lesson five discovering the chemical nature of the gene

Unit5 Discovering Useful Structures 基础考点巩固练Ⅰ.单词拼写1. [湖北卷改编]Science has a lot of uses. It can uncover laws of naturec diseases，make bombs，and help bridges to stand.2.The reason why he made such kind of mistakes is that he has had no_________（先前的）experience of this kind of work.3.Businesses are beginning to feel the full i of the recession（经济衰退）.4.Teamwork is required in order to achieve these a .5.After John was elected chairman，he began to concentrate on helping the______（失业的）.6.As a poet，Li Bai wrote many________（浪漫的）poems to which people usually attach positive and hopeful meanings.7.He is the only one of the engineers__________（能够）of designing such a grand （宏伟的）project.8.[全国卷Ⅱ改编]Whatever it is，make sure it’s a r from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1.[2019 •北京卷改编]Taking advantage of the new technologies, scammer can aim _________victims precisely.2. They made full investigations previous to_________(reach) a conclusion.3.[全国卷I改编]It was ________ relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle of the road.4. The Japanese character for “tea” is written exactly the same as it is in Chinese，though ________(pronounce) slightly differently.5._________(attract) by interesting topics, you are free to get involved in the weekly discussion.6._________(give) another chance, I am sure I will do the job much better.7. ________(punish) for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.8. When_________(off er) help, one often says “Thank you” or“It is kind of you”.9.[江苏卷改编]___________(locate) where the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.10. The test_________(finish), we began our summer holiday.III.单句写作1.[全国卷ID改编]I don’t want to ____________________(太过专心致志于)modeling. It is certainly fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. (absorb)2. Music can send many messages that______________________（对......有影响）how people act. (impact).3. This activity________________________(旨在)improving the students’listening and speaking abilities. (aim)4. [2018 •江苏卷改编]________________(离开家时)，Raynor and Moth had just £320 in the bank.(时间状语从句的省略）5. Love is a beautiful song，_______________(带给我们）wild joy and happiness.(现在分词作伴随状语）参考答案：Ⅰ.单词拼写1. cure2. previous3. impact4. aims5. unemployed6. romantic7. capable8. reliefⅡ.单句语法填空1.at【解析】句意：利用这些新技术，骗子可以精确地瞄准受害者。

Unit5 Discovering Useful Structures and Listening and Talking词句-情景破知识点1 absorbed in被……吸引住；专心致志；全神贯注情景导学1.When he ________ ________ ________ his world of music, he felt as if he could “see” the beauty of the world around him like he had in his previous life.（教材P54）当他沉浸在他的音乐世界时，他觉得他仿佛能“看到”周围世界的美，就像他前世一样。

2.She seemed totally________ ________ this book.她好像完全被这本书迷住了。

3.He is completely ________ ________ his business.他完全专注于他的业务。

归纳拓展absorb vt.吸收；理解；使全神贯注absorb oneself in…全神贯注于……absorb…into...把……吸收进……absorb one’s attention吸引某人的注意力absorbed adj.专心致志的be absorbed in…专心致志于……链接高考单句填空1-1（2018课标全国III，阅读理解D，★★☆）We both became ________ (absorb) in the simplicity of playing together.1-2（2017课标全国III，语法填空，★★☆）But at the moment, school comes first.I don’t want to get too absorbed ________ modeling.1-3（2015天津，5，★★★）________ (absorb) in painting, John didn’t notice even approaching.1-4（2015北京，阅读理解C，★★☆）To become transparent, an animal needs tokeep its body from ________ (absorb) or scattering light.1-5（★★★）When deeply ________ (absorb) in work, which he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.知识点2 aim n.目的；目标vi. & vt.力求达到；力争做到；瞄准vt.目的是；旨在情景导学1. Filled with team spirit, they act as a whole, always ________ ________ glory.（教材P54）他们充满了团队精神，作为一个整体，总是力求荣誉。

《生物专业英语》教学大纲课程编号B08000081 学时36学时学分2学分一、课程的性质和任务生物专业英语是面向生物科学、技术高年级本科生开设的限选课程，本课程教学内容主要涉及普通生物、微生物学、遗传学、分子生物学、生态学等领域的专业基础知识。

通过本课程，扩大专业英语的词汇量，掌握专业英语书刊的阅读技巧、了解文献检索及写作知识。

木课程是帮助已有一定英语基础的学牛提高其阅读、翻译专业英语的能力。

旨在拓宽学生的专业词汇量和阅读量，力求将英语与专业紧密结合，了解科技论文的文体特点和写作方法，为将来的学术论文的阅读写作和交流打下坚实的基础。

二、相关课程的衔接本课程的先修课为大学英语，科技论文写作可作为后续课程。

三、教学的基本要求大学英语的学习使学生掌握了一•定的英语词汇和语法，专业英语则是重点提高专业英语的词汇量，掌握专业英语文献的阅读技巧、了解文献检索及写作知识；是今后学术论文撰写的必需前提。

四、教学方法与重点、难点本课程采用自学与讲授相结合，理论与实践相结合的教学方法。

教学屮突出以学生作为主体，运用多媒体等教学手段对其进行专业英语的学习指导。

同时为了提高学生英语听说读写的基础能力，可采取小组讨论式等灵活多样的教学形式，调动其学习积极性。

本课程重点在于向学生介绍学科专业术语和概念，进一步提高阅读、理解英语专业文献的能力；重点讲解英译汉的技巧，培养对科技文献的理解能力，使同学熟练和逐步适应书而语体的特点和表达形式，能够准确、流畅的阅读、翻译生物技术英语文献，并能熟练的掌握英语工具，获取专业所需的信息，初步具备撰写科研论文的能力。

五、建议学时分配讲授内容学时Inside the Living Cell: Structure and Function of Internal Cell Parts 2 Photosynthesis 2Cellular Reproduction: Mitosis and Meiosis 2 Foundations of Genetics 2 Discovering the Chemical Nature of the Gene 2The Origin and Diversity of Life 2Fungi: The Great Decomposers 2Animal Development 2The Origin of Species 2The ecology of population 2 Abstracts in Biological Abstracts 2The ISI web of knowledge platform 2The Handing of Plant Chromosomes 2Plant Tissue Culture Techniques 2 Introduction of biology 2专业英语电影和多媒体 2复习考试 2六、课程考核总成绩满分一百分，包括平时成绩占20% +期末考试成绩80% o七、教材及主要参考书指定教材蒋悟生主编，生物专业英语（第二版），高等教育出版社，2000年。

课程名称生物专业英语英文名称Special English for Biology【课程编号】【课程类别】专业选修课【学分数】【适用专业】生物科学【学时数】34 【编写日期】2013.7.31一、教学目标生物专业英语是面向生物科学、技术高年级本科生开设的限选课程，本课程教学内容主要涉及普通生物、微生物学、遗传学、分子生物学等领域的专业基础知识。

通过本课程，向学生介绍如何撰写科技论文、投稿等方面的知识；扩大专业英语的词汇量，掌握专业英语书刊的阅读技巧、了解文献检索及写作知识。

二、教学内容和学时分配Lesson One Inside the living cell:structure and function of internal cell parts 4学时主要内容：1．GlossaryActin, centriole, chemotaxis, chloroplast, chromosome, cilia, cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, dynein, flagella, lysosome, microfilament, microtubule, mitochondrion, myosin, nucleoid, nucleoli, nucleus, phagocytosis, pinocytosis, plastid, polysome, ribosome, stroma, tubulin, vacuole，endoplasmic reticulum, nuclear envelope, golgi complex, basal body2．重点句型分析分析(1)This quantity reflects the fact that ribosomes are the sits at which ammo acids are assembled into proteins for export or for use in cell processes.the genetic(2)During protein synthesis the two subunits move along a strand of mRNA, ”reading”　sequence coded in it and translating that sequence into protein.(3)Both types of endoplasmic reticulum serve as compartments within the cell where specific products can be isolated and subsequently shunted to particular areas in or outside the cell.(4)A subset of vacuoles is the organelles known as lysosomes, which contain digestive enzymes(packaged in lysosomes in the golgi complex)that can break down most biological macromolecules.(5)It is on the large surface area provided by the inner cristae of mitochondria that ATP-generatating enzymes are located.3．Exercises4．Symbols Commonly Used教学要求：使学生掌握细胞的组成结构（各种细胞器以及它们在细胞中的位置），以及结构与功能之间的关系。

discovering定语从句定语从句是中学英语教学中的一个重点，也是一个难点。

所谓定语从句，就是一种由关系词引导的从句形式的后置修饰语，用来修饰被限定的词——先行词。

引导定语从句的关系词包括关系代词和关系副词，其作用是代替先行词，引导定语从句，同时在定语从句中充当某一句子成分。

常用的关系代词有who／whom（指人），whose（指人或物），which（指物），that（指人或物），as（指人或物）；关系副词有when（指时间），where（指地点），why（指原因）。

要掌握好定语从句，首先要掌握好定语从句的词序和关系代词的选择。

关系代词的选择关系代词的选择，主要是指who和that，that和which，as和which这三对关系代词的选择。

一、关系代词who和that的选择关系代词who和that都可以指人，有时使用场合有区别。

（一）关系代词who的使用场合1．who可以代表人、人格化了的动物、神话故事中的人物或有生命的事物。

如：1）The dog who is barking is our pet．2）Those who want to go please sign their nam es here．2．在从句中，作主语倾向于用who。

如：1）The girl who dances beautifully gave us a perform ance that day．2）Do you know the com rade who spoke just now？3．当先行词泛指代词he，they或指示代词those等时，常用who。

如：1）He who does no work gets no pay．2）We are badly in need of those who can work in real earnest．4．先行词前出现不定冠词时，多用who。

如：1）I have found a m an who can do this work．2）He is a m an who should learn from others．5．在there be句型中，既作主语又表示人时多用who，或省略。