．abandoned C．treated D．sheltered31．A．reserved B．reunited C．stuck D．deserted 32．A．regular B．stable C．strange D．different四、根据首字母填写单词on their academic performance.(根据首字母单词拼写)34．Technology is here to stay, but there are still people out there who live a happy life in the a of new technology.(根据首字母单词拼写)35．The o of reforming China’s English education is to improve students’ language skills, not exam-taking ability.(根据首字母单词拼写)36．Upon hearing that his grandmother was ill, Bob hurried back to her hometown in the countryside without any h .(根据首字母单词拼写)37．It is widely acknowledged that the point of the competition is to encourage all people to unlock their hidden p .(根据首字母单词拼写)38．It is strongly advised by Professor Xu that English learners should have a good c of a large vocabulary.(根据首字母单词拼写)39．A famous scholar observed that a good parent-child relationship should be built on the b of mutual understanding and respect.(根据首字母单词拼写)40．If you go to the souvenir shops, sometimes you can’t help being p into buying something unnecessary.(根据首字母单词拼写)五、用单词的适当形式完成句子make its landing on Mars.(用所给词的适当形式填空)42．If you should be fired, your health and pension benefits will not be (automatic) cut off. (所给词的适当形式填空)43．The company promises to give (prefer) to his application for the post, for he has working experience in this field. (用所给词的适当形式填空)44．Every care has been taken to ensure the (accurate) of all information given in this leaflet. （所给词的适当形式填空）45．In an era of information explosion, people can easily be distracted by (relevant)information while surfing the Internet. (用所给词的适当形式填空)46．A group of engineers, all of were highly established in their careers, got together to visit their old university professor.(用适当的词填空)47．To mark the 140th anniversary of the school, the school magazine launched a writing contest theme is celebrating the remarkable achievements.(用适当的词填空)48．It would be difficult to find an occupation you would meet with fewer barriers because of your appearance.(用适当的词填空)六、选用适当的单词或短语补全句子standard improved.50．If cycling each day can make you healthier, why not it and have a better life? 51．An order was given by the general that all the information be kept secret and thosekey details be punished and banned from any further promotion.52．Supporting actor as he was in the film, he talked as if he a leading character and contributed a lot to its success.53．Clara says in an upset manner, “I am moving to another office and I am afraid I all the papers and files this time tomorrow.”54．In the remote area, digital connection, offers an opportunity to find innovative ways elderly people’s health and other needs, and accordingly provide them with those services. 55．This is the first time that I the horse, only to find I am not a lucky man.56．It is recommended by the professor that the conclusion in three aspects.七、根据句意填空八、完成句子九、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

2019-2020学年福建师范大学第二附属中学高三英语上学期期中试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe Fall 2020 Cookbooks Worth Your Time (and Money)Be My GuestFrom Priya Basil, this book is a self-reflection on how food and the act of serving it are used to express love and support. Basil reflects on some of her earliest memories of food and how it affected her upbringing and relationship with her parents. Now a parent herself, she centers food in her book's exploration of that change of identity.EastFrom Guardian columnist Meera Sodha comes a cookbook centered on vegetables. The book features recipes that cover a variety of Asian cuisines. Sodha showcases the diversity of vegetarian cooking with dishes like eggplant larb mushroom bao, Singapore noodles and so much more.I Cook in ColorA follow-up from her first cookbook My Two Souths, Asha Gomez focuses on the rainbow of vegetables to create desserts and cross-cultural dishes that associate cooking traditions of her mother's Keralite kitchen and Gomez's travel experiences.Time to EatIf you're a fan of The Great British Baking Show and Nadiya Hussain's Netflix series, you'll be just as excited for the American release of this book of time-saving tips for home cooks on a budget. It's a book to go to for inspiration that doesn't involve countless hours of sweating over a hot stove.1.What can we learn about the author ofBe My Guest?A.She had a bad relationship with her parents.B.She began to cook food in her early childhood.C.She considers food a means of expressing affection.D.She explores in the book how to be a grandparent.2.What do theEastandI Cook in Colorhave in common?A.They offer recipes about Asian cuisines.B.They center on cooking vegetables.C.They are the author's first cookbooks.D.They are based on the author's travel experiences.3.Which book can you refer toif you just have limited time for cooking?A.Be My Guest.B.East.C.I Cook in Color.D.Time to Eat.BCuckoos don’t bother building their own nests—they just lay eggs that perfectly imitate those of other birds and take over their nests. But other birds are wishing up, evolving some seriously impressive tricks to spot the cuckoo eggs.Cuckoos are often know asparasites, meaning that they hide their eggs in the nest of other species. To avoid detection, the cuckoos have evolved so that eggs seem reproduction of those of their preferred targets. If the host bird doesn’t notice the strange egg in its nest, the little cuckoo will actually take the entire nest for itself after it comes out, taking the other eggs on its back and dropping them out of the nest.To avoid this unpleasant fate for their young, the other birds have evolved a few smart ways to spot the fakes, which we’re only now beginning to fully understand. One of the most amazing finds is that birds have an extra colour-sensitive cell in their eyes, which makes them far more sensitive to ultraviolet wavelengths and allows them to see a far greater range of colours than humans can. This allows cautious birds to detect a fake egg which might be exactly the same to our eyes.Fascinatingly, we’re actually able to observe different bird species at very different points in their evolutionary war with the cuckoos. For instance, some cuckoos lay their eggs in the nests of the redstarts. The blue eggs these cuckoos lay are practically alike to those of the redstarts, and yet they are still sometimes rejected. Compare that with cuckoos who target dunnocks. While those birds lay perfectly blue eggs, their cuckoo invaders just lay white eggs with brown irregular shaped spots. And yet dunnocks barely ever seem to notice the obvious trick.Biologists suspect these more easily fooled species like the dunnocks are on the same evolutionary path as the redstarts, but they have a long way to go until they evolve the same levels of suspicion. What’s remarkable isthat the dunnocks fakes are so bad and the redstart ones so good, and yet cuckoos are still more successful with the former than the latter.It speaks to just how thoroughly a species’ behavior can be changed by the pressures of natural selection, or it might just be a bit of strategic cooperation on the part of the dunnocks. Biologists have suggested that these birds are willing to tolerate a parasite every so often because they don’t want to risk accidentally getting rid of one of their own eggs.4. This passage can be most likely found in a ________.A. science surveyB. nature magazineC. zoo advertisementD. travel journal5. What does the underlined word “parasite” in paragraph 2 most probably refer to?A. Animals that work together to raise young.B. Small harmful animals such as worms or mice.C. Animals that can adapt to changing environments.D. Animals which live on or inside other host animals.6. Which of the following is TRUE about the dunnock according to the passage?A. It is colour-blind and therefore cannot identify foreign eggs in the nest.B. It can easily remove cuckoo eggs from the nest because fakes are so bad.C. It is a host bird that is more likely to raise a cuckoo chick than the redstart.D. It is unable to evolve and hence accepts cuckoo eggs that appear in the nest.7. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A. Dunnocks may eventually learn to recognise foreign eggs.B. Redstarts seem to be less suspicious compared to dunnocks.C. Cuckoo birds are good at taking responsibility for their own young.D. It is very easy for cuckoos to imitate the colouring of the dunnock’s egg.CThe relationship between humans and the Amazon Rainforest has not always been a harmonious one. However, recent research suggests that the native peoples ofthe Putumayo region helped to protect the rainforest, leaving it unchanged for 5,000 years. Perhaps humans’ coexisting with nature is possible after all.The study, published in PNAS, looked at soil samples in the Putumayo region of the Amazon in Peru to find how humans influenced the land. The researchers found that the trees still growing in the region today have beengrowing there for the last 5,000 years — evidence that the area has not been home to cities and farmland in that time. Traces of charcoal(木炭) found in the, soil, however, indicate that people did live there; they just did so in a way that had minimum influence on their environment.To come to these conclusions the team dug a 0.6-0.9 meter deep column into the ground, taking samples of soilfrom different heights along the column. Back in the lab, samples were carbon- dated to determine their age and then sorted under a microscope to look for microscopic mineral particles, known as phytoliths (植硅体). Phytoliths are essential evidence of plants— they remained in the soil thousands of years after the plant died. So researchers can use them to tell which plants have grown in an area in the past.Over 5,000 years’ worth of samples, no species loss was detected. These findings suggest that contrary to common belief, the Amazon is not untouched by humans, but rather has been protected by them for thousands of years. The management of the rainforest by native peoples appears to have been vital in preserving its biodiversity and will continue to be important in the fight to prevent it from acollapse.As Nigel Pitman, a co-author on the paper, said: “Since this particular forest is still being protected by native peoples, I hope this study reminds us all how important it is to support their work.”8. How did native peoples deal with the rainforest in the region of Putumayo?A. They always destroyed the rainforest.B. They had a side effect on the rainforest.C. They never lived in the area of the forest.D. They had been in harmony with the forest.9. What did the researchers try to find in the Amazon forest in Peru?A. The diversity of the plants in the rainforest.B. The evidence of human influence on the forest.C. The nutrition of the soil samples in the rainforest.D. The survival age of growing trees in the rainforest.10. What does the underlined word “collapse” mean in Paragraph 4?A. Sudden decrease.B. Bad management.C. Poor preservation.D. Over development.11. What can be inferred from Nigel Pitman's words?A. Native peoples should protectthe rainforest.B. We should help protect the Amazon Rainforest.C. More science research should be done on rainforest.D We should make good use of the Amazon Rainforest.DBrian Hamilton's life changed in a prison when he went there with his friend, Reverend Robert J. Harris, who often went to local prisons to do ministry work. During the visit,Hamiltonstarted talking to one of the prisoners and asked what he was going to do when he got out. “He said he was going to get a job,”Hamiltonrecalls. “I thought to myself, wow, that’s going to be difficult with a criminal background.”The conversation madeHamiltonconsider how to help those who came out from prison. Finally in 2008, 16 years after that initial conversation,Hamiltoncreated Inmates to Entrepreneurs, a nonprofit organization that helps people with criminal backgrounds start their own small businesses.At the time,Hamiltonwas building his own company, a software technology company for the banking industry. As his company grew, so didHamilton’s time devoted to giving lessons to prisoners. He averaged three to four courses a month at prisons throughoutNorth Carolina.Eventually,Hamiltondecided to shift his focus to his true passion. In May 2019, he sold his company and focused on helping those who were imprisoned. His online courses will be set next year. “By March 1, 2022, anyone will be able to access the courses, either to become a certificated instructor or to access it for themselves as a prisoner or part of the general population,”Hamiltonexplained. In addition, he visits middle schools and presents the course to at-risk students as a preventative measure against crime.The free course is funded by the recently established Brian Hamilton Foundation, which offers assistance to military members as they return to civilian life and provides loans o small businesses. “Starting up a business isn't for everyone, but if we make opportunities available, and let people know that other people care about them, it makes a difference.”Hamiltonsaid.12. Why did Brian Hamilton went to a prison?A. He accompanied his friend.B. He took lessons in the prison.C. He wanted to get a job in the prison.D. He had a friend who was in prison.13. What can be inferred about Inmates to Entrepreneurs?A. It often assists military members.B It provides loans to small businesses.C. Its course has been largely broadened.D. It is an organization intended for business men.14. According to the author, which of the following best describesHamilton?A. He is a man who always changes his mind.B. He has a sense of social responsibility.C. He is good at running a big company.D. He makes money by giving lessons.15. What is the main idea of the text?A. A man made a fruitless visit to the prison.B. A man sold his business to teach prisoners.C. A man realized his dream of being a teacher.D. A man successfully created two organizations.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

福建省福建师范大学附属中学2020学年高一英语上学期期中试题（含解析）考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分第Ⅰ卷（共84分）第一部分：听力（共20题；每小题1分，共20分）第一节听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A.B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.What did the man do today?A.He took a written test.B.He pas sed the driver’s test.C.He received his driver’s license.2.Who is probably going to compete in the contest?A.Lisa.B.Anna.C.Jenny.3.What needs to be changed?A.The woman’s address.B.The woman’s office number.C.The woman’s company’s name.4.Why does the woman think the man is lying?A.His body language tells it.B.He is a dishonest person.C.She already knew the truth.5.What is mentioned about Dan?A.He had to take time off.B.He is the new project manager.C.He will hold a meeting on Tuesday.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有一个小题，从题中所给的A.B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。

福建省福州市福建师范大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试数学试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________9a =-时，得出函数()f x 的单调区间及图象关于点()1,11b -+中心对称，即可判断B ；由题得()()()32123()3f x x x ax b x x x x x x =-++=---，得出1231213231233,,x x x x x x x x x a x x x b ++=++==-，结合1x ，2x ，3x 成等差数列，即可判断C ；()()()123()f x x x x x x x =---得()()()()()()23123()f x x x x x x x x x x x ¢=--+-×--¢，再分别得出()()()123,,f x f x f x ¢¢¢，代入化简即可判断D ．【详解】对于A ，2()36f x x x a ¢=-+，因为()f x 有三个零点，所以()f x 至少有三个单调区间，即()0f x ¢=有两个不相等的实数根，所以36120a ->，解得3a <，故A 错误；对于B ，9a =-时，()3239f x x x x b =--+，()2()3233(3)(1)f x x x x x ==-¢--+，由()01f x x ¢>Þ<-或3x >，由()013f x x ¢<Þ-<<，所以()f x 在(,1),(3,)-¥-+¥上单调递增，在()1,3-上单调递减，所以()f x 在1x =-处取得极大值，在3x =处取得极小值，又3232(1)(1)(1)3(1)9(1)(1)3(1)9(1)222f x f x x x x b x x x b b ++-=+-+-+++-----+=-+，所以函数()f x 的图象关于点()1,11b -+中心对称，所以()()1.1 3.1222f f b -+=-+，所以()()441543421k S k k k =+++-=-L ，能被4整除，4144443k k k k S S b S k -=-=-+，不能被2整除，()()424441442434212k k k k k k S S b b S k S k --=--=--=--+，能被2整除，不能被4整除，()()43443434321k k k S S k S k -=--=--+，不能被2整除，所以124,,,n S S S L 中能被2整除，但不能被4整除的有n 个.【点睛】思路点睛：数列新定义问题，应该根据定义得到新数列的形成过程，将该过程与数列常见性质（如单调性等）结合在一起，另外数列的最值或诸项之间的大小关系往往和数列的单调性相关.。

福建省福州市福建师范大学附属中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期中考试数学试卷一、单选题1．已知集合{}012M =,,，{}230N x x x =-<，则M N = （）A ．{}0,1,2B ．{}1,2C ．{}03x x ≤<D ．{}03x x <<2．下列函数中，既是偶函数，又在(0,)+∞上单调递增的为（）A ．()||1f x x =-+B ．3()f x x =C ．||()2x f x =D ．21()f x x =3．已知函数()f x 的定义域为()0,1，则函数()21f x -的定义域为（）A ．()0,1B ．()1,1-C ．()1,0-D ．1,12⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭4．一元二次方程()22100ax x a ++=≠有一个正实数根和一个负实数根的一个充分不必要条件是()A ．0a <B ．0a >C ．1a <-D ．2a <5．已知432a =，254b =，1325c =，则A ．b a c <<B ．a b c <<C ．b<c<aD ．c<a<b6．我国著名的数学家华罗庚先生曾说：数缺形时少直观，形缺数时难入微，数形结合百般好，隔裂分家万事休.在数学的学习和研究中，常用函数的图象来研究函数的性质，也常用函数的解析式来琢磨函数的图象的特征，则函数21()x f x x-=的图象大致为（）A ．B ．C ．D ．7．若定义在R 的奇函数f (x )在(,0)-∞单调递减，且f (2)=0，则满足(10)xf x -≥的x 的取值范围是（）A ．[)1,1][3,-+∞B ．3,1][,[01]--C ．[1,0][1,)-⋃+∞D ．[1,0][1,3]-⋃8．已知e e m m +=，5e n n +=，则下列选项正确的是（）A ．01m n <<<B ．01n m <<<C ．1em n <<<D ．1en m <<<二、多选题9．下列式子中正确的是（）A 3=B ．()lg lg100=C ．2lg 2lg 5lg 202+⋅=D ．21log 5210+=10．已知正数,a b 满足45a b ab ++=，则下列结论正确的是（）A ．ab 的最大值为1B ．4a b +的最小值为4C ．2216a b +的最小值为9D ．111a b++的最小值为10911．已知函数()f x 是定义在R 上的奇函数，且满足下列条件：①对任意的实数0x >，0y >，都有()()()2f x y f x f y +=++；②对任意的实数0x >，都有()2f x >-；③()11f =-．则下列说法正确的有（）A ．()20f =B ．()00f =C ．函数()f x 在()0,∞+上单调递增D ．不等式()0f x >的解集为()(),22,∞∞--⋃+三、填空题12．若幂函数()()233mf x m m x =--⋅在()0,∞+上为增函数，则实数m =．13．二次不等式210ax bx ++>的解集为113x x ⎧⎫-<<⎨⎬⎩⎭，则ab 的值为.14．函数()f x =的单调减区间是．15．设函数()10101xx f x =+，若[]x 表示不超过x 的最大整数，则函数()12y f x ⎡⎤=-⎢⎥⎣⎦的值域是．16．已知函数()13y f x =+-为奇函数，()321x g x x -=-，()f x 与()g x 的图像有8个交点，分别为()()()112288,,,,x y x y x y ，则()()128128y y y x x x +++-+++=．四、解答题17．设集合=b −2≤≤2,=b1−≤≤2−2(1)若x A ∈是x B ∈的充分不必要条件，求实数m 的取值范围；(2)若A B B = ，求实数m 的取值范围.18．已知函数()f x 为定义在R 上的偶函数，当0x ≥时，()1432x x f x +=-⨯.(1)求()f x 的解析式；(2)求方程()8f x =-的解集.19．已知函数()212f x x x =+．(1)试判断函数()f x 在区间(]0,1上的单调性，并用函数单调性定义证明；(2)若(]0,1x ∃∈，使()2f x m <+成立，求实数m 的范围．20．某小家电配件的生产厂家生产出的小家电配件，以每件7元的价格全部售出．经市场调研，生产这类配件，每月需要投入固定成本为1万元，每生产x 万件配件，还需再投入资金()P x 万元在月产量不足6万件时，()2P x x x =+（万元）；在月产量不小于6万件时，()8274mP x x x =+--（万元）．已知月产量是7万件时，需要再投入的资金是56万元．(1)试将生产厂家生产这些小家电的月利润()f x （万元）表示成月产量x （万件）的函数；（注：月利润＝月销售收入－固定成本－再投入成本）(2)月产量为多少万件时，这个生产厂家生产这些配件获得的利润最大？最大利润是多少？21．已知函数()e e x xf x k -=+为奇函数．(1)求实数k 的值；(2)若对任意的x 2∈[]1,2，存在x 1∈[),t +∞，使()21ex tf x -≤成立，求实数t 的取值范围．22．已知集合{}()12,,2k A a a a k =≥ ，其中()1,2,i a i k ∈=Z ，新定义1个性质G ：若对任意的x A ∈，必有x A -∉，则称集合A 具有性质G ．由A 中元素可构成两个点集P 和Q ：(){},,,P x y x A y A x y A =∈∈+∈，(){},,,Q x y x A y A x y A =∈∈-∈，其中P 中有m 个元素，Q 中有n 个元素．(1)已知集合{}0,1,2,3J =与集合{}1,2,3K =-和集合{}222L y y x x ==-+，判断它们是否具有性质G ，若有，则直接写出其对应的集合P ，Q ；若无，请说明理由；(2)集合A 具有性质G ，若100=k ，求：集合Q 最多有几个元素？(3)试判断：集合A 具有性质G 是m n =的什么条件（写出结论即可）．。

福建省福州市福建师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试语文试题时间：120分钟满分：150分试卷说明：本卷共七大题，25小题，解答写在答卷的指定位置上，考试结束后，只交答卷。

第I卷（共39分）一、名句默写（每空1分，共10分）1. 补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

（1）《子路、曾皙、冉有、公西华待坐》中“________”一句传神地写出孔子含蓄委婉的表态，既以微笑表示了对子路的政治抱负的认可，又含而不露地批评了他“________”。

（2）《登岳阳楼》中“________，________”两句，写洞庭湖浩瀚无际的磅礴气势，意境阔大，景色宏伟奇丽。

（3）《念奴娇·过洞庭》中“________，________”两句体现了诗人的鲜明个性，不管官场冷暖，纵情泛舟洞庭。

（4）《桂枝香·金陵怀古》中，“________，________”两句直接抒情，追怀往事，抒写对前人怀古的不满之情。

（5）“雨”是古诗中一个重要的意象，常常成为诗人抒发情感的载体，汤显祖《游园》中“________，________”两句就以细雨与游船等关好事物表达了主人公内心的期许。

二、基础知识（每题3分，共18分）2. 下列加点字的注音和词语的书写全部正确的一项是（）A. 戎马（róng）冠者（guàn）挹取（yì）前合后偃（yǎn）B. 迢远（tiáo）窥伺（sì）帷幕（wéi）落木箫箫（xiāo）C. 嫁奁（lián）寒砧（zhān）疏朗（shú）不落言筌（quán）D. 额枋（fáng）杯杓（sháo）盗跖（zhí）翘首以盼（qiáo）3. 下列各项中加点词的解释完全正确的一项是（）A. ①摄乎大国之间（夹处）②则牛羊何择焉（选择）B. ①彼节者有间（空隙）②抑王兴甲兵，危士臣（抑或）C. ①道芷阳间行（秘密地）②旦日不可不蚤来谢项王（道歉）D. ①刑人如恐不胜（承受）②失其所与，不知（结交）4. 下列各项中加点字的意义和用法相同的一项是（）A. 因：①因其固然②因之以饥馑B. 而：①夜缒而出②拔剑切而啖之C. 之：①愿伯具言臣之不敢倍德也②然后驱而之善，故民之从之也轻D. 以：①以吾一日长乎尔②王之无异于百姓之以王为爱5. 下列选项中各句的句式不相同一项是（）A. ①良庖岁更刀，割也②欲诛有功之人，此亡秦之续耳B. ①夫晋，何厌之有②然不自意能先入关破秦C. ①异乎三子者之撰②吾何快于是D. ①百姓之不见保②怵然为戒6. 下列选项中各句的词类活用类型相同的一项是（）A. ①行李之往来，共其乏困②可使有勇，且知方也B. ①范增数目项王②于是项伯复夜去C. ①素善留侯张良②拔剑撞而破之D. ①欲辟土地，朝秦楚②越国以鄙远7. 下列文学文化常识表述不正确的一项是（）A. 会同是古代诸侯朝见天子的通称。

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福建师大附中 2019-2020 学年上学期期中考试卷
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高一数学·必修 1 参考答案

福建师大附中2019-2020学年第一学期高一年段期中考试试卷物理（满分：100分，考试时间：90分钟）试卷说明：（1）本卷共四大题,17小题，所有的题目都解答在答案卷上，考试结束，只要将答案卷交上来。

（2）考试过程中不得使用计算器或具有计算功能的电子设备一、单项选择题：（本大题共8小题，每小题4分，共32分。

每题所给的选项中只有一个是正确的，选对的得4分，错选或不选的得0分）1．伽利略为了研究自由落体的规律，将落体实验转化为著名的沿斜面运动的实验，当时利用斜面做实验主要是考虑到（ ） A ．实验时便于测量小球运动的速度 B ．实验时便于测量小球运动的路程 C ．实验时便于测量小球运动的时间 D ．实验时便于测量小球运动的加速度2.头顶球是足球比赛中常用到的一种技术，如图所示在足球比赛中，关于运动员C 罗在顶球时头顶受到压力产生的直接原因是( ) A ．头的形变 B ．球的形变 C ．球受到的重力 D ．人受到的重力3. 如图所示的装置中，小球的质量均相同，弹簧和细线的质量均不计，一切摩擦忽略不计， 平衡时各弹簧的弹力分别为F 1、F 2、F 3，其大小关系是（ ）A ．F 1 =F 2 =F 3B ．F 1 =F 2 ＜F 3C ．F 1 =F 3 ＞F 2D ．F 3 ＞F 1 ＞F 24.如图所示，木块与皮带接触面粗糙，关于木块所受的力下列说法正确的是（ ） A.木块只受重力和支持力甲 乙 丙 丁B.木块受重力、支持力和静摩擦力C.木块受重力、支持力和向右的滑动摩擦力D.木块受重力、支持力和向左的滑动摩擦力5.三个质量均为2 kg的相同木块a、b、c和两个劲度系数均为500 N/m的相同轻弹簧p、q 用轻绳连接如图，其中a放在光滑水平桌面上．开始时p弹簧处于原长，木块都处于静止．现用水平力缓慢地向左拉p弹簧的左端，直到c木块刚好离开水平地面为止，g取10 m/s2.该过程p弹簧的左端向左移动的距离是( )A．8 cm B．10cm C．12 cm D．16 cm6.一辆警车在平直的公路上以40 m/s的速度巡逻，突然接到报警，在前方不远处有歹徒抢劫，该警车要尽快赶到出事地点且到达出事地点时的速度也为40 m/s，有三种行进方式：a.一直匀速直线运动；b.先减速再加速；c.先加速再减速，则( )A. a种方式先到达B. b种方式先到达C. c种方式先到达D. 条件不足，无法确定7.如图所示，放在水平桌面上的木块A处于静止状态，所挂的砝码和托盘的总质量为0.6 kg，弹簧测力计读数为2 N，滑轮摩擦不计．若轻轻取走盘中的部分砝码，使总质量减少到0.3kg 时，将会出现的情况是(g＝10 m/s2)( )A．弹簧测力计的读数将变小B．A仍静止不动C．A对桌面的摩擦力不变D．A所受的合力将要变大8.如图所示，某学习小组利用直尺估测反应时间：甲同学捏住直尺上端，使直尺保持竖直，直尺零刻度线位于乙同学的两指之间。

.福建师大附中2019－2020学年第一学期期末模块测试高二英语第Ⅰ卷(共82分)第一部分：听力（共20题；每小题1分，共20分）第一节听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小題，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What will the man do?A Send an email. B. Call back later. C. Leave a message.2. When does the woman like to climb the hill?A. In the winter.B. In the spring.C. In the summer.3. What is the man doing?A. Doing back movements.B. Doing exercises for his stomach.C. Watching the new exercise program.4. What is the conversation mainly about?A. Cleaning the room.B. Buying school supplies.C. Clearing up a school bag.5. What does the woman suggest the man do?A. Study hard.B. See a doctor.C. Find a part-time job.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. Who is the woman?A. A writer.B. A singer.C. A teacher.7. What happened during the concert?A. The audience shouted loudly.B. The performance was stopped.C. All the lights went out suddenly.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

福建省福建师范大学附属中学（原时代中学）2023-2024学年九年级上学期期中英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单项选择1．Which of the following underlined part is different in pronunciation?2．My grandma is good at paper-cutting. She can cut out pictures in the ________ of cartoon characters.A．shape B．height C．weight3．—Sam is well organized.—Exactly. ________ in his room is in good order.A．Nothing B．Something C．Everything 4．—Could you come to help me?—OK, I’ll go to your house ________.A．probably B．immediately C．recently5．—Do you know when he ________ to Italy on business?—When he ________ tomorrow, I’ll call you.A．will go; is leaving B．is going; leaves C．goes; will leave 6．—Why was Mr. Wilson so angry with John?—Because John broke the window ________. It wasn’t an accident.A．by chance B．at times C．on purpose7．________ he accepted the invitation, he didn’t appear at the party.A．Whenever B．Whatever C．Although8．—Will your younger brother go for a picnic this Sunday?—If I don’t go, ________.A．so does he B．neither will he C．neither does he 9．—Mr. Black ________ his son ________ on the cellphone too long last night.—Well, kids can’t control themselves and can lose themselves in it.A．punished; for playing B．praised; for playing C．encouraged; to play 10．—I still haven’t ________ my pet dog.—________. You must be very sad.A．found out; That’s all right B．discovered; That’s rightC．found; I’m sorry to hear that11．—Look, how ________ they are!—They have ________ in working out the math problem.A．happy; difficulty B．pleased; succeeded C．disappointed; managed 12．—He is really a kind-hearted man.—Yes. He often ________ some food ________ beggars.A．offers; to B．supplies; for C．provides; with 13．The doll is ________ on her bed as usual before she goes to school.A．lied B．lain C．laid14．—There is still ________ pollution near our community.—We ought to do what we can ________ the problem.A．too much; to solve B．much too; to solve C．so much; solve 15．—Excuse me, could you tell me ________?—It’s twenty minutes by underground.A．how I can get to your schoolB．how long does it take to get to your schoolC．how far it is from your home to your school二、完形填空helps you forget your stress in this world for a little bit.For sure, there’s nothing better than laughing. Laughing is the best medicine. It can really keep 24 off your mind! Very often I call my best friend and we 25 our good times or something funny, and I’m feeling better before I know it.Remember many others also face the problem of stress just like you, and it is not something that cannot be dealt with.16．A．ways B．reasons C．results17．A．walk B．jump C．stand18．A．jokes B．sports C．tasks19．A．if B．until C．unless 20．A．lovely B．friendly C．happy 21．A．somewhere B．everywhere C．anywhere 22．A．copy B．write C．read23．A．ever B．never C．seldom 24．A．worry B．pity C．pain25．A．think about B．talk about C．care about三、阅读单选★This kind of CPR is for teenagers and grown-ups, not for young children.26．We CANNOT give the CPR to ________.A．teenagers B．babies C．parents D．adults 27．We can start performing CPR when the person ________.A．has a fever B．falls down C．is in blood D．doesn’t breathe 28．How many stops are mentioned in the passage?A．Four.B．Five.C．Six.D．Seven. 29．How fast should we push the chest?A．About 30 times a minute.B．About 60 times a minute.C．About 120 times a minute.D．About 140 times a minute. 30．Which is Right about performing CPR?A．We should use our palm.B．We should sit on the ground.C．We needn’t check if the person is OK first.D．We should put our arms on the chest of the person.For 16-year-old Ma Yifei, the violin performance of the Beijing 2022 Olympic theme song, Snowflake, was her best present for Paralympians (残奥运动员) all over the world. Even though snowflakes are related to winter, she let others feel warmth, hope and light through her performance. “I’m also disabled and I want to do something for them with my music,” said Ma.Ma went blind at the age of two because of an illness. She became interested in music when she was young. She started to learn to play the piano at five and the violin at nine, experiencing the “colorful” music through sound and emotion.Ma’s mother Ha Chunyan, a former music teacher in a primary school, helped hermemorize the music score (乐谱) before she played the piano. Ma could not see the keys and always played the wrong notes. It took her thousands of tries to play a piece correctly.Learning the violin was more challenging. Ma needed to feel the teacher’s hands, arms and back to learn the movements, and listen to the strings (弦) over and over again to feel the muscles (肌肉) herself.“After three years of learning, she still could not make any sound except terrible noises,” said Ha, who advised her daughter to give up the violin. But Ma said, “As I’ve been practicing so long, it’s hard to give up. I believe I will play better if I persist in practicing.”In 2018, Ma got a chance to follow Sheng Yuan and Cao Yuhan, famous musicians from the Central Conservatory of Music, to study music in Beijing. She left her home in Ningxia to follow her musical dream, though she knew there would be more challenges ahead.Ma expressed her excitement about performing at the big event. “All my hard work has paid off. I’m proud of standing on the stage today.”根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

名句名篇默写补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

（1）曾记否，_______________，_____________？（《沁园春长沙》）（2）___________，不仁；失其所与，不知；__________，不武。

（《烛之武退秦师》）（3）真的猛士，______________，_____________。

（《记念刘和珍君》）（4）往事越千年，____________，_____________。

（《浪淘沙北戴河》）（5）《记念刘和珍君》中作者对“沉默”作出预言，发出革命号召的两句是：_______________，_______________。

【答案】到中流击水浪遏飞舟因人之力而敝之以乱易整敢于直面惨淡的人生敢于正视淋漓的鲜血魏武扬鞭东临碣石有遗篇不沉默中爆发就在沉默中灭亡【解析】试题分析：本题主要考查默写常见的名句名篇的能力。

名句默写分为两大类，一是给出语境的理解性默写，二是给出上句写下句的直接默写。

此类试题解答时，默写要注意字形，而字形与字义分不开，学生应借助字义来识记字形。

注意重点字的写法。

如“遏”“敝”“漓”“爆”要理解字义去记忆。

学生记忆的时候应该结合诗句的意思。

选择题下列词语中加点的字，读音全都正确的一组是A. 拓本（tuó）翌日（yì）漫溯（sù）殒身不恤（xù）B. 包扎（zā ）忤视（wǔ）浸渍（zì）锲而不舍（qì）C. 褴褛（lán lǚ）尸骸（hái）不惮（shàn）沆瀣一气（hàng）D. 弄堂（lòng）攒射（cuán）莅临（lì）封妻荫子（yìn）【答案】D【解析】试题分析：本题考查考生识记现代汉语字音的能力。

此类试题解答时，字音重点考核多音字、形声字、形似字、音近字、方言、生僻字等，多音字注意据义定音，要找规律，结合词义、词性、运用场合等记忆。

2018-2019学年福建省师范大学附属中学高一上学期期中考试数学试题数学注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。

写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

一、单选题1．已知集合A ={x|y =log 2(x −2)}，B ={y|y =x 2−1,x ∈R}，则A ∪B = A ．(−1,+∞) B ．[−1,+∞) C ．(2,+∞) D ．(−∞,+∞) 2．下列函数中与函数y =x 相等的函数是 A ．y =x 2xB ．y =(√x)2C ．y =log 33xD ．y =3log 3x3．若f:x →x 2+1是集合A 到B 的函数，且值域B ={1,3}，则满足条件的A 有 A ．4个 B ．3个 C ．2个 D ．1个 4．设a =log 36,b =log 510,c =log 714，则A ．b >c >aB ．c >b >aC ．a >b >cD ．a >c >b 5．下列函数中，既是偶函数又在(0，+∞)上单调递增的是A ．y =e x +e −xB ．y =e x −e −xC ．y =(lgx )2D ．y =|lgx | 6．设函数f(x)={2x −1x ≤0log 3x +1x >0 则f(f(√39))=A ．√22−1 B ．√2−1 C ．√23−1 D ．√24−17．若函数f (x )=log a (x +b )的图象如图所示,其中a ，b 为常数，则函数g (x )=a x +b 的图象大致是A ．B ．C ．D ．8．若f(x)对于任意实数x 都有2f(x)−f(1x )=2x +1，则f(2)= A ．0 B ．1 C ．83 D ．49．已知f (x )是定义在R 上的奇函数，f (x )在区间[0，+∞)上单调递减,则使得|f (2x +1)|<|f (5)|成立的x 的取值范围是A ．(−3，2)B ．(−2，3)C ．(−2，2)D ．[−3，2]10．已知函数f(x)={x 2+(4a −3)x +3a,x <0,log a (x +1)+1,x ≥0,在R 上单调递减，则实数a 的取值范围是A ．[13,34] B ．(13，34] C ．(0，13] D ．(0,34)11．已知函数f (x )={|log 2x |, 0<x ≤423x 2−8x +703, x >4 ，若a,b,c,d 互不相同，且满足f (a )=f (b )=f (c )=f (d )，则abcd 的取值范围是A ．(32,33)B ．(32,34)C ．(32,35)D ．(32,36)12．已知函数f(x)=3|x−p 1|，g(x)=3|x−p 2|，p 1≠p 2，则下列四个结论中正确的是 ①y =f(x)图象可由y =g(x)图象平移得到；②函数f(x)+g(x)的图象关于直线x =p 1+p 22对称；③函数f(x)−g(x)的图象关于点(p 1+p 22,0)对称；④不等式f(x)>g(x)的解集是(p 1+p 22,+∞).A ．①②④B ．①③④C ．①②③D ．①②③④二、填空题13．已知函数f(x)=a x−3+2,(a >0 ，且 a ≠1)那么其图象经过的定点坐标是___. 14．函数y =√log 21x−3的定义域为___________15．已知函数f(x)=a x 3−b x +2,(a,b ∈R)，f(lg2)=3,则f(lg 12)=______ 16．已知f(x)是奇函数，当x >0时，f(x)=−x2x+1；则当x <0时，f(x)=______ 17．设函数f(x)={x 2+2x,x <0,−x 2,x ≥0,f (f(a))≤3，则实数a 的取值范围是____．18．若方程lgkx =2lg(x +1)仅有一个实根，那么k 的取值范围是 ．此卷只装订不密封 班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号三、解答题19．已知集合A ={x|x 2+(5−a)x −5a ≤0},集合B ={x|−3≤x ≤6},全集为R . (1) 设a =5时，求A ∩（C R B ）； (2) 若A ∩（C R B ）=A ,求实数a 的取值范围. 20．设函数f(x)=|2x −1|+|x +3|． (1) 求不等式f(x)>5的解集；(2) 若不等式f(x)≥|2m +1|恒成立，求实数m 的取值范围． 21．已知定义域为R 的函数f (x )=−2x +a 2x +1是奇函数.(1) 求实数a 的值；(2) 判断并用定义证明该函数在定义域R 上的单调性；(3) 若方程f (4x −b )+f (−2x+1)=0在(−3,log 23)内有解，求实数b 的取值范围．22．为了净化空气，某科研单位根据实验得出，在一定范围内，每喷洒1个单位的净化剂，空气中释放的浓度y (单位：毫克/立方米)随着时间x (单位：天)变化的函数关系式近似为y ＝161,048{ ,15,4102x x x x -≤≤--<≤ 若多次喷洒，则某一时刻空气中的净化剂浓度为每次投放的净化剂在相应时刻所释放的浓度之和．由实验知，当空气中净化剂的浓度不低于4(毫克/立方米)时，它才能起到净化空气的作用．(1)若一次喷洒4个单位的净化剂，则净化时间可达几天？(2)若第一次喷洒2个单位的净化剂，6天后再喷洒a (1≤a ≤4)个单位的药剂，要使接下来的4天中能够持续有效净化，试求a 的最小值(精确到0.1，参考数据:取1.4)．2018-2019学年福建省师范大学附属中学高一上学期期中考试数学试题数学 答 案参考答案 1．B 【解析】 【分析】由对数函数的定义域化简集合A ；由二次函数的值域化简集合B ，根据并集的定义可得结果. 【详解】因为合A ={x|y =log 2(x −2)}={x|x >2}， 集合B ={y |y =x 2−1,x ∈R }= {y|y ≥−1}， 所以A ∪B = {y|y ≥−1}= [−1,+∞)，故选B . 【点睛】研究集合问题，一定要抓住元素，看元素应满足的属性.研究两集合的关系时，关键是将两集合的关系转化为元素间的关系，本题实质求满足属于集合A 或属于集合B 的元素的集合.2．C 【解析】 【分析】根据两个函数的定义域、值域、对应关系是否都相同，即可判断它们是否为同一函数. 【详解】 对于A ，y =x 2x=x 定义域为x ≠0，与y =x,x ∈R 的定义域不同，不是同一函数；对于B ，y =(√x)2=x,x ≥0与y =x,x ∈R 的定义域不同，不是同一函数；对于C ，y =log 33x =x,x ∈R 与y =x,x ∈R 的定义域相同，值域相同，对应关系也相同，是同一函数；对于D ，y =3log 3x，x >0,与y =x,x ∈R 的定义域不同，不是同一函数，故选C.【点睛】本题通过判断几组函数是否为同一函数主要考查函数的定义域、值域以及对应法则，属于中档题.判断函数是否为同一函数，能综合考查学生对函数定义的理解，是单元测试卷经常出现的题型，要解答这类问题，关键是看两个函数的三要素：定义域、值域、对应法则是否都相同，三者有一个不同，两个函数就不是同一函数.3．B 【解析】 【分析】由x 2+1=1可得x =0，由x 2+1=3可得x =±√2，列举出满足条件的定义域，从而可得结果. 【详解】因为f:x →x 2+1是集合A 到B 的函数，且值域B ={1,3}， 由x 2+1=1可得x =0，由x 2+1=3可得x =±√2，所以函数f:x →x 2+1的定义域可能是：{0,√2},{0,−√2},{0,√2,−√2}， 所以，满足条件的A 有3个，故选B. 【点睛】本题主要考查函数的定义域，函数的值域，意在考查对基础知识的掌握与灵活应用，属于中档题.4．C 【解析】 【分析】利用log a (xy )=log a x +log a y (x,y >0)化简a,b,c ,然后由log 27>log 25>log 23>0可比较log 32,log 52,log 72大小，从而可得结果.【详解】∵a =log 36=1+log 32,b =log 510=1+log 52,c =log 714=1+log 72， ∵y =log 2x 是增函数，∴log 27>log 25>log 23>0，∵log 27=1log 72,log 55=1log 52,log 23=1log 32，∴log 32>log 52>log 72， ∴a >b >c ，故选C. 【点睛】本题主要考查对数的运算、换底公式的应用以及对数函数单调性的应用，意在考查综合应用所学知识解答问题的能力，属于中档题.5．A 【解析】 【分析】由函数y =e x −e −x 是奇函数判断B ； 由y =|lgx |，y =(lgx )2定义域不对称，不是偶函数也不是奇函数判断C 、D ；根据奇偶性的定义可证明y =e x +e −x 是偶函数，利用导数证明其在(0，+∞)上单调递增.【详解】对于A ，令f (x )=y =e x +e −x ,x ∈R ，定义域关于y 轴对称，f (−x )=e −x +e x =f (x )，则函数为偶函数，f′(x )=e x −e −x=e 2x −1e x>0在(0,+∞)恒成立，则函数在(0,+∞)上单调递增，故A 正确；对于B ，函数y =e x −e −x 是奇函数，不合题意；对于C ，y =(lgx )2定义域不对称，不是偶函数也不是奇函数，不合题意； 对应D ，y =|lgx |定义域不对称，不是偶函数也不是奇函数，不合题意，故选A. 【点睛】本题主要考查函数的奇偶性与单调性，属于中档题. 判断函数的奇偶性首先要看函数的定义域是否关于原点对称，如果不对称，既不是奇函数又不是偶函数，如果对称常见方法有：（1）直接法， f (−x )=±f (x )(正为偶函数，负为奇函数)；（2）和差法， f (−x )±f (x )=0（和为零奇函数，差为零偶函数）；（3）作商法，f (−x )f (x )=±1（1 为偶函数，−1 为奇函数）.6．A 【解析】 【分析】根据分段函数的解析式，先求f (√39)的值，再求f(f(√39))的值. 【详解】∵函数f (x )={2x −1,x ≤0log 3x +1,x >0 ,√39>0，∴f (√39)=log 3√39+1=log 33−32+1=−12，∴f (−12)=2−12−1=√22−1，f(f(√39))=√22−1，故选A.【点睛】求分段函数的函数值，要先确定要求值的自变量属于哪一段区间，然后代入该段的解析式求值，当出现f(f(a))的形式时，应从内到外依次求值．7．D 【解析】解：由于函数图像的单调性底数a 小于1，则函数g(x)=a x +b 也是单调递减，则排除A,B ，然后因为f(x)=log a (x +b)的定义域x>-1,则说明b=1,从而g(x)=a x +b 过点（0,2），排除C ，选D 。

福建师大附中2019-2020学年第一学期高一期末考试试卷一、单项选择题：（本大题共8小题，每小题4分，共32分。

每题所给的选项中只有一个是正确的，选对的得4分，错选或不选的得0分）1.福建师大附中物理组校本课程《疯狂物理》开设了制作水火箭这节课（如图所示），其原理图如图所示：用橡皮塞紧的装水瓶子，形成一个密闭的空间。

在发射水火箭前，用打气筒把气体打入密闭的容器内，使得容器内空气的气压增大，当气压增大到一定程度时，瓶口与橡皮塞自由脱离。

假设箭内水向下喷出时，火箭获得向上的速度，以下说法正确的是：A. 水火箭的水向下喷出时，水给水火箭一个向上的反作用力B. 水火箭的水向下喷出时，周围的空气给水火箭一个向上的反作用力C. 水火箭的水向下喷出时，给火箭向上的力小于水火箭的重力D. 水火箭的水向下喷出时，给火箭向上的力等于于水火箭的重力【答案】A【解析】【详解】AB.由牛顿第三定律可知，当水火箭向下喷水时，水会给火箭一个向上的反作用力，A正确，B错误；CD.由于水火箭向下喷水时，水火箭有向上的加速度，有牛顿第二定律可知，给火箭向上的力大于水火箭的重力，C、D错误；故选A。

2.如图所示,为伽利略设计的斜面实验．伽利略理想实验是将可靠的事实和理论思维结合起来，能更深刻地反映自然规律．下面给出了伽利略斜面实验的四个事件：①减小斜面BC的倾角（图中BC′），小球将通过较长的路程，仍能到达原来的高度②由静止释放小球，小球沿斜面AB滚下，滚上另一斜面BC，高度几乎与原来相同③如果没有摩擦，小球将上升到原来的高度④继续减小BC的倾角，最终使它水平，小球将沿水平面以恒定速度一直运动下去对事件性质的判断及排序，正确的是( )A. 事实②→推论①→事实③→推论④B. 事实①→推论②→事实③→推论④C. 事实②→推论①→推论④→推论③D. 事实②→推论③→推论①→推论④【答案】D【解析】【详解】先是根据事实：由静止释放小球，小球沿斜面AB滚下，滚上另一斜面BC，高度几乎与原来相同，推出：如果没有摩擦，小球将上升到原来的高度，根据这个推论，在进一步推出：减小斜面BC的倾角（图中BC′），小球将通过较长的路程，仍能到达原来的高度，最后得出继续减小BC的倾角，最终使它水平，小球将沿水平面以恒定速度一直运动下去，即力不是维持物体运动的原因；A．事实②→推论①→事实③→推论④，与结论不相符，选项A错误；B．事实①→推论②→事实③→推论④，与结论不相符，选项B错误；C．事实②→推论①→推论④→推论③，与结论不相符，选项C错误；D．事实②→推论③→推论①→推论④，与结论相符，选项D正确；3.声音在空气中的传播速度v与空气的密度ρ、压强p有关．根据单位制，下列关于空气中声速的表达式(k为比例系数，无单位)正确的是（）A. v＝kpρ B. v＝kpρC. v＝kpρD. v＝kpρ【答案】B【解析】【分析】根据传播速度υ 与空气的密度ρ以及压强p的单位，结合“力学制单位”来求解．【详解】传播速度v的单位m/s，密度ρ的单位kg/m3，P的单位kg/m•s2，所以Pρ的单位是m2/s2，Pρ的单位是m/s，k无单位，所以kPρ的单位与v的单位相同．故选B．4.气象研究小组用如图所示的简易装置测定水平风速.在水平地面上竖直固定一直杆,半径为R、质量为m的薄空心塑料球用细线悬于杆顶端O,当水平风吹来时,球在风力的作用下飘起来.已知风力大小正比于风速和球正对风的截面积,当风速v0=3 m/s时,测得球平衡时细线与竖直方向的夹角θ=30°.下列说法正确的是()A. 当θ=60°时,风速v=6 m/sB. 当风速增大到某一值时,θ可能等于90°C. 若风速不变,换用半径变大、质量不变的球,则θ不变D. 若风速不变,换用半径相等、质量变大的球,则θ减小【答案】D【解析】【详解】设球正对风的截面积为S，由于已知风力大小正比于风速和球正对风的截面积，所以风力大小为F=kSv，当速度为3m/s时，由平衡条件得，m gtan30°=Sv0k，当角度为60°时，同理可得m gtan60°=Svk，由此可解的v=9m/s，故A错误．风速增大，θ不可能变为90°，因为绳子拉力在竖直方向上的分力与重力平衡．故B错误．若风速不变，换用半径变大、质量不变的球，则风力变大，根据F=m gtanθ，知θ变大．故C 错误．若风速不变，换用半径相等、质量变大的球，知风力不变，根据F=m gtanθ，知重力减小，风力不变，则θ减小．故D正确．5.如图甲所示为某景区内的高空滑索运动，质量为m的游客可利用轻绳通过轻质滑环悬吊下滑。