英语语法：名词性从句语法讲解 时间：2016-10-08作者：来源：精品学习网 笔者在此就名词性从句中的几大易错点进行分析，希望对同学们有所帮助。 [关系代词和关系副词的误用] 例1 （2016·全国卷Ⅰ） My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. 解析 that→where。本题考查宾语从句，引导词在从句中充当地点状语，所以将that改为where。 例2 （2015·全国卷Ⅱ） As natural architects， the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 解析 how。根据语境和空后的形容词thick可知应用how引导宾语从句，此处表示要弄清楚到底土坯房的墙需要“多”厚。故答案为how。 点拨若从句缺少主语、宾语、表语或定语，则考虑用关系代词；若从句缺少时间、地点、原因、方式等状语成分，则使用关系副词 （when/where/why/how）。 [if和whether的误用] 例3 He asked her the question if they can be friends. 解析 if→whether。question后为同位语从句，只能用whether来引导，故而将if改为whether。 例4 It doesn’t matter so much you will come or not. 解析考查主语从句。句意：你来还是不来，这不怎么重要。代词it作形式主语，真正的主语是whether引导的主语从句。 点拨在表达“是否”这一意思时，我们经常会用到whether和if，但以下几种情况只用whether不用if： 1. 在表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句中； 2. 在介词后的宾语从句中。如：It all depends on whether they will
句子成分及基本句型 一、考点、热点回顾 【句子的成分】 在英文中句子成分包括：主语、谓语、宾语（直接宾语、间接宾语）、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。 （一）主语：主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。它在句首。如： （1）Lucy is a beautiful nurse. （名词作主语） （2）He reads newspapers every day. （代词作主语） （3）Smoking is harmful to the health. （动名词作主语） （4）To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.（不定式作主语） （5）What we should do is not yet decided. （主语从句作主语） （二）谓语 说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）必须是动词。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。它在主语后面。 如：His parents are teachers. （系动词和表语一起作谓语） We study hard. （行为动词作谓语） We don’t finish reading the book. （助动词和行为动词一起作谓语） He can speak English. （情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语） （三）宾语 宾语是动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任，它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。一般放在谓语之后。 She is doing her homework now.（名词作宾语） She says（that）she is ill.（宾语从句作动词宾语） We often help him.（代词作宾语） He likes to play basketball.（不定式作宾语） We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。（动名词短语作宾语） 说明1：宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物，宾语一般放在及物动词之后。介词后面的名词或代词或动名词，称为介词宾语。名词、代词、数词常在句中做动词宾语或介词宾语。另外，动词不定式可作动词宾语；动名词和宾语从句也可用作动词宾语。 说明2：及物动词作谓语时，后面要跟宾语。宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象，直接宾语指物，间接宾语通常是及物动词的动作所及的人，间接宾语指人。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前。 不是所有的及物动词都可以用双宾语。有的动词可以跟。如：give, show（给……看），bring, pass, buy等。如：（1）Our teacher tells us a story. （2）The sun gives us light. 间接宾语如果放在直接宾语之后，在表示“人”的间接宾语之前会出现介词“to”或“for”。间接宾语前加“to”的有： give, show, send, bring, read, pass, lend, leave, hand, tell, return, write, throw, promise（答应）, refuse（拒绝）等。 间接宾语加“for”的有： make, buy, do, get, play, order（命令）, sing, pay等 （1）I give him a book. 改成：
十大词性、句子成分分析、五大基本句型及句子类型讲解与练习 一、新课导入 个体名词 集体名词 普通名词 物质名词 1.名词 抽象名词 专有名词 功能：表示人或事物的名称 人称代词： 主格 宾格 （注意it 的用法） 物主代词： 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 指示代词：this, that, these, those 单数：myself`, yourself, himself, herself, itself, oneself 反身代词： 复数：ourselves, yourselves, themselves 2.代词 疑问代词：who, whom, whose, what, which. 简单不定代词：One/ones, Either/neither, both/all, each/ every another, other, the other, others, the others 复合不定代词： somebody, anybody, nobody 不定代词 someone, anyone, no one something, anything, nothing everybody, everyone, everything 功能：用来代替名词、形容词或数词等 3.数词： 基数词 序数词 功能：表数量或顺序 4.冠词： 定冠词 不定冠词 零冠词 //功能：用在名词前，帮助说明名词所指的人或事物 表地点：at/ in/ on/ to, above/ over/ on, below/ under/ underneath …. 表时间： in/ on/ at, in/ after, from/since from, after/ behind, 5.介词： 表运动： across/ through/ over/ pass … 表方位：…. 其他 功能：用在名词、代词等前面，说明句子中词与词之间的关系 6． 形容词： 平级、比较级、最高级 可数名词 不可数名词
【英语】名词性从句专项练习经典经典 一、名词性从句 1．________ has been proved is that animals and insects have their own languages. A. What B. As C. It D. That 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：已被证明的是动物和昆虫有自己的语言。根据is判断，此处为主语从句，分析该从句，缺少主语，用what。选A。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句的应用。 2．It has been pointed out ________ plays a vital role in driving away one's anxiety is one's sweet childhood memories. A. what that B. which C. that D. that what 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：有人指出，驱除焦虑所起着至关重要的作用是童年美好的回忆。本句时一个主语从句，it作形式主语，真正的主语为that what plays a vital role in driving away one's anxiety is one's sweet childhood memories.，主语从句中又有一个主语从句，且此主语从句中缺少主语，所以用what引导。故选D。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句。 3． is clear to the members of the committee is that the President will not give in to their demands. A. Who B. It C. As D. What 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：委员会成员清楚的是，总统不会向他们的要求让步。that the President will not give in to their demands.这个句子作表语； is clear to the members of the committee这是主语从句，这里缺少主语从句的连接词，并且连接词在句中作主语，it是代词，不是了；连接词，故排除B；as作主语时，是在定语从句中，故排除C；who指人，根据表语指的事情，不是人，故排除A；what在主语从句中可以作主语或宾语，指事，符合句意，故选D。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句。 4．________ is known to us all that the old scientist, for ________ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his eighties. A. As; whose B. It; whose C. As; whom D. It; whom 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：我们都知道，那位老科学家，过去生活很艰苦，到了八十多岁还在努力工作。第一空it is known to us all that…是个固定句型，意为“众所周知…”；第二空为介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，先行词the old scientist指人，作介词for的宾语，只能用
1.基本的句子分类和句子核心成分 简单句，复合句（用连词直接连接的两个完整的简单句，“串联句”），复杂句（主从复合句，“并联句”） 不管是什么句子，既然叫做“句子”，那么意味着成分必须完整没有缺失。 既然是句子，不管是主句还是从句，都必须有谓语动词。而且任何一个句子中，有且只有一个谓语动词。 “非谓语动词”---v-ing现在分词，v-ed过去分词，to-do 改错：There are many people claim that education is quite crucial for the young generations. 修改一：who claim that… 修改二：claiming that… 修改三：去掉there are 2.5大基本句型:简单句的分类 主语+谓语（常常在后面接一个副词修饰谓语动词） Time flies.//I ran.//You jump; I jump. 主语+谓语+宾语 I want you.//I borrow books.//I love you. 主语+系动词(可接名词和形容词):be动词+感官动词（look/sound/smell/taste/feel）+get/become/turn/grow/appear/fall(asleep)/keep/stay/remain/maintain/exist(th ere exist…=there be…)…+表语（主语补足语） 主语+谓语+双宾语 主语+谓语+复合宾语（主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语，宾语补足语是对宾语的进一步说明，一般是名词和形容词） He gave me a book. I call him Jack. I push the door open. 区别双宾语和复合宾语：双宾语的两个宾语之间没有必然的逻辑关系，而复合宾语的两个成分之间是有逻辑关系的，中间可以加be动词来进行甄别。 3.句子基本成分的概念的建立和强化 主语---是一句话的中心，整句话都谈它的情况。最简单的形式是名词。 谓语---是主语的主要情况，可表示动作，也可表示状态。只能是动词。 宾语---表示动作的承受者，也可表示动作的结果。最简单的形式就是名词。 表语---也叫主语补足语，和系动词一道构成谓语。 定语---修饰名词、代词。最简单的定语就是形容词：a beautiful flower//a standardized test 状语---修饰动词、形容词或副词。最简单的状语就是副词：increase rapidly//extremely wealthy//very well
【高考复习专题句子成分+句型+从句
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第三节句子概述 一、句子的特征：句子是含有主语和谓语的有一定意义的一组词。 1、句子必须具有完整的意义、一定的句型结构和一定的语调。 2、句子末尾必须有句子结束的标志：包括句号“.”（不是“。”）问号“?”或感叹号“!” 3、句子开头的第一个字母必须大写。（专有名词在任何位置都大写） 4、完整句子之间不用逗号间隔。并列句用连词连接两个
（或以上）句子，用逗号也必须加连词，或用“;”分开；复合句中名词性从句的主句和从句之间不用逗号；非限制性定语从句用逗号分开，限制性定语从句不用；状语从句中从句在主句前，一般用逗号分开，从句在后，一般不用标点符号。 二、句子成分英语中句子有七种句子成分： 1、主语（subject）是句子中所要说的人或事物，是句子的主要成分，不可缺少，位于句首。 The 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing. (名词作主语)
He sent me an E-mail last Friday. (代词作主语) It is a rule for my mother to go shopping on Sundays. (不定式短语作主语) Reading the texts aloud is especially important for Senior Three students. (动名词短语作主语) What the teacher said is very funny. (从句作主语) 2、谓语是说明主语的动作或状态，是句子的主要成分，不可缺少，在主语之后。
句子的基本成分和结构（Cherry） 英语十大词类顺口溜：名代动形副，介连冠感数 1 名词单复数，可数不可数。 2 代词主宾格，反身无主格。 3 动词情系助，及物不及物。 4 含有形容词，关键比较级。 5 副词时地频，有些有比较。 6 介词短语多，时间地点等。 7 连词分两类，并列和从属。8 冠词有两种，定冠不定冠。 9 感叹词表感情，喜怒和哀乐。10 数词记两种，基数和序数 句子种类：按句子的用途 1)陈述句(肯定、否定)：He is six years old. She didn’t hear of you before. 2)疑问句(一般、特殊、选择、反意)： Do they like skating? How old is he? Is he six or seven years old? Mary can swim, can’t she? 3)祈使句(肯定；否定): (Please) Be careful, boys. Don’t/Never talk in class! 4)感叹句: How clever the boy is! What a clever boy he is! 按句子的结构 1)简单句:只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列语). He often reads English in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys. She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers. 2) 并列句:由并列连词（and, but, or等）或分号（；）把 两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。 You help him and he helps you. The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。 3)复合句:由when, where, why, how, because等从属连词连接主从句并且从句在主句中充当一 个成分的句子称为主从复合句。 复合句： 1.名词性从句：1）主语从句2）宾语从句3）表语从句4）同位语从句 2.定语从句：1）限定性定语从句2）非限定性定语从句 3.状语从句(时间/地点/条件/原因/结果/让步/比较) (方式/目的/伴随) 句子是写作的基本单位，只有写好句子才有可能写好文章。英语的句子成分有八种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语、表语和同位语。学会判断句子成分对以后学习难句奠定了基础。英语句子的构成也有其特定的规律，掌握了句子的基本句型、常见句式和词语的习惯搭配，就能写出完整、正确的句子。 一、英语的句子成分： 一）主语： Walls have ears. ( ) He will take you to the hospital. （）Three plus four equals seven. （） To see is to believe. （） Smo king is not allowed in public places. （） Whether or not they will come depends on the weather. （） 二）谓语动词由_____________担任。助动词或情态动词加其他动词的适当形式也构成谓语动词。Action speaks louder than words. The chance may never come again. Mary has been working at the dress shop since 1994. 三）表语它的位置在__________之后。是用来说明主语的________,_______, ________的. My father is a professor. ( ) Who's that? It's me. ( ) Everything here is expensive. ( ) The match became very exciting.( ) The story of my life may be of help to others.( ) Three times five is fifteen. ( ) His plan is to seek work in the city. ( ) My first idea was that you should hide your feelings. ( ) （四）宾语表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语一般放在___________之后。_____词后也会跟宾语。 She covered her face with her hands.( ) We haven't seen her for a long time. ( ) Do you mind opening the window? ( ) Give me four please. ( ) He wants to dream a nice dream. ( ) We need to know what others are doing. ( ) We should care more about our friends. ( ) （五）定语是修饰___词.单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的名词之_____；短语和从句作定语时则放在它所修饰的名词之_____。 They are woman workers. （） Tom's father didn't write home until yesterday. （） Mary is a beautiful girl.. （） The play has three acts. ( ) This is her first trip to Europe. ( ) China is a developing country. ( ) I have nothing to eat. ( ) Those who want to go to Tibet are to sign their names here. ( ) 六）状语状语表示地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、伴随情况等。 The best fish swim near the bottom. ( ) I left the village five years ago. ( ) I arrived late because of the traffic jam .( ) We'll send a car to fetch you. ( ) The fish can eat a person in two minutes , leaving only bones.( ) The students came into the classroom, singing and dancing.( ) If he goes, so will I . ( ) Though he is a child, he knows a lot. ( ) 七）宾语补足语 英语有些及物动词，除了要有宾语之外，还要加上宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。宾语和宾语补足语一起构成___________。
初中英语基本语法 句子的成分： 主语谓语宾语表语宾补（宾语补足语）状语定语同位语 主语：一般在句子的开头例如：He is a teacher. 谓语：即是句子的动词例如：What are you doing now? 宾语：动词后的名词或非谓语短语例如：He likes eating apples. 表语：系动词后的名词或短语例如：He is a teacher. 同位语：放在名词后，与前面的名词具有同等地位，叫同位语。 例如：This helps us students much.. students 作的是us 的同位语 注意：要区分好宾语和表语—— 1）宾语在实意动词（有实在意义的词）之后；而表语在系动词之后： 系动词有： 一是：be (am is are was were) 一觉：feel 二好像：appear seem 三保持：keep stay remain 起来四个：taste（尝起来） smell（闻起来） sound（听起来） look（看起来） 变五个：get grow turn become go 系动词以外的词，除特殊讲解外的均为实意动词 注：除了“一是”以外的词均可作实意动词 2）非谓语：即不是谓语。分为不定式动名词过去分词（详情参见不规则动词表） 3）短语即是所说的词组 宾补（作为了解）：在英语中有些及物动词，接了宾语意义仍不完整，还需要有一个其他的句子成分，来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等 例如： I heard Jean singing this morning. 句子中的Jean显然是宾语。但是主语I听到的并不是Jean，而是Jean singing。singing 是句子中的宾语补足语。它和宾语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，也就是说从逻辑上来讲，是Jean执行了singing的动作。 句子中的singing是现在分词做宾语补足语。能够充当宾补的还有宾语补足语的大致有：不定式，现在分词，过去分词，形容词，副词，介宾短语等。一般情况下，宾补通常紧跟在宾语之后。 比如： I find learning English difficult.(difficult是形容词做宾补） I saw the kite up and down. （up and down是副词做宾补） Tom made the girl cry. (cry是省略不定式符号to的动词不定式） *常跟复合宾语的动词有：call,name,make,think,find,leave,keep,nominate(任命),choose,elect(选举),define(定义),regard, see, recognize,treat, take,consider, look up, refer to, accept, acknowledge,describe,depict(描述),represent(表现出),declare(宣称),denounce, employ(雇佣), use, show, organize, express
定语从句和名词性从句 考点一关系代词引导的定语从句 1．whose是一个表示所属关系的词，在定语从句中作定语，of which可以代替whose指物，词序一般是名词＋of which或of which＋名词。of whom 可以代替whose指人，词序是名词＋of whom。 Many children，whose parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village. 父母亲在大城市里打工的许多孩子在村庄里被照顾的非常好。 The old temple whose roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair. 那座在暴风雨中屋顶受损的古庙现在正在维修中。 2．which，that所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。 先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词用that；which代指前面整个句子内容。 They talked for about an hour of things and people that they remembered in the school.关于他们记得的上学时的人和事，他们讨论了一小时。 The Internet is a huge computer system which/that allows millions of people around the world to share information. 因特网是一个庞大的计算机系统，它使得世界上成千上万的人们共享信息成为可能。3．who，whom，that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。 The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people，many of whom left their village homes for a better life in the city. 近千人在这一社区居住，他们当中很多都是从农村老家来城市寻求更好的日子的。 考点二介词提前了的定语从句 1．与定语从句中的动词构成搭配。 In the dark street，there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.在漆黑的大街上没有一个人能为她提供帮助。 2．与定语从句所修饰的先行词构成搭配。 Patience，without which you can't do the work well，is a kind of quality. 耐心是一种品质。没有了耐心，你不能做好工作。 3．of＋which/whom表示所属关系。(表所属关系也可用whose) Recently I bought an ancient vase，the price of which(＝whose price)was very reasonable. 最近我买了个古老的花瓶，它的价钱很合理。 考点三关系副词引导的定语从句 1．关系副词在定语从句中作状语，when指时间，where指地点，why指原因，在定语从句中分别作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。 Occasions are quite rare when I have time to spend a day with my kids. 我有时间和孩子们一起度过一天的机会很少。 After graduation I'd like to find a job where I can use what I have learnt at school.毕业后我要找到一份能利用在学校所学知识的一份工作。 2．先行词是时间名词或地点名词时，如果在从句中不作状语，则不能用when或where引导定语从句，而要用which/that。 Is this the reason(that /which)he gave us for the delay of the project?
句子成分---从句辨析 1.That the driver could not control his war was obvious. 2 The trouble is that we are short of money. 3 The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun 4 Is he the man who wants to see you? 5 There is no doubt that he will come. 6 Whether he left (or not) is unknown 7 Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 8 He was interested in whether he saw her there. 9 We are interested in the news that he told us. 10 My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 11 This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 12 There are at least three signs that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attack rather than a heart attack 13 They often become easily frightened or feel uneasy in situations where people normally would not be afraid. 14 Some people who are successful language learners often fail in other fields. 15 They are looking for the patient on whom doctors just performed an operation. 16 The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.
语法复习：句子成分；简单句、并列句和复合句 一、句子成分 （一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词）We often speak English in class.（代词） One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词） To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式） Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词） The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词） When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句） It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下： 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He practices running every morning. 2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。如：We are students. （四）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。例如： Our teacher of English is an American.（名词） Is it yours?（代词） The weather has turned cold.（形容词） The speech is exciting.（分词） Three times seven is twenty one?（数词） His job is to teach English.（不定式） His hobby（爱好）is playing football.（动名词） The machine must be out of order.（介词短语） Time is up. The class is over.（副词） The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句） （五）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如：They went to see an exhibition（展览）yesterday.（名词） The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.（代词） How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.（数词） They helped the old with their housework yesterday.（名词化形容词） He pretended not to see me.（不定式短语） I enjoy listening to popular music.（动名词短语） I think（that）he is fit for his office.（宾语从句） 宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），例如：Lend me your dictionary, please.（2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），例如：They elected him their monitor. （六）宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等+
名词性从句 名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句厅分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。 （一）引导名词性从句的连接词 1、连接代词：who, whose, whom, what, which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。 2、连接副词：when, where, why, how。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。 3、连接词：that, whether, if, as if。that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if (whether), as if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。 注意： 1、连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句，因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分，连接词whether 和if（是否），as if（好象）在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。根据句义，如果连接代词与连接副词，whether、if 和as if都用不上时，才用that作连接词（that本身无任何含义）。 2、不可省略的连词： （1）介词后的连词 （2）引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。 That she was chosen made us very happy. We heard the news that our team had won. （二）主语从句 1、主语从句在复合句作主语。 e.g. Who will go is not important. 2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。 e.g. It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not. 主要句型有： （1）It+be+形容词+that从句。 It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。 （2）It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that从句。It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game. 我们没赢这场比赛真意外。 （3）It+be+过去分词+that从句。 It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. 据说格林先生已经到了北京。 （4）It+seem, happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。 It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. Alice似乎不来参加晚会。 （5）It+doesn’t matter (makes no difference, etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。 It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. 她是否来这无关紧要。 It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting. 我们在哪里开会毫无区别。 3、that引导主语从句时，不能省略。 e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised. 4、当主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用第三人称单数，下面这个句型例外。 What we need is more time and money. What we need are many more books. 5、if不能用在主语从句中，而是用whether Whether he left (or not) is unknown 6、引导主语从句的关联词有三类： (1)从属连词that。
【英语】名词性从句试题和答案 一、名词性从句 1．—What impresses you most when you visit the Acropolis ? — ________ it is that has brought the grand palace into today's terrible scene. A. Where B. What C. How D. When 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——当你参观雅典卫城时，你印象最深的是什么？——使我印象最深的是什么将从前宏伟的宫殿变成了今天惨不忍睹的样子。强调句型的特殊疑问句式：疑问词（如what） is it that+其它，本句强调的是什么使得从前宏伟的宫殿蜕变的，所以用表示内容的what，选B 【点评】考查主语从句和强调句，本题强调主语从句的引导词。 2． is clear to the members of the committee is that the President will not give in to their demands. A. Who B. It C. As D. What 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：委员会成员清楚的是，总统不会向他们的要求让步。that the President will not give in to their demands.这个句子作表语； is clear to the members of the committee这是主语从句，这里缺少主语从句的连接词，并且连接词在句中作主语，it是代词，不是了；连接词，故排除B；as作主语时，是在定语从句中，故排除C；who指人，根据表语指的事情，不是人，故排除A；what在主语从句中可以作主语或宾语，指事，符合句意，故选D。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句。 3．_______ are playing an important part is well known to us all. A. That who B. Those who C. Who that D. Who 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】考查主语从句。句意：谁起着重要作用，这是众所周知的。主语从句缺少引导词，从句缺少主语，故选D。 4．--- made her ashamed of herself? --- the lowest mark in her class. A. What; Because she got B. Was it what; Getting C. What was it that; That she got D. What was it that; Get 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：——是什么让她对她自己感到羞愧？——是她获得了她班上的最低分让她惭愧。A中的what是句子的主语，但是because引导的从句不作主语，是原因状