2011年-2016年南开大学英语语言文学考研真题解析 考研专业课辅导
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[考研类试卷]2011年南开大学英语专业(语言学)真题试卷一、名词解释1 acoustic phonetics2 allophonic variation3 back-formation4 government5 anaphor6 cognate7 spoonerism8 conversational maxim9 face validity10 negative transfer二、音标题11 Write the phonetic symbol that corresponds to each of the following phonetic descriptions, and then give an English word that contains this sound.<u>phonetic description</u> <u>phonetic symbol</u> <u>English word</u>(1)voiceless bilabial unaspirated stop [ ](2)palatal glide [ ](3)high back tense rounded vowel [ ](4)nasalized low-mid back lax rounded vowel [ ]12 In the African language Manika, the affix, the meaning of which is similar to that of the suffix -ing in English, has two phonetic forms, as shown in the data given below. You are required to(1)give the two phonetic forms of the affix;(2)give the underlying form of the affix;(3)write a formal phonological rule to derive the underlying form of the affix to its phonetic forms, using the words[dumuni]"eating" and[sungoli]"sleeping" to illustrate the process of derivation.bugo hit bugoli hittingdila repair dilali repairingdon come donni comingdumu eat dumuni eatinggwen chase gwenni chasingda lie down dali lying downfamu know famni knowingmen hear menni hearingsungo sleep sungoli sleeping三、简答题13 What is a "slip of the tongue"? What has research into "slip of the tongue" phenomena revealed about speech production process?14 Please give a brief account of the relevance theory.15 In your opinion, in what ways can corpus data contribute to lexical studies?16 Please describe error analysis procedures in second language research.四、分析题17 Analyze the morphemic structure of the English words gentlemanliness and unlockable, using a labeled tree diagram to illustrate the morphemic structure of the word under analysis.(1)gentlemanliness(2)unlockable18 The English sentences given below are ungrammatical. You are required to give the syntactic explanation to the ungrammatically in each of the sentences.(1)* Jack put his ball.(2)* I wonder Michael walked the dog.(3)* Frank thinks himself is a superstar.19 Phrases are considered to be syntactic units, or constituents. The phrases labeled in the sentence given below can be independently verified with the help of some special tests. You are required to use two tests as they apply to XP-level constituents for verification.You may draw a tree diagram for demonstration if you think it is necessary. [The children]NP will[stop[at the corner]PP]VP if they see us do so.20 The English sentence is given below. You are required to(1)give the Deep Structure of the sentence,(2)give all the rules relevant to Interrogative Transformation,and(3)transform the Deep Structure of the sentence into its Surface Structure by applying the rules you have given. Tree diagrams for DS and SS are necessary.What did John eat?21 State about ONE of the two topics given below(minimally 200 words). (1)In English, the plurality of countable nouns can be represented in several forms, or suffixes. The following are examples of some of such forms. Are these suffixes of plurality the allomorphs of one and the same morpheme, or are they different morphemes? State the reasons for your answer to the question.Singular Plural Singular Pluraldwarf dwarfs[s] stratum strata[]dogs dogs[z] thesis theses[i:z]wife wives[z] bureau buraux[z]oxoxen[n] stimulus stimuli[ai]22 State about any speech production model that you are familiar with. Use an utterance example to illustrate your understanding of the chosen model and explain how it accounts for the exchange error of "This is the happiest life of my day".。
2015年南开大学英语语言文学考研经验分享考研专业课重点答应几个妹子写书单的,结果昨晚网挂了。
实在是对不起。
开始列书单吧。
基础英语:《星火英语专业考研名校全真试卷--基础英语》。
这个其实就是做题,当时网上搜到了就买了。
集合了几个有名的学校的基础英语试题。
就是练手,我也不好说,也没做完。
《GRE》2008传说中最全的一版。
背单词用的。
但是考前没时间背,全忘了。
《英语专业考研核心词汇》这个见过别的考南开的推荐,说是考了好多。
大家参考着看吧。
专业英语:语言学:《语言学教程》,胡壮麟,2001版。
这一版是最全内容最多的,后期的版本都有删节。
但是南开貌似会考到以前的。
当然我也是听说。
《简明语言学教程》,戴炜栋。
没看完,因为我买的学姐的那个语言学资料上有总结到。
就直接看总结版的了。
不过名词解释考过这个书上的,胡的版本没有。
《南开大学语言学复习资料》,学姐给的,网上没卖的。
算是民间总结的笔记整理吧。
其实也就靠背这个了。
看过几遍书,发现还是不会做题,就买了学姐这本。
大题挺多的。
语言学大家一定要根据题型复习。
其实按照南开往年的路数也就考名词解释,语音描述跟大题。
那大家就集中背名词解释背语音描述多收集多做大题,多抓大题的点。
我是因为有学姐的那本集合笔记就没再收集了,同学们自己要多收集大题啊,平时多看看论述大题,不需要背,记住几个回答的关键点就行。
不要就一直看书,有时候看懂了书,题还是不会做。
英美文学:《美国文学简史》《英国文学简史》常耀信。
常老师的书很有文采,但是用的词也难,有时候看起来比较吃力,后来英国文学史又看了学校教过的《英国文学史》,刘炳善。
这本书简单易看,大家自己取舍。
《南开大学英美文学名词解释》。
这个也是民间大神的整理版本,网上也买不到。
一共有256个名词解释,英美文学的都全了。
名段选读我是在学校图书馆看的,看完了就还回去了也不记得书名。
但是这种选段的书都差不多,想买的同学去买,不想买的跟我一样在图书馆蹭蹭也行。
南开大学基础英语考研真题及详解(2011~2012)南开大学2012年基础英语考研真题Part I Vocabulary(本题共20分,每题l分)Fill in the blanks with the words given below:Change the form if necessary.Each word can be used only once.importune stamina efface topography empirical ramshackle gourmet appraise juxtapose consummate fritter covenant vacillate boycott impeach surveillance lurk hanker nepotism kindle1.Her parents left her nothing but a______old farmhouse.2.Police are keeping the area under constant______.3.The administration is still______over the Health Care issue.4.______sometimes occurs in politics.5.A man was______around outside the shop.6.Lucy had always______after a place of her own.7.Nothing could______the indignity of being publicly criticized.8.We______all products tested on animals.9.Scientists are hoping to find______evidence to confirm their theories.10.What he enjoys most in life is delicious food,and he is regarded as a______.11.When colors are______,they become affected in hue.12.The old man was______passers-by for money.13.His ambition was______when he won the first prize.14.The love of poetry was______in him by her teaching.15.You need____________to be a long-distance runner.16.The money was given to us by deed of______.17.The House Judiciary Committee voted that the President should be______.18.They______their pocket-money away on sweets.19.Students should know the______of our country,including the system of rivers,mountains,etc.20.A dealer came to______the furniture.【答案与解析】1.ramshackle ramshackle摇摇欲坠的,东倒西歪的。
育明教育中国考研专业课辅导第一品牌育明教育官方网站:1育明教育天津分校20152015年天津地区年天津地区年天津地区151515所高校考研辅导必备所高校考研辅导必备天津分校地址南京路新天地大厦天津分校地址南京路新天地大厦20072007专注考研专业课辅导专注考研专业课辅导88年天津地区专业课辅导第一品牌天津分校李老师与大家分享资料育明教育,创始于2006年,由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办,并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟,是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。
更多详情可联系育明教育天津分校李老师。
2014年南开大学英语语言学方向考研经验内部资料考录比两天的考试,半年的准备,感觉真够快的。
以前来这个论坛,感觉经济的什么专业分享的比较多,而我报的外国语学院外国语言学及应用语言学,所以今天也大概说一下,我的准备及现场感受,虽然我准备的也不是很好,但是希望能给即将面向2015考研的你们一点帮助!首先,政治,因为我高中是文科生,当年政治都是狂背的节奏,考研期间对政治基本上就只把大纲过了一遍,然后跟随着肖秀荣的节奏,基本上他的书差不多都看过,但没有好好背过,但其实现场的感受就是也没什么,最后4套卷,8套卷什么的好好背背,掌握一下热点,基本上都能答到点上。
但是要想取得高分,那肯定是要下一番苦功夫的。
育明教育中国考研专业课辅导第一品牌育明教育官方网站:2其次,二外法语,今年的题型有些小变化,总共4题。
第一题没什么变化,还是完型,两篇文章,考动词的时态跟介词搭配(en,de,dont,quelle,lequel,par...),但是文章有点小难度,有些词对我来说不熟悉,文章读了好几遍才明白大概意思,时态就有些小混乱了。
第二题,跟往年不同,考介词的指代,8篇小短文,例如(类似于dont=demonpere,具体后面的名词忘了,主要考了dont,en,laquelle,lequel,personne,celle,celui,,,,反正就各种代词吧!),这道题不难。
天津考研网()南开大学英语语言文学专业考研真题及辅导南开大学英语语言文学专业考研复习都是有依据可循的,考研学子关注事项流程为:考研报录比-大纲-参考书-资料-真题-复习经验-辅导-复试-导师。
缺一不可,南开大学英语语言文学专业考研学弟学妹你们好,先说一下南开大学英语语言文学专业考研的考试科目为①思想政治理论②二外日语或二外法语或二外德语或二外俄语③基础英语④专业英语。
或许你才踏上考研这条路没有多久,很多资源不知道从那里能够找得到,我当初考研的时候也像你一样,虽然本着一颗考研的心,但除了有心以外,别的全没有。
于是我先从各个贴吧论坛和交流群中寻求本专业学长学姐的考研经验和二手资料,然而,说句实在的,没几个人的笔记是特别全面的。
或者说,他们圈画的重点在书上,书都翻坏了,笔记在最后一遍复习的时候已经画花了。
都不好意思给我用。
所以我就还是乖乖买了份全面一点的资料,也赶上从天津考研网公众号领优惠券省了点钱,到手的东西也挺全的,那什么,我这说乱了,从头说吧,是我搜索南开大学英语语言文学专业考研真题解析的时候搜到了免费真题解析视频,就顺着把资料给买了。
给你们挂一下,有用。
南开大学专业英语考研真题解析,然后,这些真题和解析都是出自天津考研网主编的《南开大学英语语言文学专业(基础英语+专业英语)考研红宝书-全程版》活动的时候入手的,现在贵了,但是资料很全面,赠送的公共课视频讲解对我来说也极为受用。
机会只留给有准备的人,如果你没有好的学习习惯和方法,就必须要去请教学长学姐了,加一些考研交流群啊或者贴吧里的联系方式,多问问。
我之前在的群是17年考研群,可能现在更名为南开大学考研学长--2018了。
如果在复习过程中感觉非常吃力,耐心也有限的话是可以考虑报名辅导班的。
让在读的本专业研究生给你做一对一辅导,把不理解的问题和思路都问明白,会节省很多时间,提高自身的复习效率还有反应速度,而这些将会体现在考试的那一刻,还有就是你要知道台上一分钟台下十年功这句话不是胡说的,。
2011年南开大学外国语学院251二外英语真题及详解一、用音标注明下列单词的正确发音。
5%1. window【答案】['wɪndəʊ]2. letterbox【答案】['letəbɔks]3. framework【答案】['freimwə:k]4. Thursday【答案】['θə:zdi]5. T able【答案】['teibl]6. earphone【答案】['iəfəun]7. closet【答案】['klɔzit]8. environment【答案】[in'vaiərənmənt]9. telephone【答案】['telifəun]10. dining【答案】['dainiŋ]二、将下列英语短语译成汉语。
15%11. look up【答案】仰视;(商业、某人的前景等)转好,改善12. watch out【答案】小心,戒备,提防(可能发生麻烦等)13. deal with【答案】解决,处理14. wear off【答案】(使某事物)逐渐消失或除去l5. give in【答案】屈服16. figure out【答案】计算出,想出(主意)17. take over【答案】接管18. go ahead【答案】进行,前进19. be exposed to【答案】暴露于,暴露在……中20. dedicate to【答案】致力于21. stick to【答案】坚持……22. get along with【答案】和……和睦相处;取得进展23. at ease【答案】自在24. On the way【答案】在路上25. keep up with【答案】紧跟……三、从A、B、C和D中选出一个正确答案。
20%26. I wish my uncle could give me _____.A. many adviceB. much advicesC. many advicesD. a lot of advice【答案】D【解析】advice是不可数名词,没有复数形式,也不能用many修饰。
目 录2016年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题(回忆版)(含部分答案)2015年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题(回忆版)(含答案)2014年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题(回忆版)(含答案)2013年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题(回忆版)(含答案)2012年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2011年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2010年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2016年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题(回忆版)(含部分答案)一、英汉互译1.ISO【答案】国际标准化组织2.document against acceptance【答案】承兑交单3.nuclear disarmament【答案】核裁军4.overhead pedestrian walk【答案】天桥5.US federal reserve system【答案】美国联邦储备系统6.alma mater【答案】母校7.leap year【答案】闰年8.plead innocent【答案】无罪答辩9.B/L【答案】海上运输提单10.WHO【答案】世界卫生组织11.紫外线【答案】ultraviolet ray12.食品添加剂【答案】food additives13.摩擦系数【答案】friction coefficient14.亚洲基础设施投资银行【答案】Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank 15.驾驶证【答案】driver license16.民用工业【答案】civil industry17.农历【答案】lunar calendar18.常备军【答案】standing army19.大众传播【答案】Mass Communication20.室内装饰【答案】interior decoration二、段落翻译英译汉:关于戴安娜王妃的简略评价以及穿插了一点查尔斯王子的内容;汉译英:是散文,讲节日的真正含义(把平日因工作和利害关系而分开的人们重聚在一起享受真正的节日)。
2014年南开大学外国语学院英语语言文学专业全套复习资料(728基础英语+865专业英语)【适用对象】2014年报考南开大学外国语学院英语语言文学专业且初试科目为728基础英语、865专业英语的专业课基础不扎实、对院系内部信息了解甚少的同学,尤其适合跨校考生全程复习使用【适用专业】南开大学外国语学院英语语言文学专业【推荐理由】由本部签约的南开大学在读本硕博团队搜集整理精心编制成套,严格依照南大最新考研大纲及考研参考书目整理,目前为市面上最全面的资料,作为基础强化及冲刺全程使用,分售500余元,全套购买享受大幅优惠并有赠品【包含资料】第一部分考研真题及答案:1、南开大学基础英语1999-2012年考研真题(市场独家最全,全国独家推出,试卷均为原版,掌握最新试题动向先人一步),一般多年的试题就是一个小题库,试题总有重复来出的,所以历年试题一定要仔细研究,通过多年试卷可总结出出题重点及思路;2、南开大学基础英语2004-2012年考研试题参考答案,解决学生答题后勘误的困惑,本套答案为天津考研网签约团队独家主创,保证极高正确率,市面上的答案基本都有错误或模糊不清,请同学认真分辨市面一些低价劣质的资料,以免耽误考研;3、南开大学专业英语1999-2012年考研真题(市场独家最全,全国独家推出,试卷均为原版,掌握最新试题动向先人一步),一般多年的试题就是一个小题库,试题总有重复来出的,所以历年试题一定要仔细研究,通过多年试卷可总结出出题重点及思路;4、南开大学专业英语2007-2012年考研试题参考答案,解决学生答题后勘误的困惑,本套答案为天津考研网签约团队独家主创,保证极高正确率,市面上的答案基本都有错误或模糊不清,请同学认真分辨市面一些低价劣质的资料,以免耽误考研;5、南开大学专业英语2007-2012年考研真题解析由本院资深团队主创,视频格式(已加密,仅在购买者电脑中播放使用),光盘发送,对考研真题进行了详细讲解并做深度分析,总结出题规律,进行必要的答题技巧点拨,同时在关键时刻做考点预测,全国独家研发;6、(此项默认不含)南开大学二外日语、二外德语、二外法语、二外俄语2005-2012年试题(任选其一,其中二外日语2005-2010年含详细参考答案)第二部分其他重要资料:1、南开大学英美文学(英国文学)课件,A History of British Literature,PPT课件共160余张,e-mail发送;2、南开大学英美文学6本科笔记,手写版,145页,字迹清晰,南大课堂笔记,包括英国文学和美国文学,本校高分考研学生使用,按时代顺序、文学流派对此进行总结整理,一般每章包括时代背景、文学风格特点、代表作家及其代表作、涉及文学术语以及思考题等,对考研很有帮助;送另一年本科笔记;3、南开大学语言学本科课件(苏立昌),南开大学本科教授课件,PPt格式,Email发送;4、南开大学语言学电子教案(苏立昌),南开大学授课教案,电子版20余页,全英文;5、南开大学语言学本科笔记,手写版,字迹清晰,南大课堂笔记;6、南开大学翻译课件,南开大学外国语学院本科授课课件,ppt格式,e-mail发送,包括Describing the Translation Process、Questions A Translator Faces、英汉语差异、语法分析;7、南开大学翻译教案(苗老师),南开大学外国语学院本科授课教案,主讲人苗老师,打印版50余页,包括两个学期每周授课重点、作业及实践内容,同时有各周实践环节(英汉、汉英互译)的参考译文,重点推荐资料;8、南开大学翻译06内部辅导及翻译理论部分本科笔记,南大06内部辅导(方法、重点),翻译理论本科课堂笔记(班内笔记最好同学处获得)针对王宏印《英汉翻译综合教程》;9、南开大学研究生上课资料,对考研非常有帮助,包括:吕世生老师翻译实践,可能会有翻译实践的考试题目出现;胡老师,中国翻译理论史,建议对中国翻译理论史有问题的同学们可以参考,并且09年真题答案在里面;马红旗老师的课件是美国文学的笔记,很系统,建议考生一定要看;还有一些是同学们在苗菊老师课上讲课时候自己整理的西方翻译理论;10、南开大学英美文学期末考试试卷1份,命题教师索金梅,内部资料,具有重要参考价值;11、南开大学英美文学期末考试试卷1份,命题教师索金梅,内部资料,具有重要参考价值;12、南开大学英国文学期末考试范围重点题,南开大学本科期末考试范围重点题数十道,手写版5页,内部资料;13、南开大学语言学本科期末考试范围,南开大学本科期末考试前老师所画范围,包括考试题型及重点题等,手写版8页,内部资料;14、南开大学基础英语全真考研模拟试卷1份,打印版,含详细参考答案,由签约硕博团队主创,作为冲刺阶段全真测试联系之用,市场独家研发;第三部分考研参考书及习题集部分:本科目考研参考书因版本问题较难收集,考虑到部分同学购买不便,天津考研网提供了参考书及配套习题集电子版供同学们参考使用,如需纸质版请于书店购买:1、《英语专业基础英语考研真题题解》,根据众多院校“基础英语”试题的结构和难易程度,从全国18所院校历年“基础英语”试题中挑选了37套近年试题,并提供了参考答案(2006年和2007年有详细的答案解析),研究生主创团队重点推荐书籍;2、30余本翻译经典书籍电子版,由本部独家收集整理,可作为参考使用,光盘1张发送;3、清华大学出版社出版、高文成主编的《语言学精要与学习指南》,本站签约优秀在读研究生团队强力推荐,此书对胡版语言学教材进行了深度挖掘和整合,细致区分对比了各章节所有易混和重要的术语,扩充了所有南开语言学考试必须的知识点,即全面又详细,是语言学备考一本不可或缺的好书;4、《英汉翻译综合教程(修订版)》王宏印主编,辽宁师范大学出版社,南开外语专业考研必备参考书;第四部分考研辅导班视频:南开大学基础英语、专业英语考研辅导冲刺班完整视频,权威师资,共44课时(注意:为防止恶意流传,视频采用加密格式光盘邮寄,仅能播放于本人电脑并有3次限制,不支持mp3或mp4播放),基础英语具体内容包括(20课时):针对南开大学的基础英语的试题特点,本课程将主要通过20课时的时间帮助考生掌握考试的难点、重点和考点,最大限度地提高考生应试的技巧和能力,使考生不但能在最短时间内提升英语水平,而且达到驾驭基础英语之目的。
目 录2004年南开大学外国语学院应用语言学真题及详解2005年南开大学外国语学院应用语言学真题及详解2006年南开大学外国语学院应用语言学真题及详解2007年南开大学外国语学院专业英语真题及详解2008年南开大学外国语学院857语言学基础真题及详解2009年南开大学外国语学院857语言学基础真题及详解2010年南开大学外国语学院904语言学基础真题及详解2011年南开大学外国语学院866语言学基础真题及详解2012年南开大学外国语学院883语言学基础真题及详解2004年南开大学外国语学院应用语言学真题及详解考试科目:应用语言学I. Illustrate each of the following terms briefly. (45 points)1. prescriptive linguistics【答案】Prescriptive linguistics: the linguistics that tries to lay down rules for “correct” behaviors. It seeks to tell people how language ought to be used by those who wish to use it.2. Displacement【答案】Displacement: Language can be used to refer to what is present, what is absent, what happens at present, what happened in the past, what will happen in the future or what happens in a far-away place. This property of language enables language users to overcome the barriers caused by time and place. For example, we can talk about Sapir, who is already dead; we can even talk about next week, which is in the future.3.IPA【答案】IPA: the abbreviation of International Phonetic Alphabet, which is devised by the International Phonetic Association in 1888. IPA is a set of symbols which can be used to represent the phones and phonemes of natural languages.4.suprasegmental【答案】Suprasegmental: aspects of speech that involve more than single sound segments. The principle Suprasegmental features are syllable, stress, tone, and intonation.5.blendings【答案】Blending is a process in which two words are blended by joining the initial part of the first word and the final part of the second word, or byjoining the initial parts of the two words. For example, the word “smog” is blended from “smoke” and “fog”.6.denotation【答案】Denotation: the core sense of a word or a phrase that relates it to phenomena in the real world. In the case of linguistic signs, the denotative meaning is what the dictionary attempts to provide. It is the literal meaning of a word, the dictionary meaning, opposite to connotation.7.hyponymy【答案】Hyponymy. It refers to the sense relationship between a more general, more inclusive and a more specific word. The word which is more general in meaning is called the superordinate, and the more specific words are called its hyponyms. For example, the hyponymy relationship could be established between “animal” and “rabbit”.8.stem【答案】A stem is any morpheme or combination of morphemes to which an inflectional affix can be added. For example, “friend-” in friends, and “friendship-” in friendships are both stems. The former shows that a stem can be equivalent to a root, whereas the latter shows that a stem may contain a root and a derivational affix.9.inflectional morpheme【答案】Inflectional morpheme: It is also called inflectional affixes, which attaches to the end of words Inflectional affixes and only add a minute or delicate grammatical meaning to the stem. The plural suffix is a typical example of this kind.10.back-formation【答案】It refers to an abnormal type of word-formation where a shorter word is derived by deleting an imagined affix from a longer form already in the language. For example, from “editor” the word “edit” was generated.11.c-command【答案】C-command: A c-commands B if and only if: 1) A does not dominate B and B does not dominate A; 2) The first branching dominating A also dominates B.12.Sapir-Whorf hypothesis【答案】Sapir-Whorf hypothesis consists of two parts: linguistic determinism and linguistic relativity. Linguistic determinism refers to the notion that a language determines certain nonlinguistic cognitive processes. Different languages offer people different ways of expressing around, they think and speak differently. Linguistic relativity refers to the claim that the cognitive processes that are determined are different for different languages. Thus, speakers of different languages are said to think in different ways. The hypothesis is now interpreted mainly in two different ways: a strong version and a weak one. The strong version believes that the language patterns determine people’s thinking and behavior; the weak one holds that the former influence the later. So far, many researches and experiments conducted provide support to the weak version.13.context of situation【答案】Context of situation: It refers to the linguistic and situational environment in which a word, utterance or text occurs. The meaning of utterances, etc., is determined not only by the literal meaning of the words used but also by the context or situation in which they occur.14.corpus linguistics【答案】Corpus linguistics: an approach to investigating language structure and use through the analysis of large databases to real language examples stored on computer. Issues amenable to corpus linguistics include the meanings of words across registers, the distribution and function of grammatical forms and categories, the investigation of lexico-grammatical associations, and issues in language acquisition and development. 15.CALL【答案】CALL: It is the abbreviation of computer-assisted language learning, which refers to the use of a computer in the teaching or learning of a second or foreign language. In this kind of CALL programs, the computer leads the student through a learning task step-by-step, asking questions to check comprehension. Depending on the student’s response, the computer gives the student further practice or progresses to new material.II. Name each of the following IPA symbols. (10 points)1.[]【答案】voiceless postalveolar fricative2.[j]【答案】palatal approximant3.【答案】glottal plosive4.[w]【答案】bilabial approximant5.[x]【答案】voiceless velar fricative6.[υ]【答案】high back lax rounded vowel7.[æ]【答案】low front lax unrounded vowel8.[p]【答案】voiceless bilabial plosive9.【答案】voiceless aspirated affricate10.[d]【答案】voiced post-alveolar affricateIII. Read each of the following statements carefully and decide whether it is true or false. (10 points)1.Odgen and Richards argue that the relation between a word and a thing it refers to is not direct.【答案】T【解析】本题考查语义三角理论。