第七讲祈使句
【观察一】
请仔细观察下列例句，你能补全结论部分所缺的内容吗
1. Tidy up your room, Sam.
2. Open the door, Anna.
3. Be careful when crossing the road.
【结论一】
祈使句是表示向对方发出_____ 、提出_____ 或要求，要对方做某事或不做某事，带有祈使语气的句子。主语为第二人称，但是常常被_____ 。
【观察二】
·
请仔细观察下列例句。
(A) (B)
1. Walk quickly, Tom! 1. Be a good boy, Tony.
2. Come in, please! 2. Be polite when you are there.
3. Open your books! 3. Be careful!
(C) (D)
1. I’m a little tired. Let’s have a rest. 1. Don’t stand up.
2. Let’s go shopping together. 2. Don’t be late again, Jack.
3. Don’t let him go! = Let him not go!
【结论二】
/
祈使句有肯定和否定两种形式。肯定式有三种常用句型：
1. ________ (+宾语) + 其他成分；
2. ______ + 表语（名词或_______）+ 其他成分；
3. _______ + _________ + 其他成分；
否定式有两种常用句型：
1. ______ + ________ (+宾语)+ 其他成分
2. _____ + ______ + 表语（名词或______ ）+其他成分。
【观察三】
1. Please turn off your phone.
2. Come in, please.
—
【结论三】
在祈使句中, 为了缓和语气, 使表达更委婉、有礼貌, 常常在_____ 或____加上______。
要记住，在英语口语中，当祈使句用来表达命令、要求时，用降调；当祈使句用来表达鼓励、请求，或者想使语气委婉一些，让人容易接受时，通常用升调。
【注意】：在公共场合的提示语中，否定祈使句常用“No＋名词/ V-ing 形式”结构，表
示“禁止做某事”。例如：NO PHOTOS! 禁止拍照！No parking!
【课堂练习】
一、选择最佳答案填空。
( )1. — Plea se____ to return my book by Friday. I’ll use it on Saturday.
*
---No problem. I’ll finish reading it on Thursday.
A. don’t forget
B. not to forget
C. not forget
D. forget not to ( ) 2. _____ late again, Mike!
A. Don’t to be
B. Don’t be
C. Not be
D. Be not ( ) 3. Kelly, _____ your homework here tomorrow.
A. bring
B. Brings
C. to bring
D. bringing
（）4. Please ____, they’re having a meeting.
A. not be so noisy
B. be quite
C. mustn’t talk
D. no speaking （）5. ____ to meet me at the station. I’ll be waiting there.
A. Not to forget
B. Not forget
C. Forget not
D. Don’t forget '
（）6. If you are tired, ______ a rest.
A. have
B. having
C. to have
D. had
（）7. ______ me go. It is very important for me.
A. Do let
B. Let do
C. Doing let
D. To do let （）8. He is not honest. ______ believe him.
A. Not
B. D on’t
C. To not
D. Not to
（）9. _____ up early tomorrow, or you can’t catch the train.
A. Getting
B. Get
C. To get
D. Got
（）10. _____ in the street. It’s dangerous.
A. Not play
B. Not to play
C. Don’t play
D. Don’t to play )
（）11. Please ______ me some money, will you
A. lend
B. lending
C. borrow
D. borrowing （）12. The film is about to begin. Please ______ seated.
A. be
B. are
C. is
D. being
（）13. ____ down the radio. The baby’s asleep in the next room.
A. Turning
B. To turn
C. Turned
D. Turn
（）14. Lucy, ____ the door or someone will come in.
A. close
B. closes
C. not close
D. is closing （）15. ____ and play football in the street after lunch.
A. Let’s not to go
B. Let’s not go
C. Let’s don’t go
D. Not let’s go
<
二、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. It’s an important meeting. __________ (not, be ) late.
2 ____________ (not, make) any noise! Your mother is sleeping.
3. ____________ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and ________ (be) polite.
4. ____________ ( not, talk) and ____________ (read) aloud.
5. ____________ (not, leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry.
6. ____________ (look) out! A car is coming.
7. ____________ (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like.
8. ____________ (not, let) the baby cry.
9. Wear more clothes or you ____________ (catch) a cold.
(
10. Let’s ____________ (not, say) anything about it.
三、根据中文意思，翻译下列句子。
1. 请安静。_________________________
2. 别忘了给花浇水。_________________________
3. 请坐。________________________________
4. 我们坐火车去吧。_________________________
5. 不要再那样做了！__________________________
四、语法填空
（一）
Animals on the earth are (thousand) of kinds of animals are 2________ (live) on the earth. They are on the ground, 3________the sky, in the water, or under the ground, everywhere they live. But the environmental 4_________(pollute) makes some animals dead. People killed the animals. If human beings lose the animals in 5________(they)life, what's going to happen The earth will change. We cannot see the dogs run6_________the grass. We cannot see the7______(fish) swim in the our life be like then So, if we want9________(protect) animals, we must protect 's do it.
[
（二）
My grandparents (1) __________ (move) to the countryside six years ago. They (2) __________ (live) there for six years. They like the life there because there is fresh air. They loved travelling when they (3) __________ (be) young. So far, they (4) __________ (visit) many countries, such
as Japan, France, America and Thailand. In the past, my parents and I often (5) __________ (go) back to the countryside to visit them. But we (6) ____ (not see) them since last year because my parents (7) __________ (busy) with their work and I (8) __________ (work) hard on my studies.
My grandmother once (9) __________ (call) us. They have missed us so much. In fact, we have also missed them. So we (10) __________ (decide) to go back this Spring Festival since we received that call. I’m sure we’ll have a happy new year.
！
课后作业
一、单项选择
1). Jim, _____ me a hand.
A. gives
B. is giving
C. will give
D. give
2). ____ careful, Jenny! There is a tree in front of you.
A. Am
B. /
C. Be
D. Was
3). Please ___ do it.
A. he
B. let him
C. let he
D. him
4).Let's ____ our time.
`
A. not waste
B. no wasting
C. not to waste
D. no waste
5). _____ let anyone open the door.
A. Don't
B. Will
C. Not
D. No
6). ____ to meet me at the station. I’ll be waiting there.
A. Not to forget
B. Not forget
C. Forget not
D. Don’t forget
7). A sign with the words“____” is often found in a bus.
A. Not parking
B. Not smoking
C. No parking
D. No smoking
二、将下列句子变成祈使句
7．Would you like to wait a moment
a moment.
8．You’d better not smoke here.
·
here.
9．You must be careful with your handwriting.
with your handwriting.
10．Will you please not play with my pencil
with my pencil, .
三、完形填空。
John left the United States in 1969 to work in Africa. Africa was hot. When John 1 to the United States in 1979, he said to himself, “ It’s much 2 here than it was before I left. I’m going to 3 an electric heater(电热器). Besides, everything is much more 4 .”
John went to a store the next day to buy an electric heater. The salesman 5 him three or four 6 kinds and then said, “ And this is our best electric heater. It 7 a lot, but it 8 half of your electricity(电), and electricity is very expensiv e now, isn’t it”
“Yes, it’s very expensive,” John answered, “ and it’s becoming 9 every year.” He looked at the electric heater carefully, thought for a few seconds and then said, “Well, I’ll take 10 of these, then I’ll save all of my electricity.”
( )1. A. wrote B. pointed C. listened D. returned
( )2. A. hotter B. colder C. better D. noisier
( )3. A. buy B. see C. make D. sell ( )4. A. modern B. simple C. expensive D. beautiful ( )5. A. borrowed B. lent C. sold D. showed ( )6. A. old B. bad C. same D. different ( )7. A. has B. gets C. costs D. brings ( )8. A. saves B. needs C. becomes D. produces ( )9. A. better B. worse C. hotter D. cheaper ( )10. A. one B. two C. four D. three
祈使句 祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you 常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。 1. 肯定的祈使句 （1）动词原形+其他 Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 请起立。 （2）Be + n./adj. Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子! Be careful! = Look out! = Take care! 小心/ 当心！ （3）Let + 宾语+ 动词原形+ 其它成分 Let me help you. 让我来帮你。Let’s go to school together. 咱们一起上学去吧 。2. 否定的祈使句 (1) Don't + 动词原形 Don't stand up. 别站起来。 Don't be careless. 别粗心。 Don't let them play with fire. 别让他们玩火。 （2）Let 型的否定式有两种:“Don't + let + 宾语+ 动词原形+ 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语+ not + 动词原形+ 其它成分”。 Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。Let them not play with fire. 别让他们玩火。 （3）no 开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。 No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼! 3.祈使句的强调形式，通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词Do。 例如：Do shut up! 快住口！ 4.祈使句的回答祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用 will 或won’t。 在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点： 1)形式一致(即Yes 与will 保持一致；No 与won’t 保持一致) 2)意思相反(即Yes 是“不”的意思；No 是“是”的意思)。在回答时，要注意分析上 下文语境中所提供的条件。 如：--- Don’t go out, please. It’s raining heavily outside. 请不要出去。外面雨下得很大。 ---- Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport. 不行，我得去机场接我弟弟。5.祈使句的反意疑问句 (1)肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用will you 或 won't you。Please open the door, will/ won’t you? 请把门打开，好吗？ (2)否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用will you。Don't be late again, will you? 别再迟到了，行不行？ (3)以let's 开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shall we。Let's turn on the TV, shall we? 我们把电视打开，好吗？ <特别注意> 只有以let's 开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分才用shall we，而let us 开 头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为will you 或won't you.如： Let us stay here, will/ won't you? 请（你）让我们留在这好吗？
英语祈使句详解 1. 种类： 1）、直接祈使句 直接祈使句指对二人称所下的命令。如： Shut the door! 把门关上! Have a shot at it! 试试看! Have a cup of coffee! 喝杯咖啡吧! Don’t have tomato soup!别吃番茄汤! Have a really good meal! 愿你享受一顿美餐! Get your eyes tested! 你去检查一下你的眼睛吧! Drop that gun. or I’ll shoot you.放下枪，不然我就打死你。 2）、间接祈使句 间接祈使句指对一人称或第三人称所下的命令。如： Let me help you. 我来帮你吧! Please let us know when you are arriving. 请告诉我们你何时到达。 Let her do what she likes. 让她做她想做的事吧。 Let every man do his best. 让每个人人尽其才。 Don’t let them take advantage of you.别让他们占你的便宜。 2. 祈使句的概念 表示请求、命令、建议、祝愿、邀请或要求的句子叫祈使句。用于祈使句句首的动词总是用原形，不能用其他形式。如： Shut the door! 把门关上! Have a cup of coffee! 喝杯咖啡吧! Let them go by train. 叫他们坐火车去吧。 Come and have dinner with us soon. 一会儿来跟我们一起吃饭吧。 Have fun! 愿你玩得快活! Have a good time! 祝你玩得开心! Have a good day! 祝你度过美好的一天! Have a really good meal! 愿你享受一顿美餐! Have a lovely party! 愿你有一次愉快的聚会! Have a really restful holiday! 愿你度过一次十分悠闲的休假! Have a really interesting debate! 愿你们有一次十分有趣的辩论! Keep off the grass! 请勿践踏草地! Do not touch these wires. 请勿接触电线! Do not feed the animals! 不许给动物扔食物! Do not feed the lions. 请勿向狮子投喂食物! Don’t be rude.不要无礼。 Don’t you speak to me like that!你别这样跟我讲话! Stir, and you are a dead man. 动一下就要你的命。 Never speak to me like that again. 决不要再那个样子跟我说话。
初中英语祈使句专项练习题 单项选择 1. The TV is too loud. Please________. A. turn it down B. to turn it down C. turn down it D. to turn down it 2. _______ late again, Bill! A. Don't to be B. Don't be C. Not be D. Be not 3. _______ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green. A. Not B. Won't C. Doesn't D. Don't 4. Please help me carry it, ______? A. will I B. will you C. shall I D. shall we 5. Don't make so much noise, ______? A. will you B. won't you C. shall we D. do you 6. Do you know the girl ______under the tree? A. stand B. to stand C. standing D. stood 7. Kate, _______ your homework here tomorrow.
A. bring B. brings C. to bring D. bringing 8. ________ me the truth, or I'll be angry. A. Telling B. To tell C. Told D. Tell 9. I've kept the dog _______Maomao for a long time. A. Name B. named C. naming D. to name 10. Don't you know that _______ is good for our health? A. swim B. swimming C. swam D. swims 句型转换 11. Will you please read it again more slowly? （改为祈使句） ___ read __ __ it __ again more slowly, please. 12. If you don't listen to me, I'll go. （改为同义句） _____ _____ me, or I'll go. 13. Let's watch the sports games. （改为反意疑问句） Let's watch the sports games, _____ _____? 14. The teachers often tell the students not to be careless. （改为祈使句）
知识点总结 一、感叹句 感叹句是用来表达喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的一种句式。尽管感叹句的表现形式多种多样,但主要的表现形式只有两种,即what和how引导的感叹句。what修饰名词,how 修饰形容词、副词或动词。 1、由感叹词what引导的感叹句。what修饰名词或名词短语，有以下两种形式： 1）What+a(an)+（形容词）+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！或是：What+名词词组+主语+谓语！如：What a fine day it is! 2）What+(形容词）+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语！如：What kind women they are! What nice music it is! 2、由How引导的感叹句。how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。其结构是：How+形容词（副词）+主语+谓语！例如： How hard the workers are working! How clever the girl is! 注意：当how修饰动词时，动词不跟着感叹词提到主语之前。How fast the runner runs! 3、what与how引导的感叹句，一般情况下可以相互转换，转换后意义不变。（具体见下）如：What an interesting story it is!==How interesting the story is! what a beautiful building it is!==How beautiful the building is! 在口语中，感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。如：What a nice present!（省略it is）How disappointed!（省略she is或其它可作本句主、谓的词语） 二、祈使句 用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句通常省略主语，谓语动词用原形，句尾用感叹号或句号。 1、肯定结构: 1）动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分。如:Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。如:This way, please. = Go this way, please. 请这边走。 2）Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分。如:Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子! 3）Let + 宾语+ 动词原形+ 其它成分。如:Let me help you. 让我来帮你。 2、否定结构: 1）don't+动词原形+其他。如:Don't forget me! 不要忘记我! Don't be late for school! 上学不要迟到! 2）Let + 宾语+ not + 动词原形+ 其它成分。如: Let him not go. 别让他走。 3）有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No smoking! 禁止吸烟! 常见考法 对于感叹句和祈使句的考查，常会出现在单选和完成句子中，主要考察两种句子的用法和构成。 典型例题：You should not talk in class.(改写同义句） in class. 解析：本题考查祈使句的用法。从题意“你不应该在课堂上说话”可知，这是建议对方不要做某事的，应该用祈使句。
初中语法祈使句专项讲解 1、祈使句的概念表示请求、命令、建议、祝愿、邀请或要求的句子叫祈使句。用于祈使句句首的动词总是用原形，不能用其他形式。如：Shut the door! 把门关上!Have a cup of coffee! 喝杯咖啡吧!Let them go by train、叫他们坐火车去吧。祈使句的主语通常为第二人称(you)，但一般都被省略，只有在特殊的情况下才把主语(you)补充出来。如：You be quiet! 你安静! You go and tell him, Chris、克立斯，你去告诉他。You wait here for a moment、你在这儿等一会儿。有时祈使句的主语也可以是everybody, somebody, anybody, nobody等不定代词。如：Stand up, everybody! 全体起立!Nobody move、任何人都不许动。 2、祈使句表示强调为了加强祈使句的语气，我们通常是在祈使句的动词原形前加上助动词do，此时通常译为“一定”“务必”等。如：Do be careful、务必要小心。Do let me go、一定让我去。副词never和always有时可用于祈使句句首，表示强调。如：Never do that again、再不要这样做了。Always look in the mirror before starting to drive、一定要先看看反光镜再开车。 3、祈使句的否定式构成祈使句否定式的方法很简单，那就是在动词原形前加don’t不管祈使句所用的动词为什么性质动
词，情况都是一样。如：Open the window、把窗户打开。 →Don’t open the window、别把窗户打开。Come next Monday、下周星期一来。对于以let us或let’s开头的祈使句，其否定式通常是在不定式之前放一个not。如：Let’s tell him the truth、我们把实情告诉他吧。→Let’s not tell him the truth、我们不要把实情告诉他。但在日常口语中，我们也可以把don’t放在let’s之前。如：Let’s don’t tell him the truth、我们不要把实情告诉他) 4、祈使句与连用please为了使祈使句的语气变得委婉，我们可以在祈使句的句首或句末加上please若加在句首，其后不用逗号；若加在句末，则通常会在please前加一个逗号。如：Step this way, please、请这边走。Please type your letter、请把你的信打出来。Open the window, please、请把窗户打开。如果是否定祈使句，则通常将please加在don’t之前。如：Please don’t get angry、请不要生气。Please don’t telephone before8 a、 m、早8点以前请不要打电话。 5、祈使句的时间概念祈使句所表示的时间总是指将来，所以与它连用的句子原则上要用将来时态来与它呼应。如：Give me a hand, will you? 帮我一个忙，好吗?由于give me a hand表示隐含将来意义，所以句中的will you 不能改为do you。Try again and you will succeed、你再试就会成功。由于句中的 try again隐含将来意义，所以句中用了you will succeed，而
牛津深圳版七年级上下册英语语法教案及练习： 专题-祈使句和感叹句 一、【导入】 1、禁止吸烟！多聪明的孩子啊！ 2、禁止拍照！太棒了！ 3、请起立！哇！多漂亮的花儿啊！ 4、来这里。多么令人激动的消息呀！ 5、不准钓鱼！好热的天啊！ 二、【新课讲授】 祈使句：是用来表示命令、请求、建议或劝告对方做某事或别做某事等。谓语动词一律用原形。句子中通常不用主语，句末用惊叹号或者句号，用降调。 1.肯定的祈使句 A)句型：动词原形～.（省略主语） Stand up.起立。Be quiet，please.请安静。 B)有时，为了加强语气，可以在动词之前加do Do sit down.务必请坐。Do study hard.一定要努力学习。 ※比较：祈使句和陈述句※ 陈述句：You sit down.你坐下来。 祈使句：Sit down.坐下（省略主语you）
C)用客气的语气表示祈使句时，可在句首或句尾加上please，但如果在句尾加please，那在please之前一定要加一个逗号“，”。 Go this way，please.请这边走。 祈使句中如果有唤语，一定要用逗号“，”隔开，放在句首或句尾。 Li Ming，come here.李明，过来。= Come here，Li Ming.过来，李明。 D)句型：?Let+第一人称（me，us）～. ?Let+第三人称代词（宾格：him，her，it，them）或名词～. Let's go at once.咱们马上动身吧。Let me try again.让我再试试。 Let Tom go there himself.让汤姆自己去那儿。 注意 Let's包括对方，Let us不包括对方。反意疑问句时最明显。 Let's go，shall we？咱们去吧，怎么样？ Let us go，will you？让我们去吧，行吗？（征求对方的意见） Let's say good-by here.我们在此道别吧。
祈使句专项练习 祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。 1. 祈使句的肯定形式 （1）动词原形+其他 Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 请起立。 （2）Be + adj. Be careful! = Look out! = Take care! 小心/当心！ （3）Let’s +动词原形 Let’s go to school together. 咱们一起上学去吧。 2. 祈使句的否定形式 (1) Don’t + 动词原形 Don’t stand up. 别站起来。 （2）Let’s ( let sb ) + not +动词原形 Let’s not say anything about it. 对于这件事，咱们什么也别说。Let them not play with fire. 别让他们玩火。 3. 祈使句的附加疑问句 (1) 肯定的祈使句的附加疑问句反问部分用will you 或won’t you。Please open the door, will/ won’t you? 请把门打开，好吗？ (2) 否定的祈使句的附加疑问句反问部分只用will you。
Don’t be late again, will you? 别再迟到了，行不行？ (3) 以let’s开头的祈使句附加疑问句反问部分用shall we。 Let’s turn on the TV, shall we? 我们把电视打开，好吗？ 只有以let’s开头的祈使句的附加疑问句的反问部分才用shall we，而let us开头的祈使句的附加疑问句的反问部分应与其它所有的祈使句一样为will you 如：Let us stay here, will you? 请（你）让我们留在这好习 一、单项选择 1. The TV is too loud. Please________. A. turn down it B. to turn it down C. turn it down D. to turn down it 2. _______ late again, Bill! A. Don’t to be B. Don't be C. Not be D. Be not 3. _______ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green. A. Not B. Won’t C. Doesn’t D. Don’t 4. Please help me carry it, ______? A. will I B. will you C. shall I D. shall we 5. Don’t make so much noise, ______? A. will you B. won't you C. shall we D. do you 6. Tell the girl ______under the tree.
祈使句的作用是要求、请求或命令、劝告、叮嘱、建议别人做或不做一件事。祈使句的句末一般用感叹号，但是有些祈使句的语气较弱，可以用句号结尾。祈使句可以用语气词“吧”作结尾，也可以不用语气词。祈使句可以表示命令、请求、禁止、劝阻等。祈使句表示请求、命令、建议等等。谓语动词一律用原形。句子中通常不用主语，句末用惊叹号或 者句号，用降调。祈使句中的主语常常被省去。表示命令的祈使句例如: “保持肃静!”、“起立”表示请求的句式表示请求的句式通常是“请……”。例如: “请等我一会。”表示禁止的句式表示禁止的句式有:“不准……”、“不要……”、“别……”等。例如: 此处不准停车! 例如: 此处禁止吸烟! 表示劝阻的句式表示劝阻的句式通常是「请勿……」。例如:请勿在车厢内饮食。 陈述句：就是把问句化成陈述句。 如。他真的是一个好孩子吗？ 转陈述句：他真是一个好孩子。 感叹句：有赞叹类似的语句： 如：他真是一个好孩子啊！ 反问句：如：难道他真是的是一个好孩子吗？（注意:陈述句转反问句中一般在句子前加难道……吗？） 双重否定句：两个否定变肯定 如：我不得不承认那个本是我的 在双重否定句中，有那么几个个可以用： 不得不不能不难道……不……不可能不不会不怎么会……不不是不等 更加详细的话你去BAIDU搜一 感叹句：加上“啊”及“！”，有时应加上“真”、“很”、“多么”、“太”。 陈述句改反问句：加上“怎么”“怎能”“难道”其中一个反问词，有“不”改没“不”，没“不”改有“不”（看情况，不能一个词、比如“不声不响”你把它改了意思就变了，要看情况），加上“吗”、“呢”以及“？”。 陈述句改双重否定句：加上“不得不”、“不会不”、“不能不”、“无（）不”、“没（）不”的其中一个（看情况选）。
Unit 7 Poems Grammar 祈使句和感叹句 学习任务：1.祈使句 2.感叹句 达到目标：理解什么祈使句和什么是感叹句，并能正确使用他们。 过程与方法：导学-自学-讨论 语法之一祈使句 一定义：什么是祈使句？ 用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。 二：祈使句有没有主语？ 祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称（you），所以通常都没有主语。 三、祈使句的表现形式 祈使句的动词都是动词原形，句末使用逗号或感叹号来表示结束。 例： ①Go and wash your hands. （去洗你的手。——命令） ②Be quiet,please.（Please be quiet.）（请安静。——请求） ③Be kind to your sister.（对姊妹要和善。——劝告） ④Watch your steps.（走路小心。——警告）Look out！Danger！（小心！危险！） ⑤Keep off the grass. （勿践草坪。——禁止）No parking.（禁止停车。——禁止） No eating or drinking.(禁止吃喝。——禁止) No littering.(禁止乱扔垃圾。——禁止) 四、归纳与概括：祈使句口诀 例如：①Open the door ,please. ②Don’t open the door. ③Be quiet, boys and girls! ④Don’t be late again! ⑤Let’s go to play basketball. 语法之二：感叹句 一、定义：有时候我们为了强调或表示强烈的情感而使用的句子，这类句子称之为感叹句。常见的有what 和how引导的句子。 What感叹句 句型1.what +a+形容词+名词+主语+动词！例如：What a good boy he is! 句型2. what +an+形容词+名词+主语+动词！例如：What an interesting book it is! 句型3.what +形容词+复数名词+主语+动词！例如：What good boys they are ! 句型4.what +形容词+不可数名词+主语+动词！例如：What bad weather it is! How 感叹句 How +形容词/副词+主语+动词！ 例如“ ①How beautiful she is ! ②How clever that boy is ! ②How slowly you walk! ④How fast the teacher speaks! 小结：
1. 祈使句的常见形式： （1）Do句型：实义动词原形+宾语+其他. （2）Let句型：Let+宾语+动词原形+其他. （3）Be句型：Be+表语(名词、形容词等)+其他. （4）No + v-ing/名词. 2. 祈使句的回答 （1）由于祈使句所表达的动作都还是未发生的，因此对它的应答通常要用＂一般将来时＂。 ?—Please close the door when you go out. 当你出去的时候请关门。 —OK, I will. 好的，我会的。 （2）以let开头的句式的肯定回答多用Good idea.来回答，否定回答用Sorry, ...。 ?—Let’s chat on the Internet. 我们上网聊天吧。 —Good idea. 好主意。 *3. 祈使句与复合句的转换 if引导的条件状语从句可以转换成＂祈使句加and 或or 加简单句＂结构。 ?If you don’t hurry,you’ll not catch the early bus. =Hurry up, or you’ll not catch the early bus. 如果你不快点，就赶不上早班公交车了。 ?If you work harder, you’ll catch up with your classmates. =Work harder, and you’ll catch up with your classmates. 如果你再努力些，你就会赶上你的同班同学。 I. 单项选择 1. (2018·吉林)Please here earlier! We don't want to miss the last bus to the library. A. arrive B. to arrive C. arriving 2.（2018·黑龙江）Tom, the umbrella with you. Look at the clouds, it's going to rain! A. taking B. takes C. take 3.（2018·四川凉山）——Mom, can I play computer games this evening? ——your homework first, and then we'll talk about it. A. Finishing B. Finish C. To finish D. Finished 4.（2018·上海）Please ______ the rubbish into different litter bins according to the signs.
中考英语感叹句与祈使句专讲（知识梳理练习） 中考英语感叹句与祈使句专讲（知识梳理+练习） 感叹句和祈使句都是中考考察的重点，在选择题、句型转换、填空和改错等题型中都会出现。这属于语法的基础部分，也是重点部分。需要完全搞懂，驾轻就熟。 一、感叹句 感叹句的概念： 感叹句表示快乐、惊讶、悲哀、厌恶、恐惧等浓厚和强烈的感情。感叹句一般用降调，句末都用叹号。 感叹句构成； How或what(a、an)+感叹部分+陈述句（主谓） 感叹句一般用感叹词How或What引导。How作状语，修饰形容词、副词或动词，What作定语，修饰名词。 (一)由感叹词what引导的感叹句。 注意，What引导的感叹句感叹部分主体是名词。 1、 What+a/an+（形容词）+单数可数名词+主谓+！ 例句：What a fine day it is! 2、What+(形容词）+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主谓+! 例句：What kind women they are! 3、What+形容词+不可数名词+主谓! 例句：What nice music it is!
（二）由How引导的感叹句。 注意，how引导的感叹句，主体部分是形容词、副词或动词。 1、How+形容词（副词）+主谓+！ 例句：How hard the workers are working! 工人工作是多么努力啊！ How clever the girl is! 那女孩是多么聪明啊！ How quickly the boy is writing! 那男孩写得多快啊！ How fast he runs! 他跑得多么快啊！ 2、How+主谓+！ 例句：How time flies! 时光飞逝! （三）注意: 1、当how修饰副词时，动词不跟着感叹词提到主语之前，保持感叹词+感叹部分+主谓这个结构。 如: How fast the runner runs! 2、what引导的感叹句与how引导的感叹句可以相互转换，转换后意义不变。这种转换在初中英语句型转换题型中经常出现。 如: What an interesting story it is! = How interesting the story is! = How interesting this story is= How interesting that story is What interesting stories they are! = How interesting the stories are! = How interesting these stories are! = How interesting those stories are! What a beautiful building it is! = How beautiful the building is! = How beautiful this building is! = How beautiful that building is!
13. 句子的种类 （一）按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。 1）陈述句（Declarative Sentences）：说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。 Light travels faster than sound.光比声速度快。（说明事实） The film is rather boring.这部电影很乏味。 （说明看法） 2）疑问句（Interrogative Sentences）：提出问题。有以下四种： a.一般疑问句（General Questions）： Can you finish the work in time? 你能按时完成工作吗？ b.特殊疑问句（W Questions; H Questions）： Where do you live?你住那儿？ How do you know that? 你怎么知道那件事？ c.选择疑问句（Alternative Questions）： Do you want tea or coffee? 你是要茶还是要咖啡？ d.反意疑问句（Tag-Questions）： He doesn't know her, does he? 他不认识她，对不对？ 3）祈使句（Imperative Sentences）：提出请求，建议或发出命令，例如：Sit down, please.请坐。 Don't be nervous!别紧张！ 4）感叹句（Exclamatory Sentences）：表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪，例如：What good news it is!多好的消息啊！ ： 一祈使句练习 1.Don’t (打架）with others. 2. (not read)in the sun because it’s bad for your eyes. 3. No （talk）in class. 4．We can’t listen to music in the classroom.(改为祈使句) to music in the classroom. 5．Eat in class,please.(改为否定句) _________ in class,please. 6．Listen to music in the hallways（改否定句）
小学英语祈使句专项训练题一 一、填空题 1、 用所给词的适式填空。 1. Let's _________ (clean) the house. 2. How many _________ (animal) are there? 3. Did you _________ (have) fun at Christmas? 4. We have many special _________ (holiday). 5. I am going to _________ (wash) the stove. 6. Yesterday Li Ming _________ (clean) the living room. 7. In the evening, our family _________ (have) supper together. 8. Last year, my parents _________ (buy) me new clothes. 9. Those are Chinese _________ (year). 10. Beef _________ (come) from cows. 2、 用动词的适当形式填空。 1. Let's _________ (clean) the house. 2. How many _________ (animal) are there? 3. Did you _________ (have) fun at Christmas? 4. We have many special _________ (holiday). 5. I am going to _________ (wash) the stove.
英语祈使句和感叹句专项练习题及答案 一、祈使句 祈使句是表示命令、请求的句子。它的主语是you（听话人），通常不说出。【练习导航】Ⅰ. 根据汉语意思完成下列英语句子，每空一词。 1. 这边请！ _____ _____, please! 2. 我来帮你吧。 ____ ____ help you. 3. 我们休息一下吧。 _____ _____ a rest. 4. 让她走吧。 _____ _____ leave. 5. 要永远记住那个可怕的日子。 _____ _____ that terrible day. 6. 务必告诉他这个消息！ _____ _____ him the news! Ⅱ. 单项选择 ( )7. _____ this kind of peach, and you will like it. A. To try B. Trying C. Try D. Tried ( )8. _____ the radio, please. The baby is sleeping now. A. Not turn on B. Don’t turn on C. Not turn down D. Don’t turn down ( )9. —Please bring your homework to school tomorrow, Steven. —OK, I _____. A. will B. won’t C. do D. don’t ( )10. —Peter, don’t step on the grass. —______. A. It doesn’t matter B. I can’t do it C. Don’t worry D. Sorry, I won’t do it again ( )11. — Remember to ask her to call me b ack. —______. A. Never mind B. That’s right C. Up to you D. All right ( )12. —Let’s go ou t and enjoy the sunshine. —?______. It’s boring to stay at home. A. Sounds great B. Not at all C. Forget it D. No way ( )13. —______ late for school again, Tim! —Sorry, I promise that I ______. A. Don’t;won’t B. Don’t be; won’t C. Don’t be; don’t D. Don’t; will ( )14. Boys and girls, ______ up your hands if you want to go for a picnic this weekend. A. putting B. to put C. put D. puts 【指点迷津】 ◆肯定结构的祈使句常以谓语动词原形开头。 ◆否定结构的祈使句常在谓语动词原形前加上Never或Don’t。◆以let引导的祈使句结构，有以下几种情况： 1.“Let me+动词原形”，意为“请让我……”。 2.“Let’s +动词原形”，意为“让我们……”，表示建议或请求。 3.“Let+第三人称作宾语+动词原形”，意为“让……”，表示愿望、命令或允许。◆在开头的动词原形前加Do（务必）或Always（永远），表示强调。如： Do write to us often! 务必经常给我们写信。 Key： 一、Ⅰ. 1. This way 2. Let me 3. Let’s have 4. Let her 5. Always remember 6. Do tell Ⅱ. 7-10 CBAD 11-14 DA BC 二、感叹句 感叹句是用来表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子，通常由how或what来引导。【练习导航】Ⅰ. 按要求完成下面的句子，每空一词。 1. These flowers are very beautiful. (改为感叹句) _______ _______ these flowers are! 2. The little boy is very clever. (改为感叹句) _______ _______ the little boy is! 3. It’s a funny story. (改为感叹
祈使句 （一）概念： 用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告的句子是祈使句。 （二）一般祈使句（省略第二人称主语you） 1.肯定句：动词原形+ …… Be brave. Stand up. Stop talking! Come on and join us! a.有时，为了加强语气，可以在动词之前加do. Do study hard. Do sit down. b.为了使语气显得客气，可在祈使句的句首或句尾加上please. Please 在句尾时，之前一定要加一个逗号。 Please come here. Go this way, please. c.祈使句有唤语，一定要用逗号隔开，放在句首或句尾。 Li Ming, come here. Here you are, Eric. 2.否定句：Don’t + 动词原形+ …… Don’t swim in the river. Don’t be late. Please don’t be noisy. Don’t tell her, please.
（三）L et祈使句（含有第一、三人称主语） 1.肯定句：Let sb. do sth. Let’s go swimming on Sunday. Let me try again. Let Tom go there himself. Let the news be known. Let each man decide for himself. 2.否定句：Let sb. not do sth. 或Don’t let sb. do sth. Don’t let her waste time. Don’t let him hear you say that. Let her not do it alone. Let’s not say anything about it. Don’t let them play with fire. 3.注意： Let’s表示包括对方。 Let us表示不包括对方。 Let’s go, shall we? （包括对方） Let us go, will you? （请求对方许，不包括对方）（四）句型转换：祈使句+and/or+陈述句 祈使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句。 Use your head, and you will find a way. = If you use your head, you will find a way. Work hard, or you will fail. =If you don’t work hard, you will fail.
英语祈使句和感叹句专项练习题 一、祈使句 祈使句是表示命令、请求的句子。它的主语是you（听话人），通常不说出。 【练习导航】 Ⅰ. 根据汉语意思完成下列英语句子，每空一词。 1. 这边请！ _____ _____, please! 2. 我来帮你吧。____ ____ help you. 3. 我们休息一下吧。_____ _____ a rest. 4. 让她走吧。_____ _____ leave. 5. 要永远记住那个可怕的日子。 _____ _____ that terrible day. 6. 务必告诉他这个消息！ _____ _____ him the news! Ⅱ. 单项选择 ( )7. _____ this kind of peach, and you will like it. A. To try B. Trying C. Try D. Tried ( )8. _____ the radio, please. The baby is sleeping now. A. Not turn on B. Don’t turn on C. Not turn down D. Don’t turn down ( )9. —Please bring your homework to school tomorrow, Steven. —OK, I _____. A. will B. won’t C. do D. don’t ( )10. —Peter, don’t step on the grass.—______. A. It doesn’t matter B. I can’t do it C. Don’t worry D. Sorry, I won’t do it again ( )11. — Remember to ask her to call me back.—______. A. Never mind B. That’s right C. Up to you D. All right ( )12. —Let’s go out and enjoy the sunshine. —?______. It’s boring to stay at home. A. Sounds great B. Not at all C. Forget it D. No way ( )13. —______ late for school again, Tim! —Sorry, I promise that I ______. A. Don’t; won’t B. Don’t be; won’t C. Don’t be; don’t D. Don’t; will ( )14. Boys and girls, ______ up your hands if you want to go for a picnic this weekend. A. putting B. to put C. put D. puts 【指点迷津】 ◆肯定结构的祈使句常以谓语动词原形开头。 ◆否定结构的祈使句常在谓语动词原形前加上Never或Don’t。 ◆以let引导的祈使句结构，有以下几种情况： 1.“Let me+动词原形”，意为“请让我……”。 2.“Let’s +动词原形”，意为“让我们……”，表示建议或请求。