济南外国语学校英捷培训中心精英班测试题（五）I．词汇练习。（20’）
一、按要求填词。（10分）
1. north (反义词)_______
2. have (现在分词)________
3.meet (同音词)_______
4. woman teacher (复数形式)__________
5.wtite (现在分词)________
6. they (形容词性物主代词)_________
7. children (单数) ____________ 8. long (反义词)___________
9. study (第三人称单数)_________ 10. swim (现在分词)______________
二、根据图片内容填空。（10’）
1. It?s ______________. Put on your raincoat.
2. The lady is ____________ the flower.
3. Look! He?s ___________ the piano. He can play very well.
4. Look at the girls. They are __________ happily.
5. He is __________ hard. Beacause he will have a test.
II. 单项选择. (20’)
( ) 1. Please do your homework by _________.
A. yourself
B. you
C. yours
D. your
( ) 2. Helen _________ come to see me, but she isn?t sure.
A. may
B. has to
C. can
D. must
( ) 3. Has your mother got _______new books? Yes, she has.
A. some
B. any
C. a
D. much
( ) 4. It?s very hot.Let?s st and ______the tree.
A. in
B. on
C. under
D. to
( ) 5. I?m thirsty. But there is _____ water in the bottle. So I?m bored.
A. little
B. a little
C. few
D. a few
( ) 6. Look, the bus is coming. Let?s ______ the bus.
A. get up
B. get on
C. get off
D. get in
( ) 7. May I use your bike ?__________.
A. Sure
B. That?s OK
C. Great
D. Thank you
( ) 8. It?s so hot. Please ____the window.
A. shut
B. clean
C. open
D. push
( ) 9. Look at the blackboard. There is ____ “L” in the word apple.
A. an
B. a
C. the
D. /
( ) 10. Which country was the third to launch (发射) a piloted (载人的) flight into space?_______
A. America
B. Japan
C. Germany
D. China
III．语言应用。（20’）
一、从Ⅱ栏中找出与Ⅰ栏相对应的回答语并把序号填写在括号内（10’）
ⅠⅡ
( ) 1.What?s that in English? A. W- A-T-C-H.
( ) 2.Can you spell it ,please? B. Yes, I can.
( ) 3.How do you spell “watch” C. It?s a watch.
( ) 4.Where?s my ruler? D. They are books.
( ) 5.What are these? E. It?s in my pencil case.
二、智力题（10?）
( ) 1.The young man is very excellent (优秀的). Now he is the top dog of a big company(公司). “top dog”
means________.
A. 幸运的
B. 权威人物
C. 忠诚的人
D. 聪明的人
( ) 2. “He is a lucky dog.”中的“dog” means_______.
( ) 3. What fruit is never found singly (一个一个地)
A. A pear
B. An apple
C. A banana
D. A pine-apple
( ) 4. Brown has two black cats, three white one and two black and white ones. how many cats has she in all?
A. Nine
B. Five
C. Eight.
D. Seven
( ) 5. How long does it take the Earth to turn once on its axis(轴)？
A. 12 hours
B. 2 hours
C. 24 hours.
D. 5 days.
IV.阅读理解。（20分）
（A）
A young boy is playing with a ball in the street . He kicks it too hard , and it breaks the window of a
house and falls inside . A lady comes to the window with the ball and shouts at the young boy .So the young boy runs away, but he still wants his ball back. A few minutes later he returns and knocks at the door of the house .When the lady answers it ,he says, “My father?s going to come and fix your window very soon.”
After a few more minutes, a man comes to the door with tools in his hands. So the lady lets the boy take his ball away.
When the man finishes fixing the window , he says to the lady, “That will cost you ten dollars.”
“But aren?t you the father of that young boy?” the woman asks, looking surprised. “Of course not,”he answers, “aren?t you his mother?”
根据文章内容，选出与短文内容相符合的句子。
( ) 1. A. The young boy breaks the window of his house.
B. The young boy breaks the window of the lady?s house.
( ) 2. A . The ball goes through the window.
B. The ball hits the window and falls into the lady?s house.
( ) 3. A. The young boy runs away because he is afraid of the lady.
B. The young boy runs away because he wants his ball back.
( ) 4 . A. The young boy goes to find a man who fixes the window.
B. The young boy goes to find his father.
( ) 5 . A. The man who fixed the lady?s window is not the boy?s father.
B. The man who fixed the lady?s window is the boy?s father.
( ) 6. A. The man thinks that the lady is the boy …s mother.
B. The man knows that the lady isn?t the boy?s mother.
（B）
Tom and Fred are students. They are both twelve years old, and they are in the same class in their school.
Last Friday afternoon they have a fight in class, and their teacher is very angry. He says to both of them, “Stay here after the lessons this afternoon, and write your names a hundred times.”
After the last lesson, all the other boys go home, but Tom and Fred stay in the classroom with their teacher. They begin writing their names.
The teacher looks at him and says , “Why are you crying ,Fred?”
says.
判断正误，在括号里填写“T”或“F”。
( )1.Tom and Fred are classmates.
( )https://www.doczj.com/doc/88911195.html,st Friday Fred and Tom have a fight in class, and their teacher is very happy.
( )3.Tom and Fred do not go home .They stay in the classroom and write their teacher?s name .
( )4.Fred begins crying, because he can?t write his name.
V. 看图写作。（20?）
根据所给图画及提示词，用英语写一篇短文。（6-----10个句子）
handkerchief手绢umbrella雨伞tie …to 把…捆在…stick 拐杖
现在进行时练习
一、写出下列动词的现在分词形式。(10?)
1. sleep ________________
2. climb ___________________
3. fight ________________
4. swing ________________
5. drink ______________________
6. eat __________________
7. put ________________ 8. shop _______________________ 9. sit _________________
10. walk ________________ 11. make ____________________ 12. live ___________________
13. come _________________ 14. arrive _____________________ 15. look _________________
16. move ___________________ 17. speak _______________________ 18. study _______________
19. play ______________________ 20. drive _____________________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空。(10?)
1. Tom and his father ___________________ (swim) now.
2. Look! They _________________（run）along the street.
3. What ____________ he _______________ (do) at nine?
4. They __________________ (listen) to the music at the moment.
5. ___________you ________________ (study) English? Yes, I am.
6. The children ________________________ (watch) TV now.
7. Look! The bus ___________________ (come).
8. Don?t make any noise. The baby ______________________ (sleep).
9. Turn off the radio. We _______________ (discuss) the problem.
10.The boy _____________________（play）computer games when his mom comes back home.
三、句型转换。(5?)
1. Some old women are dancing in the park. (改为否定句)
Some old women _________ _________ in the park.
2. I?m watching TV in my sitting room. (划线提问)
____________ _________ you ___________ in your sitting room?
3. The girls are singing in the room. (一般疑问句)
_________ the girls ___________ in the room?
4. The teachers are having a meeting. (划线提问)
__________ are the teachers having?
5. I study English. (改为现在进行时)
I ____________ _______________ English.
四、汉译英。（5?）
1. 我正在给我的朋友写信。
I _________ ___________ a letter to my friend.
2. 我正在看漫画书。
I __________ ______________comics.
3. 瞧！那天鹅正在水里游泳。
Look! The swam ___________ _____________ in the water.
4. 我能听见有人在唱歌。
I can hear someone _____________ _____________ .
5. 那只小象在吃香蕉。
The baby elephant ___________ ___________ bananas.
济南外国语学校英捷培训中心精英班测试题（五）
I 一、1. south 2 . having 3. meat 4. women teachers 5. writing 6. their
7. child 8. short 9. studies 10. swimming
二、1. raining 2. watering 3. playing 4. dancing 5. studying
II. 1—5 AABCA 6—10 BACAD
III. 一、1—5 CBAED 二、1—5 BBCDC
IV. A: BBAAAA B: TFFF
V.略
现在进行时练习
一、1. sleeping 2. climbing 3. fighting 4. swinging 5. drinking 6. eating 7. putting 8. shopping
9. sitting 10. walking 11. making 12. living 13. coming 14. arriving 15. looking
16. moving 17. speaking 18. studying 19. playing 20. driving
二、1. is swimming 2. are running 3. is doing 4. are listening 5. Are studying
6. are watching
7. is coming
8. is sleeping
9. are discussing 10. is playing
三、 1. aren?t dancing 2. What are , doing 3. Are singing 4. What 5. am studying
四、1. am writing 2. am reading 3. is swimming 4. is singing 5. is eating
G 单元 机械振动和机械波 机械振动 17．[2014·浙江卷] 一位游客在千岛湖边欲乘坐游船，当日风浪较大，游船上下浮动．可把游船浮动简化成竖直方向的简谐运动，振幅为20 cm ，周期为3.0 s ．当船上升到最高点时，甲板刚好与码头地面平齐．地面与甲板的高度差不超过10 cm 时，游客能舒服地登船．在一个周期内，游客能舒服登船的时间是( ) A ．0.5 s B ．0.75 s C ．1.0 s D ．1.5 s 17．C [解析] 本题考查简谐运动的知识点和建模能力．从平衡位置开始计时，游船的 振动方程x ＝20sin ????2π3t cm ，游客要舒服地登船需满足的条件Δx ＝20－x ≤10，解得0.25 s≤t ≤1.25 s ，故游客能舒服地登船的时间Δt ＝1.0 s ，选项C 正确． 5． [2014·四川卷] 如图所示，甲为t ＝1 s 时某横波的波形图像，乙为该波传播方向上某一质点的振动图像，距该质点Δx ＝0.5 m 处质点的振动图像可能是( ) 甲 乙 A B C D 5．A [解析] 从甲图可以得到波长为2 m ，从乙图可以得到周期为2 s ，即波速为1 m/s ；由乙图的振动图像可以找到t ＝1 s 时，该质点位移为负，并且向下运动，距该质点Δx ＝0.5 m 处的质点与该质点的振动情况相差T 4，即将乙图中的图像向左或右平移14 周期即可得到距该质点Δx ＝0.5 m 处质点的振动图像，故只有A 正确． 3．（2014·上海13校联考）一个做简谐振动的弹簧振子，周期为T ，振幅为A ，已知振
子从平衡位置第一次运动到x ＝A 2 处所用的最短时间为t 1，从最大的正位移处第一次运动到x ＝A 2 处所用的最短时间为t 2，那么t 1与t 2的大小关系是( ) A ．t 1＝t 2 B ．t 1＜t 2 C ．t 1＞t 2 D ．无法判断 3．B [解析] 振子从平衡位置到最大位移处，速度减小，振子从平衡位置第一次运动到x ＝A 2处的平均速度大于从最大的正位移处第一次运动到x ＝A 2处的平均速度，由t ＝x v 可知，t 1＜t 2，选项B 正确． 9. （2014·贵州六校联考）如图X27-8所示，质量M ＝0.5 kg 的框架B 放在水平地面上．劲度系数k ＝100 N/m 的轻弹簧竖直放在框架B 中，轻弹簧的上端和质量m ＝0.2 kg 的物体C 连在一起，轻弹簧的下端连在框架B 的底部，物体C 在轻弹簧的上方静止不动．现将物体C 竖直向下缓慢压下距离x ＝0.03 m 后释放，物体C 就在框架B 中沿竖直方向做简谐运动．在运动的过程中，框架B 始终不离开地面，物体C 始终不碰撞框架B 的顶部，已知重力加速度g 取10 m/s 2.求当物体C 运动到最低点时，物体C 的加速度和此时物体B 对地面的压力． 图X27-8 9．15 m/s 2 10 N [解析] 物体C 在轻弹簧上静止时，设弹簧的压缩量为x 0， 对物体C 有mg ＝kx 0 解得x 0＝0.02 m 当将物体C 从静止压下距离x 后释放，物体C 就以原来的静止位置为中心上下做简谐运动，振幅A ＝x ＝0.03 m. 当物体C 运动到最低点时， 对物体C 有k (x ＋x 0)－mg ＝ma 解得a ＝15 m/s 2.
Passage 1 Digital Cameras [00:45.70]①According to a standard definition, / [00:48.34]a digital camera is a camera that produces digital images / [00:53.63]that can be stored in a computer, displayed on a screen and printed. / [01:00.17]②Years ago people used to possess two different devices / [01:04.47] in order to take pictures and make videos. / [01:08.42]③The creation of digital cameras was motivated mainly by two factors. / [01:14.04]④First, need to spare space. / [01:17.78]⑤Second, make it more comfortable for people [01:21.07]to do both things with higher quality results. / [01:25.49]⑥The multi-functionalism of digital cameras [01:28.62]and the combination of several devices in one / [01:32.12]make it a popular choice for a modern man. / [01:35.99]⑦For years a digital camera has been unaffordable for many families. / [01:41.39]⑧However, the variety of digital cameras and various prices nowadays / [01:47.06]make it possible for almost every single family to buy a digital camera. / [01:52.92]⑨With increasingly fierce competition, / [01:55.51] the digital camera manufacturers satisfy customers [02:00.35]with lower prices but best quality standards. Passage 2 The Migration of Birds [00:48.91]①The most obvious feature of birds is that they can fly. / [00:52.81]②This facility gives them great mobility and control over their movements. / [00:58.39]③Many species can travel quickly and economically over long distances —/ [01:04.28]up to thousands of kilometers, / [01:07.14]if necessary, crossing seas, deserts or other inhospitable areas. / [01:13.46]④They also have great orientation and navigational skills, / [01:18.14]and are able to remember and re-find [01:21.42]remote places they have previously visited. / [01:24.61]⑤Birds can thereby occupy widely separated areas at different seasons, / [01:30.80]returning repeatedly to the same localities from year to year. / [01:35.76]⑥Although migration is evident in other animal groups, / [01:40.09]including insects, mammals, and fish, / [01:43.49]in none is it as widely and well developed as in birds. / [01:48.22]⑦The collective travel routes of birds span almost the entire planet. / [01:53.69]⑧As a result of migration, bird distributions are continually changing—/ [02:00.05]on regular seasonal patterns, and on local, regional or global scales. Passage 3
PartI I 一．单项选择。（共20 小题，每小题 1 分，共20 分。） 1. Do you like playing ______ by yourself ? A. on B. around C. with 2. Would you like _______ ice cream ? A. some B. any C. many 3. Have you finished _____ your homework? A. with B. do C. doing 4. I won ’t visit that place ______. A. any better B. more C. any more 5. How much are the _____? A. bread B. potatos C. tomatoes 6. Would you like some _______? A. milk B. milks C. milk ’s 7. They are from different _______. A. country B. countrys C. countries 8. Why are ______ interested in _______? A. Chinese , tea B. Chineses , teas C. Chinese , teas 9. Could you help ____ with ____English , please ? A. I , my B. me, me C. me，my 10. usually go to Church every Sunday 。 A The Browns B Brown C. the Brown 11. _____ young should look after ______ old. A. The, the B. A, A C. The, a 12. The little boy gets____on his way home. A. lose B. lost C. loses 13. I like going to school ______ foot. A. by B. on C. with 14. Can I try this dress_____. A. in B. on C. up 15. Either the apples or the milk_____ good for your health. A. is B. are C. do 16. When did you arrive______ the cinema? A. at B. in C. / 17. Mother bought two ______ for me. A. shoes B. pair of shoes C. pairs of shoes 18. I don’t have _____ money to buy a ticket to London. A. some B. many C. enough 19.Beef is usually a _______ in a meal. A. soup B. main course C. desert. 20._______ lives in the palace. A. Queen B. Queens C.The Queen 二．阅读理解,判断正误。（共15 小题，每小题 2 分，共30 分。）
机械振动机械波高考题汇编答案 一、选择题 1.2010·全国卷Ⅱ·15一简谐横波以4m/s的波速沿x轴正方向传播。已知t=0时的波形如图所示，则 A．波的周期为1s B．x=0处的质点在t=0时向y轴负向运动 C．x=0处的质点在t= 1 4 s时速度为0 D．x=0处的质点在t= 1 4 s时速度值最大 2.2010·福建·15一列简谐横波在t=0时刻的波形如图中的实线所示，t=0.02s时刻的波形如图中虚线所示。若该波的周期T大于0.02s，则该波的传播速度可能是 A.2m/s B.3m/s C.4m/s D.5m/s 答案：B 3. 2010·上海物理·2利用发波水槽得到的水面波形如a,b所示，则 （A）图a、b均显示了波的干涉现象 （B）图a、b均显示了波的衍射现象 （C）图a显示了波的干涉现象，图b显示了波的衍射现象 （D）图a显示了波的衍射现象，图b显示了波的干涉现象 【解析】D
本题考查波的干涉和衍射。难度：易。 4. 2010·上海物理·3声波能绕过某一建筑物传播而光波却不能绕过该建筑物，这是因为 （A ）声波是纵波，光波是横波 （B ）声波振幅大，光波振幅小 （C ）声波波长较长，光波波长很短 （D ）声波波速较小，光波波速很大 【解析】C 本题考查波的衍射条件：障碍物与波长相差不多。难度：易。 5．2010·北京·17一列横波沿x 轴正向传播，a 、b 、c 、d 为介质中沿波传播方向上四个质点的平衡位置。某时刻的波形如图1所示，此后，若经过3 4 周期开始计时，则图2描述的是 A.a 处质点的振动图象 B.b 处质点的振动图象 C.c 处质点的振动图象 D.d 处质点的振动图象 【答案】B 【解析】由波的图像经过 4 3 周期a 到达波谷，b 到达平衡位置向下运动，c 到达波峰，d 到达平衡位置向上运动，这是四质点在0时刻的状态，只有b 的符合振动图像，答案B 。 11．2010·重庆·14一列简谐波在两时刻的波形如题14图中实践和虚线所示，由图可确定这列波的 A ．周期 B ．波速 C ．波长 D ．频率 【答案】C 【解析】只能确定波长，正确答案C 。题中未给出实线波形和虚线波形的时刻，不知道时间
四级短文听写的长度一般在200到250词之间，包括8个单词填空和3个句子填空。全文朗读三遍。第一遍朗读时，中间没有停顿，供考生听懂全文内容；第二遍朗读时，单词空格中间没有停顿，句子空格大约有60秒的停顿时间，要求考生把听到的内容填入空格；第三遍朗读与第一遍一样，中间没有停顿，供考生核对所填内容。 Lecture 1第一讲5招扫清填词障碍 从某种意义上说，短文听写实际上也是一种完形填空。我们可以利用完形填空技巧，根据空格前后的语法结构、近义或反义复现等卷面材料所提供的已知信息来预测空格处的未知信息，从而提高答题的针对性，减少盲目性。第一招：利用句子的语法结构根据句子的主谓搭配、动宾搭配、修饰关系以及虚拟、倒装等语法结构关系，判断所缺单词充当的成分，从而推测出所填词的词性及形式（名词单复数或动词的时态、语态等）。 【例1】（11 6 42，43）Albert Einstein (42)this in 1905, when he (43) the concept of relative time as part of his Special Theory of Relativity. 【解析】分析句子结构可知，空格(42)以及空格(43)所在分句均缺少谓语动词，(42)题答案为predicted，意为“预测”。(43)题答案为introduced，意为“引进，介绍”。 第二招：利用语义连贯根据上下文中的关键词与空格前后词语在语义上的连贯，推断所填词可能的含义。 【例2】(08 12 39)Crime rates have always been high in multicultural, industrialized societies such as the United States, but a new (37) has appeared on the world (38) —rapidly rising crime rates in nations that previously reported few (39) . 【解析】空格（39）前的形容词few表明此处应填复数名词。此句与but前一句的情况构成转折，前一句说，犯罪率在美国等具有多元文化的工业化社会一直很高，空格所在句则说“犯罪率在那些以前很少有(39) 报道的国家开始快速上升”，为了确保语义上的连贯，所填词应有“犯罪，罪行”之意。本空答案为offences，意为“犯罪，罪行”。37题答案为phenomenon （现象），38题答案为scene（场景）。 第三招：从逻辑衔接中寻找线索根据上下文及句际间的逻辑关系（如并列、转折、因果等）推测所填词可能的含义（主要通过连接词、介词短语和副词来判断）。 【例3】(04 6 S5)Anyone may go there and read anything in the collection. But no one is (S5) to take books out of the building. 【解析】转折连词but前是说“任何人都可以进去阅读收藏的书籍”，根据but的特点可知，其后应该是说“任何人都不可以把书拿出大楼”，由此可知所填词应该表示“可以，允许”之意。本空答案为permitted，意为“允许”。 第四招：利用上下文的照应或复现关系注意在同一语境中寻找能够与所填词构成近义、反义或同根等复现或照应关系的词语，从而推测出所填词可能的形式或含义。近义词或反义词的出现常伴有表示并列或转折关系的信号词。 【例4】(09 12 43)For example, descripti ve writing might list the colors an artist used in a painting or the (43) a composer included in a musical composition, so as to make pictures or sounds in the reader s mind by calling up specific details of the work. 【解析】分析句子结构可知，所填词应与前面的colors并列，故很可能也是名词复数，二者后面都跟了一个省略了that的定语从句；所填词的定语a composer… in a musical composition 提示，该词应该与composer, musical属于同一个语义场，故应该与音乐有关。本空答案为instruments，意为“乐器”。
2015～2011年各省市高考题 Passage 1(2015·新课标全国Ⅰ) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Yangshuo，China It was raining lightly when I 1 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didn't care.A few hours 2 ，I'd been at home in Hong Kong，with 3 (it) choking smog.Here，the air was clean and fresh，even with the rain. I'd skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 4 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 5 (painting).Instead，I'd headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin，it's only an hour away 6 car and offers all the scenery of the better－known city. Yangshuo 7 (be) really beautiful.A study of travelers 8 (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it 9 (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 10 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong. 【语篇导读】桂林山水甲天下，阳朔风光甲桂林。作者讲述了从香港去阳朔旅游时的所见。 1.解析考查动词的时态。主句谓语动词使用了过去进行时，根据语境此处要用一般过去时态。
（97）简谐横波某时刻的波形图线如图所示。由此图可知 （BD） （A）若质点a向下运动，则波是从左向右传播的 （B）若质点b向上运动，则波是从左向右传播的 （C）若波从右向左传播，则质点c向下运动 （D）若波从右向左传播，则质点d向上运动 （98全国）一简谐横波在x轴上传播，在某时刻的波形如图所示，已知此时质点F的运动方向向下，则（AB） （A）此波朝x轴负方向传播 （B）质点D此时向下运动 （C）质点B将比质点C先回到平衡位置 （D）质点E的振幅为零 （00全国）一列横波在ｔ＝０时刻的波形如图中实线所示，在ｔ＝１ｓ时刻的波形如图中虚线所示，由此可以判定此波的（AC） （Ａ）波长一定是４ｃｍ （Ｂ）周期一定是４ｓ （Ｃ）振幅一定是２ｃｍ （Ｄ）传播速度一定是１ｃｍ/ｓ （01晋津）图1所示为一列简谐横波在t＝20秒时的波形图， 图2是这列波中P点的振动图线，那么该波的传播速度和传播方向是（B） A．v＝25cm/s，向左传播B．v＝50cm/s，向左传播 C．v＝25cm/s，向右传播D．v＝50cm/s，向右传播（01全国）如图所示，在平面xy内有一沿水平轴x正向传播的简谐横波，波速为3.0m/s，频率为2.5HZ ，振幅为。已知t=0时刻P 质点的位移为，速度沿y 轴正向。Q点在P点右方处，对于Q点的质元来说（BC） A．在t=0时，位移为y= B．在t=0时，速度沿y轴负方向。 C．在t=0.1s时，位移为y=D．在t=0.1s 时，速度沿y轴正方向。 （02广东）一列在竖直方向振动的简谐横波，波长为λ，沿正ｘ方向传播，某一时刻，在振动位移向上且大小等于振幅一半的各点中，任取相邻的两点Ｐ１、Ｐ２，已知Ｐ１的ｘ坐标小于Ｐ２的ｘ坐标．（AC） A ．若＜λ／2，则Ｐ１向下运动，Ｐ２向上运动 B ．若＜λ／2，则Ｐ１向上运动，Ｐ２向下运动 C ．若＞λ／2，则Ｐ１向上运动，Ｐ２向下运动 D ．若＞λ／2，则Ｐ１向下运动，Ｐ２向上运动 （02上海）如图所示，S1、S2是振动情况完全相同的两个机械波波源，振幅为A，a、b、c三点分别位于S1、S2连线的中垂线上，且ab＝bc。某时刻a是两列波的波峰相遇点，c是两列波的波谷相遇点，则（CD） A．a处质点的位移始终为2A B．c处质点的位移始终为－2A C．b处质点的振幅为2A D．d处质点的振幅为2A （03全国）简谐机械波在给定的媒质中传播时，下列说法中正确的是（D） A．振幅越大，则波传播的速度越快 B．振幅越大，则波传播的速度越慢 C．在一个周期内，振动质元走过的路程等于一个波长 D．振动的频率越高，则波传播一个波长的距离所用的时间越短
WDM驱动开发之路 写在前面：在专栏的前几期中，我们一起初步学习了vxd的开发技术。Vxd技术是很深奥的，不是一篇两篇文章能讲清楚，但你已经入了门，剩下的就要看你的修行了。多看书，多泡论坛(当然是上咱们的驱动开发网论坛了:->)，多写程序…我的手不够用了。功到自然成嘛。不过话又说回来，vxd只是权宜之计，WDM才符合当今的潮流(程序员都是时髦人士，君不见先是VB、VC然后是asp、JSP、PHP,数也数不过来呀)，Win9x寿终正寝时也就是vxd的末日，你不想随它而去吧(开个玩笑)，那就随我来。 按笔者的想法，这篇文章写成连载形式，一次讲一个主题，并且必要时带着例子，让大伙step by step地把WDM驱动弄个透底，不想让大家觉得稀里糊涂，也不想让大家觉得白买杂志了。 今天我们一起讨论第一部分，了解篇。 (一)了解篇 WDM模型（Windows Driver Model）是微软公司为当前主流操作系统Windows98和Windows 2000的驱动程序设计的一种构架。它和传统的win3.x和win95使用的vxd的驱动是完全不同的体系结构。不过对于最终用户来说，WDM驱动程序在Windows98和Windows2000下的表现很相似。作为驱动开发人员来说，它在两者中有很多的不同。并且Windows98中的WDM只能算是Windowss2000中的WDM的一个了集。在Windows98中有一些驱动程序只能使用VXD来实现，如串行通讯驱动等。 要写驱动程序，首先要了解操作系统的结构。在WDM体系中，windows2000操作系统中是最标准的实现方式，Windows98则是部分兼容WDM结构。照微软的说法，Windows98和Windows2000 X86(Intel 架构)版本实现二进制码兼容(参见98DDK)，Windows2000 x86版本与其它CPU平台版本实现源码级兼容(因为Windows 2000是基本NT相似的结构，最底层是硬件抽象层HAL，所有我们相信它们之间能源码级兼容)。但实际上，Windows2000的WDM实现中有很多例程在Windows98中没有实现，一旦试图加载这样的WDM驱动程序到Windows98中，则不能正常加载，当然我们也有办法实现它，那就是利用“桩”技术。具体可参见Walter Oney写的《Programming the Microsoft Windows Driver Model》一书。我们首先来看看Windows 2000的系统结构，然后再来看看Windows 98的。 图一是Windows 2000的系统结构图。从图中我们可以看出：整个系统被分为两个态，用户态和核心态。 从图中可以明显看出I/O操作最后是怎样作用到硬件上的。用户态应用程序对Windows 子系统进行win32 API调用，这个调用由系统服务接口作用到I/O管理器(严格地说，在Windows 系统中不存在I/O管理器这样的独立模块，这个只是为了方便叙述而将各种核心功能调用的集合称作I/O管理器,业界人士都这样称呼这个部分)，I/O管理器进行必要的参数匹配和操作安全性检查，然后由这个请求构造出合适的IRP(IO Request Package,I/O请求包),并把此IRP传给驱动程序。简单情况下，驱动程序直接执行这个请求包，并与硬件打交道，从而完成I/O请求工作，最后由I/O管理器将执行结果返回给用户态程序。但在WDM体系结构中，大部分实行分层处理。即在图中“设备驱动“这部分，分成了若干层，典型地分成高层驱动程序、中间层驱动程序、底层驱动程序。每层驱动再把I/O请求划分成更简单的请求，以传给更下层的驱动执行。以文件系统驱动为例，最高层驱动只知道文件如何在磁盘上表示，但不知到怎样得到数据。最低层驱动程序只知道怎样从磁盘取出512B为单的数据块，但不知道文件怎样表示。举个更具体的生活例子。主人(最高层驱动)知道（并且需要）笔计本电脑，但不知道具体放在什么位置；而仆人(最底层驱动)却知道它放在具体什么地方，但
近五年高考英语语法填空真题解析 2018年高考题 【2018·全国I】 According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years ___61___(long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long___62___(see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ___63___ (die) early by running. While running regularly cann't make you live forever, the review says it ___64___ (be) more effective at lengthening life___65___ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014___66___showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all ___67___(cause). The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise… it's probably runnin g. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to___68___(strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always___69___(energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give___70___a try. 【答案】61. longer 62. to see 63. dying 64. is 65. than 66. that which 67. causes 68. strength 69. energetic 70. it unning 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了跑步的好处，它可以帮助人们延年益寿。 63. 考查动名词。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。此处of是介词，其后用动名词。故填dying。 64. 考查动词的时态。医学报告显示：跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。这里叙述的是一个事实，故用一般现在时。故填is。 65. 考查比较句型。跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。根据文章中的more effective可知此处填than。 66. 考查定语从句的关系词。此处a study是先行词，其在定语从句中作主语，故填that 或which。
2018高考专题复习《机械波》 类型一:波动图像基本规律 1. （2012年·天津·7） 沿x 轴正向传播的一列简谐横波在t =0时刻的波形如图所示，M 为介质中的一个质点，该波的传播速度为40m/s ，则t =401s 时（ ） A ．质点M 对平衡位置的位移一定为负值 B ．质点M 的速度方向与对平衡位置的位移方向相同 C ．质点M 的加速度方向与速度方向一定相同 D ．质点M 的加速度方向与对平衡位置的位移方向相反 变式1：若M 点是x=1.5m 处质点，哪个时刻振动至波谷？ 变式2：若N 点（未画）此时在y=-1cm 处，哪个时刻振动至波峰？ 类型二:双图像问题 2. 如图所示，图甲为一列沿水平方向传播的简谐横波在t ＝0时的波形图，图乙是这列波中质点P 的振动图线，那么： (1)该波的传播速度为________m/s ； (2)该波的传播方向为________(填“向左”或“向右”)； (3)图甲中Q 点(坐标为x ＝2.25 m 处的点)的振动方程为：y ＝ cm. 变式1：若M 点 (未画) 是x=2.125m 处质点，M 点的振动方程为： 变式2：若N 点（未画）此时在y=-0.1cm 处，N 点的振动方程为： 3. 一简谐横波沿x 轴正方向传播，若在x ＝1 m 处质点的振动图象如图所示，则该波在t ＝0.3 s 时刻的波形曲线为( )． 变式1：（2013四川理综）图1是一列简谐横波在t =1.25s 时的波形图，已知c 位置的质点比a 位置的晚0.5s 起振，则图2所示振动图像对应的质点可能位于（ ） A ．a 听写作文5篇 篇一：听写今天下午上学到教室，老师就把上午听写的作业发给了我们。我一看错了很多，才几十分，我难过极了。后悔没有好好复习，妈妈让我多写多练，我没有做到。放学后妈妈接我，我偷偷看妈妈，妈妈不快乐。妈妈差不多收到老师发的短信了。我低着头对妈妈讲了一声：“对不起”妈妈什么也没讲带着我走了。回家的路上，妈妈依旧没忍住吵了我。我哭了！我明白错了，我以后一定好好学习，认真复习，认真完成作业。篇二：听写今天早上我在家里认真复习英语单词，为下午的英语听写做预备。上英语课的时候，老师第一件事就是给我们报听写。我听着老师报的第一个单词后，想了想，写了下来。接着，老师又报了几个单词，我紧张地抓紧写下来，生怕自己写错。老师改好了英语听写单词，发下来我看了看，“呀，又有这么多错啊，真是不可思议！”看来我的经历力也是非同一般的差呀，下次可要好好努力了！篇三：听写今天晚上，妈妈给我和爸爸听写，妈妈就随便念了几个词，我就在纸上写，等妈妈念道最后一个词：“舞蹈”的时候，我就有点可不能写了，然而那个“舞”字我会写，只是那个“蹈”我就可不能写了……突然，我想起一年级下册的时候，薛老师讲过“蹈”字的小儿歌的时候，我就立即把那个字写了出来，我真快乐，我的了今天的听写小明星，爸爸还没有我写的字漂亮呢，因此妈妈就给爸爸扣了2分。篇四：听写晚上妈妈给我听写生字，我觉得这些字都非常简单，觉得自己写的还好。写完后，妈妈让我自己检查，我大概看了看，告诉妈妈讲：检查过了，全对。结果，妈妈检查的时候，发觉我有两处写的不认真。两处差不多上写完字，组词的时候，没有重新写那个字。真是不小心呀！晚上心情一直都不行，写作业注意力不够集中，唉，内心一直想着下午摔跤的事呢！真后悔呀，以后一定听妈妈的话！篇五：听写今天听写生字，李老师给我发了一块糖，我非常感谢李老师。放学后，奶奶来接我，我告诉奶奶：今天上课听写生字，我写的好，李老师给我们写的好的同学都发了糖，奶奶讲：确实吗？，我讲：是的，奶奶讲：宝宝真乖，宝宝只要努力，老师都会看见的，坚持哦！我要认真写字，做个好学生。 参考： 韦东山视频第10课第一节内核启动流程分析之编译体验 第11课第三节构建根文件系统之busybox 第11课第四节构建根文件系统之构建根文件系统韦东山书籍《嵌入式linux应用开发完全手册》 其他《linux设备驱动程序》第三版 平台： JZ2440、mini2440或TQ2440 交叉网线和miniUSB PC机（windows系统和Vmware下的ubuntu12.04） 一、交叉编译环境的选型 具体的安装交叉编译工具，网上很多资料都有，我的那篇《arm-linux- gcc交叉环境相关知识》也有介绍，这里我只是想提示大家：构建跟文件系统中所用到的lib库一定要是本系统Ubuntu中的交叉编译环境arm-linux- gcc中的。即如果电脑ubuntu中的交叉编译环境为arm-linux- 二、主机、开发板和虚拟机要三者互通 w IP v2.0》一文中有详细的操作步骤，不再赘述。 linux 2.6.22.6_jz2440.patch组合而来，具体操作： 1. 解压缩内核和其补丁包 tar xjvf linux-2.6.22.6.tar.bz2 # 解压内核 tar xjvf linux-2.6.22.6_jz2440.tar.bz2 # 解压补丁 cd linux_2.6.22.6 patch –p1 < ../linux-2.6.22.6_jz2440.patch 3. 配置 在内核目录下执行make 2410_defconfig生成配置菜单，至于怎么配置，《嵌入式linux应用开发完全手册》有详细介绍。 4. 生成uImage make uImage 四、移植busybox 在我们的根文件系统中的/bin和/sbin目录下有各种命令的应用程序，而这些程序在嵌入式系统中都是通过busybox来构建的，每一个命令实际上都是一个指向bu sybox的链接,busybox通过传入的参数来决定进行何种命令操作。 1）配置busybox 解压busybox-1.7.0,然后进入该目录，使用make menuconfig进行配置。这里我们这配置两项 一是在编译选项选择动态库编译，当然你也可以选择静态，不过那样构建的根文件系统会比动态编译的的大。 ->Busybox Settings ->Build Options 江苏省2018年五年一贯制高职“专转本”考试 英语统考试卷 （90分钟） I. Reading Comprehension Passage One The TV play Zheng He is broadcasted on CCTV and the great Chinese traveler comes gradually back to us. It reminds us of a lot of excitement. Zheng He, the Columbus of the east, was an amazing man. He was born in 1371 and, 11 years later, was caught by the army of a rich young man called Zhu Di and made to word for him. Over time the rich man saw that Zheng He was very clever and strong and they became close friends. In 1403, Zhu Di was made the king of China and asked Zheng He to join his new government. The King wanted to learn more about the world and show other countries his power. He ordered many new ships to be built and made Zheng He the leader. Between 1405 and 1433, he led seven sea ships to different parts of the world. He certainly traveled to India, Africa and the Middle East. Some people insist that his ships may have even reached South Africa and Australia. Each trip lasted between two and four years and it is believed he sailed more than 50,000 kilometers during his travels. With 28,000 men and over 300 ships, such as boats for food, water and even soldiers’ horses, Zheng He led a fleet whose size would not be equaled by Europeans for over 500 years. On these trips, he brought with him many Chinese goods like silk and medicine to give to the foreign kings or to sell for local goods. He returned from each trip with boats filled with expensive things such as gold and jewellery, foreign guests and strange animals like a giraffe. It is a pity that we may never learn everything about Zheng He’s travels. After he died in 1433, the new king, who thought these trips were unlucky and cost too much, had them stopped and he burned almost all the books about Zheng He’s travels. It is onl y in the last 50 years, that historians have carefully studied the adventures of the great Zheng He. 1. Why did the Chinese King order Zheng He to sail to many different countries? A. To bring new countries under the control of China. B. To show the world his power. C. To receive gifts from the kings of other countries. D. To discover unusual animals. 2. What do we know about Zheng He from the passage? A. He sailed across the world. B. Each of the trips lasted one year. C. He died at the age of 62. D. He was a successful soldier. 3. Which of the following did Zheng He bring with him from China? A. Gold B. Jewellery C. Medicine D. Giraffes 4. What happened after Zheng He died? A. He was forgotten forever. B. His ships were all destroyed. C. The new king wrote a book about him D. Sea trips to foreign countries were stopped. 5. In what order did the following happen? a. Zhu Di become the King. b. Zheng He was caught by soldiers. c. The books about Zheng He were all burne d.听写作文5篇
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