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Give the floor to 请…发言It is a great pleasure for me to我很荣幸…Relevant issues 相关问题Updated research result 最新的调查结果Attach the importance to 对…给予重视Lead-edge technologies领先技术Minister Counselor公使Natural heritage自然遗产Shared concern 共同关心的问题Well-deserved reputation良好的信誉对…表示衷心的感谢express sincere gratitude to请…讲话Let’ s welcome to give a speech 双边会议bilateral conference以掌声对…表示的最热烈的欢迎propose the warmest applause to主办单位sponsor颁奖仪式the Award Ceremony贺词greeting speech隆重举行observe the grand opening of 请…颁奖Let’s invite to present the award 取得圆满成功achieve complete ceremony 全球庆典global celebration ceremony宣布…结束declare the closing of请全体起立，奏国歌Please rise for the national anthem.Collective stewardship集体管理Competitive job market充满竞争的就业市场Financial institutions金融机构Forward-looking进取Gross National Product国民生产总值Meet the challenges 迎接挑战Public authorities公共机构Regulatory mechanism 法规机制The threshold of our transition into the new millennium跨越新千年的门槛UNCHS (United Nations Centre for Human Settlements)联合国人居中心Urban residents 城市居民Well-serviced formal city服务齐全的高尚城市把…列为重要内容place as the priority不放松工作never neglect the work 节约用水water conservation对…表示衷心祝贺extend our sincere congratulations on节约用水先进城市model city of water conservation使…取得预期效果attain the results expected授予…光荣称号confer honorable awards on为…而奋斗strive for严重缺水城市a city of severe water shortage有关单位units concerned与…比有差距compared with ,there is still some way to go预祝…圆满成功wish a complete success 开源与节流并重broaden sources of income &reduce expenditure对外贸易港口seaport for foreign trade国内生产总值National Gross Products欢聚一堂merrily gather活跃的经济带vigorous economic region 基础雄厚solid foundation留下最美好的印象may you have a most pleasant impression盛世the grand occasion祝愿在停留愉快wish a pleasant stay综合性商港comprehensive commercial seaport春意盎然spring is very much in the air forest coverage森林覆盖率global warming全球变暖principal element主要因素toxic emission废气排放迸发出心灵的火花ignite the sparks of understanding建立合作桥梁build the bridge for cooperation内容翔实substantial in content能源大省major province of energy日程紧凑tight in schedulecall upon 号召conservation benefits节水的好处industrial reuse and recycling工业中水利用pollution fines 污染罚款urban water conservation城市节水water saving fixtures节水装置地区经济regional economic港口经营多元化diversification in port operation责任和义务perform our duties and fulfill our obligations地区行业盛会a well-known regional event of the industry发起港initiating portsbreak free 冲破藩篱civil society民间团体ethnic lines种族genuine partnership真正的合作伙伴squatter settlements 违章建筑区without access to 享受不到畅所欲言open dialogues计划经济的束缚the bounding of planning economy紧迫问题pressing issues科教兴省和走可持续发展的道路vitalize the province by science and technology and sustainable development空前膨胀unprecedentedly inflated控制增长势头curb the trend of steep rise 面临严峻挑战face severe challenges清醒地看到acutely aware生态恶化ecological deterioration提高意识strengthen the awareness相互尊重，求同存异，平等互利，优势互补，借鉴经验，拓展合作，立足当前，着眼未来respect each other, seek the common ground while putting aside difference, enjoy equality and mutual benefits, complement each other’s advantages, learn each other’s experience, expand the cooperation, stand from the present and look forward to the future以此会议为契机take the opportunity of this seminar滞后lag behind转轨建制过程缓慢the tr4ansition of mechanism is slow总结经验教训draw lessons from the past community development oriented 以发展社区为宗旨的deserved winners当之无愧的获奖者ethnic minorities少数民族gainful employment有报酬的gender issues性别问题handicraft works 手工艺品income generation 工薪阶层in-depth knowledge深入了解the handicapped残疾人不求最大，但求最好seek the best instead of the largest产业结构industrial structure城乡一体化the unified design between the city and the countryside短期行为short-term conduct房地产开发real estate development扶贫帮困help and support the poor公共绿地public lawn公用事业public utilities会展中心convention center基建规模infrastructure scale精品意识consciousness for the best精品住宅区model human settlements企业效益enterprise revenue文明乘车civil bus ride希望工程Hope Project以人为本human centered主办城市the host city综合治理comprehensively administer economic recession 经济萧条press conference 记者招待会rough diamond 钻坯sophisticated machine 先进机器staggering growth 强劲的增长trade union 业界umbrella name统称濒临停产边缘be close to production collapse反省reflect on回报期period of investment return痛定思痛recall a painful experience卧薪尝胆endure present hardships to revive兴旺期blossom perioddevelop and flourish 茁壮成长expanding export earner不断扩展的出口创汇者impose stringent rules定下严格规则市场波动market fluctuation协会章程association charter总经营额total business revenueend-user用人单位entry-level学徒期from square one从头开始high-caliber高水平的instill or reinforce灌输或强化job specification工作性质localization programs本土化项目performance appraisal表现评估不断调整和日趋完善的阶段the stage of constant adjustment and improvement产学研一体化的办学机制the educational mechanism of combining learning with research and production成人学历教育，高等教育自学考试continuing education and self-study examination of higher education初露端倪reveal its importance for the first time翻译导游tourist interpreter复合型，应用型管理人才versatile and practical management talents结构性调整structural adjustment民俗风情customs and habits相伴而生be accompanied by学术领域academic sector应势而生come into existence as the situation requires在职培训part-time training专业方向professional emphasis资格考试qualification testTOPICALThe Economic Commission for Europe欧洲经济委员会A world-wide reputation誉满全球Conference center会议中心The world Health Organization 世界卫生组织International civil servants 国际事务公务员International press center国际新闻中心Works of art 艺术品International trading center国际贸易中心Rich cultural blend 丰富多彩的文化交融Holiday resort 旅游胜地Natural reserves 自然保护区Feudal dynasty封建王朝中国革命历史博物馆the Museum of the Chinese Revolution一座历史丰碑a historical monument快节奏的社会fast-tempo society专题展览exhibitions on special subject实地考察on-the-spot investigaion经历了数千年的风吹雨打being beaten by elements for thousands of years古典艺术精品classical art treasures世界文化遗产World Cultural Heritage紫禁城the Forbidden City文物宝库a treasure house of cultural relics 私人收藏家personal collector securities exchanges 证券交易所stock exchanges股票交易所systematic market process有组织的买卖过程major corporation大公司New York Stock Exchange 纽约证券交易所Tax harmonization协调税收Hot topic热门话题European Union欧盟Driving force推动力Contemplate on the harmonization统一的期望国际货币组织International Monetary Fund 国内需求domestic demand经济全球化economic globalization双边渠道bilateral channels亚太经合组织Asia-Pacific EconomicCooperation金融危机financial crisis广泛关注arouse wide concern国际社会international community公正合理的国际经济新秩序a new and reasonable international economic order 从大局出发proceed from the whole situation财政政策financial policy共同繁荣common prosperity贸易投资自由化trade and investment liberalization日新月异progress with each passing day 知识经济knowledge economyfaulty members 教职工subscribes to 订阅journals and periodicals 杂志期刊recreations and athletic facilities娱乐体育设施arts department文科系applied science应用科学recipients of Nobel Prize诺贝尔奖金获得者intellectual and personal qualities文化和个人素质living expenses生活费sense of community团队意识成人教育学院continuing education school 仿真实验室simulation laboratory教育部Ministry of Education土木工程civil engineering全国重点大学national key university信息技术information technology函授生correspondence student外国留学生international student教育展览会Education Exhibition组委会organizing committee主要内容main component热点话题much-talked-about topic共同关心的信息mutually concerned informationfresh water resource洁水资源over the last couple of decades 在过去的二十年里land available for farming适耕地fresh water available可用清洁水emerging economies 新兴经济global warming 全球变暖ecological crisis生态危机path to prosperity通向繁荣之路seize the opportunity抓住机遇remarkable environmental progress引人注目的环境垃圾处理garbage disposal生活必需品the bare necessities of life消费品consumer goods消费习惯consuming habit捕鱼量the volume of fishing造纸业paper-making industry木材储量timber reserves森林覆盖面积forest-covering area inward investment 对内投资entrepreneurship创业精神pay tribute to 表示敬意subsidies and grants津贴和拨款problem of terrorism恐怖主义问题gave their lives to the highest calling将生命献给了最崇高的事业target of terrorism恐怖主义的目标intensified our effort 加强力量bring to justice使归案受审国际条约international treaties世界知识产权组织World Intellectual Property Organization私营部门the private sector知识产权intellectual property总干事Director Geneor在进入新的千年之际at the threshold of the new millennium成员国member countries纲领性文件programmatic document基本人权fundamental human rights殖民枷锁colonialist shackles任重道远the burden is heavy and the road is longinternet phone industry网络电话业vast potential for future development广阔的发展前景telephone sound quality电话音质instantaneous transmission即时传输GPS（Global Positioning System）全球卫星定位系统Relay station中继站Intelligent traffic management systems智能交通管理系统分子生物学Molecular biology能源综合利用comprehensive utilization of energy认识科学cognitive science生产力productive force推动力量driving force相对论the theory of relativity行为科学behavior science知识科学knowledge economy新兴产业rising economy层出不穷emerge one after another科教兴国战略the strategy of economic development through science-technology and education可持续发展sustainable development试点工程pilot program严峻挑战serious challenges运行机制operational mechanism中国科学院Chinese Academy of Sciences 综合国力the overall national strength磁悬浮铁路magnetic suspended railway root causes根本原因juvenile crime bill青少年犯罪idle talk闲聊easy access to 轻易接近zero tolerance绝不容忍balanced budget 预算平衡step up to its responsibilities 担负起责任law enforcement professionals执法者debit card提款卡magnetic stripe磁条parking meter停车计费表personal identification number 密码pull double duty具备双重功能electronic versions电子交易chip-enhanced versions加强性芯片be hot for the idea热衷于这个主意遥控器remote controller 无孔不入all pervasive增强性能strengthen the property减少故障to reduce the breakdown原动力motive power高架铁路aerial train汽车废气的排放discharge of automobile exhaust fumes毗邻而居be adjacent tostate-of-the art 最新型的，最优良的three-dimensional三维的，立体的ground-breaking 开拓性的，独创的organizing committee组委会innovative approach创新方法marketing partner市场合作伙伴a giant leap into the future走向未来的一次飞跃cash for votes用钱拉选票bribery scandal贿赂丑闻草地网球lawn tennis发球区service court处于执牛耳的地位occupy a leading position体育道德精神sportsmanship以全体运动员的名义in the name of all the athletes借助不正当的手段resort to unjust means。
1. 全面掌握基本语法点，重点记住各个项目中的“偏，特，难”点；2. 掌握常用习惯用法和词组；3. 注意在阅读中培养语感，因为在语篇层次上培养的语感往往可以直接帮助答题；4. 研究以往考试试题，适当做些练习记住典型题例；5. 练习时应快速阅读文章本体，速度大约为200 字/分钟。
重点是掌握文章大意及每一段大概，仔细阅读第一段和每一段的首句；6. 做题的关键是每一题必须能从原文中找到出处，也就是能够证明这道题正确答案的部分，千万不要凭印象。
在阅读过程中，抓文章的主题思想，是对文中具体内容理解的关键。
主题思想（the Main Idea）是作者在文章中要表达的核心内容，也是作者自始至终要说明的问题。
能否抓住一篇文章的主题思想，体现了读者总结、概括和归纳事物的能力。
可以说，找出主题思想是一项十分重要的阅读技能。
一、抓主题思想，我们首先要学会识别文章中那些最根本、最具有概括力的信息。
这种信息应能归纳和概括文中其他信息所具有的共性。
例一：Directions：Choose the most general sentence.A.The hotel offers complimentarycoffee from 7to 10a.m.daily.B.There are many reasons why guests feel at home at the Glorietta Bay Inn.C.The coin-operated laundry room has an ironing board.D.There are a number of extra services at the Glorietta Bay Inn including baby-sitting.A、C、D 都是从不同的侧面说明旅馆的服务情况，相互间并无联系。
而B 却概括了A、C、D 的共性的东西，即：为什么旅客住在这家旅馆里有宾至如归的感觉。
中级口译口试复习资料中级口译口试复习资料中级口译是一项对口译能力要求较高的考试，为了顺利通过这一考试，准备充分的复习资料是非常重要的。
本文将介绍一些中级口译口试复习资料的选择和使用方法，帮助考生提高备考效果。
一、听力材料听力是中级口译考试的重要组成部分，因此选择合适的听力材料进行训练是非常关键的。
可以选择一些录音资料，如新闻广播、访谈节目、演讲等，这些内容能够涵盖各种不同的语境和话题，有助于提高考生的听力理解能力。
此外，还可以选择一些专门为中级口译考试设计的听力材料，这些材料通常包括一些模拟考试题目，能够帮助考生熟悉考试形式和题型，提高应试能力。
在选择听力材料时，要注意材料的真实性和难度，以确保复习的效果。
二、阅读材料阅读是中级口译考试的另一个重要部分，因此选择合适的阅读材料进行训练也是必不可少的。
可以选择一些英语报纸、杂志、学术论文等进行阅读，这些材料能够帮助考生提高阅读理解能力和词汇量。
此外，还可以选择一些专门为口译考试设计的阅读材料，这些材料通常包括一些与口译相关的文章和短文，能够帮助考生熟悉口译领域的专业术语和表达方式。
在选择阅读材料时，要注意材料的题材和难度，以确保复习的针对性和有效性。
三、词汇和短语词汇和短语是口译考试中的重要内容，因此进行词汇和短语的复习是必不可少的。
可以选择一些专门的词汇书籍或在线词汇库进行学习，掌握一些常用的口译词汇和短语，提高自己的口译表达能力。
在进行词汇和短语的复习时，可以采用分主题的方式进行，如政治、经济、科技等，有针对性地进行学习。
同时，还可以通过做一些练习题，巩固所学的词汇和短语，提高记忆和运用能力。
四、口译练习口译练习是中级口译考试复习的重要环节，通过大量的口译练习，可以提高自己的口译技巧和应变能力。
可以选择一些录音资料进行模拟口译练习，如新闻广播、演讲等，通过模拟真实的口译场景，提高自己的口译能力。
此外，还可以参加一些口译培训班或口译交流活动，与其他口译考生进行交流和互动，共同提高口译水平。
中级口译口试重点复习口译是一项需要高度专业技能和实践经验的任务，无论是在国际会议、商务谈判还是其他跨文化交流活动中，中级口译的重要性不可低估。
本文将重点介绍中级口译口试的相关知识和复习要点，以助你在口试中取得优异成绩。
一、听力技巧与训练在中级口译口试中，听力技巧是至关重要的一环。
以下是一些提升听力技巧的方法：1. 练习日常听力：多听英语广播、电视节目，提高对英语语音的理解和适应能力。
2. 做听力练习题：有针对性地做一些听力练习题，增加自己的听力维度和反应能力。
3. 增加听力量：尽可能多地接触不同类型和主题的英语听力材料，丰富自己的听力资源。
二、口语技巧与训练中级口译的口语表达能力对口试成绩有着至关重要的影响。
以下是一些提升口语技巧的方法：1. 提高词汇量：通过阅读、背诵等方式积累常用词汇，增加自己的表达能力。
2. 刻意练习口语：日常练习口语，注意语音语调的准确性。
3. 注重思维训练：学会快速思维和逻辑思考，以便更快速地进行口译。
三、阅读技巧与训练阅读理解是中级口译口试中不可或缺的一项技能。
以下是一些提升阅读技巧的方法：1. 阅读英语材料：读不同领域的英语文章，提高英语阅读能力。
2. 学会归纳总结：在阅读过程中，要经常总结归纳文章的主旨和要点，培养筛选信息的能力。
3. 多练习速读：通过速读练习，提高自己的阅读速度和理解能力。
四、笔译技巧与训练中级口译中的笔译水平也是一个重要评估指标。
以下是一些提升笔译能力的方法：1. 增加翻译量：多翻译不同类型的文章，提高翻译的准确性和流畅度。
2. 注重常用词汇：掌握常用词汇，提高翻译的准确性和效率。
3. 掌握常用句型：学会使用一些常用的翻译句型，提高翻译的连贯性和流畅度。
五、相关背景知识的学习在中级口译口试中，对于相关领域的背景知识也需要进行广泛的学习。
以下是一些建议的学习途径：1. 阅读相关领域的专业书籍和论文，增强对该领域的了解。
2. 关注国际新闻和热点问题，积累相关背景知识。
中级口译复习资料整理2023中级口译复习资料2023中级口译复习资料1. A bold attempt is half success.大胆的尝试等于一半胜利。
2. A contented mind is a perpetual feast.知足常乐。
3. A contented mind is always rich.知足常富。
4. A life without a friend is a life without a sun.人生没有朋友，如同人生没有太阳。
5. Action speaks louder than words.行动比语言更洪亮。
/行动胜于言词。
6. Adversity is a good discipline.逆境成才。
7. Adversity leads to prosperity.逆境是通向胜利之路。
8. A good beginning is half the battle.良好的开端等于胜利的一半。
9. A good example is the best sermon.身教重于言教。
10. A little(small)leak will sink a great ship.千丈之堤溃于蚁穴。
11. All are not friends that speak us fair.说我们好话的未必都是朋友。
12. All is not gold that glitters.闪光的未必皆是金子。
13. All roads lead to Rome.条条道路通罗马。
14. All things are difficult before they are easy.万事开头难。
15. All things are easy to industry;all things difficult to sloth.勤劳诸事易，懒散万事难。
16. All things will come round to him who will but wait.只要急躁等待，一切都会如期到来。
1．考试流程中级口译：第一部分3-minute talk这部分要求大家在规定的三分钟内就所给的一个英文题目进行口语表达。
要求做到无重大语法错误，表达流畅，能围绕题目进行论点阐述，论证，无偏题，跑题问题。
第二部分4 passages of interpretation这部分共有四段口译，两段英翻中，两段中翻英。
每一段分四小段翻完，即共有十六小段。
每小段通常在两到三小句，其中至少应有一句长难复杂句。
每小段结束后磁带中发出“嘟”的声音，考生必须在第二声“嘟”之前把听到的段落翻译出来。
每小段间隔时间约为22到25秒钟。
每小段字数大约为60-80字。
2．评分标准及通过率口试与笔试最大的区别在于没有具体的分数，而只有及格与不及格之分。
中级口译共十六小段，必须要确保翻对其中的十一小段。
即最多只能错五小段。
如只翻对十小段，错六小段，虽然只差一小段，但结果仍然是不过。
所以口试是相对来说比较残酷的。
这也是口试通过率特别低的主要原因，中口一般为不超过30%，高口一般不超过20%。
如一个考场一天有二十名考生，中口最多过六到七人，高口最多过三到四人。
具体到每小段的时候，考官会遵循三分之二正确率的原则。
即如一小段中有六个关键信息，考生必须正确翻出至少三分之二的内容才算这小段通过，如翻对二分之一，则算不及格。
现举例说明：以中级口译2005年9月第二阶段考试为例：原文：Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, welcome to our annual University Awards. I am extremely delighted that we are once again celebrating the achievements of our colleagues.//关键信息为：上午好/女士们先生们/欢迎参加本大学颁奖仪式/高兴/再次/庆祝/同仁/成就不及格版本：上午好，欢迎参加颁奖，很高兴庆祝同仁的成就。
语态转换I 汉语转英语1 汉语中泛指性主语（大家，人们，有人，据说）开头的句子2 汉语中常见的无主句例：新的管理模式基本建成。
各项配套改革及时推出。
III 英语转汉语1 英语原文主语在译文中仍作主语，译文中加“加以”“经过”“用…来”例：Other questions will be discussed briefly.Nuclear power’s danger to health, safety and even life itself can be summed up in one word: radiation.2 将英语原文中的主语翻译为宾语，同时增补泛指性的词语（人们，大家）作主语例：It is generally accepted that the experiences of the child in his first years largely determine his character and laterpersonality.Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events.3 将英语原文中的by，in，for等作状语的介词短语翻译成译文的主语，原主语变宾语。
例：A right kind of fuel is needed for an atomic reactor.By the end of the war, 800people had been saved by the organization, but at a cost of 200 Belgian and French lives.4 翻译成汉语的无主句。
例：Great efforts should be made to inform young people especially the dreadful consequences of taking up the habit.New sources of energy must be found, and this will take time.5 翻译成带表语的主动句例：The decision to attack was not taken lightly. 进攻的决定不是轻易做出的。
中级口译语法知识点总结一、句子结构1. 主谓宾结构主谓宾（SVO）结构是英语句子的基本句型形式，由主语、谓语和宾语构成。
在口译中，要注意主语、谓语和宾语之间的搭配和语序，以确保译文表达清晰准确。
2. 主谓补结构主谓补（SVC）结构是指宾语补足语与谓语构成的句子结构，宾语补足语通常是形容词、名词、介词短语等，用来对宾语进行补充或补充说明。
在口译中，要注意原句中宾语补足语的含义和表达方式。
3. 主谓双宾结构主谓双宾（SVOO）结构是指句子有两个宾语，一个是直接宾语，一个是间接宾语。
在口译中，要注意双宾结构的处理方式，确保翻译准确。
4. 主谓宾宾补结构主谓宾宾补（SVOOC）结构是指句子同时包含宾语和宾语补足语。
在口译中，要注意处理这种结构时需要对宾语和宾语补足语的关系进行准确理解，并做出合适的翻译。
二、时态和语态1. 时态时态是表示动作发生时间的一种语法形式，包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时等。
在口译中，时态的选择要根据上下文和句子的意思进行准确把握。
2. 语态语态包括主动语态和被动语态，主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
在口译中，要根据原文句子的语态选择适当的翻译方式，确保句子表达准确。
三、从句结构1. 定语从句定语从句是修饰名词的从句，用来对名词进行描述或限定。
在口译中，要注意定语从句的关系代词的使用和从句与主句的关系，确保翻译准确。
2. 状语从句状语从句是修饰动词、形容词或副词的从句，用来对动作、状态或程度进行修饰。
在口译中，要注意状语从句的引导词和从句与主句的关系，确保翻译流畅准确。
3. 名词性从句名词性从句是在句中充当名词成分的从句，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
在口译中，要根据名词性从句在句中的作用选择适当的翻译方式，以确保句子表达准确。
四、词性和词序1. 词性英语词汇包括名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、连词、介词等不同的词性，每种词性在句子中有不同的作用和位置。
中级口译复习资料Unit 1 在这明月中秋的良宵，我们在东海之滨的上海欢聚一堂，我代表中国政府和人民，向前来参加时代华纳集团举办的“99《财富》全球论坛”活动的朋友们，表示热烈的欢迎。
On the occasion of this moon-lit mid-autumn evening, we are very glad to get together in Shanghai on the coast of the East Sea. On behalf of the Chinese government and its people, I?d like to extend my warm welcome to our friends who are here to attend the 99 fortune global forum sponsored by Time Warner Group. 本着友好合作、相互促进、共同繁荣的精神，我谨向您和代表团的全体成员表示最热烈的欢迎，并向您转达我石化集团全体员工的最诚挚的问候。
In the spirit of friendly cooperation, mutual promotion andcommon prosperity, I?d like to extend my warmest welcome to you and all members of your delegation. Meanwhile, I?d like to convey to you the most sincere greetings from the staff of our petro-chemical group. Interpreting Exercise 在这月光明媚的夜晚，我们很高兴同怀特先生及其同事在此欢聚一堂。
孔子曾经说过，“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎。
”// 怀特先生是我们的老朋友，是一位美中贸易的开拓者。
2010年9月口译试题British people are far more sophisticated about beverages than they were 50 years ago. Witness the Starbucks revolution and you" 11 know where ____________________________ (1) goes. However, spurred on by recent studies suggesting that it can cut the risk of ____ (2) and retard the aging process, tea is enjoying a __________________________________ (3).Alt hough tea is available in more places t han ever, it remains to be (4) of a typical British family.If you are invited to an English home, __________________ (5) in the morning you get a cup of tea. It is either brought in by a heartily ___________________ (6) or an almost malevolently silent maid. When you are _________________ (7) in your sweetest morning sleep you must not say: 'Go away, you ________________ (8).' On the contrary, you have to declare with your best five o' clock smile: ' Thank you very much. I (9) a cup of tea, especially in the morning.' If they leave you alone with the liquid you may pour it __________ (10) !Then you have _____________ (11); then you have tea at 11 o' clock in the morning;_____________ (12); then you have tea for tea; then after supper; and again at eleven o'clock _____________ (13).You must not refuse any additional cups of tea under the ___________________ (14): if it is hot; if it is cold; if you are _________________ (15); if you are nervous;if you are watching TV; ______________ (16); if you have just returned home; if youfeel like it; if you do not feel like it; if you have had no tea _____________________ (17); if you have just had a cup.You definitely must not _________________ (18). I sleep at five o' clock in the morning; I have coffee for breakfast; I drink innumerable _________________ (19) during the day; I have the _______________ (20) even at tea-time!Part B: Listening Comprehension1.StatementsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper; so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.1.(A) The program on Channel Eight reminds me of TV commercials.(B)The product advertised in the TV commercial cannot help cure my illness.(C)I don"t watch TV that much, because of the omnipresent advertisements.(D)I have to sit on the sofa, because I am too sick to stand in front of the television.2.(A) The plane arrived at 7:30.(B)The plane arrived at 8:00.(C)The plane arrived at 9:00.(D)The plane arrived at 10:00.3.(A) I" 11 ask someone else to read and check this agreement for errors.(B)I"11 think more about the agreement before making a decision.(C)It，s obvious that I" 11 discuss the agreement with my assistant first.(D)It，s out of question that I should get into any agreement with you.4.(A) The better members decided to cancel the meeting.(B)Less than half of the committee was away on business trips.(C)It" d be better if no one had attended this morning's committee meeting .......(D)The meeting was cancelled because of low attendance.5.(A) Supermarkets in the inner city and the suburbs are usually owned by the same company.(B)Products in grocery stores are more expensive than those in supermarkets.(C)There is a price difference for the same product even in shops run by the same company.(D)People prefer to shop in supermarkets, which are mostly located in the suburbs, with free parking space.6.(A) Many Americans cannot afford higher education because of the soaringcollege tuition fees and expenses.(B) Sending their children to college is no longer a bigger challenge for millions of Americans.(C) The American government has set the goal that it will eventually stop funding higher education institutions.(D) Nowadays, American parents have to pay more to send their children to college. 1. (A) For many university graduates ，the jobs they take will not be related to their academic achievements.(B) Because of economic recession, the number of university students majoring in liberal arts is declining.(C) University students who are interested in liberal arts will have more job opportunities upon graduation.(D) With high unemployment rate, many university students will have to opt for transferring to other majors.8. (A) Good business negotiators will never repeat what other people have already restated.(B) Restating by good business negotiators is not an effective way to check the information.(C) Good business negotiators are sometimes curious about other people" srestatements.have said is a good strategy for confirming understanding.9. (A) We cannot reach an agreement, let alone a spoken promise.(B) We'd better draft and then sign a written agreement.(C) We generally keep our promises in business transactions.(D) We hope you understand why we are unable to keep our promises.(A) I don" t think you have more to say on that topic.I think we'd better talk about that in detail sometime later.2. Talks and ConversationsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations After each of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions ONLY ONCE. When you hear a question, read the four choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 11-14(A) Two (B) Three (C) Four (D) Five(A) A profit-making private school.A non-profit-making independent school.A state school that is funded by non-governmental sources.A secondary school that is open to the majority of British students.(A) Many children are no longer placed in schools according to their academicabilities.(B) Many children can afford to study in private schools, as they become part of the state system.(C) Children from wealthy families no longer choose to go and study in public schools.(D) Cleverer children will be sent to the best private schools in the country for a better development.14. (A) Clever and less bright children will mix well with each other.(B) School authorities will receive more funds from the government.(C) Most students will do well in their entrance examination for the higher education.(D) Every child will have an equal opportunity to go on to higher education.Questions 15-1815. (A) One that is unabridged with detailed definitions.(B) One that contains fewer words and emphasizes on special words.(C) One that contains a broad range of words in common usage.(D) One that spans several volumes and has extensive word histories (D) Restating what others • \7 \7 o B c D 1 7(\ /(X /v\I am truly appreciative if you can elaborate on that topic after lunch.I am busy right now, so we might as well discuss it over lunch today.1 2 B c D 316.(A) The New Oxford Picture Dictionary(B)The American Heritage Dictionary(C)The Dictionary of Legal Terms(D)The Drinking Water Dictionary17.(A) It lists abbreviations, proper nouns, and tables of measures.(B)It is an unabridged edition providing as many as 500, 000 entries.(C)It was randomly compiled and contains as many foreign words as possible.(D)It provides detailed information of famous people and places.18.(A) A school dictionary. (B) A college dictionary.(C) A general dictionary. (D) A specialized dictionary.Questions 19-2219.(A) He，s bought his wife a present. (B) He's missed an important phone call.(C) He，s dismissed his new secretary. (D) He，s popped out shopping.20.(A) Talking about the latest fashion.(B)Offering special reductions.(C)Giving bigger discounts to female customers.(D)Pressing on the customer to make a decision.21.(A) Upside down and inside out. (B) Inside out and back to front.(C) With its sleeves as trouser legs. (D) With its pattern upside down.22.(A) A V-necked pullover with short sleeves.(B) A high-necked pullover with long sleeves.(C) A white pullover with a pattern.(D) A blue pullover with a high neck.Questions 23-2623.(A) That of a creator. (B) That of a re-creator.(C) That of a receiver. (D) That of a performer.24.(A) Because we need to concentrate for our quiet thought.(B)Because we want to give full attention to the driving.(C)Because we try to avoid being caught by the patrolling police.(D)Because we intend to be as casual as possible in the driving.25.(A) In the elevator. (B) In the car.(C) In the bathroom. (D) In the church.26.(A) By perceptive and analytical listening.(B)By taking a sonic bath.(C)By attending classical concerts.(D)By listening to an emotional piece of music.Questions 27-3027.(A) His grandfather" s house. (B) His parents' remarks.(C) A magazine. (D) A coursebook.28.(A) Enjoying visiting zoos. (B) Driving a car.(C) Making money. (D) Taking kids to a museum.29.(A) It died a few years ago. (B) It killed several tourists.(C) It is only a legend. (D) It is a living dinosaur.30.(A) No one has provided an accurate description of the animal.(B)No dead bodies of the animal have ever been found.(C)There are only 500 species living in Loch Ness.(D)The lake is not deep enough for such a huge animal.Part C: Listening and Translation1. Sentence TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in English. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.\7 \)z \7 \7 \!7 12 3 4 5 •Passage TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.You may take notes while you are listening.(1)(2) We are moving inexorably into the age of automation. Our aim is not to devise a mechanism which can perform a thousand different actions of any individual man but, on the contrary, one which could by a single action replace a thousand men.Indus trial automation has moved along three lines. First there is the conveyor belt system of continuous production whereby separate operations are linked into a single sequence. The goods produced by this well-established method are untouched by the worker, and the machine replaces both unskilled and semiskilled. Secondly, there is automation with feedback control of the quality of the product: here mechanisms are built into the system which can compare the output with a norm, that is, the actual product with what it is supposed to be, and then correct any shortcomings. The entire cycle of operations dispenses with human control except in so far as monitors are concerned. One or two examples of this type of automation will illustrate its immense possibilities. There is a factory in the U.S.A, which makes 1, 000 million electrie light bulbs a year, and the factory employs three hundred people. If the preautomation techniques were to be employed, the labour force required would leap to 25, 000. A motor manufacturing company with 45, 000 spare parts regulates their entire supply entirely by computer. Computers can be entrusted with most of the supervision of industrial installations, such as chemical plants or oil refineries. Thirdly, there is computer automation, for banks, accounting departments, insurance companies and the like. Here the essential features are the recording, storing, sorting and retrieval of information.The principal merit of modern computing machines is the achievement of their vastly greater speed of operation by comparison with unaided human effort; a task which otherwise might take years, if attempted at all, now takes days or hours.One of the most urgent problems of industrial societies rapidly introducing automation is how to fill the time that will be made free by the machines which will take over the tasks of the workers. The question is not simply of filling empty time but also of utilizing the surplus human energy that will be released. We are already seeing straws in the wind: destructive outbursts on the part of youth whose work no longer demands muscular strength. While automation will undoubtedly do away with a large number of tedious jobs, are we sure that it will not put others which are equally tedious in their place? For an enormous amount of sheer monitoring will be required. A man in an automated plant may have to sit for hours on and watching dials and taking decisive action when some signal informs him that all is not well. What meaning will his occupation bear for the worker? How will he devote his free time after a four or five hour stint of labour? Moreover, what, indeed, will be the significance for him of his leisure? If industry of the future could be purged of its monotony and meaninglessness, man would then be better equipped to use his leisure time constructively.16.The main purpose of automation is _____________ .(A)to devise the machine which could replace the semi-skilled(B)to process information as fast as possible(C)to develop an efficient labor-saving mechanism(D)to make an individual man perform many different actions17.The chief benefit of computing machines is _____________ •(A)their greater speed of operation(B)their control of the product quality(C)their conveyor belt system of continuous production(D)their supervision of industrial installations18.One of the problems brought about by automation in industrial societiesis _________ .(A)plenty of information(B)surplus human energy(C)destructive outbursts(D)less leisure time19.Which of the following best explains the use of ' stint" (para. 4)?(A)Effort.(B)Force.(C)Excess.(D)Period.20.According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?(A)There is no automation with feedback control of the quality of the product.(B)Computers are reliable in any supervision of industrial installations.(C)The essential features for banks are the recording and sorting of information.(D)Automation will undoubtedly eliminate numerous tedious jobs. Questions 21-25The city water pipes in Rome were usually of baked clay or lead; copper was sometimes used and also hollowed stone. For the large supply conduits leading to the city the Romans used covered channels with free water surfaces, rather than pipes. Perhaps this choice was a matter of economics, for apparently they could make lead pipes up to 15 inches in diameter. While pipes can follow the profile of undulating ground, with the pressure increasing in the lower areas, channels cannot. They must slope continuously downwards, because water in channels does not normally flow uphill; and the grade must be flat, from 1 in 60 in small channels to perhaps 1 in 3, 000 in large ones, to keep the water speed down to a few feet per second. Thus the main supply channels or aqueducts had long lengths of flat grade and where they crossed depressions or valleys they were carried on elevated stone bridges in the form of tiered arches. At the beginning of the Christian era there were over 30 miles of these raised aqueducts in the 250 miles of channels and tunnels bringing water to Rome. The channels were up to 6 feet wide and 5 to 8 feet high. Sometimes channels were later added on the tops of existing ones. The remains of some of these aqueducts still grace the skyline on the outskirts of Rome and elsewhere in Europe similar ruins are found.Brick and stone drains were constructed in various parts of Rome. The oldest existing one is the Cloaca Maxima which follows the course of an old stream. It dates back at least to the third century B. C. Later the drains were used for sewage, flushed by water from the public baths and fountains, as well as street storm run-off.The truly surprising aspect of the achievements of all the ancient hydraulic artisans is the lack of theoretical knowledge behind their designs. Apart from the hydrostatics of Archimedes, there was no sound understanding of the most elementary principles of fluid behaviour. Sextus Frontinus, Rome，s water commissioner around A. D. 100, did not fully realize that in order to calculate the volume rate of flow in a channel it is necessary to allow for the speed of the flow as well as the area of cross-section. The Romans' flow standard was the rate at which water would flow through a bronze pipe roughly 4/3 inch in diameter and 9 inches long. When this pipe was connected to the side of a water-supply pipe or channel as a delivery outlet, it was assumed that the outflow was at the standard rate. In fact, the amount of water delivered depended not only on the cross-sectional area of the outlet pipe but also on the speed of water flowing through it and this speed depended on the pressure in the supply pipe.21.The Romans used all of the following to make water pipes EXCEPT______________ •(A)earth (B) wood (C) copper (D) stone22.Covered channels were used instead of pipes to supply large quantities ofwater probably because ___________ •(A)the Romans could build them more cheaply(B)these channels could follow uneven ground more easily(C)the Romans could not build large pipes(D)these channels avoided rapid changes of pressure23.The use of ' grace" in line 15 suggests that the aqueducts today are_____________ •(A) hideous (B) divine (C) useful (D) attractive24.In order to calculate the volume of water flowing through a pipe, it is important to know its speed and ___________ •(A) the area across the end of the pipe (B) the length of the pipe(C) the water pressure in the pipe (D) the level from which the water falls25.The main subject of the passage is concerned essentially with _______________ •(A)the classical scientific achievements(B)the theoretical Greek hydrostatics(C)the ancient Roman hydraulic system(D) the early European architectural designingQuestions 26-30Every day of our lives we are in danger of instant death from small high-speed missiles from space-the lumps of rocky or metallic debris which continuously bombard the Earth. The chances of anyone actually being hit, however, are very low, although there are recorded instances of ，stones from the sky' hurting people, and numerous accou nts of damage to buildings and other objects. At nigh t this extra terrestrial mat erial can be seen as ' fireballs' or ，shooting stars', burning their way through our atmosphere. Most ， on reaching our atmosphere, become completely vaporised.The height above ground at which these objects become sufficiently heated to be visible is estimated to be about 60-100 miles. Meteorites that have fallen on buildings have sometimes ended their long lonely space voyage incongruously under beds, inside flower pots or even, in the case of one that landed on a hotel in North Wales, within a chamber pot. Before the era of space exploration it was confidently predicted that neither men nor space vehicles would survive for long outside the protective blanket of the Earth" s atmosphere. It was thought that once in space they would be seriously damaged as a result of the incessant downpour of meteorites falling towards our planet at the rate of many millions every day. Even the first satellites showed that the danger from meteorites had been greatly overestimated by the pessimists, but although it has not happened yet, it is certain that one day a spacecraft will be badly damaged by a meteorite.The greatest single potential danger to life on Earth undoubtedly comes from outside our planet. Collision with another astronomical body of any size or with a ' black hole" could completely destroy the Earth almost instantly. Near misses of bodies larger than or comparable in size to our own planet could be equally disastrous to mankind as they might still result in totai or partial disruption. If the velocity of impact were high, collision with even quite small extraterrestrial bodies might cause catastrophic damage to the Earth" s atmosphere, oceans and outer crust and thus produce results inimical to life as we know it. The probability of collision with a large astronomical body from outside our Solar System is extremely low, possibly less than once in the lifetime of an average star. We know, however, that our galaxy contains great interstellar dust clouds and some astronomers have suggested that there might also be immense streams of meteorite matter in space that the Solar system may occasionally encounter. Even if we disregard this possibility, our own Solar system itself contains a great number of small astronomical bodies, such as the minor planets or asteroids and the comets, some with eccentric orbits that occasionally bring them close to the Earth's path.26. According to the writer, the Earth is being continuously bombarded by(A) big bright stars from space (B) (C) (D) 27.⑷(B)(C)(D) man-made space vehicles great interstellar dust clouds small high-speed pieces ofrock from space The word "vaDorised" (para. 1) means •turned from stones into missiles turned from a fireball into black turned from asolid into a gas turned from meteors into shooting stars 28.space? ⑷ (B) (C) (D) Why was it once thought that no spacecraft would survive for very long in People believedthat spacecraft would be destroyed in a black hole. People believedthat spacecraft would be misguided by missiles. People believed that spacecraft would be collided with a star.People believed that spacecraft would be damaged by meteorites.29.⑷(B) (0 (D)What is the greatest danger to life on Earth? Collision with small high-speed missiles. Collision with an astronomical body.Collision with stones from the sky.Collision with spacecrafts.30.⑷(B)(C)(D)According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? Our galaxy contains great interstellar dust clouds.Near misses of bodies smaller than our own planet could be disastrous. The probability of collision with a large astronomical body is very high. The chances of anyone actually being hit by missiles are very high.SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET・The culture of any society is usually thought to be of two kinds: material and nonmaterial. Material culture includes the man-made phenomena which have physical properties such as height, breadth, and weight. A boat, a machine, a house-all these objects are part of the material culture. The nonmaterial culture is that portion of the environment which surrounds man and which has an impact on his behavior but which lacks these material properties: values, beliefs, traditions, and all the other habits and ideas invented and acquired by man as a member of society.Contemporary sociological theory tends to assign primary importance to the nonmaterial culture in choosing problems for study. It assumes, for example, that boats, planes, automobiles, and so forth, are not nearly so important as the traditions we have developed which make their manufacture possible-indeed， which prescribe how we are to use them. The emphasis of contemporary sociology is to insist that the material culture would not exist had not the nonmaterial culture first been available to suggest the ideas which are embodied in the inventions of mat erial culture.SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST (2) (30 minutes)Directions: Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.进入耶鲁大学的校园，看到莘莘学子青春洋溢的脸庞，呼吸着书香浓郁的空气，我不由回想起40年前在北京清华大学度过的美好时光。
