江苏省高考英语阅读理解15篇

阅读理解Society tells us we should socialize to the fullest, and that those who are surrounded by people are the most successful and the happiest. These days, we’re almost always connected, whether in person or through our phone screens and online social networks. But there’s something to be said for solitude (独处) Being alone “ doesn’t necessarily mean ” being lonely”. In fact, spending time by yourself is an essential element of self-care.Around the globe, different cultures have wide-ranging perspectives on what it means to spend time alone. If you live or have spent time in the United States, you’re probably aware that Americans tend to reject solitude. For many younger people, weekends are packed with social activities, ranging from brunch with friends to dinner parties to game nights to drinking at bars and everything in between.The United States isn’t the only place where you’ll find a heavy emphasis on social time. Across the Atlantic, the United Kingdom is known for being an extremely extroverted (外向型的) country. A survey of Brits found that more than half had never done and would be unwilling to do activities like going to theme parks or seeing live music alone. Most Brits spend almost twice as much of their leisure time socializing with others a as they do being alone.The home can be a place of rest, relaxation and recharge-that is, if you live by yourself or have the space to be alone in your home. The country in which people are least likely to live alone is India, at about 4 percent of the population. China is also quite fond of multiple-person households, with only about 10 percent of people living by themselves. In more collectivist cultures like these, many aspects of life revolve(围绕) around community. Thus, spending time alone isn’t as ingrained (根深蒂固的) as a social convention in places like these, and the good of the group takes priority over the needs of one person.1．What can we learn from the first paragraph?A．People can benefit more from solitude.B．People tend to socialize more nowadays. C．Bring alone generally equals being lonely.D．Being alone enables people to be carefree. 2．Which of the following best describes young Americans?A．Imaginative and wild.B．Sensitive and energeticC．Outgoing and sociable.D．Optimistic and dutiful.3．How does the author prove his point?A．By making a summary.B．By drawing comparisons.C．By explaining a concept.D．By providing examples.4．Why are most Chinese people more likely to live together?A．Because they share a specific culture.B．Because they lack some local customs. C．Because they possess enough home Space.D．Because they give priority to their own needs.Heat, cold and touch are crucial for experiencing the world around us and for our own survival. But how our bodies actually do it had been one of the great mysteries (神秘) of biology. Scientists who discovered how our bodies feel the warmth of the sun or the hug of a loved one have won the Nobel Prize.David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian, from the US, share the 2021 prize in Medicine or Physiology for their work on sensing touch and temperature. They explored how our bodies convert physical sensations into electrical messages in the nervous system. Their findings could lead to new ways of treating pain.Thomas Perlman, from the Nobel Prize Committee, said: “It was a very important and profound discovery.” Prof David Julius’s breakthrough, at the University of Calfornia, San Francisco, came from investigating the burning pain we feel from eating a hot chilli pepper (辣椒) . He experimented with the source of a chilli’s heat and discovered the specific type of receptor (感觉器官) that responded to it. Further tests showed the receptor was responding to heat and kicked in at “painful“ temperatures. This is what happens, for example，if you you’re your hand on a cup of coffee.This led to a senses of other temperature sensors being discovered. Prof Julius and Prof Ardem Palapoutian found one that could detect cold. Meanwhile, Prof Patapoutian, working at the Scrips Research institute, was also analyzing cells in a dish. Those experiments led to the discovery of a different type of receptor that a was activated (激活)in response to mechanical force or touch. When you walk along a beach and feel the sand under your feet-it is these receptors that are sending signals to the brain.The first heat sensor is also involved’ in lasting pain and how our body regulates its core temperature. The touch receptor has multiple roles, from urinating to blood pressure. The Prize Committee said their work had “allowed us to understand how heat, cold and mechanical forcecan initiate the nerve impulses (刺激) that allow us to perceive and adapt to the world around us. 5．What made David and Ardem win the Nobel Prize?A．Mysterious experiences B．Biological discoveries.C．Exploration of sun heat.D．Survival in high temperature.6．What does the underlined word “convert” in Paragraph 2 mean?A．Translate.B．Persuade.C．Change.D．Lead.7．Which contributed to the discovery of different temperature sensors?A．Burning hands on a coffee cup.B．The chilli pepper experiment.C．Raising painful temperatures.D．The analysis of cells in a dish.8．What could the discovery be applied to?A．Testing blood pressure.B．Promoting beach tourism.C．Perceiving coffee color.D．Treating some diseases.When my father, who grew up on Tyneside, moved to the country in the 70s, he rapidly began accepting invitations to blood sports. He enjoyed the company, the sport and the hours spent out in the wild.From about the age of eight, I was invited to accompany him on these weekend excursions, much like a child being taken to their first football matches. I was fed up with the early starts and standing around in freezing conditions, waiting for birds to be driven into the sky, to their deaths, over a line of booming guns. But I wanted to please my dad.So years later-aged 27, I accepted an invitation to go deer hunting in Scotland with my father.The hunting party assembled one Friday in September. The driver was also our ghillie, a tough figure whose job it was to identify elderly or weak deer that were selected for hunting and guide us to them through wind, fog and rain.“Why are you doing this?” I kept asking myself. “What would have been wrong with a walk? Or a guided wildlife tour?”And then, suddenly, the ghillie almost pushed me to the ground. He pointed at a cloud of fog about a hundred yards ahead. I was baffled, until the cloud lifted like a curtain to reveal-directly in front of us one of the most magnificent living creatures I have ever seen.“Now!” the ghillie hissed in my ear. “Now’s your chance. The deer! Remember. You want tokill it, not wound it.”I adjusted my position, focused down the scope once more and placed my finger on the trigger (扳机). And, of course, I didn’t fire. Another curtain of mist came; when it lifted, seconds later, the stag had disappeared.But I wasn’t disappointed. I was elated. I had come — via a telescopic sight — face to face with an old but most beautiful, iconic and noble beasts of Britain, roaming free in an empty and deserted land of his kingdom.It was moment of truth and lasting inspiration. I could never have killed that deer-not in any context, for any reason But I would, a decade Inter, write a story about him Not just one book, but four, about little boy and the stag that persuades him to help save the world’s last remaining animals The encounter with that magnificent stag changed my life And guess what-those stories did please my dad.9．What is the writer’s inner feeling of blood sports?A．They involve various risks.B．They will lose popularity.C．They are simple but pleasing.D．They are unpleasant to deal with. 10．What does the underlined word “baffled” in paragraph 5 mean?A．Disappointed.B．Confused.C．Amazed.D．Reliable. 11．Why didn’t the writer take the shot?A．He was struck by the elderly deer.B．His sight was blocked by the mist.C．The guide found the old deer was injured.D．The deer ran away before he positioned himself.12．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A．A miracle adventure B．An unforgettable momentC．Wildlife tours: a way of protection D．Blood sports: an inspiration for stories Scholars have found music and language seem closely linked But how? Some similarities are obvious. Both can express emotion. And both are highly social. AI a structural level the parallel are striking too. With a limited set of notes or words, and a limited set of rules, a limitless variety of novel melodies or sentences can be created Animal communication, by contrast, is only able to convey a limited number of thoughts.Aniruddh Patel of Tufts University has argued that music and language, rather than being essentially the same, rely on the same bit of the brain. In an experiment he presented his subjects with a sentence that contained a grammatical trick ("The scientist confirmed the hypothesis was being studied in his lab"), revealing one word at a time. The subjects were to press a button for each word at their own pace. Many pushed at the unexpected “was. "The scientist confirmed the hypothesis" seemed a complete sentence.They also heard music as they performed this exercise. Some were treated to a new chord (和弦) in a pleasing progression with every word that was revealed. Others herd an annoying chord at the moment they reached the trick word "was". Both groups slowed down but those given the discordant(不和谐的) notes did so much more.Another striking contrast lies in the range of human talent for each ability. Nearly all children produce complex sentences by the age of three and become fluent speakers just a few years after that. By contrast, only a minority of adults are talented musicians; even fewer are skilled composers of new works.Victor Wooten, a music teacher, points out, children learn to talk by being constantly surrounded by fluent older speakers who are practicing with them almost from birth. Their awkward efforts are encouraged. On the other. hand, students of music often keep company with other beginners, and are stopped when having a mistake.It is not that simple, thinks Jay Keyser, a professor of linguistics. For him, music is not like spoken prose, which almost everyone can learn without any difficulties, but instead resembles a specific form of language: poetry, whose rhythm is hard to find.13．What is the similarity between music and language at the structural level?A．Both have complicated structures.B．Both have strict grammatical rules.C．Both can form unlimited structures.D．Both can express limited meanings.14．What can we learn about Aniruddh Patel's experiment?A．Different music varies greatly in the impact on people's life.B．Appreciation of music helped them understand the sentence.C．Understanding of the structure was not affected by the music.D．The discordant music made the sentence structure more difficult.15．What leads to the difference according to Victor Wooten?A．The influence cast by those around them.B．The age when they start to acquire the abilities.C．The way their mistakes in learning are handled.D．The expectations they get from those around them.16．What does Jay Keyser want to say in the last paragraph?A．It is difficult to compose music.B．Language can hardly make life fun.C．Music is not as easy to learn.D．Music comes from spoken prose.Modern zoos aim to promote animal conservation, educate people, and support further wildlife research. Staff are devoted to providing species specific housing and appropriate diets to ensure that the animals’ lives are as natural as possible within captivity (圈养).In fact, most zoo animals have been born and bred in captivity. They have never experienced “the wild”, which many people assume is a wonderful and safe place, despite destruction of natural habits for palm oil threats from climate change or the increase in poaching.There are two ways capturing animals helps conserve them. Zoo conservation work can be in-situ (在原处)where money: expertise and sometimes staff are provided to protect animals and their habitats in the wild. Large, charming animals such as pandas, tigers or elephants draw the crowds. These flagship species help to raise the image and funds for in-situ conservation efforts for the not so well known species“Ex-situ” conservation, meanwhile, takes place outside of the animals’ natural habitats, usually back at the zoo and often involving international captive breeding programs. These studbooks(良种登记册) can outline suitable genetic matches for breeding, to keep a sustainable captive population of a certain species and ensure genetic variation.In the UK a least, zoos must have a written education strategy and an active education programme.If you have been to an accredited (官方认可的) zoo recently you will have noticed they use games and technology to go way beyond these basic requirements.Research within zoos often looks at animal behaviour or welfare helping to ensure theanimals are well housed and fed. Other research investigates the impact humans have on the zoo animals from the visitor effect to the relationships which can be formed between the animals and their keepers. Research also focuses on biological functioning of animals. Much of this is work that cannot be conducted in the wild if the animals live in remote or inhospitable areas.Overall, zoos provide opportunities to observe and engage with exotic (外国的) animals, many of which may be threatened with extinction in the wild. Seeing them up close can cause a passion for biology, conservation and the environment.17．What do people think of “the wild”?A．It poses a danger to humans.B．It is perfect for large animalsC．It is an ideal habitat for animals.D．It guarantees the safety of animals.18．What highlights “ex-situ” conservation?A．Saving the conservation cost.B．Attracting more visitors to zoos.C．Keeping a species’ population stable.D．Changing the genes of a certain species.19．What is Paragraph 6 mainly about?A．How zoo keepers get along with animals.B．How zoos can contribute to research work.C．What researchers are expected to do in zoos.D．Why it is difficult to carry out research in the wild.20．What is the author’s purpose in wring the text?A．To show zoos ways to raise animals.B．To stress modern zoos research value.C．To defend zoos role in protecting animals.D．To advise zoos to release animals into the wild.My name is Destiny, working at a Psychological Counselling Center. In my teens, there was nothing special about me. My older sister, Antia, is beautiful. My younger brother, Tye, is a talent at the age 13. He completely skipped the sixth grade. How do I compete with that?My mom and I were home alone one day. I went into the room where she was watching television and I blurted out (脱口而出), “Mom, is there anything special about me?”She thought about it for a moment and then turned down TV. She took a deep breath, took my hand and exhaled (呼气).“You have the ability to say just the right thing at just the right time.”“Really? Is that it, words?” I tried to keep my voice steady (稳定的) but I could hear the anger even as I fought to control it.“It’s more than words, Destiny,” my mom said. I know my mother meant well but I felt worse than ever. I burst into tears.The next day is when my whole life changed. I went to school earlier than before and noticed Darwin sitting across the room which was strange because no one ever noticed Darwin. Suddenly, Darwin stood up and threw away all his books, shouting loudly. I could hear screaming and crying but the sounds seemed distant as I focused my full attention on Darwin six feet in front of me. I felt the words swell up in me. “Darwin,” I heard myself say with a calm, steady voice. “I have family and friends with so much talent and potential and I have none. There is nothing special about me.” From the corner of my eye, I could see others staring at me in silence. I continued talking. “You are so smart. You can answer questions that the teacher hasn’t even asked yet. Do you know that everyone in this class is envious (嫉妒的) of you?” Hearing my words, he calmed down and gave me a big hug.Then the teacher came. Learning about what happened, the teacher smiled, “That was a great job you did, young lady. Superman could not have done a better job than you did here today.” I couldn’t believe that she compared me to Super man. I work at Psychological Counselling Center now. There is a cork board over my desk filed with thank-you cards and letters from people who say they owe their lives, careers, or their families to my words. But tome, they are more than words. They are my super power!21．Why does the author mention her sister and brother?A．She is envious of them.B．She feels really proud of them.C．She wants to show family love.D．She considers competing with them. 22．What is the author’s reaction to her mother’s words in Paragraph 6?A．She said more words to her mother.B．She could hardly believe her mother.C．She understood her mother’s white lie.D．She had doubt about her mother’s love.23．What do we know about Darwin from the text?A．He quarreled with his classmates.B．He lacked great talent and potential.C．He failed again in the examination.D．He suddenly lost control for some reason. 24．Which is a suitable title for the text?A．A Brave Superman B．The Power of WordsC．A Strange Classmate D．The Future of a CareerWhen we moved into our home in Maui, Hawaii, 16 years ago, one good thing about this house was the huge avocado tree growing in the backyard.This tree gave the most delicious avocados I have ever tasted. I lived on these avocados when nursing my first child. Fresh avocado was the very first food for my kids. This tree was so huge that it cast a massive shadow over our backyard. It was truly our magical tree.Until one day, someone from the Health Department came to tell us that our avocado tree was too large and needed trimming. In New York, you get in trouble if you don’t clear the snow off your sidewalk. Here, it’s when your trees are too high. So along came the trimmer, leaving just the trunk and a few branches. I was sad. The kids were all sad. Some friends who knew it would say, “It’s going to grow back. Your next avocados will be crazy!” Yeah, whatever. The tree is gone, so stop doing that. It just didn’t work.But a few days later, I noticed some unusual butterflies flying around the yard. And then, the sun came in the kitchen, creating this pleasant warmth once blocked by the huge tree. After about a month, I started to notice some tiny green shoots coming out of the cut branches, which eventually turned into full-on bright green leaves.I started to feel like all was going to be fine, kind of like life. Little do we know what seems really difficult is actually life’s way of making us stronger. It’s life’s way of bringing in the butterflies, the sunshine, and the delightful flowers. We all know that saying, “It will be OK in the end. If it’s not, it’s not the end.”25．What is mainly conveyed in paragraph 2 about the avocado tree?A．Her kids’ love for it.B．Its fruit’s good taste.C．Her expectation of it.D．Its benefits for her family.26．Why did the author’s friends say the words in paragraph 3?A．To laugh at her.B．To cheer her up.C．To show their regret.D．To express their excitement.27．What happened to the avocado tree in the end?A．It had no branches.B．It blocked the sunshine.C．It was full of life again.D．It bore more avocados.28．What message does the author seem to convey in the text?A．You harvest what you sow.B．Luck and Misfortune comes in turn. C．Success won’t come unless you go to it.D．The important thing in life is to have a dream.Sara Braden doesn’t have time to lose things. She’s a working mom with a lot more hobbies than her friends, and when she misplaces her keys or leaves her purse at a restaurant, she becomes annoyed and impatient. “It impacts me greatly,” says Braden, 35, a Washington officer.According to a recent study led by Daniel Arely, a professor of psychology at Harvard University, Braden has ADHD, a type of attention disorder, which, she says, makes her “likely to put things in certain places and not remember where I put them.”Her anxiety is familiar to anyone whose phone is missing a dozen times a day. Such kind of mistakes might result in a constant fear: Is something wrong with me? Probably not. “It’s common and certainly annoying,” says Professor Arely. “Most of the time, losing things is a breakdown of attention and memory. We’re thinking about something else. We have other concerns occupying our attention, and then we never really add the information to memory about where we’ve put the object.”The study shows that, sometimes, people with ADHD report that losing things affects their work productivity or relationships. For example, if they can’t find their keys all the time and are late for a dinner party, they could anger their friends. In that case, it’s worth being evaluated by a doctor. Nevertheless, not all cases deserve special attention. Actually, people who have had ADHD since they were teens have nothing much to worry about. For those with ADHD, what really matters is changes from past performance.When we’re operating on autopilot and not truly focused on our surroundings, we may still lose things even with the strongest intention not to do so, Professor Arely says. But for the mostpart, he thinks people can overcome the tendency to lose things. Sara Braden has learned to adapt, in part by writing down where she has stored items. She also coaches herself not to panic when an item gets lost.29．How does the author introduce the topic?A．By offering an example.B．By quoting a remark.C．By making a comparison.D．By giving an explanation.30．What is the possible reason for people’s losing things?A．Their constant fear.B．Their common weakness.C．Their absent-mindedness.D．Their emotional breakdown.31．What should people with ADHD pay special attention to?A．Improved efficiency at work.B．Occasional delay in meeting friends. C．Losing things repeatedly since teens.D．Behavioural changes from the past. 32．What is Professor Arely’s attitude to overcoming forgetfulness?A．Positive.B．Sceptical.C．Tolerant.D．Conservative.A satellite is about to demonstrate a new way of capturing space junk with magnets for the first time. With the frequency of space launches dramatically increasing in recent years, the potential for a disastrous collision above Earth is continually growing. Now, Japanese orbital clean-up company Astroscale is testing a potential solution.The firm’s End-of-Life Services by Astroscale demonstration mission is scheduled to lift off on 20 March aboard a Russian Soyuz rocket. It consists of two spacecraft: a smaller “client” satellite and a larger “servicer” satellite, or “chaser”. The smaller satellite is equipped with a magnetic (磁力的) plate which allows the chaser to dock with it.The two stacked spacecraft will perform three tests once in orbit, each of which will involve the servicer satellite releasing and then recapturing the client satellite. The first test will be the simplest, with the client satellite drifting a short distance away and then being recaptured. In the second test, the servicer satellite will set the client satellite tumbling before catching up with it and matching its motion to grab it.Finally, if those two tests go well, the chaser will live up to its name by letting the client satellite float a few hundred metres away before finding it and attaching to it. All of these tests will be performed autonomously, with little to no human input once they are set in motion.“These kinds of demonstrations have never been done before in space - they are very different to, say, an astronaut controlling a robotic arm on the International Space Station,” says Jason Forshaw at Astroscale UK. “This is more of an autonomous mission.” At the end of the tests, both spacecraft will burn up in Earth’s atmosphere.If companies wanted to use this capability, they would have to attach a magnetic plate to their satellites so they could be captured later. Because of the growing space garbage problem, many countries now require firms to have a way to bring back their satellites once they run out of fuel or fail, so this could be a fairly simple likely plan, Forshaw says. Right now, each chaser can only nab one satellite, but Astroscale is working on a version that could drag three or four out of orbit at once.33．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “dock with” in Paragraph 2? A．deal with B．keep up with C．join together D．crash34．Why many countries now require firms to have a way to bring back their satellites? A．Because of the growing space waste problem.B．Because the frequency of space launches are dramatically increasing.C．Because they can earn large profits from it.D．Because Astroscale has found a new method of capturing the space garbage.35．What will Astroscale do to solve the space junk problem?A．An astronaut controls a robotic arm on the International Space to capture the “client” satellite B．Through a magnetic plate remotely controlled by humans on the ground to catch the “client” satelliteC．Finding the “client” satellite and attaching to it with a magnetic plate automatically D．Tumbling to match the motion of “client” satellite the drag three or four satellites out of its orbit into atmosphere.36．What can we infer from the passage?A．people will burn the space junk up in Earth’s atmosphere in the futureB．Japan and Russia will conduct space debris cleanup experiment togetherC．These kinds of demonstrations have never been done before.D．the demonstration mission will be divided into three phasesA blood test that accurately predicts a patient’s likelihood of dying from heart disease or astroke (中风) has been developed.Researchers took samples of blood from 22,949 people and analyzed the levels of about5,000 proteins within it. They then used machine learning to detect whether there was a link between the proteins that circulate in a person’s bloodstream and their risk of heart disease. The study identified a particular “protein signature” that accurately predicts the chance of suffering a heart attack, stroke or heart failure over a four-year period.Currently, doctors assess the likelihood of patients suffering heart problems by looking at factors including weight, blood pressure, age and cholesterol (胆固醇) levels. However, blood protein analysis can provide more accurate clues to the state of a person’s health. The technology was found to be twice as accurate as existing tools at measuring a patient’s heart risk. The blood test could also provide a faster way of detecting whether patients’ existing medication (药物治疗) is working and helping to reduce their risk. Existing risk assessments struggle to do this.The blood test was developed by SomaLogic, based in Boulder, Colorado. The company is also working with scientists at Imperial College London to help develop a blood test to detect cancer. Professor Elio Riboli said this could lead to widespread screening for many different types of cancers, which is not possible using existing techniques. His team will work with SomaLogic to analyze 15,000 blood samples from people who had developed cancer, comparing them with 10,000 samples from people who did not. The results will be used to establish whether there are protein markers that could indicate if someone is at risk from the disease.In 2019, a trial began in Leeds to use SomaLogic’s technology to assess people’s risk of diabetes, and also the effectiveness of lifestyle changes in preventing the condition. Dr Michael Messenger, head of the Leeds Centre for Personalized Medicine and Health, said that it could help tailor treatments to individual patients. “Personalized medicine lets us take a deeper look at each person’s individual biology, so we can better understand what the right advice or treatment, at the right time, might be.”37．What can be learned from the second paragraph?A．About 5,000 proteins exist in people’s blood.B．Different methods were adopted in the research.C．Altogether 22,949 people volunteered for the study.D．The “protein signature” in the blood causes heart diseases.。

三、写作意图题(2019·天津，D)Would you BET on the future of this man？He is 53 years old.Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune.A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning，and he has often been in prison.Driven by heaven-knows-what motives，he determines to write a book.The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years.That former prisoner was Cervantes，and the book was Don Quixote(《堂吉诃德》).And the story poses an interesting question：why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days，while others go to seed long before?We’ve all known people who run out of steam before they reach life’s halfway mark.I’m not talking about those who fail to get to the top.We can’t all get there.I’m talking about people who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years.Most of us，in fact，progressively narrow the variety of our lives.We succeed in our field of specialization and then become trapped in it.Nothing surprises us.We lose our sense of wonder.But，if we are willing to learn，the opportunities are everywhere.The things we learn in maturity seldom involve information and skills.We learn to bear with the things we can’t change.We learn to avoid self-pity.We learn that however much we try to please，some people are never going to love us—an idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.With high motivation and enthusiasm，we can keep on learning.Then we will know how important it is to have meaning in our life.However，we can achieve meaning only if we have madea commitment to something larger than our own little egos(自我)，whether to loved ones，to fellow humans，to work，or to some moral concept.Many of us equate(视……等同于) “commitment”with such “caring”occupations as teaching and nursing.But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable commitment.People who work toward such excellence—whether they are driving a truck，or running a store—make the world better just by being the kind of people they are.They’ve learned life’s most valuable lesson.51.The passage starts with the story of Cervantes to show that .A.loss of freedom stimulates one’s creativityB.age is not a barrier to achieving one’s goalC.misery inspires a man to fight against his fateD.disability cannot stop a man’s pursuit of success答案B解析推理判断题。

江苏高考英语阅读训练及答案A well-dressed man enforced a famous jewelry shop. He explained that he wished to buy apearl for his wife‘s birthday. The price didn‘t matter. Since business had been very good forhim thatyear. After examining a nice black one that cost $5000, he paid for the pearl in cash,shook hands with the jeweler, and left.A few days later the man returned and said that his wife liked the pear so much that shewanted another one just like it. It had to be exactly the same size and quality, s she wanted apair ofearrings made, ―Can you give me any advice on how to get such a pearl?‖ said theman. The jeweler regretfully replied, ―I would say it‘s exactly impossible to find one exactlylike that pearl.‖The rich man insisted that the jeweler advertise in the newspapers, offering $ 25,000 for the matching pearl. Many people answered the advertisement but nobody had apearl that was just right.Just when the jeweler had given up hope, a little old lady came into his store. To his greatsurprise, she pulled the perfect pearl from her purse. ―I don‘t like to part with it,‖ shesaidsadly, ―I inherited it from my mother, and my mother inherited it from hers. But I really needthe money.‖ The jeweler was quick to pay her before she changed her mind. Then he calledtherich man‘s hotel to tell him the good news. The man, however, was nowhere to be found.1. The man said he wanted to buy a pearl for ______.A. his wifeB. his mother-in –lawC. his own motherD. no one2. He paid $ 5,000 for the black pearl without bargaining because ______.A. he was very richB. he wanted to make the jeweler believe himC. he was anxious to get itD. his business had been successful3. He told the jeweler to get him another pearl that must be ______.A. exactly the same size as the black onB. exactly the same quality as the black oneC. worth no more than $ 25,000D. exactly as big and nice as the black one4. Many people answered the advertisement because they wanted _______.A. to see the perfect pearlB. to buy some beautiful pearls tooC. to get in touch with the rich manD. to sell their own pearl at a high price5. The jeweler couldn‘t find the man anywhere because ______.A. he died suddenly.B. He happened to be outC. He got $ 20,00 by cheating and had run away with the money.D. He wouldn‘t show up until the jeweler called him a second time.1.A2.B3.D4.D5.C感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。

高考英语高难度阅读理解15篇1.Almost every day we come across situations in which we have to make decisions one way or another. Choice, we are given to believe, is a right. But for a good many people in the world. In rich and poor countries, choice is a luxury, something wonderful but hard to get, not a right. And for those who think they are exercising their right to make choices, the whole system is merely an illusion, a false idea created by companies and advertiser, hoping to sell their products.The endless choice gives birth to anxiety in people’s lives. Buying something as basic as a coffee pot is not exactly simple. Easy access to a wide range of everyday goods leads to a sense of powerlessness in many people, ending in the shopper giving up and walking away, or just buying an unsuitable item(商品) that is not really wanted. Recent studies in England have shown that many electrical goods bought in almost every family are not really needed. More difficult decision-making is then either avoided or trusted into the hands of the professionals, lifestyle instructors, or advisors.It is not just the availability of the goods that is the problem, but the speed with which new types of products come on the market. Advances in design and production help quicken the process Products also need to have a short lifespan so that the public can be persuaded to replace them within a short time. The typical example is computers, which are almost out-of-date once they are bought. This indeed makes selection a problem. Gone are the days when one could just walk with case into a shop and buy one thing; no choice, no anxiety.72. What does the author try to argue in Paragraph 1?A. The exercise of rights is a luxury.B. The practice of choice is difficult.C. The right of choice is given but at a price.D. Choice and right exist at the same time.73. Why do more choices of goods give rise to anxiety?A. Professionals find it hard to decide on a suitable product.B. People are likely to find themselves overcome by business persuasion.C. Shoppers may find themselves lost in the broad range of items.D. Companies and advertisers are often misleading about the rage of choice.74. By using computers as an example, the author wants to prove that .A. advanced products meet the needs of peopleB. products of the latest design fold the marketC. competitions are fierce in high-tech industryD. everyday goods need to be replaced often75. What is this passage mainly about?A. The variety of choices in modern society.B. The op inions on people’s right in different countriesC. The Problems about the availability of everyday goods.D. The helplessness in purchasing decisions2.I arrived at my mother’s home for our Monday family dinner. The smells of food flew over from the kitchen. Mother was pulling out quilt(被子)after quilt from the boxes, proudly showing me their beauties. She was preparing for a quilt show at the Elmhurst Church. When we began to fold and put them back into the boxes, I noticed something at the bottom of one box. I pulled it out. “What is this?” I asked.“Oh?” Mom said, “That’s Mama’s quilt.”I spread the quilt. It looked at if a group of school children had pieced it together; irregular designs, childish pictures, a crooked line on the right.“Grandmother made this?” I said, surprised. My grandmother was a master at making quilts. This certainly didn’t look like any of the quilts she had made.“Yes, right before she died. I brought it home with me last year and made some changes,” she said. “I’m still working on it. See, this is what I’ve done so far.”I looked at it more closely. She had made straight a crooked line. At the center of the quilt, she had stitched(缝) a piece of cloth with these words: “My mother made many quilts. She didn’t get all lines st raight. But I think this is beautiful. I want to see it finished. Her last quilt.”“Ooh, this is so nice, Mom,” I said. It occurred to me that by completing my grandmother’s quilt, my mother was honoring her own mother. I realized, too, that I held in my hands a family treasure. It started with the loving hands of one woman, and continued with the loving hands of another.56. Why did the author go to mother’s home?A. To see her mother’s quilts.B. To help prepare for a show.C. To get together for the family dinner.D. To discuss her grandmother’s life.57. The author was surprised because .A. the quilt looked very strange.B. her grandmother liked the quilt.C. the quilt was the best she had seen.D. her mother had made some changes58. The underlined wood “crooked” in the passage most probably means .A. unfinishedB. brokenC. bentD. unusual59. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. A Quilt ShowB. Mother’s HomeC. A Monday DinnerD. Grandmother’s Quilt3. While all my classmates seen to be crazy about a one-way ticket to Mars(火星), I’d rather say Mars is totally unsuitab le for human existence. People won’t have enough food supplies there, and the terrible environment would make it impossible for them to live a long life. Besides, the journey won’t be safe. Can anybody explain to me just why people would go to Mars, never to return?Steve Minear, UKHere are the things you can think of: the desire to explore a foreign and unique environment, the excitement of being the first humans to open up a new world, the expectation of fame and glory…For scientists there is another rea son. Their observations and research will probably lead to great scientific achievements.Donal Trollop, CanadaThere are already too many people on the Earth. I think that sometime before the end of the century, there will be a human colony(殖民地)on Mars. It will happen when people finally realize that tow-way trips to the red planet Mars are unnecessary. Most of the danger of space Flight is in the launches(发射) and landings. Cutting the trip home would therefore reduce the danger of accidents, save a lot of money, and open the way to building an everlasting human settlement on another world.Enough supplies can be sent on ahead. And every two years more supplies and more people will needs, and Mars is far more pleasant than the other planets in the outer space.Paul Davies. USA60. The main purpose of Steve Minear’s writing is .A. to report his classmates’ discussionB. to invite an answer to his questionC. to explain the natural state of MarsD. to show his agreement on going to Mars61. Wh ich of the following best states Donal Trollop’s idea?A. There is a plan to send humans to Mars.B. There are many reasons for going to Mars.C. Scientists become famous by doing research on Mars.D. It is possible to build an Earth-like environment on Mars.62. Paul Davies points out that .A. humans need only a one-way ticket to Mars.B. two-way trips to Mars will be made safe soonC. it is easy to reduce the danger and cost of flights to MarsD. it is cheap to build an everlasting human settlement on Mars63. What does Paul Davies think of human existence on Mars?A. Humans will have to bring all they need from the Earth.B. Humans will find Mars totally unsuitable for living.C. Humans can produce everything they need.D. Humans can live longer in the colony on Mars.4.Celebrity(名人) has become one of the most important representatives of popular culture. Fans used to be crazy about s specific film, but now the public tends to base its consumption（消费）on the interest of celebrity attached to any given product. Besides, fashion magazines have almost abandoned the practice of putting models on the cover because they don’t sell nearly as well as famous faces. As a result, celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerful market potential, moving from advertising for others’ products to developing their own.Celebrity clothing lines aren’t a completely new phenomenon, but in the past they were typically aimed at the ordinary consumers, and limited to a few TV actresses. T oday they’re started by first-class stars whose products enjoy equal fame with some world top brands. The most successful start-ups have been those by celebrities with specific personal style. As celebrities become more and more experienced at the market, they expand their production scale rapidly, covering almost all the products of daily life.However, for every success story, there’s a related warning tale of a celebrity who overvalued his consumer appeal. No matter haw famous the product’s origins is, if it fails to impress consumers with its own qualities it begins to resemble an exercise in self-promotional marketing. And once the initial（最初的）attention dies down, consumer interest might fade, loyalty (忠诚) returning to tried-and-true labels.Today, celebrities face ever more severe embarrassment. The pop-cultural circle might be bigger than ever, but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well. Each misstep threatens to reduce a celebrity’s shelf life, and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears. Still, the ego’s （自我的）potential for expansion is limitless. Having already achieved great wealth and public recognition, many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to be conquered. As the saying goes, success and failure always go hand in hand. Their success as designers might last only a short time, but fashion-like celebrity – has always been temporary.69. Fashion magazines today ________.A. seldom put models on the coverB. no longer put models on the coverC. need not worry about celebrities’ market potentialD. judge the market potential of every celebrity correctly70. A change in the consumer market can be found today that _______.A. price rather than brand name is more concernedB. producers prefer models to celebrities for achievementsC. producers prefer TV actresses to film stars for advertisementsD. quality rather than the outside of products is more concerned71. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 indicates that any wrong step will possibly ______.A. decrease the popularity of a celebrity and the sales of his productsB. damage the image of a celebrity in the eyes of the general publicC. cut short the artistic careen of a celebrity in show businessD. influence the price of a celebrity’s products72. The passage is mainly about _______.A. celebrity and personal styleB. celebrity and market potentialC. celebrity and fashion designD. celebrity and clothing industry5.We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively（被动地）. We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning.We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers ormagazines is passive. Conditioned as we are to passive learning, it’s not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers.Unfortunately, passive learning has a serious problem. It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay and rumor(谣言).Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesn’t show it to anyone. Then the person whispers it, word for word, to another person. That person, in turn, whispers it to still another, and so on, through all the people playing the game. The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it. Then the two written statements are compared. Typically, the original message has changed.That’s what happens in daily life. The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story. Then, too, most people listen imperfectly. And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story, trying to improve on it, stamping（打上标记）it with their own personal style. Yet those who hear it think they know.This process is also found among scholars and authors: A statement of opinion by one writer may be re-stated as fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue, unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts.48. According to the passage, passive learning may occur in _______.A. doing a medical experimentB. solving a math problemC. visiting an exhibitionD. doing scientific reasoning49. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to _____.A. active learningB. knowledgeC. communicationD. passive learning50. The author mentions the game Rumor to show that _____.A. a message may be changed when being passed onB. a message should be delivered in different waysC. people may have problems with their sense of hearingD. people tend not to believe in what they know as rumor51. What can we infer from the passage?A. Active learning is less important.B. Passive learning may not be reliable.C. Active learning occurs more frequently.D. Passive learning is not found among scholars.6. The literal meaning of philosophy is “love of wisdom”. But this meaning does not tell us very much. Unlike the other disciplines（学科）, philosophy cannot e defined by what you study ,because it is actually unlimited. Anything can be the subject matter of philosophy: are, history, law, language, literature, mathematics, and in fact, the other academic disciplines are directly related to philosophy. For this reason you get a Doctorate（博士学位）of Philosophy (Ph. D.) in biochemistry, or computer science, or psychology.Two broad sub-fields of philosophy are logic and the history of philosophy. Logic is the science of argument and eritical thinking. It provides sound methods for distinguishing good from bad reasoning .The history of philosophy involves the study of major philosophers and persuade in the development of philosophy.Of what use is philosophy? First it is useful in educational advancement. It is necessary for understanding other disciplines. Only philosophy questions the nature of the concepts used in a discipline, and its relating to other discomposes. And thought the study of philosophy, one develops sound methods of research and analysis that can be applied to any field.There are a number of general uses of philosophy. It strengthens one’s ability to solve problems, to communicate, to organize ideas and issues, to persuade, and to take what is the most important form a large quality of data. These general uses are of great benefit in the career field, not necessarily for obtaining one’s first job after graduation, but for preparing for positions of responsibility, management and leadership later on. It is very short site after all, to take a course of studies only for the purpose of getting one’s first job. The useful skills developed thought the study of philosophy have significant long-term benefits in career advancement. No other discipline systematically follows the ideals of wisdom, leadership, and capacity to resolve human conflict.72. Accprdomg to Paragraph 1. Philosophy can best be described as the study of .A. social sciencesB. natural sciencesC. both social and natural sciencesD. the subject matter of politics73. With the study of philosophy, you can .A. become a great leaderB. succeed in everythingC. find a good job soon after graduationD. make progress in your career development74. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Philosophy is an independent discipline.B. Logic helps you to become a better thinker.C. The study of philosophy brings you immediate benefits.D. The meaning of philosophy is too limited to define.75.From the passage, we can concludeA. not all the subjects have to do with philosophyB. a person will get a Ph. D. if he/she studies philosophyC. philosophy can be helpful for the study of any other subjectsD. philosophy is the only solution to all the problems the world7.Many animals recognize their food because they see it. So do humans. When you see an apple or a piece of chocolate you know that these are things you can eat. You can also use other senses when you choose your food. You may like it because it smells good or because it tastes good. You may dislike some types of food because they do not look, smell or taste very nice. Different animals use different senses to find and choose their food. A few animals depend on only one of their senses, while most animals use more than one sense.Although there are many different types of food, some animals spend their lives eating only one type. The giant panda（大熊猫）eats only one particular type of bamboo（竹子）. Other animals eat only one type of food even when given the choice. A kind of white butterfly（蝴蝶）will stay on the leaves of a cabbage, even though there are plenty of other vegetables in the garden. However, most animals have a more varied diet（多样化饮食）. The bear eats fruits and fish. The fox eats small animals, birds and fruits. The diet of these animals will be different depending on the season. Humans have a very varied diet. We often eat food because we like it and not because it is good for us. In countries such as France and Britain, people eat foods with too much sugar. This makes them overweight, which is bad for their health. Eating too much red meat and animal products, such as butter, can also be bad for the health. Choosing the right food, therefore, has become an area of study in modern life.60. We can infer from the text that humans and animals _________.A. depend on one sense in choosing foodB. are not satisfied with their foodC. choose food in similar waysD. eat entirely different food61. Which of the following eats only one type of food?A. The white butterfly.B. The small bird.C. The bear.D. The fox.62. Certain animals change their choice of food when ___________.A. the season changesB. the food color changesC. they move to different placesD. they are attracted by different smells63. We can learn from the last paragraph that __________.A. food is chosen for a good reasonB. French and British food is goodC. some people have few choices of foodD. some people care little about healthy diet8.The flag, the most common symbol（象征）of a nation in the modern world, is also one of the most ancient. With a clear symbolic meaning. the flag in the traditional form is still used today to mark buildings, ships and other vehicles related to a country.The national flag as we know it today is in no way a primitive（原始的）artifact. It is , rather, the product of thousands of years’ development. Historians believe that it had two major ancestors, of which the earlier served to show wind direction.Early human beings used very fragile houses and boats. Often strong winds would tear roofs from houses or cause high waves that endangered travelers. People’s food supplies were similarly vulnerable. Even after they had learned how to plant grains, they still needed help from nature to ensure good harvests. Therefore they feared and depended on the power of the wind, which could bring warmth from one direction and cold from another.Using a simple piece of cloth tied to the top of a post to tell the direction of the wind was more dependable than earlier methods, such as watching the rising of smoke from a fire. The connectionof the flag with heavenly power was therefore reasonable. Early human societies began to fix long pieces of cloth to the tops of totems(图腾) before carrying them into battle. They believed that the power of the wind would be added to the good wishes of the gods and ancestors represented by the totems themselves.These flags developed very slowly into modern flags. The first known flag of a nation or a ruler was unmarked: The king of China around 1000 B.C. was known to have a white flag carried ahead of him. This practice might have been learned from Egyptians even further in the past, but it was from China that it spread over trade routs through India, then across Arab lands, and finally to Europe, where it met up with the other ancestor of the national flag.71．The best title for the passage would be .A．Development of the National Flag.B．Power of the National Flag.C．Types of FlagsD．Uses of Flags72．The underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 means .A．impossible to make sure ofB．likely to be protectedC．easy to damageD．difficult to find73．The earliest flags were connected with heavenly power because .A．they could tell wind directionB．they could bring good luck to fightersC．they were handed down by the ancestorsD．they were believed to stand for natural forces74．What does the author know of the first national flag?A．He knows when it was sent to Europe.B．He believes it was made in Egypt.C．He thinks it came from China.D．He doubts where it started.75．What will the author most probably talk about next?A．The role of China in the spread of the national flag.B．The second ancestor of the national flagC．The use of modern flags in Europe.D．The importance of modern flags.9.PITTSBURGH –For most people, snakes seem unpleasant or even threatening. But Howie Choset sees in their delicate movements a way to save lives.The 37-year-old Carnegie Mellon University professor has spent years developing snake-like robots he hopes will eventually slide through fallen buildings in search of victims trapped after natural disasters or other emergencies.Dan Kara is president of Robotics Trends, a Northboro, Mass.-based company that publishes an online industry magazine and runs robotics trade shows. He said there are other snake-like robots being developed, mainly at universiti es, but didn’t know of one that could climb pipes.The Carnegie Mellon machines are designed to carry cameras and electronic sensors and can be controlled with a joystick(操纵杆). They move smoothly with the help of small electric motors, or servos, commonly used by hobbyists in model airplanes.Built from lightweight materials, the robots are about the size of a human arm or smaller. They can sense which way is up, but are only as good as their human operators, Choset added.Sam Stover, a search term manager with the Federal Emergency Management Agency based in Indiana, said snake-type robots would offer greater mobility than equipment currently available, such as cameras attached to extendable roles.“It just allows us to do something we’ve been able to do before,” Stover said, “We needed them yesterday.”He said sniffer dogs are still the best search tool for rescue workers, but that they can only be used effectively when workers have access to damaged building.Stover, among the rescue workers who handled the aftermath (后果) of Hurricane Katrina, said snake robots would have helped rescuers search flooded houses in that disaster.Choset said the robots may not be ready for use for another five to ten years, depending on funding.72. Which institution is respon sible for the development of Choset’s robots?A. Robotics Trends.B. Pittsburgh City Council.C. Carnegie Mellon University.D. Federal Emergency Management Agency.73. Choset believes that his invention ______.A. can be attached to an electronic armB. can be used by hobbyists in model airplanesC. can find victims more quickly than a sniffer dogD. can sense its way no better than its operators74. By saying “We needed them yesterday” (paragraph 7), Stover means that snake-like robots _____.A. could help handle the aftermath of Hurricane KatrinaB. would have been put to use in past rescue workC. helped rescuers search flooded houses yesterdayD. were in greater need yesterday than today75. What is the text mainly about?A. Snake-like robots used in industries.B. Snake-like robots made to aid in rescues.C. The development of snake-like robots.D. The working principles of snake-like robots.10.Attitude is an internal(内在的) state that influences the choices of personal action made by the individual(个人). Some researchers consider that attitudes come from differences between beliefs and ideas: others believe that attitudes come from emotional states. Here, we focus on the effects of attitudes upon behavior, that is, upon the choices of action made by the individual.The kinds of actions taken by human beings are obviously influenced greatly by attitudes. Whether one listens to classical music or rock, whether one obeys the speed limit while driving, whether one encourages one’s husband or wife to express his or her own ideas－all are influenced by attitudes. These internal states are acquired(获得) throughout life from situations one is faced with in the home, in the streets, and in the school.Of course, the course of action chosen by an individual in any situation will be largely determined by the particulars of that situation. An individual who has a strong attitude of obeying laws may drive too fast when he is in a hurry and no police cars in sight. A child who has a strong attitude of honesty may steal a penny when she thinks no one will notice. But the internal state which remains unchanged over a period of time, and which makes the individual behave regularly in a variety of situations, is what is meant by an attitude.Attitudes are learned in a variety of ways. They can result from single incidents, as when an attitude toward snakes is acquired by an experience in childhood at the sudden movement of a snake. They can resu lt from the individual’s experiences of success and pleasure, as when someone acquires a positive attitude toward doing crossword puzzles by being able to complete some of them, And frequently, they are learned by copying other people’s able to complete so me of them, And frequently, they are learned by copying other people’s behavior, as when a child learns how to behave toward foreigners by observing the actions of his parents. Regardless of these differences, there is something in common in the learning and modification(修正) of attitudes. 52．According to the passage, attitudes __________.A．come from different situations in one’s lifeB．are largely affected by one’s behaviorC．remain unchanged in one’s daily lifeD．could be chosen according to one’s will53．The author uses the examples in Paragraph 3 to show ______.A．people often make mistakes when they are not noticedB．people with good attitudes may sometimes do bad deedsC．particulars of a si tuation may influence an individual’s actionD．an individual may change his or her attitude fairly easily54．Which of the following is TURE about the learning of attitudes?A．Attitudes are only learned through one’s success.B．Attitudes learned in danger will last longer.C．Copying others’ behavior is not a good idea.D．Attitudes can be learned from one’s parents.55．What would be the best title for the passage?A．Differences of Attitudes.B．Nature of Attitude.C．Choices of Attitudes.D．Modification of Attitude.11. Susan Sontag (1933 -- 2004) was one of the most noticeable figures in the world of literature. For more than 40 years she made it morally necessary to know everything -- to read every book worth reading, to see every movie worth seeing. When she was still in her early 30s, publishing essays in such important magazines as Partisan Review, she appeared as the symbol of American cultural life, trying hard to follow every new development in literature, film and art. With great effort and serious judgment, Sontag walked at the latest edges of world culture.Seriousness was one of Sontag's lifelong watchwords (格言), but at a time when the barriers between the well-educated and the poor-educated were obvious, she argued for a true openness to the pleasures of pop culture. In "Notes on Camp", the 1964 essay that first made her name, she explained what was then a little-known set of difficult understandings, through which she could not have been more famous. "Notes on Camp", she wrote, represents "a victory of 'form' over 'content', 'beauty' over 'morals'".By conviction (信念) she was a sensualist (感觉论者), but by nature she was a moralist (伦理学者), and in the works she published in the 1970s and 1980s, it was the latter side of her that came。

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江苏高考英语阅读练习题(一)Acting is such an over-crowded profession that the only advice that should be given to a young person thinking of going on the stage is "Don't!".But it is useless to try to discourage someone who feels that he must act，although the chances of his becoming famous are slim. The normal way to begin is to go to a drama ually only students who show promise and talent are accepted，and the course lasts two years.Then the young actor or actress takes up work with a theatrical company(剧团)，usually as an assistant stage manager This means doing everything that there is to do in the theatre and occasionally acting in very small parts It is very hard work indeed，the hours are long and the salary is tiny.Of course，some people have remarkable chances which lead to fame and Success without this long and hard training.Connie Pratt，for example，was just an ordinary girl working in a bicycle factory.A film producer happened to catch sight of her one morning waiting at a bus stop，as he drove past in his car.He stopped and got out to speak to the girl.He asked if she would like to go to the film studio to do a test，and she thought he was joking Then she got angry and said she would call the police It took the producer twenty minutes to convince Connie that he was serious The test was successful.And within a few weeks she was playing the leading part opposite one of the most famous actors of the day But chances like this happen once in a blue moon1.From the very beginning，the author puts it clearly that acting is a profession ______A sought after by too manyB.too difficult for young peopleC.for slim people onlyD.one can go into without special training2.For someone who feels he must act，it is very likely that _____A.he will become a film star at long lastB he will become a stage managerC he will be well paidD.he will end up without any Success3.The film producer found Connie Pratt one morning when she was ____A.at work in a bicycle factoryB.driving past him in her carC.going to a film studioD.waiting for a bus4.A few weeks after the test.Connie Pratt found herself ______A the most famous actress of the worldB.playing the leading female role in a playC.as famous as the greatest actor of the worldD.no less famous than the leading actor of the day5.The concluding sentence "chances like this happen once ina blue moon" means____________A this is something which happens once in a whileB.this is a highly profitable chanceC.this is something highly possibleD this is a very rare chance江苏高考英语阅读练习题答案1.A2.D3.D4.B5.D江苏高考英语阅读练习题(二)Soldiers and other military people wear uniforms with various other symbols to indicate theirstatus.But in the business world everyone wears more or less similar suits，and you cannot tellat a glance who ranks higher or lower than another.So how do people in the business worldshow their superiority? An attempt to study this was made by two researchers using a seriesof silent films.They had two actors play the parts of an executive(经理)and a visitor，andswitch roles each time.The scene had one man at his desk playing the part of anexecutive，while the other，playing the part of a visitor，knocks at the door，opens it andapproaches the desk to discuss some business matter.The audience watching the films was asked to rate the executive and the visitor in terms ofstatus.A certain set of rules about status began to emerge from the ratings.The visitorshowed the least amount of status when he stopped just inside the door to talk across the roomto the seated man.He was considered to have more status when he walked halfway up to thedesk，and he had the most status when he walked directly up to the desk and stood right infront Of the seated executive.Another thing that affected the status of the visitor in the eyes of the observers was the timebetween knocking and entering.For the seated executive，his status was also affected by thetime between hearing the knock and answering.The quicker the visitor entered the room，themore status he had.Thelonger the executive took to answer，the more status he had.1.The experiment designed by the two researchers aimed at finding out _____A.how business is conducted by all executive and a visitorB how to tell the differences between an executive and a visitorC.how to tell businessmen at a glanceD.how businessmen indicate status2 Which of the statements can best sum up the passage?A.The executive has a higher status than the visitor.itary people wear uniforms but the businessmen do notC，A study revealing a set of rules about the status of businessmen.D It is a good method to use a series of silent film in research.3 Having entered the room，the closer the visitor approaches the executive, ___A.the less it affected his statusB.the lower his statusC.the more it affected his statusD.the higher his status4.The longer the seated man was in answering the knock，_____A.the higher his statusB.the less it affected his statusC.the lower his statusD the more it affected his status5.Which statement is NOT true?A Soldiers wear uniforms with various symbols so that one call tell their status at a glance.B.In the experiment.one actor played the executive while theother played the seated manC.Business people wear similar suits.D The audience watching the film rated the executive and the visitor in terms of status.江苏高考英语阅读练习题答案1.D2.C3.D4.A5.B。

高考英语高难度阅读理解15篇（2）1.The people who lived in Italy and northern Europe during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries were the first people to think of themselves as belonging to an era（时代）. It was the Renaissance （文艺复兴）, a period of renewed interest in learning after the Middle Ages.The motto（座右铭）of the Renaissance was “A man can do all things if he wills,” and the man who fulfilled that motto more than any other was Leonardo da Vinci. Da Vinci was good at portraiture, a new art form that described peo ple as individuals. His painting of the “Mona Lisa” remains the most famous portrait ever done.But Leonardo was also a skilled architect and engineer, who designed a submarine, helicopter and airplane, long before those inventions were ever built. Hundreds of drawings and thousands of pages in his notebooks proved his interest in astronomy, anatomy，botany, geology, and above all mathematics. He was interested in city planning and sanitation and was reportedly a gifted musician.Since the Renaissance, the term “Renaissance man” has been applied to（适用到）others, who, like Leonardo da Vinci, excelled in many various fields. Thomas Jefferson is perhaps the best example. He, too, was a born musician and architect as well as botanist, philosopher, writer and third President of the United States.75. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A. The motto of the Renaissance was “A man can do all things.”B. Leonardo da Vinci made the most achievements among people during the Renaissance.C. Portraiture was a new art form of painting pictures.D. “ Mona Lisa” is among the most famous portraits in history.76. “Renaissance man” means _______.A. any person during the period of RenaissanceB. any person who makes great achievements in some certain field.C. any person who experts at many different fields during the RenaissanceD. any person who experts at many different fields ever since the Renaissance77. Which of the following is NOT the common interest to Leonardo da Vinci and Thomas Jefferson?A. MusicB. SanitationC. ArchitectureD. Botany2.It was a dark November day in 1895. In a laboratory at the royal University of Wurzburg, in western Germany, a 50-year-old physics professor, Wilhelm Roentgen, performed what looked like atype of magic. He placed a glass vacuum（真空）tube inside a black cardboard box and applied a high-voltage current（高压电流）. He suddenly noticed that, on a bench nearby, a piece of paper coated with a chemical substance began giving off an strange light. Over the following two weeks, Roentgen performed a series of experiments that proved the existence of a form of electro-magnetic （电磁的）radiation he called X-rays.His astonishing discovery has led to a deeper understanding of the physical world----in particular, to the field of medical diagnosis（诊断）.X-rays are widely used in medicine to make radiographs or X-rays pictures of the bones and internal organs of the body to see whether diseases exist, such as broken bones or lung diseases.A radiograph is made by passing an X-rays beam through a patient’s body onto a piece of photographic film. The bones takes in more of the rays than do muscles or other organs, so the bones throw the sharpest shadows on the film.Improvements over the past century----from fluoroscopy（荧光透视法）to CT scans---- have made X-rays technology an invaluable tool of medicine.78. At the beginning of the passage, Prof. Wilhelm Roentgen was _______.A. performing an entertaining programB. playing magicC. doing some experimentsD. None of above79. When Prof. Roentgen placed a glass vacuum tube in a black box and applied a high-voltage current, he _______.A. saw a bench nearbyB. noticed a piece of paper on a nearby bench begin to burn slowlyC. noticed a piece of paper on a nearby bench begin to give out strange lightD. noticed a piece of paper was coated with a chemical substance80. The bones have clearer shadow on the photographic film than do muscles or other organs, because ______.A. the bones are harder than themB. the bones can help absorb more rays than themC. the bones can block more rays than themD. X-rays cannot pass through the bones3.“Soon, you’re going to have to move out!” cried my neighbor upon seeing the largest tomato plant known to mankind, or at least known in my neighborhood.One tiny 9-inch plant, bought for $1.25 in the spring, has already taken over much of my rose bed, covering much of other plants, and is well on its way to the front door.Roses require a good deal of care, and if it weren’t for the pleasure they give, it wouldn’t be worth the work. As it is, I have a garden full of sweet-smelling roses for most of the year. bushes must be pruned(剪枝) in early spring, leaving ugly woody branches until the new growth appears a few weeks later. It was the space available(可用的) in the garden that led me into planting just one little tomato plant. A big mistake.Soil conditions made just perfect for roses turn out to be even more perfect for tomatoes. The daily watering coupled with full sun and regular fertilizing(施肥) have turned the little plant into a tall bush. The cage I placed around it as the plant grew has long since disappeared under the thick leaves.Now the task I face in harvesting the fruit is twofold; First, I have to find the red ones among the leaves, which means I almost have to stand on my head, and once found I have to reach down and under, pick the tomatoes and withdraw(缩回) my full fist without dropping the prize so dearly won. I found two full-blown white roses completely hidden as I picked tomatoes in June, but they were weak and the leaves already yellow for lack of light.Here I am faced with a painful small decision: To tear up a wonderful and productive tomato plant that offers up between ten and twenty ripe sweet tomatoes each day or say goodbye to several expensive and treasured roses. Like Scarlett in Gone With the Wind, I’ll think about that tomorrow. 71．What ate the requirements for the healthy growth of roses ?A．A lot of care and the right soil.B．Frequent pruning and fertilizing.C．Tomato plants grown alongside.D．Cages placed around the roots.72．The writer planted the tomato because _________.A．it cost only $1.25B．the soil was just right for itC．there was room for it in the gardenD．the roses’ branches needed to be covered73．This year the writer’s roses were __________.A．removed from the rose bedB．picked along with the tomatoesC．mostly damaged by too much sunlightD．largely hidden under the tomato plant74．By saying “the prize so dearly won” in paragraph 5, the writer wants to ________. A．show the difficulty in picking the tomatoesB．show the hardship of growing the rosesC．express her liking for the rosesD．express her care for the tomatoes75．In the situation described in the text, one good thing is that ________.A．the roses cost the writer little moneyB．the writer has a daily harvest of tomatoesC．someone will help the writer make the decisionD．the writer can now enjoy both the roses and tomatoes4.pavement: 人行道 swerve: 突然转向 insurance: 保险73．What does Passage ① tell us about the boy?A．He was injured in the head when he was 14.B．He has waited for the payout for a long time.C．He has lived in the same place since the accident.D．He was run over by a taxi when riding on the pavement.74．What can we learn about Lee and Collier counties from Passage ②?A．They both became safe places.B．They won the same place in a race.C．They had the same number of accidents.D．They joined hands in reducing accidents.75．Which passage would give more information on the prevention of road accidents?A．① B．② C．③ D．④5.Susan Williams went to a boarding（寄膳宿）school. Here is one of the letters she wrote to her parents from the school.Dear Mom and Dad，I’m afraid I have some very bad news for you. I have been very naughty and the school headmaster is very angry with me. She is going to write to you. You must come and take me away from here. She does not want me in the school any longer.The trouble started last night when I was smoking a cigarette in bed. This is against the rules, of course. We are not supposed to smoke at all.As I was smoking, I heard footsteps coming towards the room. I did not want a teacher to catch me smoking, so I threw the cigarette away. Unfortunately, the cigarette fell into the wastepaper basket, which caught fire. There was a curtain near the wastepaper basket which caught fire, too. Soon the whole room was burning. The headmaster phoned for the fire department. The school is a long way from the town and by the time the firefighters arrived, the whole school was in flames. Many of the girls are in the hospital.The headmaster says that the fire was all my fault and you must pay for the damage. She will send you a bill for about a million dollars.I am very sorry about this.Much love, Susan.P. S. None of the above is true, but I have failed my exams, I just want you to know how bad things could have been！51. In this letter Susan wanted.A. to tell her parents about the fireB. to ask for a million dollarsC. to tell her parents she had failed her examsD. to tell her parents she had to leave school52. The headmaster might be angry with Susan because.A. she had failed her examsB. she had been caught smoking in bedC. she had not phoned for the fire department in timeD. it was her fault that the school had caught fire53. Susan told her parents about the fire.A. to warn them about what the headmaster would doB. to make them less angry at her real newsC. to make them feel worriedD. to make them laugh6.Everybody likes a winner, and there are always people ready to cheer for a good winner. But who has ever heard a song for the man who comes in second？ So this is in praise of the almost winner, the nearly champion（冠军）, the next to the biggest, the second best. This is the song of Mister Two.You hear unflattering（不讨好人的）names for Mister Two. “Alsoran”, they call him, and “runnerup”, names that make you think of a fellow who couldn’t quite make it. Don’t let that fool you. Ask the winner of any race how good a man Mister Two is. He will tell you it’s Mister Two who made him run so fast, Mister Two is always threatening to overtake and pass him.Ask the salesman who won the contest and what kept him looking for extra order. Ask the directors of the big company why they keep changing their product, seeking the new equipment, the added advantage. What drives them？What keeps them going？It’s the salesman with nearly as many orders. It is the company with the product almost as good. It’s Mister Two.In this country, we’re proud of the quality of our champions. Our big men come very big. Our fast men run very fast. Our wise men are the wisest and our greatest men are the greatest that a country could hope to be blessed with. And why is that？It is Mister Two that makes the racealways open and everybody can run. So this is for you, Mister Two. This is your song. This is for all the days you tried for first, and came in second. It’s for the nights when you wonder if you ought to go on trying, since nobody seems to notice.We notice, Mister Two. We know the score. Winner or not, you’re a natural champion. There couldn’t be a race without you, Mister Two.58. People usually call Mister Two unflattering names to him.A. praiseB. encourageC. laugh atD. respect59. According to the author, Mister Two is mentioned in connection with the following except.A. businessB. sportsC. greatnessD. failure60. It is implied in this story that.A. Mister Two is as important as the winnerB. every leader needs someone to help himC. the second today must be the first tomorrowD. second place is always praised61. The person who wins needs to understand that.A. winning is everythingB. being Mister Two is wonderfulC. without Mister Two he would do betterD. without strong competition he wouldn’t have worked so hard7.66. Mike is driving to London for his holidays. He is looking for a place to stay in.67. Neil, with his students, is going to an exhibition of old master paintings by Leonardo.68. Sarah has to go to town by bus during Christmas holidays from December 24 to January 5.69. The Smiths have just moved to England from Africa. They wish to find an organization to make some new friends.70. Lily works in a house for visitors. She likes to have hot meals feeling relaxed every day.A. Like other local bus operators, there will be no services on Christmas Day, Boxing Day or New Year’s Day, but we will be the only bus operator providing a full Saturday service on the two Bank Holidays 27th and 28th December.B. International Friendship League！The League is nonpolitical, nonsectarian（党派）organization set up in 1931. Its aim is to develop friendship and understanding between people of different nationalities.C. For the motorist, Peace Haven, which is an international guest house in London, is within easy reach. Off street parking is available.D. Welcome to Victorian House！ Visitors can expect to find a warm welcome and a friendly atmosphere. Full English breakfasts are served; evening meals and packed lunches can also be provided by good arrangement.E. The Picture Gallery contains an internationally important collection of old master paintings and drawings. They include works by the most world-famous painters. There is a regular programme of changing exhibitions.F. Relax in the pleasant surroundings of the Lady Lever Café. Hot and cold meals served daily.8.“Life is speeding up. Everyone is getting unwell.”This may sound like something someone would say today. But in fact, an unknown citizen who lived in Rome in AD 53 wrote it.We all love new inventions. They are exciting, amazing and can even change our lives.But have all these developments really improved the quality of our lives?Picture this: You’re rushing to finish your homework on the computer. Your mobile phone rings, a QQ message from your friend appears on the screen, and the noise from the television is getting louder and louder. Suddenly the computer goes blank and you lose all your work. Now you have to stay up all night to get it done. How calm and happy do you feel?Inventions have speeded up our lives so much that they often leave us feeling stressed and tired. Why do you think people who live far away from noisy cities, who have no telephones, no cars, not even any electricity often seem to be happier? Perhaps because they lead simple lives.Our family in the UK went “back in time” to see what life was like without all the inventions we have today. The grandparents, with their daughter, and grandsons Benjamin, 10 and Thomas, 7, spent nine weeks in a 1940s house. They had no washing machine, microwave, computer or mobile phones.The grandmother, Lyn, said, “It was hard physically, but not mentally.” She believed life was less materialistic. “The more things you have, the more difficult life becomes,” she said. The boys said they fought less. Probably, they said, because there was less to fight over, such as their computer. Also Lyn changed from being a “fashionable, beer-drinking granny, to one who cooked things.”Here are some simple ways to beat the stress often caused by our inventions!Don’t be available all the time. Turn off your mobile phone at certain times of the day. Don’t check your emails every day.Make sure you spend some time talking to your family. Set aside one evening a week when you don’t turn on the television. Play cards and chat instead.Get a low-tech hobby. Every day, do something in the old-fashioned way, such as walking to have a face-to-face meeting instead of using the email or telephone.Don’t worry too much about life — laugh more.68. The passage is mainly about ______.A. the important roles technology plays in our everyday lifeB. improvements of our life with technologyC. problems with technologyD. major changes which will be likely to happen to technology69. The writer uses the quote (引文) at the beginning of the story to ______.A. share a truth about lifeB. tell us what life was like long time agoC. point out that you experience some big problems and they may be the sameD. make us wonder what causes such a thing to happen70. Why did the family choose to spend some time in a 1940s house?A. Because they loved to live simple lives.B. Because they were curious about how people lived without modern inventions.C. Because they were troubled by modern inventions.D. Because living a different time would be a lot of fun for them.71. What do you think the underlined word “available” in the 1st suggestion offered by the writermeans?A. Busy.B. Free.C. Usable.D. Found by others.9.The price of gas has been going up. We do not know when it will end. Many people want to know how they can save fuel(燃料)． The best way to save fuel is to change driving habits．The accelerator(加速器), or gas pedal，has a lot to do with how much gas you use．The faster you drive, the more gas you use. Drivers should slow down a bit to save fuel. Driving at a steady speed helps to save much gas you use．Accelerating slowly to get to the speed you want helps save gas, too．The more you drive your car．the more gas you use．Think about the places you need to go before leaving your home. You should run as many errands(差事) that you need to do as you can in one trip．Always try to pick the shortest route when going somewhere．Cars that are in good working condition use less fuel. Take care of your car. Make sure the engine is running well and is tuned-up often. Have a mechanic check if something seems wrong．Tires(轮胎) are important, too. Keep the tires inflated(饱满) properly on a car. It will help the car roll better. If a car's tires are worn, then they should be replaced．Finally，think about using your car less．Walk or ride a bike if you do not have to go far．Carpool(合伙用车) or take public transportation(公交) when you can．Leaving your car at home really saves gas．59．Which of the following can help save much oil?A．Drive as fast as you can．B．Accelerate quickly to get to the speed you want．C．Drive fast a little now and slowly a little then．D．Drive at a speed that is seldom changed．60．The underlined sentence in the 3rd paragraph probably means that“You should __________in one trip”．A．do as many things as you canB．go to as many places as you canC．take as many people as you canD．use as many ways of driving as you can61．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A．Always keep your car in good working condition．B．Never use your car unless it is necessary．C．Replace your tires if they are worn out．D．Never keep your gas pump too full．62．How many ways of saving fuel are mentioned in the passage?A．4． B．5． C．6． D．7．10.Some spiders hunt on the ground, others build webs to trap their food, but the grass water spider catches its prey by running along the surface of the water.This special water spider lives on the grassy banks of streams where mosquitoes, damsel flies and other insects come to feed and breed.Although it is one of the largest spiders in New Zealand, it has an unusual ability. It doesn’t disturb the water as it waits for its meal, and there is barely a ripple(波纹) when it skims(掠过) across the surface at lightning speed to catch its prey.Grass water spiders deal swiftly with larger insects like damsel flies by pulling their heads under the water and holding them there until they drown.After a meal, the grass water spider spends up to half an hour grooming(修饰) itself. It wipes its eight eyes, brushes its antennae(触角), and takes special care to clean the hairs on its body.It is the hairs that trap tiny bubbles(泡沫) of air so that the spider can run down a blade(叶片) of grass and stay underwater for up to an hour when it is frightened. The hairs also keep the spider dry, even underwater.It is only when the female spider is caring for the young that she does not hunt on the water. After mating, she produces a large egg sac(囊), which she carries around for five weeks. Once the eggs start to hatch, she attaches the sac to some blades of grass or a thistle. She then tears the sac open and releases the tiny spiders into the nursery web.1. How does the grass water spider kill its prey?A. in a webB. by drowningC. by poisoningD. with its antennae2. The writer describes the specia l spider as “special” because _______.A. it walks on waterB. it has eight eyesC. of its hairy appearanceD. of the way it produces its young3. The passage tells us that the spider ______.A. feeds grass and thistles to its young.B. lives on blades of grass under the waterC. lives in the grass on the banks of streamsD. eats a meal once every five weeks4. The purpose of the passage is to _______.A. convince readers that spiders are dangerousB. indicate that the grass water spider is endangeredC. list all of the spiders that can be found in New ZealandD. describe the characteristics of the grass water spider11.While children are dogs---loyal and affectionate (情深的)—teenagers are cats. It’s so easy to be a dog owner. You feed it, train it, and boss it around. It puts its head on your knee and gazes at you as if you were a Rembrandt painting. It bounds indoors with enthusiasm when you call it.Then around age 13, your adoring little puppy turns into a big old cat. When you tell it to come inside, it looks amazed, as if wondering who died and made you emperor. Instead of dogging your doorsteps, it disappears. You won’t see it again until it gets hungry—then it pauses on its sprint through the kitchen long enough to turn its nose up at whatever you’re serving. when you reach out to ruffle its head, in that old affectionate gesture, it twists away from you, then gives you a blank stare, as if trying to remember where it has seen you before.You, not realizing that the dog is now a cat, think something must be desperately wrong with it. It seems so antisocial, so distant, sort of depressed. It won’t go on family outings.Since you are the one who raised it, taught it to fetch and stay and sit on command, you assume that you did something wrong. Flooded with guilt and fear, you redouble your efforts to make your pet behave.Only now you’re dealing with a cat, so everything that worked before now produces the op posite of the desired result. Call it, and it runs away. Tell it to sit, and it jumps on the counter. The more you go toward it, wringing your hands, the more it moves away.Put a dish of food near the door, and let it come to you. But remember that a cat needs your help and your affection too. Sit still, and it will come, seeking that warm, comforting lap it has not entirely forgotten. Be there to open the door for it.One day your grown-up child will walk into the kitchen, give you a big kiss and say, “You’ve been on your feet all day. Let me get those dishes for you. ”Then you’ll realize your cat is a dog again.72. What does the word “it ” refer to in the third paragraph?A. a catB. a dogC. a childD. a situation73. When you call a dog, how will it probably react to you?A. excitedlyB. indifferentlyC. angrilyD. calmly74. What can we learn from the passage?A. Cats do not easily follow your directions while dogs are more loyal.B. Parents had better leave their teenagers alone and don’t care about them.C. Parents should consider what they do wrong to educate their children.D. You can’t expect Children to be considerate t oward their parents.75. What is the chief purpose of writing this passage?A. To tell us how to raise pets like cats and dogs.B. To tell us how a dog changes into a cat.C. To tell us the similarities between pets and children.D. To tell us how to deal with teenagers aged 13 or so.12.“Dutch” expressions heard in American English were first used in England in the 17th century. That was a time of fierce competition between England and Holland . At that time, the British used “Dutch” as a word for something bad, or false.A Dutch agreement was one made between men who had drunk too much alcohol. Dutch leave was what a soldier took when he left his base without permission.Some of these old expressions are still used today with a little different meaning. Long ago, a Dutch treat was a dinner at which the invited guests were expected to pay for their own share of food and drink. Now, Dutch treat means that when friends go out to have fun, each person pays his own share.A nother common expression heard a few years ago was “In Dutch”. If someone told you that you were in Dutch, they mean that you were in trouble.Some of the Dutch expressions heard in American English have nothing to do with the Dutch people at all. In the seventeen hundreds, Germans who moved to the United States often were called Dutch. During the American Civil War, supporters of the northern side in the central state of Missouri were called Dutch, because many of them were German settlers. President Theodore Roosevelt once noted that anything foreign and non-English was called Dutch.59.Why does the word “Dutch” often have a negative(消极的)meaning in English?A. Because in the 17th century , the Dutch were timid(胆小的)B. Because in the 17th century , the Dutch often drank a lot of alcohol.C. Because in the 17th century , the Dutch often fought with the British .D. Because in the 17th century , the Dutch didn’t like to pay for others.60.If you want to tell your friend that he is in tro uble, you can use “________”A. A DutchB. Go DutchC. In DutchD. Dutch leave61.Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. The original meaning of “Dutch” refers to the people in the British.B. “Dutch” sometimes means all that is no n-English in American English.C. The Dutch uncles are often very severe.D. “Dutch” expressions in English didn’t come from the Dutch at all.62.What’s the passage mainly about?A. Telling us that“Dutch” is not a good word.B. Showing that “Dutch” means differently between the British and the American.C. Telling us there was fierce competition between England and Holland.D. Helping us enlarge the knowledge about the word “Dutch”.13.Dior was born in Normandy in 1905, and his family’s original plans for him included a career in the diplomatic service, but by the time he was twenty-three, with his parents’ money, he opened a small art gallery in Paris. By 1931, the money had been used up. Dior’s friends in the art gallery asked him to draw and he took his first step at designing and drawing. His first job was with Lucien Lelong from whom Dior learned his craft (手艺).In February, 1947, Dior started the New Look in his first major Paris collection. He was backed by a famous textile producer. Boussac, who looked after the dollars, while Dior looked after the fashions. Dior knew nothing about cutting and sewing, but he was good at fashion design.The New look started an entirely different look to costume, with a tiny waist, a rounded shoulder and a shapely bust (胸围), usually with a low-cut neckline and a long, full skirt. To women who had lived through the war years, the femaleness of the New Look was a great success, for people were tired of the extremely plain, wartime restrictive fashions.It is said that dres ses by Dior were “constructed like buildings,” but young people were attracted to his design, and all over the western world, manufacturers plunged (投入) into the production of his new style. Dior’s revolutionary designs lighted up a whole cycle of fashion,rounded, gentle, feminine, a delight in elegance. A New Look House of Dior opened in 1948, followed by one in London. Considered as King of Couture (Women’s clothing) for years, the Dior empire grew until it covered every country in the western world, and included furs, hosiery, jewelry, perfumes, men’s wear and so on . More than 1,000 people worked at the Paris headquarter then.His sudden death in 1957 when he was 54 years old did not stop the growth of the House of Dior. Even now, so many years after his death, his name is closely connected with fashion throughout the world, and indeed is one of the most recognized names in the world. His first, great New Look, with its long skirts was an expression of freedom in the late 1940s.65．Which of the following designs is close to Dior’s?。

江苏省高考英语阅读理解-细节理解（1）附答案解析1、 Jimmy Doolittle was a scientist, an airplane engineer anda general in the United States Army.At one time, he held the record for flying faster than any other person. He was the first pilot to cross the United States in less than twenty-four hours. He was the first pilot to fly“ blind’’,using only instruments to guide his airplane.And, when his country entered World War Two, he led one ofthe first successful attacks against the enemy.Jimmy Doolittle was bom on December, 14th, 18%,in the western state of California. His family soon moved to Nome,Alaska. Jimmy was a small boy. He never grew to be very big. Yet larger boys made a mistake if they thought being small also meant being weak. Jimmy would fight if someone tried to hurt him. And he almost never lost.As a young man he became a boxing champion. When the United States entered World War One, young Jimmy Doolittle joined the army. He also asked to be trained as a pilot. On March 18th, 1918, Jimmy passed the tests and graduated from flight school. He had hoped togo to France and fight in the war. The army, however, had him train other pilots. When the war ended, Jimmy chose to stay in the army.He thought this would give him a chance to combine his flying skills and his interest in engineering.For most of the years between World War One and World War Two, Jimmy Doolittle was involved in the growth of the airplane industry. He helped test new airplanes. He flew longer and longer distances.He also entered the world-famous air races of the time.On September 27th, 1993, the scientist, racing pilot, avia-tion pioneer and military leader Jimmy Doolittle died.1.Which of the following statements about Jimmy is NOT true?A.He was the first pilot to fly with his eyes covered.B.He held the record for the flying speed at one time.C.He was the first pilot that crossed America in less than 24 hours.D.He was the first pilot to fly only by using instruments to guide his airplane.2.What did Jimmy do during the First World War?A.He went to France to fight.B.He trained other pilots in the army.C.He became a boxing champion.D.He led the army to attack against the enemy.3.Why did Jimmy choose to stay in the army when the war ended?A.He liked the army very much.B.He wanted to train more pilots in the army.C.He thought the army could provide better salary.D.The army was a good place to combine his skills and interest.4.The last paragraph but one mainly tells Jimmy's _______.A.achievementsB.contributionsC.developmentD.strengths2、 One day,I received a call from a colleague.He was about to give a student a zero for his answer to a physical problem,while thestudent claimed a perfect score.I was elected as their arbiter(仲裁人).I read the examination proble m,“Show how it is possible to d e-termine the height of a tall building with the aid of a barometer(气压计).”The student had answered,“Take the barometer to the top of the building,attach a long rope to it,lower it to the street,and then bring it up and measure the length of the rope.The length of it is the height of the building.”The student had really answered the question completely,but the answer didn’t confirm his competence in physics.I suggested the student try again.I gave him six minutes to answer the ques-tion,warning that the answer should show some knowledge of phys-ics.Five minutes later,he said he had many answers and dashed off one,which read “Take the barometer to the top of the building and lean over the edge of the roof.Drop the barometer,timing its fall with a stopwatch.Then,use the physical formula(公式)to calculate the height of the building.”At this point,my colleague had to accept it,and then the stu-dent made almost full marks.I couldn’t help asking the student what the other answers were.He listed many others,and then add-ed,“Probably the best one is to take the barometer to the admini s-trator and say to him,‘Sir,here is a fine barometer.If you tell me the height of the building,I will give it to you.’”Then,I asked the student if he really did not know the con-ventional answer to this question.He admitted that he did,but said that he was fed up with high school and college instructors trying to teach him how to think.The name of the student was Bohr who later was famous allover the world.He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922.1.The student got a zero at the beginning because ________.A.the teacher wasn’t satisfied with himB.his answer wasn’t complete or correctC.the teacher didn’t fully understand his answerD.his answer didn’t show his knowledge of physics2.We know from the passage that ________.A.the student knew the expected answerB.the administrator told Bohr the heightC.the author preferred Bohr’s last answerD.the teacher was a very stubborn person3.We can learn from the passage that ________.A.instructors can teach students how to thinkB.arbiters can help students to get high scoresC.students should be given more freedom in thinkingD.teachers should make students use physical formulas4.What was Bohr’s attit ude toward his schooling?A.Optimistic.B.Critical.C.Approving.D.Pessimistic.3 Like many new graduates, I left university full of hope for the future but with no real idea of what I wanted to do. My degree, with honors, in English literature had not really prepared me for anything practical. I knew I wanted to make a difference in theworld somehow, but I had no idea how to do that. That’s when I learned about the Lighthouse Project.I started my journey as a Lighthouse Project volunteer by reading as much as I could about the experiences of previous volunteers. I knew it would be a lot of hard work, and that I wouldbe away from my family and friends for a very long time. In short, I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project lightly. Neither did my family.Eventually, however, I won the support of my family, and Isent in all the paperwork needed for application. After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to stand out among the candidates and survive the test alone. Several months later, Ifinally received a call asking me to report for duty. I would begoing to a small village near Abuja, Nigeria. Where? What? Nigeria?I had no idea. But I was about to find out.After completing my training, I was sent to the village that was small and desperately in need of proper accommodation. Thoughthe local villagers were poor, they offered their homes, hearts, and food as if I were their own family. I was asked to lead a small team of local people in building a new schoolhouse. For the next year or so, I taught in that same schoolhouse. But I sometimes think Ilearned more from my students than they did from me.Sometime during that period, I realized that all those things that had seemed so strange or unusual to me no longer did, though I did not get anywhere with the local language, and I returned to the United States a different man. The Lighthouse Project had changed my life forever.1.What do we know about the author?A.His university education focused on theoretical knowledge.B.His dream at university was to become a volunteer.C.He took pride in having contributed to the world.D.He felt honored to study English literature.2.According to Paragraph 2, it is most likely that the author _____.A.discussed his decision with his familyB.asked previous volunteers about voluntary workC.attended special training to perform difficult tasksD.felt sad about having to leave his family and friends3.In his application for the volunteer job, the author _____.A.participated in many discussionsB.went through challenging survival testsC.wrote quite a few papers on voluntary workD.faced strong competition from other candidates4.On arrival at the village, the author was _____.A.asked to lead a farming teamB.sent to teach in schoolhouseC.received warmly by local villagersD.arranged to live in a separate house5.What can we infer from the author’s experiences in Nigeria?A.He found some difficulty adapting to the local culture.B.He had learned to communicate in the local language.C.He had overcome all his weaknesses before he left for home.D.He was chosen as the most respectable teacher by his students.4、 What are American high schools like? Well, I'm happy totell you what I know.When I started school here, it had already been a week since the school opened. At this school, freshmen usually go on a trip for about three days at the beginning of school. Unfortunately I missed that wonderful trip, which would have been the best time to get to know my classmates. I was really sad. I wished I d known about it earlier.Despite the disappointment, however, I gradually adapted tomy new life and school.There is a space in the basement of the teaching building where students chat and meet each other. As we do not always havethe same classrooms and classmates, the school wants us to get to know each other there. Students usually come to school early, sit in that space and have fun. Around the space, there are many lockersfor students to leave their books in, so that students do not haveto carry a heavy schoolbageverywhere.It really surprises me that we have almost no textbooks. We only have textbooks for World History and Algebra and they are big and heavy,like bricks. For other classes,we only need binders(活页夹) with paper in them. Without textbooks, students learn things freely and actively. For example, my humanities teacher just teaches uswhat is in her mind at the time. We never know what we will learn.Another difference between American schools and Chineseschools is that American schools care about students' morality more than their academic studies. For example, if you do not finish your homework, you will just be asked to do it later, but if you cheat or lie, you will get a warning or even be kicked out.I think that most students here are good at schoolwork as well, but compared to Chinese students, they can make learning a more joyful experience. I think we should take the good points from our two different kinds of education to perfect our approach to studying.1.What was the writer sad for?A.He was late for school.B.He missed the trip at the beginning of school.C.He didn’t know anyone.D.American students looked down upon him.2.Why do students go to the basement of the teaching building?A.To attend class.B.To share a classroom.C.To have fun.D.To meet teachers.3.According to the passage, in American high schools, _______.A.you are likely to be kicked out if you cheatB.you'll be punished if you do not finish your homeworkC.students are better at schoolwork than Chinese studentsD.students care much about the grades they get5、 One year ago,I paid no attention to English idioms,though my teacher emphasized(强调) their importance again and again. But soon, the importance of English idioms was shown in an amusing expe-rience.One day, I happened to meet an Englishman on the road, and soon we began to talk. As I was talking about how I was studyingEnglish, the foreigner seemed to be astonished.Gently shaking his head,shrugging his shoulders,he said, “You don’t say!” “You don’t say!” I was puzzled. I thought perhaps this was not an appropriate topic. I’d better change the topic. So I said to him, “Well,shall we talk about the Great Wall? By the way,have you ever been there?” “Certainly, everyone back home will laugh at me if I leave China without seeing it. It was magnificent. ’’ He was deep in thought when I began to talk like a tourist guide.“The Great Wall is one of the wonders in the world. We are very proud of it. So on I was interrupted again by his words “You don’t say!” I couldn’t help asking, “Why do you ask me not to talk about it?” “Well,I didn’t ask you to do so,” he a n-swered,greatly surprised. I said,“Didn’t you say ‘You don’t say! Hearing this,the Englishman laughed to tears. He began to ex-plain,“‘You don’t say! ’ actually means ‘Really! ’ It is an expression of surprise. Perhaps you don't pay attention to English idioms. " Only then did I know I had made a fool of myself. Since then I have been more careful with idiomatic expressions. Remember: what the English teachers said is always right to us students.1.At first, on hearing “You don’t say!” I thought the foreigner meant __________.A.he was not interested in the topicB.he was only interested in the Great WallC.I had talked too muchD.I had to stop talking at once2.After the Englishman explained the idiom, _______.A.I felt proud of my understandingB.the Englishman made a fool of himselfC.I felt very sillyD.I became more careful in everything3.What does the writer try to tell us?A.When you are speaking to a foreigner, you should be careful.B.English idioms are important.C.Foreigners are hard to understand.D.Learning a foreign language is difficult.4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.The Englishman left China without seeing the Great Wall.B.The Englishman wanted to see the Great Wall after I talked about it.C.The Englishman wanted me to act as his guide.D.The Englishman visited the Great Wall and thought it worth visit-ing.6、An unlikely best friendOnce again, I was in a new schooL So was a girl in my class named Paris. That's where the similarities ended.I was tall and she was small. I was one of the oldest in the class while she was the youngest. I was awkward(笨拙的) and shy. She wasn’t. I couldn’t stand her,considering her my enemy. But she wanted to be friends.One day, she invited me over and I said yes —I was too shocked to say no. Actually,no one had invited me over to play be-fore. But this girl, who wore the latest fashions, wanted to see me.She lived on the fourth floor in a two-room place with her mother, her stepfather, her two brothers and her sister. When we got to the room she shared with her sister, she took out a big case of Barbies—which was my next surprise. I would have thought she’d outgrown(长大而放弃)them. I had never played with them. But we sat on the floor of a walk-in cupboard laughing as we made up crazy sto-ries about the Barbies. That's when we found out that we both wanted to be writers when we were older. We both had wild imaginations.We had a great day that afternoon. Our jaws(下巴) ached from smiling so much. She showed me her outfits(外套), which had almost come from a designer clothing store down the block. The woman who owned it used her as a model sometimes for her newspaper ads and gave her clothes in exchange.Paris had the whole neighborhood charmed (使入迷). The bookstore owners lent her fashion magazines, the movie theater gave her free passes and the pizza place let her have free pieces. Soon I was included in her magic world. We slept over at each other's hous-es, and spent every free moment together. My dark hair grew out and I learned to love being tall.Paris, my first real friend since childhood, helped me get through the tough teenage years and taught me an amazing and very surprising thing about making friends: your “worst enemy” can turn out to be your best friend.1.The writer and Paris were similar in that ________.A.they were both new studentsB.both of them were friendlyC.both of them were tallD.they were both the youngest in class2.In the article the writer describes Paris as a girl whowas ________.A.awkward and shyB.fashionable and proudC.quiet and lonelyD.friendly and lovely3.What did the writer learn from Paris?A.How to make best use of your neighborhood.B.How to dress and look fashionable.C.How to become a good writer.D.How to make friends.4.From the article,we can see that through her friendship with Paris, the writer ________.A.found she and Paris had more similarities than differencesB.was able to fit in at her new school with Paris' helpC.was not so awkward or shy as beforeD.learned more about fashion herself答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案：1.A; 2.B; 3.D; 4.A解析：1.细节理解题。

56. According to the survey, people left alone on a desert island would most want their_________ _.A. MP3 playerB. dogC. spouse/ partnerD. celebrity57. Which of the following is true about George Clooney?A. He has been trained in wilderness survival.B. He may not be able to help you survive.C. He does not think Roseane is beautiful.D. He is the choice of most South African women.58. The survey results are analyzed in terms of the respondents’ __________.A. sex, age and nationalityB. race, nationality and sexC. marriage, age and raceD. age, sex and marriageBDeputy Agriculture Secretary Kathleen Merrigan sees an epidemic (流行病) sweeping acrossAmerica’s farmland. It has little to do with the usual challenges, such as flood, rising fuel pricesand crop-eating insects. The country’s farmers are getting older, and there are fewer people standing in line to take their place. National agricultural census (普查) figures show that the fastest-growing group of farmers is the part over 65. Merrigan is afraid the average age will be even higher when the 2012 statistics are completed.Merrigan, a former college professor, is making stops at universities across the country in hopes of encouraging more students to think about careers in agriculture. Aside from trying to stop the graying of America’s farmers, her work is made tougher by a recent blog pos ting that put agriculture at No. 1 on a list of “useless〞college degrees. Top federal agriculture officials are talking about the posting, and it has the attention of agricultural organizations across the country.“There couldn’t be anything that’s more in correct,〞Merrigan said. “We know that there aren’t enough qualified graduates to fill the jobs that are out there in American agriculture.〞In addition, a growing world population that some experts predict will require 70% more foodproduction by 2050, she said.“I truly believe we’re at a golden age of agriculture. Global demand is at an all-time recordhigh, and global supplies are at all-time record lows,〞said Matt Rush, director of the Texas FarmBureau. “Production costs are going to be valuable enough th at younger people are going to have the opportunity to be involved in agriculture.〞The Department of Agriculture has programs aimed at developing more farmers and at increasing interest in locally grown food. The National Young Farmers’Coalition has also been pushing for state and federal policy changes to make it easier for new farmers.Ryan Best, president of Future Farmers of America, has been living out of a suitcase, travelingthe country and visiting with high school students about careers in agriculture. The 21-year-old Besthopes his message—that this is a new time in agriculture—will motivate the next generation to turnaround the statistics. “Never before have we had the innovations (创新) in technology which haveled to agriculture in this country being the most efficient it has ever been,〞he said. “There’s really a place for everybody to fit in.〞59. What is the new challenge to American agriculture?A. Fewer and older farmers.B. Higher fuel prices.C. More natural disasters.D. Lower agricultural output.60. Why is Merrigan visiting universities across the country?A. To draw federal agriculture officials’attention.B. To select qualified agriculture graduates.C. To clarify a recent blog posting.D. To talk more students into farming careers.61. According to Matt Rush, American agriculture will provide opportunities for youngerpeoplebecause__________A. the government will cover production costsB. global food supplies will be even lowerC. investment in agriculture will be profitableD. America will increase its food export62. What do the underlined words “to turn around the statistics〞in the last paragraph mean?A. To re-analyze the result of the national census.B. To increase agricultural production.C. To bring down the average age of farmers.D. To invest more in agriculture.CMedical drugs sometimes cause more damage than they cure. One solution to this problem is toput the drugs inside a capsule, protecting them from the body—and the body from them—until theycan be released at just the right spot. There are lots of ways to trigger (引发) this release,including changing temperature, acidity, and so on. But triggers can come with their own risks—burns, forexample. Now, researchers in California have designed what could be a harmless triggerto date: shining near-infrared light (NIR, 近红外线) on the drug in the capsule.The idea of using light to liberate the drug in the capsule isn’t new. Researchers around theglobe have developed polymers (聚合物) and other materials that begin to break down when theyabsorb either ultraviolet (UV, 紫外线) or visible light. But tissues also readily absorb UV andvisible light, which means the drug release, can be triggered only near the skin, where the light canreach the capsule. NIR light largely passes through tissues, so researchers have tried to use it as atrigger. But few compounds (化合物) absorb NIR well and go through chemical changes.That changed last year when Adah Almutairi, a chemist at the University of California, SanDiego, reported that she and her colleagues had designed a polymer that breaks down when itabsorbs NIR light. Their polymer used a commercially available NIR-absorbing groupcalledo-nitrobenzyl (ONB). When they catch the light, ONB groups fall off the polymer, leadingto itsbreakdown. But ONB is only a so-so NIR absorber, and it could be poisonous to cells when it separates from the polymer.So Almutairi and her colleagues reported creating a new material for capsules that’s even better. This one consists of a long chain of compounds called cresol groups linked in a polymer. Cresol contains reactive(易反应的) components that make it highly unstable in its polymeric form, a feature Almutairi and her colleagues use to their advantage. After polymerizing the cresols, they cap each reactive component with a light-absorbing compound called Bhc. When the Bhcs absorb NIR light, the reactive groups are exposed and break the long polymer into two short chains. Shining additional light continues this breakdown, potentially releasing any drugs in the capsule. What’s more, Almutairi says, Bhc is 10 times better at absorbing NIR than is ONB and is not poisonous to cells.63. According to the passage, which of the following could be the best trigger?A. Temperature change.B. NIR light.C. Acidity change.D. UV light.64. Why is ONB unsatisfactory?A. It breaks down when it absorbs NIR light.B. It falls off the polymer and triggers drug release.C. It has not come onto the market up till now.D. It is not effective enough and could be poisonous.65. Which word can be used to complete the following process of changes?A. protectedB. formedC. exposedD. combinedDFranz Kafka wrote that “a book must be the ax (斧子) for the frozen sea inside us. 〞I onceshared this sentence with a class of seve nth graders, and it didn’t seem to require any explanation.We’d just finished John Steinbeck’s novel Of Mice and Men. When we read the end together out loud in class, my toughest boy, a star basketball player, wept a little, and so did I. “Are you crying?〞one girl asked, as she got out of her chair to take a closer look. “I am,〞I told her, “andthe funny thing is I’ve read it many times.〞But they understood. When George shoots Lennie, the tragedy is that we realize it was alwaysgoing to happen. In my 14 ye ars of teaching in a New York City public middle school, I’ve taughtkids with imprisoned parents, abusive parents, irresponsible parents; kids who are parentsthemselves; kids who are homeless; kids who grew up in violent neighborhoods. They understand, mor e than I ever will, the novel’s terrible logic—the giving way of dreams to fate (命运).For the last seven years, I have worked as a reading enrichment teacher, reading classic worksof literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight. I originally proposed this idea tomy headmaster after learning that a former excellent student of mine had transferred out of a selective high school—one that often attracts the literary-minded children of Manhattan’s upper classes—into a less competitive setting. The daughter of immigrants, with a father in prison, she perhaps feltuncomfortable with her new classmates. I thought additional “cultural capital〞could help studentslike her develop better in high school, where they would unavoidably meet, perhaps for the firsttime, students who came from homes lined with bookshelves, whose parents had earned Ph. D.’s.Along with Of Mice and Men, my groups read: Sounder, The Red Pony, Lord of the Flies, Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth. The students didn’t always read from the expected point of view.About The Red Pony, one student said, “it’s about being a man, it’s about manliness.〞I had never before seen the parallels between Scarface and Macbeth, nor had I heard Lady Macbeth’s soliloquies (独白) read as raps (说唱), but both made sense; the interpretations were playful, but serious.Once introduced to Steinbeck’s writing, one boy went on to read The Grapes of Wrath and told me repeatedly how amazing it was that “all these people hate each other, and they’re all white.〞His historical view was broadening, his sense of his own country deepening. Year afteryear, former students visited and told me how prepared they had felt in their first year in college as a result of the classes.Year after year, however, we are increasing the number of practice tests. We are trying toteach students to read increasingly complex texts, not for emotional punch (碰撞) but for textcomplexity. Yet, we cannot enrich (充实) the minds of our students by testing them on texts thatignore their hearts. We are teaching them that words do not amaze but confuse. We may succeed inraising test scores, but we will fail to teach them that reading can be transformative and that itbelongs to them.66. The underlined words in Paragraph 1 probably mean that a book helps to __________.A. realize our dreamsB. give support to our lifeC. smooth away difficultiesD. awake our emotions67. Why were the students able to understand the novel Of Mice and Men?A. Because they spent much time reading it.B. Because they had read the novel before.C. Because they came from a public school.D. Because they had similar life experiences.68. The girl left the selective high school possibly because__________..A. she was a literary-minded girlB. her parents were immigrantsC. she couldn’t fit in with her classD. her father was then in prison69. To the author’s surprise, the students read the novels__________..A. creativelyB. passivelyC. repeatedlyD. carelessly70. The author writes the passage mainly to__________..A. introduce classic works of literatureB. advocate teaching literature to touch the heartC. argue for equality among high school studentsD. defend the current testing system13年12年第三部分(共15 小题,每小题2 分,共30 分)56. C 57. B 58. A 59. A 60. D 61. C 62. C 63. B 64. D 65. C 66. D 67. D 68. C 69. A 70. B11年。

江苏高考英语阅读训练题(一)Why was Bastille important to the citizens of Paris? Thebuilding of the Bastille had been startedin 1370 under Charles V By the seventeenth century it had stopped to be important fordefense.Cardinal Richelieu turned it into a prison.It was not an ordinary prison to punishcommon crimes.Its huge doors closed only on enemies of the King The Bastille's workings weresecret.Prisoners were taken to it in closed vehicles.Soldiers on guard duty had to stand withtheir faces to the wall NO talking was allowed Worst of all，a prisoner never knew if he wouldbe there a day，a week，a year，or forever.Only the King's letter could set him freeOver the years the number of arrests by King's letter had become fewer.By the time of itsfall.most of the prisoners were writers who had written against the corruptions(贪污腐败)of thegovernment Voltaire，the famous French writer，spent a year there in 1717～1718，andanother 12 days in 1726. For those who believed in free speech and free thinking，the Bastillestood for everything evil.The day it was captured，only seven prisoners were foundinside.Still，the Bastille was hated by the people It was a symbol of the King's completepower.1.The Bastille had been a prison ____A.since the time of Charles VB.since 1370C.before the seventeenth centuryD.since time of Cardinal Richelieu2.According to the passage，which of the following statements is FALSE?A.Anyone who did something wrong could find himself suddenly in the BastilleB.The Bastille was only for those who were opposed to the King.C.Things done in the Bastille were hardly known to people outsideD.Voltaire was twice put in the Bastille.3.At the time of its fall，the Bastille housed ____.A.a large number of prisonersB.a lot of writers who had been against the governmentC.some dozens of people who believed in free speech and free thinkingD.only a few prisoners4.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A.All prisoners in the Bastille had to stay there for lifeB.Over the years the number of prisoners in the Bastille was getting more and more.C.The King could put people in，or let them go out，as he wanted.D.At the time it was captured，there were so few prisoners in it that it meant little to thepeople.5.This passage mainly ______A.tells how the prisoners were controlled by the KingB.tells how little was known about the BastilleC.shows the inner workings of the BastilleD.gives a brief history of the Bastille江苏高考英语阅读训练题答案1.D2.A3.D4.C5.D江苏高考英语阅读训练题(二)Almost every family buys as least one copy of a newspaper every day.Some people subscribe toas many as two or three different newspapers But why do people read newspapers?Five hundred years ago，news of important happenings--battles lost and won，kings or rulersoverthrown(推翻)or killed--took months and even years to travel from one country toanother.The news passed by word of mouth and was never accurate.Today we can read in ournewspapers of important events that occur in far away countries on the same day they happen.Apart from supplying news from all over the world，newspapers give us a lot of other usefulinformation There are weather reports，radio，television and film guides，bookreviews，stories，and ofcourse.advertisements.The bigger ones are put in by large companiesto bring attention to their products.They pay the newspapers thousands of dollars for theadvertising space，but it is worth the money for news of their products goes into almost everyhome in the country For those who produce newspapers，advertisements are also veryimportant.Money earned from advertisements makes it possible for them to sell theirnewspapers at a low price and still make a profit.1.The phrase "subscribe to" in the first paragraph means"________"A.go to the newspaper stand and buyB.send their own news stories toC.agree to buy for a specific period of timeD become faithful readers of2.The habit of reading newspapers is _____A.widespreadB.found among a few familiesC.not popularD.uncommon3.Before the time of the newspaper，______A bad news traveled quickly and good news slowlyB few people cared about events that took place in far away countriesC.kings and rulers were often overthrown or killedD.news was passed from one person to another4.The author seems to agree that money spent on advertisements is ______A.wastedB.not muchC well spentD.of no use to anyone5.Which of the following statements is TRUE?A.Five hundred years ago it took a long time for news to reach other countries.B.Newspaper advertisements turn people’S attention away from their products.C.The news that we read in newspapers is mainly about new products.D When newspapers are sold at a low price，the newspaper producers will lose money.江苏高考英语阅读训练题答案1.C2.A3.D4.C5.A。

江苏高考英语真题任务型阅读Since the reform in 2017, the National College Entrance Examination (commonly known as the Gaokao) in Jiangsu Province, China, has adopted a new format, including a section called "任务型阅读" (task-based reading). This section aims to test students' ability to understand and analyze information, as well as their reading comprehension skills. In this article, we will explore the format of the Jiangsu Gaokao "任务型阅读" section and provide some tips for effective preparation.The "任务型阅读" section of the Jiangsu Gaokao consists of several passages, each followed by a set of questions. Candidates are required to read the passages carefully and answer the questions based on the information provided. This section assesses students' ability to identify key information, make inferences, and draw conclusions from the text.To excel in the "任务型阅读" section, students should adopt a systematic approach. Here are some tips to help you with your preparation:1. Skim the passage: Before diving into the questions, take a quick look at the passage to get a general idea of the content. Pay attention to the title, headings, and any diagrams or charts that may accompany the text. Skimming the passage helps you establish a mental framework and enables you to grasp the main idea more effectively.2. Read the questions carefully: After skimming the passage, carefully read the questions to understand what information you need to look for. Underline or highlight keywords or phrases in the questions to guide youduring your reading. This step will help you stay focused and avoid being overwhelmed by the amount of text.3. Read the passage in detail: Now it's time to read the passage thoroughly. Pay attention to the details and take note of any relevant information that can help you answer the questions. It may be helpful to annotate the text by underlining or circling key points, connecting ideas with arrows, or writing brief summaries next to paragraphs.4. Answer the questions strategically: Once you have finished reading the passage, go back to the questions and answer them one by one. Start with the questions that you find the easiest, as this will boost your confidence and save time. For questions that require you to refer back to the text, make sure to locate the relevant information accurately.5. Check your answers: Before submitting your answer sheet, take the time to review your answers. Make sure each answer is supported by the information in the passage and that you have provided clear and concise responses. Pay attention to spelling, grammar, and punctuation, as errors in these areas can cost you valuable marks.Remember, practice makes perfect. To perform well in the "任务型阅读" section of the Jiangsu Gaokao, it is crucial to practice regularly. Familiarize yourself with the format and types of questions typically asked in this section. Pay attention to your speed and accuracy, and gradually improve your reading comprehension skills through consistent effort.In conclusion, the "任务型阅读" section of the Jiangsu Gaokao assesses students' ability to comprehend and analyze text. By adopting a systematicapproach, carefully reading the passage, strategically answering the questions, and reviewing your answers, you can confidently tackle this section and achieve success in the Jiangsu Gaokao. Good luck!。

Visitor Code●Arrive with nothing that can harm New ZealandIf you are arriving from overseas, bring no food, animal or plant material into the country. If in doubt declare it to Customs.●Protect plants and animalsNever allow dogs or other pets to run freely in areas of nesting birds, other wildlife, or where sighposted.●Get rid of rubbishAlways get rid of your rubbish properly and recycle waste. glass, paper) where possible.●Be considerate with other wasteIf using a portable toilet always throw away your toilet waste at a proper waste station. In the back country, bury your toilet waste in a shallow hole away from waterway.●Keep New Zealand’s water cleanBecause soaps and other wastes can harm waterways, be careful your washing water doesn’t pollute t he sea lakes and rivers.●Take care with firesAlways observe district fire bans. Be careful if you smoke or have an outdoor fire or barbecue, make sure ashes are cold before leaving.●Camp or picnic carefullyWhen camping or picnicking, use facilities provided.●Keep to the trackKeep to the track, where one exists, so you lessen the chance of damaging fragile plants.●Be considerateWhen driving, minimize noise and observe no smoking signs.56. According to Visitor Code, visitors could act_______.A. with care and respectB. with relief and pleasureC. with caution and calmnessD. with attention and observation57. What are you encouraged to do when travelling in New Zealand?A. Take your own camping facilities.B. Bury glass far away from rivers.C. Follow the track for the sake of plants.D. Observe signs to approach nesting birds.BIn the United States alone, over 100 million cell-phones are thrown away each year. Cell-phones are part of a growing mountain of electronic waste like computers and personal digital assistants. The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage as a general.Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver. A Swiss study reported that while the weight of electronic goods represented by precious metals was relatively small in comparison to traditional waste, the concentration(含量) of gold and other precious metal was higher in so-called e-waste than in naturally occurring minerals.Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals. Even when the machine… and the harmful metals removed, the recycled process often is carried out in poor countries, in practicallyuncontrolled ways which allow many poisonous substances to escape into the environment.Creating products out of raw materials creates much more waste material, up to 100 times more, than the material contained in the finished products. Consider again the cell-phone, and imagine the mines that produced those metals, the factories needed to make the box and packaging it came in. Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful as well.The . Environment Protecti on Agency notes that most waste is dangerous in that “the production, distribution, and use of products--- as well as management of the resulting waste---all result in greenhouse release. Individuals can make contributions by creating less waste at… buying reusable products and recycling.In many countries, the concept of extended producer responsibility is being considered or has been put in place as an incentive(动机) for reducing waste. If producers are required to take back packaging they use to sell their products, would they reduce the packaging in the first place?Governments’ incentive to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging they process should be based on money. Why, they ask, should cities or towns be responsible to deal with the bubble wrap(气泡垫) that encased your television?From the governments’ point of view, a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the cost and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and tax-payers back to the producers.58. By… the Swiss study, the author intended to tell us________.A. the weight of e-goods is rather smallB. e-waste deserves to be made good use ofC. natural materials contains more precious metalsD. the percentage of precious metals is heavy in e-waste59. The responsibility of e-waste…transfer ______.A. from producers to governmentsB. from governments to producersC. from individuals to distributorsD. from to governments60. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The increase in e-wasteB. The creation of e-wasteC. The seriousness of e-wasteD. The management of e-wasteCSuppose you become a leader in an organization. It’s very likely that you’ll want to have vo lunteers to help with the organization’s activities. To do so, it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interests in the work.Let’s begin with the question of why people volunteer. Researchers have identified s everal factors that motivate people to get started. For example, people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences and to develop social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet those needs, people may not wish to participate. To select volunteers, you may need to understand the motivation of the people you wish to attract.People also volunteer because they are required to do so. To increase levels of opportunity given, some schools have lau nched volunteer programmes. Unlike…. can …people’s wish of participation from an internal factor . “I volunteer because it’s important to me.”) to an external factor . “I volunteer because I’m prepared to do so.”) When that happens, people become lesslikely to volunteer in the future. People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activity a must.Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question, researchers have conducted follow-up studies in which they track volunteers over time. For instance, one study followed volunteers in Florida over a year. One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfactions as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions. Although this result may not support you, it leads to important practical advice. The researchers note that attention should be given to “training methods that would prepare volunteers… them with strategies for … with the p roblem they experience.”Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree to which people view “volunteer” as an important social role. It was estimated that those people …the role of volunteer … part of their personal …be more likely to continue volunteer work. Participants indicated the degree to which social role matters by responding to statements such as “Volunteering at hospitals is an important part of who I am.” Consistent with the researchers’ expectations, they focused a positive cohesion(正相关) between the strength of role identity and the lengths of time people contributed to volunteer. These… again, lead to concrete advice. “Once an individual begins volunteering, continued effort to focus on developing volunteer role….”61. People volunteer mainly out of__________.A. academic requirementsB. social expectationsC. financial rewardsD. internal needs62. What can we learn from Florida study?A. Follow up studies should last for one year.B. Volunteers should get mentally prepared.C. Volunteer training is a must in research.D. Volunteers are provided with concrete advice.63. What is most likely to motivate volunteers to continue their work?A. individual differences in role identity.B. Publicly identifiable volunteer T-shirt.C. Role identity as a volunteer.D. Practical advice from researchers.64. What is the best title of the passage?A. How to get people to volunteerB. How to study volunteer behaviorC. How to keep volunteers’D. How to organize volunteers’ activitiesDFreedom and ResponsibilityFreedom’s challenge in the digital Age is a serious topic. We are facing today a strange new world and we are all wondering what we are going to do with it.Some 2,500 years ago Greece discovered freedom. Before that there was no freedom. There were great civilizations, splendid empires, but no freedom anywhere. Egypt and Babylon were both tyrannies, one very powerful man ruling over helpless masses.In Greece, in Athens, a little city in a little country, there were no helpless masses. And Athenians willingly obeyed the written laws which they themselves passed, and the unwritten, which must be obeyed if free men live together. They must show each other kindness and pityand the many qualities without which life would be very painful unless one chose to live alone in the desert. The Athenians never thought that a man was free if he could do what he wanted. A man was free if he was self-controlled. To make yourself obey what you approved was freedom. They were saved from looked at their lives as their own private affair. Each one felt responsible for the welfare of Athenians not because it was forced on him from the outside, but because the city was his pride and his safety. The essential belief of the first free government in the world was liberty for all men who could control themselves and would take responsibility for the state.But discovering freedom is not like discovering computers. It cannot be discovered once for all. If people…it, and work for it, it will go. … is its price. …was a change that took place without being noticed though it was of the extreme importance, a spiritual change which affected the whole state. It had been the Athenians’ pride and joy to give to their city. That they could get material benefits from her never entered their mind. There had to be a complete change of attitude before they could look at the city as an employer who paid her citizens fro doing her work. Now instead of men giving to the state, the state was to give to them. What people wanted was a government which would provide a comfortable life for them, and with this as the primary object, ideas of freedom and self-reliance and responsibility…to the point of disappearing. Athens was more and more looked on as a cooperative business possessed of great wealth in which all citizens had a right to share.Athens reached the point when the freedom she really wanted was freedom from responsibility. There could be only one result… burden of self-dependence and responsibility for the common good, they would cease to be free. Responsibility is the price every man must pay for freedom. It is to be had on other terms. Athens, the Athens of Ancient Greece, refused responsibility, she reached the end of freedom and was never to have it again.But, the excellent becomes the permanent, Aristotle said. Athens lost, but freedom was not lost forever for the world. A great American, James Madison referred to “The capacity of mankind for self-government”. No doubt he had not an idea that he was speaking Greek. Athens was not in the farthest background of his mind, but once a man has a great and good idea, it is never completely lost. The digital Age cannot destroy it. Somehow in this or that way thought such an idea lives though unconsidered by the world of action. One can never be sure that it is not on the point of breaking out… only sure that it will do so sometime.65. What does the underlined word ”tyrannies” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Countries where their people need helpB. Powerful states with happinessC. Splendid states where people enjoy freedomD. Empires ruled with absolute power66. People believing in freedom are those who_______.A. regard their life as their own businessB. regard freedom as their primary objectC. behave within laws and value systemD. treat others with kindness and pity67. What change in attitude took place in Athens?A. The Athenians refused to take their responsibility.B. The Athenians no longer took pride in the city.C. The Athenians benefited spiritually from the government.D. The Athenians looked on the government as a business.68. What does the sentence “There could be only one result” in Paragraph 5 mean?A. Athens would come to an end.B. Athens would cease to have freedom.C. Freedom would come from responsibility.D. Freedom would stop Athens from self-dependence.69. Why does the author refer to Aristotle and Madison?A. The author is hopeful about freedom.B. The author is cautious about self-government.C. The author is skeptical of Greece civilization.D. The author is proud of the man’s capacity.70. What is the author’s understanding of freedom?A. Freedom can be more popular in digital age.B. Freedom may come to an end in the digital age.C. Freedom should have privacy over responsibility.D. Freedom needs to be guaranteed by responsibility.答案第三部分(共15 小题;每小题2 分,共30 分)56. A 57. C 58. B 59. B 60. D 61. D 62. B 63. C 64. A 65. D 66. C 67. A 68. B 69. A 70. D第四部分(共10 小题;每小题1 分,共10 分)71. rewards/rewarded 72. Explanations 73. involvement 74. share75. threat 76. prepare 77. withdraw 78. profession(s)/intention 79. adapt 80. depends。

People have been loving about roses since the beginning of time. In fact, it is1that the floors of Cleopatra1’s palace were carpeted with attractive roses, and that the wise and knowing Confucius had a 600-book library specifically on how to2for roses.The rose is a myth on its own. The story goes3during the Roman Empire, there was an really beautiful lady4Rhodanthe. Her beauty drew many devoted young men5 pursued (追求) her eagerly. Tired by their pursuit, Rhodanthe was forced to get away from the young men and come to the temple of her friend Diana. 6,Diana became jealous. And when the suitors broke down her temple gates to get near to their beloved Rhodanthe, she became angry7Rhodanthe into a rose and her suitors into thorns.Roses are best8for their flowers. Roses are popular garden plants. They are also grown as cut flowers, as one of the most popular and commonly sold florists’ flowers.Roses are also of9value to the perfume industry. An attar of roses is extracted from the flowers.A bunch of red roses is often used10show love. It is used as a Valentine’s Day gift in many countries.[答案] 1.said 2.care 3.that d 5.who/that 6.Unluckily7.turning8.known 9.great10.to[解析] [语篇解读]本文介绍了有关玫瑰的一些常识,人类有史以来钟情于玫瑰本身就是一个传说。

1．Events such as hurricanes, earthquakes, floods, volcanic eruptions, and tornadoes are all natural disasters. They are mostly related to the weather. Some are predictable ----like a hurricane. Some, like an earthquake, surprise us. It is necessary for us to learn about them, so we can be prepared!Flooding happens during heavy rains, when rivers overflow, when ocean waves come onshore, when snow melts too fast or when dams or banks break. Flooding is the most common of all natural disasters.Hurricanes are severe tropical storms that form in the southern Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, and in the Pacific Ocean. Hurricanes gather heat and energy through contact with warm ocean waters. Evaporation from the seawater increases their power.Hurricanes have winds at least 74 miles per hour. When they come onto land, the heavy rain, strong winds and heavy waves can damage buildings, trees and cars.Tornadoes are nature’s most violent storms. To rnadoes must always be taken seriously. Tornadoes can be very dangerous ---- sometimes even deadly. They come from powerful thunderstorms and appear as moving. Tornado winds can reach 300 miles per hour. They cause damage when they land the ground. They can damage an area one mile wide and 50 miles long.While thunder won't hurt you ----lightning will! So it's important to pay attention when you hear thunder. Thunderstorms happen mostly in summer and every thunderstorm has lightning. Lightning can strike people and buildings, which is very dangerous.Thunderstorms affect small areas when compared with hurricanes and winter storms. The typical thunderstorm is 15 miles in diameter and lasts an average of 30 minutes.A volcano is a mountain with a large opening at the top through which melting rock, steam, gases escape from time to time with violent force from inside the earth. When pressure increases, eruptions occur. Gases and rock shoot up through the opening fill the air with small pieces. Eruptions can cause lava flows, hot ash flows, mudslides, falling ash and floods, which is likely to knock down entire forests, cause floods and earthquakes. Fresh volcanic ash can cause damage to the lungs of older people, babies and people with respiratory problems.Terrible Natural Disasters76. Natural disasters 77. Hurricanes 78. Volcanic eruptions 79. Ocean waves 80. Heavy rain 81. Dangerous, even deadly 82. Trees and cars 83. A large area 84. People and buildings 85. Entire forests2．Different countries and different people have different manners . We must find out their customs , so that they will not think us ill-manners . Here are examples of the things that a well- educated person does or does not do .If you visit a Chinese family you should knock at the door first . When the door opens , you will not move before the host says “Come in, please .” After you enter the room , you should not sit down until the host asks you to take a seat . When a cup of tea is put on a tea table before you or sent to your hand , you will say , “Thank you .” And receive it with two hands , not one hand , or they will think you are ill-mannered . Before entering a house in Japan , it is good manners to take off your shoes . In European countries , even though shoes sometimes become very dirty , this is not done . In a Malay house , a guest never finishes the food on the table . He leaves a little to show that he has had enough . In England , a guest always finishes a drink or the food to show that he had enjoyed it . This will make the host , especially the hostess pleasant .76. China 77. with two hands 78. with one hand79. Japan 80. take off 81. take off shoes82. Malaysia 83. leave a little 84. not leave /not 85. England3．In towns ,there were few bus shelters until about thirty years ago .Since then they haveappeared everywhere ,probably because most people no longer wear the kinds of clothes that protect them from the wind ,cold and rain .Country bus shelters have been with us for a good deal longer .Before the Second world War, many of them were paid for by rich local people ,often in memory of a member of their family .Some were well built and very attractive ,to fit in with the surroundings.By the 1870s public lavatories（厕所）were being installed （设置）all over Britain. Many of them , for gentlemen only ,were made of iron ,highly decorated and often in the shape of Indian or Greek temples .A little later ,in the 1880s ,more solid structures of brick or stone were being built ,with rooms for ladies and gentlemen. Some of these looked like cottages or medieval（中世纪）castles.Public drinking fountains are to be found everywhere . Most of them were built in the nineteenth century and some are very grand .The old type of drinking fountain was not very hygienic（卫生的）.It usually had an iron drinking cup ,fixed to a chain ,and everyone used it .Firstly ,they provided people with pure water to drink ,at a time when much of the drinking water available ,especially from wells and pumps ,was dangerous to health .Secondly ,they were memorials to local residents .Finally ,they were intended to persuade people to drink water ,instead of beer or spirits.76．Questions 77．Look like? 78．Bus shelters 79．from bad weather 80．Attractive 81．in the 1870s 82．iron, brick, stone 83．Drinking fountains 84．nineteenth century 85．very grand4．Most Americans have a city they like best. Over the years, American songwriters have described these feelings in music. More songs have been written about America's biggest city, New York, than about any other city. Many others dream about leaving their small towns to go there. They want to become rich and famous. Frank Sinatra sings about this dream in the most popular song written about New York.Almost three-million people live in the middle western city of Chicago, Illinois. It is now America's third largest city. It used to be the second largest city. So, of course, it needed its ownsong. Judy Garland sings the song, "Chicago, Chicago. "One of America's most exciting cities is Las Vegas, Nevada. In nineteen-sixty-four, Elvis Presley starred in a movie called "Viva Las Vegas." Here is the song from that movie. It is sung by the group Z-Z Top.As we all know, one of the most beautiful cities in America is San Francisco, California. The most popular song about the city is called "I Left My Heart in San Francisco." Tony Bennett recorded it in nineteen-sixty-two. It sold more than three-million records.Many people love Los Angeles, California. It is now America's second largest city. Los Angeles is popular because the weather is warm and the sun shines almost all the time. Randy Newman sings about his feelings for the city in the song, "I Love L.A." Not everyone, however, loves Los Angeles. Some people do not like all the big roads around the city. They like living in a smaller place. A place like San Jose, California. Dionne Warwick sings about going back to this city. The song is, "Do You Know The Way To San Jose."76. Cities 77. California 78. Frank Sinatra 79. third largest. 80. Los Angeles81. "I Love L.A”82. beautiful 83. Tony Bennett 84. San Jose 85. Z-Z Top5．“Trick or treat, trick or treat! Give me something good to eat!” It is Halloween! Kids dressed in costumes, neighbors giving out candy! It is just an amazing holiday! This year I decided to be a black cat.The black cat is a sign of bad luck, but is also a sign of Halloween. Halloween began in the Mediaeval-years. A festival was celebrated in Rome and people walked in parades with masks and costumes. The people carved faces into pumpkins and lit them with a candle inside. These were thought of as to ward off all the evil and bad spirits. That is why people sell pumpkins everywhere during the Halloween season. Soon after the name of this festival evolved into what we call present day-Halloween!Every year in New York City, there is a huge parade, there are floats and people walk around in costumes. Some are animal featured, some are scary and spooky like the skeleton and some are funny like the clown. It is very fun!!!Some people have Halloween parties. Stores sell a variety of costumes; the most popular costumes are the witch, the ghost, many from the old movies. Many stores sell decorating accessories(附属品) like fake spider webs, real pumpkins and plastic ghosts. So, if you are a Halloween lover, you can turn your home into a haunted house! That is absolutely cool!76. Black cat 77. Making-ups 78.Ways of perform 79. Halloween parties80. celebrated in Rome 81. a huge parade82. some funny clowns 83.carved pumpkins84. selling pumpkins 85. selling decorating accessories6．New Year traditions all around the world“Happy New Year!” Everyone will greet each other with these words as they meet each other over the next couple of weeks. But it wasn’t always January 1 that marked the New Year.At least 4,000 years ago, the ancient Egyptians and Babylonians marked the changing of the year. In Egypt, the year started when the Nile River flooded, enriching farmers’ fields. This happened at the end of September.The Babylonians held a festival in the spring, on March 23, to kick off the next farming cycle. The Babylonian celebration lasted for 11 days.The date January 1 was picked by the Roman Emperor Julius Caesar as the change of the year when he established his own calendar in 46 BC. The month of January originates from the Roman god, Janus. He is pictured with two heads. One head looks forward and the other back. They represent a break between the old and new. The new calendar was in time with the sun and it has been used until the present day.In Vietnam, the New Year holiday happens in February. They buy fresh flowers and a peach blossom to put in their house, following the Vietnamese custom.Thailand has its specific New Year’s date; it’s different from the normal calendar. The Thai New Year is celebrated on April 13. On this day, Thai people play with water, throwing it on each other. It is intended to bring good luck during the New Year ahead.In China, the more favorable New Year is usually celebrated in February according to lunar calendar (阴历). On New Year’s Eve, all family members sit together at table, enjoying lots of auspicious foods such as dumplings, chicken to bring good luck.76. Egypt 77. Rome 78. Vietnam 79. Dates 80. March 23 81. April 13 82. holding a festival 83. enjoying auspicious food84. enrich farmers’ fields 85. represent a break7．ApolloFor lovers of the arts, Apollo is a truly necessary magazine. Covering the ages and the great civilizations of the world, Apollo brings you well-illustrated yet academic articles by internationally famous scholars, as well as information on exhibitions and sales. Experience five monthly issues for as little as ￡5 each.The Guardian WeeklyThe Guardian Weekly gives you a global view with articles from four of the world’s most respected newspapers. Read the news from different views and draw your own conclusions on the stories shaping our world. Try it for 3 months for just ￡15.55. Plus get a free copy of the Guardian Year 2003.New InternationalistFull of excellent writing and photography, the NI covers one key subject each month, from Terrorism to Poverty to Climate Change. Reporters from around the globe provide you with a comprehensive world view. PLUS: masses of fresh reports and stories to keep you up-to-date on world affairs. 3 months free and free World Map.The WeekThe Week is the only weekly summary giving you the best of the British and foreign newspapers in just 35 pages. Designed to be read in just 1 hour, it provides you with everything you need and want to know. Try The Week now with 13 issues for just ￡13.75. If you decide it’s not for you, just tell us within the first 6 weeks and you can get your money back.London WeeklyLondon Weekly is about the news happening in London this week. It can offer you the latest news. Try it for 3 months just for ￡12.5.76. Subjects 77.arts 78. The Guardian Weekly 79. news 80. weekly summery81. Not mentioned 82. The Week 83.￡13.75 84. London Weekly 85. London news8．Many animal and plant species have become extinct (灭绝的) and many more are in critical danger.DodoThe Dodo is a classic example of how human caused damage to the earth biology. The flightless Dodo was native to the Island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean. The easily controlled bird became a source of food for sailors and was attacked by animals introduced to the island by human such as pigs, monkeys and rats. The population of Dodos rapidly decreased and the last one was killed in 1681.RhinosThe Rhino (犀牛) horn is a highly priced item for Asian medicine. This has led to the animal being hunted in its natural habitat. Once widespread in Africa and Eurasia, most Rhinos now live in protected natural parks and reserves (保护区). Their numbers have rapidly decreased in the last 50 years, and the animals remain under constant threat from poachers (偷猎者).The Giant PandaThe future of the Giant Panda is far from certain. As far as 1000 remain in the wild. The Chinese government has set up 33 panda reserves to protect these beautiful animals. However, the panda’s black and white patched coat fetches a high price on the black market and determined poachers still pose (造成) one of the most serious threats to the animal’s continued existence.WhalesDespite the fact that one-third the world’s oceans have been declared whale sanctuaries (保护区), 7 out of 13 whale species remain endangered. Hunted for their rich supply of oil, their numbers have decreased to just 300. Collisions (碰撞) with ships, poisonous pollution and being caught in fishing nets are other major causes of whale deaths.TigersThe last 100 years has seen a 95% reduction in the numbers of remaining tigers to between 5000 and 7000 and the Bali, Javan, and Caspian tigers are already extinct. The South China tiger is close to disappearing, with only 20 to 30 still alive. Like the Rhino horn, tiger’s bones and organs are sought after for traditional medicines. These items are traded illegally along with tiger skins.76. The Giant Panda 77. Present situation 78. far from certain79. close to disappearing 80. endangered81. Reasons for/ Causes of decreasing 82. attacked by poachers83. threat from poachers 84. highly priced medicine 85. rich oil9．Each year there is an increasing number of cars as millions of new cars are produced in America. Americans will not live without cars! However, some have realized the serious problem of air pollution by cars. It is necessary to find ways to solve the problem of air pollution.One way to clean the air is to build a new kind of clean car. That’s what several of the large car factories are trying to do. But to build a clean car is easier said than done. Progress in this field has been slow.Another way is to take the place of the car engine by something else. Engineers are now working on it. Many makers believe that it will take years to develop a practical model that can please man.To prevent the world being polluted by cars, Americans have to make some changes in the way of their life. They have to cut down on the number of their cars and are encouraged to travel and go to work by bike. But this change does not close down—many workers may find themselves without jobs if a car factory closes down. And the problem of their pollution would become less important than that of unemployment.Americans may live a happy but sad life for a long time because of the car problem.76. Cars 77. Air pollution 78. car engine 79. Cutting down80. by bike 81. Disadvantage 82. slow 83.practical model84. Workers 85. happy but sad10．Chinese are very generous when it comes to educating their children. Not caring about the money, parents often send their children to the best schools or even abroad to England, the US or Australia. They also want their children to take extra-courses activities where they will either learn a musical instrument or ballet, or other classes that will give them a head start in life. The Chinese believe that the more expensive an education is, the better it is. So parents will spend unreasonable amount of money on education. Even poor couples will buy a computer for their son or daughter.However, what most parents fail to see is that the best education they can give their children is usually very cheap.Parents c an see that their children’s skills vary, skilled in some areas while poor in others. What most parents fail to realize though, is that today’s children lack self-respect and self-confidence.The problem is that parents are only educating their children on how to take multiple-choice tests and how to study well, but parents are not teaching them the most important skills they need to be confident, happy and clever.Parents can achieve this by teaching practical skills like cooking , sewing and doing other housework.Teaching a child to cook will improve many of the skills that he will need later in life. Cooking demands patience and time. It is an enjoyable but difficult experience. A good cook always tries to improve his cooking, so he will learn to work hard and gradually finish his jobsuccessfully. His result, a well-cooked dinner, will give him much satisfaction and a lot of confidence.Some old machines, such as a broken radio or TV set that you give your child to play with will make him curious and arouse his interest. He will spend hours looking at them, trying to fix them; your child might become an engineer when he grows up. These activities are not only teaching a child to read a book, but rather to think, to use his mind. And that is more important.76. Educating/ Teaching/ Bring up/ Cultivating/ Promoting 77. Generous/ Serious/ Devoted 78. take extra-course activities 79. investment/ cost/ expense80. Varied/ Different/ Various skills 81. self-respect and self-confidence82. Reasons for/ Causes of 83. take (multiple-choice) tests84. settle/ solve/ work out 85. teaching practical skills11．Two influential thinkers of the twentieth century have died. John Kenneth Galbraith, the economist, died on April twenty-ninth at the age of 97. Jane Jacobs, a defender of cities, died April twenty-fifth at the age of 89.Jane Jacobs believed cities should be densely populated and full of different people and activity. She believed in the value of natural growth. She opposed the kind of city planning thatinvolves big development and renewal projects that tear down old communities.She is best known for her book "The Death and Life of Great American Cities," published in nineteen sixty-one. Another book was "The Nature of Economies." Yet she never finished college. Jane Jacobs was an activist in New York City. Her work defeated a road plan to build a big highway through the Greenwich Village area.She was also against the war in Vietnam. She had sons almost old enough to be called for duty. In nineteen sixty-eight the family moved to Canada. But she remained a community activist. Soon she was fighting a road plan in Toronto.Jane Jacobs was born in the United States but lived and died in Canada. John Kenneth Galbraith was born in Canada but lived and died in the United States.Among his best-known books is "The Affluent Society," from nineteen fifty-eight. He wrote that American society had too many goods but not enough social services that show people care about each other. He warned about widening divisions between the very rich and the very poor. John Kenneth Galbraith believed in the power of government to improve lives. He believed in a system of progressive taxes, and in public support for the arts and government involvement in education. He also supported the idea of public ownership of housing and medical services. Experts say John Kenneth Galbraith and Jane Jacobs led many to question not only how and where they want to live and work. It also led them to wonder what kind of society they wanted to leave for their children.Title: The death of 76 _______________76. Two influential thinkers 77. Names 78. April twenty-ninth 79.Status80. Best-known books 81. The Affluent Society 82.road plan83. about widening divisions 84. the government’s power 85. Comments12．C ountries also use animals as symbols. From eagles to lions, manycountries use an animal to show its national spirit and character.The image of an eagle is on the US President's flag, and on the one-dollar bill. The bald eagle is a large, powerful, brown bird with a white head and tail.The US declared that the eagle was its national bird in 1782. It was chosen because of "its long life, great strength, and noble looks".But, one of the Founding Fathers, Benjamin Franklin didn't agree with the choice. "The bald eagle...is a bird of bad moral character; like those among men who live by robbing" he argued. Franklin wanted the turkey as the country's national bird.If Americans chose their national symbol deliberately(人为地), the symbol of England arose out of history.King Henry I (1068-1135) was a brave warrior but also wise. He was the first English King to use a lion as a royal symbol, which is popularly known as the "king of the jungle". By the year Richard I, known as "The Lion Heart" for his bravery, came to the throne in 1189, the famous Three Lions badge had been formed. Now it can be seen on the shirts of England's sports teams.Everyone knows about the Australian kangaroo. Legend has it that the kangaroo gets its name from an early meeting between local aborigines and white settlers. When asked by the Europeans what these strange-looking animals were, a native replied "kangaroo" meaning, "I don't understand you."The kangaroo is an individualistic animal. Although it does gather in groups, the kangaroo is not a herd animal. If a group is attacked, individuals run off in different directions. Australians think the kangaroo represents positive values, such as individual responsibility and pride.76. National Symbols 77. Lion 78. The US 79. Australia 80. Large 81. Brave 82. Its long life 83. Noble looks 84. Its long history 85. Representing positive values13．Have you ever been frustrated (沮丧的) when left talking to yourself after your mobile phone battery runs out in the middle of a call?If yes, then here comes some good news. Scientists are now perfecting a way to recharge (充电) electrical equipment while on the move.Researchers from the Netherlands, France and Portugal announced last week that they have developed very thin solar panels (太阳能板) that can be put on clothes. They can also be added to furniture and rooftops. They change light from the sun into electricity.In about three years, you'll be able to wear a jacket that will recharge your phone as you walk. For camping fans, the development could lead to a tent which charges batteries all day so you canhave light or music at night.The basic technology of wearable solar panels is the same as that used for conventional (传统的) solar panels. Pairs of sheets of semi-conducting silicon (半导体硅) are linked together to form the panel.But scientists made them much thinner by using different silicon. At one micro-metre, they are the same thickness as photographic film."This technology will make it easier for people to use clean energy sources," said Gerrit Kroesen, a physicist in the Netherlands who led the team of scientists.But the thin panels are not as efficient as the thicker ones. While some solar panels now operate at an efficiency of about 20 per cent, the new flexible (柔韧的) panels are only 7 per cent efficient. But the scientists believe that this is worth accepting for a stronger and more useful panel.But the thinner panel is cheaper. An A4 sized panel put onto the back of a jacket costs less than US$13. It could charge a cellphone during a summer walk in the countryside. As long as you stay within range of the transmitting masts (发射天线) that relay a call to the networks, phones will never again run out of power.76. Recharging solar battery 77. Function 78. Semi-conducting silicon 79. Thinner 80. Flexible 81. Advantages 82. Clothes 83. Furniture 84. Countries of researchers 85. The Netherlands。

江苏高中英语任务型阅读8篇1.Ⅲ.任务型阅读(2014·苏州高三六校联考)We all have relationships. We have acquaintances, relatives, neighbors and probably some friends. However, many of these relationships are simply not satisfying. They lack real strength and depth.I'd like to show you how you can add a significant amount of depth and strength to your relationships and make your social life a lot more meaningful.Meet more people. The quality of the people you meet has a great deal to do with the quantity of the people you meet. If you don't know a lot of people, you won't meet very often people who are a good match with you in terms of personality, interests and values. And since this natural match plays a huge part in building strong relationships, you'll just as seldom have the opportunity to develop strong relationships.Talk about the things that matter to you. A relationship becomes the strongest when two people discover they believe in the same things and have similar interests. It's these commonalities regarding values and interests that create the strongest emotional connection. Talk about the things that truly matter to you and give others a chance to know what you care about and what you believe in. If they believe in the same things and they care about the same things, they'll eagerly let you know. Thus you'll find meaningful common ground and you'll feel more connected.Express weakness. Many people try not to talk about their failures; they hide their shortcomings and they never say anything that could embarrass them. However, by hiding your imperfection, what you do succeed in is appearing cold and impersonal. This makes it very hard for anyone to connect with you emotionally. Humans connect with other humans, not with ideals. Keep this in mind and don't be afraid to let your weakness and your humanity show. This is what takes a relationship to the next level.Have honesty. This is an important quality because if you have honesty, people can trust you. They can trust you to give them an honest feedback, and they can trust you to keep your promises. This trust is one of the central factors of a strong relationship, both in your personal and professional life. So, challenging as it can be sometimes, always try to have honesty.Be there for others. Another central factor of strong relationships is support. Connections between people grow strong if they can rely on each other for support when it's needed, whether that support means a few kind words or several massive actions. Of course, you can't be there for everybody, all the time. Your time, energy and other resources are limited. But what you can do is to identify the really important people in your life and then seek to be there as much as possible, at least for them.With the right attitude and the right behavior, you can strengthen a wide range of relationships in your life and advance them as far as they can be advanced. And with strong relationships, not only do you feel more satisfied, but you feel more connected to the entire world. You feel that your life has real value, you have more fun and you live in the moment.2.Ⅲ.任务型阅读(2014·镇江高三第二学期五校联考)Passion has somehow become a funny thing. At first it's commonly defined as a love you have for something; something you may do during your free time. But today, passion goes beyond that. With people living the seemingly perfect life, passion has become the gateway to freedom, the ability to design and create the lifestyle you wanted. It is the fire that burns inside of you. It makes everything in life feel right and meaningful and it gives you a sense of identity.But people today have some misunderstandings of what passion is.You have to be extremely good at it. How often is it today that you hear of this or that inspiring guy who created a business out of passion or does what he loves every day? It's easy to think that that person is really good at what he does. Absolutely right? Not really. Passion isn't a competition where you keep getting better and then show off to people how great you are. Passion is a feeling. Like love, when it comes to you, you enjoy it and let it flow. It is this feeling that is all you need.It has to be acceptable in the eyes of others. Some people think that passion needs to be acceptable, and it must meet the expectations of others or you may come across as crazy. It also has to be acceptable for the possible future of making a living out of it. Again, no. Passion can be anything you want. As long as you attain that special feeling which makes everything alright in life, it's absolutely okay. Nothing else matters then.It will make you money. Inspiring as it is to hear of people making a full-time income from what they love, the truth is, it's not guaranteed that passion can make money for you. Do you think people would want to pay you ifyour passion is say, sitting in front of the TV eating chips? Doubtful. There is a veritable gap which your passion needs to cross to enter the world where rules of life and society apply. And this gap requires a lot of effort and creative thinking to cross.Passion is simply you. It's your choice to start finding one and holding on to it. It can and will give you that special feeling and raise you to greatness. With a little effort, you can easily find one. And it's something you'll never forget in life.3.Ⅲ.任务型阅读(2014·徐州高三质量检测)The Nature of StressWe are often faced with stressors that are outside of our control, from rare natural disasters to everyday traffic jams. There is a good deal of evidence that uncontrollable events are particularly stressful. This has been shown in studies of “executive rats”，in which two rats receive exactly the same electric shock, but one is given a lever that could be used to turn the shock off after it occurs. Over a long series of such trials, the partner rat, helpless to do anything about its pain, is more likely to develop ulcers (溃疡) than is the “executive”．Stress is mostly caused by uncertain events. Uncertainty about an event makes it more disturbing. One study found that subjects who were told that they had a 5 percent chance of receiving an electric shock were actually more uneasy than those who were told that they had a 50 percent chance.People make various attempts to deal with their stress-removing the cause of the stress, seeking the support of friends or reinterpreting the situation to make it seem less unpleasant. Richard Lazarus and his colleagues have made a useful distinction between problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies (策略). Problem-focused strategies are those aimed at doing something to change the problem causing the stress. Emotion-focused strategies tend to regulate our distressing emotional responses.Psychologists Susan Folkman and Richard Lazarus examined undergraduate students' coping strategies at three time periods —two days before a midterm examination; a week later two days before the grades were announced; and five days after the grades were posted. Before the exam, students tended to use such problem-focused strategies as studying — a guaranteed way to reduce the potential problems. After the exam, when their fates were sealed, if they sought out others, it was usually for emotional support.Like other animals, humans have always been safer in groups. Besides physical protection, people provide emotional support that can reduce the psychological and physiological symptoms of stress. A lack of support can increase our susceptibility to illness. For instance, short-term loneliness is associated with a decrease in immune response. In contrast people who have strong social ties are usually more resistant to disease. For instance, after being diagnosed as having a life threatening disease, married people are likely to survive longer than unmarried people.People may provide appraisal support, helping us to evaluate and clarify how serious a problem is. If a professor tells you that he had also failed his first college algebra exam, the consequences of your failure will seem less devastating. Others can also provide informational support, giving advice about how to deal with the problem. Finally, friends and relatives may give us instrumental support, providing material goods or services to overcome the stress. If your father lends you some money when your car breaks down, you can stop tearing your hair out and just fix it.4.Ⅲ.任务型阅读(2014·南京高三学情调研)We all want to succeed, whether it is in losing weight, learning the guitar, speed reading, or starting our own business. For those of us who have tried and failed, success seems difficult to achieve. Why is it that one person succeeds where another person fails? I believe that successful people have developed certain habits, either naturally or through research, that the rest of us haven't yet. I have made a list of some habits to help you set goals and achieve them.Identify your core valuesWhat is important to you? Finding your core values may seem a bit off-topic when it comes to success, but creating goals that are in line with your values is key to creating motivation. Sit and reflect on what you value most. Pick a handful of things and actually write them down. Remind yourself of your values every day, and reflect on whether you are honoring those values through your work.Pick a goalChoose one goal to start. Something large enough, while agreeing with your core values, that will give you a sense of accomplishment. Focus is key here. The more focused you are on one goal, the higher chance you have of success. If you spread yourself too thin, you might never complete your projects because they will take far too long. Believe me, multitasking cannot make you concentrated.Set a deadlineSet a date for success. Identify when you hope to achieve your goal. Keep it realistic, while not giving yourself too much time. By setting a time limit, you are making the process more real.Build the right mindset (心态)Believe fully in your ability to achieve your goal. Imagine yourself having completed your goal in the exact time-frame you have chosen, although finishing early is also acceptable. You don't need to consider the failures that will happen along the way. Success is sure to come. Others may think you will fail, but don't let yourself be one of them and be positive!Break down goalsKeep the number of tasks per day as low as you can, and focus on completing only your planned tasks for each day. Do the hardest things during your peak energy level, which usually means doing them first! Also keep in mind that completing the hardest task first is a successful way of increasing your productivity. If you put it off until later in the day, your energy level is bound to drop, and finishing the hard task will seem impossible. But, if you start off with the hardest task, when your energy level is high, you will have the focus and energy required to finish it off. By always accomplishing what's most important, you are making clear progress toward your goal.Take risksPush yourself. Go out of your comfort zone. This is the best way to learn, and the best way to make progress quickly. Failure is unavoidable when you take risks, which is what you'll be doing if you want to succeed. Many people tend to give up far too early. A failure is merely you working out the details, and learning what works and what doesn't. Treat failure as a good thing, and march on!I believe these habits are the fundamental building blocks to enjoying any great success in life.How to become successful5.Ⅲ.任务型阅读(2014·无锡普通高中高三月考)By the logic (逻辑) of geography, the continent of Australia should have beenpopulated with Asians. Instead, by an accident of history, Australia has been mainly populated with Westerners.Sadly, no major Australian newspaper or expert commented. This made me aware that Australians are reluctant to face Australia's painful new geopolitical realities.Against this background, the release of the Asian Century White Paper is timely. It should provide a sharp wake-up call to the Australian population that Australia's destiny (命运) is now firmly tied to Asia. Julia Gillard is right in saying, “The transformation of the Asian region into the economic powerhouse of the world is not only unstoppable, it is gathering pace.”One truly impressive part of the paper is the data it provides on Asia's rise. It notes, for example, that “in the past 20 years, China and India have almost tripled (增至三倍) their share of the global economy and increased their economic size almost six times over. By 2025, the region as a whole will account for almost half the world's output.”In t his Asian century, as Western power gets weak steadily, Australia will be left “beached” alone as the only Western country (together with New Zealand) in Asia. Twenty-two million Australians will have to learn to deal with 3.5 billion Asians with great care and sensitivity.Ignorance (无知) about Asia could prove to be fatal (致命的) for Australia's long-term future. This is why the report is right in focusing on Australian misunderstanding of Asia.Sadly, this kind of terrible ignorance may be a result of Australian education. The report says, “Only a small proportion of Year 12 students study anything about Asia in the subjects of history, literature, geography, economics, politics and the arts under existing state-based curriculums.”Worse, only 5 percent of each Australian groups study any kind of Asian language.Learning Asian languages would open windows to Asian cultural and political sensitivities. The time for Australians to think deeply about their Asian destiny has arrived. The sooner Australia adjusts to its new Asian destiny, the less painful the adjustment will prove to be.6.Ⅲ.任务型读写(2014·安庆高三模拟)Knowing how to learn is an important step to be a successful learner, and if you know how to learn, you are ahead of the game.When it comes to learning, people can be divided into three main types: visual learners, auditory (听觉的) learners and physical learners. If you seem to easily gain information from pictures, graphs, and videos, you are likely a visual learner. If you seem to remember things by hearing them, whether you listen to a lecture or repeat information out aloud, then you are likely an auditory learner. If you seem to learn best by working with your hands or testing out what you are shown, you are likely a physical learner.So now the trick is to find out how to use your newly-found knowledge to help you in your classes. For visual learners, take notes by drawing graphs and connecting ideas instead of just copying down a list. Download the notes or presentations if your professor makes them available. This way, you can go back over them before an exam and quickly reread to gain the information. For auditory learners, if you think you can obtain permission from the professor, you can record the lecture for future listening. If you find taking notes distracts (分散注意力) you from listening, ask a friend if you can borrow his notes after the lecture and write down everything you remember. One method that can help physical learners is to take notes either by writing or typing in order to actively deal with the information as you receive it. If possible, translate the information into examples, which can help physical learners obtain what they need to know.Thinking out just which type of learner you are is important, because it will be the first step towards becoming great at studying. But, no matter which type you fall into, there are easy ways to make use of what's around you.7.Ⅲ.任务型阅读(2014·苏北三市调研)Self-Regulated LearningToday, people change jobs an average of seven times before they retire. Many of these career changes require new learning that must be self-initiated and self-directed. Thus, one goal of teaching is to free students from the need for teachers, so they can continue to learn independently throughout their lives. That is, to make them self-regulated learners. Self-regulated learners have a combination of academic learning skills and self-control that makes learning easier.What influences self-regulated learning？Knowledge, motivation and will-power combine to influence self-regulated learning.First of all, self-regulated learners have knowledge about themselves. For example, they know their preferred learning styles: what their interests and talents are: and how to take advantage of their strengths. These experts also know quite a bit about the subject being studied — and the more they know, the easier it is to learn more. They understand different learning tasks require different approaches. Further, they have mastered adequate learning strategies and tactics. For example, they know how and when to skim and how and when to read for deep understanding.Self-regulated learners are motivated by learning itself. They find many tasks in school interesting because they value learning, not just performing well in the eyes of others. However, knowledge and motivation are not always enough. Self-regulated learners need will-power. They won't give up easily. They know how to protect themselves from distractions — for example, what to do when attracted to stop working and have a cup of coffee.A model of self-regulated learning. Phi Winne and Allyson Hadwin put forward a 4-stage model.1. Analyzing the learning task. Learners examine whatever information they think is relevant in order to construct a sense of what the task is about, what resources are available, and how they feel about the work to be done.2. Setting goals and devising plans. What goals for studying might you set for a quiz covering only one chapterthat counts just 3% toward your grade? Would your goals change if the test covered the last six chapters and counted 30% toward your course grade? Your goal in turn affects the shape of your plans for how to study. Is cramming (突击学习) the best approach? Is it a better plan to study a half-hour each day?3. Enacting tactics and strategies to accomplish the task. Learners put their tactics and strategies into practice and monitor how well the plan is working. Are you reaching your goals? Is your progress rate fast enough to be prepared for the test?4. Regulating learning. Learners have to decide whether changes are needed in any of the three preceding stages. For example, if learning is slow: Do you need to review some prior material that provides foundations for the content you are now studying?Teaching toward self-regulated learning. To develop students' self-regulated learning ability, teachers should let students take an active part in finishing complex meaningful tasks; provide them control over their learning processes and products; involve students in setting criteria for evaluating their learning processes and products, then give them opportunities to make judgments about their progress using those standards.Title: Self-Regulated Learning8.Ⅲ.任务型阅读(2014·泰州高三模拟)Job stress hits studentsAs the job-hunting season kicks off, many graduates are suffering from anxiety. Job interview results are becoming the most common conversation topic in dormitories. Worried about not getting satisfactory offers, some students have sleep problems, or lose their appetite. Some might even display symptoms of depression.According to a survey across several universities in Wuhan conducted by Wuhan Yangtze Business University, over 72 percent of student participants were worried about finding a job. Students in the first one or two years were also uneasy about their job prospects, which contributed to spreading anxiety further.Lang Lei, 22, a business major from Renmin University in Beijing, admitted having mood swings when job hunting. The student hoped to get positions with large state-owned enterprises in his hometown of Yantai, Shandong. But when it turned out that things wouldn't be so easy, Lang became concerned. After some strugglingmoments, he has now changed to more realistic goals.Others feel tortured (受折磨) while waiting for interview results. Mo Tong, a senior software engineering major at South China Normal University, would fall into a nervous state every time after he attended a job interview.“For a day or two I couldn't help but keep thinking about how I performed in front of the interviewers, how well I dealt with their questions, and whether they would consider giving me a chance in the end，”Mo was unable to focus on other things as his anxiety grew.Media reports about rising unemployment rates and a difficult job market have touched students' nerves.“I'm alarmed by articles saying how bachelor's degree holders are losing ground，” said Wang Hongjuan, a sophomore English major from Putian University in Fujian Province. “It suggests to me that good jobs are only available to graduate or doctoral student s.”As Wang has no plans to further her education, she has to commit herself to all sorts of extracurricular activities to improve her prospects. This throws her into a packed schedule.Wen Fang, a well-known education psychology expert and consultant in Beijing, advises students not to be misled by depressing surveys and reports about the job market. “Unemployment rates are not linked to an individual's chances of getting a job，”he said. “An individual's chances are actually mainly determined b y his or her capability.”According to Wen, a moderate degree of anxiety is normal — it can even be helpful. But if it constantly affects a student's normal life, one should pay more attention. “Focus on adapting yourself to the needs of society, and never ever overestimate your goals，” Wen added.答案：1.Ⅲ.(1)unsatisfying(2)affects/influences(3)important(4)hide(5)hard(6)honest (7)professional(8)Support(9)Conclusion(10)satisfaction2.Ⅲ.(1)Definitions(2)free(3)burning(4)misunderstandings(5)competition(6)accept (7)if(8)certain(9)creatively(10)easy3.Ⅲ.(1)What(2)controlled(3)uncertain(4)Turn(5)handle(6)which/that(7)lonely (8)emotionally/mentally(9)helps(10)over4.Ⅲ.(1)motivated(2)attention/concentration(3)Setting(4)time/day/date/deadline(5)Trust(6)positive/optimistic(7)energetic(8)first(9)stick(10)leads/contributes5.Ⅲ.(1)time(2)Background(3)Geographically(4)realities(5)destiny(6)become(7)Data(8)education(9)focus/concentrate(10)taught6.Ⅲ.(1)Learners(2)Importance/Significance(3)repeating(4)practice/experiences/experience(5)available(6)Record(7)notes(8)actively/positively(9)matters/counts(10)advantage7.Ⅲ.(1)depend/rely/count(2)combine(3)influence/affect/impact(4)approaches(5)attention/minds(6)relevant(7)base(8)change/adjustment(9)How/Ways/Methods(10)actively8.Ⅲ.(1)situation(2)anxious/worried(3)talk(4)depressed(5)majors(6)finally/eventually (7)growing/increasing(8)advantage(s)/edge(9)determines/decides(10)adapt/adjust。

南京市高考英语阅读理解试题(含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解A society that lives by the plastic fork may very well die from it. That's how things are looking. Anyway, for a world so used to disposable(一次性的) habits, any hope for a solution(解决方案) also increasingly seems to be buried.Sure, there have been some hopeful ideas. Boyan Slat, the Dutch inventor developed a plan for Covering the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. Not long after it started, Slat's system experienced "material fatigue(疲劳)"-likely the result of being strained(使受到压力) by all that trash-and the task was delayed.All the while, the plastic increases. Its growth is very fast, according to Linda Wang, a professor of chemical engineering at Purdue University. She says, "We'll have more plastic than fish by 2050." Yet Wang, along with other researchers at Purdue, may have a solution not only to this plastic problem, but also to the growing need for clean energy. Her team has developed a system that turns waste, a durable, lightweight material that accounts for about a quarter of all plastic waste, into a highly pure form of gasoline.Publishing their findings in the journal Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering, the scientists' state that instead of making plastic go away, they can break it down and reuse it, using chemistry to destroy what chemistry brought to the world when plastic was developed back in 1907.The process uses "supercritical" water-heated to around 450 degrees Celsius (842 degrees Fahrenheit),beyond the key point at which distinct liquid and vapor phases(气液态) exist-to boil plastic waste into an oil, the researchers explain. It takes a couple of hours for the supercritical water to complete the transformation, but the result is a kind of oil that can be used as gasoline or fuel. It can also be turned into other products.The researchers have only made the transformation in a laboratory setting so far, but they suggest turning the process to a commercial scale(规模) may not be far off. And considering the 300 million tons of plastic into the environment every year, that day can't come soon enough. But it will come in time.（1）Why is the plastic fork mentioned in paragraph 1?A. To indicate the hopeless future of human life.B. To figure out the solution to reducing plastics.C. To show the seriousness of the plastic problem.D. To tell people to give up an unhealthy lifestyle.（2）What can we know about Slat's system?A. It proves harmful to the Pacific.B. It has been abandoned completely.C. It has received many people's opposition.D. It met with difficulty while being carried out.（3）What is the advantage of Wang's system?A. It can save fish in the ocean.B. It can recycle and reuse plastic.C. It can surely lower the prices of gas and fuel.D. It can make plastic products more affordable.（4）What is the author's attitude towards Wang's system?A. Hopeful.B. Disapproving.C. Cautious.D. Uncertain.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了Linda Wang的新系统，它可以回收利用塑料。

苏州市2022高考英语阅读理解、完形填空及阅读类练习（15）（解析及解析）Words：395难度系数：★★建议用时：7分钟The United States government wants to know what the public thinks about its findings on the safety of cloned animals.The Food and Drug Administration says meat and milk from clones of adult cattle，pigs and goats are safe to eat.An FDA official called the m “as safe to eat as the food we eat every day.”And when those clon es reproduce sexually，the agency says，their offspring (后代) are safe to eat as well.But research on cloned sheep is limited.So the FDA proposes that sheep clones not be used for hu man food.The United States this year could become the first country to agree t o the sale of foods from cloned animals.First，however，the public will h ave ninety days to comment on three suggested documents.On December 28th the FDA released a long report，called a draft risk assessment，alon g with two policy documents.The agency says it must receive comments by April second.The FDA seemed ready to act several years ago，but a committee called for more research.For now，the government will continue to ask producers to honor a r equest that they not sell foods from cloned animals.Clones are still rare.They cost a lot and are difficult to produce.The FDA says most food from cloning is expected to come not from clones themselves，but from their sexually reproduced offspring.It says cl ones are expected to be used mostly as breeding animals to spread good qualities.Public opinion studies show most Americans do not like the idea of food from cloned animals.But this research also shows the public knows l ittle about cloning.Cloning differs from genetic engineering.A cell taken from a so­call ed donor animal is grown into an embryo (胚胎) in the laboratory.Next，t he embryo(胚胎) is placed into the uterus (子宫) of a female animal.If th e process is successful，the pregnancy reaches full term and a genetic cop y of the donor animal is born.4．What’s the main purpose of the passage?A．To tell an interesting story.B．To give some advice on foods.C．To give a report.D．To compare different opinions.解析：选C。

高考英语高难度阅读理解15篇1.Almost every day we come across situations in which we have to make decisions one way or another. Choice, we are given to believe, is a right. But for a good many people in the world. In rich and poor countries, choice is a luxury, something wonderful but hard to get, not a right. And for those who think they are exercising their right to make choices, the whole system is merely an illusion, a false idea created by companies and advertiser, hoping to sell their products.The endless choice gives birth to anxiety in people’s lives. Buying something as basic as a coffee pot is not exactly simple. Easy access to a wide range of everyday goods leads to a sense of powerlessness in many people, ending in the shopper giving up and walking away, or just buying an unsuitable item(商品) that is not really wanted. Recent studies in England have shown that many electrical goods bought in almost every family are not really needed. More difficult decision-making is then either avoided or trusted into the hands of the professionals, lifestyle instructors, or advisors.It is not just the availability of the goods that is the problem, but the speed with which new types of products come on the market. Advances in design and production help quicken the process Products also need to have a short lifespan so that the public can be persuaded to replace them within a short time. The typical example is computers, which are almost out-of-date once they are bought. This indeed makes selection a problem. Gone are the days when one could just walk with case into a shop and buy one thing; no choice, no anxiety.72. What does the author try to argue in Paragraph 1?A. The exercise of rights is a luxury.B. The practice of choice is difficult.C. The right of choice is given but at a price.D. Choice and right exist at the same time.73. Why do more choices of goods give rise to anxiety?A. Professionals find it hard to decide on a suitable product.B. People are likely to find themselves overcome by business persuasion.C. Shoppers may find themselves lost in the broad range of items.D. Companies and advertisers are often misleading about the rage of choice.74. By using computers as an example, the author wants to prove that .A. advanced products meet the needs of peopleB. products of the latest design fold the marketC. competitions are fierce in high-tech industryD. everyday goods need to be replaced often75. What is this passage mainly about?A. The variety of choices in modern society.B. The op inions on people’s right in different countriesC. The Problems about the availability of everyday goods.D. The helplessness in purchasing decisions2.I arrived at my mother’s home for our Monday family dinner. The smells of food flew over from the kitchen. Mother was pulling out quilt(被子)after quilt from the boxes, proudly showing me their beauties. She was preparing for a quilt show at the Elmhurst Church. When we began to fold and put them back into the boxes, I noticed something at the bottom of one box. I pulled it out. “What is this?” I asked.“Oh?” Mom said, “That’s Mama’s quilt.”I spread the quilt. It looked at if a group of school children had pieced it together; irregular designs, childish pictures, a crooked line on the right.“Grandmother made this?” I said, surprised. My grandmother was a master at making quilts. This certainly didn’t look like any of the quilts she had made.“Yes, right before she died. I brought it home with me last year and made some changes,” she said. “I’m still working on it. See, this is what I’ve done so far.”I looked at it more closely. She had made straight a crooked line. At the center of the quilt, she had stitched(缝) a piece of cloth with these words: “My mother made many quilts. She didn’t get all lines st raight. But I think this is beautiful. I want to see it finished. Her last quilt.”“Ooh, this is so nice, Mom,” I said. It occurred to me that by completing my grandmother’s quilt, my mother was honoring her own mother. I realized, too, that I held in my hands a family treasure. It started with the loving hands of one woman, and continued with the loving hands of another.56. Why did the author go to mother’s home?A. To see her mother’s quilts.B. To help prepare for a show.C. To get together for the family dinner.D. To discuss her grandmother’s life.57. The author was surprised because .A. the quilt looked very strange.B. her grandmother liked the quilt.C. the quilt was the best she had seen.D. her mother had made some changes58. The underlined wood “crooked” in the passage most probably means .A. unfinishedB. brokenC. bentD. unusual59. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. A Quilt ShowB. Mother’s HomeC. A Monday DinnerD. Grandmother’s Quilt3. While all my classmates seen to be crazy about a one-way ticket to Mars(火星), I’d rather say Mars is totally unsuitab le for human existence. People won’t have enough food supplies there, and the terrible environment would make it impossible for them to live a long life. Besides, the journey won’t be safe. Can anybody explain to me just why people would go to Mars, never to return?Steve Minear, UKHere are the things you can think of: the desire to explore a foreign and unique environment, the excitement of being the first humans to open up a new world, the expectation of fame and glory…For scientists there is another rea son. Their observations and research will probably lead to great scientific achievements.Donal Trollop, CanadaThere are already too many people on the Earth. I think that sometime before the end of the century, there will be a human colony(殖民地)on Mars. It will happen when people finally realize that tow-way trips to the red planet Mars are unnecessary. Most of the danger of space Flight is in the launches(发射) and landings. Cutting the trip home would therefore reduce the danger of accidents, save a lot of money, and open the way to building an everlasting human settlement on another world.Enough supplies can be sent on ahead. And every two years more supplies and more people will needs, and Mars is far more pleasant than the other planets in the outer space.Paul Davies. USA60. The main purpose of Steve Minear’s writing is .A. to report his classmates’ discussionB. to invite an answer to his questionC. to explain the natural state of MarsD. to show his agreement on going to Mars61. Wh ich of the following best states Donal Trollop’s idea?A. There is a plan to send humans to Mars.B. There are many reasons for going to Mars.C. Scientists become famous by doing research on Mars.D. It is possible to build an Earth-like environment on Mars.62. Paul Davies points out that .A. humans need only a one-way ticket to Mars.B. two-way trips to Mars will be made safe soonC. it is easy to reduce the danger and cost of flights to MarsD. it is cheap to build an everlasting human settlement on Mars63. What does Paul Davies think of human existence on Mars?A. Humans will have to bring all they need from the Earth.B. Humans will find Mars totally unsuitable for living.C. Humans can produce everything they need.D. Humans can live longer in the colony on Mars.4.Celebrity(名人) has become one of the most important representatives of popular culture. Fans used to be crazy about s specific film, but now the public tends to base its consumption（消费）on the interest of celebrity attached to any given product. Besides, fashion magazines have almost abandoned the practice of putting models on the cover because they don’t sell nearly as well as famous faces. As a result, celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerful market potential, moving from advertising for others’ products to developing their own.Celebrity clothing lines aren’t a completely new phenomenon, but in the past they were typically aimed at the ordinary consumers, and limited to a few TV actresses. T oday they’re started by first-class stars whose products enjoy equal fame with some world top brands. The most successful start-ups have been those by celebrities with specific personal style. As celebrities become more and more experienced at the market, they expand their production scale rapidly, covering almost all the products of daily life.However, for every success story, there’s a related warning tale of a celebrity who overvalued his consumer appeal. No matter haw famous the product’s origins is, if it fails to impress consumers with its own qualities it begins to resemble an exercise in self-promotional marketing. And once the initial（最初的）attention dies down, consumer interest might fade, loyalty (忠诚) returning to tried-and-true labels.Today, celebrities face ever more severe embarrassment. The pop-cultural circle might be bigger than ever, but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well. Each misstep threatens to reduce a celebrity’s shelf life, and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears. Still, the ego’s （自我的）potential for expansion is limitless. Having already achieved great wealth and public recognition, many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to be conquered. As the saying goes, success and failure always go hand in hand. Their success as designers might last only a short time, but fashion-like celebrity – has always been temporary.69. Fashion magazines today ________.A. seldom put models on the coverB. no longer put models on the coverC. need not worry about celebrities’ market potentialD. judge the market potential of every celebrity correctly70. A change in the consumer market can be found today that _______.A. price rather than brand name is more concernedB. producers prefer models to celebrities for achievementsC. producers prefer TV actresses to film stars for advertisementsD. quality rather than the outside of products is more concerned71. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 indicates that any wrong step will possibly ______.A. decrease the popularity of a celebrity and the sales of his productsB. damage the image of a celebrity in the eyes of the general publicC. cut short the artistic careen of a celebrity in show businessD. influence the price of a celebrity’s products72. The passage is mainly about _______.A. celebrity and personal styleB. celebrity and market potentialC. celebrity and fashion designD. celebrity and clothing industry5.We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively（被动地）. We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning.We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers ormagazines is passive. Conditioned as we are to passive learning, it’s not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers.Unfortunately, passive learning has a serious problem. It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay and rumor(谣言).Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesn’t show it to anyone. Then the person whispers it, word for word, to another person. That person, in turn, whispers it to still another, and so on, through all the people playing the game. The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it. Then the two written statements are compared. Typically, the original message has changed.That’s what happens in daily life. The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story. Then, too, most people listen imperfectly. And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story, trying to improve on it, stamping（打上标记）it with their own personal style. Yet those who hear it think they know.This process is also found among scholars and authors: A statement of opinion by one writer may be re-stated as fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue, unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts.48. According to the passage, passive learning may occur in _______.A. doing a medical experimentB. solving a math problemC. visiting an exhibitionD. doing scientific reasoning49. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to _____.A. active learningB. knowledgeC. communicationD. passive learning50. The author mentions the game Rumor to show that _____.A. a message may be changed when being passed onB. a message should be delivered in different waysC. people may have problems with their sense of hearingD. people tend not to believe in what they know as rumor51. What can we infer from the passage?A. Active learning is less important.B. Passive learning may not be reliable.C. Active learning occurs more frequently.D. Passive learning is not found among scholars.6. The literal meaning of philosophy is “love of wisdom”. But this meaning does not tell us very much. Unlike the other disciplines（学科）, philosophy cannot e defined by what you study ,because it is actually unlimited. Anything can be the subject matter of philosophy: are, history, law, language, literature, mathematics, and in fact, the other academic disciplines are directly related to philosophy. For this reason you get a Doctorate（博士学位）of Philosophy (Ph. D.) in biochemistry, or computer science, or psychology.Two broad sub-fields of philosophy are logic and the history of philosophy. Logic is the science of argument and eritical thinking. It provides sound methods for distinguishing good from bad reasoning .The history of philosophy involves the study of major philosophers and persuade in the development of philosophy.Of what use is philosophy? First it is useful in educational advancement. It is necessary for understanding other disciplines. Only philosophy questions the nature of the concepts used in a discipline, and its relating to other discomposes. And thought the study of philosophy, one develops sound methods of research and analysis that can be applied to any field.There are a number of general uses of philosophy. It strengthens one’s ability to solve problems, to communicate, to organize ideas and issues, to persuade, and to take what is the most important form a large quality of data. These general uses are of great benefit in the career field, not necessarily for obtaining one’s first job after graduation, but for preparing for positions of responsibility, management and leadership later on. It is very short site after all, to take a course of studies only for the purpose of getting one’s first job. The useful skills developed thought the study of philosophy have significant long-term benefits in career advancement. No other discipline systematically follows the ideals of wisdom, leadership, and capacity to resolve human conflict.72. Accprdomg to Paragraph 1. Philosophy can best be described as the study of .A. social sciencesB. natural sciencesC. both social and natural sciencesD. the subject matter of politics73. With the study of philosophy, you can .A. become a great leaderB. succeed in everythingC. find a good job soon after graduationD. make progress in your career development74. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Philosophy is an independent discipline.B. Logic helps you to become a better thinker.C. The study of philosophy brings you immediate benefits.D. The meaning of philosophy is too limited to define.75.From the passage, we can concludeA. not all the subjects have to do with philosophyB. a person will get a Ph. D. if he/she studies philosophyC. philosophy can be helpful for the study of any other subjectsD. philosophy is the only solution to all the problems the world7.Many animals recognize their food because they see it. So do humans. When you see an apple or a piece of chocolate you know that these are things you can eat. You can also use other senses when you choose your food. You may like it because it smells good or because it tastes good. You may dislike some types of food because they do not look, smell or taste very nice. Different animals use different senses to find and choose their food. A few animals depend on only one of their senses, while most animals use more than one sense.Although there are many different types of food, some animals spend their lives eating only one type. The giant panda（大熊猫）eats only one particular type of bamboo（竹子）. Other animals eat only one type of food even when given the choice. A kind of white butterfly（蝴蝶）will stay on the leaves of a cabbage, even though there are plenty of other vegetables in the garden. However, most animals have a more varied diet（多样化饮食）. The bear eats fruits and fish. The fox eats small animals, birds and fruits. The diet of these animals will be different depending on the season. Humans have a very varied diet. We often eat food because we like it and not because it is good for us. In countries such as France and Britain, people eat foods with too much sugar. This makes them overweight, which is bad for their health. Eating too much red meat and animal products, such as butter, can also be bad for the health. Choosing the right food, therefore, has become an area of study in modern life.60. We can infer from the text that humans and animals _________.A. depend on one sense in choosing foodB. are not satisfied with their foodC. choose food in similar waysD. eat entirely different food61. Which of the following eats only one type of food?A. The white butterfly.B. The small bird.C. The bear.D. The fox.62. Certain animals change their choice of food when ___________.A. the season changesB. the food color changesC. they move to different placesD. they are attracted by different smells63. We can learn from the last paragraph that __________.A. food is chosen for a good reasonB. French and British food is goodC. some people have few choices of foodD. some people care little about healthy diet8.The flag, the most common symbol（象征）of a nation in the modern world, is also one of the most ancient. With a clear symbolic meaning. the flag in the traditional form is still used today to mark buildings, ships and other vehicles related to a country.The national flag as we know it today is in no way a primitive（原始的）artifact. It is , rather, the product of thousands of years’ development. Historians believe that it had two major ancestors, of which the earlier served to show wind direction.Early human beings used very fragile houses and boats. Often strong winds would tear roofs from houses or cause high waves that endangered travelers. People’s food supplies were similarly vulnerable. Even after they had learned how to plant grains, they still needed help from nature to ensure good harvests. Therefore they feared and depended on the power of the wind, which could bring warmth from one direction and cold from another.Using a simple piece of cloth tied to the top of a post to tell the direction of the wind was more dependable than earlier methods, such as watching the rising of smoke from a fire. The connectionof the flag with heavenly power was therefore reasonable. Early human societies began to fix long pieces of cloth to the tops of totems(图腾) before carrying them into battle. They believed that the power of the wind would be added to the good wishes of the gods and ancestors represented by the totems themselves.These flags developed very slowly into modern flags. The first known flag of a nation or a ruler was unmarked: The king of China around 1000 B.C. was known to have a white flag carried ahead of him. This practice might have been learned from Egyptians even further in the past, but it was from China that it spread over trade routs through India, then across Arab lands, and finally to Europe, where it met up with the other ancestor of the national flag.71．The best title for the passage would be .A．Development of the National Flag.B．Power of the National Flag.C．Types of FlagsD．Uses of Flags72．The underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 means .A．impossible to make sure ofB．likely to be protectedC．easy to damageD．difficult to find73．The earliest flags were connected with heavenly power because .A．they could tell wind directionB．they could bring good luck to fightersC．they were handed down by the ancestorsD．they were believed to stand for natural forces74．What does the author know of the first national flag?A．He knows when it was sent to Europe.B．He believes it was made in Egypt.C．He thinks it came from China.D．He doubts where it started.75．What will the author most probably talk about next?A．The role of China in the spread of the national flag.B．The second ancestor of the national flagC．The use of modern flags in Europe.D．The importance of modern flags.9.PITTSBURGH –For most people, snakes seem unpleasant or even threatening. But Howie Choset sees in their delicate movements a way to save lives.The 37-year-old Carnegie Mellon University professor has spent years developing snake-like robots he hopes will eventually slide through fallen buildings in search of victims trapped after natural disasters or other emergencies.Dan Kara is president of Robotics Trends, a Northboro, Mass.-based company that publishes an online industry magazine and runs robotics trade shows. He said there are other snake-like robots being developed, mainly at universiti es, but didn’t know of one that could climb pipes.The Carnegie Mellon machines are designed to carry cameras and electronic sensors and can be controlled with a joystick(操纵杆). They move smoothly with the help of small electric motors, or servos, commonly used by hobbyists in model airplanes.Built from lightweight materials, the robots are about the size of a human arm or smaller. They can sense which way is up, but are only as good as their human operators, Choset added.Sam Stover, a search term manager with the Federal Emergency Management Agency based in Indiana, said snake-type robots would offer greater mobility than equipment currently available, such as cameras attached to extendable roles.“It just allows us to do something we’ve been able to do before,” Stover said, “We needed them yesterday.”He said sniffer dogs are still the best search tool for rescue workers, but that they can only be used effectively when workers have access to damaged building.Stover, among the rescue workers who handled the aftermath (后果) of Hurricane Katrina, said snake robots would have helped rescuers search flooded houses in that disaster.Choset said the robots may not be ready for use for another five to ten years, depending on funding.72. Which institution is respon sible for the development of Choset’s robots?A. Robotics Trends.B. Pittsburgh City Council.C. Carnegie Mellon University.D. Federal Emergency Management Agency.73. Choset believes that his invention ______.A. can be attached to an electronic armB. can be used by hobbyists in model airplanesC. can find victims more quickly than a sniffer dogD. can sense its way no better than its operators74. By saying “We needed them yesterday” (paragraph 7), Stover means that snake-like robots _____.A. could help handle the aftermath of Hurricane KatrinaB. would have been put to use in past rescue workC. helped rescuers search flooded houses yesterdayD. were in greater need yesterday than today75. What is the text mainly about?A. Snake-like robots used in industries.B. Snake-like robots made to aid in rescues.C. The development of snake-like robots.D. The working principles of snake-like robots.10.Attitude is an internal(内在的) state that influences the choices of personal action made by the individual(个人). Some researchers consider that attitudes come from differences between beliefs and ideas: others believe that attitudes come from emotional states. Here, we focus on the effects of attitudes upon behavior, that is, upon the choices of action made by the individual.The kinds of actions taken by human beings are obviously influenced greatly by attitudes. Whether one listens to classical music or rock, whether one obeys the speed limit while driving, whether one encourages one’s husband or wife to express his or her own ideas－all are influenced by attitudes. These internal states are acquired(获得) throughout life from situations one is faced with in the home, in the streets, and in the school.Of course, the course of action chosen by an individual in any situation will be largely determined by the particulars of that situation. An individual who has a strong attitude of obeying laws may drive too fast when he is in a hurry and no police cars in sight. A child who has a strong attitude of honesty may steal a penny when she thinks no one will notice. But the internal state which remains unchanged over a period of time, and which makes the individual behave regularly in a variety of situations, is what is meant by an attitude.Attitudes are learned in a variety of ways. They can result from single incidents, as when an attitude toward snakes is acquired by an experience in childhood at the sudden movement of a snake. They can resu lt from the individual’s experiences of success and pleasure, as when someone acquires a positive attitude toward doing crossword puzzles by being able to complete some of them, And frequently, they are learned by copying other people’s able to complete so me of them, And frequently, they are learned by copying other people’s behavior, as when a child learns how to behave toward foreigners by observing the actions of his parents. Regardless of these differences, there is something in common in the learning and modification(修正) of attitudes. 52．According to the passage, attitudes __________.A．come from different situations in one’s lifeB．are largely affected by one’s behaviorC．remain unchanged in one’s daily lifeD．could be chosen according to one’s will53．The author uses the examples in Paragraph 3 to show ______.A．people often make mistakes when they are not noticedB．people with good attitudes may sometimes do bad deedsC．particulars of a si tuation may influence an individual’s actionD．an individual may change his or her attitude fairly easily54．Which of the following is TURE about the learning of attitudes?A．Attitudes are only learned through one’s success.B．Attitudes learned in danger will last longer.C．Copying others’ behavior is not a good idea.D．Attitudes can be learned from one’s parents.55．What would be the best title for the passage?A．Differences of Attitudes.B．Nature of Attitude.C．Choices of Attitudes.D．Modification of Attitude.11. Susan Sontag (1933 -- 2004) was one of the most noticeable figures in the world of literature. For more than 40 years she made it morally necessary to know everything -- to read every book worth reading, to see every movie worth seeing. When she was still in her early 30s, publishing essays in such important magazines as Partisan Review, she appeared as the symbol of American cultural life, trying hard to follow every new development in literature, film and art. With great effort and serious judgment, Sontag walked at the latest edges of world culture.Seriousness was one of Sontag's lifelong watchwords (格言), but at a time when the barriers between the well-educated and the poor-educated were obvious, she argued for a true openness to the pleasures of pop culture. In "Notes on Camp", the 1964 essay that first made her name, she explained what was then a little-known set of difficult understandings, through which she could not have been more famous. "Notes on Camp", she wrote, represents "a victory of 'form' over 'content', 'beauty' over 'morals'".By conviction (信念) she was a sensualist (感觉论者), but by nature she was a moralist (伦理学者), and in the works she published in the 1970s and 1980s, it was the latter side of her that came。