职称英语综合类概括大意与完成句子汇总试卷
- 格式:doc
- 大小:116.00 KB
- 文档页数:14
职称英语考试题目中综合类概括大意与完成句子(4)职称英语考试题目中综合类概括大意与完成句子(4)职称英语考试题目中综合类概括大意与完成句子(4)1.paragraph 22.paragraph 33.paragraph 44.paragraph 5a.building materialsb.need of greater building varieties in modern lifec.restoration of ancient civilizationsd.evolution in stylee.factors affecting modern architecturef.a social artvariety种类, 式样restoration恢复,还原civilization文明evolution演化,进化1.architecture is to building as literature is to the printed word. the best buildings are often so well constructed that they outlast their original use. they then survive not only asbeautiful objects, but as documents of the history of cultures. these achievements are never wholly the work of individuals. architecture is a social art.2.the renaissance brought about an entirely new age, not only in philosophy and literature but in the visual arts as well. in architecture, the principles and styles of ancient greece and rome were brought back to life and reinterpreted. they remain dominant until the 20th century.renaissance文艺复兴age 世纪visual art 视觉艺术dominant 主要的,控制的remain 保持,保留theybring back to life 还原,恢复,使再生。
职称英语考试题目中综合类概括大意与完成句子(7)职称英语考试题目中综合类概括大意与完成句子(7) 1.paragraph2 2.paragraph 33.paragraph 44.paragraph 5a.higher living standardb.importance of transportin tradec.various means of transportd.birth of transport-related industries and tradee.role of information in tradef.public transportationliving standard 水平、标准means方法、方式related相关的,有联系的industry 产业,工业1.transport is one of the aids to trade. by movinggoods from places where they are plentiful to places where they are scarce, transport adds to their value. the more easily goods can be brought over the distance thatseparates producer and consumer, the better for trade. when there were no railways, no good roads, no canals, and only small sailing ships, trade was on a small scale.2.the great advances made in transport during the last two hundred years were aompanied by a big increase in trade. bigger and faster ships enabled a trade in meat to develop between britain and new zealand, for instance. quicker transport makes possible mass-production and big business, drawing supplies from, and selling goods to, all parts ofthe globe. big factories could not exist without transport to carry the large number of workers they need to and from their homes. big city stores could not have developed unless customers could travel easily from the suburbs and goods delivered to their homes. big cities could not survive unless food could be brought from a distance.be aompanied by 伴随着问题:1.paragraph 2b答案:b.importance of transport in trade3.transport also prevents waste. much of the fish landed at the ports would be wasted if it could not be taken quickly to inland towns. transport has given us a much greater variety of foods and goods since we no longer have to live on what is produced locally. foods which at one time could be obtained only during a part of the year can now be obtained all through the year. transport has raised the standard of living.问题:2.paragraph 3a 答案:a.higher living standard4.by moving fuel, raw materials, and even power, as,for example, through electric cables, transport has led to the establishment of industries and trade in areas where they would have been impossible before. districts and countries can concentrate on making things which they can do better and more cheaply than others and can then exchange them with one another. the cheaper and quicker transport bees, the longer the distance over which goodscan profitably carried. countries with poor transport havea lower standard of living.[by(moving fuel, raw materials, and even power, as,for example, through electric cables,)状语] transport(主语) has led to(谓语) the establishment of industries and trade in areas(where they would have been impossible before.定语从句)问题:3.paragraph 4d答案:d.birth of transport-related industries and trade 5.merce requires not only the moving of goods and peoplebut also the carrying of messages and information. means of munication, like telephones, cables and radio, send information about prices, supplies, and changing conditions in different parts of the world. in this way, advanced munication systems also help to develop trade.merce 商业n.mercial 商业的 adj.问题:4.paragraph 5e 答案:e.role of information in trade5.the development of modern means of transportca.to send goods to various parts of the worldb.at any time during the yearc.has greatly promoted traded.is it possible to produce on a large scalee.the transport of goodsf.it is possible to produce on a large scale the development(中心词)(of modern means of transport.限制成份)promote—促进答案:c. has greatly promoted trade6.only when goods can be carried to all parts of the world quicklyd only+状,谓语倒装only+代/名,不倒装谓语+主语=倒装答案:d. is it possible to produce on a large scale 7.transport has made it possible for people to eat whatever food they wantb答案:b. at any time during the year 8.in the trade of modern society the transmission of information plays as important a role asetransmission传送he is as tall as him.tall形容词原级。
职称英语考试题目中综合类概括大意与完成句子(6)职称英语考试题目中综合类概括大意与完成句子(6) 1.paragraph 2______2.paragraph 3______3.paragraph 4______4.paragraph 5______a.earthquake's forecastb.historical records of earthquakesc.intensities of earthquakesd.cause of earthquakese.indications of earthquakesf.damaging earthquakesforecast预测,预告(近义词predict, pre-前面,…之前;-dict 说)fore- 前面cast投掷forehead额头dictionaryintensity强度cause原因indication预示,显示sign标示,预示signs of earthquakes1.every year earthquakes are responsible for a large number of deaths and a vast amount of destruction in various parts of the world. most of these damaging earthquakes our either in a narrow belt which surrounds the pacific ocean or in a line which extends from burma to the alps in europe. some of the destruction is directly caused by the quake itself. an example of this is the collapse of buildings as a result of the quake itself. other damage results from landslides or major fires which are initiated by the quake.2.there are about a million quakes a year. fortunately, however not all of them are destructive. the intensity of an earthquake is measured on the richter scale, which goes from 0 upward. the highest scale recorded to date is 8.9. major damage generally ours from quakes ranging upwards from 6.0.问题:1.paragraph 2___c___答案:c.intensities of earthquakes3.the actual cause of the quake itself is the breaking of rocks at or below the earth's surface. this is produced by pressure which scientists believe may be due to a number of reasons, two of which are the expansion and contraction of the earth's crust and continental drift.问题:2.paragraph 3___d___答案:d.cause of earthquakes4.in order to limit the damage and to prevent some of the suffering resulting from earthquakes, scientists are working on ways to enable aurate prediction. special instruments are used to help people record, for example, shaking of the earth. scientists are trying to find methods that will enable them to indicate the exact time, location and size of an earthquake.suffer v.承受(灾难,痛苦)suffering n.灾难,痛苦result from 由…引起的问题:3.paragraph 4___a___答案:a.earthquake's forecast5.certain phenomena have been observed which are believed to be the signs of imminent earthquakes. these include strange behaviours of some animals, the changes in the content of mineral water, etc. the magic properties of rocks may also display special pattern before major earthquakes happen.phenomena 现象(pl.)phenomenonsignimminent即将到来的问题:4.paragraph 5___e___答案:e.indications of earthquakes5.not all damage during an earthquake is caused___a___a.by the quake itselfb.not be preventedc.to cause damage of property and loss of livesd.of a possible earthquakee.the unusual behaviors of some animalsf.the strong behaviors of human beings答案: a. by the quake itself6.not all earthquakes are strong enough___c___be enough to do sth.the kid is old enough to go to school.the kid has enough money to go to school.property 财物,所拥有的东西答案: c.to cause damage of property and loss of lives warn sb. not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事warn sb. of sth.i warn him of the fire.7.scientists have been working hard to warn people___d___ 答案: d. of a possible earthquake8.earthquakes can be predicted by observing___e___宾语:名词—名词词组,从句。
职称英语考试题目中综合类概括大意与完成句子(1)职称英语考试题目中综合类概括大意与完成句子(1) munity 社区,团体,社会 1. paragraph 22. paragraph 33. paragraph 44. paragraph 5 a. the wide use of englishb. historical aount of english and its munityc. the advantages of learning a second languaged. the position of the english munitye. the threat that english poses to other languagesf. the definition of a speech munity 1 there is no denying that english is a useful language. the people who speak english today make up the largest speech munity in the world with the exception of speakers of chinese. originally they were small tribes of people from northern europe who settled in england. their languages became more and more similar to each other. finally, the language had enough uniformity to be used by all speakers in england. the people were united into a speech munity through their shared language.2 a speech(言语) munity is similar to other kinds of munities. the people who make up the munity share a mon language. often they live side by side, as they do in a neighborhood, a village, or a city. more often they form a whole country. national boundaries, however, are not always the same as the boundaries of a speech munity. a speechmunity is any group of people who speak the same language no matter where they happen to live.be similar to… 与…相似 define v.定义definition n.1. paragraph 2f f. the definition of a speech munity3 we may say that any one who speaks english belongs to the english speech munity. for convenience, we may classify the speakers into two groups: one in which the speakers use english as their native language, the other in which the speakers learn english as a second language for the purpose of education, merce, and so on.convenience=simplicity ↓convenient=simple 方便的 classify 分类one, the other 一个…,另一个… a. the wide use of english b. historical aount of english and its munity c. the advantages of learning a second languaged. the position of the english munity position n. 组成pose v. 组成 be posed of 由…组成2. paragraph 3d d. the position of the english munity4 english serves as an alternative language in several areas of public activity for the many nations of the world which employ it as an international second language. english has been adopted as the language of air traffic, merce, as well as international diplomacy. moreover, english is the language of the majority of publishedmaterials in the world so that education has e to rely(依靠)heavily on an understanding of english.a. the wide use of english c. the advantages of learning a second languagealternative 可选择的 public activity 公共领域be adopted 被引用,被使用merce →n. 商业mercial adj. 商业的diplomacy →外交3. paragraph 4a a. the wide use of english5 learning a second language extends one's vision and expands the mind. the history and literature of a second language record the real and fictional lives of people and their culture; a knowledge of them adds to our ability to understand and to feel as they feel. learning english as a second language provides another means of munication through which the window of the entire english speech munity bees a part of our heritage.extend v. 拓展 vision n. 视野expand v. 扩大,拓宽 mind n.思维advantage n. 优势 4. paragraph 5cc. the advantages of learning a second language 5. only through the shared language ba. that of a speech munityb. can a speech munity be formedc. in order to learn english betterd. for the sake of simplicitye. has played an important role in the field of educationf. is widely used in several areas of public activityonly+状语/介词短语,要倒装↓倒装:谓语+主语↓助动词 shared5.b. can a speech munity be formed6. the idea of the national boundaries is often different fromanational boundary 国家限制 be different from +名词,代词6.a. that of a speech munity the idea of the national boundaries is often different from the idea of a speech munity.↓ thatthe population in china is larger than that of america.7. speakers are classified into two groupsd for the sake of simplicity↓↓ 为了convenienced. for the sake of simplicity c. in order to learn english better8. an understanding of englishe e. has played an important role in the field of educationf. is widely used in several areas of public activity play a…role 扮演…角色field 领域 so that education has e to rely(依靠) heavily on an understanding of english.。
职称英语综合练习概括大意1 Things to Know about the UK 1 From Buckingham Palace to Oxford, the UK is loaded with wonderful iconsof past eras. But it has also modernized with confidence. Its now better known for vibrantcities with great nightlife and attraction. Fashions, fine dining, clubbing, shopping-the UK is among the worlds best.2 Most people have strong preconceptions about the British. But if youre one of these people, youd be wise to abandon those ideas. Visit a nightclub in one of the big cities, a football match, or a good local pub and you might more readily describe the English people as humorous and hospitable. Its certainly true that no other country in the world has more bird-watchers, sports supporters, pet owners and gardeners than the UK.3 Getting around England is pretty easy. Budgetairlines like Easyjet and Rynnair fly domestically. Trains can deliver you very efficiently from one major city to another .Long distance express buses are called coaches. Where coaches and buses run on the same route, coaches are more expensive than buses. Londons famous black cabs are excellent but expensive. Minicabs are cheaper competitors, with freelancedrivers. But usually you need to give a call first. Londons underground is called the Tube. Its very convenient and can get you to almost any part of the city.4 The UK is not famous for its food. But you still need to know some of the traditional English foods. The most famous must be fish and chips. The fish and chips are deep fried in flour. English breakfast is something you need to try. It is fried bacon, sausages, fried eggs, black pudding, fried tomatoes, fried bread and baked beans, with toast and a pot of tea. Other things like shepherds pie and Yorkshire pudding are also well-known as a part ofEnglish food culture.1.2014年职称英语综合类概括大意练习(1)2.2014年职称英语综合类概括大意练习(2)3.2014年职称英语综合类概括大意练习(3)4.职称英语综合类概括大意练习题与答案5.职称英语概括大意综合类A级专项练习6.职称英语综合类学习资料概括大意练习37.职称英语综合类学习资料概括大意练习108.职称英语综合类概括大意A级专项练习9.职称英语综合类概括大意练习精选10.2014年职称英语综合类概括大意练习(4)。
【经典资料,WORD文档,可编辑修改】【经典考试资料,答案附后,看后必过,WORD文档,可修改】11 Is There a Way to Keep the Britain's Economy Growing是否有办法使英国经济继续保持增长In today's knowledge economy, nations survive on the things they do best. Japanese design electronics while Germens export engineering techniques. The French serve the best food and Americans make computers.现今的知识经济体系下,各国都发挥其特长以求生存。
日本靠生产电子产品,而德国出口工程技术。
法国有着名的美食,美国则制造计算机。
Britain specializes in the gift of talking. The nation doesn't manufacture much of anything. But it has lawyers, stylists and business consultants who earn their living from talk, talk and more talk. The World Foundation think tank1?says the UK's four iconic jobs today are not scientists, engineers, teachers and nurses. Instead, they're hairdressers, celebrities, management consultants and managers. But can all this talking keep the British economy going? The British government thinks it can.英国人以口才见长。
职称英语综合A概括大意精选考试题及答案职称英语综合A概括大意精选考试题及答案下面的短文后有两项测试任务:(1)第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第25段每段选择1个最正确标题;(2)第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最正确选项。
Is There a Way to Keep the Britain's Economy Growing?(1) In today's knowledge economy, nations survive on the things they do best. Japanese design electronics while Germans export engineering techniques. The French serve the best food and Americans make puters,(2) Britain specializes in the gift of talking. The nation doesn't manufacture much of anything.But it has lawyers, stylists and business consultants who earn their living from talk talk and more talk. The World Foundation think tank says the U.K. 's four iconic jobs today are not scientists, engineers, teachers and nurses. Instead, they'rehairdressers, celebrities,management consultants and managers. But can all tlis talking keep the British economy going? The British gover____ent thinks it can.(3) Although the country's trade deficit was more than 60 billion in 2023, U.K. 's largest in the postwar period, officials say the country has nothing to worry about. In fact, Britain does have a world-class pharmaceutical industry, and it still makes a small sum from selling arms abroad.It also trades services-accountancy, insurance, banking and advertising. The gover____ent believes Britain is on the cutting edge of the knowledge economy. After all, the country of Shakespeare and Wordsworth has a literary tradition of which to be proud. Rock'n'roll is an English language medium, and there are billions to be made by their cutting-edge bands. In other words, the creative economy has plenty of strength to carry the British economy.23. Paragraph 2 __________.24. Paragraph 3 __________.25. Paragraph 4 __________.26. Paragraph 5 __________.A. Growth of economyB. “Servant” economyC. Strengtfi of the creative economyD. Weakness of the creative economyE. Gift of talkingF. Export of talking machines27. Every country has its own way __________.28. The British gover____ent doesn't seem__________.29. The creative industries find it difficult __________.30. Many graduates are employed __________.A. to find jobsB. to do low-skill lobsC. to feed its peopleD. to handle disputesE. to make a profitF. to worry about the British economy第3局部:概括大意与完成句子23.E。
第3部分:概括大意与完成句子(第23-30题,每题1分,共8分)考查考生把握文章段落大意及细节的能力。
本部分为1篇300-450词的短文,有2项测试任务:(1)短文后有6个段落小标题,要求考生根据文章的内容为其中指定的4个段落各选择一个正确的小标题;(2)短文后有4个不完整的句子,要求考生在所提供的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子。
概括大意与完成句子答题技巧:此部分考察对文章的理解程度,答题时可先快速浏览全文,了解全文的主旨,然后围绕主旨去分析每一段的意思,保证意思理解不会偏离主旨,这样就完成概括大意。
完成句子在于根据上下文意思,补充句子,抓住主旨,找到最贴近主旨和上下文的内容,补充即可。
How We Form First lmpression 对别人的第一印象是怎样形成的We all have first impression Of someone we just met. But why? Why do we form an opinion about Someone without really knowing anything about him or her -aside perhaps from a few remarks or readily observable traits.The answer is related to how your brain allows you to be aware of the world. Your brain is so sensitive in picking up facial traits,even very minor difference in how a person's eyes,ears,nose,or mouth are placed in relation to each other makes you see him or her as differene1.In fact,your brain continuously process incoming sensory information- the sights and sounds of your world. These incoming "signals" are compared against2 a host of "memories" stored in the brain areas called the cortex system to determine what these new signals " mean" .If you see someone you know and like at school3,your brain says "familiar and safe. " If you see someone new,it says,"new-potentially,threatening". Then your brain starts to match features of this stranger with other " known" memories. The height ,weight,dress ,ethnicity ,gestures ,and tone of voice are all matched up. The more unfamiliar the characteristics ,the more your brain may say,This is new. I don't like this person". Or else,"I'm intrigued" . Or yourbrain may perceive a new face but familiar clothes,ethnicity,gestures-like your other friends;so your brain says: "I like this person" . But these preliminary "impressions" can be deadwrong4When we stereotype people,we use a less mature form of thinking (not unlike the immature thinking of a very young child) that makes simplistic and categorical impressions of others. Rather than learn about the depth and breadth of people-their history,interest,values,strengths,and true character - we categorize them as jocks,geeks,or freaks.However,if we resist initial stereotypical impressions,we have a chance to be aware of what a person is truly like. If we spend time with a person,hear about his or her life,hopes,dreams,and become aware of the person's character,we use a different,more mature style of thinking- and the most complex areas of our cortex,which allow us to be humane.词汇:trait /trei,treit/n. 特点,特征,特性host n. 一大群,许多simplistic /sim'plistik/ adj. 过分单纯化的sensory adj. 感官的,感觉的categorical adj. 绝对的cortex n. 脑皮层Jock n. 骗子ethnicity n. 种族特点geek /gi:k / n. 反常的人intrigue /in'tri:g/ v. 激起兴趣stereotype v. 对……产生成见freak /fri:k/ n. 怪人humane /hju:'mein,hju-/ adj. 有人情味的,人文的注释:1. Your brain,is so sensitive in picking up facial traits,even very minor difference in how a person's eyes ,ears ,nose ,or mouth are placed in relation to each other makes you see him or her as different. 从even 开始到as different 是个结果状语从句,相当于that even very minor ... ,而that 是与主句中的so 呼应的。
【2013职称英语】综合类概括大意与完成句子题目和译文word汇总概括大意与完成句子目录第一篇The Making of a Success Story第二篇The Paper Chase第三篇English and English Community第四篇Alaska第五篇Why Does Food Cost So Much第六篇How We Form First Impression第七篇How to Argue with Your Boss第八篇Earthquake第九篇Transport and Trade第十篇Washoe Learned American Sign Language .*第十一篇Is There a Way to Keep the Britain's Economy Growing*第十二篇Intelligence: a Changed View+第十三篇Screen Test.+ 第十四篇Heartbeat of America+ 第十五篇Smoke Gets in Your Mind第一篇The Making of a Success Story阅读下面的短文,每篇短文后的练习分两部分,第一部分要求从所给的选项里选出所标段落的段落标题;第二部分要求根据文章的内容用所给的选项来完成句子。
The Making of a Success Story1 IKEA is the world's largest furniture retailer, and man behind it is Ingvar Kamprad, one of the world's most successful entrepreneurs . Born in Sweden in 1926 , Kamprad was a natural businessman. As a child , he enjoyed selling things and made small profits from selling matches ,seeds ,and pencils in his community .When Kamprad was 17, his father gave him some money as a reward for his good grades .Naturally he used it to start up a business-IKEA.2 IKEA's name comes from Kamprad's initials (I.K.)and the place where he grew up (`E` and `A`). Today IKEA is known for its modern , minimalist furniture , but it was not a furniture company in the beginning .Rather, IKEA sold all kind of miscellaneous goods ,Kamprad's ware included anything that he could sell for profits at discounted prices ,including watches ,pens and stockings .3 IKEA first began to sell furniture through a mail-order catalogue in 1947. The furniture was all designed and made by manufacturers near Kamprad's home. Initial sales were very encouraging , so Kamprad expanded the product line . Furniture was such a successful aspect of the business that IKEA became solely a furniture company in 1951.4 In 1953 IKEA opend its first showroom in Almhult ,Sweden. IKEA is known today for its spacious stores with furniture in attractive settings ,but in the early 1950s ,people ordered from catalogues ,Thus response to thefirst showroom was overwhelming:people loved being able to see and try the furniture before buying it . This led to increased sales and the company continued to thrive .By 1955, IKEA was designing all its own furniture .5 In 1956 Kamprad saw a man disassembling a table to make it easier to transport . Kamprad was inspired .The man had given him a great idea :flat packaging . Flat packaging would mean lower shipping costs for IKEA and lower prices for customers .IKEA tried it and sales soared . The problem was that people had to assemble furniture themselves ,but over time ,evem this grew into an advantage for IKEA . Nowadays ,IKEA is often seen as having connotations of self-sufficiency .This image has done wonders for the company ,leading to better sales and continued expansion.6 Today there are over 200 stores in 32 countries .Amazingly ,Ingvar Kamprad has managed to keep IKEA a privately-help company .In 2004 he was named the world's richest man , He currently lives in Switzerland and is retied from the day-to-day operations of IKEA. IKEA itself , though ,just keeps on growing.1. Paragraph 2 ____.2. Paragraph 3 ____.3. Paragraph 4 ____.4. Paragraph 5 ____.A. Ingvar Kamprad – a born businessmanB. Success brought by the introduction of showroomsC. The origin of IKEAD. Specialization in selling furnitureE. Flat packaging – a feature of IKEAF. World-wide expansion of IKEA5. Even when he was only a child, ____.6. ____, and years later became a big company specialized in manufacturing and selling of furniture.7. Customers liked the idea of IKEA‘s showrooms because ____.8. As flat packaging saves money for both IKEA and the customers, ____.A. IKEA began as a small store selling all kinds of cheap things.B. it is highly welcomed by bothC. Ingvar Kamprad showed interest in and talent for doing business.D. he lives happily in retirementE. here they can see and try the furniture they are going to buy.F. Ingvar successfully manages the company all by himself答案与题解:C第二^介绍了IKEA这个店名的来源以及它刚开始的时候是一家什么样的小杂货店。
职称英语历年真题《综合B》概括大意职称英语历年真题《综合B》概括大意精选概括大意与完成句子是职称英语考试的第三大题型,共有8道小题,每题l分,总计8分。
这两种题型一般放到同一篇文章中去考查。
以下是yjbys网店铺整理的关于职称英语历年真题《综合B》概括大意精选,供大家练习备考。
The Storyteller(1) Steven Spielberg has always had one goal: to tell as many great stories to as many people as will listen. And that's what he has always been about. The son of a computer scientist and a pianist, Spielberg spent his early childhood in New Jersey and, later, Arizona. From the very beginning, his fertile imagination filled his young mind with images that would later inspire his filmmaking.(2) Even decades later, Spielberg says he has clear memories of his earliest years, which are the origins of some of his biggest hits. He believes that E.T. is the result of the difficult years leading up to his parent's 1966 divorce, "It is really about a young boy who was in search of some stability in his life." "He was scared of just about everything," recalls his mother, Leah Adler. "When trees brushed against the house, he would head into my bed. And that's just the kind of scary stuff he would put in films like Poltergeist."(3)Spielberg was 11 when he first got his hands on his dad's movie camera and began shooting short flicks about flying saucers and World War II battles. Spielberg's talent for scary storytelling enabled him to make friends. On Boy Scout camping trips, when night fell, Spielberg became the center of attention. "Steven would start telling his ghost stories," says Richard Y.Hoffman Jr.,leader of Troop 294, "and everyone would suddenly get quiet so that they could all hear it."(4) Spielberg moved to California with his father and went to high school there, but his grades were so bad that he barely graduated. Both UCLA and USC film schools rejected him, so he entered California State University at Long Beach because it was close to Hollywood.Spielberg was determined to make movies, and he managed to get an unpaid, non-credit internship (实习) in Hollywood. Soon he was given a contract, and he dropped out of college. He never looked back.(5) Now, many years later, Spielberg is still telling stories with as much passion as the kid in the tent. Ask him where he gets his ideas, Spielberg shrugs. "The process for me is mostly intuitive(凭直觉的 ) ," he says. "There are films that I feel I need to make, for a variety of reasons, for personal reasons, for reasons that I want to have fun, that the subject matter is cool, that I think my kids will like it. And sometimes I just think that it will make a lot of money, like the sequel (续集) to Jurassic Park."23. Paragraph 1 __________24. Paragraph 2 __________25. Paragraph 3 __________26. Paragraph 4 __________A. Inspirations for his moviesB. The trouble of making moviesC. A funny manD. Getting into the movie businessE. Telling stories to make friendsF. An aim of life27. Some of Spielberg's most successful movies camefrom__________.28. When Spielberg was a boy, he used to be scared of__________.29. Spielberg is very good at __________.30. Spielberg says he makes movies for __________.A. almost everythingB. telling scary storiesC. a number of reasonsD. making children laughE. his childhood memoriesF. a lot of money答案与解析23.F。
2020职称英语真题及答案-综合类A概括大意第3部分:概括大意与完成句子(第23——30题,每题1分,共8分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务:(1)第23——26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2——5 段每段选择1个标题;(2)第27——30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个选项。
Tunguska Event1 A hundred years ago this week, a gigantic explosion ripped (撕裂) open the day y above a forest in western Siberia, leaving a scientific riddle that endures to this day.2 A dazzling light pierced the heavens,followed by a shock wave as strong as 1,000 atomic bombs. The explosion flattened 80 million trees across an area of 2,000 square kilometers. The fireball was so great that, a day later, Londoners could read their newspapers under the night sky. What caused the so-called Tunguska Event, named after the nearby Podkamennaya Tunguska river, still remains a mystery.3 Experts suspect it was a rock that, after traveling in space for millions of years, was destined to crash to Earthat exactly 7:17 a.m. on June 30, 1908. This possibility worries scienti sts.“Imagine an unspotted asteroid (小行星) hitting a significant chunk(块) of land ... and imagine if that area, unlike Tunguska, were populated,” the British science journal Nature commented recently.4 But no fragments of the “rock” have ever been found. Finding such evidence would be important, for it would increase our knowledge about the risk posed by dangerous NearEarth Objects (NEOs), say Italian researchers Luca Gasperini, Enrico Bonatti and Giuseppe Longo. When the next Tunguska NEO approaches, scientists will have to decide whether to try to deflect (使偏转) it or blow it up in space.5 However, several rival theories for the Tunguska Event exist. Wolfgang Kundt, a professor at Germany's Bonn University,believes the Tunguska Event was caused by a massive escape of 10 million tons of methane(甲烷)-rich gas from deep within earth's crust. Some people hold that the explosion was caused by an alien spaceship crash, or a black hole in the universe.23. Paragraph 2 C24. Paragraph 3 F25. Paragraph 4 E26. Paragraph 5 AA. Competing ExplanationsB. Unknown AttacksC. Mysterious ExplosionD. Star WarE. Importance of Finding EvidenceF. Explanation that Worries Scientists27. The gigantic explosion that occurred a hundred years ago A28. The shock wave which followed the dazzling light D29. The hypothesis that the explosion was caused by a rock colliding with the Earth B30. Wolfgang Kundt, who has developed an alternative theory CA. has remained a puzzleB. lacks sufficient evidenceC. is a university professorD. was generated by the explosionE. will kill many animalsF. are attacked by aliens。
职称英语考试题目中综合类概括大意与完成句子(2)职称英语考试题目中综合类概括大意与完成句子(2)职称英语考试题目中综合类概括大意与完成句子(2)1.paragraph 3 ____2.paragraph 4 ____3.paragraph 5 ____4.paragraph 6 ____a.rich resources of the stateb.connections with the outside worldc.transportation problemd.the natives of the lande.cold climatend and populationresource资源connection联系native 本地人climate 气候1.in 1959 americans welcomed alaska into the union as the 49th state, symbolizing a change of attitude from that held in 1867, when the peninsula was purchased from russia. then,most americans had little interest in 1,500,000 square kilometers of icebergs and polar bears -beyond canada's western borders, far from the settled areas of the united states.2.in those sections of the state which lie above the arctic circle, alaska still is a land of icebergs and polar bears. ice masses lie buried in the earth, which is permanently frozen to a depth of 90 or more meters. from early may until early august, the midnight sun never sets on this flay, treeless region, but the sun cannot melt the icy soil more than two-thirds of a meter down.3.alaska is america's largest state, but only about 325,000 people live there. according to estimates, 800,000 hectares of its land area are fit for plowing but only about 640,000 hectares are being cultivated.问题:1.paragraph 3____f__答案:nd and population4.arctic alaska has been the home of eskimos for countless centuries. it is believed that the eskimos moved there from mongolia or siberia, probably crossing bering strait, named for vitus bering, the danish sea captain who discovered alaska on his voyage for russia in 1741. the eskimos are the state'searliest known inhabitants. russian fur traders established settlements but, by the time alaska was sold to the united states, most of the traders had departed.eskimo爱斯基摩人countless无数的, 数不尽的问题:2.paragraph 4____d__答案:d.the natives of the land5.in 1896 gold was discovered near the klondike river in canada just across the alaskan border. thousands of americans rushed to the region on their way to klondike; some never returned. alaska was never completely cut off again, although even today transportation is a major problem. there are only two motor routes from the us mainland, and within the state, every town has its own airfield. planes fly passengers, mail and freight to the most distant villages.问题:3.paragraph 5____c__答案:c.transportation problem6.the gold that changed life so suddenly for alaska was soon ended, and although many stories about mining camps have become part of american literature, the gold from alaskan earth contributed less to economic progress than the fish from alaskan waters. the fish caught in a single year rangein value from $90 million. fur-bearing animals are plentiful in the forests and streams, and valuable fur seals inhabit the waters. after fishing, the state's chief industry is lumber and the production of wood pulp. in recent years, alaska's single most important resource has become oil. the state also has large deposits of coal, copper, gold and other minerals.deposit存储coal煤copper铜gold金子mineral矿产问题:4.paragraph 6____a__答案:a.rich resources of the state正确答案:fdca5.for as long as three months of a year, the sun ______ on the ice-covered land of alaska.a.as fish doesb.because of its rich natural resourcesc.by the united states in the 19th centuryd.shines day and nighte.only a very small percentagef.a limited amount of the gold found thereshine照耀答案:d shines day and night6.according to statistics, ______ of the total area of alaska has been used for farming.statistic统计percentage n 百分比答案:e only a very small percentage7.alaska as originally part of russia, but was bought______.originally原来be+bought(buy)+by答案:c by the united states in the 19th century8.gold did not bring to alaska as much wealth______.as asso asso as thatso that答案:a as fish does答案:deca职称英语考试题目中综合类概括大意与完成句子(2)相关内容:。
职称英语考试综合类概括大意与完成句子练习题The Open University in Britain1 In 1963 the leader of the Labour Party made a speech explaining plans for a “ university of the air”-an educational system which would make use of television,radio and correspondence courses. Many people laughed at the idea,but it became part of the Labour Party s programme to give educational opportunity to those people who,for one reason or another,had not had a chance to receive further education.2 By 1969 plans were well advanced and by August 1970 the Open University,as it is now called,had received 400,000 applications. Only 25,000 could be accepted for the four “foundation” courses offered:social sciences,arts,science and mathematics. Unsuccessful candidates were told to apply again the following year,when a foundation course in technology would also be offered.3 The first teaching programmes appeared on the air and screen in January 1971,with clerks,farm workers,housewives,teachers,policemen and many others as students. Correspondence units had been carefully prepared and science students were given devices for a small home laboratory. Study centers have been set up all over the country so that students can attend once a week,and once a year they will spend a week at one of the university s summer schools.4 It has been nearly 30 years since the Open University started to offer courses. Now it is a very important part of the British educational system. Not only does it offer foundation courses like those mentioned above,it also carries out very advanced scientific researches,some of which lead to Master s or PH.D Degrees. Many other countries have started similar educational programmes following the successful example of the Open University in Britain.1. Paragraph 2_____________.2. Paragraph 3_____________.3. Paragraph 4_____________.A Progress since its foundingB Special facilities of the universityC Enrollment in the early daysD Teaching staff of the university4. In Britain,besides taking academic courses on TV and on radio,people can also_____________.5. The Labour Party was the first party in Britain that_____________.6. In 1971,the Open University started to_________7. When the Open University first started,there were more applicants_____________.A put forward the idea of founding the Open UniversityB than it could admitC learn through correspondenceD offer foundation courses in technologyE charge students a low tuition fee参考答案:C B A C A D B更多职称英语考试免费资料请访问“新东方在线职称英语频道”。
2020年职称英语真题及答案综合类C概括大意第3部分:概括大意与完成句子(第23——30题,每题1分,共8分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务:(1)第23——26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2——5 段每段选择1个标题;(2)第27——30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个选项。
Feed the World with Potatoes1. As food prices continue to rise rapidly,there is growing concern about the effect it will have among the world’s poor.2. Increasingly, experts are looking to thepotato as a possible low-cost solution to feeding the hungry. To emphasize the issue, the United Nations has called the potato “a hidden treasure” and named 2008 the International Yearof the Potato. Here’s how potatoes could end the food crisis.3. The potato matures more quickly, on less land and in harsher climate than most other major crops. Up to 85 percent of the plant is eatable, compared with around 50 percent of cereals. Its broad adaptability to a wide variety of farming systems is also note worthy.4. Potatoes are an excellent source of complex carbohydrates, which is release their energy slowly, and have only 5 percent of wheat’ s fat content. They contain only a quarter of the calories of bread and,according to the Potato Center, when boiled, potatoes have more protein and nearly twice the calcium as corn. Additionally, they are good source of vitamin C, iron, potassium(钾)and zinc(锌).5. The food and Agriculture Organization recently surveyed food price inflation in over 70 of the poor countries. Cereal price inflation was much higher and far more widespread than for potatoes. A significant factor behind the potato’ s affordability is the fact that unlike other agriculture products, the potato is not yet a global commodity, and has therefore not attracted speculative investors. Raw potatoes are heavy and carrot during transmit, so global trade has been show to take off. Also, potatoes are susceptible(易受影响的) to infection with disease, hindering(防碍) export. According to analysts’ estimates, less than 5 percent of potatoes are traded internationally, with prices driven primarily by local tastes instead of international demand.23. Paragraph 2__B___24. Paragraph 3__D___25. Paragraph 4__C___26. Paragraph 5__A___A. Potatoes’ Lower InflationB. Major Food CropsC. Healthy FoodD. Higher OutputE. Growing Importance of PotatoesF. High Price27. The potato is cheap because E28. The whole world is concerned about food prices because B29. Many peopleeat potatoes because C30. The potato isnot yet a global commodity because FA. it has remained a controversial issueB. they are rising rapidlyC. they are very nourishingD. nobody eats itE. its yield is highF. raw potatoes can decay easily during transit。
职称英语考试题目中综合类概括大意与完成句子(5)职称英语考试题目中综合类概括大意与完成句子(5)职称英语考试题目中综合类概括大意与完成句子(5)1.paragraph 2______2.paragraph 3______3.paragraph 4______4.paragraph 5______a.keep your voice low all the timeb.put yourself in the boss's positionc.propose your solutiond.don't go in when you are angrye.make the issue clearf.never give inpropose v.求婚,提议pro- 向前pose姿式proposal n.solution n. 解决方案issue questiongive in 放弃argue with 争辩1.before you argue with your boss, check with the boss's secretary to determine his mood. if he ate nails for breakfast, it is not a good idea to ask him for something. even without the boss's secretary, there are keys to timing: don't approach the boss when he's on deadline; don't go in right before lunch, when he is apt to be distracted and rushed; don't go in just before or after he has taken a vacation.approach接近2.if you're mad, that will only make your boss mad. calm down first. and don't let a particular concern open the floodgates for all your accumulated frustration. the boss will feel that you think negatively about the company and it is hopeless trying to change your mind. then, maybe he will dismiss you.mad = angryirritable发怒的问题:1. paragraph 2__d____答案:d. don't go in when you are angry3.terrible disputes can result when neither the employer nor the employee knows what is the problem the other wants to discuss. sometimes the fight will go away when the issues are made clear. the employee has to get his point acrossclearly in order to make the boss understand it.dispute争端neither nor 既不也不问题:2. paragraph 3__e____答案:e. make the issue clear4.your boss has enough on his mind without your adding more. if you can't put forward an immediate solution, at least suggest how to approach the problem. people who frequently present problems without solutions to their bosses may soon find they can't get past the secretary.put forward提出propose 建议问题:3.paragraph 4__c____答案:c.propose your solution5.to deal effectively with a boss, it's important to consider his goals and pressures. if you can put yourself in the position of being a partner to the boss, then he will be naturally more inclined to work with you to achieve your goals.问题:4.paragraph 5__b____答案:b.put yourself in the boss's position1 4答案:decb5.if you want to ask the boss for anything, it is importantto find out first__b____a.to give the boss your adviceb.how he is feelingc.the boss may haved.what you really want to talk to him aboute.without suggesting a way to solve itf.how unhappy you arefind out +名词/名词词组/从句答案:b. how he is feeling6.it is necessary to make clear to the boss___d___make sth. clear 解释某事make clear that/what/hownecessary必要的答案:d. what you really want to talk to him about7.it is not wise to present the boss with a problem___e___答案:e. without suggesting a way to solve it8.you must be considerate and think of the troubles__c____consider v.考虑considerate adj.周到的答案:c. the boss may have5 8答案:bdec职称英语考试题目中综合类概括大意与完成句子(5)相关内容:。
职称英语综合A概括大意题及答案职称英语综合A概括大意精选题及答案在复习阶段,大家一定要多练习题,掌握考题的规律,掌握常考的知识,这样有助于提高大家的分数。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2017年职称英语综合A概括大意精选题及答案,希望能给大家带来帮助!第3部分:概括大意与完成句子(第23——-30题,每题l分,共8分)下面的短文后有两项测试任务:(1)第23——26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2——5段的每段选择1个最佳标题;(2)第27——30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。
The Gap of Lifespan between Men and Women(1) People are living longer than ever, but for some reason, women are living longer than men. A baby boy born in the United States in 2003 can expects to live to be about 73, a baby girl,about 79. this is indeed a wide gap, and no one really knows why it exists. The greater longevity (长寿) of women, however, has been known for centuries. It was, for example,described in the seventeenth century. However, the difference was smaller then--the gap is growing.(2) A number of reasons have been proposed to explain the differences. The gap is greatest in industrialized (个体的) societies, so it has been suggested that women are less susceptible to work stress that may raise the risk of heart disease and alcoholism (酗酒). Sociologists also tell us that women are encouraged to be less adventurous than men (and this may be why they are more careful drivers, involved in fewer accidents).(3) Even smoking has been implicated in the age discrepancy (差异). It was once suggested that working women are more likelyto smoke and as more women entered the work force, the age gap would begin to close, because smoking is related to earlier deaths. Now, however, we see more women smoking and they still tend to live longer although their lung cancer rate is climbing sharply.(4) Some researchers have suggested that men may die early because their health is more strongly related to their emotions. For example, men tend to die sooner after losing a spouse than women do. Men even seem to be more weakened by loss of a job. (Both of these are linked with a marked decrease in the effectiveness of the immune system.) Among men, death follows retirement with an alarming (令人担忧的) promptness (迅速).(5) Perhaps we are searching for the answers too close to the surface of the problem. Perhaps the answers lie deeper in our biological heritage. After all, the phenomenon is not isolated to humans. Females have the edge among virtually ( 几乎) all mammalian (哺乳动物的) species, in that they generally live longer. Furthermore, in many of these species the differences beginat the moment of conception; there are more male miscarriages ( 流产 ). In human, after birth, more baby boys than baby girls die.23. paragraph 1 __________24. paragraph 2 __________25. paragraph 3 __________26. paragraph 4 __________A. Much Male MiscarriagesB. The Reason for the Gap Grows DifferentC. The Greater Longevity of Women.D. Health Is More Strongly Related to Their Emotion,,E. Women Are Living Longer than MenF. Example for the Age Discrepancy27——30补全句子27. Ababy boy live to be about 73, a baby girl, about 79, this has __________28. Women are less likely to work stress that may raise the risk of __________29. More women smoking and they still have __________30. The phenomenon is not isolated to humans __________A. has impact onB. a wide gapC. a longer lifeD. animal speciesE. different societiesF. heart disease and alcoholism第3部分:概括大意与完成句子23.D。
职称英语考试题目中综合类概括大意与完成句子(3)职称英语考试题目中综合类概括大意与完成句子(3) 1.paragraph 3 ____2.paragraph 4 ____3.paragraph 5 ____4.paragraph 6 ____a.the cost of convenienceb.a surprising answer given by the economistsc.the effect of inflationd.middlemen’s limited share in the additional profite.farmers’ denial of increased profitf.housewives’ need to find jobsconvenience=simplicityconvenient=simpleadditional=附加的profit利益denial否认deny v. 否认1.in 1959 the average american family paid $989 for a year’s supply of food. in 1972 the family paid $1,311.that was a price increase of nearly one-third. every family has had this sort of experience. everyone agrees that the cost of feeding a family has risen sharply. but there is less agreement when reasons for the rise are being discussed. who is really responsible?2.many blame the farmers who produce the vegetables, fruit, meat, eggs, and cheese that stores offer for sale. aordingto the us department of agriculture, the farmer’s share of the $1,311 spent by the family in 1972 was $521. this was 31 per cent more than the farmer had received in 1959.3.but farmers claim that this increase was very small pared to the increase in their cost of living. farmers tend to blame others for the sharp rise in food prices. they particularly blame those who process the farm productsafter the products leave the farm. these include truck drivers, meat packers, manufacturers of packages and other food containers, and the owners of stores where food is sold. they are among the “middlemen” who stand between the farmer and the people who buy and eat the food. are middlemen the ones to blame for rising food prices?blame责备to blame for对…负责问题:1.paragraph 3___e___答案:e.farmers’ denial of increased profit4.of the $1,311 family food bill in 1972, middlemenreceived $790, which was 33 per cent more than they had received in 1959. it appears that the middlemen’s profit has increased more than farmer’s. but some economistsclaim that the middleman’s actual profit was very low. aording to economists at the first national city bank, the profit for meat packers and food stores amounted to less than one per cent. during the same period all other manufacturers were making a profit of more than 5 per cent. by parison with other members of the economic system both farmers and middlemen have profited surprisingly littlefrom the rise in food prices.pare with 和…做比较parison n. 比较问题:2.paragraph 4___d___答案:d.middlemen’s limited share in the additional profit5.who then is actually responsible for the size of the billa housewife must pay before she carries the food home from the store? the economists at first national city bank have an answer to give housewives, but many people will not like it. these economists blame the housewife herself for the jump in food prices. they say that food costs more now because women don’t want to spend much time in the kitchen. women prefer to buy food which has already been prepared before it reaches the market.问题:3.paragraph 5___b___答案:b.a surprising answer given by the economistsprefer to do sth6.vegetables and chicken cost more when they have been cut into pieces by someone other than the one who buys it. a family should expect to pay more when several “tv dinners” are taken home from the store. these are fully cooked meals, consisting of meat, vegetables, and sometimes dessert, all arranged on a metal dish. the dish is put intothe oven and heated while the housewife is dong something else. such a convenience costs money. thus, as economists point out :“some of the basic reasons for widening food price spreads are easily traceable to the increasing use of convenience foods, which transfer much of the time and work of meal preparation from the kitchen to the food processor’s plant.”other than 而不是问题:4.paragraph 6____a__答案:a.the cost of convenience1—4答案:edba7.economists remind us that many modern housewives have jobs outside the home. they earn money that helps to pay the family food bills. the housewife naturally has less time and energy for cooking after a day’s work. she wants to buy many kinds of food that can be put on her family’s table easily and quickly. “if the housewife wants all ofthese,” the economists say, “that is her privilege, but she must be prepared to pay for the services of those who make her work easier.”8.it appears that the answer to the question of rising prices is not a simple one. producers, consumers, and middlemen all share the responsibility for the sharp rise in food costs.5.many people agree that food prices have increased sharply but they have failed______a.nor have the middlemenb.to increase the prices for foodc.that they cannot agree on the causes of the increase in pricesd.to agree on the reasons for the increasee.by buying prepared foodf.the popularization of convenience foodfail to do sth.答案:d.to agree on the reasons for the increase6.the farmers have not been benefited very much. ______答案:a.nor have the middlemen7.housewives have to pay for the time they save______答案:e.by buying prepared food8.the economists have e to the conclusion that the cause of increased food prices lies in ______.lie in 位于,在于答案:f.the popularization of convenience foodpopularization n. 流行化,普及模板,内容仅供参考。
职称英语综合类概括大意与完成句子汇总试卷概括大意与完成句子题阅读下面这篇短文,短文后有2项测试任务:(1)前四题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2-5段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)后四题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项,分别完成每个句子。
一.Even Intelligent People Can Fail1. The striking thing about the innovators who succeeded in making our modern world is how often they failed. Turn on a light, take a photograph, watch TV, search the Web, jet across the Pacific Ocean, talk on a cell-phone (手机). The innovators who left us these things had to find the way to success through a maze (错综复杂) of wrong turns.2. We have just celebrated the 125th anniversary of American innovator Thomas Edison's success in heating a thin line to white-hot heat for 14 hours in his lab in New Jersey, US. He did that on October 22, 1879, and followed up a month later by keeping a thread of common cardboard alight (点亮着的) in an airless space for 45 hours. Three years later he went on to light up half a square mile of downtown Manhattan, even though only one of the six power plants in his design worked when he turned it on, on September 4, 1882.3. "Many of life's failures," the supreme innovator said, "are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up." Before that magical moment in October 1879, Edison had worked out no fewer than 3,000 theories about electric light, but in only two cases did his experiments work.4. No one likes failure, but the smart innovators learn from it. Mark Gumz, the head of the camera maker Olympus America Inc, attributes some of the company's successes in technology to understanding failure. His popular phrase is: "You only fail when you quit."5. Over two centuries, the most common quality of the innovators has been persistence. That is another way of saying they had the emotional ability to keep up what they were doing. Walt Disney, the founder of Disneyland, was so broke after a succession of financial failures that he was left shoeless in his office because he could not afford the US$1.50 to get his shoes from the repair shop. Pioneering car maker Henry Ford failed with one company and was forced out of another before he developed the Model T car.6. Failure is harder to bear in today's open, accelerated world. Hardly any innovation works the first time. But an impatient society and the media want instant success. When American music and movie master David Geffen had a difficult time, a critic said nastily that the only difference between Geffen Records (Geffen's company) and the Titanic (the ship that went down) was that the Titanic had better music. Actually, it wasn't. After four years of losses, Geffen had so many hits (成功的作品) he couldafford a ship as big as the Titanic all to himself.1. Paragraph 2_________.2. Paragraph 3_________.3. Paragraph 4_________.4. Paragraph 5_________.A. Importance of learning from failureB. Quality shared by most innovatorsC. Edison's innovationD. Edison's comment on failureE. Contributions made by innovatorsF. Miseries endured by innovators5.People often didn't realize how close they were to success when________.6. Before Henry Ford eventually developed the Model T car,________.7. Walt Disney was once so poor that_________.8. The media demand that_________.A. he developed 3,000 theoriesB. he couldn't afford to buy a pair of shoesC. he found himself an unsuccessful manD. they quittedE. an innovation should work immediatelyF. failure is the mother of success【参考答案】1. C2. D3. A4. B5. D6. C7. B8. E二.Estee Lauder Died1.The child of Central European immigrants who created an international cosmetics(化妆品) empire and became one of the most influential women in US, has died on Saturday. Estee Lauder died at her home in Manhattan, New York City, a company spokesman said. She was 97.2. Born in Queens, New York in 1908, Lauder was the daughter of a Hungarian mother and a Czech father.3. Lauder began her business career by selling skincare products developed by her uncle John Schotz, a chemist, to beauty salons(美容院) and hotels. In 1930, she married Joseph Lauder who became her partner. The company, which became known as Estee Lauder, took off after World War II.4. In 1953, the company introduced its first perfume(香水), Youth Dew, the first of a range of fragrances that has now grown to more than 70. they include: Aramis, a line of products for men, launched in 1964; and Clinique, a range of odorless (无嗅的)cosmetics, which followed in 1968.5. By the time she retired in 1995, Lauder was presiding over a multibillion-dollar enterprise, which now ranks number 349 in the Fortune 500 list of largest US companies. In 1998, she was the only woman to feature in Time magazine's selection of the 20 most important business geniuses of the last century. There were two secrets to her success: her gift for selling things and her tireless energy and determination never to accept second best.6. Even after her retirement at the age of 89, Lauder remained closely involved. Beauty, Lauder believed, was the most important thing in life.7. She wrote in her 1985 autobiography, "Estee, a Success Story": "In a perfect world, we'd all be judged on the sweetness of our souls. But in our less than perfect world, the woman who looks pretty has a distinct advantage and, usually, the last word."1. Paragraph 2__________.2. Paragraph 3__________.3. Paragraph 4__________.4. Paragraph 5__________.A. Early careerB. ChildhoodC. ProductsD. RetirementE. Cosmetics EmpressF. Birth5. Lauder regarded beauty__________.6. Lauder died__________.7. Before marriage, she sold products formulated__________.8. After retirement, she continued to show her interest__________.A. at the age of 97B. as the most important thing in lifeC. by John SchotzD. in 1908E. in cosmeticsF. on the sweetness of our souls【参考答案】1. F2. A3. C4. E5. B6. A7. C8. E三.Keeping Cut Flowers1. While everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around their house, few people know how to keep them for as long as possible. This may be done by keeping in mind a few simple facts.2. An important thing to remember about cut flowers is that they are sensitive to temperature. For example, studies have shown that cutcarnations (康乃馨) retain their freshness eight times longer when kept at 12℃ than when kept at 26℃. Keeping freshly harvested flowers at the right temperatures is probably the most important aspect of flower care.3. Flowers are not intended by nature to live very long. Their biological purpose is simply to attract birds or insects, such as bees, for pollination (授粉). After that, they quickly dry up and die. The process by which flowers consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide (二氧化碳), called respiration (呼吸), generates the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape and color. The making of seeds also depends on this energy. While all living things respire, flowers have a high level of respiration. A result of all this respiration is heat, and for flowers the level of heat relative to the mass of the flower is very high. Respiration also brings about the eventual death of the flower. Thus the greater the level of respiration, the sooner the flower dies.4. How, then, to control the rate at which flowers die? By controlling respiration. How is respiration controlled? By controlling temperature. We know that respiration produces heat, but the reverse is also true. Thus by maintaining low temperatures, respiration is reduced and the cut flower will age more slowly.5. Another vital factor in keeping cut flowers is the quality of the water in which they are placed. Flowers find it difficult to "drink" water that is dirty or otherwise polluted. Even when water looks and smells clean, it almost certainly contains harmful substances that can endanger the flowers. To rid the water of these unwanted substances, household chlorine bleach (漂白剂) can be used in small quantities. It is recommended that 15 drops of chlorine bleach (at 4% solution) be added to each litre of water. The water and solution should also be replaced each day.1. Paragraph 2_________.2. Paragraph 3_________.3. Paragraph 4_________.4. Paragraph 5_________.A. Control of RespirationB. Beauty of Fresh Cut FlowersC. Role of RespirationD. Most Important Aspect of Flower CareE. Need for Clean WaterF. Ways of Stopping Respiration5. A few simple facts will help you keep cut flowers_________.6. Respiration plays a key role_________.7. The aging of cut flowers can be slowed down_________.8.Another important way to prolong the life of cut flowers is_________.A. by keeping its original shape and colorB. in the life of cut flowersC. to produce carbon dioxideD. for as long as possibleE. by controlling temperatureF. to replace the water and solution every day【参考答案】1. D2. C3. A4. E5. D6. B7. E8. F四.Family Gardening1. The key to gardening with kids, says Patti Kraemer-Doell, Family garden coordinator at the new York Botanical Gardens, is “Letting them experience it themselves. We have tried to guide them, but not tell them to put the sunflowers here and the tomatoes there. The emphasis is on developing their imagination and their appreciation for being out in the garden.”2. Guidance comes in the form of a string grid that is stretched across a planting bed, which divides it into one-foot squares. Kids get advice about how many seeds or seedlings to put in each square and how deep to plant them. Volunteers show kids pictures of how the full-grown plants will look, so they understand how much room each plant needs.3. Theme gardens have been a big hit in the program, and are easy to do in a home garden. Try a barnyard garden, suggests Kraemer-Doell, using plants whose names have associations with barnyard animals-lambs ears, hen and chicks, and cowslip, for example. Let kids grow a salsa garden, with all sorts of tomatoes, hot peppers, onions, and cilantro.A pizza garden can have basil, oregano, and tomatoes, In a Persian carpet garden, kids can focus on colored flowers. A seed garden can include plants that disperse their seeds in different ways, from milkweed to sunflowers.4. Kraemer-Doell also suggests trying a sunflower house. Let kids plant sunflower seeds in a square, leaving space for a door in front. As the sunflowers grow, put a hay fence around them for protection and stake if necessary. Plant morning glories or sweet peas around the base of each sunflower, and they will grow up the stems, eventually forming a roof over the top. By summer’s end, kids will have a sunflower house to play in.5. Some kids might just want to play in the garden, says Kraemer-Doell. At the family garden, there’s a special place set aside just for digging and looking at insects and worms. It’s a very popular spot.1.Paragraph 1________2.Paragraph 2________3.Paragraph 3________4.Paragraph 4________A. Different Kinds of GardensB. Showing Kids the PicturesC. To Build a Sunflower HouseD. How to Plant Seeds or SeedlingsE. The Most Important Point in Family GardeningF. Kinds of Plants in a Home Garden5. Pictures of full-grown plants are provided________6. A barnyard garden will________7. When autumn comes, children can________8. In a home garden, children should always be able to________A. Play games in the sunflower houseB. be planted in a salsa gardenC. include plants with animal namesD. for parents to use as a guideE. find their own playing sectionF. for children to refer to【参考答案】1. E2. D3. A4. C5. F6. C7. A8. E五.Breaking the News about Your Diagnosis1. When I was diagnosed with breast cancer nearly a year ago, I found myself at a loss for words at first. Over time, however, I developed some pointers (点子), which I hope will help others.2. During the first few weeks of emotional "aftershocks" (余悸) from the diagnosis, I found myself unable to utter the word "cancer". Still, I wanted to share the news with my relatives and friends who already knew that I'd had a biopsy (活检) and were anxiously awaiting my telephone call. I did the best I could, which is all anyone can do in this situation. When I called them, I said, "What we feared has happened." They immediately knew what I meant.3.Nearly a year after my diagnosis, I find myself more comfortable telling people "1 was diagnosed with cancer" instead of saying '"1 have cancer." On some deep level, I don't want to "own" this illness. Choose language that suits you when you share your news. And keep in mind that there is no one "right" way of doing this.4. Most people, after hearing your announcement, will be curious about the next step.They may wonder if you will be undergoing radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy (化疗).They may wonder where and when you will have surgery. Answer their questions as best you can, but keep in mind that "1 don't know right now" or "I'm still in too much shock to think about that" are good answers.5. Wait until the initial wave of strong emotions has passed before telling the children in your life. Don't overwhelm (使不知所措)very young children with too much information. Assure them that, even if you will be in the hospital for a while, they will see you every day and they will be cared for. Older children may already fear the word "cancer", so be prepared to reassure them. Emphasize the positive steps that doctors will be taking to treat your illness.1.Paragraph 2____________2.Paragraph 3____________3.Paragraph 4____________4.Paragraph 5____________A. Break the news as calmly as possible to childrenB. Break the news at your own paceC. Share the good news with your friendsD. Choose language that suits youE. Follow your doctor's adviceF. Be prepared for people's curiosity5. You can break the news about your diagnosis without saying_____________.6.When breaking the news about your diagnosis, you can have_____________.7. After hearing about your diagnosis, people will ask questions_____________.8. Very young children won't feel comfortable_____________.A. your own choice of wordsB. the word "cancer"C. the positive stepsD. about the next stepE. on too many answersF. with too much information【参考答案】1. B2. D3. F4. A5. B6. A7. D8. F六.How did English Become a Global Language1.The rise of English is a remarkable tale as Professor David Crystal reminds us in his attractive,short book “English has a Global language.”2. It is certainly quite a theme. When Julius Caesar landed in Britain more than 2,000 years ago, English did not exist. Five hundred years later, English, virtually incomprehensible to modern ears, was probably spoken by about as few people as currently speak Cherokee, the language of a small North American Indian tribe-and with little influence. About 1,000 years later, at the end of the 16th century, and after the Norman Conquest,the Reformation and the arrival of commercial printing technology, English was the native speech of between 5 million and 7million people. And yet now look at it. As the second millennium approaches, English is more widely scattered, more widely spoken and written than any other language has never been. In the title of the book,it has become a truly global language. According to David Crystal, about 2.09 billion people, well over one-third of the world s population are routinely exposed to it.3. As he rightly points out, what is impressive about this staggering figure is:“not so much the grand total but the speed with which expansion has taken place since the 1950 s. In 1950, the case for English as a world language would have been no more than plausible. Fifty years on and the case is virtually won. ”4. So what happened?5. Someone once said that a language is a dialect with an army anda navy. In other words, when the British navy set out to conquer the world,is set out an “army” of English speakers. As the British empire spread throughout the world, English became the basis of law, commerce and education. The British empire was succeed by another(the American), which shared virtually the same linguistic heritage. American English, which has become the rocket-fuel of the English language, has magically found its way into areas undreamed of 40, let alone 400 years ago.6. The most valuable part of Crystal s study is the section devoted to a speedy analysis of the cultural basis of this global reach, notably the influence of broadcasting, press, advertising, popular music and film. He is also up-to-date and informative in his identification of the World-Wide-Web as a powerful reinforcer of American cultural and linguistic dominance.7. One of his most interesting passages concerns the role played by the League of Nations, and later the Untied Nations, in spreading English as an international language in the aftermath of the two world wars.8. What does the future hold? To this question, Crystal proposes the recognition of a new form of English-WSSE(world standard Spoken English)-which almost by definition rules out the possibility that English would fragment into mutually unintelligible language as Latin once did. “English, in some shape or form, will find itself in the service of the world community forever,” Crystal writes.1. Paragraph 2____2. Paragraph 3____3. Paragraph 5____4. Paragraph 6____A. The figure of EnglishB.The speed of the spread of EnglishC. The role played by culture and the netD. The role played by military expansionE. The role played by educationF. The 2,000 years of English5. The kind of English spoken 1,500 years ago was so different from the English we speak today____.6. What impresses people most is not the interesting number of speakers of English found all over the world, ____ the language has spread in the past half century or so.7. The two international organizations founded after the two world wars made their contributions____.8. Crystal expresses the belief that in the future ____ will not happen to English.A. because of their similarityB. that we would not be able to understand it at all C. to the popularization of English as a world languageD. the trend to become a global languageE. what once happened to LatinF. but the speed with which【参考答案】1. F2. B3. D4. C5. B6. F7. C8. E七.Air Transportation1.Airplanes are used to carry passengers, cargo and mail. Air transport companies operate scheduled airlines and non-scheduled services over local, regional, national, and international routes. The aircraft operated by these companies range from small single-engine planes to large multiengine jet transports.2. The first air passenger services began in 1910, when dirigibles began operation between several German cities. The first scheduled airplane service to carry passengers began in the U.S in 1914. Several experimental airmail flights took place in India, Europe, and the United States before World War I, but air transport service did not become a true business until after the war.3. During World War Two, intercontinental air transport became firmly established. After the war the new long-distance transports with advanced facilities were increasingly ble to avoid storms and strong wind and make flights more economical and consistent. A new generation of “jumbo-jet” transports began operations in 1970, and the supersonic transport entered passenger service in 1976.4. During the 1970s the number of domestic passengers on U.S airlinesincreased about 78%, and during the 1980s the figure was up about 58%. In 1990 there were 41.8 million international passengers, the figure was a 75% increase over 1980. The total cargo flown by U.S airlines almost doubled during the 1980s, from 5.7 billion to 10.6 billion ton-miles in 1990.5.Major airports provide a wide range of facilities for the convenience of millions of travelers. These range from such basic services as ticket-sales counters and restaurants to luxury hotels, shopping centers and play are as for children. International airports must also have customs areas and currency-exchange counters and son.1. Paragraph 2 _____.2. Paragraph 3 _____.3. Paragraph 4 _____.4. Paragraph 5 _____.A. Airport servicesB. Training of pilotsC. Beginning periodD. Rapid growth in the U.S.E. DevelopmentF. Competition5. Air transport companies use different plans ____.6. The United States was the country where ____.7. The forty years from the 1930s to the 1970s was an important period ___.8. Nowadays airports provide all kinds of services ____A. in the development of air transportationB. the earliest passenger flights were successfully operatedC. to make travel easy and pleasant for the passengersD. to provide different servicesE. the shortage of qualified pilotsF. traveling by air was very cheap【参考答案】1. C2. E3. D4. A5. D6. B7. A8. C八.Ford1. Ford's great strength was the manufacturing process——not invention. Long before he started a car company, he was a worker, known for picking up pieces of metal and wire and turning them into machines. He started putting cars together in 1891. Although it was by no means the first popular automobile, the Model T showed the world just how creative Ford was at combining technology and market.2. The company's assembly line alone threw America's Industrial Revolution into overdrive (高速运转). Instead of having workers put together the entire car, Ford's friends, who were great toolmakers from Scotland, organized teams that added parts to each Model T as it moved down a line. By the time Ford's Highland Park plant was humming(嗡嗡作响) along in 1914, the world's first automatic conveyor belt could turn out a car every 93 minutes.3. The same year Henry Ford shocked the world with the $5-a-day minimum wage scheme, the greatest contribution he had ever made. The average wage in the auto industry then was $2.34 for a 9-hour shift. Ford not only doubled that, he also took an hour off the workday. In those years it was unthinkable that a man could be paid that much for doing something that didn't involve an awful lot of training or education. The Wall Street Journal called the plan "an economic crime", and critics everywhere laughed at Ford.4. But as the wage increased later to daily $10, it proved a critical component of Ford's dream to make the automobile accessible (可及的)to all. The critics were too stupid to understand that because Ford had lowered his costs per car, the higher wages didn't matter except for making it possible for more people to buy cars.1. Paragraph 1__________.2. Paragraph 2__________.3. Paragraph 3__________.4. Paragraph 4__________.A. Ford's FollowersB. The Assembly LineC. Ford's Great DreamD. The Establishment of the CompanyE. Ford's Biggest ContributionF. Ford's Great Talent5. The assembly line made it possible to__________.6. Ford was the first to adopt__________.7. Higher wages enabled many people to__________.8. Ford's higher-wage and lower-cost strategy was strongly__________.A. criticized by the mediaB. the low wage in the auto industryC. own a carD. produce cars in large numbersE. the 8-hour-shift'practiceF. combined technology and market【参考答案】1. F2. B3. E4. C5. D6. E7. C8. A九.Messages from the Media1. The weather forecast, a story about the candidates in an election, and movie reviews are examples of messages from the media. A communication medium, of which the plural (复数的) form is media, is a means of communicating a message. Examples of media are television, radio, newspapers and books and the telephone. The media that can reach many people at once are called mass media.2. It is not difficult to think of other messages we receive through the mass media. Every day we get hundreds of them. Think about advertisements, for example. We see and hear these messages almost everywhere we go. Advertisements are important messages, even though they are sometimes annoying. They help us compare and evaluate products.3. Most of us get more information from the media than from the classroom. Think, for a moment, about how you learn about local news and events. Do you depend on other people or the media? What about international news? What is the most important source of information for you? People who are asked this question usually answer, "Television."4. Think of all the messages you received today. Perhaps you read a newspaper during breakfast, or maybe you read advertisements on billboards (露天的广告牌) on your way to school. Did you listen to a weather forecast or the sports news on the radio this morning? Right now you are getting information through a very important medium of mass communication——a book.5. We use the information we get from radio, television, newspapers, and other media to make decisions and form opinions. That is why the mass media are so important. Editorials and articles in newspapers help us decide how to vote, consumer reports on television help us decide how to spend our money, and international news on the radio makes us think and form opinions about questions of war and peace.1. Paragraph 2__________.2. Paragraph 3__________.3. Paragraph 4__________.4. Paragraph 5__________.A. Importance of Classroom LearningB. Television as Rich Source of InformationC. Advertisements as Important Messages from the Mass MediaD. Various Messages One May Receive Each DayE. Media —— Means to Communicate MessagesF. Importance of the Mass Media5.Each day we get a lot of messages from__________ .6.Television, radio and books are all important media of__________ .7. For most people television is the most important__________ .8. The mass media are important to us because they shape__________ .A. sports newsB. our decisions and opinionsC. mass communicationD. our messagesE. source of informationF. the mass media【参考答案】1. C2. B3. D4. F5. F6. C7. E8. B十.Hints for Reading Practice1. Most of us can find 15 minutes or half an hour each day for some regular activity. For example, one famous surgeon always spent 15 minutes reading something before he went to sleep each day. Whether he went to bed at 10 p.m. or 2:30 a.m. made no difference.2. "Speed Reading" courses teach students how to read more quickly. In such courses, teachers often ask students to find out how many words a minute he is reading. You can do this too: look at your watch every 5 or 10 minutes and write down the page number you have reached.3. Obviously, you should not increase your reading speed if you do not understand what you are reading. If you find something you don't understand in the book, or you cannot remember clearly the details of what is said, why not read the chapter again?4. Take four or five pages of an interesting book you happen to be reading now. Read these pages as fast as you can. Don't worry about whether you understand or not. If you keep doing this "lightning speed" reading for a period of time, you will usually find that your normal speed has increased.5. Most paragraphs in an article have a topic sentence that expresses the central idea. The opening paragraph often suggests the general direction and content of the article, while paragraphs that follow expand or support。