2010年9月口译试题
British people are far more sophisticated about beverages than they were 50 years ago. Witness the Starbucks revolution and you" 11 know where ____________________________ (1) goes. However, spurred on by recent studies suggesting that it can cut the risk of ____ (2) and retard the aging process, tea is enjoying a __________________________________ (3).
Alt hough tea is available in more places t han ever, it remains to be (4) of a typical British family.
If you are invited to an English home, __________________ (5) in the morning you get a cup of tea. It is either brought in by a heartily ___________________ (6) or an almost malevolently silent maid. When you are _________________ (7) in your sweetest morning sleep you must not say: 'Go away, you ________________ (8).' On the contrary, you have to declare with your best five o' clock smile: ' Thank you very much. I (9) a cup of tea, especially in the morning.' If they leave you alone with the liquid you may pour it __________ (10) !
Then you have _____________ (11); then you have tea at 11 o' clock in the morning;
_____________ (12); then you have tea for tea; then after supper; and again at eleven o'clock _____________ (13).
You must not refuse any additional cups of tea under the ___________________ (14): if it is hot; if it is cold; if you are _________________ (15); if you are nervous;
if you are watching TV; ______________ (16); if you have just returned home; if you
feel like it; if you do not feel like it; if you have had no tea _____________________ (17); if you have just had a cup.
You definitely must not _________________ (18). I sleep at five o' clock in the morning; I have coffee for breakfast; I drink innumerable _________________ (19) during the day; I have the _______________ (20) even at tea-time!
Part B: Listening Comprehension
1.Statements
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper; so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
1.(A) The program on Channel Eight reminds me of TV commercials.
(B)The product advertised in the TV commercial cannot help cure my illness.
(C)I don"t watch TV that much, because of the omnipresent advertisements.
(D)I have to sit on the sofa, because I am too sick to stand in front of the television.
2.(A) The plane arrived at 7:30.
(B)The plane arrived at 8:00.
(C)The plane arrived at 9:00.
(D)The plane arrived at 10:00.
3.(A) I" 11 ask someone else to read and check this agreement for errors.
(B)I"11 think more about the agreement before making a decision.
(C)It，s obvious that I" 11 discuss the agreement with my assistant first.
(D)It，s out of question that I should get into any agreement with you.
4.(A) The better members decided to cancel the meeting.
(B)Less than half of the committee was away on business trips.
(C)It" d be better if no one had attended this morning's committee meeting .......
(D)The meeting was cancelled because of low attendance.
5.(A) Supermarkets in the inner city and the suburbs are usually owned by the same company.
(B)Products in grocery stores are more expensive than those in supermarkets.
(C)There is a price difference for the same product even in shops run by the same company.
(D)People prefer to shop in supermarkets, which are mostly located in the suburbs, with free parking space.
6.(A) Many Americans cannot afford higher education because of the soaring
college tuition fees and expenses.
(B) Sending their children to college is no longer a bigger challenge for millions of Americans.
(C) The American government has set the goal that it will eventually stop funding higher education institutions.
(D) Nowadays, American parents have to pay more to send their children to college. 1. (A) For many university graduates ，the jobs they take will not be related to their academic achievements.
(B) Because of economic recession, the number of university students majoring in liberal arts is declining.
(C) University students who are interested in liberal arts will have more job opportunities upon graduation.
(D) With high unemployment rate, many university students will have to opt for transferring to other majors.
8. (A) Good business negotiators will never repeat what other people have already restated.
(B) Restating by good business negotiators is not an effective way to check the information.
(C) Good business negotiators are sometimes curious about other people" s
restatements.
have said is a good strategy for confirming understanding.
9. (A) We cannot reach an agreement, let alone a spoken promise.
(B) We'd better draft and then sign a written agreement.
(C) We generally keep our promises in business transactions.
(D) We hope you understand why we are unable to keep our promises.
(A) I don" t think you have more to say on that topic.
I think we'd better talk about that in detail sometime later.
2. Talks and Conversations
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations After each of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions ONLY ONCE. When you hear a question, read the four choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
Questions 11-14
(A) Two (B) Three (C) Four (D) Five
(A) A profit-making private school.
A non-profit-making independent school.
A state school that is funded by non-governmental sources.
A secondary school that is open to the majority of British students.
(A) Many children are no longer placed in schools according to their academic
abilities.
(B) Many children can afford to study in private schools, as they become part of the state system.
(C) Children from wealthy families no longer choose to go and study in public schools.
(D) Cleverer children will be sent to the best private schools in the country for a better development.
14. (A) Clever and less bright children will mix well with each other.
(B) School authorities will receive more funds from the government.
(C) Most students will do well in their entrance examination for the higher education.
(D) Every child will have an equal opportunity to go on to higher education.
Questions 15-18
15. (A) One that is unabridged with detailed definitions.
(B) One that contains fewer words and emphasizes on special words.
(C) One that contains a broad range of words in common usage.
(D) One that spans several volumes and has extensive word histories (D) Restating what others ? \7 \7 o B c D 1 7(\ /(X /v\
I am truly appreciative if you can elaborate on that topic after lunch.
I am busy right now, so we might as well discuss it over lunch today.
1 2 B c D 3
16.(A) The New Oxford Picture Dictionary
(B)The American Heritage Dictionary
(C)The Dictionary of Legal Terms
(D)The Drinking Water Dictionary
17.(A) It lists abbreviations, proper nouns, and tables of measures.
(B)It is an unabridged edition providing as many as 500, 000 entries.
(C)It was randomly compiled and contains as many foreign words as possible.
(D)It provides detailed information of famous people and places.
18.(A) A school dictionary. (B) A college dictionary.
(C) A general dictionary. (D) A specialized dictionary.
Questions 19-22
19.(A) He，s bought his wife a present. (B) He's missed an important phone call.
(C) He，s dismissed his new secretary. (D) He，s popped out shopping.
20.(A) Talking about the latest fashion.
(B)Offering special reductions.
(C)Giving bigger discounts to female customers.
(D)Pressing on the customer to make a decision.
21.(A) Upside down and inside out. (B) Inside out and back to front.
(C) With its sleeves as trouser legs. (D) With its pattern upside down.
22.(A) A V-necked pullover with short sleeves.
(B) A high-necked pullover with long sleeves.
(C) A white pullover with a pattern.
(D) A blue pullover with a high neck.
Questions 23-26
23.(A) That of a creator. (B) That of a re-creator.
(C) That of a receiver. (D) That of a performer.
24.(A) Because we need to concentrate for our quiet thought.
(B)Because we want to give full attention to the driving.
(C)Because we try to avoid being caught by the patrolling police.
(D)Because we intend to be as casual as possible in the driving.
25.(A) In the elevator. (B) In the car.
(C) In the bathroom. (D) In the church.
26.(A) By perceptive and analytical listening.
(B)By taking a sonic bath.
(C)By attending classical concerts.
(D)By listening to an emotional piece of music.
Questions 27-30
27.(A) His grandfather" s house. (B) His parents' remarks.
(C) A magazine. (D) A coursebook.
28.(A) Enjoying visiting zoos. (B) Driving a car.
(C) Making money. (D) Taking kids to a museum.
29.(A) It died a few years ago. (B) It killed several tourists.
(C) It is only a legend. (D) It is a living dinosaur.
30.(A) No one has provided an accurate description of the animal.
(B)No dead bodies of the animal have ever been found.
(C)There are only 500 species living in Loch Ness.
(D)The lake is not deep enough for such a huge animal.
Part C: Listening and Translation
1. Sentence Translation
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in English. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
\7 \)z \7 \7 \!7 12 3 4 5 ?
Passage Translation
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
You may take notes while you are listening.
(1)
(2) We are moving inexorably into the age of automation. Our aim is not to devise a mechanism which can perform a thousand different actions of any individual man but, on the contrary, one which could by a single action replace a thousand men.
Indus trial automation has moved along three lines. First there is the conveyor belt system of continuous production whereby separate operations are linked into a single sequence. The goods produced by this well-established method are untouched by the worker, and the machine replaces both unskilled and semiskilled. Secondly, there is automation with feedback control of the quality of the product: here mechanisms are built into the system which can compare the output with a norm, that is, the actual product with what it is supposed to be, and then correct any shortcomings. The entire cycle of operations dispenses with human control except in so far as monitors are concerned. One or two examples of this type of automation will illustrate its immense possibilities. There is a factory in the U.S.A, which makes 1, 000 million electrie light bulbs a year, and the factory employs three hundred people. If the preautomation techniques were to be employed, the labour force required would leap to 25, 000. A motor manufacturing company with 45, 000 spare parts regulates their entire supply entirely by computer. Computers can be entrusted with most of the supervision of industrial installations, such as chemical plants or oil refineries. Thirdly, there is computer automation, for banks, accounting departments, insurance companies and the like. Here the essential features are the recording, storing, sorting and retrieval of information.
The principal merit of modern computing machines is the achievement of their vastly greater speed of operation by comparison with unaided human effort; a task which otherwise might take years, if attempted at all, now takes days or hours.
One of the most urgent problems of industrial societies rapidly introducing automation is how to fill the time that will be made free by the machines which will take over the tasks of the workers. The question is not simply of filling empty time but also of utilizing the surplus human energy that will be released. We are already seeing straws in the wind: destructive outbursts on the part of youth whose work no longer demands muscular strength. While automation will undoubtedly do away with a large number of tedious jobs, are we sure that it will not put others which are equally tedious in their place? For an enormous amount of sheer monitoring will be required. A man in an automated plant may have to sit for hours on and watching dials and taking decisive action when some signal informs him that all is not well. What meaning will his occupation bear for the worker? How will he devote his free time after a four or five hour stint of labour? Moreover, what, indeed, will be the significance for him of his leisure? If industry of the future could be purged of its monotony and meaninglessness, man would then be better equipped to use his leisure time constructively.
16.The main purpose of automation is _____________ .
(A)to devise the machine which could replace the semi-skilled
(B)to process information as fast as possible
(C)to develop an efficient labor-saving mechanism
(D)to make an individual man perform many different actions
17.The chief benefit of computing machines is _____________ ?
(A)their greater speed of operation
(B)their control of the product quality
(C)their conveyor belt system of continuous production
(D)their supervision of industrial installations
18.One of the problems brought about by automation in industrial societies
is _________ .
(A)plenty of information
(B)surplus human energy
(C)destructive outbursts
(D)less leisure time
19.Which of the following best explains the use of ' stint" (para. 4)?
(A)Effort.
(B)Force.
(C)Excess.
(D)Period.
20.According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
(A)There is no automation with feedback control of the quality of the product.
(B)Computers are reliable in any supervision of industrial installations.
(C)The essential features for banks are the recording and sorting of information.
(D)Automation will undoubtedly eliminate numerous tedious jobs. Questions 21-25
The city water pipes in Rome were usually of baked clay or lead; copper was sometimes used and also hollowed stone. For the large supply conduits leading to the city the Romans used covered channels with free water surfaces, rather than pipes. Perhaps this choice was a matter of economics, for apparently they could make lead pipes up to 15 inches in diameter. While pipes can follow the profile of undulating ground, with the pressure increasing in the lower areas, channels cannot. They must slope continuously downwards, because water in channels does not normally flow uphill; and the grade must be flat, from 1 in 60 in small channels to perhaps 1 in 3, 000 in large ones, to keep the water speed down to a few feet per second. Thus the main supply channels or aqueducts had long lengths of flat grade and where they crossed depressions or valleys they were carried on elevated stone bridges in the form of tiered arches. At the beginning of the Christian era there were over 30 miles of these raised aqueducts in the 250 miles of channels and tunnels bringing water to Rome. The channels were up to 6 feet wide and 5 to 8 feet high. Sometimes channels were later added on the tops of existing ones. The remains of some of these aqueducts still grace the skyline on the outskirts of Rome and elsewhere in Europe similar ruins are found.
Brick and stone drains were constructed in various parts of Rome. The oldest existing one is the Cloaca Maxima which follows the course of an old stream. It dates back at least to the third century B. C. Later the drains were used for sewage, flushed by water from the public baths and fountains, as well as street storm run-off.
The truly surprising aspect of the achievements of all the ancient hydraulic artisans is the lack of theoretical knowledge behind their designs. Apart from the hydrostatics of Archimedes, there was no sound understanding of the most elementary principles of fluid behaviour. Sextus Frontinus, Rome，s water commissioner around A. D. 100, did not fully realize that in order to calculate the volume rate of flow in a channel it is necessary to allow for the speed of the flow as well as the area of cross-section. The Romans' flow standard was the rate at which water would flow through a bronze pipe roughly 4/3 inch in diameter and 9 inches long. When this pipe was connected to the side of a water-supply pipe or channel as a delivery outlet, it was assumed that the outflow was at the standard rate. In fact, the amount of water delivered depended not only on the cross-sectional area of the outlet pipe but also on the speed of water flowing through it and this speed depended on the pressure in the supply pipe.
21.The Romans used all of the following to make water pipes EXCEPT______________ ?
(A)earth (B) wood (C) copper (D) stone
22.Covered channels were used instead of pipes to supply large quantities of
water probably because ___________ ?
(A)the Romans could build them more cheaply
(B)these channels could follow uneven ground more easily
(C)the Romans could not build large pipes
(D)these channels avoided rapid changes of pressure
23.The use of ' grace" in line 15 suggests that the aqueducts today are
_____________ ?
(A) hideous (B) divine (C) useful (D) attractive
24.In order to calculate the volume of water flowing through a pipe, it is important to know its speed and ___________ ?
(A) the area across the end of the pipe (B) the length of the pipe
(C) the water pressure in the pipe (D) the level from which the water falls
25.The main subject of the passage is concerned essentially with _______________ ?
(A)the classical scientific achievements
(B)the theoretical Greek hydrostatics
(C)the ancient Roman hydraulic system
(D) the early European architectural designing
Questions 26-30
Every day of our lives we are in danger of instant death from small high-speed missiles from space-the lumps of rocky or metallic debris which continuously bombard the Earth. The chances of anyone actually being hit, however, are very low, although there are recorded instances of ，stones from the sky' hurting people, and numerous accou nts of damage to buildings and other objects. At nigh t this extra terrestrial mat erial can be seen as ' fireballs' or ，shooting stars', burning their way through our atmosphere. Most ， on reaching our atmosphere, become completely vaporised.
The height above ground at which these objects become sufficiently heated to be visible is estimated to be about 60-100 miles. Meteorites that have fallen on buildings have sometimes ended their long lonely space voyage incongruously under beds, inside flower pots or even, in the case of one that landed on a hotel in North Wales, within a chamber pot. Before the era of space exploration it was confidently predicted that neither men nor space vehicles would survive for long outside the protective blanket of the Earth" s atmosphere. It was thought that once in space they would be seriously damaged as a result of the incessant downpour of meteorites falling towards our planet at the rate of many millions every day. Even the first satellites showed that the danger from meteorites had been greatly overestimated by the pessimists, but although it has not happened yet, it is certain that one day a spacecraft will be badly damaged by a meteorite.
The greatest single potential danger to life on Earth undoubtedly comes from outside our planet. Collision with another astronomical body of any size or with a ' black hole" could completely destroy the Earth almost instantly. Near misses of bodies larger than or comparable in size to our own planet could be equally disastrous to mankind as they might still result in totai or partial disruption. If the velocity of impact were high, collision with even quite small extraterrestrial bodies might cause catastrophic damage to the Earth" s atmosphere, oceans and outer crust and thus produce results inimical to life as we know it. The probability of collision with a large astronomical body from outside our Solar System is extremely low, possibly less than once in the lifetime of an average star. We know, however, that our galaxy contains great interstellar dust clouds and some astronomers have suggested that there might also be immense streams of meteorite matter in space that the Solar system may occasionally encounter. Even if we disregard this possibility, our own Solar system itself contains a great number of small astronomical bodies, such as the minor planets or asteroids and the comets, some with eccentric orbits that occasionally bring them close to the Earth's path.
26. According to the writer, the Earth is being continuously bombarded by
(A) big bright stars from space (B) (C) (D) 27.
⑷
(B)
(C)
(D) man-made space vehicles great interstellar dust clouds small high-speed pieces of
rock from space The word "vaDorised" (para. 1) means ?
turned from stones into missiles turned from a fireball into black turned from a
solid into a gas turned from meteors into shooting stars 28.
space? ⑷ (B) (C) (D) Why was it once thought that no spacecraft would survive for very long in People believed
that spacecraft would be destroyed in a black hole. People believed
that spacecraft would be misguided by missiles. People believed that spacecraft would be collided with a star.
People believed that spacecraft would be damaged by meteorites.
29.⑷(B) (0 (D)What is the greatest danger to life on Earth? Collision with small high-speed missiles. Collision with an astronomical body.
Collision with stones from the sky.
Collision with spacecrafts.
30.⑷
(B)
(C)
(D)According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? Our galaxy contains great interstellar dust clouds.
Near misses of bodies smaller than our own planet could be disastrous. The probability of collision with a large astronomical body is very high. The chances of anyone actually being hit by missiles are very high.
SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes)
Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET?
The culture of any society is usually thought to be of two kinds: material and nonmaterial. Material culture includes the man-made phenomena which have physical properties such as height, breadth, and weight. A boat, a machine, a house-all these objects are part of the material culture. The nonmaterial culture is that portion of the environment which surrounds man and which has an impact on his behavior but which lacks these material properties: values, beliefs, traditions, and all the other habits and ideas invented and acquired by man as a member of society.
Contemporary sociological theory tends to assign primary importance to the nonmaterial culture in choosing problems for study. It assumes, for example, that boats, planes, automobiles, and so forth, are not nearly so important as the traditions we have developed which make their manufacture possible-indeed， which prescribe how we are to use them. The emphasis of contemporary sociology is to insist that the material culture would not exist had not the nonmaterial culture first been available to suggest the ideas which are embodied in the inventions of mat erial culture.
SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST (2) (30 minutes)
Directions: Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
进入耶鲁大学的校园，看到莘莘学子青春洋溢的脸庞，呼吸着书香浓郁的空气，我不由回想起40年前在北京清华大学度过的美好时光。当年老师们对我的教诲，同学们给我的启发，我至今仍受用不尽。
耶鲁大学以悠久的发展历史、独特的办学风格、卓著的学术成就闻名于世。如果时光能够倒流几十年，我真希望成为你们中的一员。耶鲁大学校训强调追求光明和真理，这符合人类进步的法则，也符合每个有志青年的心愿。
参考答案：
SECTION ONE： LISTENING TEST
PART A SPOT DICTATION
1.the trend
2.cancer and heart disease
3.similar and a reviving jolt
4. a long tradition
5.at 5 o' clock
6.smiling hostess
I.disturbed
8.deserve to be shot
9.do adore
10.down the wash basin
II.breakfast
12.Then, after lunch
13.at night
14.following circumstances
15.exhausted
16.Before you go out
17.for some time
18.follow my example
19.cups of black coffee
20.most unusual drinks
PART B LISTENING COMPREHENSION
Statements:
1-5 CCBDC
6-10 DADBB
L&C 11-14 CBAD
15-18 CBAD
19-22 DCBA
23-26 CBDA
27-30 CADB
PART C LISTENING AND TRANSLATIONG
Sentence translation
1.昨天我们过的很愉快。我们先去了情人港（达令港）吃午饭，然后开车在悉尼市内兜风，看了看这个城市。
2.中国经济明年预计增长超过8%,大多数投资专家都对明年的经济形势表示非常乐观。
3.尽管身边环境过于拥挤，且工作时间过长，带来很大压力，但日本的男性普遍寿命都达到75岁，而女性平均寿命达81岁。
4.虽然工程师们无法确定，新计划是否会有效，但它看起来是解决问题的好方法，至少书面上看起来是这样。
5.很多美国的高中生在考试中作弊。在我们最近调査的八千名学生中，70%的学生承认在最近一学年中至少做过一次作弊。
Passage translation
1.自从我父母离婚之后，我从一个被宠坏的孩子，转变成了一个通情达理的大学生。在父母离婚前，我认为母亲就应该服侍我。母亲为我洗衣服，做饭，洗碗，甚至还为我铺床。我15岁时父亲离开了我们，然后一切都变了。母亲找了份全职工作来供养我们，我就成了那个有时间来做家务的人。同时，我还在周末做兼职来挣自己的零花钱。生活不易，但我很高兴自己不再是那个被宠坏的孩子了。
2.与政府存在合约关系的美国公司经常面临这样的选择，究竟购买价格昂贵的美国产的产品，还是价格低廉的外国出产的产品。如果某公司选择购买美国产品，可能会因为未能把价格压低而激怒纳税人。但如果购买外国产品，则可能让美国工人面临失去工作的危险。最近，美国国会通过法律，勒令与政府签过合同的美国公司优先考虑本国产品和服务。
SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS
I- 5 B D D C A 6-10 A B D B C
II-15 B D C D C 16-20 C A B D D
21-25 B A D A C 26-30 D C D B A
［导读］2010年9月中级口译英译汉考试真题及答案
The economic system of the United States is principally one of private ownership. In this system, consumers, producers and government make economic decisions on a daily basis, mainly through the price system. The dynamic interaction of these three groups makes the economic function. The markets primary force, however, is the interaction of producers and consumers; hence the "market economy" designation.
美国的经济体制主要是一种私有制。在这一体制下，消费者.生产者和政府通过价格体系，每天都会做出经济决策。这三方的互动行使着经济职能。然而，市场的主要力量是生产者和消费者之间的相互作用，“市场经济”之名也正是由此而来。
As a rule, consumers look for the best values for what they spend while producers seek the best price and profit for what they have to sell. Government, at the federal, state, and local level, seeks to promote public security, assure reasonable competition, and provide a range of services believed to be better performed by public rather than private enterprises.
一般来说，消费者追求的是消费后所获价值的最大化，而生产者则是追求其所售物品的最理想价格和最大利润。而中央政府.州政府和地方政府则是希望促进公共安全，保证正当竞争以及提供各项服务。人们一般会认为这些服务由政府执行会比由私人企业执行效果好。
Generally, there are three kinds of enterprises: single-owner operated businesses,
partnerships and corporations. The first two are important, but it is the latter structure that best permits the amassing of large sums of money by combining the investments of many people who, as stockholders, can buy and sell their shares of the business at any time on the open market. Corporations make large-scale enterprises possible.
总体而言，企业分为三类：个体私营企业、合资企业和股份公司。前两者很重要，但只有最后一种能够最大程度地将众多投资人的投资集合起来，进行大规模融资。而这些投资人作为股东，可以在公开的市场上买卖他们的企业份额。股份公司制使得大型企业成为可能。
解析
本次翻译仍是考查经济类话题。对于此类话题的一些固定词汇，大家在平时要做好积累。文章第一段论述美国的经济体制。这一段中要注意的是system这一单词的翻译。economic system含义较广，我们可以将之翻译为经济体制，而price system则是位于经济体制下的内容，因此可以译为价格体系。
第二段论述经济环芦中的三方面：生产者、消费者和政府各自的目的。本段需要注意的是一个被动语态的翻译：“and provide a range of services believed to be better performed by public rather than private enterprises."此句由于过长，很难和主句合并为一句话，可以拆分为两个句子进行翻译。
第三段将企业进行分类，并重点论述股份公司这种模式在大规模融资上的优势。这一段需要注意的是一个定语从句的翻译："the investments of many people who, as stockholders, can buy and sell their shares of the business at any time on the open market"?由于很难和主句融为一句，我们也是需要运用拆句法进行翻译。
2010年3月中级口译真题
SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (45 minutes)
Part A: Spot Dictation
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.
The Internet is an excellent source for finding many types of information and for keeping up with new developments in the world. Today, an ever increasing number of people are using the Internet to (1) related information, conduct business, or personal activities, access electronic
databases, send e-mail, and network with relatives, ______ (2). Frequently referred to as the Information Super Highway, the Internet is actually a network of ______ (3). You may
think of the Internet as analogous to the ________ (4), Just as the inter-state system connects to different cities via _______ (5)，the Internet connects computers around the world via a number
of different __________ (6). At the most basic level, a computer, a modem, and a right type
of ________ (7 can get a person onto the Internet. Through the Internet you can access massive amounts of information by _______ (8) that are linked together.
Gen erally speaking, two types of information are _______ (9), are the most useful for people ?
That is ,conversational resources, and ________ (10).
Conversational resources allow users to have conversations with individuals ________ (11). Mailing lists and news groups are ________ (12) of conversational resources. Mailing lists
include electronic mail, whereby the user _________ (13), send to any other individual, or group
of individuals, who have subscribed by having their name and electronical________ (14) placed
on the center^ list of addresses?
News groups are essentially electronic _______ (15). Any one with Internet access can
_________ (16) to the board, and any one with Internet access can read the board.
The reference resources you ________ (17) are the World Wide Web(www) or the web for short. The web uses HTML(hypertext markup language) to ________ (18), sound, graphics and video.
Of course, you need browsers to view documents, and ________ (19)through the intricate links structure? The most _____ (20) browser is the Microsoft Internet Explorer.
Part B: Listening Comprehension
1. Statements
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper; so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
2.Talks and Conversations
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations. After each of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions ONLY ONCE. When you hear a question, read the four answer choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
Part C: Listening and Translation
1. Sentence Translation
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in English. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. (1)
⑵
⑶
⑷
(5)
2. Passage Translation
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.
SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS (45 minutes)
Directions: In this section, you will read several passages. Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
Questions 1-5
On Saturday mornings I worked in the family shop. I started cycling down to the shop with Dad on Saturday as soon as I was big enough. I thought of it as giving him a hand and so I didn't mind what I did, although it was mostly just fetching and canying at a run all morning. I managed not to think of it as work and I looked forward to the bar of chocolate my grandmother passed me unsmilingly as I left. I tried not to look at her; I had reason to feel guilty because Fd generally already eaten some dried fruits or a sliver of cheese when no one was looking. As soon as I was fifteen, though, Dad said, "That's it, our Janet. You're of working age now and you're not coming to work unless your grandmother pays you properly/ He did his best to make his chin look determined. "I shall speak to her?9
The next Saturday, Gran called me into her little office behind the shop. I always hated going in there. She had an electric heater on full blast, and the windows were always kept tightly closed whatever the weather. There were piles of dusty catalogues and brochures on the floor. "You^re wanting to get paid, I hear," Gran said. "Yes, please/51 replied. It was rather like visiting the head mistress at school, so I was very quiet and respectful. Gran searched through the mess of papers on her crowded desk, sighing and clicking her tongue. Eventually she produced an official-looking leaflet and ran her fingers along the c olumns of figures. "How old are you?” "Fifteen ... Gran/' I added for extra politeness, but she looked at me as if I had been cheeky.
"Full-timers at your age get two hundred and forty pounds for a thirty-five-hour week,” she announced in such a way as to leave no doubt that she wasrf t in favour of this. “No wonder there9s no profit in shopkeeping! So, Janet, what^s that per hour?" Question like that always flustered me. Instead of trying to work them out in my head, I would just stand there unable to thin k straight. "Fll get a pencil and paper,” I offered. “Don't bother/5 snapped Gran angrily, 'Til do it myself Fll give you 6 pounds an hour; take it or leave itj "Fll take it, please/ “And I expect real work for it, mind. No standing about, and if I catch you eating any of the stock, therein be trouble. That's theft, and it，s a crime/5
From then on, my main job at the shop was filling the shelves. This was dull, but I hardly expected to be trusted with handling the money. Once or twice, however, when Dad was extra busy, Fd tried to help him by serving behind the counter. I hated it It was very difficult to remember the prices of everything and I was particularly hopeless at using the till. Certain customers made unkind remarks about this, increasing my confusion and the chances of making a fool of myself.
It was an old-established village shop, going back 150 years at least and it was really behind the times even then. Dad longed to be able to make the shop more attractive to customers, but Gran wouldn't hear of it. I overheard them once arguing about whether to buy a freezer cabinet. "Our customers want frozen food,” Dad said. "They see things advertised and if they can't get them from us, they511 go elsewhere】"Your father always sold fresh food,” Gran replie d. "People come here for quality, they don't want all that frozen stuff.^
1.How did Janet feel when she first started her Saturday morning job?
(A)She enjoyed the work that she was given.
(B)She was pleased to be helping her father.
(C)She wonied that she was not doing it well.
(D)She was only really interested in the reward.
2.What do we learn about her grandmother^ office in the second paragraph?
(A)It was untidy.
(B)It was dark.
(C)It needed decorating.
(D)It had too much furniture in it. 3
(A)bored
(B)angered
3 The word "flustered5" (para. 2) means ______ .
(C)confused
(D)depressed
4.What did Janet，s father and grandmother disagree about?
(A)How to keep their customers loyal to the shop.
(B)The type of advertising needed to attract customers.
(C)The type of customers they wanted to attract.
(D)How to get new customers to come to the shop.
5.What impression do we get of Janet's feelings towards her grandmother?
(A)She respected her fairness.
(B)She doubted her judgment<
(C)She disliked her manner.
(D)She admired her determination.
Questions 6-10
Many trees in the Brackham area were brought down in the terrible storms that March. The town itself lost two great lime trees from the former market square. The disappearance of such prominent features had altered the appearance of the town centre entirely, to the annoyance of its more conservative inhabitants.
Among the annoyed, under more normal circumstances, would have been Chief Inspector Douglas Pelham, head of the local police force. But at the height of that week^s storm, when the winds brought down even the mature walnut tree in his garden, Pelham had in fact been in no fit state to notice. A large and healthy man, he had for the first time in his life been seriously ill with an attack of bronchitis.
When he first complained of an aching head and tightness in his chest, his wife, Molly, had tried to persuade him to go to the doctor. Convinced that the police force could not do without him, he had, as usual, ignored her and attempted to carry on working. Predictably, though he wouldn?t have listened to anyone who tried to tell him so, this has the effect of fogging his memory and shortening his temper.
It was only when his colleague, Sergeant Lloyed, took the initiative and drove him to the doctor's door that he finally gave in. By that time, he didn't have the strength left to argue with her. In no time at all, she was taking him along to the chemist4 5 6s to get his
4 What do we learn about Chief Inspector Pelham and his work, from the third paragraph?
prescribed antibiotics and then home to his unsurprised wife who sent him straight to bed.
When Molly told him, on the Thursday morning, that the walnut tree had been brought down during the night, Pelham hadn^t been able to take it in. On Thursday evening, he had asked weakly about damage to the house, groaned thankfully when he heard there was none, and pulled the sheets over his head.
It wasrTt until Saturday, when the antibiotics took effect, his temperature dropped and he got up, that he realised with a shock that the loss of the walnut tree had made a permanent difference to the appearance of the living-room. The Pelhams9 large house stood in a sizeable garden. It had not come cheap, but even so Pelham had no regrets about buying it. The leafy garden had created an impression of privacy. Now, though, the storm had changed his outlook.
Previously, the view from the living-room had featured the handsome walnut tree. This has not darkened the room because there was also a window on the opposite wall, but it had provided interesting patterns of light and shade that disguised the true state of the worn furniture that the family had brought with them from their previous house.
With the tree gone, the room seemed cruelly bright, its worn furnishings exposed in all their shabbiness. And the view from the window didn^t bear looking at. The tall house next door, previously hidden by the tree, was now there, dominating the outlook with its unattractive purple bricks and external pipes. It seemed to have a great many upstairs windows, all of them watching the Pelhams，every movement.
“Doesn't it look terrible?” Pelham croaked to his wife.
But Molly, standing in the doorway, sounded more pleased than dismayed. "That's what Fve been telling you ever since we came here. We have to buy a new sofa, whatever it costs]
6.Why were some people in Brackham annoyed after the storm?
(A)The town looked different.
(B)The police had done little to help.
(C)No market could be held.
(D)Fallen trees had not been removed.
(B)He was sure that he fulfilled a vital role in his work.
(C)He considered the police systems not efficient.
(D)He did not trust the decisions made by his superiors.
(A)He found his work extremely annoying.
8.When Inspector Pelhanfs wife first told him about the walnut tree, he appeared to be ?
(A)worried
(B)shocked
(C)saddened
(D)uninterested
9.As a result of the storm, the Pelhams9 living-room _______ .
(A)was pleasantly lighter
(B)felt less private
(C)had a better view
(D)was in need of repair
10.From what we learn of Inspector Pelham, he could best be described as
■
(A)open-minded
(B)well-liked
(C)warm?hearted
(D)strong-willed
Questions 11-15
A team of world-leading neuro-scientists has developed a powerful technique that allows them to look deep inside a personas brain and read their intentions before they act. The research breaks controversial new ground in scientists9 ability to probe people's minds and eavesdrop on their thoughts, and raises serious ethical issues over how brain-reading technology may be used in the future. The team used high-resolution brain scans to identify patterns of activity before translating them into meaningful thoughts, revealing what a person planned to do in the near future. It is the first time scientists have succeeded in reading intentions in this way.
“Using the scanner, we could look around the brain fo r this information and read out something that from the outside thereno way you could possibly tell is in there. It's like shining a torch around, looking for writing on a wall," said John-Dylan Haynes at the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences in Germany, who led the study with colleagues at University College London and Oxford University.
The research builds on a series of recent studies in which brain imaging has been used to identify tell-tale activity linked to lying, violent behaviour and racial prejudice. The latest work reveals the dramatic pace at which neuro-science is progressing, prompting the researchers to call for an urgent debate into the ethical issues surrounding future uses for the technology.
If brain-reading can be refined, it could quickly be adopted to assist interrogations of criminals and terrorists, and even usher in a "Minority Report^ era (as portrayed in the Steven Spielberg science fiction film of that name), where judgments are handed down before the law is broken on the strength of an incriminating brain scan.
“These techniques are emerging and we need an ethical debate about the implications, so that one day we're not surprised and overwhelmed and caught on the wrong foot by what they can do. These things are going to come to us in the next few years and we should really be prepared/' Professor Haynes said. The use of brain scanners to judge whether people are likely to commit crimes is a contentious issue that society should tackle now, according to Hayn es. “We see the danger that this might become compulsory one day, but we have to be aware that if we prohibit it, we are also denying people who aren^t going to commit any crime the possibility of proving their innocence.^
During the study, the researchers asked volunteers to decide whether to add or subtract two numbers they were later shown on a screen. Before the numbers flashed up, they were given a brain scan using a technique called functional magnetic imaging resonance. The researchers then used a software that had been designed to spot subtle differences in brain activity to predict the personas intentions with 70 percent accuracy.
Because brains differ so much, the scientists need a good idea of what a person，s brain activity looks like when they are thinking something to be able to spot it in a scan, but researchers are already devising ways of deducing what patterns are associated with different thoughts.
11.According to the passage, the brain-reading technology can be used ______ ?
(A)to eavesdrop on potential criminals and terrorists.
(B)to probe peopled minds and read their intentions.
(C)to design a software to spot subtle differences in brain activity.
(D)to suppress activities linked to lying, violence and discrimination.
12.Which of the following words can best describe the research on the brain scan?
(A)Ethical.
(B)Powerful.
(C)Compulsory.
(D)Groundbreaking.
13.What should people do before brain scans are to be put into practical use?
(A)Mobilize adequate resources.
(B)Resolve controversial issues.
(C)Improve the scanners accuracy.
(D)Identify different brain activities.
14.The word “this” in the sentence "We see the danger that this might become compulsory one day, (para. 5) refers to _________ .
(A)the use of brain scanners
(B)the prohibition of brain scanners
(C)warning people who are likely to commit crimes
(D)denying people the possibility of proving their innocence
15.How did neuroscientists manage to detect different brain activities of people?
(A)Flashing them up on a screen.
(B)Deducing varying patterns.
(C)Using a designed software.
(D)Predicting their intentions.
Questions 16-20
Why bankrupt yourself in a so-called old peopled home? Try a health spa一it might actually be cheaper.
Sometimes I see old ladies shuffling along the pavement with their sticks, Zimmer frames for greater support, swollen ankles, backs bent, fingers clutching at the small bag of shopping for one, and I think: “There goes my future/9
But perhaps it need not be like that. Instead of bankrupting oneself or the state with the increasingly high cost of home care or an old peopled home, why not try a health spa instead?
My friend Rosemary has just returned from a five-day visit to one of these health farms, which she thought might aid her recovery from her heart attack.
It wasn^t exactly her cup of tea, she said: a sort of mix between mall shopping and a Saga cruise, “with the same awful whirlpools, people waiting about half-clothed, and loads of boutiques selling odd things-
It would have been more beneficial had she not foolishly tried yoga and lay on the floor trying to breathe. One should not do this after a heart attack.
Rosemary soon felt clammy and sick, sat on a chair, and then, even more foolishly, raised her arms above her head and nearly flaked out. So she staggered to the smoking room, now hidden away in a distant chalet behind the lawn because despite a tremendous struggle, she hasit quite managed to give up completely yet.
But the food was fabulous, the grounds were heavenly, and there were hordes of charming young staff, and loads of free activities, not all strenuous. Rosemary was able to do blessed little for five days and she did have a lovely rest一perfect if one is old and fairly helpless.
When my mother was alive, I took her to both Rosemary's health spa and a local care home. It wasn’t a nursing home一my mother was able to wash and dress herself and move about一but entertainment and activities were minimal and the food was grim: the customary dried chicken legs and bits of quiche and white bread ham sandwiches for supper.
This wretched place cost exactly the same as the health spa. How can the spa do it for that price and also manage respect for guests, fabulous food and attractive suiToundings? We just can^t work it out:.
16.What does the author mean when she thinks "There goes my future?9 (para. 2)?
(A)The same is true of her future.
(B)Her future might be worse.
(C)She doesn't have much of a future.
(D)She can^t tell what her future holds for her.
17.In the author^ eyes, why did her friend Rosemary benefit less in the health spa?
(A)Because she did her mall shopping instead.
(B)Because she reverted to her old habit of smoking.
(C)Because she did physical exercise not suitable for her.
(D)Because she stayed there for a span of five days-
18.The authors high opinion of the health spa is based on ______ .
(A)her own experience
(B)her friend Rosemary's experience
(C)her mother's experience
(D)both Rosemary's and her mother^ experiences
19? According to the passage, which of the following can be found in a care home?
(A)Loads of boutiques.
(B)Lots of free activities.
(C)Charming young staff.
(D)Poor-quality food.
20? It can be inferred from the passage that _____ ?
(A)Rosemary will revisit the health spa and stay there longer for recovery
(B)a care home is not as attractive as the health spa
(C)the health spa is more to the taste of old ladies than to old men
(D)the health spa cannot manage itself long term with its lower price
Questions 21-25
The latest gloomy news from journalism's battered front lines is that the prestigious New York Times (NYT) is laying off 100 staff. Paper-and-ink newspapers are in deep trouble, there's no doubt about that. But the NYT, as comprehensive as its news coverage sometimes is, is hardly in a position to offer the real story on its current woes, anymore than a psychoanalyst is able to objectively analyze him or herself
What^s bad for the NYT is not necessarily bad for journalism any more than what is good for the NYT is necessarily good for journalism. But with more than 100 newspapers closing down last year, troubles at the NYT can be seen in a general perspective as part of a trend. With advertising revenue plummeting, and real estate losing value by the hour, the NYT is in a free fall accelerated in part by its own greed.
As newspapers flap about trying to breathe another day, Internet news aggregators soar, circling above like birds of prey for whom the shifting tide is an opportunity waiting to be picked. Internet delivery of news is infinitely faster and more flexible. It saves millions of trees from the paper pulp mill and cuts down on the need for noisy delivery trucks and back-bwaking labor, so what，s not to like about it?
For a brief fleeting momeconsumers can have their cake and eat it too. Newspapers do the heavy lifting, while Internet news sites spread the information around for free, “lite” and easy.
But who will write the news when the newspapers are gone? Who are the new news gatekeepers? The Internet makes us rather too dependent on terminals and telephone
1997.9 上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试 参考答案: SECTION1:LISTENING TEST Part A: Spot Diction 1. feel healthy 2. content 3. on average 4. six minutes 5. laugh more 6. 400 times 7. adulthood 8. growing up 9. effects of laughter 10. blood and stomach 11. physical exercises 12. facial and stomach 13. jogging 14. pain relief 15. forty university students 16. funny cassette 17. intended to relax 18. tolerate the discomfort 19. humour 20. immune system Part B: Listening Comprehension 1-5 B D C A D 6-10 D D C B B 11-15 B D A A C 16-20 D A B A D 21-25 B D C A C 26-30 D A C B C Part C: Listening and Translation Ⅰ.Sentence Translation 1.这类独特的酒被认为是世界上最好的一种酒。 2.由于他打算扩店，他开价要买下隔壁的房产。 3.我再也不准备容忍你的无能。你被开除了。 4.会上有人提议在委员会里应该有一位教工代表。 5.“广告”这个词最简单的涵义就是“让某事物引起他人注意”。或者“将某事物告知某人”。 Ⅱ.Passage Translation 1. 请各位注意，图书馆马上就要关门了。请把参考书放回原处，如果要外借备用书籍以 便当夜使用，现在可以办理（手续），多谢各位合作。 2. 30年前，我还是个小孩子的时候，我父亲曾安排我去乡下一个农场过了两个暑假。他 认为那对我有好处，他是对的。那使我懂得了不少有关自立的重要意义。那地方非常偏僻，农场主的地位当时肯定已是二十出头的女儿说她从未离开过家门，也未见过火车。
第二单元接待口译Interpreting for Reception Service 2-1 机场迎宾Greeting at the Airport 人力资源部经理：manager of Human Resources. Top-notch: 顶尖的 能够成行：make it 不辞辛苦：in spite of the tiring trip 百忙中抽空：take time from busy schedule run into a storm:下暴雨 Be held up: 耽搁clear up:天气转好 Attending service：服务倒时差：get over the jet-lag 行李齐了：get all the luggage 下榻宾馆：take sb.to the hotel 设宴洗尘：host a reception in one’s honor 总裁：chairman 杂技表演：acrobatic show 2-2 宾馆入住Hotel Accommodation Check-in: 登记住宿预定房间：have a reservation with 确认函：confirmation letter travel agency：旅行社 Itinerary：行程表accommodation：住宿 双人间：double room 豪华套房：a deluxe suite 8折优惠价：have a good rate with 20% off morning cal：:叫醒 Photo-copy：复印express mail：快递邮件 总台：Front desk 餐饮部：Catering Service 洗熨部：Laundry Service 楼层服务台：Floor Service Desk Fitness exercise：健身教练：coach 2-3 宴会招待Banquet Service 敬业（的专家）：dedicated（experts）contribute one’s share：尽了…责任Maneuver ：机动，演习，策略，调遣大自然所赐予的：Mother Nature grant us Cuisine：菜系色，香，味，形：color，aroma,taste,appearance 食物的质地：raw materials with quality texture 调料：seasonings 原汁原味：original flavor appetizing：引起食欲的 特色点心：special snack 酸甜适口：a sweet and sour sauce 皮薄汁醇：with thin and translucent wrappers and rish tasty soup. 皮脆肉嫩：(with a ) crispy skin and tender meat figure out：想出 好戏还在后头：have more surprises to expect 祝酒：drink to (the health) of sb. 干杯：cheers 2-4 参观访问Getting Around 高科技园区：High-Tech Park 业务经理：operation manager 鸟瞰：take a bird’s eye view of 言归正传：come back to story 走马观花：cast a passing glance at flowers while riding on horsehack 显目审批权：be authorized to approve projects (with) 优惠政策：preferential policies 与国际管理体制接轨：operate under the management system of international standards 跨国公司：multinationals 骨干企业：enterprises of pillar industries 生物技术：biotechnology 高技术产业链：high-tech industry chains 一条龙服务：a stream –lined one-stop service 生态型开发：ecological conservation 可持续发展：sustainable development 绿草成茵：boasts stretches of green grass 流水潺潺：streams murmuring 鸟儿啁啾：birds chirping 四季花香：fragrant flowers blossoming all year round 安保服务：security service
9月中级口译真题+参考答案(4) Questions 16-20 We are moving inexorably into the age of automation. Our aim is not to devise a mechanism which can perform a thousand different actions of any individual man but, on the contrary, one which could by a single action replace a thousand men. Industrial automation has moved along three lines. First there is the conveyor belt system of continuous production whereby separate operations are linked into a single sequence. The goods produced by this well-established method are untouched by the worker, and the machine replaces both unskilled and semiskilled. Secondly, there is automation with feedback control of the quality of the product: here mechanisms are built into the system which can compare the output with a norm, that is, the actual product with what it is supposed to be, and then correct any shortcomings. The entire cycle of operations dispenses with human control except in so far as monitors are concerned. One or two examples of this type of automation will illustrate its immense possibilities. There is a factory in the U.S.A. which makes 1,000 million electric light bulbs a year, and the factory employs three hundred people. If the preautomation techniques were to be employed, the labour force required would leap to 25,000. A motor manufacturing company with 45,000 spare parts regulates their entire supply entirely by computer. Computers can be entrusted with most of the supervision of industrial installations, such as chemical plants or oil refineries. Thirdly, there is computer automation, for banks, accounting departments, insurance companies and the like. Here the essential features are the recording, storing, sorting and retrieval of information. The principal merit of modern computing machines is the achievement of their
历年上海英语翻译中级口译汉译英真题及答案 原文： 越来越多受英文教育的海外华人父母，已经认识到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同时，也通晓中文的重要性。中国的崛起，让他们充分认识到孩子掌握双语的好处——既能增加他们的就业机会，也能让他们接触和熟悉东西方两种不同的文化。 这些人对中文的态度几乎没有完全改变。曾几何时，他们还非常骄傲地宣称自己只懂英文。现在，他们已开始积极支持孩子学习中文和中国文化，而且还不时走访中国，欣赏壮观的自然风光，认识丰富的文化遗产。 译文： An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kids have a good command of Chinese. China’s rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West. They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese. At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only. Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage. 解析： 本段是一篇文化类介绍文章。总体难度一般，以句号结束的句子即可作为一
中级口译翻译绿皮书习题一答案及讲评 TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes) Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Information and communications are central to modem society and organizations. One approach to understand the working environment is to consider an organization as a communications system. An organization that has open lines of communication with valid, honest information going up, down, and throughout the organization will be much more effective and a much better place to work than the organization that attempts to restrict the flow of information or distort and deceive. When leadership attempts to keep workers in the dark, workers tend to become distrustful. This undermines their cooperation. It is easy to understand the value and importance of open, honest communications and valid information. Yet, few organizations are able to function in this manner. In the long run, poor communication will undermine the entire organization. Restricting communication and distorting information are symptoms of short-range thinking. We must avoid these stupid, short-sighted traps and constantly strive for an open communications system with objective information. 分析： ①Information and communications are central to modem society and organizations. 译法：信息和沟通／交流对于现代社会和企业（组织）来说至关重要。 考点：organization 常解释为“公司；企业”或“组织”，这篇文章其实属于Management 板块，应解释为“企业”。 具体译法：成语法：central→ 至关重要 ②One approach to understand the working environment is to consider an organization as a communications system. 译文１：把企业看作是一个沟通体系，这是了解工作环境的方法之一。 译文２：了解工作环境的一个方法是把企业看作是一个沟通体系。
2013年3月上海中级口译考试翻译真题及答案解析汇总 【原文】 朝气蓬勃，充满活力，丰富多彩的上海是现代中国的缩影。虽然上海的文化遗迹不能与北京媲美，但是上海迷人的城市风貌，风格各异的万国建筑为这座城市注入了无限的魅力。今日之上海，已经成为享誉中外的国际大都市。 漫步在这座日新月异的现代大都市里，你会发现许多精彩的历史亮点，隐现在众多摩天大楼背后的是上海发展变化的轨迹。它们记述了上海自十九世纪末开埠以来，尤其是新中国成立以后，是如何迅猛发展的。 【参考译文】 Shanghai is a dynamic, diverse and stimulating city - the very epitome of modern China. Though Shanghai cannot rival Beijing in cultural heritage, its varied architectural styles and cosmopolitan feel give it a charm of its own. Today's Shanghai has become a world-famous international metropolis. A walk through this booming city reveals many glimpses of its colorful past. Hidden amongst the skyscrapers are remains of the original Shanghai. They keep on showing how Shanghai has been developing fast and enormously since its opening as a commercial port in the late 19th century, especially after the founding of new China. 【评析】 该篇翻译属于经典话题，类似于上海城市介绍，考生如果熟悉教材，注意积累相关句型词汇，特别是对“朝气蓬勃、充满活力dynamic, diverse and stimulating、缩影epitome、遗迹heritage、城市风貌cosmopolitan feel、万国建筑varied architectural styles”等常考的表达，应该可以顺利取得高分。 If you’ve ever been on a jury, you might have noticed that a funny thing happens the minute you get behind closed doors. Everybody starts talking about themselves. They say what they would have done if they had been the plaintiff or the defendant. Being on a jury reminds me why I can’t tolerate talk radio. We Americans seem to have lost the ability to talk about anything but our own experiences. We can’t seem to generalize without stereotyping or to consider evidence that goes against our own experience. I heard a doctor on a radio show talking about a study that found that exercise reduces the incidence of Alzheimer’s. And caller after caller couldn’t wait to make essentially the opposite point: “Well, my grandmother never exercised and she lived to 95.”We are in an age summed up by the saying: “I experience, therefore I’m right.”Historically, the hallmarks of an uneducated person were the lack of ability to think critically, to use deductive reasoning to distinguish the personal from the universal. Now that seems an apt description of many Americans. 【参考译文】 如果你曾经当过陪审员，你可能会注意到一件有趣的事情：一旦关上了门，所有人就开始谈论他们自己。他们会讨论，如果自己是原告或被告的话会做什么。担任陪审员的经历让我明白了我为什么无法忍受谈话性的广播节目。我们美国人似乎只剩下了谈论自己经历的能力。我们似乎无法抛开固有的成见进行总结，也无法客观地分析与自身经历相悖的证据。 我曾听过一位医生在之声节目上讲述一项研究，该研究发现锻炼能降低阿兹海默症（老
历年上海英语中级口译翻译英译汉真题及答案 原文： 出自Newsweek Why We Must Fire Bad Teachers The relative decline of American education at the elementary- and high-school levels has long been a national embarrassment as well as a threat to the nation’s future. Once upon a time, American students tested better than any other students in the world. Now, ranked against European schoolchildren, America does about as well as Lithuania, behind at least 10 other nations. For much of this time—roughly the last half century—professional educators believed that if they could only find the right pedagogy, the right method of instruction, all would be well. They tried New Math, open classrooms, Whole Language—but nothing seemed to achieve significant or lasting improvements. Yet in recent years researchers have discovered something that may seem obvious, but for many reasons was overlooked or denied. What really makes a difference, what matters more than the class size or the textbook, the teaching method or the technology, or even the curriculum, is the quality of the teacher. Much of the ability to teach is innate—an ability to inspire young minds as well as control unruly classrooms that some people instinctively possess (and some people definitely do not). Teaching can be taught, to some degree, but not the way many graduate schools of education do it, with a lot of insipid or marginally relevant theorizing and pedagogy. In any case the research shows that within about five years, you can generally tell who is a good teacher and who is not. 我们为什么必须叫停“不称职”的老师?
中口考试流程
整体思路 一句话概括口译听力训练“听得懂、记得住、写得快” 听得懂 复习思路：听力有效词汇量，熟悉背景知识及常考套路，适应各类发音现象 练习内容：VOA，BBC标准语速及类似难度的听抄与跟读练习，昂立教师博客听抄练习，高级口译笔试听力Q6-10新闻题听抄练习 记得住 复习思路：个人笔记习惯训练，属于自己的笔记符号，以复述强化短期记忆 练习内容： * 0709-0309 10套真题中的Spot Dictation＋Sentence/Passage Translation（中级包括statements，高级包括Note-Taking and Gap-Filling） * 听力教程（Statements＋非对话类的篇章＋Sentence/Passage Translation）（中级包括statements） * 昂立版预测试卷（8套） 写得快 复习思路：强化“在规定时间内写下想表达的大意”，熟练，果断 专项练习 Spot Dictation 复习思路：记录单词快速、准确、精炼，熟悉自己的书写习惯，快速誊写 练习内容：真题（10），昂立版预测试卷（8），听力教程（12/16） 评分标准：20题，每题1.5分，共计30分。只对名、动、形、副词直接扣分，其余错误作标记，统一酌情扣1-3分 17％ of the employees (1.5分) 请对以下答案模拟打分： 卷面回答一：70% of the employees 卷面回答二：17% of employee 卷面回答三：17% of the employers 保底分数：70%，21分 潜力指数：★★★★ 重要性指数：★★★★ 对三类单词的不同处理 本身难度较大的词 synthetic fertilizers, lucrative, discernable, obsolete, dismantling不妨放弃
3月中口笔试真题(1) Part A: Spot Dictation Direction: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE. Every human being is fallible; we make mistakes. In America when a mistake has been made, it is considered fitting for the person ________ (1) to acknowledge his or her error and to apologize to anyone who has been inconvenienced. Even ________ (2) are expected to admit their mistakes and apologize for them. Trying to ________ (3) a mistake and denying your guilt are considered to be indicative of serious ________ (4). If you make a mistake that ________ (5) a group of people, a public apology is considered the best method for ________ (6). If the mistake was a serious one, or if some people were inconvenienced more than others, then the ________ should follow the public apology with private ones to ________ (8). It is especially important for executives and company heads to be able to admit their mistakes. Sometimes leaders are afraid that if they ________ (9), they will lose the respect of their employees. Actually ________ (10)—if you are honest with your employees and yourself, ________ (11), and show that you are willing to accept blame when you make a mistake, then your employees will be ________ (12) you. They will also be more likely to admit their own mistakes. If you ________ (13) one person, it is usually best to apologize to that person alone, unless your mistake ________ (14) by a large group of people. For example, if
1上海市英语中级口译证书第二阶段考试试题集锦 (201009) 口语题 Directions: Talk on the following topic for at least 3 minutes. Be sure to make your points clear and supporting details adequate. You should also be ready to answer any questions raised by the examiners during your talk. You need to have your name and registration number recorded. Start your talk with “My name is…”，”My registration number is…” Topic: Can shopping vouchers increase consumption? Questions for Reference: 1.To stimulate consumption, which is more effective, tax reduction or shopping vouchers? 2.What are the major purposes of issuing shopping vouchers? 3.In what way can the shopping vouchers best be distributes? Shall every citizen be given the same amount of shopping vouchers or should the vouchers be limited to the lower-income people only? 口译题 Part A Directions:In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you heard each paragraph, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal…and stop it at the signal…You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. Now let’s begin Part A with the first passage. Passage 1 As for us Americans, you may think that we give too much importance to individualism and personal gains, so much so that it might sacrifice collective benefits, and even bring harm to the harmony of the society.// Yes, but you don’t have to be worried. American work ethic is more individual-oriented. We often value the results and accomplishments of work more than its process.// If I am not mistaken, the traditional Chinese work ethic is based on Confucianism, which stresses the benefit of communal harmony rather than individual freedom.// It’s really very hard to say which is better because if the cultural differences. With the economic globalization, cultural exchanges have become more and more extensive and Americans and Chinese will know and understand each other better. 至于我们美国人，你们会感到我们太看重个人主义，太看重个人利益，这样可能会牺牲集体的利益，甚至会损害社会的和谐。// 是的，但你们不必担忧。我们美国人的工作理念更强调个人主义。我们一般重视的是结果和成就，而不是过程。// 如果我没理解错的话，中国传统的够工作理念是以儒家学说为基础的，这种思想强调整体和谐高于个体自由。// 由于文化差异的存在，真的很难说哪种理念更好。随着经济全球化，文化交流也随之变得越来越广泛，美国人民和中国人民将会更加互相了解和理解。
9月中级口译真题+参考答案(5) SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST （1）（30 minutes） Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. The culture of any society is usually thought to be of two kinds: material and nonmaterial. Material culture includes the man-made phenomena which have physical properties such as height, breadth, and weight. A boat, a machine, a house-all these objects are part of the material culture. The nonmaterial culture is that portion of the environment which surrounds man and which has an impact on his behavior but which lacks these material properties: values, beliefs, traditions, and all the other habits and ideas invented and acquired by man as a member of society. Contemporary sociological theory tends to assign primary importance to the nonmaterial culture in choosing problems for study. It assumes, for example, that boats, planes, automobiles, and so forth, are not nearly so important as the traditions we have developed which make their manufacture possible-indeed, which prescribe how we are to use them. The emphasis of contemporary sociology is to insist that the material culture would not exist had not the nonmaterial culture first been available to suggest the ideas which are embodied in the inventions of material culture. SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST （2）（30 minutes） Directions: Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. 进入耶鲁大学的校园，看到莘莘学子青春洋溢的脸庞，呼吸着书香浓郁的空气，我不由回想起40年前在北京清华大学度过的美好时光。当年老师们对我的教诲，同学们给我的启发，我至今仍受用不尽。
中级口译历年真题--翻译篇 2012年春季（3月） 英译汉原文： When I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation. It was created by a fellow named Stewart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he brought it to life with his poetic touch. This was in the late 1960′s, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and Polaroid cameras. It was sort of like Google in paperback form, 35 years before Google came along: it was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and great notions. Stewart and his team put out several issues of The Whole Earth Catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. It was the mid-1970s, and I was your age. On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. Beneath it we re the words: “Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.” It was their farewell message as they signed off. Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. And I have always wished that for myself. And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you. 英译汉参考译文： 我年轻的时候，有本非常好的杂志《全球目录》，这是我们那代人的“圣经”之一。杂志的创办人是斯图尔特·布兰德，创办地是在离这里不远的门罗公园，他赋予了这本杂志诗一样的美感。六十年代后期，个人电脑和桌面排版尚未出现，所以这本杂志完全利用打字机、剪刀、偏光镜来完成，有点像平装本的谷歌，却出现在谷歌问世三十五年前。这本杂志充满了理想色彩，充满了整齐利落的工具、不同寻常的见解。 斯图尔特和他的团队出版了几期《全球目录》，在它完成使命后，他们出版了最后一期杂志。那是在七十年代中期，那时我和你们的年龄相仿。杂志最后一期的封底上是张清晨的乡村公路的照片，那样的路，如果你有些冒险精神，可能会一路搭车走过。照片下面有两句话：“求知若饥，虚怀若愚”，这是他们停刊的告别语，“求知若饥，虚怀若愚”，我总是以此鼓励自己。现在，当你们即将毕业踏上新的旅程，我给予你们同样的期望。 翻译评析： 这篇短文取自于乔布斯在斯坦福大学毕业典礼上的演讲。语言比较口语化，词汇不难。因为是演讲类短文，所以考生在翻译的时候大可以顺序驱动。节选的这个短文有几处的词汇和短语大家可以注意下： poetic：充满诗情画意的 idealistic: 理想主义的 run his course: 完成使命 hitchhiking: 搭乘 sign off: 停止签发，停止 汉译英： 吸烟之危害，可谓大矣，其严重性是不能低估的。吸烟污染空气，损害健康，使肺癌发病率大大增加。为了使各国人民关注烟草的盛行及预防吸烟导致的疾病和死亡，世界卫生组织已将每年的5月31日定为“世界无烟日”。 瘾君子们说，一天饭不吃可以，一个时辰不抽烟就难捱了，不能戒。只要真正意识到吸烟有百害而无一利，于人于己都是一种祸害，就有可能下决心摆脱烟草的诱惑。戒烟贵在坚持，坚持下去就是收获。 参考译文： Smoking does great harm to human and its gravity should not be underestimated. Smoking pollutes air, damages health, and increases the incidence of lung cancer. To arouse the awareness about the prevalence of tobacco in all the countries and to prevent smoking-induced diseases and deaths, the WHO (World Health Organization) has defined May 31st in every year as World No-Tobacco Day. The tobacco addicts say that smoking is impossible to quit because they could do without meals in a day but would feel tortured without tobacco in two hours. However, when one realizes that smoking is harmful in many ways but beneficial in no way and that it is a curse to others as well