英语二历年自考试卷+答案2000-2007

2000年4月自考英语(二)试题PART ONE

Ⅰ. V ocabulary and Structure（10 points, 1 point for each）从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

1. Almost everything a manager does ________ decisions; indeed, some suggest that the management process is decision making.

[A] imposes [B] improvises [C] involves [D] indicates

2. Astronomers and scientists think that a black hole is a region of space _______ which matter has fallen and ________ which nothing can escape.

[A] towards … towards [B] into … from [C] out of … from [D] through … through

3. American men don‘t cry because it is considered not ________ of men to do so.

[A] characteristic B] tolerant C] symbolic D] independent

4. At the end of 1994 the British Government introduced new measures to help ________ domestic workers from abuse by their employers.

[A] protect [B] suspect [C] expect [D] inspect

5. Robots differ from automatic machines ________ after completion of one specific task, they can be reprogrammed by a computer to do another one.

[A] so that B] in which C] given that D] in that

6. The specific use of leisure ________ from individual to individual.

[A] ranges B] distinguishes [C] varies D] covers

7. Coffee delays the body clock in the morning, and advances ________ at night.

[A] it B] them C] the coffee D] the body

8. Nations are ________ as ―aged‖ when they have 7 per cent or more of their people aged 65 or above.

[A] limited B] classified C] originated D] processed

9. It is touching to see how a cat or dog — especially a dog —________ itself to family and wants to share in all its goings and comings.

[A] attributes B] applies C] assigned D] attaches

10. You needn‘t ________ him about this since he could find out for himself.

[A] tell B] be telling C] have told D] have to tell Ⅱ.Cloze Test（10 points, 1 point for each）

下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。Decisions about housing can influence the quality of your future life. Individual and family needs change（11 ）the time, and housing should be flexible enough to （12 ）these changing needs. The plan to buy a home may be（13 ）of the most important financial decisions a person（14 ）makes. The plan to buy a home is（15 ）to present and future income. Rental housing, while not requiring （16 ）large initial investment, still takes a large portion of a family’s monthly budget.

Housing provides a setting（17 ）day-to-day living. Housing, furnishings, and equipment must be planned with present and future needs and interests taken into（18 ）. Some people acquire furnishings and equipment before they move into their own home. Family size, health, and income are（19 ）the factors influencing housing choices. Housing shortages in many parts of the country seriously（20 ）the freedom of choice in securing shelter. Many families move, and housing may not be permanent.

11. [A]by [B]on [C]over [D]at

12. [A]meet [B]reach [C]seek [D]catch

13. [A]such [B]that [C]one [D]each

14. [A]still [B]yet [C]even [D]ever

15. [A]saved [B]tied [C]spent [D]cost

16. [A]so a [B]a so [C]such a [D]a such

17. [A]to [B]for [C]with [D]from

18. [A]amount [B]account [C]access [D]average

19. [A]between [B]within [C]among [D]across

20. [A]avoid [B]encourage [C]limit [D]extend Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension（30 points, 2 pints for each）

从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答案纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

Passage One

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. Art, said Picasso, is a lie that makes us realize the truth. So is a map. We do not usually associate the precise work of the map maker with a fanciful object of art. Yet a map has many qualities that a painting or a poem has. It is truth realized in a symbolic way, holding meanings it does not express on the surface. And like work of art, it requires imaginative reading. Thus, map and reality are not, and cannot be, identical. No aspect of map use is so obvious yet so often overlooked. Most map reading mistakes occur because the user forgets this vital fact and expects a one-to-one correspondence between map and reality. A map, like a painting, is just one special version of reality. To understand a painting, you must have some idea of the medium which was used by the artist. You wouldn’t expect a water color to look anything like an oil painting or a charcoal（木碳）drawing, even if the subject matter of all three were identical. In the same way, the techniques used to create maps will greatly influence the final representation. As a map reader, you should always be aware of the invisible hand of the map maker. Never use a map without asking yourself how it has been biased by the methods used to make it.

If the entire map making process operates at its full potential, communication takes place between the map maker and the user. The map maker translates reality into the clearest possible picture under the circumstances, and the map reader converts this picture back into an impression of the environment. For such communication to take place, the map reader and the map maker must know something about how maps are created.

21. Map is a lie _________.

[A] that has little truth in it [B] that few of us believe

[C] that we use to express the truth

[D] that cheats people in a tricky way

22. Map resembles art in that ________ .

[A] they are both absolute lies

[B] they are both precise as well as fanciful

[C] they must be read with imagination

[D] they both express meanings in a superficial way

23. Most map reading mistakes occur because ________ .

[A] the map is not made according to reality

[B] there are obvious differences between the map and reality

[C] the user forgets the one-to-one correspondence between

the map and reality

[D] the user overlooks the gap between the map and reality

24. “the invisible hand of the map maker”（in Paragraph 3）refers to ________ .

[A] the techniques used to create maps

[B] the subject matter of the map

[C] the symbols used in the map

[D] the final representation of the map

25. The last paragraph describes mainly ________ .

[A] how maps are created

[B] what the communication between the map maker and the reader is

[C] how the map maker translates reality into a picture

[D] how the reader converts the picture back into reality Passage Two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. Music which is original is individual and personal. That is to say, it can be identified as belonging to a particular composer. It has particular qualities, or a style, which are not copied from another. If you can recognize the style of a composer, you will probably be able to tell that a certain composition belongs to him or her even though you have never heard it before. A basket-maker has the skill of weaving and interweaving his materials to create colorful patterns, and an expert carpenter（木匠）has the skill of joining together different shapes and sizes of wood to make a beautiful piece of furniture. These skills may be referred to as “workmanship”（技艺）.

Similarly, in music a composer organizes his melodies（旋律）and rhythms and combines sounds to create harmony. A composer may be capable of thinking up very good, original tunes, yet if tunes are poorly organized, that is, if the workmanship is poor, the final result will not be to standard. Good music expresses feelings in a way that is suitable to those feelings. There maybe joy, sorrow, fear, love, anger, or whatever. Bad music, on the other hand, may confuse unrelated feelings, it may not express any important feeling at all, or it may exaggerate some feelings and make them vulgar, that is, cheap and ugly.

Good music will stand the test of time. It will not go out of fashion but will continue to be enjoyed and respected long after it is first introduced. It will gain a kind of permanent status while bad music will disappear and be forgotten quickly. In pop music, where the general rule seems to be ―the newer the better‖, the test of time is the hardest test of all to pass.

26. A piece of original music ________.

[A] has a personal style

[B] sounds very familiar to our ears

[C] is one whose style you cannot recognize

[D] can not be recognized as belonging to any composer

27. We can see good workmanship in ________.

[A] different shapes and size of furniture

[B] materials for creating colourful patterns

[C] a piece of music with its melodies and rhythms organized in harmony

[D] a piece of music with very good, original tunes mixed together

28. A piece of music can be said to be good if _________.

[A] it helps to while away the hours

[B] it combines different rhythms and sounds [C] it makes people forget their sorrows and worries quickly

[D] it expresses a certain feeling in a proper way

29.According to the last paragraph, ―the test of time is the hardest of all to pass‖ suggests that ________.

[A] the newer the music is, the harder it can pass the test of time

[B] it is most difficult for music to gain a kind of permanent status

[C] pop music will cease to be enjoyed soon after it is introduced

[D] good music needn‘t pass the test of time

30.This passage is concerned with ________.

[A] how to compose music [B] how to enjoy music [C] how to judge music [D] how to perform music Passage Three

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.

To be ―historically-minded‖ is to see things in relation and in perspective, and to judge tolerantly. We must remember how differently men have thought and acted in different times. We must always keep an open mind, ready to receive and weigh new evidence. If we grasp this idea, we will never think that a historian（历史学家）is someone who can remember dates. That childish idea is like calling a man a statesman（政治家）because he can remember the names of voters in his district.

A waiter could remember more names and a telephone operator more numbers than the greatest historian.

The true historian is not content to take all his facts from other historians. Today he makes sure that his statements are based on sound ―documents‖ or ―sources‖ which go back to the time of the facts themselves. But the historian needs always to be in his guard not to be misled by his sources. A document may not be a real one. Its author may be lying on purpose for some reason. He may be so greatly influenced by national, religious, party, or personal backgrounds as to be totally unfair to the other side. If honest, he may be misinformed as to the facts and mistaken in his inferences. Anyone who reads the accounts published in the different countries concerning the causes and results of wars will realize that the historian needs caution and training in handling these sources. The trained historian asks first:‖ Did this writer mean to tell the truth?‖ and second: ―Was he in a position or frame of mind to tell the truth even if he wants to?‖ Every statement must be patiently weighed and tested and combined with all other available information in order to get at the truth.

31. A ―historically-minded‖ researcher _________.

[A] always keeps an open mind to history

[B] looks at one historical event without relating it to another

[C] sees things from a single point of view

[D] refuses to accept new evidence

32. In Paragraph 1 the author means to illustrate that ____.

[A] different men think and act differently

[B] the study of history is not merely a matter of remembering dates

[C] a statesman can remember the names of voters in his district

[D] a waiter can remember more names than the great historians

33. The true historian should base his statements on ________.

[A] findings of other historians

[B] documents created at the present time

[C] his own inferences [D] sound historical materials

34. Which of the following is the topic of Paragraph 3?

[A] Some historical documents may not be real.

[B] Some authors may not be honest.

[C] Historians should be careful about their sources.

[D] Historians may be influenced by their own background.

35. It is emphasized in the last paragraph that ________.

[A] wars are accounted for differently in different countries

[B] the historian needs caution and training in dealing with his sources

[C] some writers may not be telling the truth

[D] some writers may not be in a position or frame of mind to tell the truth

PART TWO

Ⅳ.Word Spelling（10 points, 1 point for two words）

将下列汉语单词译成英语并写在答题纸上。每个词的词类和第一字母已在答题纸上给出。首字线后的每条短线上只写一个字母。

36. 修理v. r 37. 科学n. s

38. 温度n. t 39. 政府n. g 40. 制服，军服n. u 41. 必要的a. n 42. 字典n. d 43. 旅行，行程n. j

44. 有价值的a. v 45. 丈夫n. h 46. 警告v. w 47. 呼吸v. b

48. 实验室n. l 49. 控制n. c

50. 量，数量n. q 51. 接受v. a 52. 秘书n. s 53. 金融的a. f 54. 化学n. c 55. 多数n. m Ⅴ.Word Form（10 point, 1 point for each）

将括号中的各词变为适当形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。

56. Much of the carbon in the earth ________（come）from things that once lived.

57. China is not what she ________（use）to be.

58. In the past two decades, research ________（expand）our knowledge about sleep and dreams. 59. If you cannot understand, ask: “Would you mind ________（rephrase）the question, please?”

60. Many preschool teachers do not like to have commercially made toy weapons ________（bring）into the classroom.

61. Robots, already taking over human tasks in the automotive field, are beginning ________（see）in other industries as well.

62. Let us consider the earth as a planet ________（revolve）round sun.

63. Television ads ________ usually _______ （repeat）over and over again.

64. The more time you waste, the ________（easy）it is to continue wasting time.

65. I would rather he ________（buy）the house next year. Ⅵ.Translation from English into Chinese（15 points）

将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。

Although students of all subjects are judged by their performance in course work and examinations, they may be given little or no advice on study, revision or examination techniques. Those who know that they are working hard, yet feel that they are not doing as well as they could either in course work or examinations, are likely to benefit most from straightforward advice---because they know that they need help. However, students who are satisfied with their progress can also be helped to do even better work, just as talented athletes（运动员）can improve their performance when well coached.

It would obviously be best, therefore, in their first few weeks at college, if all students were to consider how to use their study and leisure time. Learning to work effectively（to think, understand, select, organize, and explain or remember）would help them not only at college but also in any career.

2000年10月自考“英语(二)”试题I. Vocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each)

从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

1. She was more_____ than frightened.

[a] surprising [b] interested [c] hated [d] surprised

2. The attention of the public was continually ______ to new possibilities in scientific fields and the discovery of new knowledge.

[a] applied [b] drawn [c] referred [d] thrown

3. Few, _____ any, live their lives without some degree of unhappiness and suffering.

[a] like [b] except [c] if [d] when

4. Many women are too concerned _____ staying thin and they believe that vitamins are some kind of magic cure to replace food.

[a] at [b] in [c] for [d] to

5.In education, there should be a good balance among the branches of knowledge that contribute ____ effective thinking and wise judgment.

[a] at [b] in [c] for [d] to

6. _____ the numbers in employment, the hotel industry was the second largest industry in this country last year.

[a] In line with [b] In terms of

c] In accordance with [d] In proportion to

7. Air travel is so quick nowadays that we can leave London after breakfast and arrive in new York _____ eight hours.

[a] in [b] for [c] after [d] until

8. It is also true that the effect of a drug is much _____ upon youngsters than adults.

[a] bigger [b] fewer [c] greater [d] little

9. Because the reading _____ in most college courses are very heavy, students should plan to read every day.

[a] assignments [b] schedules [c] activities [d] programs

10. For long-time efficiency and happiness it is best to observe the ____ of health and sound working conditions. [a] principles [b] ideas [c] elements [d] factors II. Cloze Test (10 points, 1 points for each) 下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

Although American informality (不拘礼节) is well known , many new visitors think that it indicates a “lack of respect”. This is especially true in the business world. Americans often use first names _11_ meeting a stranger and do not always shake hands. They often just smile and say ―hi‖ or ―hello‖, _12_ than using a more formal hand shake. It is good to remember that to an American such an informal

greeting really means the _13_ thing as a more formal hand shake someplace else. _14_, Americans do not usually give a special "farewell" or hand shake to each person when they leave a party or business meeting. They will often just wave good-bye to the whole group or perhaps say, "well, so long everybody, I'll see you tomorrow." They then will leave. _15_ hand shakes.

Americans seem _16_ totally hurried and hard working or totally informal and at ease. Often you will see men working at office desks _17_ their suit coats and ties. They may lean far back in their chairs and even put their feet up on the desk _18_ they talk. In the United States, you should therefore understand that being in a great _19_ does not indicate unfriendliness and being informal and at ease does not show a lack of respect. Americans have a great range of customs and habits that at first may seem puzzling to a visitor. In _20_ you will learn these new ways.

11. [a] upon [b] for [c] as [d] at

12. [a] more [b] better [c] rather [d] other

13. [a] such [b] some [c] same [d] whole

14. [a] Similarly[b] However [c] Therefore [d] Especially

15. [a] Some [b] Then [c] So [d] No

16. [a] both [b] all [c] either [d] neither

17. [a] with [b] without [c] in [d] on

18. [a] while [b] where [c] which [d] because

19. [a] worry [b] trouble [c] pride [d] hurry

20. [a] time [b] case [c] turn [d] vain III. Rreading Comprehension (30 points, 2 points for each) 从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

Passage one

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

The economic costs of noise to society are several. Airports are currently operating at less than capacity because of noise regulations which restrict their hours of operation. For instance, at Washington's National Airport no jet traffic is allowed from 11 pm to 7 am. Other airports restrict the use of certain runways. One estimate is that noise restrictions reduce possible airport use by 20 percent. The profitable cargo trade is especially affected by night restrictions.

In the case of airports, jet engines may be modified to reduce their noise level, or insulation (隔音) from air traffic noise may be provided by the purchase of land around airports or the insulation of buildings. One estimate is that ＄5.7 billion would be required to equip all existing jet engines with noise control devices. However, considering the current state of the art, even taking this step will not reduce noise levels at all points to acceptable values. Some combination of methods is probably necessary.

If all aircraft were made quieter by existing methods, there would be a number of economic benefits. An increase in airport capacity would occur. Property values near airports might rise. Transportation costs to and from airports could be reduced since the airports now could be located closer to population centers.

Much research still needs to be done on the economic aspects of noise reduction and noise effects. Although some of the effects of noise pollution are known, more must be discovered about its effects on health, productivity, property values and the quality of life. Furthermore, the cost of noise pollution to the economy as a whole needs to be investigated.

The public must be alerted to the dangers and economic costs of noise pollution so that people may make intelligent choices and exert appropriate pressures.

21. There is no jet traffic at Washington's national airport from 11 pm to 7 am because _____.

[a] it is extremely dangerous to fly in the dark

[b] noise regulations restrict the hours of airport operation

[c] some of its runways are not in good condition

[d] cargo planes produce disturbing noises

22. "The current state of the art" (in para.2) means ______.

[a] a developed sense of beauty

[b] the volumes of present-day traffic

[c] the most recently developed technology

[d] insulation of air traffic noise

23. Noise reduction could lead to_____.

[a] increased airport capacity [b] lower property values [c] effective modification of existing jet engines [d] more transportation costs to and from airports

24. What is not mentioned in the passage?

[a] Psychological strain. [b] Handling capacity of cargo.

[c] Measures for noise reduction. [d] Public pressures.

25. The author of the passage is concerned primarily with _____.

[a] the effects of noise on the quality of life

[b] the role of air traffic restrictions

[c] the production of quieter engines

[d] the economic aspects of noise reduction

Passage two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

During a state of deep relaxation, several physiological changes take place in the body: the body's oxygen consumption is reduced; the heart beat decreases; muscle tension and sweating ease, and there is decreased sympathetic (交感的) nervous system activity. This restful state not only allows the body to repair and restore itself, but it has a calming effect on the consciousness.

How to achieve this state of relaxation, however, is a matter of opinion, and in some medical circles, a matter of controversy (争议). A recent report by Dr. David Holmes of the University of Kansas in the journal "American psychologist" said that simply sitting in an armchair has just as many beneficial characteristics for the body as meditation (冥想) does. Researchers of other relaxation techniques disagree. These experts believe that more structured techniques, such as meditation, lead to a condition of deep relaxation.

The debate goes on, but one thing appears to be clear: the relaxation response can be reached by a number of methods, and the methods themselves are not as important as getting there. One day, one method may work best; on another day, an alternative method may be more appropriate. Once you are aware of all the methods, you can find the one that works best on you.

Some of the relaxation techniques are meditation, autoanalysis (自我心理分析) and progressive muscle relaxation response. More than just sitting quietly in a chair, they have the added benefit of structure and discipline, and for these reasons appear to be more effective for most individuals.

26. According to the passage, which of the following statements is not true when a person is in a state of deep

relaxation?

[a] The body takes in less oxygen.

[b] The heart beats less frequently.

[c] Muscles become tense and the body sweats easily.

[d] The consciousness becomes more or less calmed.

27. People seem to agree that ____.

[a] sitting in an armchair benefits a person as meditation does

[b] structured relaxation techniques are more beneficial for a person

[c] to achieve a state of deep relaxation is possible through various means

[d] what people are all struggling for is a state of deep relaxation

28. In the third paragraph, the phrase "getting there" means _____.

[a] arrivin g at one‘s destination [b] getting what one wants most

[c] finding out a suitable relaxation technique [d] reaching a state of deep relaxation

29. As far as relaxation is concerned, the author indicates that _____.

[a] aims are more important than means

[b] means are more important than aims

[c] more and more people are interested in relaxation techniques

[d] some relaxation techniques are better than others

30. The author's attitude toward relaxation discussed in the passage is best described as ______.

[a] subjective [b] objective [c] optimistic

[d] critical

Passage three

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.

People seldom feel neutral about poetry (诗). Those who love it sometimes give the impression that it is an adequate substitute for food, shelter, and love. It isn't. Words, no matter how satisfying, are never an equivalent for life itself and its human experiences. Those who dislike poetry on principle sometimes claim, on the other hand, that poetry is only words and good for nothing. That's not true either. It is easy to become frustrated by words-in poetry or in life-but when words represent and recreate genuine human feelings, as they often do in poetry, they can be very important. Poetry is, in fact, more than just words. It is an experience of words, and those who know how to read poetry can easily extend their experience of life, their sense of what other people are like, their awareness of themselves, and their range of human feelings.

One reason poetry can be so important is that it is so closely concerned with feelings. Poetry is often full of ideas, too, and sometimes poems can be powerful experiences of the mind, but most poems are primarily about how people feel rather than how people think. Poems provide, in fact, a language for feeling, and one of poetry's most insistent merits involves its attempt to express the inexpressible. How can anyone, for example, put into words what it means to be in love or what it feels like to lose someone one cares about? Poetry tries, and it often captures exactly the shade of emotion that feels just right to a reader. No single poem can be said to express all the things that love or death feels like, or means, but one of the joys of experiencing poetry occurs when we read a poem and want to day, "yes, that is just what it is like; I know exactly what that line means but I've never been able to express it so well." Poetry can be the voice of our feelings even when our minds are speechless with grief or joy.

31."People seldom feel neutral about poetry" (in para.1) in this context means that _____.

[a] few people think that poetry is neutral

[b] people always differ in their views about poetry

[c] people rarely take a biased opinion about poetry

[d] people generally think of poetry as extremely important or totally useless

32. The author suggests that _____.

[a] poetry tends to make the reader disappointed

[b] poetry makes its readers sentimental

[c] poetry is more important than words

[d] poetry often captures real human feelings

33. According to the author, poetry _____.

[a] is more than just words

[b] is the poets‘ feelings about words

[c] is anything but patterns of lines

[d] is an experiment on the use of words

34. Poetry tries, persistently, to express ______.

[a] what love and death mean

[b] what people think about themselves

[c] what people feel but find it hard to describe

[d] how people go through life

35. This passage is mainly about ______.

[a] the structure of poetry [b] the components of poetry

[c] the nature and importance of poetry

[d] the appreciation of poetry

Iv. Word Spelling (10 points, 1point for two words)

将下列汉语单词译成英语并写在答题纸上。每个词的词类和第一个字母已在答题纸上给出。首字母后的每条短线上只写一个字母。

36.护照n. p 37.目标n. t

38.邮费n. p 39.海洋n. o 40.削弱v. w 41.月亮的a. l 42.检查，视察n. i 43.集体宿舍n. d 44.债务n. d 45.基本的a. f 46.内容n. c 47.熟悉的a. f 48.慷慨的a. g 49.邀请n. i 50.发明者n. i 51.菜单n. m 52.明显的a. o 53.不论如何，不顾prep. r

54.智慧n. w 55.女主人n. h V. Word Form (10 points, 1 point for each)

将括号中的各词变为适当形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。

56. A man cannot be really happy if what he enjoys ______ (do) is ignored by society as of no value or importance.

57. Some proverbs _______ (be) in the language for 1,000 years, for example, a friend in need is a friend indeed.

58. Anyone ______ (want) to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics.

59. The nations that _____ actively ______ (involve) in earthquake prediction programs include Japan, China, Russia, and the United States.

60. It is a well-known fact that a person will move in a circle when he cannot use his eyes _____ (control) his direction. 61. In 1991, after the Gulf War, Bush‘s approval rating reached 91 percent, the highest level recorded since polling

_______ (begin) in the 1930s.

62. As research techniques become more advanced, the number of animals _______ (use) in experiments may decrease.

63. Seeing violence on television or reading about it in the newspapers every day _____ (make) us tolerate crime more than we should.

64. The _______ (far) away we get from the earth, the thinner the air becomes.

65. They demanded that the right to vote ______ (give) to every adult person.

Vi. Translation from Chinese into English (15 points, 3 points for each)

将下列各句译成英文并将答案写在答题纸上。

66.快速旅行对人体的影响比我们意识到的要大得多。

67.一个社会的人口增长率越接近零，其人口便越老龄化。

68.据说那个病人曾要求医生助他一死。

69.机器人将要在哪些领域替代人的工作呢？

70.几年前被认为不可能实施的手术现在许多医院都能做。

Vii. Translation from English into Chinese (15 points)

将下面的短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。

If you only need to travel a short distance, the quickest way to travel in most cities is on foot. During working hours the traffic is very heavy on most city streets, sometimes coming to a complete stop in places. As a result, many people prefer to walk. You should therefore be aware of some of the traffic laws. It is against the law in many cities to cross the street at any place except at the corner. You should not cross the street unless there is a green traffic light facing in the direction you plan to cross. In small towns, these rules may not be followed as closely, because the traffic is usually not so heavy. However, the purpose of the laws is to provide for the safety and protection of the people. Obeying traffic signals is especially important.

2001年4月自考英语(二)试题

I. V ocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each item) 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

1.It was there, the police believe, _ she was able to activate the recorder she kept in her bag.A、until

B、which

C、that

D、when

2. It is not yet known _ computers will one day have vision as good as human vision.

A、whether

B、if

C、that

D、how

3. If you are now ____ you ought to pay more attention to your health.

A、in the fifties

B、in your fifties

C、in fifties

D、in your fifty

4. Americans have learned much about the way in which the system can be managed so as to ____ the peaceful transfer of power from one party to the other.

A、make it possible

B、make possible

C、make possibly

D、make it possibly

5. _____ their differences, they fell passionately in love with each other.

A、As for

B、Owing to

C、Despite

D、Through

6. Such attitudes amount to a belief ____ leisure can and should be put to good use.

A、which

B、if

C、whether

D、that

7. ____ yourself to the job in hand, and you'll soon finish it.

A、Reply

B、Imply

C、Apply

D、Supply

8. This will not only keep the study habit alive but also keep you up to ____ on your class assignments and projects.

A、day

B、date

C、number

D、time

9. I can't ____ the meaning of his poem because it's too vague.

A、turn out

B、put out

C、figure out

D、look out

10. Some people think that animal research is irrelevant ____ our health and that it can often produce misleading results. A、with B、at C、on D、to

II. Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item)

下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

Tourism is the temporary movement of people to destinations outside their normal places of work and residence (居住), the activities 11 during their stay in those destinations, and the facilities created to 12 their needs.

Tourism is a luxury. Until recently, participation 13 restricted to the select few 14 could afford both the time and money to travel. 15, increased leisure and higher incomes have combined to enable more people to join in. Improvements in transportation, and the growth of inclusive (全包的)tours and other forms of relatively cheap vacation travel, have further 16 the opportunity to travel for pleasure. Today the majority of people in the developed world and increasing numbers in the developing countries are tourists 17 some time in their lives. Tourism is no longer the special right of a few but is an accepted and 18 expected part of the life-styles of a large and growing number of people.

Tourism is 19 major economic and social significance. More than 270 million tourists spend $92 billion (US) annually in places outside their own countries. This is one of the largest items in the world's foreign trade. With a world growth in visitor arrival rate of 20 6 per cent per year, tourism is also one of the fastest growing economic activities. It is the most important export industry and earner of foreign exchange in many countries.

11. A. Undertaken B. to undertake

C. undertaking

D. undertook

12. A. demand B. request C. meet D. consider

13. A. is B. was C. will be D. were

14. A. they B. those C. who D. these

15. A. Moreover B. ThereforeC. And D. However

16. A. extended B. intended C. tended D. pretended

17. A. in B. on C. over D. at

18. A. even B. still C. so D. yet

19. A. for B. of C. to D. after

20. A. considerably B. relatively

C. significantly

D. approximately

III. Reading Comprehension (30 points, 2 points for each item)

从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

Passage One

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

By the Treaty of Paris of 1763, which ended the war with the French and the Indians,England gained possession of Canada and all the territory east of the Mississippi River. French

influence on this continent thus came to an end; England now controlled most of North America. But the war had been long and expensive. England had many debts. George III, king of England, after consulting with his advisers, decided that the American colonists(殖民者)should help pay some of the expenses of this war. A standing English army of 10,000 men had been left in the colonies(殖民地)for protection against the Indians.The English government also felt that the colonists should share in the expenses of maintaining this army. The result was a series of measures, the Grenville Program, passed by Parliament and designed to raise money in the colonies. Some of these measures were accepted by the colonists, but one in particular, the Stamp Act, was met with great protest.The Stamp Act required that stamps, ranging in price from a few cents to almost a dollar, be placed on all newspapers, advertisements, bills of sale, wills, legal papers,etc. The Stamp Act was one of the causes of the American Revolution.It affected everyone, rich and poor alike. Some businessmen felt that the Act would surely ruin their businesses.

Of all the voices raised in protest to the Stamp Act, none had greater effect than that of a young lawyer from Virginia --- Patrick Henry. Henry had only recently been elected to the Virginia Assembly. Yet when the Stamp Act came up for discussion, he opposed it almost single-handedly. He also expressed, for the first time, certain ideas that were held by many Americans of the time but that never before had been stated so openly. ―Is life so dear or peace so sweet, as to be bought at the price of chains and slavery? Forbid it, Almighty(万能的)God! I know not what course others may take, but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!”

21. From the text we learn that ___________________.

A、Britain took over Canada from the Indians in 1763

B、there had been a war between the French and the Indians which ended in 1763

C、France used to have control of Canada and some areas east of the Mississippi River

D、the French still kept some influence in North America through the Treaty of Paris

22. The Grenville Program refers to _______.

A、King George III’s plan to gather money in North America

B、the British government's desire to raise money in North America

C、a plan to share the expenses of maintaining an army in the American colonies

D、a decision of the British Parliament to collect money in the American colonies

23. The Stamp Act _______.

A、was an act about selling stamps at prices from a few cents to almost a dollar

B、required that all commercial and legal documents in America have stamps on them

C、was the main cause of the American Revolution

D、chiefly affected business people who felt it would ruin their businesses

24. From the text we learn that Patrick Henry _______.

A、had been a member of the Virginia Assembly for a long time

B、didn't know what courses to take to complete his studies as a lawyer

C、was almost the only one who openly protested against the Stamp Act

D、didn't value life or peace as much as other people did

25. This passage is mainly about _______.

A、one of the events leading to the American Revolution

B、the Treaty of Paris between Britain and France

C、the Grenville Program to raise money in the American colonies

D、Patrick Henry, a hero who opposed the Stamp Act Passage Two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

A number of recent books have reworked subjects, forms and writing techniques. Today's children read stories about divorce, death, drugs, air pollution, political extremism and violence. Relying on the magic of the illustrator, all kinds of books are being published.

Before they know to read, babies can play with books made of cloth or books made to take in the bath. Later on, they are given picture books that may be cubical(立方形的)or triangular, outsized or very small. They also like work-books which come with water coloursand paintbrushes, and comic books(漫画册)filled with details where they have to spot a figure hidden among thousands of others.

Not that the traditional children's books are being neglected. There are still storybooks where the pages pop up(跳起)when they are opened, to make a forest or a castle. Among the latest ideas are interactive stories where readers choose the plot(情节)or ending they want, and books on CD, which are very popular in rich industrialized countries. The public has enthusiastically greeted the wealth of creativity displayed by publishers. "Previously, giving a child a book as often seen as improper," says Canadian author Marie- France Hebért. Her books, published by a French-language publisher, sell like hot cakes in hundreds of thousands of copies. "There's a real appetite for reading these days and I try to get across to children the passion for reading which is food for the mind and the heart, like a medicine or a vitamin."

26."Reworked" as used in Paragraph 1 means ―____________‖.

A、reworded

B、rewritten

C、processed

D、revised

27. In the second paragraph the author lists the kinds of books__________.

A、recently published

B、of various shapes

C、babies like

D、popular among children

28. Which of the following statements is true?

A、Books made of cloth came out earlier than picture books.

B、When you buy work-books you will be given free comic books.

C、Traditional children's books are not being removed from market.

D、Babies cannot have books while taking a bath.

29. The expression "get across to children" in the last paragraph probably means "___".

A、pass on to children

B、make children believe

C、teach children

D、get around to children

30. The main idea of the last paragraph is that people have

_____.

A、warmly welcomed the abundance of wealth shown by publishers

B、warmly welcomed the enormous amount of creativity shown by publishers

C、showed great enthusiasm in publishers of great wealth

D、reacted strongly to the unlimited creativity of publishers Passage Three

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage. Everybody gets sick. Disease and injury make us suffer throughout our lives until, finally, some attack on the body brings our existence to an end. Fortunately, most of us in modern industrialized societies can take relatively good health for granted most of the time. In fact, we tend to fully realize the importance of good health only when we or those close to us become seriously ill. At such times we keenly appreciate the ancient truth that health is our most precious asset, one for which we might readily give up such rewards as power, wealth, or fame(荣誉).

Because ill health is universal problem, affecting both the individual and society, the human response to sickness is always socially organized. No society leaves the responsibility for maintaining health and treating ill health entirely to the individual. Each society develops its own concepts of health and sickness and authorizes certain people to decide who is sick and how the sick should be treated. Around this focus there arises, over time, a number of standards, values, groups, statuses, and roles: in other words, an institution(体系；机构). To the sociologist(社会学家), then, medicine is the institution concerned with the maintenance of health and treatment of disease.

In the simplest pre-industrial societies, medicine is usually an aspect of religion. The social arrangements for dealing with sickness are very elementary, often involving only two roles: the sick and the healer(治疗者).The latter is typically also the priest(牧师), who relies primarily on religious ceremonies, both to identify and to treat disease: for example, bones may be thrown to establish a cause, songs may be used to bring about a cure. In modern industrialized societies, on the other hand, the institution has become highly complicated and specialized, including dozens of roles such as those of brain surgeon, druggist, hospital administrator, linked with various organizations such as nursing homes, insurance companies, and medical schools. Medicine, in fact, has become the subject of intense sociological interest precisely because it is now one of the most pervasive and costly institutions of modern society.

31.Which of the following statements is true according to Paragraph 1?

A、Nowadays most people believe they can have fairly good health.

B、Human life involves a great deal of pain and suffering.

C、Most of us are aware of the full value of health.

D、Ancient people believed that health was more expensive than anything else.

32.The word "authorize" in Paragraph 2 means "_______".

A、make way for

B、give power to

C、write an order for

D、make it possible for

33.In Paragraph 2, we learn that the sociologist regards medicine as______.

A、a system whose purpose is to treat disease and keep people healthy

B、a universal problem that affects every society

C、a social responsibility to treat ill health

D、a science that focuses on the treatment of disease

34. According to Paragraph 3, which of the following is NOT true?

A、In the past, bones might be used to decide why people fell ill.

B、In pre-industrial societies priests sometimes treated patients by singing.

C、Modern medicine is so complicated that sociology no longer has a place in it.

D、There were only two roles in an elementary medical system, the patient and the one who tried to cure him.

35. The author of this passage is mainly concerned with ______.

A、sociological aspects in medicine

B、medical treatment of diseases

C、the development of medical science

D、the role of religion in medicine

第二部分(非选择题，共50分)

IV. Word Spelling (10 points, 1 point for two items) 将下列汉语单词译成英语。作为提示，每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答卷纸上。

36.折叠v. f _ _ _ 37.电子的a. e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38.出生率n. b _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

39.创造者n. f _ _ _ _ _ _ 40.授予；判给v. a _ _ _ _ 41.共和国n. r _ _ _ _ _ _ _

42.舌头；语言n. t _ _ _ _ _ 43.腐朽，腐烂n. d _ _ _ _

44.附加，隶属v. a _ _ _ _

45.障碍n. b _ _ _ _ _ _ 46.警报n. a _ _ _ _ 47.喷，喷涂v. s _ _ _ _

48.肯定的；阳性的a. p _ _ __ 49.促进；提升v. p _ _ _ _ _ 50.经济；节约n. e _ _ _ _ _ 51.推荐v. r _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 52.智力的；精神的a. m _ _ _ 53.天文学家n. a _ _ _ 54.音乐家n. m _ _ _ _ _ 55.给…下定义v. d _ _ _ _ _ V. Word Form (10 points, 1 point for each item)

将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答卷纸上。

56. The manager told us to be friendly to the visitors as if we _____ (meet) them before.

57. Robots, ______(become) increasingly prevalent in factories and industrial plants throughout the developed world, are programmed and engineered to perform industrial tasks without human intervention.

58. They were often compelled_____(work) twelve or fourteen hours a day.

59. It has been proved that their best ideas seem______(occur)when they were relaxing.

60. Her body, with hands and feet _____(bind), was discovered by a traveler early in the

morning.

61. If it hadn't been for your help, we _____(be)in real trouble.

62. The greenest and _____(plentiful)leaves are the leaves of grasses living all over the world.

63. All the worries they might have felt for him__(drive)off by the sight of his cheerful face.

64. Anyone ______ (want)to live in the new century will have to know about the computer. 65. The continuing professional education of ______ (high)educated adults will become a third level in addition to undergraduate and professional or graduate work.

VI. Translation from Chinese into English(15 points, 3 points for each item)

将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答卷纸上。

66.不用说，我们现在已不是生活在传统社会。

67.有些星辰的密度(density)达到某一点就会爆炸。

68.我们匆匆忙忙地赶回学校，生怕天会下雨。

69.这个小伙子偷偷把一块表塞进口袋，没让老师看到。

70.科学家正在研究为什么白日梦(daydreaming)会有益于人们的健康。

VII. Translation from English into Chinese (15 points)

将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答卷纸上。Americans are proud of the medical achievements made in this country. Medical scientists have found cures and prevention for such diseases as polio(小儿麻痹症)and tuberculosis(肺结核).They have learned a great deal about cancer and heart disease. Many lives have been saved. American hospitals are the most modern and best equipped medical facilities in the world. But this degree of excellence has been expensive.

Medical costs in the United States are very high. There is no national health plan for Americans. But there are many programs available for this purpose. Many people have health plans at the companies where they work. Under these plans, the company pays a fixed sum of money regularly into a fund. Then when the employee needs medical help, he can use money from the fund to pay for it.

Other people have health insurance. Each month they pay money to insurance companies which then pay their medical expenses. In some medical plans, the insurance company is also the medical institution. People pay regularly and directly to the hospital. Then when they need medical treatment, they go to the hospital without paying more money.

2001年10月自考英语(二)题

全部题目用英文作答（英译汉题目除外），并将答案写在答题纸的相应位置上，否则不计分。PART ONE

ⅠV ocabulary and Structure（10 points，1 point for each item）

从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答案写在答题纸上。

1.Should she come tomorrow，I ______ take her to the museum.

［A］can ［B］will［C］would ［D］must

2.Mary of us visited the industrial exhibition，______，to our disappointment，we saw very few high-tech（高技术）products.

［A］where ［B］which ［C］as ［D］that 3. These networks are on the ______ for warning signs that show the weakening of rock layers that can precede an earthquake.

［A］eagerness ［B］alarm ［C］alert［D］guard 4. His name will be crossed out from the list ______ he makes the same mistakes again.

［A］if ［B］unless ［C］because ［D］though 5.With the soaring of prices，a number of young college graduates cannot earn their living，______ supporting their parents.

［A］not to say ［B］to say nothing of［C］not saying ［D］saying nothing of

6.______ it was raining, many international tourists were having picnics in the woods.

［A］In spite ［B］In spite of ［C］In spite of that ［D］In spite of the fact that

7.The students would not have made so much progress under less ______ conditions.

［A］popular ［B］welcome

［C］favourable ［D］prosperous

8.Lots of empty beer bottles were found under the young man‘s bed; he ______ heavily.

［A］must have drunk［B］must drink［C］should drink ［D］had to drink

9. On the other hand concern is also growing about the possibility of a new economic order ______ resource-rich nations of the Third World would combine to set high commodity prices.

［A］which ［B］what ［C］that［D］in that 10.______ at home, she found that she had left the key at the office.

［A］To have arrived ［B］To arrive

［C］While arriving［D］Arriving

Ⅱ. Cloze Test（10 points, 1 point for each item）

下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并将答案写在答题纸上。

Writing in a diary, watching television, talking with friends, speaking on the telephone, and 11 a menu－what do they have in common？They are all 12 of communication. It has been 13 that people spend more time communicating than they spend in any other complex activity in life. 14 , communication is a word that most people have difficulty 15 and talking about.

The word communication may be used to identify activities that do not 16 people. For example，the word may sometimes be used to describe the 17 that animals relate to each other. 18 , it is said that electronic devices “communicate”with each other. However, communication most often refers to activities among people. Thus, communication may be defined as the 19 by which people exchange feelings and ideas with one another. 20 this definition is clear and simple, much more needs to be said.

11.［A］read ［B］reading ［C］to read D］having read

12.［A］patterns B］fashions C］formsD］models

13.［A］estimated B］predicted C］designed D］counted

14.［A］Therefore B］HenceC］Moreover ［D］Even so

15.［A］deserving ［B］demonstrating［C］describing

［D］defining

16.［A］involve ［B］evolve ［C］resolve D］revolve

17.［A］methods B］ways C］habitsD］techniques

18.［A］Traditionally B］Constantly C］Similarly

［D］Usually

19.［A］measures B］means C］modesD］manners

20.［A］WhenB］Now that ［C］While ［D］If Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension（30 points，2 points for each item）

从下列每篇短文后面的问题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答案写在答题纸上。

Passage One

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

In the past industries had more freedom than they have now, and they did not need to be as careful as they must today. They did not need to worry a lot about the safety of the new products that they developed. They did not have to pay much attention to the health and safety of the people who worked for them. Often new products were dangerous for the people who used them; often conditions in the work place had very bad effects on the health of the workers.

Of course sometimes there were real disasters which attracted the attention of governments and which showed need for changes. Also scientists who were doing research into the health of workers sometimes produced information which governments could not ignore. At such times，there were inquiries into the causes of the disaster or the problems. New safety rules were often introduced as a result of these inquiries; however，the new rules came too late to protect the people who had died or become seriously ill.

Today many governments have special departments which protect customers and workers. In the U.S., for example, there is a department which tests new airplanes and gives warnings about possible problems. It also makes the rules that aircraft producers must follow. Another department controls the foods and drugs that companies sell. A third department looks at the places where people work, and then reports any companies that are breaking laws which protect the health and safety of workers.

21.According to Paragraph 1, compared with today，industries in the past ______.

A］were controlled less strictly

B］were worse off

C］affected more peoples health

D］put out more unhealthy products.

22. It is implied in Paragraph 2 that years ago governments ______.

［A］paid much attention to the results of scientific discoveries

［B］seldom introduced safety laws before disasters occurred ［C］hardly ever looked into the causes of tragedies

［D］imposed safety rules as soon as disasters occurred 23. In the U.S. today ______.

［A］there are altogether three departments which protect customers and workers

［B］stores dealing in foods and drugs are under government control

［C］a company with poor or dangerous working conditions is likely to be punished

［D］the protection of workers health and safety is well ensured

24. The main topic of the passage is ______.

［A］industries in the past and at present

［B］changes in the development of industries

［C］the protection of industrial workers and customers ［D］the freedom of industries

25. The purpose of this passage is to ______.

［A］inform B］criticize C］entertain D］persuade Passage TWO

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

I made a pledge to myself on the way down to the vacation beach cottage. For two weeks I would try to be a loving husband and father. Totally loving. No ifs, ands or buts.

The idea had come to me as I listened to a talk on my car radio. The speaker was quoting a Biblical（圣经的）passage about husbands being thoughtful of their wives. Then he went on to say, “Love is an act of will. A person can choose to love.”To myself, I had to admit that I had been a selfish husband. Well, for two weeks that would change.

And it did. Right from the moment I kissed Evelyn at the door and said, “That new yellow sweater（套头衫）looks great on you.”

“Oh, Tom，you noticed,”she said, surprised and pleased. Maybe a little puzzled.

After the long drive, I wanted to sit and read. Evelyn suggested a walk on the beach. I started to refuse, but then I thought, ―Evelyn‘s been alone here with the kids all week and now she wants to be alone with me.‖ We walked on the beach while the children flew their kites.

So it went. Two weeks of not calling the Wall Street firm where I am a director, a visit to the shell museum though I usually hate museums. Relaxed and happy, that‘s how the whole vacation passed. I made a new pledge to keep on remembering to choose love.

There was one thing that went wrong with my experiment, however. Evelyn and I still laugh about it today. On the last night at our cottage, preparing for bed, Evelyn stared at me with the saddest expression.

“What’s the matter？”I asked her.

“Tom, ”she said in a voice filled with distress, “do you know something I don’t？”

“What do you mean？”

“Well……that checkup（体检）I had several weeks ago……our doctor……did he tell you something about me？Tom, you’ve been so good to me……am I dying？”

It took a moment for it all to sink in. Then I burst out laughing.

“No，honey，”I said，wrapping her in my arms. “You’re not dying; I’m just starting to live.”

26.In the first paragraph, “No ifs，ands or buts”probably means “______.”

［A］Unintentionally［B］Inevitably［C］Impressively［D］Unconditionally

27.From the story we may infer that Tom drove to the beach cottage ______.

［A］with his family［B］with Evelyn［C］alone［D］with his children

28.During the two weeks on the beach, Tom showed more love to his wife because ______.

［A］she looked lovely in her new clothes

［B］he had made a lot of money in his Wall Street firm ［C］he was determined to be a good husband

［D］she was seriously ill

29.The author says, “There was one thing that went wrong with my experiment.”What was the one thing that went wrong？

［A］He praised her sweater, which puzzled her.

［B］She insisted on visiting a museum, which he hated. ［C］He knew something about her illness but didn’t tell her. ［D］He was so good to her that she thought she must be dying.

30.Be saying ―I‘m just starting to live,‖ Tom means that ______.

［A］he is just beginning to understand the real meaning of life

［B］he is just beginning to enjoy life as a loving husband ［C］he lived an unhappy life before and is now starting to change

［D］he is beginning to feel regret for what he did to his wife before

Passage Three

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.

Americans who remember “the good old days”are not alone in complaining about the educational system in this country. Immigrants（移民）complain, too. Lately a German friend was filled with anger when he learned that the mathematics test given to his son on his first day as a college freshman included multiplication and division. Japanese businessmen in Los Angeles send their children to private schools staffed by teachers imported from Japan to learn mathematics at Japanese levels, generally considered at least a year more advanced than the level here.

But I wonder: If American education is so poor，why is it that this is still the country of innovation（创新）?

When I was 12 in Indonesia, I had to memorize the names of all the worlds major cities, from Kabul to Karachi. At the same age, my son, who was brought up a Californian, thought that Buenos Aires was Spanish for good food. However, unlike children of his age in Asia and Europe, my son had studied creative geography. When he was only 6, he drew a map of the route that he traveled to get to school，including the streets, the traffic signs and the houses that he passed.

Dissatisfied American parents forget that in this country their children are able to experiment freely with ideas; without this they will not really be able to think or to believe in themselves.

Critics of American education cannot grasp one thing: freedom. America, I think，is the only country that extends even to children the license to freely speak, write and be creative. Our public education certainly is not perfect，but it is a great deal better than any other. I think I have found the answer to my question.

31. From the text we learn that ______.

［A］both Americans and immigrants are dissatisfied with the quality of American education

［B］the author shares the general idea that American education is worse than education in many other countries ［C］Japanese schools in America require their American teachers to teach mathematics at Japanese levels

［D］the author’s German friend was a little displeased because the mathematics test for his son was too easy 32.Which of the following is NOT true？

［A］The author most probably was an immigrant from Asia and received some school education there.

［B］Buenos Aires must be the name of a city, as are Kabul and Karachi.

［C］Children in other countries are not likely to learn creative geography.

［D］The knowledge of geography of the author’s son shows that American education is poor.

33.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage？

［A］If children are not allowed to experiment freely with ideas they won’t grow up independent and creative.

［B］Most Americans think the present American educational system is not as good as it used to be

［C］Private schools run by Japanese businessmen maintain a higher level than American public schools.

［D］Americans are more innovative than other people in the world.

34.In the last paragraph the author say, “I have found the answer to my question.”What is the question？

［A］Is Japanese education better than American education？

［B］Why do Japanese businessmen send their children to Japanese-staffed schools？

［C］Why was my son not taught enough geographic knowledge？

［D］Is American education really worse than education in other countries？

35.What would be the best title for this passage？

［A］American education and education in foreign countries ［B］Improvement needed for American education

［C］Freedom to think－characteristic of American education

［D］Education and innovation in America

PART TWO

Ⅳ.Word Spelling（10 points，1 point for two items）

将下列汉语单词译成英语。作为提示，每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。

36.婴儿n. i 37.收回，撤退v. w

38.挨饿v. s 39.主题n. t

40.波动，起伏v. f 41.战略，策略n. s 42.分配；任务n. a 43.人性；人类n. h 44.谈判，协商v. n 45.短语n. p

46.道德的 a. m 47.预算n. b 48.动机，动力n. m 49.威胁n. t

50.典型的a. t 51.分开，分离n. s 52.年轻的；朝气蓬勃的a. y 53.维持；维修v. m 54.逃离v. f 55.环境，周围状况n. e Ⅴ.Word Form （10 points，1 point for each item）

将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。

56.It has been proved that some people’s best ideas seem ______（occur）when they are relaxing and daydreaming.

57.If you had come earlier，you ______（not miss）the first

act of the play.

58.They may have their passports______（remove），making leaving or “escaping”actually impossible.

59.This poem，if ______（translate）word for word into Chinese，will make no sense.

60.We know that we are getting even older，and that the nearer a society approximates so zero population growth，the ______（old）its population is likely to be.

61.Robots，already taking over human tasks in the automotive field，are beginning （see），

although to a lesser degree，in other industries as well. 62.Anyone ______（want）to understand the industry of the future will have to know about IT（information technology）.

63.The explorers were puzzled over what to do next because they were in a ______（trick）situation.

64.These electric appliances are all similar in construction but each one is ______（specialize）in its function.

65.______（tell）that some guests were coming，she shopped all morning in the supermarket.

Ⅵ.Translate the following sentences into English（15 points, 3 points for each item）

将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。

66.近年来，计算机在各个领域的应用越来越广泛。

67.不论他怎么说，我也不相信他。

68.他的肤色与他是否是个好教授没有关系。

69.在表达自己的意见时，我们应该力求客观。

70.从某种程度上来说，她的失败是由于运气不好。

Ⅶ.Translate the following passage into Chinese（15 points）将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。

It is amazing（令人惊讶的）how much we know about parenting before we have children，and how little we know once we become parents ourselves. Before we have children we know just how to avoid making the mistakes our parents made and how to handle those violent tempers that we see other parents mismanage.

And then we have our own children. What happens to all that confidence and knowledge？If we’re lucky，we can hold on to it briefly as our hearts are filled with wonder at that lovely baby who can do no wrong. But in no time at all that newborn baby who brought us so much joy is challenging us in ways we never imagined and bringing confusion into our once orderly lives.

2002年4月自考英语（二）试卷PART ONE第一部分选择题（共50分）

Ⅰ.V ocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each item)

从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将选项号填在答题纸的相应位置上。

1.Studies have shown _______ teenagers often suffer form depression.

A. that

B. which

C. in which

D. in that

2.The party has failed to ______ the majority of voters that it is capable of governing the country.

A. trust

B. credit

C. convince

D. believe

3._____ driving around all day looking for somewhere to park, why don't you take a bus to town? A. In spite of B. Rather than

C. In place of

D. Other than

4.The kids are _______ be hungry when they get home—they always are.

A. obliged to

B. bound to

C. desired to

D. motivated to

5.All the characteristics that distinguish birds ____ other animals can be traced to prehistoric times.

A. to

B. between

C. for

D. from

6.When the city was _______, everyone knew that total defeat was certain.

A. cut off

B. cut down

C. cut across

D. cut out

7.If we _______ everything ready by now, we should be having a terrible time tomorrow.

A. hadn't got

B. didn't get

C. wouldn't have got

D. wouldn‘t get

8.In his composition there were no other errors _______ a few misspelled words.

A. beside

B. except

C. then

D. than

9.In deciding ___ a course of action, the candidates tried to estimate its likely impact on the voters.

A. what to pursue

B. which to pursue

C. whether to pursue

D. if to pursue

10.Since we have a focused subject, we should not talk _______.

A. at once

B. at hand

C. at intervals

D. at random Ⅱ.Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item)

下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并将选项号填在答题纸的相应位置上。

Economists believe that job earnings influence choice of occupation. They acknowledge that people place varying emphasis __11__income, but point out that workers tend to move from one occupation to another __12__changes in salaries. In 1931, H. F. Clark, an economist, stated that ―proper information regarding wages if sufficiently __13__ upon people, will lead to correct choice of occupation and correct __14__ of people in an occupation, provided barriers to occupations have been removed.‖ This means that the supply and demand of workers have __15__to do with wages, __16__in turn influence people to choose certain careers.. However, all barriers to occupations will have to be removed __17__ career choices can be __18__ by economics alone. There is little question __19__economic factors have some influence on choice of an occupation. But to picture them as the major or most important reason __20__ against the s oundest of folk wisdom: ―Man does not live by bread alone.‖

11.A.in B. on C. into D. for

12.A.despite B. other than C. through D. because of

13.A.to impressB. to be impressed C. impress D. impressed

14.A.number B. amount C. deal D. quantity

15.A.many B. much C. lot D. nothing

16.A.it B. that C. which D. where

17.A.before B. after C. until D. when

18.A.expected B. explained C. expressed D. exposed

19.A.that B. which C. as D. when

20.A.to go B. going C. goes D. go

Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension (30 points, 2 points for each item)

从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个

最佳答案，并将选项号填在答题纸的相应位置上。Passage One

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

“No man is an island,‖ wrote the poet John Donne several centuries ago. He was acknowledging one of our most distinctive characteristics: the fact that we are social animals whose behavior and personalities are shaped by the groups to which we belong.

Throughout life, most of our daily activities are performed in the company of others. Whether our purpose is working, playing, raising a family, learning, or simply relaxing, we usually pursue it in groups, even if the group is as small as two or three people. Our need for human contacts is not merely a practical one; it is a deep psychological need as well. If people are deprived of the company of others for prolonged periods, mental breakdown is the usual result. Even the Geneva Convention(日内瓦公约), an international agreement that regulates the treatment of prisoners of war, recognizes this need. It regards solitary(孤独的) imprisonment for more than thirty day as a cruel form of torture(折磨).

In its strictest sense, a group is a collection of people interacting together in an orderly way on the basis of shared expectations about one another's behavior. As result of this interaction, members feel a common sense of ―belonging.‖ They distinguish members from nonmembers and expect certain kinds of behavior from outsiders.

21.By ―No man is an island,‖ John Donne means _____.

A. no one can live on an island alone

B. a man is not surrounded by sea on all sides

C. a man and an island are irrelevant

D. no one can live in isolation from other people

22.The fact that we work or even play in groups illustrates the point that ____.

A. people are different from animals

B. Donne recognized the group to which he belonged

C. human beings are social animals

D. human behavior and personalities are formed by others

23.―Breakdown‖ as used in Line 6, Paragraph 2 most probably denotes ____.

A. separation

B. collapse

C. analysis

D. function

24.According to the passage, what is NOT a characteristic of group?

A. There are at least two people in it.

B. The members share some common grounds.

C. The members work for one purpose.

D. The members interact regularly with each other.

25.This passage is mainly about _______.

A. the importance of human contacts

B. patterns of human behavior

C. the importance of human activities

D. patterns of human society

Passage Two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

The word health can be used in a number of ways. In the past, health was only the absence of disease or illness. Today, though, health has a broader meaning. Health is the state of your well-being that includes how you feel physically, mentally, and socially. Wellness is another term that describes this broader view of health. You can understand the need for a broader definition if you think about how health in your life is different from health in your grandparents' lives. In 1900, the main causes of death were diseases that were spread by bacteria(细菌) and viruses(病毒).If you had lived then, the danger of your dying from pneumonia(肺炎) would have been three times greater than the danger of your dying from cancer.

The diseases that were most common in 1900 affected people of all ages. It is not surprising, then that around 1900, the emphasis of health was on freedom from illness. Today many of the diseases that were common in 1900 can be prevented or cured by improved medicines and methods of sanitation(卫生). Most diseases now are likely to occur later in life. You as a teenager will probably not have to think about the same threats to your health as your grandparents did.

These improvements in health conditions mean that not only can you now enjoy a better life, but you also have a greater chance of having a longer life. Controlling diseases has increased the life expectancy in the United States. Generally, people born more recently have higher life expectancies. Since 1900, the life expectancy in the United States has increased by more than 27 years. It has increased from 47 years for those born in 1900 to 74 years 1981.

26. According to Paragraph 1, health and wellness ______.

A. can be used interchangeably on all occasions

B. are different in that the latter has a broader sense

C. had the same meaning in the past

D. both refer to the state of your well-being

27. Which of the following statements is true?

A. Diseases caused by bacteria and viruses were incurable in 1900.

B. Bacteria and viruses are the main causes of death today.

C. Medicines for curing pneumonia were not available in 1900.

D. Pneumonia caused as many deaths in 1900 as cancer does today.

28. ―Life expectancy‖ in the last paragraph most probably means ____.

A. the kind of life that a person may expect to live

B. the mode of life that a group of people have lived

C. the length of time that a person or an animal has lived

D. the length of time that people may expect to live

29. On an average, people in America who were born in 1900 ______.

A. had a life-span of 74 years

B. lived a shorter but better life than those born later

C. lived to 47 years of age

D. lived 27 years longer than those born in 1981

30.The intended readers of the passage are _______.

A. teenagers

B. the diseased

C. adults

D. aged people

Passage Three

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage. Most Americans would have a difficult time telling you, specifically, what the values are which Americans live by. They have never given the matter any thought.

Over the years I have introduced thousands of international visitors to life in the United States. This has caused me to try to look at Americans through the eyes of foreign visitors; I am confident that the values listed in this booklet describe most (but not all) Americans, and that understanding these

values can help you, the international visitor, understand Americans.

It is my belief that if foreign visitors really understand how deeply these 13 values are ingrained in Americans, they will then be able to understand 95% of American actions —actions which might otherwise appear ―strange,‖ ―confusing,‖ or ―unbelievable‖ when evaluated from the perspective of the foreigner's own society and its values. The different behaviors of a people or a culture make sense only when seen through the basic beliefs, assumptions and values of that particular group. When you encounter an action, or hear a statement in the United States which surprises you, try to see it as an expression of one or more of the values listed in this booklet.

31. Can an ordinary American tell you his/her value system?

A. Yes, because this is something an American lives by.

B. No, because everyone will have his/her own system.

C. No, because he/she has never thought about it.

D. Yes, because values are something often in their thought.

32. The author lists 13 values in his booklet to _____.

A. invite foreigners to visit America

B. look at Americans through the eyes of foreign visitors

C. describe the confusing actions of most Americans

D. help international visitors understand Americans

33. The word ―ingrained‖ in Line 2, Paragraph 3 most probably means _____.

A. rooted in the minds

B. found in the grains

C. planted for food

D. prepared with grain

34.Visitors sometimes find Americans behave in a strange, confusing or unbelievable way, probably because _____.

A. Americans are hard to understand

B. Americans have values which are entirely different from their own

C. they view Americans according to the values in their own society

D. it is difficult to understand any people when you first encounter them

35. How can you understand a surprising behavior or statement of an American when you visit the United States?

A. By linking it to the basic beliefs, assumptions and values of the Americans.

B. By comparing it with the values of yourself and your country.

C. By expressing one or more of the values in this booklet.

D. By looking at the particular group of people who behave or speak that way.

PART TWO第二部分非选择题（共50分）

Ⅳ.Word Spelling (10 points, 1 point for two items)

将下列汉语单词译成英语。作为提示，每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。

36.护照n. p 37.毕业生n. g

38.减轻；救济n. r 39.货物，船货n. c 40.深奥的，深刻的a. p 41.使延长v. l

42.城市的 a. u 43.任命v. a

44.诚实n. h 45.强迫v. c

46.批评的，批判的a. c 47.献身，忠诚n. d 48.效率高的 a. e 49.手工的a. m

50.日常工作，常规n. r 51.中立的a. n 52.朝气蓬勃的 a. y 53.提高v. h 54.附加的；另外的 a. a 55.家庭的；家庭 a.& n. h Ⅴ.Word Form (10 points, 1 point for each item)

将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。

56.______(stand) at the gate was a young man in green coat.

57. It is said the conference is ______(hold) in this hall next month.

58. Little did they realize that they _____(make) an important discovery in science.

59. We would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere _____(appreciate) of your help.

60. As research techniques become more advanced, the number of animals used in experiments may decrease, but stopping ____(test) on animals altogether is a long way away.

61 .Large or fat people who want to look ____(small) than they are usually wear dark clothes.

62. Robots, becoming ______(increase) prevalent in factories, are programmed and engineered to do more jobs.

63. The author of the text expresses a strong _____(disapprove) of working on and off frequently.

64. He would have given you more help, if he ______ (not be) so busy.

65. A life _____(live)without fantasy and daydreaming is a really poor life indeed.

Ⅵ.Translation from Chinese into English (15 points, 3 points for each item)

将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。

66.图书管理员要求学生读完杂志后放回原处。

67.警察已着手对这个案子进行细致、全面的调查。

68.你是否把所有的钱都从银行里取出来由你自己决定。

69.他对妻子要离开他的威胁没有在意。

70.如果你坚持不听我的话，我就是要惩罚你。

Ⅶ.Translation from English into Chinese (15 points)

将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。

When we talk about intelligence, we do not mean the ability to get good scores on certain kinds of tests or the ability to do well in school. By intelligence we mean a way of living and behaving, especially in a new or upsetting situation.

For instance, when in a new situation, an intelligent person thinks not about himself or what might happen to him. He tries to find out all he can, and then predicts the situation, acts immediately and tries to do something about it. He probably isn't sure how it will all work out, but at least he tries. And if he cannot make things work out right, he doesn't feel ashamed that he has failed; he just tries to learn from his mistakes. An intelligent person, even if he is very young, has a special outlook on life, a special feeling about life, and knows how to fit into it.

2002年10月自考英语(二)试卷PART ONE

Ⅰ. V ocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each item)

从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，将相应的字母填在答题纸相应的位置上。

1. Make sure the label is firmly ______ to the parcel before you mail it.

A. attributed

B. accustomed

C. adjusted

D. attached

2. ______leisure was generally considered a waste of time.

A. Not until recently

B. Not recently

C. Until recently

D. Recently until

3. Man's greatest energy comes not from his physical strength ______ his dreams.

A. except from

B. yet from

C. however from

D. but from

4. It is ______ to avoid rich foods if you are feeling ill.

A. senseless

B. sensible

C. sentimental

D. sensitive

5. If you are walking away from a clock tower, you will hear the ticking of the clock fade to a point ______ it cannot be heard.

A. which

B. what

C. where

D. how

6. The moon turns round the earth, just ______ the earth circles round the sun.

A. therefore

B. as

C. thus

D. so

7. He said he was ______ the origin of the universe.

A. speculating upon

B. coinciding with

C. putting into operation

D. distinguishing between

8. A good manager identifies the interest of his employees ______ his own.

A. to

B. with

C. for

D. between

9. We have a ___ experience of continued living than any society that has preceded us anywhere.

A. very more greater

B. very many greater

C. much more greater

D. very much greater

10. While ______ your imagination, you should be alone and completely undisturbed.

A. exercising

B. exercises

C. to exercise

D. exercised Ⅱ. Cloze Test(10 points, 1 point for each item)

在下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，将相应的字母填在答题纸相应的位置上。

Business card exchanges are an important part of any international business meeting. To show how people exchange a business card, we will examine it as __11__ by an American in Japan.

First, the cards should be in English on one side and Japanese on the other. It is important that the company and title __12__ noticeably positioned. The cards should be kept in a card holder in the jacket pocket. Never keep the cards in a wallet or a pocketbook. The presentation of the card is done at the beginning of the meeting. Cards are presented __13__ the giver's name(Japanese side) __14__ the receiver. The card can be __15__ by one or preferably two hands accompanied by a slight bow. __16__ receiving a card, the receiver should study it carefully to determine the status of the person he is meeting. Since meetings usually __17__ more than one person, each card __18__ should be placed on the table in front of the receiver __19__ he can tell who he is speaking with. The receiver should avoid shuffling(摆弄) the cards, placing them in his wallet, or writing on them __20__ the giver. The business card is the symbol of the organization; therefore it should be treated with the greatest respect.

11. A. checked out B. worn outC. turned outD. carried out

12. A. be B. is C. will be D. might be

13. A. with B. for C. to D. on

14. A. faced B. facing C. faces D. face

15. A. declaredB. delivered C. delayedD. despised

16. A. InB. For C. On D. With

17. A. intend B. involve C. incline D. inflict

18. A. receiving B. receive C. receivesD. received 19. A. in case B. for fear C. so that D. such that

20. A. in the presence of B. in the absence of

C. in place of

D. in honor of

Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension (30 points, 2 points for each item)

从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，将相应的字母填在答题纸上的相应位置上。Passage One

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. Pigs, fishponds and crops---all housed in tall buildings. This is a vision of industrial farming in the Netherlands(荷兰). In a world concerned about the environment and transport, would it not make sense to concentrate food production next to a harbor and an airport? And since humans can live in tall buildings, why not pigs and fish?

The creative minds behind a government report suggest just this for a site at Rotterdam(鹿特丹) very close to mainland Europe's largest port.

The scale is vast: imagine 10 football fields, six floors of equal area, at total of 500 acres (英亩) stretching skywards. The building, known as Deltapark, visualizes 300,000 pigs, 1.2 million chickens, tens of thousands of fish and a giant vegetable growing area all under one roof. The pigs could enjoy more space than on an average pig farm, and end their days in the slaughterhouse downstairs. Space without daylight in the giant building could be used for cultivating mushrooms(蘑菇) which grow well in the dark.

Higher up, greenhouses full of tomatoes and flowers, grown in nutrient solutions collected from elsewhere in the building, would profit from the light. The system is theoretically a complete farming cycle, with one activity feeding another and everything being recycled.

Deltapark is to be run by managers, not farmers. It has nothing to do with agriculture as we now know it, and so far, only exists on paper. But the idea has created a heated debate in the Netherlands and attracted attention abroad.

21. According to the passage, a multi-story farm ______ in the Netherlands.

A. is under construction

B. is about to be put to use

C. has been proposed

D. might cause severe criticism

22. According to the report, which of the following is NOT true?

A. Deltapark occupies an area of 10 football fields.

B. Deltapark has a floor space of 500 acres.

C. Deltapark has six floors.

D. Deltapark is on a steep slope.

23. What is the meaning of "slaughterhouse" in Line 5, Paragraph 3?

A. A house where animals are fed.

B. A house where animals are kept in the daytime.

C. A place where animals stay for the night.

D. A place where animals are killed for food.

24. It is supposed in Paragraph 4 that ______.

A. the flowers would be nourished by liquids gathered outside the building

B. the tomatoes and flowers would benefit from daylight

C. the vegetable growing area would be lit by electric lights

D. the system would be far from self-sufficient in production

25. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

A. Farm of the Future?

B. Animal Farm?

C. Field of Your Dreams?

D. Animal Farm or Vegetable Farm?

Passage Two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

A few years ago I was shopping with a friend and his 12-year-old daughter in downtown San Francisco. A street musician, whom my friend happened to know from his own musician days, was playing the saxophone(萨克斯管) on a street corner. His name was Clifford, and he had attracted a large crowd with his performance. After he finished, my friend introduced him to me and his daughter. Clifford asked her if she played any instrument. When she replied that she was taking trumpet(小号) lessons and played in her junior high school band, he said, "That's fine, little lady. Learn your instrument well and you can play anything. "

Somehow these simple yet wise words struck me as appropriate not only for a trumpet player but also for a reader. If you learn to read well, you can read anything you want---not just newspapers and magazines, but more difficult material like philosophy, file criticism, military history---whatever interests you as your confidence grows. You would not be limited in any way. If you have the vocabulary---or at least a good dictionary near at hand---you can pick up a book, concentrate on it, and make sense of the author's words.

In the United States, reading instruction often ends at elementary school, so students sometimes have difficulty as they progress through school. They must take their assignments armed only with their elementary school reading skills. The result, too often, is frustration and loss of confidence. And the assigned reading in your college courses will be even greater than they were in high school. Developing Reading Skills is designed to accomplish several tasks : to show you the skills that will enable you to read with greater comprehension, to help you cope with reading assignments with confidence, and to teach you to become an active reader.

26. The author develops his point by starting with ______.

A. an example

B. an incident

C. a statement

D. a contrast

27. Which of the following statements is implied in Paragraph 1?

A. Clifford was good at playing the saxophone.

B. The author's friend was once a street musician.

C. The 12-year-old girl played the trumpet very poorly.

D. Clifford was a good music teacher.

28. "Struck … as appropriate" in Line 1, Paragraph 2 most probably means ______.

A. seemed to be appropriate

B. proved to be appropriate

C. happened to be appropriate

D. found to be appropriate

29. With good reading skills, you can ______.

A. understand anything you read without difficulty

B. work out the author's meaning if only you concentrate on the book

C. understand what you read with the help of a good dictionary

D. concentrate on whatever you read

30. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that Developing Reading skills ______.

A. is directed to elementary school students

B. centers around vocabulary building skills

C. offers elementary reading skills

D. aims at helping students read better Passage Three

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.

If you asked people today why they used the telephone to communicate with their friends or why they turned to the television for entertainment, they would look at you as if you were crazy. We don't think about a telephone or a television or a car as being rare. These things have become such an essential part of life that they are no longer noticed, let alone remarked upon.

In the same way, within a decade no one will notice the Worldwide Web(互联网). It will just be there, an essential part of life. It will be a reflex to turn to the Web for shopping, education, entertainment and communication, just as it is natural today to pick up the telephone to talk to someone. There is an enormous interest in the Web. Yet it is still in its infancy(婴儿期). The technology and the speed of response are leaping forward. This will move more and more people to the Web as part of their everyday lives. Eventually, everyone's business card will have an electronic mail address. Every lawyer, every doctor and every business---from large to small ---will be connected.

To predict that it will take over ten years for these changes to happen is probably pessimistic(悲观的). We usually overestimate what we can do in two years and underestimate what we can do in ten. The Web will be as much a way of life as the car by 2008. probably before.

31. What is implied in Paragraph 1?

A. Only mad people would ask questions about telephones, TV sets and cars.

B. We don't usually ask people why they use the telephone, television and car.

C. Today televisions and cars are no longer as important as they used to be.

D. In some places, the telephone, television and car are still rare things.

32. According to the text, in ten years' time the Web will ______.

A. have become part of people's everyday life

B. be as cheap as the telephone of today

C. have lost its interest to people

D. no longer be an infant

33. The word "reflex" in Line 2, Paragraph 2 probably means _____.

A. automatic, unthinking act

B. something one is thinking over

C. reflection of other people's opinion

D. turning from the source

34. Technology for the Web _____.

A. has passed its infancy

B. is developing at a very rapid rate

C. has naturally moved more people together

D. is responding to the challenge of the world

35. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. The development of the Web has just started.

B. It will probably take less than ten years for the Web to become common.

C. Eventually the Web will be able to link all businesses together.

D. We are usually too optimistic when we talk about what we can do in ten years.

PART TWO

Ⅳ. Word Spelling (10 points, 1 point for two items)

将下列汉语单词译成英语。作为提示，每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。

36. 酬劳；报答v. r_ _ _ _ _ 37. 损失；遗失n. l_ _ _

38. 优点，长处n. m_ _ _ _

39. 欠(债等) v. o_ _ 40. 球形的；全球的a. g_ _ _ _ _ 41. 郊区n. s_ _ _ _ _

42. 激情n. p_ _ _ _ _ _ 43. 使恢复v. r_ _ _ _ _ _ 47. 评论n. c_ _ _ _ _ _

48. 科学n. s_ _ _ _ _ _ 49. 可爱的a. l_ _ _ _ _ 50. 祖先n. a_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 51. 两倍的a. d_ _ _ _ _

52. 内部的；内在的a. i_ _ _ _ _ _ _

53. 媒介物n. m_ _ _ _ _ 54. 淹没v. f_ _ _ _ 55. 聚焦v. f_ _ _ _

Ⅴ. Word Form (10 points, 1 point for each item)

将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。

56. The student failed ______ (distinguish) between the two nouns in the examination.

57. The boy stayed there reading his textbook, ______(total) unaware of his mother's presence.

58. The novel is said ______ (translate) into twelve languages in the past ten years.

59. People all over the world ______(try)their best to make the world safer than it is now.

60. In 1991, after the Gulf War, Bush's approval rating reached 91 percent, the highest level ______(record) since polling began in the 1930s.

61. If we hadn't got everything ready by now, we ______(have) a terrible time tomorrow.

62. The conditions that existed ten years ago were similar to what they ______(be) today.

63. A ______(brilliant) student would have passed the difficult exam.

64. ______(save) the child, the soldier sacrificed his life.

65. It started to rain as soon as they ______(reach) home. Ⅵ. C-E Translation (15 points, 3 points for each item)

将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。

66. 我们已经认识到绿色环境有多么重要。

67. 他正试图说服学生回教室去。

68. 这些老人非常高兴在危险的地方面临挑战。

69. 他很有音乐天赋，但是谈到绘画，他就一窍不通了。

70. 这在二十年前会被看作是不可能的。(注：用虚拟语气) Ⅶ. E-C Translation(15 points)将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。

Today, growing numbers of people are changing careers or getting second starts in careers that have greater attraction to them. Motives or reasons for changing careers vary widely, but many people move because they feel bored. For some, a second start grows out of the realization that what they want out of life is not what they are doing, and they decide to do those things they enjoy and believe to be important. Certainly, time spent in one occupation is likely to narrow the range of later occupational choices; very few people start a completely new career in mid-life. Most people move to a related field that involves a minimum of training.

2003年4月自考英语(二)试题I. Vocabulary and Structure（10 points, 1 point for each item）从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

1. It took a long time for her to ______ the fact that her husband was dismissed.

A. come up against

B. come up to

C. come up with

D. come to terms with

2.Was it in that school ______ he developed his interest in physics？

A. which

B. from which

C. where

D. that

3.______ for your help，I would not have overcome the psychological pressures and tensions.

A. Not been

B. Without being

C. Had it not been

D. Not having been

4.______ nothing to say，the boy shied way from the crowd.

A. Have

B. Having

C. Had

D. Having being

5.As activity carried ______ as one thinks fit in one’s spare time，leisure has several functions.

A. on

B. out

C. off

D. over

6.Why do you blame him for his poor judgment on the matter ______ he really needs is encouragement？

A. when that

B. since that

C. when what

D. now that

7.The other timing system belongs in our internal clocks，which，left ______ , would tie the body to a 25-hour rhythm.

A. behind

B. alone

C. out

D. aside

8.It has been years ______ I returned home.

A. after

B. that

C. since

D. when

9.We?ll ke ep you ______ any news.

A. up to date with

B. in step with

C. in line with

D. in terms of

10.I‘d like to go to the cinema，but I’m ______ to.

A. enable

B. disable

C. unable

D. able

II. CIose Test（10points，1point for each item）下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

Japan is a small country with few natural resources. -11- this，Japanese productivity，the rate at which goods are produced，-12- more than eleven times in the past thirty years. Many people in the West wonder how the Japanese do it. The key -13- Japan’s success can be discovered by looking at some basic differences between Japanese and Western attitudes towards work.

People in the west generally view work -14- a necessary evil---one must give up part of one‘s freedom to earn the money needed to live. To the Japanese, however，work is the central interest of one’s life; it‘s -15- that a Japanese establishes his identity.

A Japanese business firm is like a family. When an employee joins a company, he expects to work for that company for the rest of his working life; -16- is anyone dismissed. Promotion is based on the seniority system，the length of employment -17- one’s rank in the company. Those at the bottom do not -18- chances for promotion because those at the top retire at a certain age -19- others may have their turn. In addition, the difference between the lowest and the highest salaries is much less than -20- in the West.

11.A.Because of B. As for C. Although D. Despite

12.A.have increased B. has increased

C. are increasing

D. is increasing

13.A.to B. of C. for D. in

14.A.like B. for C. about D. as

15.A.this B. that C. here D. where

16.A.barely B. rarely C. occasionally D. frequently

17.A.determinesB. has determined C. determining

D. to determine

18.A.care aboutB. care forC. worry aboutD. concern with

19.A.in that B. such that C. for that D. so that

20.A.that B. those C. one D. ones III、Reading Comprehension（30 points，2 points for each item）从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。Passage One

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

talks more，women or men? The seemingly conflicting evidence is resolved by the difference between what I call public and private speaking. More men feel comfortable doing “public speaking,”while more women feel comfortable doing “private”speaking. Another way of capturing these differences is by using the terms reporter-talk.

For most women，the language of conversation is primarily a language of rapport: a way of establishing connections and negotiating relationships. Emphasis is placed on displaying similarities and matching experiences. From childhood, girls criticize their friends who try to stand out or appear better than others. People feel their closest connections at home, or in places where they feel at home—with one or a few people they feel close to and comfortable with---in other words, during private speaking. But even the most public situations can be approached like private speaking.

For most men, talk is primarily a means to preserve independence and negotiate and maintain status in a hierarchical（等级制度的）social order. This is done by exhibiting knowledge and skill，and by holding center stage through verbal performance such as story-telling, joking，or conveying information. From childhood，men learn to use talking as a way to get and keep attention. Therefore，they are more comfortable speaking in larger groups made up of people they know less well，in the broadest sense, “public speaki ng‖. But even the most private situations can b e approached like public speaking, more like giving a report than establishing rapport.

21. A similar term for ―private talking‖ is ______.

A. report-talk

B. rapport-talk

C. persuasive-talk

D. women‘s talk

22. When women talk, they tend to ______.

A. admire their friends who stand out

B. make others feel at home

C. approach public situations like private talking

D. seek close relationship with other speakers

23. Men talk in order to ______.

A. make new friends

B. share experience

C. argue with others D .attract attention

24. The purpose of this passage is to ______.

A. contrast the male and female talking styles

B. prove that men talk more effectively than women

C. analyze why men and women are different

D. draw people?s attention to the difference between men and women

25.Which of the following is true？

A. Men talk more than women.

B. Men feel more comfortable making a public speech than women.

C. Men are more knowledgeable than women.

D. Men are more independent than women.

Passage Two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

The best example of how associations influence eating is that we often eat not because we‘re hungry but because it‘s ―lunchtime,‖ because foods smell good, or because our friends are eating.

More evidence that associations influence eating comes from marketing and advertising pressures to sell foods by offering huge servings. For example，movie theatre offer an extra large box of popcorn（爆玉米花），which，at almost 900 calories，is equivalent to a major meal. Health professionals warn that as children, adolescents（青少年）, and adults learn to prefer large portions and tasty foods high in fat，sugar，and calories，there has been a corresponding increase in rates of being over weight（from 25％in 1988 to 34％in 1998）. Researchers are especially concerned about the continued rates of overweight and obesity（肥胖）in children since childhood obesity very difficult to treat and an obese child has a high probability of becoming an obese adult with the associated health risks we discussed earlier.

Health professionals suggest that to avoid future increases in rates of overweight and obesity, we need to try hard to forget many of our food associations, which primarily involve decreasing size of food portions，increasing levels of activity to burn off excess calories.

26. The influence of food association can be seen clearly from the example that we often eat NOT because ______. A. it?s time for lunch B. we‘re hungry C. foods smell delicious D. our friends are eating

27.From the passage we can infer that the ―serving‖ in the second paragraph most probably means ______.

A. an amount of food

B. a special service

C. a meal

D. some calories

28.According to the author, because of an unhealthy food preference，the increase in rates of being overweight was almost ______ during the ten years from 1988 to 1998.

A.10 per cent

B.20 per cent

C.30 per cent

D.40 per cent

29.According to the passage，an obese child is .

A. less at risk of heart diseases

B. healthily fat

C. very hard to get along with

D. more likely to become an obese adult

30.In order to avoid future increases in rates of overweight and obesity，we need to do all the following EXCEPT ______.

A. make an effort to forget our food association

B. eat less high-fat food

C. do more exercise to consume excess calories

D. eat less food

Passage Three

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage Labor force is defined as being the total number of people who are available to work and earn income. This

definition includes everyone who is employed or seeking paid employment，so it includes employers and the self-employed. Labor is one of the count ry‘s resources which can be combined with other resources to produce the goods and services wanted by the community.

Although the size of the workforce depends a great deal on the size of the total population，there are several other influences which also affect it. The age distribution of the total population has a very marked effect on the available workforce. If the population has a high proportion of very young people or of those too old to work，then the available workforce would be lower than if there were an evenly spread age distribution. If the population naturally grows rapidly，i.e. the number of births greatly exceeds the number of deaths, then as a total population increases proportion of the work-force declines.

Sometimes a population is described as aging which means that the birth rate is either falling or growing very slowly, and as people retire from the workforce there are insufficient numbers of young people entering it to replace those who are leaving it. The population is top-heavy（头重脚轻）with older people. So the percentage of the population in the workforce declines when there is either a rapid increase in births or a falling birth rate.

The age distribution of the population has several important effects on the economy. If the population is aging and there is an increase in the number of people retiring without a corresponding increase in the number entering the workforce，this raises the problem of the ability of the economy to provide a reasonable level of social services to the retired group. If the aged are to be cared for in special homes，finance must be available for that purpose. If the size of the workforce is small relative to the total population，then the government tax revenue is relatively low and either the government has less money available to it or the workforce members have to be taxed more heavily.

31. Labor force is referred to as ______.

A. people who are available to work and earn income

B. self-employed people only

C. only those who are looking for an employment

D. only the employers

32.According to the passage, which of the following factors is NOT mentioned as an influence on the workforce？

A. The size of the population.

B. The age distribution of the population.

C. The national economy.

D. The number of births and deaths.

33.The conclusion which can be drawn safely from the second paragraph is that ______.

A. a population growth from natural increase leads to a greater proportion of the workforce

B. a large population does not necessarily mean a higher proportion of workforce

C. the larger the number of the aged in a population，the higher the proportion of the workforce

D. if the population has an evenly spread age distribution，the workforce will be lower

34.When a population is said to be aging, ______.

A. there are more people retiring than those entering the workforce

B. the birth rate must be growing

C. there should be an oversupply of workforce

D. young people outnumber old people

35. The population which is top-heavy with older people exerts pressure on ______.

A. the employers

B. the self-employers

C. the young people

D. the economy of the country

Part Two

IV. Word Spelling（10 points，1 point for two items）

将下列汉语单词译成英语。作为提示，每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。

36.专门小组n. p 37.象征的a. s

38.促进；发扬v. p

39.给人印象深刻的a. i 40.交换；交流v. e 41.协调；和谐n. h 42.引入歧途的a. m 43.完全，总共ad. a 44.下来，下降v. d 45.天文台；了望台n. o 46.财政的，金融的a.f 47.闪闪发光，闪烁v. g 48.生物学n. b

49.推迟，延期v. p 50.加强，巩固v. s 51.相应地d. a 52.志愿者，志愿兵n. v 53.暂时的，临时的a. t 54.维持；维修n. m 55.积累，积聚v. a

V. Word Forms（10 points，1 point for each item）将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。56.It’s time something ______ （do）about the traffic problem downtown.

57.For managers，every decision has constraints ______ （base）on policies，procedures and laws.

58.Many a writer of newspaper articles ______ （turn）to writing novels during the past decade.

59.There ______ （estimate）to be more than 20，000 overseas domestic servants working in Britain in 1995.

60.As I‘ll be away for a year，I’d appreciate ______ （hear）from you now and then.

61.The effect of rapid travel on the body is actually far ______ （disturb）than we realize.

62.What developed was a music readily ______ （take）on various forms and capable of an almost limitless range of expression.

63.Many other new techniques are available that enable more research ______ （do）in the test tube.

64.______ （not, get）enough hands，she had great difficulty in accomplishing the task.

65.A Filipino maid was executed is Singapore after ______ （convict）of murder.

VI. Translation from Chinese into English（15 points，3 points for each item）

将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。

66.企业必须对市场需求敏感。

67.如果你不努力学习，你就没有可能在竞赛中取胜。

68.他能否按时到达，现在还不得而知。

69.人们对于如何达到这个目标有不同的看法。

70.现在的问题不是读什么书而是怎样读书。

VII. Translation from English into Chinese（15 points）

将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。

In addition to the need for food，man also has need for

some kind of protection from heat and cold, and from wind and rain. The first homes of man were very simple. The size and kind of buildings which he built were limited by his technical knowledge and also by the kind of building materials （which were）available to him. Climate also had an important influence. In some places，man’s home would be nothing more than a cave in the side of a hill, with a fire at the entrance to give light and warmth and to keep dangerous wild animals away. In warmer areas primitive man could use branches to make a framework which he then covered with leaves.

2003年10月自考英语(二)试题PART ONEⅠV ocabulary and Structure （10 points, 1 point for each item）

从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并写在答题纸的相应括号内。

1. He had a large（）of facts to prove his statements.

A. sum

B. amount

C. deal

D. number

2.（）Japanese, she has to study another foreign language.

A. Except

B. Except for

C. In addition to

D. Beside

3.It is not until about the time a child enters school（）outside forces contribute to feelings about the self.

A. when

B. which

C. who

D. that

4.Scientists will have to come up（）new methods of increasing the worlds food supply.

A. to

B. with

C. against

D. for

5.It is impossible to solve（）in such a short time.

A. so difficult a problem

B. so difficult problem

C. a so difficult problem

D. so a difficult problem

6.The decision（）, the next problem was how to make a good plan.

A. having made

B. having been made

C. has been made

D. having been making

7.We take this opportunity of expressing our sincere （）of your help.

A. competition

B. attention

C. concentration

D. appreciation

8.An assembly line makes it impossible for a worker to do anything（）work.

A. other than

B. rather than

C. more than

D. better than

9.We must cut（）our expenses ，or well run out of money.

A. down

B. off

C. in

D. out

10.（）whether robots will one day have vision as good as human vision.

A. What is not yet known

B. It is not yet known

C. As is not yet known

D. This is not yet known Ⅱ.Cloze Test（10 points, 1 point for each item）下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并写在答题纸的相应括号内。

Five young engineers were working hard and trying 11 details of a plant site for a new client（客户）.

Suddenly one of the young engineers gave what he thought was a good solution to the problem. 12 he had to say was greeted by a（n）13 silence，for the same proposal had been made and 14 some minutes before.

The incident seemed funny 15 . But later it didn‘t. After the project had been successfully finished, most of the engineers who had worked on it were promoted. But that young man was dismissed.

What had happened？The young engineer swore that he had never heard the proposal 16.He was right. He was a 17 of a bad listening habit.

Bad listening habits can hurt you a lot in your daily life.

18 your success is related to how you listen. A number of leading colleges have become very concerned 19 our bad listening habits. They have set up ―listening clinics‖ and courses 20 what is wrong and what to do about it.

11.A.to be settled B. to settle C. to have settled D. settling

12.A.What B. Why C. Which

D. That

13.A.uncomfortable B. comfortable C. dissatisfied

D. satisfied

14.A.turned over B. turned off C. turned down

D. turned on

15.A.behind time B. in time C. at the same time D. at that time

16.A.rejecting B. reject C. to have rejected D. rejected

17.A.witness B. victim C. criminal

D. prisoner

18.A.Much of B. Many of C. Large sum of

D. Large quantity of

19.A.of B. for C. to

D. about

20.A.find out B. finding out C. to find out

D. to be finding out

Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension（30 points, 2 points for each item）阅读下列短文，并从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并写在答题纸的相应括号内。

Passage One

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

In ancient times the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually consisted of saying poetry loud or giving speeches. In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing students for the doctor degree.

Generally, however, modern examinations are written. The written examination, where all students are tested on the same questions, was probably not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase in population and the development of modern industry. A room full of examinees for a state examination, timed exactly by an electric clock and carefully watched over by managers, resembles a group of workers at an automobile factory. Certainly, during examinations teachers and students are expected to act like machines.

One type of test is sometimes called ―objective‖ tes t. It is intended to deal with facts, not personal opinions. To make up an objective test, the teacher writes a series of questions, each of which has only one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three other statements that look like answers to students who have not learned the material well enough.

21.Which of the following statements is true about students

自考英语二历年试题真题及答案

2011年7月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）试卷 I. Vocabulary and. Structure (10 points, 1 point each) 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 1 .Students should_____their own interests as well as do their schoolwork. A. persuade B .pursue C. persist 2. I'd like to remind you that there is no_____on the part of suspects to answer questions. A. obligation 3. He blamed his poor performance_____jet lag. B .for 4 .We_____knowledge from our families,schools,jobs,and the mass media. 5. Not until recently_____that Thompson had ben telling the truth all along. realized I realize did realize I 6. I don’t need any help at the moment,but I_____your offer. 7 .The sad condition of women working as house servants around the world received much media_____early this year. A .importance B. attention 8 .She has no hostility to us, _____can be judged from her eyes. A. that 9 .When you're_____ a crisis, it often helps to talk to someone. through in for after over on whether the message is right or wrong should at least come after _____what the message is. out out out out II. Cloze Test (10 points,1 point each) 下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 People in all parts of the world are observing "No Tobacco Day". It is the day 11 the World Health Organization (WHO) appeals to people to stop using tobacco products. WHO hopes if people stop smoking cigarettes or 12 tobacco for one day, they will stop permanently. Health experts have warned for years that smoking can lead to heart disease, cancer and other 13 ．WHO says diseases linked to smoking kill 14 2,500,000 persons each year. Still, many people find it 15 stopping smoking. One reason is nicotine, a substance found in cigarettes. Nicotine is a drug. Its effects are 16 those of cocaine and heroin. "No Tobacco Day" is intended for smokers and 17 who earn money from tobacco sales. So businesses are urged to stop selling tobacco products for twenty-four hours. 18 are urged not to carry advertisements for cigarettes. WHO has approved plans to help reach its 19 of a "smoke-free" world. They urge governments to take action to help 20 make money by growing other crops. They also call for improved public information campaigns about the risks of smoking. 11. A. whether B. which C. when D. what

自考 综合英语二 历年考试 真题 2007-10

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